Reading14 英文外刊阅读精选 考研必备
2014年考研英语一阅读理解第三篇
2014年考研英语一阅读理解第三篇全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The third reading comprehension passage in the 2014 English postgraduate entrance examination is about the relationship between the United States and China. The passage discusses how the US-China relationship has been increasingly shaped by economic interdependence.The passage starts by highlighting the economic ties between the two countries, with China becoming a major trading partner of the US in recent years. It also mentions the economic benefits that both countries have enjoyed from this relationship.However, the passage also points out the tensions and challenges that have arisen as a result of this economic interdependence. It mentions issues such as trade imbalances, intellectual property rights violations, and currency manipulation. The passage highlights how these issues have led to friction and disputes between the two countries.Moreover, the passage discusses the strategic competition between the US and China in the Asia-Pacific region. It mentionshow the US has been seeking to maintain its dominance in the region, while China has been expanding its influence through initiatives such as the Belt and Road Initiative.The passage concludes by discussing the need for both countries to navigate their complex relationship carefully. It emphasizes the importance of cooperation and dialogue in resolving their differences and building a more stable and peaceful relationship.Overall, the third reading comprehension passage in the 2014 English postgraduate entrance examination provides a comprehensive overview of the US-China relationship, focusing on the economic interdependence and strategic competition between the two countries. It highlights the challenges and opportunities that this relationship presents, and stresses the importance of cooperation and communication in managing their interactions.篇2Title: Analysis of 2014 Postgraduate Entrance Examination English Reading Comprehension Section IIIIn the 2014 postgraduate entrance examination English reading comprehension section III, the passage titled "The Daythe Sun Danced" was presented. The passage describes the phenomenon known as the Miracle of Fatima, which occurred on October 13, 1917, in Fatima, Portugal. The passage recounts the experiences of three shepherd children who claimed to have witnessed the Virgin Mary appear and make prophecies to them.One of the key aspects of this passage is the way it presents the phenomenon of the Miracle of Fatima as a significant event in religious history. The passage describes how thousands of people gathered at the site of the apparitions, expecting to witness a miraculous event. The children's accounts of the events are presented as sincere and credible, adding to the mystique of the story.Furthermore, the passage explores the reactions of various individuals to the events at Fatima. Some spectators were skeptical or dismissive of the children's claims, while others were deeply moved and inspired by the experience. This passage offers insight into the complex ways in which people interpret and respond to extraordinary events, particularly those with religious or spiritual significance.Overall, the 2014 postgraduate entrance examination English reading comprehension section III offers students a thought-provoking glimpse into the phenomenon of the Miracleof Fatima and the various reactions it elicited. By analyzing the text, students can develop a deeper understanding of the role of faith and skepticism in shaping human beliefs and experiences. This passage serves as a valuable opportunity for students to practice their reading comprehension skills while engaging with a compelling historical narrative.篇32014年考研英语一阅读理解第三篇是关于原始人类社会结构的研究的。
考研英语阅读理解外刊原文阅读
Iconic Australian koalas on brink of extinction: conservationists环保主义者：澳大利亚标志性动物考拉正濒临灭绝Australia's biggest koala conservation organization has warned that the iconic marsupial is facing extinction.澳大利亚最大的考拉保护组织警告称，这种标志性的有袋动物正濒临灭绝。
The Australian Koala Foundation (AKF) on Tuesday accused the federal government of significantly overestimating koala populations, saying there could be as few as 50,000 left in the wild.周二，澳大利亚考拉基金会指责联邦政府严重高估了考拉的数量，称野生考拉可能仅剩5万只。
"We believe that the federal government has overestimated koala numbers by about 10 times the actual number," AKF chief executive Deborah Tabart told the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC).澳大利亚考拉基金会首席执行官黛博拉·塔巴特在接受澳大利亚广播公司采访时表示：“我们认为，联邦政府将考拉的数量高估了近10倍。
”"We believe that there are less than 80,000 animals left in the wild - it's probably more like 50,000."“我们认为，野生考拉的数量仅剩不到8万只，而且很有可能只有5万只。
多维阅读14级灵敏的鼻子课文
多维阅读14级灵敏的鼻子课文英文回答：The text "The Sensitive Nose of a 14th-Level Multidimensional Reader" explores the incredible abilities of individuals with a highly sensitive sense of smell. These individuals possess a unique gift that allows them to perceive and interpret scents in a way that ordinary people cannot.One of the advantages of having a 14th-level sensitive nose is the ability to detect even the faintest of smells. For example, I can easily distinguish between different types of flowers just by smelling their petals. The scent of a rose is distinct from that of a lily or a daisy, and I can identify each one with precision. This heightened sense of smell enables me to appreciate the nuances and complexities of various fragrances.Another benefit of possessing a sensitive nose is theability to detect subtle changes in the environment. I can easily tell if someone has recently cooked a meal or if a particular food item is past its expiration date. Thisskill comes in handy when I'm at a restaurant or grocery store, as I can avoid consuming spoiled or contaminated food. It's like having a built-in warning system that keeps me safe and healthy.In addition to these practical advantages, having a sensitive nose also enhances my overall sensory experience. For instance, when I walk through a garden, I can smell the earthiness of the soil, the sweetness of the flowers, and the freshness of the air. These scents create a multisensory experience that is truly delightful and enriching. It's as if I can perceive the world in a more vibrant and nuanced way than others.However, there are also some challenges that come with having a highly sensitive nose. One of the difficulties is being overwhelmed by strong or unpleasant odors. For example, the smell of certain cleaning products or chemicals can be overpowering and even nauseating for me.Similarly, being in crowded places with various scents can be overwhelming and exhausting. It's like having a superpower that can sometimes become a burden.Despite the challenges, I wouldn't trade my sensitive nose for anything. It allows me to experience the world in a unique and extraordinary way. Whether it's enjoying the aroma of a freshly brewed cup of coffee or detecting the subtle notes of a fine wine, my sensitive nose adds depth and richness to my everyday experiences.中文回答：《多维阅读14级灵敏的鼻子》这篇文章探讨了那些具有高度敏感嗅觉的人的令人难以置信的能力。
考研英语阅读外刊原文(环球时报)
