北科大2015年研究生英语口语期末考试
大学英语(二)期末口语试题
College English Oral English Test2015-2016学年度第二学期2015级普本、专升本期末口语试题注：学生通过抽签选定试题。
每人准备1-2分钟。
Items 1-8 are fromCollege English Integrated Course 2(大学英语综合教程第二册)1. What are the differences between Chinese and American learning ways? Which one do you prefer, why?Chinese learning way is show children exactly what to do or how to do, and teaching by holding children’s hand. American learning way is making children learn to think by himself, to solve problems on his own and even to discover new problems, for which creative solutions are wanted. It’s value originality and independence more than the Chinese do.In my perspective, I prefer tradition Chinese learning way. There are two reasons for it. First, children can come back for more and happier. He can know the solution immediately and learn effetely. Second, I was taught by this tradition Chinese way, and I think my learning ability is well now.2. How do you comment on Karl Green's way of life? Give your reasons.Karl Green lives in a modest apartment, wears suitable cloth and has a dependable 1999 car. Though he is not rich, his life is colorful. First, he has a very healthy living condition, he exercises every day and feels vigorous and spirited. His “can do” attitude makes him healthy. Second, he has a very colorful mantle world. He writes poetry and shares it with friends. And he has many friends in the same hobbies. Third, he is devoting himself to charity. He rings the bell for the people who need help. He helps a lot of people and feels connect. He is psychological satisfaction.3. What do you think causes the generation gap, and how to solve this problem? Several reasons can account for this common phenomenon. Firstly, the gap between p arents and teenagers is a little big. That’s to say, parents are mutual and old-fashioned while teenagers are quite active,passive and in style. Therefore, it’s normal that parent s and teenagers are both very hard to find the common language. Second, the most important reason is that parents and teenagers are usually not trying to under stand each other. Just like Heidi’s father get with on his children.Thirdly, the children want to be more independent, but the parents still want to take children under their wings. I think we should build a bridge between parents and children. The can have a family meeting and exchange each side’s opinion, communicating and to have an agreement.Parents can also observe their children’s behavior in order to understand their children’s personality and reduce the quarrels between them.In conclusion, to have a close relationship between parents and children, it is rather important for eachside to respect and understand another.4. What do you do on the Internet nowadays? Do you think Internet has changed your life for the better? Why or why not? There is a big influence of technique on our daily life. I use internet to do some shopping, and chat with friends through QQ. It's convenient to search the information online.I take the view that the Internet has changed our life for the better. The Internet is freely available, universal communication. It is access to all the knowledge and learning of the entire world. It is an instant, free service which provides you with news, media, and knowledge, no matter where you go or what you do. The Internet affects everyone in the same way - it gives them more tools for faster communication, gives them more knowledge for smarter decisions, and gives them more people for a greater social network. These are all good things. Of course internet has some disadvantages, as it is a tool for quickly spreading misinformation, fear, and lies.In conclusion, we should take the advantage of the benefit of the Internet while av oiding negative effects.5. What roles do dreaming and hard work play in one’s success? Give some examples to explain. Dreaming is our hope ,it can lead us to know what to do, and then one must work hard to aim at what himself need, so that one can be a successful person. Land work is of great importance for a man to do everything.Do you know Nick? A man who was born without neither arms nor legs due to a rare disorder, he is disabled, unable to hug people, he ld someone’s hand, dance, walk, r an, or even touch. But he had a dream, he wants to do everything as a healthy man can, he tried very hard to achieve his dream, he learned to write using the two toes on his left foot, learned how to type on a computer, throw tennis balls, swim, and pretty much everything he needs for mobility. Finally, he succeeds.6. Can women be as successful as men in the society? Why or why not?In my perspective, women can be as successful as men in society. Today, there are a lot of women in top management positions, and there are many opportuniti es for women who are interested in have a career. Now many women are going into professions, such as medicine, law and engineering. Many scientists in many fields are also female. It may safely draw conclusion that women can do the same things as man can.If women have the same rights as men, they can also become a social backbone j ust like a man do.7. What do you think has made English “the first truly global language”?The UK was the first industrialized nation, and discovered that one of the advantages to this was that they could colonize the rest of the developing world far faster than other European countries could. The British Empire covered a quarter of the globe at its largest, including North America, the Caribbean, Australia, New Zealand, much of West and Southern Africa, South Asia, and parts of South-East Asia. The UK set up English-speaking systems of government, industry, and exploitation in these areas, which established English as the language of global power in the industrial era. The USA's cultural, economic, political, and military domination of the 20th and 21st centuries has ensured that English remains the mostimportant and influential global language. As the official language of business, science, diplomacy, communications, and IT (not to mention the main language of the most popular websites), this is unlikely to change any time soon.8. What should we do to protect our environment?Government should pass laws to prevent the environment from being further polluted, and laws controlling pollution must be strictly enforced. People should work hard to find ways to keep the earth clean: they treat waste gases, protect water sources and purify waste water. controlling the increase of population is also one of the most efficient ways. And above all, attention should be paid to the education of the people so that everyone will show his concern about environmental protectionItems 9-16 are fromNew Horizon College English--Speaking, Listening and Viewing (Book II)(新视野大学英语视听说)9. Please tell me some kinds of music. Do you like any of them? Why or why not?I know classical musical, pop music, folk music, jazz music and blues music.I like classical music, is supposed to be good for people’s brain. Research suggest that it makes people’s brain more active. Students who listen to classical music while studying perform better. I also fond of pop music. pop music is lively, and suits me at my age. What I mean to say is that youngsters like to listen to music that fits in with the way we feel. And, it usually has a good rhythm. pop music is simple to understand, and make me relax. I don’t like jazz music because its noisy. Folk music and blues music is not my style.10. What types of movie do you like? Why? Briefly introduce one of your favorite movies.I like comedy. Because it makes me laugh happily and I will forget about the annoyance. Watching comedy is a good way to relax, it helps me to keep the good mood.My favorite film is "Kung Fu Panda".The story was great and the background was beautiful, it really felt like an ancient Chinese city. And the meaning behind the story may be even better! The story is about Po, an overweight panda who is the son of a noodle maker, who dreams of Po following in his footsteps. But Po longs to be a ninja fighter. Po is a Sweet but clumsy, bear who hears the news the ancient and long awaited dragon warrior will be named, so he runs (as much as he can) to hear who will be named at the celebration. This is the first movie in a while I'd like to see again.11. Do you believe in love at the first sight? Why or why not?I believe love in love at the first sight.It’s very romantic.People say those who love at first sight are bound to meet each other and that t hey know the other one is to be one of the most important people in their life the first ti me they see each other. Some people say that love at first is not reliable. They think it is careless and abrupt to make the decision without enough consideration. But we should admit that if the personalities of the two persons match each other’s well, they will not reg ret making their decision at first sight. They will keep close relationship and strengthen t heir love as time goes on.12. Can you tell me an ad you like best? Why do like it?It is a Coca Cola commercial which aims at all the cola fans. It shows a guy using a machine, and inside the machine, you see the bottle of coke going all around in an animated world which is about Olympic sports. Finally, the guy says: if you have had a coke in the last 80 years, you have had a hand in making anyone’s Olympic dream come true. Actually, I love all Coca Cola advertisements .For one thing, it is fun. it makes me laugh, For another, it is unique and original. I never saw such a commercial before, so it grab mein right away and gets my attention.13. Should animals be kept in a zoo? Why or why not?I think animal shouldn’t be kept in a zoo .it is immoral for people to catch animals in the wild and then trap them in the cages. Animals will lose their freedom and instinct if they depend on human care. And animals can be healthier in the wild than in the zoos. Please image, if you are kept in a cage, will you be happy? You even couldn’t move in a cage. I think we should let the animals live in the wild and build a nature reserve for them to live.14. Choose one of the following quotations on fashion and talk about it.A. Fashion goes round in circles. --- Siobhan FaheyB. Fashion is an imposition, a reign on freedom. --- Golda MeirC. Fashion is made to become unfashionable.I like the first sentence ”fashion goes round in circles ”. It means that an old fashion may become popular again after a period of time.They’re ve ry few fashions in music; movies, clothes, etc. are completely new. You can always find similar fashions in the past. In my mother’s time, the Wide leg pant is very popular. And in this year, wide leg pant is return to our view. Just as this sentence goes, fashion goes round in circles.15. How do you think about the proverb “Money is the root of all evils”?It is a common view that money is the root of all evil. The pursuit of money drives many people to cheat and steal. In some places there is nothing that cannot be bought with money, resulting in corrupt societies where everybody is miserable.Rich people often think money call get them out of trouble. This makes them less afraid to take risks. It also means they care less about other people’s feelings. So I think the proverb that money is the root of all evil sounds reasonable.16. Give some suggestions about how to prevent crimes.First of all, people should know the law. Know what is crime, what is illegal, do not fall into a wrong path. Secondly, people should abide by the law, not because of personal interests and breaking the law. Then, we should remind people from doing bad things, to see someone do something against the law to stop in time, and to take appropriate means. And government can put on strict laws, law enforcement agency should take proper measures and strict management .May be criminals should be given longer terms in prison.。
2015 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)真题+答案
2015 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In our contemporary culture, the prospect of communicating with — or even looking at — a stranger is virtually unbearable. Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they cling to their phones, even without a __1__ on a subway.It’s a sad reality — our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings — becausethere’s __2__ to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldn’t know it, __3__ into your phone. This universal protection sends the __4__: “Please don’t approach me.” What is it that makes us feel we need to hide __5__ our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, an executive mental coach. We fear rejection,or that our innocent social advances will be __6__ as “weird.” We fear we’ll be __7__. We fe ar we’ll be disruptive.Strangers are inherently __8__ to us, so we are more likely to feel __9__ when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances. To avoid this uneasiness, we __10__ to our phones. “Phones become our security blanket,” Wortmann says. “They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more __11__.”But once we rip off the bandaid, tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up, it doesn’t__12__ so bad. In one 2011 experiment, behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a __13__. They had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow __14__. When Dr. Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to __15__ how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their __16__ would be more pleasant if they sat on their own,” The New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didn’t expect a positive experience, after they __17__ with the experiment, “not a single person reported having been embarrassed.”__18__, these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those without communication, which makes absolute sense, __19__ human beings thrive off of social connections. It's that __20__: Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.1.[A]ticket [B]permit [C]signal [D]record2.[A]nothing [B]little [C]another [D]much3.[A]beaten [B]guided [C]plugged [D]brought4.[A] message [B]code [C]notice [D] sign5.[A]under [B]beyond [C]behind [D]from6.[A] misinterpreted [B]misapplied [C]misadjusted [D] mismatched7.[A]fired [B]judged [C]replaced [D]delayed8.[A]unreasonable [B]ungrateful [C]unconventional [D]unfamiliar9.[A]comfortable [B]anxious [C]confident [D]angry10.[A]attend [B]point [C]take [D]turn11.[A]dangerous [B]mysterious [C]violent [D]boring12.[A]hurt [B]resist [C]bend [D]decay13.[A]lecture [B]conversation [C]debate [D]negotiation14.[A]trainees [B]employees [C]researchers [D]passengers15.[A]reveal [B]choose [C]predict [D]design16.[A]voyage [B]flight [C]walk [D]ride17.[A]went through [B]did away [C]caught up [D]put up18.[A]In turn [B]In particular [C]In fact [D]In consequence19.[A]unless [B]since [C]if [D]whereas20. [A]funny [B]simple [C]logical [D]rare Section II Reading ComprehensionPart A:Directions:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET I. (40 points)Text1A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys, people are actually more stressed athome than at w ork. Researchers measured people’s cortisol, which is a stress marker, while they were at work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge.“Further contradicting conventional wisdom, we found that women a s well as men havelower levels of stress at work than at home,” writes one of the researchers, Sarah Damaske. In fact women even say they feel better at work, she notes. “It is men, not women, who report being happier at home than at work.” Another sur prise is that the findings hold true for both those with children and without, but more so for nonparents. This is why people who work outside the home have better health.What the study doesn’t measure is whether people are still doing work when they’re at home, whether it is household work or work brought home from the office. For many men, the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home, they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home, they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the blurring of roles, and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace in making adjustments for working women, it’s not surprising that women are more stressed at home.But it’s not just a gender thing. At work, people pretty much know what they’re supposed tobe doing: working, marking money, doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income. The bargain is very pure: Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola.On the home front, however, people have no such clarity. Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be done, there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to be talked into it, or if they’re teenagers, threatened with complete removal of all electronic devices. Plus, they’re your family. You cannot fire your family. You never really get to go home from home.So it’s not s urprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the tasks apparently infinite, the co-workers are much harder to motivate.21. According to Paragraph 1, most previous surveys found that home _____.[A] was an unrealistic place for relaxation[B] generated more stress than the workplace[C] was an ideal place for stress measurement[D] offered greater relaxation than the workplace22. According to Damaske, who are likely to be the happiest at home?[A] Working mothers.[B] Childless husbands.[C] Childless wives.[D] Working fathers.23. The blurring of working women's roles refers to the fact that _____.[A] they are both bread winners and housewives[B] their home is also a place for kicking back[C] there is often much housework left behind[D] it is difficult for them to leave their office24. The word “ moola” (Line 4, Para. 4) most probably means _____.[A] energy[B] skills[C] earnings[D] nutrition25. The home front differs from the workplace in that _____.[A] home is hardly a cozier working environment[B] division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut[C] household tasks are generally more motivating[D] family labor is often adequately rewardedText 2For years，studies have found that first-generation college students – those who do not have a parent with a college degree – lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created “a paradox” in that recruitingfirst-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close” an achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting that an approach (which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap (measured by such factors as grades) between first-generation and other students.The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findings are based on astudy involving 147 students (who completed the project) at an unnamed private university. First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree. Most of thefirst-generation students (59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants, a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need, while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students with atleast one parent with a four-year degree.Their thesis – that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact – was based onthe view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students. They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap.Many first-generation students “struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education, learn the ‘rules of the game,’ and take advantage of college resources,” they write. And this becomes more of a problem when colle ges don’t talk about the class advantages and disadvantages of different groups of students. Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students’ educational experience, many first-generation students lack sight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students like them can improve.26. Recruiting more first-generation students has _____.[A] reduced their dropout rates[B] narrowed the achievement gap[C] missed its original purpose[D] depressed college students27. The authors of the research article are optimistic because _____.[A] the problem is solvable[B] their approach is costless[C] the recruiting rate has increased[D] their finding appeal to students28. The study suggests that most first-generation students _____.[A] study at private universities[B] are from single-parent families[C] are in need of financial support[D] have failed their college29. The authors of the paper believe that first-generation students_____.[A] are actually indifferent to the achievement gap[B] can have a potential influence on other students[C] may lack opportunities to apply for research projects[D] are inexperienced in handing their issues at college30. We may infer from the last paragraph that _____.[A] universities often reject the culture of the middle-class[B] students are usually to blame for their lack of resources[C] social class greatly helps enrich educational experiences[D] colleges are partly responsible for the problem in questionText 3Even in traditional offices, “the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-br ained than it was 20 years ago,” said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn. She started spinning off examples. “If you and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990, we would see much less frequent use of terms like journey, mission, p assion. There were goals, there were strategies, there were objectives, but we didn’t talkabout energy; we didn’t talk about passion.”Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very “team”-oriented — andnot by coincidence. “Let’s not forget sports — in male-dominated corporate America, it’s still a big deal. It’s not explicitly conscious; it’s the idea that I’m a coach, and you’re my team, and we’re in this together. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies, bu t most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win.”These terms are also intended to infuse work with meaning — and, as Khurana points out, increase allegiance to the firm. “You have the importation of terminology that hi storically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations: terms like vision, values, passion, and purpose,” said Khurana.This new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance. The “mommy wars” of the 1990s are still going on today, prompting arguments about why women still can’t have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg’s Lean In, whose title has become a buzzword in its own right. Terms like unplug, offline, life-hack, bandwidth, and capacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home. But if your work is your “passion,” you’ll be more likely to devote yourself to it, even if that means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed.But this seems to be the irony of office speak: Everyone makes fun of it, but managers love it, companies depend on it, and regular people willingly absorb it. As Nunberg once said, “You can get people to think it’s nonsense at the same time that you buy into it.” In a workplace that’s fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning, office speak can help you figure out how you relate to your work — and how your work defines who you are.31. According to Nancy Koehn, office language has become ______.[A] more emotional [B] more objective[C] less energetic [D] less strategic32. “Team”-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to ______.[A] historical incidents [B] gender difference[C] sports culture [D] athletic executives33. Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to ______.[A] revive historical terms [B] promote company image[C] foster corporate cooperation [D] strengthen employee loyalty34. It can be inferred that Lean In ______.[A] voices for working women[B] appeals to passionate workaholics[C] triggers debates among mommies[D] praises motivated employees35. Which of the following statements is true about office speak?[A] Managers admire it but avoid it.[B] Linguists believe it to be nonsense.[C] Companies find it to be fundamental.[D] Regular people mock it but accept it.Text 4Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs the Labor Department reported for June, alongwith the drop in the unemployment rate to 6.1 percent, as good news. And they were right. Fornow it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace. We still have a long way to go to get back to full employment, but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace. However, there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked.There was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time. This figure is now 830,000 (4.4 percent) above its year ago level.Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare, it is worth making an important distinction. Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs. They takepart-time work because this is all they can get. An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in the labor market and it means that many people will be having a very hard time making ends meet.There was an increase in involuntary part-time in June, but the general direction has been down. Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession, but it is down by 640,000 (7.9 percent) from its year ago level.We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because people tell us. The survey used by the Labor Department asks people if they worked less than 35 hours in the reference week. If the answer is “yes”, they are classified as working part-time. The survey asks whether they worked less than 35 hours in that week because they wanted to work less than full time or because they had no choice .They are only classified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours a week.The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare because one of the main purposes wasto allow people to get insurance outside of employment. For many people, especially those with serious health conditions or family members with serious health conditions, before Obamacare the only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance.However, Obamacare has allowed more than 12 million people to either get insurancethrough Medicaid or the exchanges. These are people who may previously have felt the need to get a full-time job that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families. With Obamacare there is no longer a link between employment and insurance.36. Which part of the jobs picture was neglected?[A] The prospect of a thriving job market.[B] The increase of voluntary part-time market.[C] The possibility of full employment.[D] The acceleration of job creation.37. Many people work part-time because they _____.[A] prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobs[B] feel that is enough to make ends meet[C] cannot get their hands on full-time jobs[D] haven’t seen the weakness of the market38. Involuntary part-time employment in the US_____.[A] is harder to acquire than one year ago[B] shows a general tendency of decline[C] satisfies the real need of the jobless[D] is lower than before the recession.39. It can be learned that with Obamacare, _____.[A] it is no longer easy for part-timers to get insurance[B] employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance[C] it is still challenging to get insurance for family members[D] full-time employment is still essential for insurance40. The text mainly discusses _____.[A] employment in the US[B] part-timer classification[C] insurance through Medicaid[D] O bamacare’s troublePart B:Directions:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph (41-45). There are two extra Subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) [A] You are not alone[B] Don’t fear responsibility for your life[C] Pave your own unique path[D] Most of your fears are unreal[E] Think about the present moment[F] Experience helps you grow[G] There are many things to be grateful forSome Old Truths to Help You Overcome Tough TimesUnfortunately, life is not a bed of roses. We are going through life facing sad experiences. Moreover, we are grieving various kinds of loss: a friendship, a romantic relationship or a house. Hard times may hold you down at what usually seems like the most inopportune time, but you should remember that they won't last forever.When our time of mourning is over, we press forward, stronger with a greater understandingand respect for life. Furthermore, these losses make us mature and eventually move us toward future opportunities for growth and happiness. I want to share these old truths I’ve learned along the way.41. ____________Fear is both useful and harmful. This normal human reaction is used to protect us bysignaling danger and preparing us to deal with it. Unfortunately, people create inner barriers with ahelp of exaggerating fears. My favorite actor Will Smith once said, “Fear is not real. It is a product of thoughts you create. Do not misunderstand me. Danger is very real. But fear is a choice.” I do completely agree that fears are just the product of our luxuriant imagination.42. _____________If you are surrounded by problems and cannot stop thinking about the past, try to focus on the present moment. Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious about the future. You may feel guilt over your past, but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstances you cannot change. Value the present moment and remember how fortunate you are to be alive. Enjoy the beauty of the world around and keep the eyes open to see the possibilities before you. Happiness is not a point of future and not a moment from the past, but a mindset that can be designed into the present.43. __________________Sometimes it is easy to feel bad because you are going through tough times. You can beeasily caught up by life problems that you forget to pause and appreciate the things you have. Only strong people prefer to smile and value their life instead of crying and complaining about something.44. _______________No matter how isolated you might feel and how serious the situation is, you should always remember that you are not alone. Try to keep in mind that almost everyone respects and wants to help you if you are trying to make a good change in your life, especially your dearest and nearest people. You may have a circle of friends who provide constant good humor, help and companionship. If you have no friends or relatives, try to participate in several online communities,full of people who are always willing to share advice and encouragement.45.___________________Today many people find it difficult to trust their own opinion and seek balance by gaining objectivity from external sources. This way you devalue your opinion and show that you are incapable of managing your own life. When you are struggling to achieve something important you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decision is the best. You live in your skin, think your own thoughts, have your own values and make your own choices.Section III Translation46. Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)Think about driving a route that’s very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips it’s easy to zone out from the actual driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.This is the well-travelled road effect: People tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down awell-known route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to it. So we assume it was shorter.Section IV Writing47. Directions:Suppose your university is going to host a summer camp for high school students. Write a notice to1) briefly introduce the camp activities, and2) call for volunteers.You should write about 100 words on the ANSERE SHEET.Do not use your name or the name of your university.Do not write your address. (10 points)48. Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your commentsYou should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案Section I: Use of English (10 points)1 - 5: CDCAC6 - 10: ABDBD11-15: AABDC16-20: DACBBSection II: Reading Comprehension (50 points)21-25: DBACB26-30: CACDD31-35: ACDAD36-40: BCBBA41-45: DEGACSection III :Translation (15 Points)不妨想想在一条熟悉的道路上开车行驶。
研究生英语口语期末考试对话
1.Do you think it’s necessary for a person to have ambition? Why orwhy not?Xiao: Hey, buddy. Do you think it’s necessary for a person to have ambition?Chen: ambition? Oh ,yeah, I think so. Ambition can make you succeed and make your life direction, it can give you power to pursue good life. As we all know, ambition is the basis and the source of success, which signs how a person will go. How do you think?Xiao: I very much agree with you. Ambition is a person’s hope, it makes our life meaningful. people ha ve ambition is good, but it’s important to maintain a healthy balance. Ambition does not mean to become the best, as long as it can motivate us to achieve the purpose. Chen:The content of ambition is not important, it is important that the ambition makes you better.Xiao: Therefore, we should not think our ambition has little significance because of our own ambition is small; we must stick to it, and strive to achieve it.Chen: You say very great, very pleased to have the opportunity to explore this topic with you, thank you.Xiao: I am also very pleased.2.Who plays a crucial role in your life? In what way? pleasewell-organize your ideas and support them with examples.Xiao: Hey, buddy. I want to ask you a question. Who plays a crucial role in your life?Chen: I have met many different and interesting people who have played important roles in helping me shape my personality and who have even caused significant changes in my life. But to me, my father is the most important person in my life. How about you? Xiao: In my opinion, my math teacher plays the most important role in my life. She was my middle school teacher, and she taught me a lot of things without book. What kind of person is your father? Chen: In my memory, my father is kind but strict. If I did something wrong, he would point it out directly and ask me to make sure never do it again. My father is a man of few words; he often doesn’t say any word with me in my life. But when I meet troubles, he always helps me do his best.Xiao: Yes, your father is very great. I began to like math when I entered the middle school. I owed it to my mach teacher; she has stimulated my great interest in learning math and then influenced my future. She showed great love to us, she treated us equally.Chen: We really should reward those who play an important role in our life. As my father taught me people must know thanksgiving.Xiao: Yes, very pleased to have the opportunity to explore this topic with you, thank you.Chen: I am also very pleased.3.As long as our basic needs are met, extra money will not make youhappier. Do you agree with it?Xiao: Hey, buddy. Today let’s talk about the topic of happiness. As long as our basic needs are met, extra money will not make you happier. Do you agree with it?Chen: Yes, I agree. Some people think money means happiness, so they try to make more money. However, when they get the money , they don’t feel happy. Happiness can not be measured by money. Xiao: Yes, people think money is slightly important, but it’s not nearly as important as happiness. Nowadays, although our lives changed for the better, but we don’t happy.Chen: What plays an important role in happiness? You think. Xiao: In my opinion, health plays an important role in happiness. I think only a strong man can enjoy the pleasure of life. Health is the premise of all, if you don’t have a good body; you will no chance to enjoy the wonderful life. So let’s do some exercise every day. How about you?Chen: I think satisfaction plays an important role in happiness. Sometimes happiness is very simple. A cat eats its fish, a dog enjoysits meat, and a child sees the Ultra man fights monster! All of these make them happiness. As long as you have a content heart you will get happiness.Xiao: Therefore, money is not the most important; the key is we have a happiness heart.Chen: Yes, very pleased to have the opportunity to explore this topic with you, thank you.Xiao: I am also very pleased.4、Do you believe that the ordinary person is happy or unhappy? Why?Chen: Hey, buddy. Today let’s talk about the topic of happiness. Do you believe that the ordinary person is happy or unhappy?Xiao: I believe they are happy. In fact, happiness is very simple. A cat eats its fish, a dog enjoys its meat, and a child sees the Ultra man fights monster! All of these make them happiness. As long as you have a content heart you will get happiness.Chen:Yes, I agree. Some people think money means happiness, so they try to make more money. However, when they get the money , they don’t feel happy. Happiness can not be measured by mon ey. Xiao: In my opinion, health plays an important role in happiness. I think only a strong man can enjoy the pleasure of life. Health is the premise of all, if you don’t have a good body; you will no chance toenjoy the wonderful life. So let’s do some ex ercise every day. The ordinary person who has a healthy body is happy.Chen: That’s right.Happiness is a mysterious thing on earth. Everyone wants to get it, but only few people can get it. We should not just pursuit money and success, they don’t the reall y happiness. We should create happiness in our life. Life is short; we don’t make ourselves so tired.Xiao: Yes, very pleased to have the opportunity to explore this topic with you, thank you.Chen: I am also very pleased.5、In your opinion, what is the most important characteristic (for example, honesty, intelligence, and a sense of humor) that a person can have to be successful in life? Use specific reasons and examples from your experience to explain your answer.A: Hi , chen, good afternoon , long time no see .B: Hey , buddy. How are you ?A: I am fine . Thanks . What about you ?B: Me too. I just read a book nowadays ,it’s about the successful’scharacteristic . I was very impressed with a question whatcharacteristic do you think is crucial to people’s success.A: Oh , this is a good question. In my mind , being interested in what you are doing and having a definite goal knowing what to do nextis very important .When I was in middle school and high school ,I did much better in Math than the other sub jects that I didn’t show mucn interesting in.B: I agree with you .And I also think persistence is very importantto success. When you give up you will feel pity, insist on asecond, sometimes maybe you will be successful. Anything, tillthe moment you stop trying, nothing is really over.A: Yes. Just like every day in the morning drink a glass of water , persist to the early to bed and early to rise, insist on running, a short period of time may not have any special role, stick to do it then we will find it is good for the body.B:I can’t agree with you more. Some people think intelligence is themost important thing for success in doing anything .wheneverthey are not willing to efforts to do something ,they will say I'mnot intelligence enough, I can't do.A: Yep. Sorry , my professor said there will be a meeting. I have to go .It’s a nice discuss, see you next time .B: see you .6、Hardship is always a bad thing. Do you agree or disagree? And why? A: Hi , chen, good afternoon , long time no see .B: Hey,buddy. How are you ?A: I am fine . Thanks . What about you ?B: Me too. I saw a movie yesterday ,it’s about hardship. I was veryimpressed with a question how do you think about hardship,do you think it is always a bad thingA: Oh , this is a good question. In my mind , Although hardship may let we feei very painful, may let we have a lot of stress, and even let we feel overwhelming, but after this, will make us stronger.B: I can't agree with you more. Earlier this year, I was refused to enter the school I applied. Those time was really painful, I didn't want to go out every day, didn't want to have meals and also could not sleep.Then I came to this school, have had a very good time. After these, also become more strongA:How do you go through those hardship days?B:When I feel very painful, I will look for a person to say, also willcry, sometimes listen to the song and see a comedy movie.A: Comedy movie is a good choice ,when I was in a bad mood, and feel depressed. I while go out for a walk or go out to ride a bike around, then the mood will be much better.B:I agree with you . Stay at home is easy to wander.A :And when In a bad mood, it is batter not to listen to a sad song, it can let the mood more bad, it is best to listen to something positive.B: yep. And the next time you're in a bad mood also can say to me.This is a very pleasant meeting, see you next time .A: see you.7、How do you define winners and losers in life?A: Hi , chen, good afternoon , long time no see .B: Hey,buddy. How are you ?A: I am fine . Thanks . What about you ?B: Me too. I saw a movie yesterday ,it’s name is <<The Pursuit ofHappiness>> . I was very impressed with a question how do youdefine winners and losers in life?A: Oh , this is a good question. In my mind , the definition of success to different people is difference . To ordinary people ,commonplace life is the true happiness . They think that simply life is more important than other things . They can find happy and satisfaction from tiny things . Can we say that they are not successful is the losers ? I do not think so .B: yep . Sometimes you are right . But to someone who wants toget succeed is exactly the opposite . They not satisfied to live acommon environment , they wanted a rich life which includebig house and expensive cars and so on.A: Which idea do you agree?B: I agree the first one . Success in substance does not necessarily equal the winner.A: I don’t agree .I believe that success is to determine winners andlosers standards. A successful person can be called the winner .B：I think you said it also have reason .This is a very pleasant meeting, see you next time .A: see you .8. What personality factors can you find in happy people?A: Hi , chen, good afternoon , long time no see .B: Hi , idol. How are you ?A: I am fine . Thanks . What about you ?B: Me too. yesterday we went to a class, is about happiness .I was very impressed with a question What personality factors you think is necessary for ahappy people.There are a lot of happy people around us. What personality factors can you find about them.A：I think the most is that they often smile. They have a very positive and optimistic attitude towards life.When we are together with them, we can easily affected by their positive energy.B:Yes, they are easy to infect the happy mood to us.A:At the same time, they also have self-regulation. When encountering unhappy things, they can quickly vent the mood or adjust it.For example, when they meet some unhappythings, they will turn their attention to other things or they will be happy to do somehings that can make them happy , such as singingB:yes,you are right.However, I think the most important quality is that they are very easy to satisfy, and does not pay attention to gain and loss.A:I agree with you .Too much attention to gain and loss will also lose oneself to be free, and want more, afraid lose again , pursuing the pursuit of forever.We can learn from them about this attitude.B:Okey.I am so happy to do this. First of all,we should get along with them a lot, get some positive energy. see you nexttime .A: see you .My topic:HappinessGood afternoon, everyone. Today my topic is happiness. Happiness has no shape, no color and no weight. It can’t be seen or touched. But everyone wants it very much. In my opinion, happiness is a felling; it is not how much you have. Many people think that when they become rich and successful, happiness will naturally follow. The fact is not so.In my opinion, health plays an important role in happiness. I think only a strong man can enjoy the pleasure of life. Health is the premise of all, if you don’t have a good body; you will no chance to enjoy the wonderful life.I think satisfaction plays an important role in happiness. Sometimes happiness is very simple. A cat eats its fish, a dog enjoys its meat. All of these make them happy. As long as you have a content heart you will get happiness.Happiness is a mysterious thing on earth. Everyone wants to getit, but only few people can get it. We should not just pursuit money and success, they don’t the really happiness. We should create happiness in our life. Life is short; we don’t make ourselves so tired.。
北科大英国文学本科生2015-2016学年第2学期期末考试A含答案(内部资料,考研必备)
装订 线 内 不 得 答 题自觉遵守考试规则，诚信考试，绝不 作弊4). As tho' to breath were life. Life piled on life.__________________________Little remains: but every hour is savedFrom that eternal silence, something more,_____________of new things; and vile it were.For some _____________________________,And this gray spirit yearning in desire._____________________________________,_____________________________________.II. Please do as you are required: (18)1). Name three representative works written by Thomas Hardy:_______________ _____________________ __________________;Two works written by Percy Shelley: __________________ ______________2) Name two modern novelists whose works had been forbidden for decades:_______________,____________________;3) Name two poets who used the dramatic monologues in the 19th c:______________ _________________; and their representative works are respectively ________________ ________________.4) Name two English novels recording the growing up experience of young men:________________________ _______________________ ;5) Name two events in the social background of English Romantic Literature_______________, _____________6) In the Victorian Age, the most influential philosophy of the period is _____________; ahighly significant book published in 1859 is ____________’s _____________, which made science come to the forefront in the debate against the church.III. From which works do the following lines come? And who are their authors? (32) 1). Until, the breath of this corporeal frameAnd even the motion of our human bloodAlmost suspended, we are laid asleep ………2). Higher and higher every day,Till over the mast at noon —The Wedding-Guest here beat his breast,For he heard the loud bassoon.3). Sometimes I feel it coming all the same. Then I go all queer. (He takes off his hat, peersinside it, feels about inside it, shakes it, puts it on again.)4). Three fields to cross till a farm appears;A tap at the pane, the quick sharp scratchAnd blue spurt of a lighted match,And a voice less loud, through its joys and fears.5). He knows nothing and he thinks he knows everything. That points clearly to a politicalcareer. Get him a private secretaryship to someone who can get him an Under Secretaryship; and then leave him alone. He will find his natural and proper place in the end on the Treasury Bench.6). But O ! how oft,How oft, at school, with most believing mind,Presageful, have I gazed upon the bars,To watch that fluttering stranger! and as oftWith unclosed lids, already had I dreamtOf my sweet birthplace, and the old church-tower,7). A voice so thrilling ne’er was heard,In spring-time from the Cuckoo-bird,Breaking the silence of the seasAmong the farthest Hebrides.8). My love for Y is like the foliage in the woods. Time will change it, I’m well aware, as winterchanges the trees. My love for X resembles the eternal rocks beneath — a source of little visible delight, but necessary.9). "Did they sacrifice to God here?" asked she."Yes," said he."Who to ?""I believe to the sun. That lofty stone set away by itself is in the direction of the sun, which will presently rise behind it."10). The government of your country! I am the government of your country: I , and Lazarus. Doyou suppose that you and half a dozen amateurs like you, sitting in a row in that foolish gabble shop, can govern me and Lazarus? No, my friend: you will do what pays us. You will make war when it suits us.11). She hadA heart – how shall I say? – too soon made glad,Too easily impressed: she liked what’erShe looked on, and her looks went everywhere,12). ―She is one of those who will want to suck a man’s soul out till he has none of his ownleft,‖ she said to herself; ―and he is just such a gaby as to let himself to be absorbed. She will never let him become a man; she never will.