英语语法之宾语从句

宾语从句

定义：作各类词的宾语

在复合句中用作动词宾语或介词宾语的从句叫宾语从句。

A：作动词的宾语

He told us (that) he felt ill.

他对我们说他感到不舒服。

Do you know whose dictionary it is?

你知道这是谁的字典吗？

He has informed me when they are to discuss the work plan.

他已经通知我他们将什么时候讨论工作计划。点津坊

☆注意：doubt (怀疑)的肯定句接if/whether引导的宾语从句，但否定句和疑问句接that引导的宾语从句。

I doubt whether/if he will succeed.

我怀疑他是否会成功。

I do not doubt that he can recite the poem.

我相信他能把这首诗背下来。

Do you doubt that he will win?

你不相信他会获胜吗？

B：作介词的宾语

He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.

他对那天发生的事感到很不快。

I am curious as to what he will say.

我很想知道他要说什么。

Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it.

你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。

They were praised or criticized according to how they had done their work.

他们受表扬还是受批评是根据他们工作好坏而定的。

C：作形容词的宾语

I am not sure what I ought to do.

我不能确定我该做什么。

I'm afraid (that) you don't understand what I said.

恐怕你没领会我说的意思。

I'm surprised (that) I didn't see all that before.

我好奇怪，我以前没见过那一切。

☆注意：that引导的宾语从句只用在少数介词后，如：except, in, but等。此时，that不能省略。

I know little about him except that he lives downstairs.

我对他知之甚少，只知道他住在楼下。

He differed from his classmates in that he devoted his spare time to reading.

他和他的同学们不同的地方在于他把业余时间用在阅读上。

宾语从句其他内容

D：用it作形式宾语的情况

（1）和it作形式主语一样，我们常用it来作形式宾语，把真正的宾语从句放在句末，这种情况尤其出现在带复合宾语的句子中。

We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.

我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪的。

He has made it clear that he will not give in.

他已表明他不会屈服。

（2）由于that引导的宾语从句一般不可以直接作介词的宾语，因此当介词后面需要用that从句作宾语时，必须使用it作形式宾语。

You may depend on it that I shall always support you.

你可以放心我会永远支持你的。

I'll see to it that your problem will be dealt with immediately.

我保证你的问题会立即得到处理的。

（3）在take, hide, see to, insist on, depend on等动词以及一些表示"爱好"的动词 (enjoy, hate, like, love, don't mind, resent等) 之后，形式宾语it可直接跟宾语从句。

I take it that he's not interested in the book.

我猜想他对这本书不感兴趣。

She hid it that she was married.

她隐瞒了她已婚的事实。

（4）it不能作由连接代词whoever, whomever, whosever, whatever, whichever引导的宾语从句的形式宾语。

You may do whatever you will.

你可做任何你想做的事。

I'll take whichever book interests me.

我愿买任何让我感兴趣的书。

We are ready to offer help to whoever needs it.

我们乐意帮助任何需要帮助的人。

E：宾语从句的语序

和其他名词性从句一样，宾语从句必须使用陈述语序，不能用疑问语序。

How can I get to the station? Can you tell me?

→Can you tell me how I can get to the station?

你能告诉我怎样去车站吗？