China to support couples having third child in response to aging population为应对人口老龄化，中国将支持一对夫妻生育三个孩子China has officially further relaxed its family planning policy, supporting couples that wish to have a third child, it was decided at a meeting of the Political Bureau of Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee held on Monday.周一召开的中共中央政治局会议决定，中国正式进一步放宽计划生育政策，支持希望生育第三个孩子的夫妻。
The policy shift came not long after China's once-in-a-decade census, data from which showed a decline in births in the world's most populous country. Per the census, Chinese population grew at its slowest rate during the last decade since the 1950s.该政策的转变发生在中国十年一次的人口普查之后不久。
人口普查数据显示，作为全球人口最多的国家，中国的人口出生率正在下降，中国近十年的人口增长速度降至自上世纪50年代以来的最低水平。
In 2016, China annulled the one-child policy, which had been imposed to halt a population explosion in 1982, replacing it with a two-child limit. It was acknowledged at the meeting that despite the two-child policy achieving positive results, the aging of the population in China has deepened in recent years.2016年，中国取消了1982年为遏制人口爆发式增长而实施的独生子女政策，取而代之的是二孩政策。
考研英语历年真题来源报刊阅读100篇Text14
Don’t shoot the messenger They poison the mind and corrupt the morals of the young, who waste their time sitting on sofas immersed in dangerous fantasy worlds. That, at least, was the charge levelled against novels during the 18th century by critics worried about the impact of a new medium on young people. Today the idea that novels can harm people sounds daft. And that is surely how history will judge modern criticism of video games, which are accused of turning young people into violent criminals. This week European justice ministers met to discuss how best to restrict the sale of violent games to children. Some countries, such as Germany, believe the answer is to ban some games altogether. That is going too far. Criticism of games is merely the latest example of a tendency to demonise new and unfamiliar forms of entertainment. In 1816 waltzing was condemned as a "fatal contagion" that encouraged promiscuity; in 1910 films were denounced as "an evil pure and simple, destructive of social interchange"; in the 1950s rock ’n’ roll music was said to turn young people into "devil worshippers" and comic books were accused of turning children into drug addicts and criminals. In each case the pattern is the same: young people adopt a new form of entertainment, older people are spooked by its unfamiliarity and condemn it, but eventually the young grow up and the new medium becomes accepted-at which point another example appears and the cycle begins again. The opposition to video games is founded on the mistaken belief that most gamers are children. In fact, two thirds of gamers are over 18 and the average gamer is around 30. But the assumption that gamers are mostly children leads to a double standard. Violent films are permitted and the notion that some films are unsuitable for children is generally understood. Yet different rules are applied to games. Aren’t games different because they are interactive? It is true that video games can make people feel excited or aggressive, but so do many sports. There is no evidence that video gaming causes long term aggression. Games ought to be age rated, just as films are, and retailers should not sell adult rated games to children any more than they should sell them adult rated films. Ratings schemes are already in place, and in some countries restrictions on the sale of adult rated games to minors have the force of law. Oddly enough, Hillary Clinton, one of the politicians who has led the criticism of the gaming industry in America, has recently come round to this view. Last month she emphasised the need for parents to pay more attention to game ratings and called on the industry, retailers and parents to work together. But this week some European politicians seemed to be moving in the other direction: the Netherlands may follow Germany, for example, in banning some games outright. Not all adults wish to play violent games, just as not all of them enjoy violent movies. But they should be free to do so if they wish. Immerse v.①使沉浸在；②使浸没 accuse v.（of）控告，谴责 ［真题例句］ Historians, especially those so blinded by their research interests that they have been accused of "tunnel method ," frequently fall victim to the "technicist fallacy."［1999年翻译］ ［例句精译］历史学家常常沦为"技术谬误"的牺牲品，尤其是那些因研究兴趣⽽失去判断⼒、被指控为"井蛙之见"的⼈。
考研英语外刊阅读
考研英语外刊阅读Here are some recommendations for English-language articles from various sources that can help improve your reading skills for the English postgraduate entrance examination (考研英语):1. The New York Times: This widely respected newspaper coversa wide range of topics and offers in-depth analysis on current events, culture, politics, science, and more. It can help you improve your reading comprehension and vocabulary.2. The Guardian: Another reputable source, The Guardian providesa broader international perspective on news, politics, culture, and sports. It also offers opinion pieces and long-form journalism that can enhance your critical thinking skills.3. National Geographic: Known for its stunning photography, National Geographic covers a wide variety of topics such as nature, wildlife, science, travel, and cultures. Its articles often provide detailed information and insights into the world around us.4. The Economist: If you want to improve your understanding of economics, politics, and current affairs, The Economist is a great resource. Their articles are known for their analytical approach and can help develop your critical thinking and logical reasoning skills.5. Scientific American: For those interested in science and technology, Scientific American offers well-researched and informative articles on topics ranging from physics and biology to environmental issues and space exploration.6. Time Magazine: A weekly news magazine, Time covers a broad range of topics including politics, culture, health, and technology. Its articles often provide historical context and analysis, which can help you improve your overall understanding.7. BBC News: The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) offers comprehensive coverage of news from around the world. Its articles are generally well-written and provide different perspectives on global events.Remember to choose articles that match your interests and reading level. Start with shorter pieces and gradually move on to longer and more complex articles as your reading skills improve. Additionally, try to read regularly and actively engage with the material by taking notes and discussing the content with others.。
2014考研英语阅读真题：考研英语(一)第2篇-毙考题