‖13). The voice I hear this passing night was heardIn ancient days by emperor and clown:Perhaps the self-same song that found a pathThrough the sad heart of Ruth, when, sick for home …14). Every morning I lay on the floor in the front parlour watching her door. The blind waspulled down to within an inch of the sash so that I could not be seen. When she came out on the doorstep my heart leaped.15) My babe so beautiful ! it thrills my heartWith tender gladness, thus to look at thee,And think that thou shalt learn far other lore,And in far other scenes !16) The poetry of earth is never dead:When all the birds are faint with the hot sun,And hide in cooling trees, a voice will runFrom hedge to hedge about the new-mown mead;IV. Answer the questions to the texts provided or do as you are required:(30)1). It little profits that an idle king, (5)By this still hearth, among these barren crags,Matched with an aged wife, I mete and doleUnequal laws unto a savage race ,That hoard, and sleep, and feed, and know not me.Question:a) Explain the words in black.b) What is the speaker’s attitude towards his life as a king?2). Though changed, no doubt, from what I was when first (11)I came among these hills; when like a roeI bounded o’er the mountains, by the sidesOf the deep rivers, and the lonely streamsWherever nature led: more like a manFlying from something that he dreads, than oneWho sought the thing he loved.…The sounding cataractHaunted me like a passion. The tall rock,The mountain, and the deep and gloomy wood,Their colors and their forms, were then to meAn appetite; a feeling and a love,That had no need of a remoter charm,By thought supplied, nor any interestUnborrowed from the eye. — That time is past,… other giftsHave followed; for such loss, I would believe,Abundant recompense. For I have learnedTo looked on nature, not as in the hourOf thoughtless youth; but hearing oftentimesThe still, sad music of humanityQuestions:a) What is the poet’s feeling about nature in his childhood, youth and as a man?b) What does the "abundant recompense" mean?3). Darkling I listen; and for many a time (10)I have been half in love with easeful Death,Called him soft names in many a mused rhyme,To take into the air my quiet breath;Now more than ever seems it rich to die,To cease upon the midnight with no pain,While thou art pouring forth thy soul abroadIn such an ecstasy!Still wouldst thou sing, and I have ears in vain---To thy high requiem become a sodQuestion: Please translate the poem here into Chinese. 4). Make me thy lyre, even as the forest is: (4)What if my leaves are falling like its own?The tumult of thy mighty harmoniesWill take from both a deep autumnal tone,Sweet though in sadness. Be thou, Spirit fierce,My spirit! Be thou me, impetuous one!Question: Paraphrase the two sentences underlined.A卷北京科技大学2015—2016学年度第 2 学期英国文学史与选读（II）试题答案及评分标准I. Fill in the blanks with the original words: （20 ）1). The day is come when I again repose_Here, under this dark sycamore, and viewThese plots of cottage-ground, these orchard-tufts,Which at this season, with their unripe fruits,Are clad in one green hue, and lose themselves'Mid groves and copses. Once again I seeThese hedge-rows, hardly hedge-rows, little linesOf sportive wood run wild: these pastoral farms,Green to the very door;2). I can give not what men call love;But wilt thou accept notThe worship the heart lifts aboveAnd the heavens reject not, -The desire of the moth for the star,Of the night for the morrow,The devotion to something afarFrom the sphere of our sorrow?3). The comrade of thy wanderings over heaven,As then, when to outstrip thy skiey speedScarce seem'd a vision—I would ne'er have strivenAs thus with thee in prayer in my sore need.O! lift me as a wave, a leaf, a cloud!I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!4). As tho' to breath were life. Life piled on life.Were all too little, and of one to meLittle remains: but every hour is savedFrom that eternal silence, something more,A bringer of new things; and vile it were.For some three suns to store and hoard myself,And this gray spirit yearning in desire.To follow knowledge like a sinking star,Beyond the utmost bound of human thought.II. Please do as you are required: (18)1). Name three representative works written by Thomas Hardy:The Return of the Native (The Mayor of Casterbridge) Tess of the D’urbervilles Jude the ObscureTwo works written by Percy Shelley: Ode to the West Wind, To the skylark2) Name two modern novelists whose works had been forbidden for decades:James Joyce, D. H. Lawrence;3) Name two poets who used the dramatic monologues in the 19th c:Robert Browning, Tennyson; and their representative works are respectively My Last Duchess, Ulysses.4) Name two English novels recording the growing up experience of young men:Oliver Twist, David Copperfield, Great Expectations or . . .5) Name two events in the social background of English Romantic Literature theFrench Revolution, _Rousseau’s philosophy, (or Thomas Paine’s theory)6) In the Victorian Age, the most influential philosophy of the period is Utilitarianism; ahighly significant book published in 1859 is Charles Darwin’s The Origin of Species, which made science come to the forefront in the debate against the church.III. From which works do the following lines come? And who are their authors?(32)1) Wordsworth Tintern Abbey2) Coleridge The Ancient Mariner3) Samuel Beckett Waiting for Godot4) Robert Browning Meeting at Night5) Bernard Shaw Major Barbara6) Coleridge Frost at Midnight7) Wordsworth The solitary Reaper8) Emily Bronte Wuthering Heights9) Thomas Hardy Tess of the D’Urbervilles10) Shaw Major Barbara11) Robert Browning My Last Duchess12) Lawrence Sons and Lovers13) John Keats Ode to a Nightingale14) James Joyce Araby15) Coleridge Frost at Midnight16) John Keats On First Looking into Chapman’s HomerIV. Answer the questions to the texts provided or do as you are required:(30)1) Profits: of usemete and dole: measure and deal outhoard: hide moneyHis tone reveals his disdain for the uneventful life on the island compared with theadventures with his mariners outside.2) (仅作参考)a) In his childhood, he wandered in the world of mountains, rivers like a roe, followingthe call of nature, but not really understanding it. His feeling towards nature then was sometimes more a feeling of dread than that of love.In the years of youth, nature was the most beloved thing to him. The sounding cataract haunted him like a passion, which gave him a sensual delight. And what such things as the tall rock, the mountain, and the deep wood in nature arose in him was a strong desire, a feeling, and a love that lacked the depth and refinement of thought.In the third phase of adulthood, his perception of nature is deeper and more philosophical. About nature, he had lost the thoughtless joys and sensual delight in youth, but at the same time, he obtained a far greater reward now: he has learned to look at nature with more profundity, and nature appears to him like quiet, soothing music that has the power to purify and refine his soul. This is also the meaning of the word ―recompense‖.3). (仅作参考)我倾听黑夜，多少次我几乎爱上了逸谧的死亡，在如此多的沉思之韵中呼唤她轻柔的名，编织成歌，我无声的呼吸；现在她更加华丽的死去，在午夜不带悲伤的飞升，当你正向外倾泻灵魂这般的迷狂！你仍唱着，而我听不见，你那高昂的安魂曲对着一搓泥土。
期末口语考试最终版大英二
Unit 1 College CulturePart II Discussion:Please have a group discussion on the following topic:AR1:1. Today many people regard college as a means to an end, an opportunity to increase one's chances on the employment market. Do you agree that college is a means to an end? What do you think the purpose of a university education is?2. What are the strengths and weaknesses of today's young people in China compared with the previous generations?AR2:1. Compare the two passages in this unit. Decide the ideas they have in common, and which passage is more critical of today’s students. The writer says there are no inspirational characters or students today. Do you agree?2. What do you think today’s students in China have in common with the American students described in the passage? What can you find to criticize about students in China today? Would you like to be a student in the 1960s? Why or why not?Unit 2 Mixed feelingsPart II Discussion:Please have a group discussion on the following topic:AR1:1.What does the writer say about parental love in the text? What do you think ofparental love?2.Do you feel sympathy for the father whose son sacrificed his life for the country?Give your reasons.AR2:1. Please use examples to show your understandings of empathy and sympathyrespectively.2. Is it possible for a government to show empathy? What are the advantages anddisadvantages of doing so?Unit 3 Sporting LifePart II Discussion:Please have a group discussion on the following topics:AR1:1. What is the writer’s view on the soccer game? Do you agree? Why or Why not?2. Do you like any of the ball games? Why or Why not? Are you a fan of any of thesports stars? Do you think sports people are overpaid? Give your reasons.AR2:1. How did Denise Lewis feel before, during, and after her 800m race? Do you admireher success? Why or Why not?2. What was the original spirit of the Olympic Games? Why do you think people careso much about winning the Olympic medals?Unit 4 Crime WatchPart II Discussion:Please have a group discussion on the following topic:AR1:1. Imagine you’re meeting an old friend in twenty years’ time. How do you think you’ll have changed? What kind of life have you been leading?2. Is it morally acceptable for someone to report a friend to the police?AR2:1.What is identity theft? How can you protect your identity?2. Is information in books or newspapers more reliable than information on theInternet? Why or why not?Unit 5 Time offPart II Discussion:Please have a group discussion on the following topic:AR1:1. Who or what influences the way people spend their time off?2. Do you agree that leisure activities at present are more fun than those thirty yearsago?AR2:1. How do you understand the sentence “It is no use doing what y ou like; you have gotto like what you do”?2. What is your ideal work-and-pleasure-in-one job? Tell the importance of findingpleasure in what you do.Unit 6 The Secret Life of SciencePart II Discussion:Please have a group discussion on the following topic:AR1:1.Tell us about a lucky or unlucky experience you had or heard of.2.Do you think bad luck can be explained after reading the passage? Why or whynot?AR2:1.Can we take science fiction seriously? Or is it all nonsense? Please illustrate yourpoints by giving some examples.2.Is popular science well-liked in China? Why do you think popular science bookshave become best-sellers in Europe?。
研究生口语考试题目
WARM-UP QUESTIONS
How much free time do you have? What do you usually do in your free time? What do you dislike doing in your free time? If you had a lot of money, what would you do in your free time?
Frequent Expressions:
购物 6. I want to take the raincheck for the eggs. 7. I am sorry you are on the Cash Only Lane. 8. The price will go down. 9. We have a clearance sale today. 10. Can you give me the invoice?
Do you have a good balance between work/studying and free time? Do you try to keep in good shape? If so, how? If not, why not? What would you like to do but don’t have time to do?
much pain? And there are so many other
things to do in the evening. You can’t have
time to eat out or go to the movies. I can’t
imagine liking weight training more than a delicious Italian pizza! I go out for dinner or go to a movie with my friends almost every night. You must be too exhausted to do that kind of
北京科技大学研究生英语考试真题
2004/6 Listening Comprehension1. A. No women were allowed to take part in it.B.Women were only allowed to watch the Games.C.Unmarried girls were allowed to compete with men.D.Unmarried women were allowed to watch itsomewhere.2. A. She needs to buy new clothes.B.She cares a lot about what to wear.C.The man doesn't work hard enough.D.The man should buy some new ties.3. A. Takes a hot bath. B. Takes a long walk.C. Has a few drinks.D. Has more coffee.4. A. They have a very close relationship.B.They don't spend much time together.C.They are getting along with each other better.D. They are generally pretty cold to each other.5. A. His sixth sense told him.B.He is unskillful with his present job.C.His present job pays too little.D.His present job is too demanding.6. A. The accident caused injury or loss of life.B.Seven people were killed in the accident.C.Many people from other cars came to help.D. A lot of vehicles were involved in the accident.7. A. 2754201. B. 2645310.C. 2745301.D. 2654310.8. A. She had no chance to speak.B.She was speechless.C.She talked a lot to the star.D.She saw too many people around the star.9. A. Because it tells the truth most of the time.B.Because it provides a lot of information.C.B ecause it is the top one on the list of newspapers.D. Because it is an inside newspaper.10. A. Because other scientists had raised questionsabout these claims.B.Because some of its scientists had made falseclaims before.C.Because the claims were very important to thestudy of physics.D.Because some of its scientists published too manypapers a year.11. A. He made up false data in the experiment tosupport his new findings.B.He used information from previous work tosupport his new findings.C.He denied other scientists' involvement in hisexperiments.D.He was not productive in writing scientific papers.12. A. They dismissed all Mister Schon's publications.B.They asked Mister Schon to apologize to thepublic.C.They recalled Mister Schon's title as a Nobel Prizewinner.D.They removed Mister Schon from his position.13. A. The winner should write a report to the committeeof the foundation.B.The winner should report to the committee beforethey spend the money.C.The winner should not be a government official.D.The winner should be nominated by thefoundation's directors.14. A. For her achievements in environmental protection.B.For her achievements in developing computersoftware.C.For her achievements in developing warships.D.For her achievements in developing robots.15. A. He was recognized as a genius by the foundation'sdirectors.B.He helped the developing countries to fightagainst earthquakes.C.He helped the third world countries to developquickly.D.He ran a non-profit international organization.16.What did the several hundred college studentscompete to build recently in Washington D.C.? 17.Which department in the United States organized thecompetition?18.How many teams took part in the competition?19.How much did each team spend on equipment andother materials?20.What is the purpose of the competition?Transcript (Jun 20, 2004)1.A: I heard no women were allowed to take part in theOlympic Games in ancient Greece. Is that true? B: But somewhere unmarried girls were allowed to watch or even compete in the Games in those days.They could compete in a separate festival.Q: From this conversation what do we learn about Olympic Games in ancient Greece?1. A. No women were allowed to take part in it.B.Women were only allowed to watch the Games.C.Unmarried girls were allowed to compete with men.D.Unmarried women were allowed to watch itsomewhere.2.A: Now you are in the new company, you may needto buy some new clothes.B: As long as I work hard, nobody cares what I wear.But you may rethink your ties.Q: What does the woman mean?2. A. She needs to buy new clothes.B.She cares a lot about what to wear.C.The man doesn't work hard enough.D.The man should buy some new ties.3.A: What do you usually do when you feel tired?B: I usually listen to some classical music, or take a long hot bath. What about you?A: I usually relax with a few drinks or drink more coffee to keep myself going.Q: What does the woman usually do when she feels tired?3. A. Takes a hot bath. B. Takes a long walk.C. Has a few drinks.D. Has more coffee.4.A: How do you get along with your partner?B: Generally our relationship is pretty good but we both are aware of the importance of spending timealone.Q: What is the relationship between the man and his partner like?4. A. They have a very close relationship.B.They don't spend much time together.C.They are getting along with each other better.D.They are generally pretty cold to each other.5.A: It seems to me that you will switch to another job. B: How do you know?A: My sixth sense told me.B: You are actually right. I'm fed up with working anunskilled job for a minimum wage.Q: Why did the man want to change his job?5. A. His sixth sense told him.B.He is unskillful with his present job.C.His present job pays too little.D.His present job is too demanding.6.A: Did you watch the report about the accident indowntown?B: No. Where was it?A: It was on seventh street. It was a huge wreck and I saw a lot of ambulances at the scene.Q: What do we learn about the accident?6. A. The accident caused injury or loss of life.B.Seven people were killed in the accident.C.Many people from other cars came to help.D. A lot of vehicles were involved in the accident.7.A: Hello. My name is Nathaniel Mumford. I'm astudent of Professor Cohen's. May I speak to himplease?B: Oh, Professor Cohen is at a conference at the moment, but if you leave your phone number hemay call you back when he returns.A: My phone number is 2745301. Thank you for you help.Q: What is the phone number of the student?7. A. 2754201. B. 2645310.C. 2745301.D. 2654310.8.A: Did you speak to the famous star?B: I wanted to, but I was unable to speak when I wasface to face with him.A: Well, many people do that. Before they meet their favorite star they seem to have a lot to say. But when they actually meet them, they can't say anything. Q: What happened to the woman when she met the famous star?8. A. She had no chance to speak.B.She was speechless.C.She talked a lot to the star.D.She saw too many people around the star.9.A: Why are you so keen on this newspaper?B: It's really informative and it is the top one among those offering inside stories.Q: Why does the man like the newspaper?9. A. Because it tells the truth most of the time.B.Because it provides a lot of information.C.B ecause it is the top one on the list of newspapers.D.Because it is an inside newspaper.Mini-Talk OneInvestigators from Bell Labs Murray Hill, New Jersey have found that claims made by some scientists at the laboratory were not based on fact. The investigators dismissed results from a number of studies published between 1998 and 2001. Bell Labs appointed a committee to investigate the wrongdoing after other scientists raised questions about the claims. Some of the claims were once said to be major developments in the study of physics. They included a claim that scientists had created the smallest device to carry electric current ever made.The committee identified at least sixteen examples of scientific wrongdoing. It placed the blame on one Bell Labs physicist, Jan Hendrik Schon. Mr. Schon told the committee that he had no written records of the laboratory experiments. He also said much of the information in his computer had been destroyed.The investigators found that Mr. Schon used information from earlier work to support his findings. They said his did this without the knowledge of the other scientists involved in the experiments. The investigators noted that Mr. Schon and his group produced an average of one scientific paper every eight days. For most scientists, a few papers a year is considered productive.After the committee's report was released, Bell Labs immediately dismissed Jan Hendrik Schon from his position. He was once thought to be a future Nobel Prize winner. After his dismissal, Mr. Schon admitted he had made mistakes in his scientific work. He said he regretted those mistakes.10.Why did Bell Labs appoint a committee to investigatesome of the claims made by its scientists?10. A. Because other scientists had raised questionsabout these claims.B.Because some of its scientists had made falseclaims before.C.Because the claims were very important to thestudy of physics.D.Because some of its scientists published too manypapers a year.11.What did the committee find out when theyinvestigated Mr. Schon?11. A. He made up false data in the experiment tosupport his new findings.B.He used information from previous work tosupport his new findings.C.He denied other scientists' involvement in hisexperiments.D. He was not productive in writing scientific papers.12.What did Bell Labs do after the committee's reportwas released?12. A. They dismissed all Mister Schon's publications.B. They asked Mister Schon to apologize to the public.C. They recalled Mister Schon's title as a Nobel Prizewinner.D.They removed Mister Schon from his position.Mini-Talk TwoThe MacArthur Fellowship is a program that honors individual men and women for their creativity. American businessman John MacArthur used his own money to establish the MacArthur Foundation in 1970. It began to operate after he died eight years later.To be considered for the award, a person must be nominated. And they should not hold an elective or an appointed office in government.Each year, several hundred people are appointed to propose nominations. A twelve-member committee studies information about those nominated to identify the great creativity in their work and proposes winners to the foundation's directors. The foundation does not require or expect reports from individual winners. It also does not ask them how the money will be used.Six hundred and thirty-five MacArthur Fellows have been named since the program started in 1981. Between 20 and 30 winners are named each year.The twenty-four winners this year work in many different areas. They include scientists, writers, and musicians. Daniela Ruth is a professor in Dartmouth College in New Hampshire. She is a computer scientist who develops robots that change shape to deal with changes in their environment.Brian Tucker from California is another winner. Mr. Tucker is an earthquake expert. He is the president of a non-profit group called GeoHazards International. His group works for local officials in developing countries to make their areas safer against earthquakes. Mr. Tucker says that being recognized as a MacArthur Fellow will make a huge difference for his company.13.Which of the following is one of the requirements fora MacArthur Fellowship winner?13. A. The winner should write a report to the committeeof the foundation.B. The winner should report to the committee beforethey spend the money.C. The winner should not be a government official.D.The winner should be nominated by thefoundation's directors.14.Why was Daniela Ruth awarded this year'sMacArthur Fellowship?14. A. For her achievements in environmental protection.B. For her achievements in developing computersoftware.C. For her achievements in developing warships.D.For her achievements in developing robots.15.Why was Brian Tucker given this year's MacArthurFellowship?15. A. He was recognized as a genius by the foundation'sdirectors.B. He helped the developing countries to fight againstearthquakes.C. He helped the third world countries to developquickly.D.He ran a non-profit international organization.Section CExperts say in the near future, many houses in the United States will be powered by energy from the sun. Many people in Washington D.C., recently were able to see what some of those homes might look like. Several hundred college students from across the country took part in a competition to see who could build the best solar-powered house. The United States Department of Energy organized the competition.Students from fourteen colleges and universities took part in this Solar Home Competition. Student teams competed in a series of ten contests to see who could design, build and operate the best house powered only by the sun. The solar homes were built on the National Mall, the grassy open area between the United States Capitol building and the Washington Monument. The solar houses were set up in the middle.Each team included at least twenty students of design, architecture and building sciences. The students gained the money to buy equipment and materials for their house.Each house cost as much as $250,000 to build.A solar-powered house has a roof designed to take in the heat of the sun and change it to energy. That power is then stored in a battery bank which supplies power to the whole house.As part of the competition, the teams were expected to spend most of the day in their homes doing normal activities. The activities used electricity powered by the sun. For example, the students cooked food, used computers, operated lights and washed clothes in machines. They even drove around the solar village in electric cars powered by a solar battery. The competition is designed to show Americans that solar energy works, because the use of solar energy in the United States is less than in other parts of the world. Only about 20,000 American homes are solar-powered.。
2015年北京科技大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研真题
