英语语法之宾语从句

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英语语法③宾语从句

英语语法③宾语从句

【英语语法③】宾语从句一、宾语从句的定义置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。

宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。

谓语动词、介词、动词不定式,v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。

有些形容词(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。

二、宾语从句中的引导词在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词有:连词:that (that 常可省略), whether, if代词:who, whose, what, which副词:when, where, how, why 等。

三、宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即:连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。

例句如下:1.I don't know what they are looking for.2.Could you tell me when the train will leave?3.Can you imagine what kind of man he is?四、宾语从句的时态1. 主句是一般现在时,从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。

例句:The headmaster hopes everything goes well.2. 主句是过去时态,从句须用过去时态的某种形式。

例句:She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time. 3. 当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。

例句:The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.五、宾语从句的特点1. 宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。

2. 宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。

3. 连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义,不充当句子成份,多数情况下可以省略。

4. whether和if都可引导宾语从句,但whether后可紧跟or not;whether从句可作介词的宾语。

英语宾语从句语法总结

英语宾语从句语法总结

英语宾语从句语法总结
宾语从句的连接词是that、whether、if,陈述语序结构是主语+谓语+宾语,主句为现在时,从句为任意时态。

宾语从句用法
语序为v.+主语+谓语+由if、whether引导宾语从句。

1.从属连词
连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether,和疑问词(what,how,where,when...)。

that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,
if和whether,whether...or not引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句。

2.连接代词
连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。

连接代词一般指疑问,但what,whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述。

3.连接副词
连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however 等。

例句:He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面。

注:宾语从句通常跟在名词或代词后面。

宾语从句顺口溜
宾语从句三姊妹,that,if/whether,wh-/how展风采。

展风采有三关,引导词、语序、时态在把关。

主从时态要一致,陈述语序永不变。

陈述请你选that,疑问需用if/whether连。

特殊问句作宾从,原来问词不用换。

英语语法——宾语及宾语从句

英语语法——宾语及宾语从句

英语语法——宾语及宾语从句目录∙宾语的种类∙宾语表示法∙双宾语∙复合宾语∙用it做宾语∙宾语从句——由that引导的宾语从句∙宾语从句——由连接代(副)词引导的从句∙宾语从句——由关系代词型what引导的从句内容∙宾语的种类∙一、宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,是动作的承受者。

宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。

当然,也可以由一个句子来充当,称之为宾语从句,所以一个句子中不一定只有一个宾语.英语的及物动词后必须有宾语。

宾语一般放及物动词之后,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。

说明,除及物动词有宾语之外,英语介词后面也要有宾语。

另外,某些形容词如wo rth,careful 等后也可有宾语。

二、宾语的种类1.直接宾语——绝大多数及物动词都跟有直接宾语,成语动词有些也跟有宾语,表示动作的对象、承受者或后果:We lo ve o ur motherland.我们热爱祖国。

(动作对象)They robbed a bank. 他们抢劫了一家银行。

(动作承受者)Then he co mposed a symphony. 此后他谱写了一曲交响曲。

(动作结果)Who put fo rward the suggestion? 这建议是谁提出的?2.间接宾语——双宾动词后可跟两个宾语,一个是直接宾语,一个是间接宾语,间接宾语表示动作是向某人或为某人做的:主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语Auntie gave me a to y car.My wife sends yo u her greeting.I will play yo u some light music.He bought himself a new tie.3.复合宾语——是由两部分构成的宾语,后面部分可称为宾语的补语:主语谓语复合宾语They asked him to speak at the meeting.She saw a girl waving to her.My kids never heard the song sung in Italian.They elected him vice-president.∙宾语表示法∙宾语一般用在及物动词的后面,表示行为动词所涉及的对象。

2024年中考英语语法专题复习之宾语从句考点归纳

2024年中考英语语法专题复习之宾语从句考点归纳

2024年初中英语语法专题复习之宾语从句考点归纳一.宾语从句的含义宾语从句是一个从句,它在句子中担任动词的宾语。

宾语从句的含义是:它承担的动作或状态是由另一个从句来承担的。

例如,“I saw the movie yesterday.”中的“the movie”就是动词“saw”的宾语从句,它表示的是“我昨天看到了那部电影”。

在主从复合句中,宾语从句起到重要的作用,能够帮助表达更加复杂的语义关系。

宾语从句在句中的作用是作为动词的宾语出现,并且常常与主语、谓语等构成完整的句子。

宾语从句在句中起到补充说明的作用,它提供了更多的信息,帮助主句表达更加完整的意思。

例如,“I don’t like coffee. I drink tea instead.”中的“instead”就是一个宾语从句,它说明了“我”选择喝茶的原因。