2014考研英语阅读真题：考研英语(一)第2篇-毙考题2014考研英语阅读真题：考研英语（一）第2篇All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession —with the possible exception of journalism.But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation.The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools.But most law graduates never get a big-firm job.Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education.There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states:a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject,then a three-year law degree at one of 200lawOne idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree.Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school.If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so.Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business.Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm.This keeps fees high and innovation slow.There is pressure for change from within the profession,but opponents of change among the regulators insist thatkeeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers,by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on imp roving firms’ effi ciency.After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, have started liberalizing their legal professions. America should follow.整个世界范围内，律师比起其他任何职业的人员引起更多的敌意--可能除了新闻业人员。
2014年考研英语一第四篇阅读
2014年考研英语一第四篇阅读The 2014 National Postgraduate Entrance Examination English I Reading ComprehensionIn recent years, the National Postgraduate Entrance Examination (NPEE) has become an increasingly significant milestone for many young people in China who aspire to pursue higher education. The NPEE, which is held annually, serves as a crucial gateway for individuals seeking to gain admission into the country's prestigious postgraduate programs. Among the various components that make up the NPEE, the English language examination, known as English I, holds a particularly prominent position.The English I section of the NPEE is designed to assess the test-takers' proficiency in the English language, covering a wide range of skills, including reading comprehension, vocabulary, and grammar. The reading comprehension portion of the exam, in particular, has been the subject of intense scrutiny and preparation among NPEE candidates, as it often presents some of the most challenging and intellectually stimulating content.The 2014 NPEE English I reading comprehension passage, which isthe focus of this essay, was no exception. The passage, which was likely adapted from a scholarly or academic source, delved into the complex and multifaceted topic of the role of literature in shaping and reflecting societal norms and values.At the heart of the passage was the notion that literature, as a form of artistic expression, possesses the power to both challenge and reinforce the prevailing social and cultural paradigms of a given time and place. The author skillfully navigated the nuances of this relationship, exploring how literary works can serve as a mirror, revealing the underlying assumptions and biases that permeate a society, as well as how they can function as a catalyst for social change, inspiring readers to question and reexamine long-held beliefs and practices.One of the key points emphasized in the passage was the idea that literature is not merely a passive reflection of societal conditions but rather an active agent in the shaping of cultural norms and values. The author argued that through the careful crafting of narrative, character development, and thematic exploration, literary works have the ability to influence and shape the collective consciousness of a society, challenging readers to confront their own preconceptions and biases.Furthermore, the passage delved into the ways in which literaturehas historically been used as a tool for social and political activism, with authors leveraging the power of the written word to advocate for marginalized groups, expose systemic injustices, and promote the ideals of equality, justice, and human dignity. The passage highlighted seminal works of literature that have served as beacons of social change, inspiring readers to confront the realities of oppression, discrimination, and the need for societal transformation.Alongside this exploration of literature's role in shaping societal norms, the passage also addressed the complex and often contentious relationship between literature and the prevailing power structures of a given era. The author acknowledged the ways in which literature has been co-opted, censored, or instrumentalized by those in positions of authority, as they seek to maintain the status quo and limit the expression of dissenting or subversive voices.However, the passage also emphasized the resilience and adaptability of literature, noting how writers and artists have often found ingenious ways to circumvent such restrictions, utilizing metaphor, allegory, and other literary devices to convey their messages and challenge the dominant narratives of their time.Throughout the passage, the author skillfully wove together historical examples, theoretical perspectives, and contemporary case studies to illustrate the complex and multifaceted relationshipbetween literature and society. The reading comprehension passage effectively captured the nuances and complexities of this dynamic, challenging the reader to consider the ways in which literature has the power to shape, reflect, and transform the sociocultural landscape.Ultimately, the 2014 NPEE English I reading comprehension passage served as a thought-provoking and intellectually stimulating exploration of the role of literature in shaping and reflecting societal norms and values. The passage's depth of analysis, breadth of references, and sophisticated engagement with the topic made it a formidable challenge for NPEE candidates, requiring them to demonstrate a high level of critical thinking, analytical skills, and a deep understanding of the nuances of literary and cultural studies.。
多维阅读14级知识点整理
多维阅读14级知识点整理一、词汇部分。
1. 重点单词。
- 列出书中出现的高频、重点单词，例如：- “abundant”（丰富的），可以给出例句“The forest is abundant in wildlife.”（这片森林里有丰富的野生动植物。
）- “diverse”（多样的），例句“Our country has a diverse culture.”（我们国家有多样的文化。
）2. 词汇拓展。
- 对于重点单词的派生词、近义词、反义词进行整理。
- 以“abundant”为例，派生词有“abundance”（n. 丰富）；近义词有“plentiful”；反义词有“scarce”（稀缺的）。
二、语法部分。
1. 特殊句式。
- 如果书中有出现特殊的英语句式，如倒装句、强调句等。
- 倒装句：“Only in this way can we solve the problem.”（只有这样我们才能解决这个问题。
）解释倒装句的结构特点（部分倒装：助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语其他部分）以及使用场景（强调某个条件、状语等）。
2. 时态用法。
- 若涉及多种时态的综合运用，进行详细分析。
- 例如一般过去时和现在完成时的区别。
一般过去时强调过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，如“I saw a movie yesterday.”（我昨天看了一部电影。
）；现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，如“I have seen this movie, so I know the plot.”（我已经看过这部电影了，所以我知道情节。
）三、阅读技巧部分。
1. 主旨大意把握。
- 介绍如何通过阅读文章的标题、首段、尾段以及每段的主题句来把握文章的主旨大意。
- 例如，在阅读一篇关于环保的文章时，标题可能是“Protecting Our Environment”，首段可能会提出环境问题的严重性，尾段会给出解决环境问题的建议，而每段的主题句则围绕不同的环保措施或者环境问题的不同方面展开。
2014考研英语阅读理解原文之英语一text4