2015年北京科技大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研真题1英汉词语互译埃博拉金砖国家亚太经合组织IPCC新常态abenomics.......2英译汉外国说中国政治体制不好，但实际证明中国政治体制很好3英译汉奥巴马在上海的演讲，截取了一部分4汉译英教师节，文化5汉译英和为贵，和而不同，横看成岭侧成峰※翻译技巧[6]成语、典故的翻译许多成语、典故蕴意很深，且含意与字面意相差甚远，译员如果处理不好，就有可能使听众"丈二和尚摸不着头脑"，不仅达不到讲话人所要表达的效果，且有可能适得其反。
一般情况下，在不影响理解的前提下，对成语、典故的翻译只要能表达出其主要意思即可，但若是语境中需要听众完全了解其字面意与蕴含意，就得解释一番了。
比如"塞翁失马"一般可以译成"Misfortune may prove a blessing in disguise."但在必要时，则可以简单讲一下这个典故："This is an allusion to a story popular for more than2,000years in China. It's about an old man at the frontier who lost his horse…"当然，还有一种比较理想的情况，就是译语中可以找到与原语相对应的表达法，这时，只要将其替代即可。
如"班门弄斧"与"to teach one's grandmother to suck eggs"，"半斤八两"与"six of one and half a dozen of the other"，"画蛇添足"与"to paint the lily"，等等。
※翻译技巧[7]浅谈定语从句的译法英汉两种语言的最基本的语序是SVO（subject+verb+object），但我们在翻译复杂句时，两种语言的语序所存在的差异则给翻译带来不少困难。
研究生英语口语考试问题及答案.(优选)
U.1.What is the best way to educate our children？Who gives them more influences, teachers or parents?Nowadays, more and more teachers focus on the education for their students, they are eager to find a best way to solve this problem, as well as the parents.Importantly, we have to consider the students themselves. What we do will benefit them?We must enhance their knowledge and wisdom to solve kinds of problems and questions, so if we want to educate for success, we must make sure that what the students need. Unlike the past days, nowadays the students not only need knowledge in book, but also need something innate. They need to study, and to study in a very healthway and with a very relax heart. Here we can get some information that is to give the students the knowledge and happiness both.I think that the parents are more influential than the teachers. The first reason is that it helps a student identify himself/herself through the parent‟s role modeling. Secondly, the parent‟s positive influence provides a secure environment for proper developmentof a student. Lastly, the importance of a parents influence on a student can be recognized by the impact it has on society.Unit1.2 Do you think it important to cultivate students’ creativity?I think it is important .The standardization of thinking is the leading factor that kills Chinese innovative thinking. American education focuses on cultivating self-confidence, and Chinese students often lack self-confidence. American students are often arrogant, and Chinese students are often humble. Education in the west is different from ours: it trains students' problem consciousness and critical thinking from primary school. but we often cultivate students' obedience to what the teacher says.Unit1 .3 What are the problems with the educational system of China? Is the system quality-oriented or test-oriented?In China, there are so many problems with the educational system. But the three problems about education must be paid much attention at least. Firstly, the entrance-exam problem, youngsters have to bury themselves in book stacks in order to pass the entrance exam, completely divorced from social reality. Secondly, the quality problem, there is no denying the fact what the students learn in university cannot meet the need of the rapid development society. Finally, the employment problem, as I have said in the above that the quality has declined, so high-education and employment are obviously incompatible. How to solve these problems? In my opinion, the governmentmust relax its unnecessary controls on the universities, and give schoolsfull autonomy to pilot their own reforms. Only in this can we solve the problem of education. In light of this, we can find that the educational system of China is thetest-oriented.Unit1,4What kind of teacher is an ideal one?can you describe a teacher who give you most influences? will you become a teacher when you finish your graduate program?Ideal teachers must be patient and they can express their own meaning clearly. They should have good professional knowledge about the course they teach and they like the course they teach. What‟s more, they can teach students in accordance of their aptitude The teacher is my Chinese teacher when I was in third grade. Sheknew our advantages and disadvantages, and she could praise and criticize us properly.I want to become a college teacher. Because college teachers‟ work has more free time, I can have more time to care for my family.Unit1 ,5Is it necessary for the graduating students to write and defend graduation theses?I think writing and defending graduation theses is necessary. Completing the graduation theses is the basic condition for college students to graduate.At the same time, defending graduation theses can urge the students to write their papers independently. So this is a meaningful learning process and a conclusion of what we have learned during the past four years. It can train and increase the ability to scientific research and cooperate with others. What‟s mo re, it also can improve work efficiency and let us feel the sense of responsibility. It is the key to open the door of our later success.Unit2,1In these days ,job hopping is avery common phenomenon.what are the reasons for the job_hopping?should stay in one career the whole life or change job frequentenly?I think the following factors contributing to people‟s job-hopping. First, when some employees suffer limitation in promotion and there is no space for them to develop, job-hopping becomes common like potluch. Second, some people are different, they are in the habit of job-hopping, for they always pursue what is new and stimulating. Finally, when you stay in one career for a long time, you will lose your interest. In my opinion, we should not change our job frequently. because every job is a chance for us to gain wider experience .And you will lose this opportunity if you change job frequently.If you change youjob,you would have to start all over again from the beginning.So ,you‟dbetter not change your job frequently.Unit2,2Do you want to be a small fish in a big pond or a big fish in a small pond?With the former, you can derive a deep sense of satisfaction from being a member of a well-known organization such as General Motors. You will have the opportunities of learning from experienced executives and knowing about the standard working process. There is no doubt that the experience here will widen your horizon and youwill gain access to the latest information which could help you enhance your competitiveness in your major. With the latter, you will have great responsibilities and your decision may bring immediate effect. Normally, you are exposed to various experiences and expected to do a great many things without much help or guidance. And here I can control more resources than what I can in big company. However, the mechanisms of small company lack of flexibility, which will hinder the people‟s promotion. Personally, I prefer to work in a big enterprise when I was young, because I could get a good position as long as I work hard.Unit 2 ,.3if you are a boss,do you like to recruit experienced people or green hands?If I am a boss,I am inclined to recruit those experienced ones . First of all, I think ,when faced the work , the experienced will be better to understand the process of the job, and complete the work more efficiently . As the saying goes, practice makes perfect. They may have new techniques and methods.Secondly, they know how to communicate and get along with related persons.This is good to fewer conflicts between employees. Finally , the company do not spend too much energy to train them,so they will be able to create value for the company when they entered the company.Unit2,4With the soring house price in big cities,would you still choose to work in first_tier cities upon grauation?No, I would not choose to work in first-tier cities upon graduation, although there are more working opportunities. The reasons are as follow. The first, the house price is so high that I can‟t afford it. The second, comparing with medium-sized cities, the living expenses in first-tier cities is much higher, the pace of life is much faster and the the living surroundings are worse. While in a medium-sized city, the living expenses is suitable, then I can save money. The living surroundings are more comfortable. The most important is that I will have more time with my family and more chances to display my potential. So, I prefer working in a medium-sized city.Unit3.1What are the usual / popular ways of getting refreshed?You can exercise all the time and sweat it out. Or have a good sleep. Listen to some relaxing music and talk to your family.Unit3.2Find out all the reasons why people spend so much time with their computer both atwork and at home.I think there are 3 reasons for the question. First, internet improves our life quality and work efficient. At work, we use computer to deal with files. For example, when we facea large amount of numbers, before the invention of computer, people must use pens, which spend a lot of time, but now we can do it by computer, maybe it just spend a few minutes. At home, we can buy everything through computer.Second, computer enhances the communication of people. At work, especially some international companies, people can talk with foreigners and make business bycomputer. At home, as we all know, parents are often on business trips, they can talk with their children face to face through computers; we can also acquire some latest news in the internet. Third, we use the Internet for entertainment and study, when we are tired, we open the computer, and find out some exciting programs, and then we will be happy. For the study, we can learn English, write thesis and look up data, and so on.That’s all.Unit 3,4what benefits can you derive from doing exercises regularly?Physical exercise can make people healthy. It can help people to postpone aging. exercise is beneficial to the growth of human bones and muscles. Psychologically: exercise has the function of regulating the tension of the human body, and can improve the physiological and psychological state and restore the strength and energy. exercise can improve the health of the body, make the tired body get a positive rest, so that people energetically put into study and work;stretch the body and mind, help to sleep and eliminate the pressure of reading5. What’s your favorite sport? And Why? / “What’s your hobby?As we all become health conscious, we realize the importance of strict and regular physical activity. Why so many people love exercise? Since it has many functions that are good and efficient for us. Firstly, it is good Swimming is a healthy low-lost activity that you can continue throughout you life. Swimming is a low-impact activity that has many physical and mental health benefits. I like swimming best, because swimming can help maintain a healthy weight, healthy hearts and lungs. Plus, its also an ability of surviving.4.11. How does modern technology bring an unprecedented change to people’s lives? The third technical revolution obviously brings an unprecedented change to peoples life. Digital has given rise to a variety of new technology. Factories are more effective with less workers. More and more smart machines are appearing, such as smart robot which can do some dangerous work and housework. The internet brings us a lot of conveniences. We can communicate with other easily no matter how far away from each other. Secondly we can get much information to tell us how interesting the world is. Even we don‟t go out home we can buy what we need on net. And so on. Our life will be better and better with advanced technology, such as clear energy and a better environment.Unite4.2. What can you do with your cell phone in your daily life?Mobile phones are becoming more and more widely used in daily life, not just on the phone. Mobile phones can also be used to watch news, watch programs, play games, pay, shopping online, etc.3. Talk about the merits and demerits of online shopping.1. The development of the Internet market is becoming more and more mature, with rich network resources and various kinds of commodities. The search function is powerful, i.e. the dot is available.2. There are various payment methods in the onlinemarket, which are not limited to bank card payment, cash payment, alipay, etc., and the security level is improved. 3. There is a massive online shopping website with promises of quality assurance, so long as Internet users choose a legitimate and legitimate website to network shopping, it must have benefited a lot. Disadvantages:You can't see the object.Although the goods are not satisfactory, we can refuse to accept them, but there is also a delay in the intangibles.Home delivery is subject to local restrictions and will be charged accordinglyUnit4.5. Can students play videogames? What are the disadvantages of playing video games?Videogames, as a popular way of entertainment, has largely changed our ways to spend our leisure time. But everything has two sides, we should coordinate it well so it can play a good important role in our development.Playing games may provoke our most powerful positive emotions. So as a student, when you are tired with study, you can have a rest by playing it, but not spend much more time on it. Because taking much time on it will play an opposite effect .As your tutor, I also want to tell you, if you are a person who is lacking of master yourself, you'd better not touch it.Unit5,2Why are both doctors and patients expressing their frustration? How can we improve doctor-patient relationship?Doctors always express their frustration because of thestrained relations between patients. Doctors complain that their salary are low and they are overworked in most time. However, patients insist that it is difficult to get a well treatment in hospital. The medicines is so expensive that they cannot afford them. In addition, doctors often take patients as experiment subjects, they prescribe excessivemedicines to patients in order to make money. Takinga look around, one can find numerous examples with ease, such as one doctor killed by his patient in Wenling Zhejiang province not long ago. The problem mentioned above is bound to generate dsevere consequences if we keep turning a blind eye. To my way of thinking, some measures must be taken to solve this problem. For one thing, It is essential that laws and regulations should be worked out and enforced to put an end to this trend, such as government makes some laws to forbid doctor to collect money from patients. For another, patients should aslogive more respect to doctors and coordinate with doctors during surgery. Only in this way, can we make the society more harmoniously.Unit5,3What are the positiv e and negative effects of china’s single child policy?In my view, there are many positive effects o f china’s single child policy. Fist it can reduce the pressure of employment. Because china has much people we cannot find a good job. Second it can do good for the environment. Much water is wasted and the air is polluted as people do not cherish. If people is less and less we will own enough water and air. Everything has two sides. Some negative effects are existed. The military powerwill be weaken. The single children will not understand the importance of sharing. Theywill have few friends and feel lonely. They will have much pressure to support their parents when they grow up.Unit5,4We have entered an age of ageing population. How and who to take good care of the elderly people?Nowadays, we have entered an age of ageing population, and how and who to take good care of the elderly people, which is a hot point that we are talking about resently. Considering the severity of issue, we have no choice but to take effective measure to deal with this problem. In my opinion, not onlythe son or daughterbut also the society have responsibility to take care of the elderly people. On the one hand, undoubtedly, according to some sociologist opinion, the elderly people are more eager to children's love. We are glad to see that the son and daughter should often go back home and make telephone calls to their parents. And they also should give money to their parents. Because they are too old to work, they can‟t make enough money to live. Moreover, when they are sick, they should take care and stay with them. On the other hand , there is no doubt that the government should improve the social welfare system ,raise the retirement age and set up many old people‟s home to guarantee the old people‟s life.So in a word, only in this way this bad situation can be solved.Unit 5 .5Nowadays, a buzzword “urban diseases” is frequently heard.What is meant by that? And what are the causes ang cures for those “illness”?I think “urban diseases” is about that more and more peo ple are flocking to the big cities, which has caused many problems like traffic jams ,environment pollutions and the declining feeling of happiness .such problems are even more serious in Beijing ,shanghai ,Shenzhen .most of the people like to live in the cities because the big city has more work opportunities, exciting life and a sense of urbanite ,besides ,the big city is good for children‟s education. This is what has caused the “ citydiseases ”.I think it is the time that w e should take some measures to handle with those problems. We should establish the proper value on big city .everywhere has its advantages and disadvantages. even the big city has its convenient ,it is also has its demerits. the living expenses is much higher,the pace of life is much faster ,its surroundings are worse and has more traffic congestion.I don’t like live into the big cite .I think the medium city like Qingdao ,Suzhou are very good, it can catch up with the big cities ,has many hot places for investment form both home and aboard ,lots of priority policies to attract talents ,and more chances to display one’s potential .besides, I can have more time to stay with my family .I enjoy the silent life and it can enhance my understanding of life .Unit6 ,1Should we limit the use of private cars in first tier cities to reduce caremissions?Beijing has been limited the private car by limiting its number in some appointed days However, as far as I see it, we should not put a limit on private cars in first-tier cities. First of all, the private car is a symbol of freedom and wealth. The private car has given us a freedom and convenience our ancestors could not dream of. We can travel to relatively remote places that it is hard to reachon foot or public transport rarely goes to. A car enables an individual or a family to travel at any time they wish. With a car there is no need to wait for the bus in the bitterly cold or under the scorching sun. Further more a c ar can serve as a symbol of one’s wealth, which makes him or her proud of his or her accomplishments and glorious past.Secondly, a car can make our work more efficient and life more convenient. Nowadaysmany Chinese can enjoy the comfort and luxury of owning a private car. Having a car of one’s own means no more traveling to work on crowded buses or subway trains; no more waste of time for waiting at the bus stop or train station. With a car one does not have to worry about the possible danger their child suffers when they are elbowing theirway through the crowd, instead they can drop off the children at school on the way to work. In the case of illness, the car takes its owner or other sick person to hospital without any delay. Last but not least, lifting bans on private cars will stimulate the automobile industry, which provides jobs for a large team of workers. Known as a sunrise industry, Chinese automobile industry needs strong and continuous fueling from domestic demand. If more people buy cars, the industry will embrace continued growth, thus contributing more to the national economy. Moreover, its growth will trigger the boom of related industries like iron and steel production and energy. In conclusion, theadvantages of private cars convince us that we should not put a limit on the number of private cars. What we should do at the moment is to perfect the transport infrastructure to ensure private cars to go faster and more safely.Unit6,2How can we strike a balance between economic development and environmental protection in poor areas?In the past thirty years, our country seen great development and thorough changes in the aspects of economy, society and construction. However, some problems, like environmental pollutions, appeared in some regions ,especially in poor areas. Therefore, balancing matual connection between economic improvement and environmental protection should be put on agenda immediately.On one hand, economic progress in some remote zones deserved to be focused on by our wise government and intelligent citizens, who should try their best to help the poor to pursue a better life. On the other hand, it is indeed essential to make a considerate combination between economy and surroundings for a profound and sustainable development, instead of just chase economic productivity and GDP .Only by these two can we help the poor areas to get on the path of getting rich and happy .Unit6 ,3It’s urgent for us to reduced our carbon footprint. What can we do to live a low carbon life?Now more and more people has realized that a low carbon life is related with daily life. we have to take some measures to reduce our carbon footprint. For government, they should take some policy to control the number of privated car. We should plant more trees to make the carbon absorbed. To our common people, we should ride bike or by bus to go to work other than driving privated car. We also should try to avoid using disposable tableware. We should reduce to use free or charge a plastic bag when we are going shopping. We should develop the habit of turning off electrical power to avoid wasting electricity. Trying to reduce to use refrigerators, air conditioners, fans, we can keep cool by using Pushan . Only in this way can we live a low carbon life and can we have a healthy life.Unit6,4 What is white pollution? how to deal with it?The so-called "white pollution" is a kind of appellation that plastic garbage pollutes environment. It is made of all kinds of life plastic products .That has caused urban severe environmental pollution phenomenon. The most polluted of white garbage is thewaste plasticbags. If we continue using plastic lunch boxes, shopping bags and other unrecyclable plastic products what would happen that one day they might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish To prevent this nightmare from coming true, governments need to work closely with each other and back up their verbal commitment by actions. However, it is not enough only to ask the government to get rid of white pollution, We must ask everybody beautification green earth instead of white.Unit 6,5How do you understand the role of forests playing in our planet?As we all know, forests always play an important role. Many scientists even regard the forests as the lungs of our earth. In my opinion ,forests help to clean the air. The plants ,as all kinds of trees ,can absorb most of carbon dioxide and at the same time ,they release the oxygen. It is a good way to plant forests to reduce the greenhouse gas. On the other hand,lacking of the protection of forests, many cities, like Beijing is under the threatening of the sand storm. Without doubts , if we plant more trees in the northwest of China,the environment of Beijing will be much better.All in all, the forests are irreplaceable in our planet.Unit7,1Are Chinese different from people of other cultures in the way of greeting and eating? Because of the different culture, I think we have some of different from other people. Firstly, in China, when two people greet each other we shake hands instead of hugging and kissing. Secondly, Food is a special phenomenon, people having knowledgeofFood from one side of the study of different cultural backgrounds, customs and historical environment by study. Western food culture in this thesis is mainly concerned with the British one due to the fact that its cultural pattern and influence have become dominant in the west, which is generally recognized by the world. Thirdly, Chinese people would like to take the style of “sharing” when they have adinner together, whether at home with family members or outside with friends. But in western food culture Western food culture is characterized by the “separated‟ style because of the great influence of the individualistic orientation. For example, westerners do not take the ts’ai dishes from the public plate, but have separate individual plates.Unit7,2What are some taboos or superstitions you know in Chinese culture and other cultures?What is superstition?A belief, practice, or rite irrationally maintained by ignorance of the laws of nature or by faith in magic or chance. Some Chinese taboos and superstitions: A baby with wide and thick ears will live prosperously. The luckiest number is eight because its pronunciation is like "prosper". The unluckiest number is four as it sounds like the Chinese word to death. A boy,preferably born indragon year, may roll over the newlywed's matrimonial bed, which will bring good luck and a baby boy to the couple.When your upper teethfalls down, you should throw it down. And if your lower teeth falls down, you must throw it overhead, maybe on the roof. When your left eye shocks, it means that something good will happen. Conversely, if your right eye shocks, perhaps you will be unlucky. If so many bad things happen to you recently, you could invite a wizard or witch to help you. Get a table and put some candles on it. Then the "GOD" you invited waves his/her wood sword and say some magic words, afterwards the bad things will get away from you. Some western taboos and superstitions: Jesus Christ died on Friday, while the number 13 is unlucky. The combination of people believe that the unfortunate things will happen that day. Friday and the number 13 represents thebad luck the last two unfortunate individuals together to form super-sad day. Therefore,no matter what the occasion of the 13th month on Friday called "Black." In England, black cats are regarded as lucky.If a black cat crosses your path, you will have good luck all day. But in other western countries, black cats are connected with witches or the devil. A leaning ladder was thought to resemble the gallows and so by walking underneath a ladder, you are playing out your own execution.3. Talk about the western and traditional Chinese wedding ceremonies and tell the differences.Unit7,4A Chinese-American mother who was called as “tiger mom” says American parents lack authority and produce entitled children who aren't forced to live up to their abilities. A Chinese man who is a father of four control every aspect of his children's lives. Ifthey failed to meet his standards, the children would be beaten with a feather duster. That’s why he named as “wolf dad”.What’s more, I don’t believing in “Spare the rod, spoil the child”. Does it mean a true success in parenting when your kids enter a famous university or get straight A at school? And does success equal happiness?Obviously no. A parent who can show a proper way of love will raise the happiest child in the world. The stories of the tiger mom and wolf dad, we can still feel their strong love for their kids. Love cannot exist without encouragement. A parent who never praises her/his child directly denies the easiest way to show love and to teach his/her child to love others. Love does not exclude reasonable criticism and punishment.5. What are some traditional virtues Chinese nation treasures? Are such virtues as filial piety and thrift (节约) still important today。