宾语从句还可以在句中充当其他成分,如主语、定语、状语等,丰富句子的表达二.宾语从句的分类宾语从句在英语语法中分为三类:动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。

动词的宾语从句:一个动词所表示的动作或状态是由另一个从句来承担的,这个从句就是动词的宾语从句。

例如,“I saw the movie yesterday.”中的“the movie”就是动词“saw”的宾语从句。

介词的宾语从句:一个介词所表示的意义是由另一个从句来承担的,这个从句就是介词的宾语从句。

例如,“At that moment, I realized I had left my wallet at home.”中的“at that moment”就是介词“at”的宾语从句。

形容词的宾语从句:一个形容词所表示的特征是由另一个从句来承担的,这个从句就是形容词的宾语从句。

例如,“The beautiful flowers in the garden mademe feel happy.”中的“beautiful”就是形容词“make”的宾语从句。

高考英语语法课件 宾语从句

高考英语语法课件 宾语从句

注意事项
1. 当doubt, doubtful用于肯定句时,后面的 名词性从句连接词常用whether或if; 当用 于否定句时,连接词用that。
I doubt if/whether he is at home. We don’t doubt that they can complete
the task ahead of time.
3. We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know _____ she’ll accept it.
A. where B. what C. whether D. which
4. Before the sales start, I make a list of _______ my kids will need for the coming season.
3.当从句是客观真理,定义,公理,定理 时用一般现在时。
➢ The teacher said that the sun travels around the earth .
➢ The teacher said that the world is made up of matter.
三、语序 宾语从句的语序用陈述语序: 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
2.如果主句是过去时,那么从句的时态一定 要用相对应的过去的某种时态(包括一般 过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时, 过去 完成时)。
❖She told me that she was talking with her mother at that time last week. ❖He said that he had seen it before.
I wonder who will teach us. Mr. Wang asked whose book that was. You can take whatever you like.

宾语从句详解

宾语从句详解

宾语从句详解宾语从句是英语语法中的重要知识点,它作为主句的宾语,承担起连接两个句子的作用。

本文将详细介绍宾语从句的定义、结构和使用方法。

一、宾语从句的定义宾语从句是指作为主句宾语的从句。

它通常由连接词引导,连接词的选择取决于从句的内容和意义。

二、宾语从句的结构宾语从句的结构包括引导词和从句。

引导词根据从句的内容分为不同类型,例如:1. 陈述句引导词:that、whether。

2. 一般疑问句引导词:if、whether。

3. 特殊疑问句引导词:who、what、which、where、when、why、how等。

宾语从句通过引导词将两个句子连接起来,构成一个完整的语法结构。

示例如下:1. 陈述句引导词:He said (that) he was busy.(他说他很忙。

)2. 一般疑问句引导词:She asked if/whether I had seen the movie.(她问我是否看过那部电影。

)3. 特殊疑问句引导词:I don't know what time they will arrive.(我不知道他们什么时候到。

)三、宾语从句的使用方法1. 陈述句宾语从句:当主句动词表示说、告诉、感觉等时,通常使用陈述句引导词that引导宾语从句,常常可以省略。

示例:I know (that) he is a doctor.(我知道他是一名医生。

)She told me (that) she would come tomorrow.(她告诉我明天会来。

)2. 一般疑问句宾语从句:当主句动词表示问询、疑惑等时,通常使用一般疑问句引导词if或whether引导宾语从句。

示例:Do you know if/whether they are coming?(你知道他们是否来吗?)He asked me if/whether I had finished my homework.(他问我是否完成了作业。