2014考研英语阅读理解原文之英语一text4Illiberal Education and the 'Heart of the Matter'A new report on the humanities and social sciences misses a big reasonthey're in trouble.ByPETER BERKOWITZJune 30, 2013 6:27 p.m. ET'The Heart of the Matter," the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report's failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences asking that it identify actions that could be taken by "federal, state and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others" to "maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education."In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences, with Duke University President Richard Brodhead and retired Exelon CEO John Rowe as co-chairmen. Among the commission's 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy; stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies.To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students' ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21stcentury, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.One of the more novel ideas in the report is the creation of a "Culture Corps" in cities and town across America to "transmit humanistic and social scientific expertise from one generation to the next."Unfortunately, despite 2½ years in the making, "The Heart of the Matter" never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities.The commission ignores that for several decades America's colleges and universities have produced graduates who don't know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for disseminating "progressive," or left-liberal propaganda.We know from the extensive documentation that William F. Buckley Jr. provided in his stellar critique of American academia, "God and Man at Yale," first published in 1951, that this propagandizing extends back at least to the middle of the 20th century.Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas—such as free markets, self-reliance and a distrust of central planning—as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.Meanwhile, courses proliferate on highly specialized topics—Muslims in movies, gay and lesbian gardeners, the mathematical formalization of political decision making, for example—that closely correspond to professors' niche research interests but contribute little to students' grasp of the broad sweep of Western civilization and its literary, philosophical and religious masterpieces.Through speech codes, endless seminars and workshops designed to teach students how to avoid "offensive" speech—and by handling sexual harassment and sexual-assault allegations with procedures that undermine the presumption of innocence—universities teach students to discount free speech and due process.The American Academy of Arts and Sciences displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.Mr. Berkowitz, a senior fellow at Stanford's Hoover Institution, is author of "Constitutional Conservatism: Liberty, Self-Government and Political Moderation" (Hoover Institution Press, 2013).。
2014年考研英语真题之阅读理解答案与分析(2)
2014年考研英语真题之阅读理解答案与分析(2All around the world,lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession---with the possible exception of journalism.But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.During the decade before the economic crisis,spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation.The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money,tempting ever more students to pile into law schools.But most law graduates never get a big-firm job.Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.There are many reasons for this.One is the excessive costs of a legal education.There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states:a four-year undergraduate degree at one of200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam.This leaves today’s average law-school graduatewith$100,000of debt on top of undergraduate w-school debt means that they have to work fearsomely hard.Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers.Sensible ideas have been around for a long time,but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them.One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree.Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school.If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer,those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so.Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. Except in the District of Columbia,non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm.This keeps fees high and innovation slow.There is pressure for change from within the profession,but opponents ofchange among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.In fact,allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers,by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on impro ving firms’efficiency.After all,other countries,such as Australia and Britain,have started liberalizing their legal professions.America should follow.26.a lot of students take up law as their profession due to[A]the growing demand from clients.[B]the increasing pressure of inflation.[C]the prospect of working in big firms.[D]the attraction of financial rewards.答案:D。
2014年考研英语阅读理解复习指导（四）
2014年考研英语阅读理解复习指导（四）Passage 4Those who welcomed the railway saw it as more than a rapid and comfortable means of passing. They actually saw it as afactor in world peace. They did not foresee that the railway would be just one more means for the rapid movement of aggressive armies. None of them foresaw that the more weare together-the more chances there are of war. Any boy or girl who is one of a large family knows that.Whenever any new invention is put forward, those for it and those against it can always find medical men to approve or condemn. The anti-railway group produced doctors who said that tunnels would be most dangerous to public health: they would produce colds, catarrhs (粘膜炎) and consumptions. The deafening noise and the glare of the engine fire, would have a bad effect on the nerves. Further, being moved through the air at a high speed would do grave injury to delicate lungs. In those with high blood-pressure, the movement of the train might produce apoplexy (中风). The sudden plunging of a train into the darkness of a tunnel, and the equally sudden rush into full daylight, would cause great damage to eyesight. But the pro-railway group was of course able to produce equally famous medical men to say just the opposite. They said that the speed and swing of the train would equalize the circulation, promote digestion, tranquilize the nerves, and ensure good sleep.The actual rolling-stock was anything but comfortable. If it was a test of endurance to sit for four hours outside a coach in rain, or inside in dirty air, the railway offered little more in the way of comfort. Certainly the first-class carriages had cushioned seats;but the second-class had only narrow bare boards, while the third-class had nothing at all; no seats and no roof; they were just open trucks. So that third-class passengers gained nothing from the few mode except speed. In the matter of comfort, indeed they lost; they did, on the coaches, have a seat, but now they had to stand all the way, which gave opportunities to the comic (滑稽的) press. This kind of thing: A man was seen yesterday buying a third-class ticket for the new London and Birmingham Railway. The state of his mind is being enquired into.A writer in the early days of railways wrote feelingly of both second-and third-class carriages. He made the suggestion that the directors of the railways must have sent all over the world to find the hardest possible wood. Of the open third-class trucks he said that they had the peculiar property of meeting the rain from whatever quarter it came. He described them as horizontal shower-baths, from whose searching power there was no escape.1. All boys and girls in large families know that .A) a boy and a girl usually fight when they are togetherB) people tend to be together more than they used to beC) a lot of people being together makes fights likelyD) Railway leads the world to peace2. According to those who welcomed the railway, the railway itself should include all the following except .A) the railway enables people travel fastB) the railway brings comfort to peopleC) the railway makes the world peacefulD) the railway leads the world to war as well.3. According to the anti-railway group, all the followings are true but .A) tunnels are dangerous to public healthB) the noise and the glare of the engine fire may affect people's nervesC) the rapid speed through the air does damage to people's lungsD) to those with high blood-pressure, the rapid speed of the train causes them to die4. We may safely conclude that .A) the author belongs to the anti-railway groupB) the author belongs to the for-railway groupC) the author speaks highly of the railwayD) the author may never take train because of its potential dangers5. What is the tone of this passage?A)PracticalB)SatiricalC)HumorousD)Exaggerated参考答案 1.C 2.D 3.D 4.A 5.C。