北京科技大学-研究生英语口试6题
1.What is Big Brother? Give an example. (Unit 1)Any person, organization, or system that seems to want to control people’s lives and restrict their freedom(a figure representing the oppressive control over individual lives exerted by the government)camera phone,bugs3.Why is it risky to have multiple procedures at once? Give an example. (Unit 3)Generally,Having multiple procedures not only prolongs recovery but also increases the time a patient is anesthetized.,which can be risky.James mccormick undergo multiple procedures ,and the next day,he was dead.4.Why is it bad for children to learn too much at an early age? (Unit 4) Through early childhood and into adolescence this timetable is significantly influenced by myelin.Current reaserch identifies that the escalation of myelin occeurs in various stages and there is actually a 100% increase in myelin during adolescence.In other words,the bulid-up and acquisition of myelin towards full brain maturation is more marathon than sprint and no measure of extra tuition or early training in any activity will influence this developmental timeline.5.Do you think that free online lectures will destroy universities? (Unit 5)Freely available online lectures and textbooks give universities the opportunity to reduce costs and increase quality,while focusing resources on what really matters:contact time between teaches and students. the simple fact is that the education most universities provide isn’t worth the money. if they don’t have world-class reputations-and only a few do-then need to change fast,or watch an exodus of students away to cheaper, better alternatives.8. Why are manners important in our daily life? Give an example. (Unit 8) If we want to be good ,we have to get into the habit of being good.Just think about the nicest people you know and most of the time you’ll discover that you regard for them is not based on their tireless work to eradicate world poverty, but a basic decency expressed through their everyday dealing with others.Wrong numbers; travelling right; good loving; new age; social work9. What is the main idea of the book Essay on the Principle of Population? (Unit 9)Human population, he observed, increases at a geometric rate, doubling about every 25 years if unchecked, while agricultural production increases arithmetically-much more slowly. Malthus thought such checks could be voluntary, such as birth control, abstinence, or delayed marriage--or involuntary, through the scourges of war, famine ,and disease.。
研究生英语口语期末考试(1)
Oral TestUnit 1Living a full lifeI think a good job is vital for everyone to live a full life. A good job is not only a source of income for daily necessities; it also brings out one’s potential. If one is good at his job, he can obtain personal satisfaction and a sense of accomplishment. It can help him to develop a good interpersonal relationship with his colleagues, which in turn adds to his confidence.A good appearance is essential for a full life. I have read a report about a girl who was extremely ugly. She went through hundreds of job interviews, but no company would give her an offer. As a young adult, she still had to depend on her parents. She had neither self-confidence nor income and she couldn’t pursue her hobby. You can image what a life she was leading. However, she was luckily, because after the news report, some kind people donated money to her for a plastic surgery so now she has a chance to get a decent job.I believe a happy family is the key to live a full life. You may have millions of dollars, and you may have a beautiful big house, but if there is no one to share with you the money and the house, what’s the meaning of life, not to mention a full life? When you are sick, it is your family who take care of you. When you are getting older, it is your family who stay with you.How to cope with sicknessDon’t isolate yourself; try to reach out to others;Stay as physically active as you can.Manage your breathing;Stick with your treatment plan.To change for the betterI think the writer means people change for the better in the sense that theybecome wiser and more tolerant, forgiving, grateful If they had troubled relationship in the past, now they are able to cope with them and bring peace to the relationships. They are more confident so they can handle anything that comes in their way. They can bring pleasure to other people as well.A built-in capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstancesI agree with the writer. Human beings have a tremendous potential in themselves that they may not recognize. The potential may never have a chance to be realized. But a crisis in life or a most difficult circumstance may trigger the potential and people will find themselves capable of more things. I once read a report about a nine-year-old boy who lived with his grandmother who is blind. His parents left him and never came back to see him. However, the boy was not only a good student at school; he also took good care of his grandmother on her little pension. He often went to school with an empty stomach, as he wanted to save the meal for his grandmother. It hard to imagine how a nine-year-old boy does all the homework, takes care of someone, and goes to school at the same time. It’s the circumstances that made him capable of doing so.What doesn’t kill you actually makes you strongerI think it is true that what doesn’t kill you actually makes you stronger. We have seen some cases in which some people were struck by misfortune and were never able to stand up again. They became hopeless and helpless. However, some other people became stronger once they came out of the misfortune. For instance, a strong earthquake hit Sichuan province of china. Thousands of people died, and many more got injured. But now people have re-established their families, built new houses and started their new life. The survivors eventually will become stronger than they were. Going through a very difficult situation and coming out as a better personYes, I have. When l first came to the university, I found I had a hard time understanding what a professors were saying in classes, especially in English classes because I left my ever university for seven years. I had so much pressure that I wanted to quit. Fortunately, my supervisor noticed the pressure that I was facing and he encouraged me to hold on. He also asked a upperclassman to help me with my study. Now I am a confident graduate student. I think with the past experience, I can handle any difficult situations. I am confident, optimistic and ready for any opportunities and challenges.Why do people take adventures or challenges, like extreme sports, to push themselves to limits and what can they obtain from these experiences?I think these people are born that way. They don’t like average life that everybody is leading and they expect themselves to be different from others. They want to do something special.Those are the people who know they have the potential to be the strong person, they take part in those activities just to prove to themselves or others that they are the best.Some people do this to attract the public attention for one purpose or another. Some of them are business people and they want the public to be aware of their products.These people have too much money and nothing else to do. They are bored with their life and nothing ordinary can arouse their interest. Only the extreme adventures can make them feel they are still alive.To develop a good mind a student must learn how to cultivate and develop a taste for learningI agree with the writer that to develop a good mind the student must learn how to cultivate and develop a taste for learning. To have a good mind, one must be educated. One must have a strong desire to learn new things and learn the right things, something that have a transfer value. He must learn things that will empower him with the faith in the future, and to be creative and flexible.Those learning experiences that have high transfer value to varied life situationsI think fine arts and literature have high transfer value. They give people hope, inspiration, imagination and faith. they can be applied to every aspect of life. They have the power to let people believe in themselves and hope for the best for the future. How important is one’s attitude to changes in his lifeOne’s attitude to changes is vital in his life. It affects his attitude toward his life, too. If he holds a favorable attitude to changes, he is an optimistic person and welcomes any change in his life. He is flexible, tolerant, and can cope with the unexpected. He would have sharp perceptual awareness and comprehend of more what he sees.What should be the role of schooling in one’s education?Which do you think is more important, higher education or job training?Which do you think is more important, a good heart or a good mind?Unit2Commercialization has not had a dramatic effect on the format and goals of most sportsEmphasizing on heroic orientations is to please naïve audiencesAre there any other things affected by commercialization? Give your examplesAthletes are paid too much, do you think so?What separates sport from art is the competition at its core. What do you think is the spirit of sport?Sports are often said to reflect the national character of a country. What is the character?I agree with the opinion. As to the character, I think it includes: humanity, fraternity, proficiency and diligent.I think martial arts can best reflect the “national character”of china. First, the sport has a long history in china. Second, it benefits our heath. Besides, the sport has built-in beauty.Why do you think they bid for the Olympics? What can the Olympics bring to the host city?Unit4Choose two of the inventions and talk about their importanceWe are not only we read, we are how we read.When we read online, we tend to become mere decoders of informationThe more we use the web, the more they have to fight to stay focused on long pieces of writingA form of skimming activityHow should the issue of copyright be dealt withIf you are still going to library, what kinds of books are you mostly likely to check out for careful reading? Why?I would like to read books about geography. For I currently major in Geographical Information Technology. I am very interested and do research in this field. Besides, the kind of books are very interesting, also benefits my future.The epoch in which we now live is faddish and superficial, do you think so?What do you think is the symbolic of the widening gap between the 20th century and the 21st century?We live in a technology infatuated society. Do you agree?Do you think science and technology is angel and monster? examples.If there is a time machine that enables you to choose any time to live will you choose to live at this age? Why?Unit5There is no possibility of the right man meeting the right woman. Do you agree?Can you analyze the inner feelings of the wife that led her to take such an action at the end?Do you think there could be a better way out?What do you think the story is trying to tell us?Unit6Migrant worker in chinaThe united state is a nation on the move, tell what the driving forces are behind this.In whose hands do you think the final success or failure a nation’s course rests the leaders of a country or its people? Why?Have you asked yourself what you can do for china?Would you want to changes places with any other people or live in another generation?Longing that overtakes me like a fast car on the free way and makes me willing to withstand a feeling of personal temporariness.Do you think he might benefit financially from moving around?What would be considered as the three worst things by Chinese people?Unit7Beauty is in the eye of the beholderBeauty is not in the face: beauty is a light in the heartBy plucking her petals, you do not gather the beauty of the flower.Beauty and folly are generally companions.Beauty that is merely the artificial shadow of these symptoms of health is intrinsically of poorer quality than the genuine article.For real is as much an affair of the inner as of the outer itself.All men and women will be beautiful only when the social arrangements give to every one of them an opportunity to live completely and harmoniously, do you think people will become beautiful eventually?Beauty is only skin deep, but ugly goes clear to the bone. Do you agree?Unit8Many species of wildlife are reported to have become extinct or to be on the verge of extinction. What do you think causes this problem?What measures should be taken to preserve the biodiversity of wildlife?Man and natureAs you know, nature is most important to human life. People depend on nature to live, and humans need fresh air, water and vegetables, which all comes from nature. Industry needs fuel and other raw materials, which also come from nature. What is more, humans also belong to nature, and are regarded as the highest natural form of life. As a consequence, if we destroy nature, to some extent, we diminish ourselves.What does the mountain think of the howl of a wolf? Why does the author think only the mountain can listen objectively to the howl?Too much safety seems to yield only danger in the long run. ExamplesWhy should we preserve biodiversity? What benefits can it bring about to human beings?Do you think it possible to strike a balance between ecological sustainability and the development needs of people?Later, I found that what I had feared and hated, I now fear and love. What leads to such dramatic change?Why was the author torn between past and present? Do you think many older people tend to have this kind of problem?What is the relationship between human and nature? How do they interact with each other?。
2015年12月专八口语口译含参考答案
2015年12月专八口语口译含参考答案第一篇：2015年12月专八口语口译含参考答案Speech of an international CEO at the provincial level forum in china Distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen，It is a great honor to be invited to speak at this forum of international development.As one of the first international retail enterprises that have settled in this province, we have set up 4 joint ventures with a total investment of rmb 3.5 billion yuan, and moreover, we have opened over 20 large-scale supermarkets in the major cities, last year we launched a plan to support small and medium suppliers in the province aiming to bring solutions to the suppliers, including standard commercial operations, up to date marketing concepts and strong communications, we offer them free consultation, including the customers’ needs, lay-out of products, flow of funds, and market feed back.Meanwhile, we demand they produce high quality products, with our help, many small and medium suppliers have found new solutions and increased their sales, in addition, we have just started a new plan with our suppliers at a recent conference, this plan gain extensive applause from these suppliers，In this second half of the year, we will provide guarantee for suppliers who want to obtain loans or financing, helping them to overcome the shortage of funds due to the global financial crises, at present, we are negotiating with various commercial banks, trying to persuade them to expand better financial channels for our suppliers.On the 8th of this month, we organized the win win day for partners, the event had two topics, one was direct purchase and the other was medium and small food processing companies, both projects are essential for us in china, we hope professional trainings and businessseminars and expect to help local suppliers to be more aware of food safety issues to complete the innovation of products and technology, and to provide more products which meet the market demand.After 12 years’ cooperation and development in china, we will as always go forward hand in hand with the development of this province, making more contributions to its prosperous market to have a harmonious commercial environment in china, and to this sustainable development of Chinese economy.中国国家旅游局官员在第六届丝绸之路国际大会开幕式上的致辞尊敬的各位来宾，女士们，先生们，上午好！很高兴与大家相聚在古老而美丽的敦煌，共同出席联合国旅游世界组织第六届丝绸之路国际大会，我谨代表中国国家旅游局对大会召开表示热烈祝贺，对远道而来的各位嘉宾表示诚挚欢迎。
研究生公共英语口语考试题目及答案
Topics for Discussion1.Does “moving up the economic ladder” mean success? Why or why not? What other things do you thinkcan mean success?No, Many people believe that a large income means success. But in my opinion, that success is more than money, and there are more gauges of success, such as fame, respect, and knowledge.Most people assume that famous people are rich, but that isn’t always true. For example, many scientists are not rich by today’s standards, but they are successful in their fields. Addit ionally, there are many famous statesmen who are not rich. The late premier Zhou En Lai was one. Certainly, no one would say he was not successful.I also believe that being respected by others indicates success. Without the respect, money means little. Fo r example, I once worked in a restaurant. The boss made a very good income, but he wasn’t a nice man. No one ever did work for him willingly. He ordered everyone around, but we didn’t respect him. In contrast, I had an English teacher in high school. He had to take extra jobs to make enough money to support his family. However, we had great respect for him and always listened to what he said. As a result, we were a top class in English. In my opinion, my English teacher was more successful than my boss at the restaurant.Finally, I think one of the most important indicators of success is knowledge. For example, Qian Zhong-Shu, one of the world’s best-known writers, had a broad horizon and profound knowledge. He wrote the best-selling novel A surrounded City, which has been translated into 80 languages and published in almost all parts of the world. In my opinion, he was extremely successful.When we look back in history, there are few people that we remember them because of their rich. Overall, we remember people who did something with their lives. They were influential in their own lives or contributed to society. If history is the ultimate judge of success, then money surely isn’t everything.2.What is your attitude toward the spread of surveillance technology?The surveillance technology is a double-edged sword. On one hand, it can bring us the safety and convenience. For example，in the supermarket, the camera can tak e videos to record the people’s behavior. It ensure the safety of the goods and allows people carrying their own bags to go shopping. And the radioes can be an evidence if some cases occur. On the other hand, the abuse of surveillance technology will be a threat to privacy of people. Just like in the ATM, the thief install a microcamera to record the code of credit card, and stole money. And if there are lots of cameras on the street or in a room, it will make people in fear of security and even cause to a panic.In my opinion, the use of the surveillance technology should be under the control of the country and the law. The surveillance of surveillance technology is most important.3.To make the earth a better place to live on, what responsibility should be taken by every one of us?We should live a low-carbon life.The Earth left our so rich energy ,but because of the development of the world industrial economy, the fast increase of population, our living environment is become more and more worse, for example, the resources reduce, water pollution becomes worse.The environment is seriously under threat and it is our responsibility to live a low-carbon lifestyle to protect our planet. Firstly, we should recognize that low-carbon life is not only a kind of life style but also life attitude. Each of us is responsible for the greenhouse gases we emit in our daily actions.Low-carbon life needs everyone’s participation. Secondly, we should develop good habits in our daily lives. For example ,we can ride bicycles instead of driving cars. Also, we should turn off lights when we are not using them. Students should use both sides of the paper in their notebooks. These are just some of the things we can do to live a low-carbon lifestyle.We only have one planet and we must do all act now to save it from further pollution●Reducing the pollution and saving the resources,●Dealing with the rubbish, especially some electronic products like used batteries，mobilephone,computer and so on. There are some harmful metals in them, which will damage to the soil and water.●Another way to reduce the pollution is selecting a green way to travel,in order to decrease the car’snumber on the road and reduce the air pollution.Saving the resources require us to use recyclable things, do not waste energy and papers.4.What might be the benefits and risks of plastic surgeries in modern society? Would you try on any ofthem? Why or why not? [医]double-fold eyelids●The first benenfit of plastic surgeries is to improve someone’s appearance and mental outlook. A goodlook will make someone brave and confident to face the difficulties and challenges. Another benefit is that the surgeries can heal the damage of disfigured people suffering a fire or car accident. The surgeries can help them to recover their appearance, and send them to the normal life.●But all the surgeries have their risks, and having the plastics surgeries doesn’t mean that you canbecome beautiful. Sometimes it will make an unnatural and sick appearance. What’s worse, sometimesthe failure of the surgeries cause the complications, leaving a scar in the skin or even leading to death.●In my opinion, ordinary people don’t need the plastic surgeries. The power and beauty are from what webelieve in, not what we look like. The benefit from beauty of appearance will not last forever, only the beauty of soul can be accepted by other people.5.Do you think manners are important in our daily life? Why or why not? Can you give some examples ofgood manners in the modern society?●It’s no doubt that the manners are important. Good manners make someone polite and friendly, and hewill be accepted easily. The good manners can make other people feel comfortable and let people become closer to each other. Sometimes the rude behaviors from others will make you unhappy or even angry. Sometimes the rude means to selfish because the rude people don’t consider to others’ feelings.●There are many examples of good manners. Such as in the subway or bus station, let the passenger getoff first, and offer your seat to the old people; open the door for other people especially women; get someone’s help and give a smile and thanks in return.6.Do you think you can increase happiness by learning some happiness skills? And how?●Yes of course. In my opinion, happiness is just like air, they’re always around us, but usually wedon’t notice them. But if we have learnt some skills,we will find the existense of happines with no doubt .what we need is to discover it.●First , find out the aim of the future. Trying to get it and become closer to it. The way to the successis filled up with happiness.●Secondly , we need friends. The good friends can share you with happiness and sadness, discusswith each other, teach each other, friends can help us to do sth we can’t do by ourselves. It’s important to have friends. When we give our friends a hand, or get some helps from them, the happiness is increased.●At last ,we should realise that happiness don’t only mean some happy memories. sth sad, exciting, orjust normal can increase the happiness. Just like the exam, the preparation before the examination always left a deeper impression than the entertainment after the exam.。