英语语法——宾语从句

英语语法——宾语从句
解释:1. 主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态。 2. 主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态。 3. 主句用过去时,从句是客观真理时,只用一般现在时。 4. 一些情况要根据客观实际来灵活处理。
语序
宾语从句用陈述语序。
基本用法
1. 动词+宾语从句 例如:Mum doesn't know if/whether he will go to Paris withher. 妈妈不知道他是否要参加运动会。 注意: 动词词组后面也可跟宾语从句。 例如: makesure确保 makeup one's mind下决心 keepin mind牢记 2. 介词+宾语从句 例如:He is thinking about what he should bring with him. 他正在考虑随身携带什么。 3. 形容词+宾语从句 例如:Mother is happy that he will go there with her. 妈妈很高兴他愿意一起去那里。 这样的形容词有: sure,certain, glad, please, happy, sorry, afraid, satisfied, surprised等。 基本构成
例如: I know you can help your mother. 我知道你能帮助你的妈妈。 The doctor says this medicine will make mom feelbetter. 医生说这药能使妈妈感觉好些。 Mom is worried about how they will go to the Paris. 妈妈担心他们怎样到巴黎去。 Could you tell me how I can get to thestation? 你能告诉我怎样到达车站吗? 3. 主句用过去时,从句是客观真理时,只用一般现在时。 例如:Mum told him God helps those who help themselves. 妈妈告诉他上帝帮助那些自救的人。 4. 一些情况要根据客观实际来灵活处理。 例如:He said he will come tomorrow. 他说他明天会来的。 (在美语中,这可能是今天说的,明天是将来用将来时态) 注意事项 If和whether在宾语中的区别: if口语化,大多特殊情况都用whether 1. 介词后一般用whether

英语语法——宾语及宾语从句

英语语法——宾语及宾语从句

英语语法——宾语及宾语从句代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语都可以作为宾语。

例如:XXX(名词作宾语)He gave me a book。

(代词作宾语)I want to eat pizza。

(不定式作宾语)Swimming is good for health。

(相当于名词的词作宾语)2.介词后也可以有宾语,例如:I am waiting for you。

(介词后有宾语)3.某些形容词如worth。

careful等后也可有宾语,例如:It is worth the price。

(形容词后有宾语)He is careful with his work。

(形容词后有宾语)双宾语双宾动词后可跟两个宾语,一个是直接宾语,一个是间接宾语。

间接宾语表示动作是向某人或为某人做的。

例如:XXX me a toy car。

(间接宾语为me,直接宾语为toy car)XXX(间接宾语为you,直接宾语为greeting)复合宾语复合宾语是由两部分构成的宾语,后面部分可称为宾语的补语。

例如:They asked him to XXX(复合宾语为XXX)XXX(复合宾语为XXX)用it做宾语有些动词需要用it作为形式宾语,而真正的宾语是在后面的句子中。

例如:It XXX(真正的宾语是that引导的从句)I find it interesting to learn English。

(真正的宾语是不定式to learn English)宾语从句——由that引导的宾语从句宾语从句是由一个完整的句子充当宾语。

由that引导的宾语从句是最常见的一种。

例如:She said that she was tired。

(宾语从句为that she was tired)I believe that he can do it。

(宾语从句为that he can do it)宾语从句——由连接代(副)词引导的从句连接代(副)词引导的宾语从句常用于对原句中的某个词或短语进行补充或解释。

英语语法宾语从句

英语语法宾语从句

英语语法宾语从句英语语法宾语从句宾语从句是初中英语最重要的语法内容之一,下面是店铺为大家收集整理的英语语法宾语从句相关内容,欢迎阅读。

一.宾语从句的含义在主句中做宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。

如:She knew that the teacher had seen the film.她知道这位老师看过这部电影。

“that the teacher had seen the film”做 knew 的宾语,同时又是由连接词 that 引导的从句,所以它叫做宾语从句。

二.宾语从句的分类1. 动词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于动词后面的宾语从句。

如:He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。

2.介词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于介词后面的宾语从句。

如:I agree with what you said just now.我同意你刚才说的话。

3.形容词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于形容词后面的宾语从句。

如:I am afraid that I will be late. 恐怕我要迟到了。

三.引导名词性从句的连接词1. that:没有含义,在宾语从句中不做成分2.whether/if:表示是否,在宾语从句中不做成分。

I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后,他是否还住在这里。

3.连接代词:what, which, who, whom, whose(在宾语从句中做主、宾、表和定语)连接副词:where, when, how, why(在宾语从句中做状语)The small children don't know what is in their stockings.(what 在宾语从句中做主语)这些小孩子不知道什么在他们的'长筒袜里。