考研英语阅读理解外刊原文阅读
Why Socks Help You Sleep Better?为什么穿袜子能让你睡得更香?If you're one of those people who has trouble falling asleep, listen up. You might fall asleep 15 minutes earlier and wake up far less during the night if you put on a pair of socks at bedtime.如果你是那种很难入睡的人，那么听好了。
睡觉前穿上一双袜子或许能让你早睡15分钟，晚上醒来的次数也会少得多。
To understand why, you first need to grasp the relationship between core body temperature and sleep. During daylight hours, the human body hums along at an average temperature of 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit (37 degrees Celsius). But at night, your core body temperature dips as much as 2 degrees Fahrenheit (1.2 degrees Celsius) over the course of six or seven hours of sleep.要理解其中的原因，你首先需要掌握核心体温与睡眠之间的关系。
白天时，人体的平均体温为98.6℉（即37℃）。
而到了晚上，在6-7个小时的睡眠过程中，你的核心体温会下降2℉（即1.2℃）。
This gradual decrease in core body temperature, it turns out, is a key part of the complicated neurobiological dance of falling asleep and staying asleep. And the faster you can lower the core body temperature, the faster you will fall asleep.事实证明，核心体温的逐渐下降是入睡和保持睡眠这一复杂的神经生物学过程的关键部分。
考研英语阅读外刊原文(英国卫报)
Elon Musk reveals Tesla will not accept Bitcoin citing fossil fuel use埃隆·马斯克表示，由于对化石燃料的消耗，特斯拉将不再接受比特币付款Tesla CEO, Elon Musk has announced that the company has suspended customers’ use of Bitcoin to purchase its vehicles, citing concerns about the use of fossil fuel for bitcoin mining.特斯拉首席执行官埃隆·马斯克宣布，特斯拉将不再接受客户使用比特币买车，理由是担心挖矿过多消耗化石燃料。
In a statement, Musk noted that Tesla was concerned about rapidly increasing use of fossil fuels for Bitcoin mining and transactions, especially coal, which has the worst emissions of any fuel.马斯克在一份声明中指出，特斯拉对比特币开采和交易中所消耗化石燃料的迅速增加感到担忧，尤其是对碳排放影响最大的煤。
“Cryptocurrency is a good idea on many levels and we believe it has a promising future, but this cannot come at great cost to the environment,” Musk says.马斯克称：“从很多层面上来说，加密货币是个好点子，我们相信它会有一个光明的未来，但这绝不能以牺牲环境为代价。
”The Tesla and SpaceX chief is an ardent supporter of cryptocurrencies and has inspired big market swings in the prices of digital coins this year, including Bitcoin and Dogecoin.身为特斯拉和SpaceX首席执行官的马斯克也是加密货币的狂热支持者，他今年推动了比特币和狗狗币等数字货币价格的大幅波动。
14年考研英语作文
14年考研英语作文The Importance of Reading。
As the saying goes, “Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.” Reading is an essential part of our lives, and it plays a significant role in our personal and professional growth. It is an excellent way to expand our knowledge, improve our vocabulary and language skills, and broaden our horizons.First and foremost, reading is a great way to acquire knowledge. Whether it is reading books, newspapers, or online articles, we can learn about various subjects, including history, science, literature, and current events. Reading helps us stay informed about the world around us and keeps us updated on the latest developments in our fields of interest.Moreover, reading is an excellent way to improve our vocabulary and language skills. By reading books, we canlearn new words, phrases, and expressions that we can usein our writing and speaking. Reading also helps us understand the correct usage of grammar and sentence structure, which is essential for effective communication.Furthermore, reading can broaden our horizons and expose us to different cultures, ideas, and perspectives. Through reading, we can travel to different parts of the world, experience different lifestyles, and learn about different customs and traditions. This exposure can help us become more open-minded, empathetic, and tolerant individuals.In conclusion, reading is an essential part of our lives, and we should make it a habit to read regularly. It is a great way to acquire knowledge, improve our language skills, and broaden our horizons. As the famous American author Mark Twain once said, “The man who does not read good books has no advantage over the man who cannot read them.” So, let us all make reading a priority in our lives and reap the benefits that it offers.。
07年考研英语阅读理解精读100篇unit14
The train was running late， but the 35 aboriginal children who had travelled for two hours through the South Australian desert to meet it did not seem to mind. It was， after all， Australia's and one of the world‘s most unusual train journeys. When the Indian Pacific passenger train finally ground to a halt at Watson， a siding on Australia's transcontinental line，the children burst into a rendition of a Spanish Christmas song， “Feliz Navidad”， as Father Christmas disembarked to distribute gifts. Watson is a red desert moonscape on the Nullarbor Plain at the eastern end of the world's longest stretch of straight rail track， 478km （297 miles）。
This is a mere one-tenth of the 4，352km， three-day journey the train was making between Sydney on Australia‘s east coast and Perth on the west coast. The Indian Pacific and its predecessors， such as the Tea and Sugar Train that took provisions to isolated outback communities， were once symbols of Australia's conquest of its vast distances. But by the 1990s， air travel and the neglect of Australia’s railways by their federal and state-government owners almost killed the last east-west passenger train. After threatening to close the loss-making Indian Pacific， the federal government in Canberra sold it and the Ghan，another outback passenger train， to Great Southern Railway （GSR）， a British-owned private consortium， in 1997. GSR has now turned a first-year loss of A$20m （$15m） into a small operating profit by restoring rolling stock， hiring young， multi-skilled， non-unionised crews and re-marketing the trains to locals and tourists alike. One innovation was to send the Indian Pacific on a whistle-stop Christmas run taking gifts and music to the outback. This year's journey， the fifth，with impromptu concerts at remote sidings by Jimmy Barnes， an Australian rock star， drew the biggest crowds so far. Broken Hill， a town in western New South Wales struggling since its big silver， lead and zinc mine started winding down， now relies on the Indian Pacific‘s tourist passengers for economic lifeblood. The Ghan's revival on the north-south transcontinental line has been even more remarkable. The 65，000-plus passengers it carried through the Northern Territory in 2004 were 60% more than in the previous year. Public interest grew after the opening of a new line between Alice Springs and Darwin， allowing people to make the two-day journey from Adelaide by rail for the first time. GSR plans to double the Ghan‘s frequency in 2005. The railway revival still has inefficiencies to overcome. The Indian Pacific competes for space on the single track with trains that carry 80% of the freight between Australia's east and west coasts. Though most of the line is straight and flat，speed limitations mean this is not a journey for anyone in a hurry. 