口语期末考试题及答案
口语期末考试题及答案一、自我介绍（每题2分，共10分）1. 请用英语介绍你的姓名、年龄和家乡。
答案：My name is [Your Name], I am [Your Age] years old, and I come from [Your Hometown].2. 描述一下你的大学专业和为什么选择它。
答案：I am majoring in [Your Major] because [Reasons for choosing the major].3. 谈谈你的兴趣爱好。
答案：My hobbies include [List of Hobbies], which I enjoy doing in my spare time.4. 请描述一下你的家庭。
答案：I have a family of [Number of family members],including [family members and their roles].5. 你如何看待团队合作？答案：I believe teamwork is essential because it allows us to combine our strengths and achieve more than we could individually.二、日常对话（每题3分，共15分）6. 你如何与朋友安排一次聚会？答案：I would first discuss with my friends about the date and time that works best for everyone, then decide on a location and activity.7. 如果你迷路了，你会怎么做？答案：I would ask a local for directions or use a map or GPS on my phone to find my way.8. 描述一下你最喜欢的食物。
北京科技大学2014--2015学年第二学期语言学概论期末考试C含答案(2016考研必备)
that 装订线内不得答题自觉遵 守 考 试 规 则，诚 信 考 试，绝 不 作弊8. Which of the following is an example of exocentric compound?A. babysitterB. virus-sensitiveC. breakthroughD. maneating9. Which of the following meanings is not a term of Geoffrey Leech?A. Conceptual meaningB. Social meaningC. Lexical meaningD. Thematic meaning10. Since in the class animal we have both animal and human, animal can be called _____.A. superordinateB. hyponymC. auto-hyponymD. co-hyponym11. [ ] is used for _____.A. broad transcriptionB. narrow transcriptionC. phonetic transcriptionD. phonemic transcription12. Which of the following is not the focus of pragmatics？A. contextual meaningB. utterance meaningC. metaphorical meaningD. speaker meaning12. The distinction between competence and performance was proposed by _____.A. William JamesB. Noam ChomskyC. John SearleD. Paul Grice13. Which of following semantic change is known as zero-derivation?A. Broadening.B. Narrowing.C. Meaning shift.D. Class shift.14. Which of the following is described as “close front tense rounded vowel”?A. [i]B. [y]C. [e]D. [u]15. Which of the following are allophones in English?A. [p h] in peak and [p] in speakB. [p h] in pig and [b h] in bigC. [ ] in think and [ ] in theseD. [i:] in beat and [i] in bitII. Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write the answerbelow (1x 15):1. ____2. ____3. ____4. ____5. ____6. ____7. ____8. ____9. ____ 10. ____11. ____ 12. ____ 13. ____ 14. ____ 15. ____1.When dividing syllables, we normally put consonants in the coda position.2.Historical linguistics is a synchronic study of language.3.Since language is arbitrary, learners of a foreign language should pay more attention to thearbitrariness instead of the conventionality of the target language.mp is an example of anticipatory coarticulation.5.The only difference between /p/ and /k/ is that the former is a bilabial while the latter is avelar sound.6.The word “bridge” to mean a method of playing cards is an example of loanshift.7.If two words are synonymous, this means one can be used to replace the other in anycontext.8. By “cardinal vowels ”, we refer to a set of basic vowels in the received pronunciation ofBritish English.9. By “reflective meaning ”, Leech means what is communicated of the feelings and attitudesof the speaker / writer.10. The Chinese lines “枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家” stand as an typical example ofparatactic relation between sentences.11. Linguistic phenomena such as coordination and subordination, conjoining and embedding,hypotactic and paratactic, are all means to extend sentences.12. Linguistic units linked together by coordination are endocentric constructions while thoselinked by subordination are exocentric ones.13. Paradigmatic relation is a term used by Saussure to refer to the relation of substitutability.14. All the allomorphs should have the same sememe and should be in complementarydistribution.15. The distinction between free morpheme and bound morpheme is whether they can be addedto other morphemes to form words.III. Define the following terms (5x 6):1. root2. duality3.inflectional affix:4.blending装 订 线 内 不 得 答 题自觉遵 守考试规则，诚信考试，绝不 作弊5.metathesis6. langue1. Related to the design features of language, what does “A rose by any other name would smell as sweet” mean?2. Suppose you are considering X for a position that involves philosophical studies. Below is the recommendation letter written by X’s professor:Dear Sir,Mr X’s command of English is excellent, and his attendance at tutorials has been regular.Yours, etc.1)What maxim or maxims does the professor seem to flout?2)What implicature would you draw about X for this position?3)Why do you think the professor phrased the letter this way?V . What different types of antonyms can you specify? What are their characteristics? Please illustrate with examples (20):装 订 线 内 不 得 答 题 自觉遵 守 考 试 规 则，诚 信 考 试，绝 不 作 弊C卷北京科技大学2014 —2015 学年度第二学期语言学概论试题答案及评分标准I. (15分，每小题1分)1. D2. B3. C4. B5. C6. B7. B8. C9. C 10. C 11. C 12. C 12. B 13. D 14. D 15. AII. (15分，每小题1分)1. F2. F3. F4. F5. T6. T7. F8. F9. F 10. T 11. T 12. F 13. F 14. T 15. FIII. (30分，每小题5分)1. Root is the base form of a word that cannot be further analyzed without destroying its meaning. It is the part of the word that is left when all the affixes are removed.2. Duality refers to the property of having two levels of structures, such that units of the primary level are composed of elements of the secondary level and each of the two levels has its own principles of organization.3. Inflectional affixes are bound morphemes that are added to stems to add a minute or delicate grammatical function to the stem (2 points), which do not change the word class of the stem (2 points). For example, -es in teaches, -ing in teaching, etc (1 point).4. Blending is a way of forming new words, in which two words are blended by joining together the initial part of the first and the final part of the second word, or by joining only the initial parts of the two words.5. Metathesis is a process involving a change in the sequence of sounds. It was originally a performance error which was overlooked and accepted by the speech community.6. Langue refers to the language system shared by a speech community. It is a grammatical system that has a potential existence in each brain of a group of individuals.IV. (每小题10分，共20分)1. This sentence indicates the arbitrariness of language. By arbitrariness we mean there is no intrinsic relationship between a sound and the object it refers to in reality. That is to say, whether the flower is called rose or meigui, it doesn’t alter its nature. Or it can be called whatever sound the speech community has chosen to represent it.2. The professor seems to have flouted the maxim of quantity –he didn’t provide enoughinformation as required and relevance – the information he provides is not directly related to ability of philosophy studies. Then we can draw the implicature that X is not suitable for the position. The Professor worded the letter this way to avoid saying directly X is not good enough, to be polite at least at the surface level.V. (20分)There are three main sub-types: gradable antonymy, complementary antonymy, and converse antonymy. The commonest type is gradable antonyms, like good and bad, long and short, etc. They are gradable, in the sense that the members of a pair differ in terms of degree and they can have comparative and superlative forms. They are graded against different standards and there is usually a cover term for the pair of words involved. With complementary antonyms like dead and alive, male and female, the assertion of one is the denial of the other, the denial of one is the assertion of the other. They cannot be modified by “very” and they don’t have comparative or superlative forms. Converse antonyms are relational opposites. In this type of antonymy, the members of a pair do not constitute a positive-negative opposition. They show the reversal of a relationship between two entities, for example, up and down, teacher and student.。
北京科技大学研究生英语口试8题
北京科技大学研究生英语口试8题Number OneWhat is “T he American Dream”? Give an example.Everyone has a unique interpretation of what the American Dream might be. American Dream in my mind, is a belief that as long as the United States after a hard struggle will be able to achieve the ideal of a better life. The American Dream is the dream of a land where all people can succeed through hard work. It is also an idea that suggests that all people have the potential to live happy, successful lives.One people can represent American dream was Obama. Obama was growing up in a poor family. He graduated from Columbia University and Harvard University, through hard work, for the first time in 2004, he elected as a senator, and became the first black president of American.Number TwoWhat is Big Brother? Give an example.Big Brother, a character in the novel 1984 by George Orwell .Big Brother, An omnipresent, seemingly benevolent figure representing the oppressive control over individual lives exerted by an authoritarian government.In the article, Big Brother represents cameras such as closed-circuit televisions often track Your moves, your mobile phone reveals your location .your transit pass and credit cards leave digital trails, now there is the possibilities that citizens are being watched.例子：p20Number ThreeWhat is green architecture? Give an example.As the environmental impact of buildings becomes more apparent, a new field called green building is gaining concern. Green or sustainable building is the practice of creating healthier & more resource -efficient models of construction, renovation, operation, maintenance, and demolition. Research and experience increasingly demonstrate that when buildings are designed and operated with their lifecycle impacts in mind, they can provide great environmental, economic, and social benefits.Green building is the practice of: 1.increasing the efficiency with which buildings and their sites use and harvest energy, water, and materials, and reducing building impacts on human health and the environment, through better sitting, design, construction, operation, maintenance, and removal—the complete building life cycle. Green building is an essential component of the related concepts of sustainable design, sustainable development and sustainability.Take ‘The Gherkin’,as example, it is formally known as ‘The Swiss Re building’ or ‘30 St Mary’s Axe’. This 40 storey tapering building is already a popular icon on the city skyline. What is most remarkable about the building is not its name or its shape, however, but itsenergy-efficiency. Thanks to its artful design and some fancy technology, it is expected to consume up to 50% less energy than a comparable conventional office building. Green architecture is changing the way buildings are designed, built and run.Number fourWhy is it risky to have multiple procedures at once? Give an example.Plastic surgery does means going under the knife, and lately there have been plenty of reminders of the risks involved.Number FiveWhy it is bad for children to learn too much at an early age?Nowadays Children are introduced to too much academic training too early. many parents require their children to participate in a lot of pre-school remedial classes or specialty classes. For example, the class of learn English, learn painting. But so many things to learn, which makes the kids feel very tired. Many of these children are shuffling from one form of tuition to another. It harms the children both mentally and physically.1. The development of myelin in the brain determines a child’s learning capability development. However, while we know that input from the environment helps shape the brain, we must also remember that brain maturation and overall development do not follow a nice neat agenda. Significantly, Outside stimuli will not help a child to learn until his brain is mature enough. each individual child is diffident and simply immersing a child in an endless bombardment of stimuli may do more harm than good.2. I strongly object to the competitive early childhood education and is convinced that too much, too soon and too fast may do more harm to children than good on the ground of recent neurological findings. The education and learning for kids are a step-by-step process, not a race. Playing is necessary for children; too much too soon may actually result in some form of breakdown.Number SixWhy are manners important in our daily life? Give an example.Good manners are very important in our daily life. Talking of manners, we always consider that how people manners in dailylife reflects a person's quality and accomplishment. There is no denying that Good manners are significant requirements in our interpersonal communication.To begin with,Good manners can make people happy. For example, you are waiting in line to buy a train tic ket. If someone suddenly jumps the queue, you will surely be angry with him.What’s more, good manners can help to bring people a healthier environment. Another case id that, if we litter everywhere, how can we have a healthy life? Just as the CCTV public service ads said, “Promote Civility and then Create a Favorable Social Environment”(讲文明树新风) Above all, good manners can help us to succeed more easily. If you are friendly to others, ev erything will go well. On the other hand, if you are rude to others, there will be a lot of trouble in your life.Number SevenWhat is the main idea of the book Essay on the Principle of population?课本p206Number EightWhat is the new venture in the study of happiness?Talking of the new venture in the study of happiness, I consider the real better understanding of happiness within the mind surly counts. Large numbers of people are focus on only the external conditions, which is regards as the venture.When it comes to happy, it’s seen that happiness is everywhere. Have a large laugh, get physical, treat yourself or do what you want every day makes people feel fulfilled, engage and meaningfully happy. Besides, as the saying goes, helping others is the source of happiness.Everyone wants to be happy and no one wants to suffer, but very few people understand the real causes of happiness and suffering, which is the real venture. We tend to look for happiness outside ourselves, thinking that if we had the right house, the right car, the right job, and the right friends we would be truly happy. We spend almost all our time adjusting the external world, trying to make it conform to our wishes. All our life we have tried to surround ourselves with people and things that make us feel comfortable, secure, or stimulated, yet still we have not found pure and lasting happiness.However, it is time we sought happiness from a different source. Happiness is a state of mind, so the real source of happiness must lie within the mind, not in external conditions. If our mind is pure and peaceful we shall be happy, regardless of our external circumstances.Above all, if we are impure and unpeaceful, we could never be truly happy, no matter how hard we try to change our external conditions. Consequently, we could change our home or our partner countless times, but until we change our restless, discontented mind we shall never find true happiness, which is the new venture we need to overcome in the process of pursuing happiness.。
北科大英语学试题及答案
北科大英语学试题及答案一、词汇与语法（共20分）1. The new policy will come into _______ next month.A. effectB. useC. serviceD. operation答案：A2. The teacher asked the students to _______ the sentences into English.A. translateB. transformC. convertD. transfer答案：A3. Despite his poor health, he managed to finish the project on _______.A. timeB. scheduleC. dateD. deadline答案：D4. The company has decided to _______ the price of its products.A. reduceB. decreaseC. lowerD. cut答案：C5. She is always the first to arrive at the office and thelast to _______.A. leaveB. goC. departD. exit答案：A二、阅读理解（共30分）Passage 1In recent years, the use of social media has become increasingly popular among young people. It has changed the way they communicate and interact with each other. Social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter have provided new opportunities for self-expression and connection. However, there are also concerns about the impact of social media on mental health and privacy.Questions:6. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The popularity of social mediaB. The impact of social media on mental healthC. The benefits of social media for young peopleD. The concerns about social media答案：A7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a social media platform in the passage?A. FacebookB. InstagramC. LinkedInD. Twitter答案：CPassage 2The importance of a healthy diet cannot be overstated. A balanced diet is essential for maintaining good health and preventing diseases. It is recommended that individuals consume a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Additionally, staying hydrated by drinking plenty of water is crucial for overall well-being.Questions:8. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To emphasize the importance of a healthy dietB. To provide a list of recommended foodsC. To discuss the benefits of staying hydratedD. To explain the consequences of an unhealthy diet答案：A9. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT part of a balanced diet?A. FruitsB. VegetablesC. Fast foodD. Whole grains答案：C三、完形填空（共20分）In today's fast-paced world, it is more important than ever to manage our time effectively. Effective time management can lead to increased productivity, reduced stress, and a better work-life balance. To achieve this, it is essential to set clear goals, prioritize tasks, and avoid procrastination.10. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of time managementB. The causes of stressC. The benefits of a work-life balanceD. The drawbacks of procrastination答案：A11. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a strategy for effective time management?A. Setting clear goalsB. Prioritizing tasksC. ProcrastinatingD. Avoiding procrastination答案：C四、翻译（共30分）12. 随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得越来越便利。
Oral English(考研英语口试题库)
1.What factors will you take into consideration in choosing your future job?List them in adescending order, and explain why.（在选择工作的时候会考虑到的问题，列举并解释）2.How do you understand the sentence “Happiness is less a matter of getting what we want thanof wanting what we have”? Illustrate your understanding.（比起不断追逐期望得到的东西，珍惜自己所拥有的才是真正的幸福）（知足者长乐）3.Make comparisons on the perceptions of colors(white,black,red,blue,etc.)in Chineseculture and American culture.Can you perceive differences in other aspects between two cultures?（比较中美文化中颜色所各自代表的含义，其中的差异，两国文化中其他方面的差异）4.What special festivals are there in China? Which do you like to celebrate?（中国特殊的节日，你最喜欢的是哪个）5.Describe a challenging experience or opportunity you met in the university?（描述一个在大学期间所遇到的一次具有挑战性的经历或者机会）6.Juvenile delinquency is increasing nowadays and how to solve this problem?（如何解决青少年犯罪问题）7.Why is juvenile delinquency increasing nowadays and how to solve this problem?（青少年犯罪增加的原因）8.Cite examples to illustrate the differences between Chinese and American parenting styles.（举例说明中美父母教育的差异）9.Giving children gift money/luck money during the spring festival is a special Chinese custom,which represents luck and wealth. Do know any country which also has such a custom? Are there any differences among those countries?（举例还有哪些国家有节日给小孩礼物代表幸运和健康的风俗，具体有什么区别）10.When is Thanksgiving Day？How do American people observe Thanksgiving Day? Tell usthe historical background behind the holiday.（感恩节是什么时候，美国人如何庆祝，历史背景）11.What is glass? Do you know why glass made a valuable contribution to modern science? Canyou name all the glass articles in our daily life?（玻璃是什么？为什么它给现代生活做出了巨大贡献，举例它在生活中的应用）12.When in Rome, do as the Romans do. What is the meaning of the English idiom? If you goabroad, what difficulties you will have? What is your way to deal with the situation?（入乡随俗的含义，在国外你将遇到的不同情境，你解决的方式）13.What should you do and what should you not do during a job interview?（面试时候哪些该做哪些不该做）14.Take “Tiger Mother” for example; give your comments on her parenting style?（虎妈教育举例，评论）15.What’s your understanding to this famous saying, “Education is not the filling of a pail, butthe lighting of a fire?”（教育不是灌满一桶水,而是点燃一团生命的火焰，如何理解）16.Do you agree that “Money talks”? What are the things that money can buy and cannot buy?（有钱能使鬼推磨，你的观点）17.What is your attitude towards money?Suppose you have won a lottery ticket of5millionRMB, what would you do with the money?（对钱的看法，中五百万后你会如何）18.Describe in some detail about your life on campus. How can you balance your life and study?What is your opinion about campus dating, especially dating with a foreign student？（描述校园生活细节，你如何平衡生活与学习，对于校园约会尤其是和外国人约会有什么看法）19.Animals are often used for research purposes. Why do people experiment on animals in somemedical research? Please hold a debate on animal experiment.（动物实验的目的，进行讨论）20.Guinness World Records,the global authority on record-breaking achievements,presentedChina Central TV(CCTV)the world record for Most Watched National Network TV Broadcast for its annual Spring Festival Gala show. Do you know why Spring Festival Gala become the most watched national variety entertainment show in the world?If you are the director of the Gala, what typical Chinese cultural elements will you inject into the show?（《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》提出了由于CCTV召开一年一度的春节联欢晚会节目，可以申请为最受欢迎的国家网络电视广播。
研究生英语口语考试问题及答案