英语语法之宾语从句

英语语法之宾语从句

• The teacher told the students that the Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world. • ④宾语从句否定意义的转移:在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词所尾随 的宾语中,如果从句谓语是否定的,一 般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语,而将 从句宾语变为肯定形式。比如:I don’t think he has time to play chess with you./ I don’t suppose it is the rush hour yet.
• ②作介词的宾语。比如:This depends on how hard you work./ Is there anything wrong in what I said?
• ③作形容词的宾语。比如:They are confident that they can do the job well./ I am not certain whether the train will arrive in time.
直接引语和间接引语:
• 1.引述别人的原话称为直接引语。 • 如:She says, “I am a bus driver.” • 直接话,称为间接引语。 • 如: She says that she is a bus driver. • 间接引语是把说话人的原话变为宾语从句。
• 3.直接引语和间接引语都是复合句中的宾语从句。
直接引语变间接引语:
• 1根据表达内容的需要,句子的主语,宾语及 状语等到经常需要发生相应的变化。 • 2当主句的谓语动词是现在时,宾语从句中的 动词时态不变。比如:
• He says, “My mother will come back tomorrow.” He says that his mother will come back tomorrow. The boy says, “I’ve finished my homework .” The boy says he has finished his homework.

宾语从句知识点总结

宾语从句知识点总结

宾语从句知识点总结宾语从句是英语语法中一个非常重要的知识点。

它在句子中充当宾语,用来表达一个完整的思想或情况。

理解宾语从句对于我们正确理解和运用英语句子至关重要。

一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句是指在复合句中作宾语的从句。

也就是说,整个从句在主句中充当宾语的角色。

例如:“I know that he is a good student” (我知道他是个好学生。

)在这个句子中,“that he is a good student” 就是宾语从句,作动词“know”的宾语。

二、宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词通常有以下几类:1、连词 that(在口语或非正式文体中常常省略)如:He said (that) he would come2、连词 if/whether(是否)例如:I wonder if/whether he will come3、连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which 等比如:Can you tell me what you want?4、连接副词 when, where, why, how 等举个例子:Please tell me how you got here三、宾语从句的语序宾语从句要用陈述句语序,即“主语+谓语+其它成分”。

例如:“Do you know where he lives?” 是正确的,而“Do you know where does he live?” 就是错误的。

四、宾语从句的时态1、主句是一般现在时,宾语从句根据实际情况用各种时态。

例如:He says that he is reading a book now2、主句是一般过去时,宾语从句要用相应的过去时态。

(1)一般过去时:He said that he was ill yesterday(2)过去进行时:He said that he was doing his homework at that time(3)过去完成时:He said that he had finished his work(4)过去将来时:He said that he would go to Beijing the next day3、当宾语从句表示的是客观真理、自然现象、科学原理等时,不论主句是什么时态,从句都用一般现在时。

英语语法之宾语从句

英语语法之宾语从句

第二类: (1) 连接代词(副词)引导 的宾从
• Only you can decide which one suits you best. • I asked her where she was going. • They inquired how we are getting on. • He wanted to know why we had not thought of that before.
• He gave a description of what he had seen.
• I hope you are not affected by what he said.
第三类:由what引导的宾从
• Whatever, whichever, whomever 等这类词也可以引导宾 从 • I have three cars, and you may have whichever you like. • I like whomever you like.
第三类:由what引导的宾从
• 动词宾从
• No one knows what will happen next.
• I don’t care what she thinks. • Say what you have to say. • 介词宾从 • She was indifferent to what others were doing.
第二类: (2)连词whether/if引导的宾 从
• I wonder whether you would mind doing me a favor. • He enquired if her parents spoke Spanish. • It all depends on whether we can get their cooperation. • I worry about whether I can pass the exam.