注（1）：本⽂选⾃Economist； 12/18/2004， p54-54， 2/5p； 注（2）：本⽂习题命题模仿对象2004年真题Text 1； 1.What was the Indian Pacific like before its selling to GSR？ [A]It always posed a threat to the federal government. [B]It was mainly used for carrying cargos. [C]It almost broke down and collapsed. [D]It helped Australia conquer its vast land. 2.Which of the following is not true about “the Indian Pacific”？ [A]It was not popular with passengers with its low speed. [B]It used to be a symbol of Australia's conquest of its vast distance. [C]It almost disappeared because of the air travel and the neglect of Australia's railway. [D]Many ways have been adopted to revive it. 3.The main idea of paragraph 3 and paragraph 4 is that __________. [A]what is the use of reviving the railway [B]what effect the revival of the railway has brought about [C]how to deal with the difficulties in the development of railway [D]how the measures are adopted to revive the collapsing railways 4.What benefit can the revival of the railway bring to some remote and rural area？ [A]It can bring happiness to the children there. [B]It can help develop the economy. [C]It can lessen the burden of the government. [D]It can bring a lot of job opportunities. 5.What difficulty is the Indian Pacific facing today？ [A]The train goes so slowly that many people will not take it. [B] The frequency of using the single track line is low. [C] The space for developing the Indian Pacific is not large enough. [D]Carrying passengers is less profitable than carrying the freight. 答案：CADBC 篇章剖析 本⽂介绍了澳⼤利亚⼀些通往内地的乘客列车由于某些原因⼏乎陷⼊关闭的境地，现在澳⼤利亚正在掀起复兴铁路的热潮。
考研英语阅读外刊
考研英语阅读外刊Reading English-language periodicals is an essential part of my preparation for the postgraduate entrance examination. It not only enhances my vocabulary but also familiarizes me with various writing styles.The articles I encounter in these publications often challenge my comprehension skills, pushing me to think critically and analytically about the information presented. It's a rigorous exercise that strengthens my ability to grasp complex ideas.One of the most rewarding aspects of reading these materials is the exposure to diverse perspectives on global issues. It broadens my horizons and helps me understand different viewpoints, which is invaluable in the context of a competitive exam.Moreover, the practice of summarizing and analyzing articles has significantly improved my writing skills. I've learned to convey complex thoughts concisely, a skill that is highly relevant to the essay section of the exam.The process, although demanding, is incredibly enriching. It has taught me discipline and the importance of consistent effort in achieving academic goals.I also appreciate the cultural insights these readingsprovide. Understanding the nuances of English-language journalism has helped me to appreciate the subtleties of the language, which is crucial for both reading and writing sections of the test.Lastly, integrating this habit into my daily routine has made my study schedule more dynamic. It's a refreshing break from the monotony of textbooks and provides a more engaging way to improve my English proficiency.In conclusion, engaging with English-language periodicals has been a pivotal strategy in my journey towards mastering the English section of the postgraduate exam. It's a comprehensive approach that has not only improved my test-taking skills but also enriched my overall understanding of the English language.。
2014考研英语阅读真题：考研英语第1篇-毙考题
2014考研英语阅读真题：考研英语（一）第1篇In order to “change lives for the better” and reduce “dependency,”George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, introduced the “upfront work search” scheme.Only if the jobless arrive at the job-center with a CV, register for online job search,and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefit —and then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly.What could be more reasonable? More apparent reasonableness followed.There will now be a seven-day wait for the job-seeker’s allowance.“Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on,” he claimed.“We’re doing these things because we know they help people stay off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster.”Help? Really? On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better,complete with “reforms” to an obviously indulgent system thatdemands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness.What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for “fundamental fairness”protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.Losing a job is hurting: you don’t skip down to the job centre with a song in your heart,delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state.It is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get.You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life.Worse, the crucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills has disappeared.Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always: a job.But in Osborne land, your first instinct is to fall into dependency--permanent dependency if you can get itsupported by a state only too ready to indulge your falsehood.It is as though 20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happened.The principle of British welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens.Even the very phrase “job-seeker’s allowance” is about redefining the unemployed as a “job-seeker” who had no fundamental right to a benefit,he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions.Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited “allowance,” conditional on actively seeking a job;no entitlement and no insurance, at 71.70 pounds a week, one of the least generous in the EU.为了”让生活变得更好”，减少”依赖”，财政大臣乔治·奥斯本引进了”前期工作搜索”方案。
考研英语阅读unit-14