U.1.What is the best way to educate our children？Who gives them more influences, teachers or parents?Nowadays, more and more teachers focus on the education for their students, they are eager to find a best way to solve this problem, as well as the parents.Importantly, we have to consider the students themselves. What we do will benefit them?We must enhance their knowledge and wisdom to solve kinds of problems and questions, so if we want to educate for success, we must make sure that what the students need. Unlike the past days, nowadays the students not only need knowledge in book, but also need something innate. They need to study, and to study in a very healthway and with a very relax heart. Here we can get some information that is to give the students the knowledge and happiness both.I think that the parents are more influential than the teachers. The first reason is that it helps a student identify himself/herself through the parent‟s role modeling. Secondly, the parent‟s positive influence provides a secure environment for proper developmentof a student. Lastly, the importance of a parents influence on a student can be recognized by the impact it has on society.Unit1.2 Do you think it important to cultivate students’ creativity?I think it is important .The standardization of thinking is the leading factor that kills Chinese innovative thinking. American education focuses on cultivating self-confidence, and Chinese students often lack self-confidence. American students are often arrogant, and Chinese students are often humble. Education in the west is different from ours: it trains students' problem consciousness and critical thinking from primary school. but we often cultivate students' obedience to what the teacher says.Unit1 .3 What are the problems with the educational system of China? Is the system quality-oriented or test-oriented?In China, there are so many problems with the educational system. But the three problems about education must be paid much attention at least. Firstly, the entrance-exam problem, youngsters have to bury themselves in book stacks in order to pass the entrance exam, completely divorced from social reality. Secondly, the quality problem, there is no denying the fact what the students learn in university cannot meet the need of the rapid development society. Finally, the employment problem, as I have said in the above that the quality has declined, so high-education and employment are obviously incompatible. How to solve these problems? In my opinion, the governmentmust relax its unnecessary controls on the universities, and give schoolsfull autonomy to pilot their own reforms. Only in this can we solve the problem of education. In light of this, we can find that the educational system of China is thetest-oriented.Unit1,4What kind of teacher is an ideal one?can you describe a teacher who give you most influences? will you become a teacher when you finish your graduate program?Ideal teachers must be patient and they can express their own meaning clearly. They should have good professional knowledge about the course they teach and they like the course they teach. What‟s more, they can teach students in accordance of their aptitude The teacher is my Chinese teacher when I was in third grade. Sheknew our advantages and disadvantages, and she could praise and criticize us properly.I want to become a college teacher. Because college teachers‟ work has more free time, I can have more time to care for my family.Unit1 ,5Is it necessary for the graduating students to write and defend graduation theses?I think writing and defending graduation theses is necessary. Completing the graduation theses is the basic condition for college students to graduate.At the same time, defending graduation theses can urge the students to write their papers independently. So this is a meaningful learning process and a conclusion of what we have learned during the past four years. It can train and increase the ability to scientific research and cooperate with others. What‟s mo re, it also can improve work efficiency and let us feel the sense of responsibility. It is the key to open the door of our later success.Unit2,1In these days ,job hopping is avery common phenomenon.what are the reasons for the job_hopping?should stay in one career the whole life or change job frequentenly?I think the following factors contributing to people‟s job-hopping. First, when some employees suffer limitation in promotion and there is no space for them to develop, job-hopping becomes common like potluch. Second, some people are different, they are in the habit of job-hopping, for they always pursue what is new and stimulating. Finally, when you stay in one career for a long time, you will lose your interest. In my opinion, we should not change our job frequently. because every job is a chance for us to gain wider experience .And you will lose this opportunity if you change job frequently.If you change youjob,you would have to start all over again from the beginning.So ,you‟dbetter not change your job frequently.Unit2,2Do you want to be a small fish in a big pond or a big fish in a small pond?With the former, you can derive a deep sense of satisfaction from being a member of a well-known organization such as General Motors. You will have the opportunities of learning from experienced executives and knowing about the standard working process. There is no doubt that the experience here will widen your horizon and youwill gain access to the latest information which could help you enhance your competitiveness in your major. With the latter, you will have great responsibilities and your decision may bring immediate effect. Normally, you are exposed to various experiences and expected to do a great many things without much help or guidance. And here I can control more resources than what I can in big company. However, the mechanisms of small company lack of flexibility, which will hinder the people‟s promotion. Personally, I prefer to work in a big enterprise when I was young, because I could get a good position as long as I work hard.Unit 2 ,.3if you are a boss,do you like to recruit experienced people or green hands?If I am a boss,I am inclined to recruit those experienced ones . First of all, I think ,when faced the work , the experienced will be better to understand the process of the job, and complete the work more efficiently . As the saying goes, practice makes perfect. They may have new techniques and methods.Secondly, they know how to communicate and get along with related persons.This is good to fewer conflicts between employees. Finally , the company do not spend too much energy to train them,so they will be able to create value for the company when they entered the company.Unit2,4With the soring house price in big cities,would you still choose to work in first_tier cities upon grauation?No, I would not choose to work in first-tier cities upon graduation, although there are more working opportunities. The reasons are as follow. The first, the house price is so high that I can‟t afford it. The second, comparing with medium-sized cities, the living expenses in first-tier cities is much higher, the pace of life is much faster and the the living surroundings are worse. While in a medium-sized city, the living expenses is suitable, then I can save money. The living surroundings are more comfortable. The most important is that I will have more time with my family and more chances to display my potential. So, I prefer working in a medium-sized city.Unit3.1What are the usual / popular ways of getting refreshed?You can exercise all the time and sweat it out. Or have a good sleep. Listen to some relaxing music and talk to your family.Unit3.2Find out all the reasons why people spend so much time with their computer both atwork and at home.I think there are 3 reasons for the question. First, internet improves our life quality and work efficient. At work, we use computer to deal with files. For example, when we facea large amount of numbers, before the invention of computer, people must use pens, which spend a lot of time, but now we can do it by computer, maybe it just spend a few minutes. At home, we can buy everything through computer.Second, computer enhances the communication of people. At work, especially some international companies, people can talk with foreigners and make business bycomputer. At home, as we all know, parents are often on business trips, they can talk with their children face to face through computers; we can also acquire some latest news in the internet. Third, we use the Internet for entertainment and study, when we are tired, we open the computer, and find out some exciting programs, and then we will be happy. For the study, we can learn English, write thesis and look up data, and so on.That’s all.Unit 3,4what benefits can you derive from doing exercises regularly?Physical exercise can make people healthy. It can help people to postpone aging. exercise is beneficial to the growth of human bones and muscles. Psychologically: exercise has the function of regulating the tension of the human body, and can improve the physiological and psychological state and restore the strength and energy. exercise can improve the health of the body, make the tired body get a positive rest, so that people energetically put into study and work;stretch the body and mind, help to sleep and eliminate the pressure of reading5. What’s your favorite sport? And Why? / “What’s your hobby?As we all become health conscious, we realize the importance of strict and regular physical activity. Why so many people love exercise? Since it has many functions that are good and efficient for us. Firstly, it is good Swimming is a healthy low-lost activity that you can continue throughout you life. Swimming is a low-impact activity that has many physical and mental health benefits. I like swimming best, because swimming can help maintain a healthy weight, healthy hearts and lungs. Plus, its also an ability of surviving.4.11. How does modern technology bring an unprecedented change to people’s lives? The third technical revolution obviously brings an unprecedented change to peoples life. Digital has given rise to a variety of new technology. Factories are more effective with less workers. More and more smart machines are appearing, such as smart robot which can do some dangerous work and housework. The internet brings us a lot of conveniences. We can communicate with other easily no matter how far away from each other. Secondly we can get much information to tell us how interesting the world is. Even we don‟t go out home we can buy what we need on net. And so on. Our life will be better and better with advanced technology, such as clear energy and a better environment.Unite4.2. What can you do with your cell phone in your daily life?Mobile phones are becoming more and more widely used in daily life, not just on the phone. Mobile phones can also be used to watch news, watch programs, play games, pay, shopping online, etc.3. Talk about the merits and demerits of online shopping.1. The development of the Internet market is becoming more and more mature, with rich network resources and various kinds of commodities. The search function is powerful, i.e. the dot is available.2. There are various payment methods in the onlinemarket, which are not limited to bank card payment, cash payment, alipay, etc., and the security level is improved. 3. There is a massive online shopping website with promises of quality assurance, so long as Internet users choose a legitimate and legitimate website to network shopping, it must have benefited a lot. Disadvantages:You can't see the object.Although the goods are not satisfactory, we can refuse to accept them, but there is also a delay in the intangibles.Home delivery is subject to local restrictions and will be charged accordinglyUnit4.5. Can students play videogames? What are the disadvantages of playing video games?Videogames, as a popular way of entertainment, has largely changed our ways to spend our leisure time. But everything has two sides, we should coordinate it well so it can play a good important role in our development.Playing games may provoke our most powerful positive emotions. So as a student, when you are tired with study, you can have a rest by playing it, but not spend much more time on it. Because taking much time on it will play an opposite effect .As your tutor, I also want to tell you, if you are a person who is lacking of master yourself, you'd better not touch it.Unit5,2Why are both doctors and patients expressing their frustration? How can we improve doctor-patient relationship?Doctors always express their frustration because of thestrained relations between patients. Doctors complain that their salary are low and they are overworked in most time. However, patients insist that it is difficult to get a well treatment in hospital. The medicines is so expensive that they cannot afford them. In addition, doctors often take patients as experiment subjects, they prescribe excessivemedicines to patients in order to make money. Takinga look around, one can find numerous examples with ease, such as one doctor killed by his patient in Wenling Zhejiang province not long ago. The problem mentioned above is bound to generate dsevere consequences if we keep turning a blind eye. To my way of thinking, some measures must be taken to solve this problem. For one thing, It is essential that laws and regulations should be worked out and enforced to put an end to this trend, such as government makes some laws to forbid doctor to collect money from patients. For another, patients should aslogive more respect to doctors and coordinate with doctors during surgery. Only in this way, can we make the society more harmoniously.Unit5,3What are the positiv e and negative effects of china’s single child policy?In my view, there are many positive effects o f china’s single child policy. Fist it can reduce the pressure of employment. Because china has much people we cannot find a good job. Second it can do good for the environment. Much water is wasted and the air is polluted as people do not cherish. If people is less and less we will own enough water and air. Everything has two sides. Some negative effects are existed. The military powerwill be weaken. The single children will not understand the importance of sharing. Theywill have few friends and feel lonely. They will have much pressure to support their parents when they grow up.Unit5,4We have entered an age of ageing population. How and who to take good care of the elderly people?Nowadays, we have entered an age of ageing population, and how and who to take good care of the elderly people, which is a hot point that we are talking about resently. Considering the severity of issue, we have no choice but to take effective measure to deal with this problem. In my opinion, not onlythe son or daughterbut also the society have responsibility to take care of the elderly people. On the one hand, undoubtedly, according to some sociologist opinion, the elderly people are more eager to children's love. We are glad to see that the son and daughter should often go back home and make telephone calls to their parents. And they also should give money to their parents. Because they are too old to work, they can‟t make enough money to live. Moreover, when they are sick, they should take care and stay with them. On the other hand , there is no doubt that the government should improve the social welfare system ,raise the retirement age and set up many old people‟s home to guarantee the old people‟s life.So in a word, only in this way this bad situation can be solved.Unit 5 .5Nowadays, a buzzword “urban diseases” is frequently heard.What is meant by that? And what are the causes ang cures for those “illness”?I think “urban diseases” is about that more and more peo ple are flocking to the big cities, which has caused many problems like traffic jams ,environment pollutions and the declining feeling of happiness .such problems are even more serious in Beijing ,shanghai ,Shenzhen .most of the people like to live in the cities because the big city has more work opportunities, exciting life and a sense of urbanite ,besides ,the big city is good for children‟s education. This is what has caused the “ citydiseases ”.I think it is the time that w e should take some measures to handle with those problems. We should establish the proper value on big city .everywhere has its advantages and disadvantages. even the big city has its convenient ,it is also has its demerits. the living expenses is much higher,the pace of life is much faster ,its surroundings are worse and has more traffic congestion.I don’t like live into the big cite .I think the medium city like Qingdao ,Suzhou are very good, it can catch up with the big cities ,has many hot places for investment form both home and aboard ,lots of priority policies to attract talents ,and more chances to display one’s potential .besides, I can have more time to stay with my family .I enjoy the silent life and it can enhance my understanding of life .Unit6 ,1Should we limit the use of private cars in first tier cities to reduce caremissions?Beijing has been limited the private car by limiting its number in some appointed days However, as far as I see it, we should not put a limit on private cars in first-tier cities. First of all, the private car is a symbol of freedom and wealth. The private car has given us a freedom and convenience our ancestors could not dream of. We can travel to relatively remote places that it is hard to reachon foot or public transport rarely goes to. A car enables an individual or a family to travel at any time they wish. With a car there is no need to wait for the bus in the bitterly cold or under the scorching sun. Further more a c ar can serve as a symbol of one’s wealth, which makes him or her proud of his or her accomplishments and glorious past.Secondly, a car can make our work more efficient and life more convenient. Nowadaysmany Chinese can enjoy the comfort and luxury of owning a private car. Having a car of one’s own means no more traveling to work on crowded buses or subway trains; no more waste of time for waiting at the bus stop or train station. With a car one does not have to worry about the possible danger their child suffers when they are elbowing theirway through the crowd, instead they can drop off the children at school on the way to work. In the case of illness, the car takes its owner or other sick person to hospital without any delay. Last but not least, lifting bans on private cars will stimulate the automobile industry, which provides jobs for a large team of workers. Known as a sunrise industry, Chinese automobile industry needs strong and continuous fueling from domestic demand. If more people buy cars, the industry will embrace continued growth, thus contributing more to the national economy. Moreover, its growth will trigger the boom of related industries like iron and steel production and energy. In conclusion, theadvantages of private cars convince us that we should not put a limit on the number of private cars. What we should do at the moment is to perfect the transport infrastructure to ensure private cars to go faster and more safely.Unit6,2How can we strike a balance between economic development and environmental protection in poor areas?In the past thirty years, our country seen great development and thorough changes in the aspects of economy, society and construction. However, some problems, like environmental pollutions, appeared in some regions ,especially in poor areas. Therefore, balancing matual connection between economic improvement and environmental protection should be put on agenda immediately.On one hand, economic progress in some remote zones deserved to be focused on by our wise government and intelligent citizens, who should try their best to help the poor to pursue a better life. On the other hand, it is indeed essential to make a considerate combination between economy and surroundings for a profound and sustainable development, instead of just chase economic productivity and GDP .Only by these two can we help the poor areas to get on the path of getting rich and happy .Unit6 ,3It’s urgent for us to reduced our carbon footprint. What can we do to live a low carbon life?Now more and more people has realized that a low carbon life is related with daily life. we have to take some measures to reduce our carbon footprint. For government, they should take some policy to control the number of privated car. We should plant more trees to make the carbon absorbed. To our common people, we should ride bike or by bus to go to work other than driving privated car. We also should try to avoid using disposable tableware. We should reduce to use free or charge a plastic bag when we are going shopping. We should develop the habit of turning off electrical power to avoid wasting electricity. Trying to reduce to use refrigerators, air conditioners, fans, we can keep cool by using Pushan . Only in this way can we live a low carbon life and can we have a healthy life.Unit6,4 What is white pollution? how to deal with it?The so-called "white pollution" is a kind of appellation that plastic garbage pollutes environment. It is made of all kinds of life plastic products .That has caused urban severe environmental pollution phenomenon. The most polluted of white garbage is thewaste plasticbags. If we continue using plastic lunch boxes, shopping bags and other unrecyclable plastic products what would happen that one day they might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish To prevent this nightmare from coming true, governments need to work closely with each other and back up their verbal commitment by actions. However, it is not enough only to ask the government to get rid of white pollution, We must ask everybody beautification green earth instead of white.Unit 6,5How do you understand the role of forests playing in our planet?As we all know, forests always play an important role. Many scientists even regard the forests as the lungs of our earth. In my opinion ,forests help to clean the air. The plants ,as all kinds of trees ,can absorb most of carbon dioxide and at the same time ,they release the oxygen. It is a good way to plant forests to reduce the greenhouse gas. On the other hand,lacking of the protection of forests, many cities, like Beijing is under the threatening of the sand storm. Without doubts , if we plant more trees in the northwest of China,the environment of Beijing will be much better.All in all, the forests are irreplaceable in our planet.Unit7,1Are Chinese different from people of other cultures in the way of greeting and eating? Because of the different culture, I think we have some of different from other people. Firstly, in China, when two people greet each other we shake hands instead of hugging and kissing. Secondly, Food is a special phenomenon, people having knowledgeofFood from one side of the study of different cultural backgrounds, customs and historical environment by study. Western food culture in this thesis is mainly concerned with the British one due to the fact that its cultural pattern and influence have become dominant in the west, which is generally recognized by the world. Thirdly, Chinese people would like to take the style of “sharing” when they have adinner together, whether at home with family members or outside with friends. But in western food culture Western food culture is characterized by the “separated‟ style because of the great influence of the individualistic orientation. For example, westerners do not take the ts’ai dishes from the public plate, but have separate individual plates.Unit7,2What are some taboos or superstitions you know in Chinese culture and other cultures?What is superstition?A belief, practice, or rite irrationally maintained by ignorance of the laws of nature or by faith in magic or chance. Some Chinese taboos and superstitions: A baby with wide and thick ears will live prosperously. The luckiest number is eight because its pronunciation is like "prosper". The unluckiest number is four as it sounds like the Chinese word to death. A boy,preferably born indragon year, may roll over the newlywed's matrimonial bed, which will bring good luck and a baby boy to the couple.When your upper teethfalls down, you should throw it down. And if your lower teeth falls down, you must throw it overhead, maybe on the roof. When your left eye shocks, it means that something good will happen. Conversely, if your right eye shocks, perhaps you will be unlucky. If so many bad things happen to you recently, you could invite a wizard or witch to help you. Get a table and put some candles on it. Then the "GOD" you invited waves his/her wood sword and say some magic words, afterwards the bad things will get away from you. Some western taboos and superstitions: Jesus Christ died on Friday, while the number 13 is unlucky. The combination of people believe that the unfortunate things will happen that day. Friday and the number 13 represents thebad luck the last two unfortunate individuals together to form super-sad day. Therefore,no matter what the occasion of the 13th month on Friday called "Black." In England, black cats are regarded as lucky.If a black cat crosses your path, you will have good luck all day. But in other western countries, black cats are connected with witches or the devil. A leaning ladder was thought to resemble the gallows and so by walking underneath a ladder, you are playing out your own execution.3. Talk about the western and traditional Chinese wedding ceremonies and tell the differences.Unit7,4A Chinese-American mother who was called as “tiger mom” says American parents lack authority and produce entitled children who aren't forced to live up to their abilities. A Chinese man who is a father of four control every aspect of his children's lives. Ifthey failed to meet his standards, the children would be beaten with a feather duster. That’s why he named as “wolf dad”.What’s more, I don’t believing in “Spare the rod, spoil the child”. Does it mean a true success in parenting when your kids enter a famous university or get straight A at school? And does success equal happiness?Obviously no. A parent who can show a proper way of love will raise the happiest child in the world. The stories of the tiger mom and wolf dad, we can still feel their strong love for their kids. Love cannot exist without encouragement. A parent who never praises her/his child directly denies the easiest way to show love and to teach his/her child to love others. Love does not exclude reasonable criticism and punishment.5. What are some traditional virtues Chinese nation treasures? Are such virtues as filial piety and thrift (节约) still important today。