英语语法9之宾语从句

英语语法9之宾语从句
He asked me if he could come. [注2]在谓语是doubt的肯定句后接if或whether引导的从句如果是否定句或疑 问句,则后接that引导的从句。 举例:Does any one doubt that it is so?
三、从句是特殊疑问句时
①用原有的疑问句作连词引导,该疑问词不能省略。从句用陈述句语序。 举例:Goals determine what you’re going to be.
举例:I don't doubt that they can perform an operation upon the patient.
Ⅰ.有时,从句中也可用否定结构,只是含义有差别。
举例:I don't think it will rain.(表推测,语气不太肯定)
I think it will not rain. (有把握,语气肯定)
一、从句是陈述句时
④当主句谓语动词为 think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine,assume,guess,fancy等表示“认 为”,“猜测”的动词时,其后that从句如是否定的意思,则在从句中不用 否定形式,而在主句的谓语部分用否定,即将not移到主句。这种现象叫否定 转移。
Newton was convinced that all masses attract each other.
I'm not ashamed to confess that I'm ignorant of what I don't know.
三、从句是特殊疑问句时
④某些短语后接wh-从句,介词常可省略,因此wh-从句可位于某些名词之后。 这些常见的短语有have no idea of,have some notion of等。 举例:I have no notion (of) what he means. ⑤关系词可引导作间接宾语从句 举例:We wrote whoever had help us a letter of thanks. ⑥在“be+某些形容词(作表语)+介词后接that从句或wh-从句”的句型中, 介词要省去。这种从句在概念上接近宾语,而在结构上却接近状语。这类形 容词往往表示情感或心理活动。 举例:I am certain that they have solved the knotty problem.

英语语法讲解之宾语从句

英语语法讲解之宾语从句

英语宾语从句讲解宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语,或位于间接宾语之后。

在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。

它在句中可以充当及物动词、介词或形容词的并与。

宾语从句的三大考点即:引导词、时态和语序。

一、宾语从句的引导词1.that 引导的宾语从句当宾语从句是陈述句时,用连接词that 引导,that 在口语、非正式文体中常被省略。

He says(that) he has been to Shanghai twice.他说他去过上海两次。

She said (that) she went to the park last week.她说她上周去公园了。

2. 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,特殊疑问词就是引导词。

特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句疑问词不可省略。

Could you please tell me where we will have a meeting?你能告诉我们将在哪儿开会吗?I wondered what I should do next.我想知道下一步该做什么。

3. if 或whether 引导的宾语从句(1)当宾语从句由一般疑问句变来时,要用if 或whether 引导,意为“是否”。

If 和whether只起到连接作用,不充当句子成分,一般情况下可互换,但if 常用于口语中,whether 常用于正式文体中。

I want to know if /whether he is waiting for me.我想知道他是否在等我。

Could you tell me if /whether you have been to Australia? 你能告诉我你是否去过澳大利亚吗?(2)下列情况下一般只能用whether:①与or not 连用时I don’t know whether he likes the movie or not. 我不知道他喜不喜欢这部电影。

英语语法之宾语从句

英语语法之宾语从句

宾语从句一、宾语从句的定义在句中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。

引导宾语从句的连接词:连词:that (that 常可省略),whether, if代词:who, whom,whose, what ,which,whatever,whichever,whoever等副词:when ,where, how, why 等。

宾语从句分三类:动词的宾语从句;介词的宾语从句;形容词的宾语从句。

(1)动词的宾语从句:作动词的宾语大多数及物动词可以带宾语从句,有些动词短语也可以带宾语从句。

I heard that he would come here later on.(2)介词的宾语从句:作介词的宾语一般情况下,介词后只用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句。

He said nothing about who broke the window last night. (3)形容词的宾语从句:作形容词的宾语在afraid,certain,glad,happy,pleased,sure,surprise,satisfied,sorry等表示感情的形容词后可接宾语从句。

I’m sorry you are having trouble in making friends.二、宾语从句中引导词(连接词)的用法1.that,if/whether引导that,whether,if引导宾语从句时都只起连接作用,不作句子成分。

That 无意义且可省略,而whether/if意为“是否”,故不可省略。

He told me that he would go to the college the next year.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.2.连接代词引导当连接代词who, whom,whose, what ,which,whatever,whichever,whoever 等引导宾语从句时,可以在宾语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。

英语语法之宾语从句

英语语法之宾语从句

1.陈述句变宾语从句+that连词,不作成分,that可以省He will help us.We know that he will help us.2.特殊疑问句变宾语从句(由wh词、how等疑问词构成的疑问句称特殊疑问句)不用+that,加入合适的疑问词;调整语序,把主语放到谓语动词前。

