动词的四种形式

2、谓语构成
1）肯定句：谓语用动词的过去式
bought a pen. Yesterday, I _____ went to a shop and _______
2）否定句：助动词 didn’t 加动词原形
Shedidn’t ________(take) any money with her that day. take
3）一般问句：助动词 Did 加陈述句（动词用原形）
go to the cinema last night? ---____ Did you _____ ---No, I didn’t.
4）特殊问句：疑问词 + 一般问句 ---_______ Where ____ did you find your key?
（4）按时刻表进行的, 可用现在时表示将来 （5）用进行时表示将来
2、谓语构成
1) 肯定句：谓语用动词原形或第三人称单数
go to work by bike every day. Tom’s parents _____ Li Tao _______ studies English every morning. 2) 否定句：谓语用 don’t/doesn‘t 加动词原形构成 don’t get (not get) up at six every morning. I ________ She ____________ doesn’t watch (not watch) TV in the evening.
I. 一般现在时
1、一般现在时用法：
1）经常性、习惯性的动作
I go to work by bus.
2）现在的特征或状态
I am a teacher and I teach English. I love sports.
3）普遍பைடு நூலகம்理
Light travels faster than sound. Water boils at 100℃.
动词的四种形式
原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
1. 过去式、过去分词： 1）在原形动词词尾加-ed 清辅音后读/t/， 浊辅音、元音后读/d/， /t/、/d/后读/id/ work---worked /t/ open---opened /d/ play---played /d/ hand---handed /id/ 2）以辅音字母加 y 结尾的, 变 y 为 i 再加-ed study---studied carry---carried 3）一个辅音字母(w、y、x除外)结尾的重读闭音节词， 先双写再加-ed stop---stopped regret---regretted
teach---teaching study---studying play---playing 2）以不发音字母 e 结尾的，先去 e 再加-ing write---writing take---taking have---having
3）以一个辅音字母(w、y、x)结尾的重读闭音节词， 先双写再加-ing
---I _______ found it under my desk.
特殊句式 1. It’s time we ________ (have) a rest. had It’s (high) time 后从句谓语用过去式 2. I would rather he _______ came (come) with you. would rather 后从句谓语一般用过去式
（2）be going to 加动词原形 a. 打算、计划做某事
am going to buy a dictionary tomorrow. I _______________
is going to be a wonderful film in our There ______________ school tonight. b. 即将、眼看要发生 Look at the dark clouds. It________________ . is going to rain （3）be to 加动词原形：安排好的事 We _____________ are to meet at the entrance of the park.
III. 一般将来时 1、一般将来时用法：
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态
I will go to Tibet some day by plane. He will be busy tonight. 2、谓语构成
1）肯定句 （1）will 加动词原形 （第一人称也可用 shall ）
She __________ will come back in twenty minutes.
Last week, I ______ went (go) to the theatre. I _____ had (have) a very good seat. The play _____ was (be) very did not enjoy (not, enjoy) it. A young interesting. I ____________ were sitting (sit) behind me. man and a young woman __________ They ___________ were talking (talk) loudly. I _____ got (get) very angry. I could not hear the actors. I _______ turned (turn) round. I _________ looked (look) at the man and the woman did not pay (not, pay) any attention. angrily. They ___________ In the end, I could not bear it. I ________ turned (turn) round again. “I can’t hear a word!” I ______ said (say) angrily. “It’s none of your business,” the young man ______ said (say) rudely. “This is a private conversation!”
beg---begging stop---stopping begin---beginning 4）以 ie 结尾的先变 ie 为 y 再加-ing lie---lying die---dying tie---tying 但：ski---skiing 3、现在时动词第三人称单数： 1）原形动词后加-s stop---stops write---writes play---plays 2）以 s、x、o、ch、sh 结尾的加-es pass---passes fix---fixes do---does watch---watches wash---washes 3) 以辅音字母 +y 结尾的变 y 为 i 再加-es study---studies try---tries say---says
3) 一般问句： 用 Do 或 Does 加陈述句（谓语动词用原形）
---______ Does he _______ work (work) in a plastic factory? ---No, he doesn’t.
(4) 特殊问句：疑问词加一般问句 ---___________ How often do you write to him?
II. 一般过去时 1、一般过去时用法：
1）表示在过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态
He bought a new bike last week. They were in the office just now.
2）表示过去经常或反复发生的动作
When I was a small child, I often went to that park and played football.
2、现在分词：
1）动词原形后加-ing
cost--- cost---cost run--- ran---run bring--- brought---brought teach---taught--- taught do---did---done take--- took--- taken speak--- spoke---spoken
练习：用动词的适当形式填空
1. She _____ was (be) late for work this morning, because didn’t get she ____________ (not, get) up on time. 2. He ________ wrote (write) a letter to his girlfriend last night and he ________ wanted (want) to borrow some money. 3. _____ give (give) you any present Did your friends ______ on your eighteenth birthday? 4. How many computers ______ did he _____ sell (sell) last month? 5. He ________ studied (study) English at the age of five. go (go) to Hong Kong by air last year? 6. ---____ Did you ___ ---Yes, I _____ did . But my parents _____ went (go) there by train.
4）不规则变化：
put--- put--- put come--- came---come buy--- bought---bought catch--- caught---caught go--- went---gone see---saw---seen steal---stole---stolen