Unit 14Storms make trees take deeper roots.P art ADirections：Read the following texts. Answer the questions blow each text by choosing [A],[B],[C] or [D].Text 1When Julius Caesar made his triumphal entrance into Rome in 45 BC, he celebrated by giving a feast at which thousands of guests gorged on poultry, seafood and game. Similar celebrations featuring exorbitant consumption of animal flesh have marked human victories — in war, sport, politics and commerce —since our species learned to control fire. Throughout the developing world today, one of the first things people do as they climb out of poverty is to shift from their peasant diet of mainly grains and beans to one that is rich in pork or beef. Since 1950, per capital consumption of meat around the globe has more doubled.Meat, it seems, is not just food but reward as well. But in the coming century, that will change. Much as we have awakened to the full economic and social costs of cigarettes, we will find we can no longer subsidize or ignore the costs of mass-producing cattle, poultry, pigs, sheep and fish to feed our growing population. These costs include hugely inefficient use of fresh water and land, heavy pollution from livestock feces, rising rates of heart disease and other degenerative illness, and spreading destruction of the forests on which much of ou r planet’s life depends.First, consider the impact on supplies of fresh water. To produce 1kg of feedlot beef requires 7 kg of feed grain, which takes 1000 kg of water to grow. Pass up one hamburger, and you’ll save as much as water as you save by taking 40 showers with a low-flow nozzle. Yet in the U.S., 70% of all the wheat, corn and other grain produced goes to feeding herds of livestock. Around the world, as more water is diverted to raising pigs and chickens instead of producing crops for direct consumption, millions of wells are going dry. India, China, North Africa and the U.S. are all running freshwater deficits, pumping more from their aquifers than rain can replenish. As populations in water scarce regions continue to expand, governments will inevitably act to cut these deficits by shifting water to grow food, not feed. The new policies will raise the price of meat to levels unaffordable for any but the rich.That prospect will doubtlessly provoke protests that direct consumption of grain can’t provide the same protein that meat provides. Indeed, it can’t. But nutritionists will attest that most people in the richest countries don’t need nearly as much protein as we’re currently getting from meat, and there are plenty of vegetable sources — including the grains now squandered on feed —that can provide the protein we need.1. T he author cites the example of Caesar’s feat to suggest that[A] Caesar made a big triumphal entrance into Rome .[B] the victory was celebrated with various kinds of meat.[C] people think eating meat is a symbol of wealth and victory.[D] Caesar and his guests enjoy the feast with meet very much.2. The author compares meat eating to cigarette smoking because[A] both of them are personal habits.[B] they cost a lot of economic and social resources.[C] eating meat can be expensive if people like to smoke.[D] they can lead to some serious diseases.3. What can be inferred from paragraph 3?[A] To produce the same amount of beef needs 7000 times the weight of water.[B] The resources we need to make a hamburger equal to that of 40 showers.[C] As more water is used to raise poultry, water scarce regions will increase.[D] To control water deficit, governments will raise the price of meat.4. According to the text, which of the following is true?[A] Only a small part of the grain is directly consumed in the world.[B] Eating meat might be a symbol of richness in the future.[C] People today eat much more meat than what is necessary.[D] Many rich countries face the problem of fresh water shortage.5. Which is the best title for the text?[A] The change of food structure in America.[B] Water shortage caused by meat consumption.[C] The increase of meat supply around the globe.[D] The cost of meat consumption.Text 2I agree that the Canadian immersion and bilingual schools have been successful in producing functionally bilingual students. In the province of Manitoba, there are French, Ukrainian, and German immersion schools; Hebrew bilingual schools; and a school for native Indian students. English immersion programs are popular for students from the province of Quebec as well as from countries such as Libya and Japan. However, Mr. Whelpton’s suggested condition that teachers in these schools must be fully bilingual may be unnecessary. For example, primary teachers can and do function with a smaller vocabulary than secondary teachers.Secondly, it is doubtful that students will use English because they “understand and accept the objective of making English the language of the classroom,”which is a rather sterile motive. One reason that Canadian immersion programs work is because of the commitment to Whole Language Learning ,that is, children learn a language,(first or second),by using it to transmit or receive meaningful messages that are interesting, real and important.They want to make their needs and desires known and to understand the world around them. Immersion programs integrate language and content in an activity-based, child-centered manner so that the child is motivated to use the second language as a tool to transmit and receive messagesrelated to social and academic interests. In addition the second language is modeled throughout the school, is encouraged and rewarded, and thus becomes the language of choice. It is not necessary to “abandon” Cantonese; an immersion program should provide some daily instruction in the first language.Mr. Whelpton’s third argument that all the students in one class need to be at approximately the same level of English proficiency when they switch to English is unrealistic and unprofitable. How does a teacher group children who have a huge vocabulary but poor grammar skills and others who have correct grammar but a poor vocabulary?Also, suppose the students have similar language abilities but different learning styles! The odds are that a teacher, at any point in time, will be teaching at a level that is too difficult for one-third, too easy for one-third and appropriate for the final one-third of the students. Hence the concept of co-operative learning: students in heterogeneous groups with a mixture of personalities, talents and weaknesses (a more realistic reflection of life) learn better as they co-operate, instead of compete, and depend on each other for support and information. This type of learning environment frees the teacher from the traditional lecturing mode in favor of circulating, monitoring and challenging the students to make use of their different experiences to expand their knowledge and skills.6. The writer’s attitude towards the Canadian immersion program is[A] balanced. [B] unenthusiastic.[C] supportive. [D] critical.7.The word “sterile” (Line 2, Para 2 )is closest in meaning to[A] uninspiring. [B] unusual.[C] stereotypical. [D] uninformative.8. The Canadian immersion program has been a success because[A] it makes English the language of the classroom.[B] students in classrooms are at about the same level.[C] students can use their first language freely in classrooms.[D] it works towards real life goals of the students.9. According to the author the reality of classroom teaching is[A] more straightforward than Mr. Whelpton describes.[B] more difficult to control than Mr. Whelpton describes.[C] more lively than Mr. Whelpton describes.[D] more complicated than Mr. Whelpton describes.10. The author uses a colon (Line 3, Para 5) to[A] give evidence for the point made. [B] explain the term.