What did you say?We know what you said.3.一般疑问句变宾语从句(Yes \ No回答的疑问句)调整语序,主语提前;+连词Whether/if(推荐用whether,if有四种情况不能用)Is she coming here?We know whether/if she is coming here.宾语从句的位置1.介词后的宾语从句Prep.+从句He was astonished at what he found. 原句:What did he find.2.动宾I know that you are right.单宾He tells me that you are right.双宾3.形容词+宾语从句They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. 应该是sure of that,或sure about that…介词被省略,其实也就是介宾的变种。

宾语从句的省略当连词是wh-/how + to do. 注:that不行。

I’ll tell you wher e you should get off.= I ‘ll tell you where to get off.。

宾语从句英语语法

宾语从句英语语法

宾语从句英语语法宾语从句英语语法主从复合句包含两个或多个主谓结构,其中一个(或多个)主谓结构充当句子某一(些)成分,如宾语、状语、定语等等。

充当某一成分的句子称为从句,带有从句的句子称为主句。

从句对主句的关系是从属关系。

主句和从句之间有一定的连接词加连接。

宾语从句如果一个句子充当宾语,称为宾语从句。

其主要句型结构如下:1. 动词+that引导的从句常用动词有hope, hear, see, know,think, believe, agree, feel, find, guess, mean, promise, learn等。

例如:I hope that you will enjoy our performance.我希望你会喜欢我的演出。

I think that the new science fiction film is interesting.我认为那部新的科幻片很有趣。

He learnt that David would e to China with his family soon.他得知戴维不久将和他全家来中国。

Do you believe that Li Ying will win a prize for her painting?你认识李英的画会得奖吗?提高英语学习效率的方法第一:明确自己确实有必要学习英语,并且有足够的时间。

学习英语毕竟不是轻松的事情,需要耗费大量的精力和时间。

我们说英语首先是一门知识,知识的掌握离不开记忆,同时英语又是一种技能,听说读写的能力就是一种技能,而技能的掌握需要重复训练才能掌握。

英语具有的知识和技能特性决定了学习英语不需要很高深的智力,学习英语不是创造发明,不需要刻苦钻研,所以只要有记忆力的人理论上都可以学会英语。

同时,由于大量的记忆和重复训练需要时间和精力,那么这决定了学习英语的时间将比较漫长。

据调查,一个人掌握英语的时间应该在3000到5000小时之间。

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宾语从句定义:作各类词的宾语在复合句中用作动词宾语或介词宾语的从句叫宾语从句。

A:作动词的宾语He told us (that) he felt ill.他对我们说他感到不舒服。

Do you know whose dictionary it is?你知道这是谁的字典吗?He has informed me when they are to discuss the work plan.他已经通知我他们将什么时候讨论工作计划。

点津坊☆注意:doubt (怀疑)的肯定句接if/whether引导的宾语从句,但否定句和疑问句接that引导的宾语从句。

I doubt whether/if he will succeed.我怀疑他是否会成功。

I do not doubt that he can recite the poem.我相信他能把这首诗背下来。

Do you doubt that he will win?你不相信他会获胜吗?B:作介词的宾语He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.他对那天发生的事感到很不快。

I am curious as to what he will say.我很想知道他要说什么。

Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it.你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。

They were praised or criticized according to how they had done their work.他们受表扬还是受批评是根据他们工作好坏而定的。

C:作形容词的宾语I am not sure what I ought to do.我不能确定我该做什么。

I'm afraid (that) you don't understand what I said.恐怕你没领会我说的意思。

I'm surprised (that) I didn't see all that before.我好奇怪,我以前没见过那一切。

☆注意:that引导的宾语从句只用在少数介词后,如:except, in, but等。

此时,that不能省略。

I know little about him except that he lives downstairs.我对他知之甚少,只知道他住在楼下。

He differed from his classmates in that he devoted his spare time to reading.他和他的同学们不同的地方在于他把业余时间用在阅读上。

宾语从句其他内容D:用it作形式宾语的情况(1)和it作形式主语一样,我们常用it来作形式宾语,把真正的宾语从句放在句末,这种情况尤其出现在带复合宾语的句子中。

We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪的。

He has made it clear that he will not give in.他已表明他不会屈服。

(2)由于that引导的宾语从句一般不可以直接作介词的宾语,因此当介词后面需要用that从句作宾语时,必须使用it作形式宾语。

You may depend on it that I shall always support you.你可以放心我会永远支持你的。

I'll see to it that your problem will be dealt with immediately.我保证你的问题会立即得到处理的。

(3)在take, hide, see to, insist on, depend on等动词以及一些表示"爱好"的动词 (enjoy, hate, like, love, don't mind, resent等) 之后,形式宾语it可直接跟宾语从句。