2015考研英语真题+答案+解析
2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)①Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. ②That is 1 a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has 2 .①The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted 3 1,932 unique subjects which4 pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. ②The same people were used in both5 .①While 1% may seem 6 , it is not so to a geneticist. ②As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even 7 their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who 8 our kin.”①The study 9 found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity. ②Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now.③10 , as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more 11 it. ④There could be many mechanisms working together that 12 us in choosing genetically similar friends 13 “functional kinship” of being friends with 14 !①One of the remarkable findings of the study was that the similar genes seem to be evolving15 than other genes. ②Studying this could help 16 why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major 17 factor.①The findings do not simply explain people‟s 18 to befriend those of similar 19 backgrounds, say the researchers. ②Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to 20 that all subjects, friends and strangers were taken from the same population. ③The team also controlled the data to check ancestry of subjects.1. [A] what [B] why [C] how [D] when2. [A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn [D] advised3. [A] for [B] with [C] by [D] on4. [A] separated [B] sought [C] compared [D] connected5. [A] tests [B] objects [C] samples [D] examples6. [A] insignificant [B] unexpected [C] unreliable [D] incredible7. [A] visit [B] miss [C] know [D] seek8. [A] surpass [B] influence [C] favor [D] resemble9. [A] again [B] also [C] instead [D] thus10. [A] Meanwhile [B] Furthermore [C] Likewise [D] Perhaps11. [A] about [B] to [C] from [D] like12. [A] limit [B] observe [C] confuse [D] drive13. [A] according to [B] rather than [C] regardless of [D] along with14. [A] chances [B] responses [C] benefits [D] missions15. [A] faster [B] slower [C] later [D] earlier16. [A] forecast [B] remember [C] express [D] understand17. [A] unpredictable [B] contributory [C] controllable [D] disruptive18. [A] tendency [B] decision [C] arrangement [D] endeavor19. [A] political [B] religious [C] ethnic [D] economic20. [A] see [B] show [C] prove [D] tellSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1①King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings don‟t abdicate, they die in their sleep.”②But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. ③So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? ④Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyles?①The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. ②When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above “mere” politics and “embody” a spirit of national unity.①It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs‟ continuing popularity as heads of states. ②And so, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). ③But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.①Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. ②Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today—embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. ③At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.①The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. ②Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). ③Even so,these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europe‟s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to strive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.①It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy‟s reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-heeled) granny style. ②The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. ③He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service—as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. ④Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchy‟s worst enemies.21. According to the first two paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain _______.[A] used to enjoy high public support[B] was unpopular among European royals[C] eased his relationship with his rivals[D] ended his reign in embarrassment22. Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly _______.[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status[B] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality[C] to give voters more public figures to look up to[D] due to their everlasting political embodiment23. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?[A] Aristocrats‟ excessive reliance on inherited wealth.[B] The role of the nobility in modern democracies.[C] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families.[D] The nobility‟s adherence to their privileges.24. The British royals “have most to fear” because Charles _______.[A] takes a tough line on political issues[B] fails to change his lifestyle as advised[C] takes republicans as his potential allies[D] fails to adapt himself to his future role25. Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined[B] Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne[C] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs[D] Charles, Slow to React to the Coming ThreatsText 2①Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? ②The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.①California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling, particularly one that upsets the old assumptions that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. ②It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.①The court would be recklessly modest if it followed California‟s advice. ②Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justices can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.①They should start by discarding Cal ifornia‟s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smart phone—a vast storehouse of digital information—is similar to, say, rifling through a suspect‟s purse. ②The court has ruled that police don‟t violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or pocketbook of an arrestee without a warrant. ③But exploring one‟s smartphone is more like entering his or her home. ④A smartphone may contain an arrestee‟s reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. ⑤The development of “cloud computing,” meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.①Americans should take steps to protect their digital privacy. ②But keeping sensitive information on these devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life. ③Citizens still have a right to expect private documents to remain private and protected by the Constitution‟s prohibition on unreasonable searches.①As so often is the case, stating that principle doesn‟t ease the challenge of line-drawing. ②In many cases, it would not be overly onerous for authorities to obtain a warrant to search through phone contents. ③They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe, urgent circumstances, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while a warrant is pending. ④The court, though, may want to allow room for police to cite situations where they are entitled to more freedom.①But the justices should not swallow California‟s argument whole. ②New, disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution‟s protections. ③Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.26. The Supreme Court will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate to_______.[A] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents[B] search for suspects‟ mobile phones without a warrant[C] check suspects‟ phone contents without being authorized[D]prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones27. The author‟s attitude toward California‟s argument is one of_______.[A] disapproval[B] indifference[C] tolerance[D]cautiousness28. The author believes that exploring one‟s phone contents is comparable to_______.[A] getting into one‟s residence[B] handling one‟s historical records[C] scanning one‟s correspondences[D] going through one‟s wallet29. In Paragraphs 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that_______.[A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed[B] the court is giving police less room for action[C] citizens‟ privacy is not effe ctively protected[D] phones are used to store sensitive information30. Orin Kerr‟s comparison is quoted to indicate that_______.[A] the Constitution should be implemented flexibly[B] new technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution[C]Cal ifornia‟s argument violates principles of the Constitution[D]principles of the Constitution should never be alteredText 3①The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. ②The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.①“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,” writes McNutt in an editorial. ②Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors (SBoRE).③Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal‟s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. ④The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.①Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: “The creation of the …statistics board‟ was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science‟s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”①Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, is a member of the SBoRE group. ②He says he expects the board to “play primarily an advisory role.”③He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. ④This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”①John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is “a most welcome step forward” and “long overdue.”②“Most journals are weak in statistical review, and this damages the quality of what they publish. ③I think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review,” he says. ④But he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.①Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research, according to David Vaux, a cell biologist. ②Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in 2012, but journals should also take a tougher line, “engagin g reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process”. ③Vaux says that Science‟s idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merit, but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to id entify …the papers that need scrutiny‟ in the first place”.31. It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that _______.[A] Science intends to simplify its peer-review process[B] journals are strengthening their statistical checks[C] few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis[D] lack of data analysis is common in research projects32. The phrase “flagged up” (Para. 2) is the closest in meaning to_______.[A] found[B] marked[C] revised[D] stored33. Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may _______.[A] pose a threat to all its peers[B] meet with strong opposition[C] increase Science‟s circulation[D] set an example for other journals34. David Vaux holds that what Science is doing now _______.[A] adds to researcher s‟ workload[B] diminishes the role of reviewers[C] has room for further improvement[D] is to fail in the foreseeable future35. Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers[B] Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect[C] Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors‟ Desks[D] Statisticians Are Coming Back with ScienceText 4①Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch‟s daughter, Elisabeth, spoke of the “unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions”. ②Integrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism” in society should be profit and the market.③But “it‟s us, human beings, we the people who create the society we want, not profit”.①Driving her point home, she continued: “It‟s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom.” ②This same absence of moral purpose waswounding companies such as News International, she thought, making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking .①As the hacking trial concludes—finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones, and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge—the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stand. ②Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people. ③This is hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. ④Others await trial. ⑤This long story still unfolds.①In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place. ②One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived. ③The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.①In today‟s world, it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run. ②Perhaps we should not be so surprised. ③For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. ④The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business-friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. ⑤Words degraded to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.①The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding, to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. ②It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. ③Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions—nor received traceable, recorded answers.36. According to the first two paragraphs, Elisabeth was upset by_______.[A] the consequences of the current sorting mechanism[B] companies‟ financial loss due to immoral practices[C] governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues[D]the wide misuse of integrity among institutions37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that_______.[A] Glem Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime[B] more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking[C] Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge[D] phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions38. The author believes the Rebekah Books‟s defence_______.[A] revealed a cunning personality[B] centered on trivial issues[C] was hardly convincing[D] was part of a conspiracy39. The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows_______.[A] generally distorted values[B] unfair wealth distribution[C] a marginalized lifestyle[D] a rigid moral code40. Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?[A] The quality of writing is of primary importance.[B] Common humanity is central in news reporting.[C] Moral awareness matters in editing a newspaper.[D] Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.Part BDirections:In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) How does your reading proceed? Clearly you try to comprehend, in the sense of identifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them, drawing on your implicit knowledge of English grammar. (41) ______________________________ You begin to infer a context for the text, for instance, by making decisions about what kind of speech event is involved: Who is making the utterance, to whom, when and where？The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of comprehension. But they show comprehension to consist not just of passive assimilation but of active engagement in inference and problem-solving. You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and clues. (42) ______________________________ Conceived in this way, comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader. What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute, fixed or “true” meaning that can be read off and checked for accuracy, or some timeless relation of the text to the world. (43) ______________ Such background material inevitably reflects who we are. (44) _____________________ This doesn‟t, however, make interpretation merely relative or even pointless. Precisely because readers from different historical periods, places and social experiences produce different but overlapping readings of the same words on the page—including for texts that engage with fundamental human concerns—debates about texts can play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values.How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it.(45)____________________ Such dimensions of reading suggest—as others introduced later in the book will also do—that we bring an implicit (often unacknowledged) agenda to any act of reading. It doesn‟t then necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller, more advanced or more worthwhile than another. Ideally, different kinds of reading inform each other, and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another. Together, they make up the reading component of your overall literacy, or relationship to your surrounding textual environment.[A] Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfils the requirement of a givencourse? Reading it simply for pleasure? Skimming it for information? Ways of reading on atrain or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.[B] Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our gender, ethnicity, age andsocial class will encourage us towards certain interpretations but at the same time obscure or even close off others.[C] If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presentedin the context. On the assumption that they will become relevant later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them.[D] In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence, imageor reference might have had: These might be the ones the author intended.[E] You make further inferences, for instance, about how the text may be significant to you, orabout its validity—inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible.[F] In plays, novels and narrative poems, characters speak as constructs created by the author, notnecessarily as mouthpieces for the author‟s own thoughts.[G] Rather, we ascribe meanings to texts on the basis of interaction between what we might calltextual and contextual material: between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a text‟s formal structures (so especiall y its language structures) and various kinds of background, social knowledge, belief and attitude that we bring to the text.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration—one of the great folk wanderings of history—swept from Europe to America. (46) This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.(47) The United States is the product of two principal forces—the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world. (48) But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.(49)The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th-and-16th-century explorations of North America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six- to twelve-week voyage, they survived on barely enough foodallotted to them. Many of the ships were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought unbearably long delay.To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief. Said one recorder of events, “The air at twelve leagues‟ distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden.” The colonists‟ first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods. (50)The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.Section III WritingPart A51. Directions:You are going to host a club reading session. Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club members.You should state reasons for your recommendation.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following picture. In your essay, you should1) describe the picture briefly,2) interpret its intended meaning, and3) give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)2015年试题精读透析Section ⅠUse of English (10 points)1. A2. B3. D4. C5. C6. A7. C8. D9. B 10. D11. B 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 16.D 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. A Section ⅡReading Comprehension (60 points)Part A (40 points)21. D 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. C Part B (10 points)41. C 42. E 43. G 44. B 45. APart C (10 points)46. 这场移民运动由各种强大的动机所推动，在一片荒野之中创立了一个国家，并且，就其本质而言，它也塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和决定了它的命运。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
1.What is Big Brother?Give an example.
Any person, organization, or system that seems to want to control people’s lives and restrict their freedom.
Example:most of us have credit cards and the government can trace our digital trails if they need .
3.Why is it risky to have multiple procedures at once?Give an example
Undergoing more than one procedure not only prolongs recovery but also increases the time a patient is anesthetized ,which can be risky.
Example:James McCormick had decided to go to the Florida Center for Cosmetic Surgery in Fort Lauderdale to nip and tuck his crow’s feet.His doctor recommended a brow job as well and offered to throw in a chin implant at a discount.McCormick agreed to all the procedures and was at the facility less than four hours.By the next day,he was dead.
4.Why is it bad for children to learn too much at an early age?
There is a neurological timetable that extends from birth into the second decade of life.The build-up and acquisition of towards full brain maturation is more marathon than sprint and no measure of extra tuition or early training in any activity will influence this developmental timeline.
5.Do you think that free online lectures will destroy universities?
Universities are important ,and not just for training scientists,doctors,and lawyers.When taught well ,the humanities can help students think bryond the “how”and into the “why”—and they provide the invaluable gift of critical thinking .They’re useful skills for any job ,and they’re vital attributes for a healthy democracy.
Freely available online lectures and textbooks give universities the opportunity to reduce costs and increase quality,while focusing resources on what really matters:contact time between teachers and students.
8.Why are manners important in our daily life?Give an example.
Human beings are essentially creatures of habits.If we want to be good, we have to get into the habit of being good.And habits are formed by constant repetition of behaviors.The daily practice of civility and politeness helps,because it reinforces a regard for others and concern for their welfare.
You should not accept or continue a phone call if a shop assistant is serving you.
9.What is the main idea of the book Essay on the Principle of Population?
Human population ,he observed ,increases at a geometric rate,doubling about every 25 years if unchecked,while agricultural production increases arithmetically—much slowly.
Malthus thought such checks could be voluntary ,such as birth control ,abstinence,or delayed marriage—or involuntary ,through the scourges of war,famine, and disease.。