I take it that he's not interested in the book.我猜想他对这本书不感兴趣。

She hid it that she was married.她隐瞒了她已婚的事实。

(4)it不能作由连接代词whoever, whomever, whosever, whatever, whichever引导的宾语从句的形式宾语。

You may do whatever you will.你可做任何你想做的事。

I'll take whichever book interests me.我愿买任何让我感兴趣的书。

We are ready to offer help to whoever needs it.我们乐意帮助任何需要帮助的人。

E:宾语从句的语序和其他名词性从句一样,宾语从句必须使用陈述语序,不能用疑问语序。

How can I get to the station? Can you tell me?→Can you tell me how I can get to the station?你能告诉我怎样去车站吗?What does he like? I wonder...→I wonder what he likes.我想知道他喜欢什么。

Where were you born? He asked...→He asked me where I was born.他问我出生的地方。

☆比较:He asked me what was the matter.他问我出了什么事。

(the matter = wrong)He asked me what the matter was.他问我那是什么物质。

F:宾语从句中的时态(1)在一般情况下,宾语从句中时态要和主句相呼应,尤其是主句为过去时态时。

He said that he had lived in Beijing since liberation.他说自解放以来他一直住在北京。

He made it quite clear that he preferred to learn English.他明确地说他更喜欢学英语。

(2)有时,宾语从句中时态也可以和主句不一致。

You can't imagine how they were excited when they won the first place in the game.你无法想像他们获得比赛第一名时是多么的兴奋。

(3)客观真理和自然规律的内容在宾语从句中时态保持不变。

Mike asked whether the earth moves around the sun.迈克问地球是否绕着太阳转。

Columbus proved that the earth is round.哥伦布证明了地球是圆的。

G:关于that的省略(1)一般情况下,宾语从句中的that是可以省略的。

但在下列几种情况下,that一般不可省略:介词后面的that不能省。

Peter is a good student except that he is sometimes careless.彼得是好学生,只是有时粗心。

(2)并列连词and连接两个或两个以上宾语从句,and前面的that可以省略,and后面的that不能省略。

Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.大家都会看出所发生的事情,并知道汤姆非常害怕。

My uncle says (that) he has served here for twenty years and that he is going to retire next month.我叔叔说他在这儿已工作二十年了,下个月即将退休。

(3)that引导的宾语从句位于句首时,that不可省略。

That he ever said such a thing I simply don't believe.我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。

(4)主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入成份,that不可省略。

He said that, if he could manage it, he would come for dinner.他说,如果他安排得好的话,他会来吃晚饭的。

(5)宾语从句中有其他从属连词时,that不能省略。

He told me that if it was necessary they would work all night.他告诉我,如果需要的话,他们就干个通宵。

H:宾语从句的否定转移(1)在think, consider, believe, suppose, expect, fancy等动词后的宾语从句,如有否定意思,一般要把否定词前移到主句的谓语上,从句的谓语用肯定的形式。

I don't think he can do it better than me.我想他不会干得比我好。

I don't believe they have finished their work yet.我相信他们还未完成他们的工作。

I don't suppose he cares, does he?我想他是不会在意的,是吗?(2)在下列情况下,宾语从句不“否定转移”:1. think等词前有副词和表示强调的doI really expect he won't fail the examination.我真希望他不会不通过考试。

I do think that he is not fair.我确实认为他是不公正的。

2. think等词和其他词构成并列谓语I think and hope that he won't cheat at cards.我想,也希望他打牌不会作弊。

3. think等词作为插入语His decision is not wise, I think. 我觉得他的决定并不明智。

I:含有宾语从句复合句的反意疑问句(1)反意疑问句一般与主句一致。

He said they were going to help me, didn't he?他说过他们要帮我,不是吗?She told you that the mat was her own work, didn't she?她告诉过你这个垫子是她亲自做的,是吗?(2)当主句的主语为第一人称,谓语动词是think, believe, consider, imagine, suppose, hope等词时,反意疑问句应与宾语从句保持一致,这时特别要注意否定转移的问题。

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