[C] introduce the consequence. [D] provide a reason.Text 3The strongest case for globalization is the liberal one. It is almost never heard, least of all from governments or businessmen. International economic integration, on the liberal view, is what happens when technology allows people to pursue their own goals and they are given the liberty to do so. If technology advances to the point where it supports trade across borders, and if people then choose to trade across borders, you have integration, and because people have freelychosen it this is a good thing. Also, again because people have freely chosen this course, you would expect there to be economic benefits as well.By and large, theory and practice confirm that this is so. Adam Smith’s invisible hand does its work. People choose what serves their own self-interest, each of them making that judgment for himself. The result is that society as a whole prospers and advances spontaneously, not by design of any person or government.All kinds of qualifications and elaborations are needed, obviously, to fill out the argument properly. This survey will offer some of them in due course. But it is essential to understand one point from the outset. The liberal case for globalization is emphatically not the case for domestic or international laisser faire. Liberalism lays down no certainties about the requirements of social justice in terms of income redistribution or the extent of the welfare state. It recognizes that markets have their limits, for instance intending to the supply of public goods (such as a clean environment). A liberal outlook is consistent with support for a wide range of government interventions; indeed a liberal outlook demands many such interventions.But the starting point for all liberals is a presumption that, under ordinary circumstances, the individual knows best what serves his interests and that the blending of these individual choices will produce socially good results. Two other things follow. The first is an initial skepticism, at least, about collective decision making that overrides the individual kind. The other is a high regard for markets not as a place where profits are made, it must be stressed, but as a place where society advances in the common good.Why then are governments and business leaders rarely heard to put this case? Because for the most part they are not liberals. Perhaps it goes with the job that politicians of left and right, traditional and modern, have an exaggerated view of their ability to improve on the spontaneous order of a lightly governed society.11. What is the liberal’s understanding of the economic integration?[A] It is designed by the government.[B] It has nothing to do with technology.[C] It is people’s own choice.[D] It brings to people economic benefits.12. What does t he word “argument” (Line 1, Paragraph 3) refer?[A] People choose what serves their own self-interest.[B] Technology allows people to pursue their own goals.[C] Theory and practice confirm that this is so.[D] Society as a whole prospers and advances spontaneously.13. It can be inferred from Para 3 that[A] the global liberal is either domestic or international laisser faire.[B] liberalism requires social justice and the extent of the welfare state.[C] liberals can supply markets with a clean environment.[D] a liberal outlook demands many government interventions.14. The initial skepticism most probably thinks that[A] the combination of individual choices produces socially good results.[B] market is a place where society advances in the common good.[C] the individual knows best what serves his interests.[D] collective decision making overrides the individual kind.15. According to the text, who can be a liberal?[A] Adam Smith. [B] A businessman.[C] A business leader. [D] A politician.Text 4A couple of months ago, Blanca Nubia Chamorro, aged 12, found a ball in her village in southern Nicaragua. As she was playing, it blew up. Blanca now lies in hospital without her left arm and right hand.Years after all fighting has stopped, landmines continue to cripple people in countries that have savage wars, including Nicaragua, Cambodia and Mozambique. Afghanistan, where new fighting is now awaited, may still be the most heavily mined area in the world. Moreover, the vile contraptions continue to be planted by governments or rebels in some 25 countries. According to the International Campaign to Ban Landmines (IGBL), mines claim well over 15,000 victims a year in about 90 countries. At least matters are not as bad as they were. As they got together in Nicaragua on September 18th, the parties to the 1997 Ottawa convention which bans the use, production, stockpiling, sale and purchase of landmines had cause for congratulation. The ICBL was able to report that 185 square meters (46,000 acres) of mined territory was cleared last year; the number of producers has shrunk from 55 to 14 over the past few years; trade seems to have come to a halt; stockpiles are shrinking, with 27m mines destroyed; the number of new victims, while still high, is declining. There are now 120 full members of the convention, with another 21 on the way.Yet 240m landmines are still thought to be stockpiled in about 100 countries. The Ottawa convention requires members to clean up their arsenals within four years, but nearly 20 countries have not even started to do so. More to the point, most of the world’s landmines are held by countries that have declined to sign the treaty. Russia and America, two determined non-joiners, have stockpiles estimated at 65m and 11m respectively. Theoretically, the Ottawa convention is legally binding, but identifying the culprits, let alone enforcing the law, is not easy. Many members have not yet provided clear information about their landmines, an obligation under the convention. Monitoring what is happening to the mines is difficult and time-consuming and is not part of the convention: most of the work is carried out by the IGBL’s 115 researchers. And even when countries are found guilty, bringing them back into line depends on peer pressure, since no clear penalty system has been devised.Another troubling point is that the convention binds only governments. Yet landmines are a weapon of choice for rebels. The Nicaraguan meeting acknowledged that insurgents too should give them up. But it will take much more than peer pressure to get them to do so.16. The author’s purpose in writing Para.1 is[A] to make it interesting to attract the readers.[B] to show the tragedy that landmines produce.[C] to tell the reader a story of a pitiful girl.[D] to introduce something about landmines .17. Which of the following is true about landmines?[A] Mozambique and Afghanistan are among the most heavily mined areas.[B] In more than twenty countries, governments or rebels still use landmines.[C] The September 18th convention covers the use and sell of landmines[D] The landmine storage declines, thanks to the removal of many arsenals,.18. The IGBL congratulated because[A] a wide area of mined territory was found and the landmines were destroyed.[B] the reduction of producers caused the shrinking of landmine stockpiles.[C] trade of landmines had been stopped due to pressure from members.[D] the number of new victims in about 90 countries declined to a satisfying level.19. The phrase “on the way” (Line 10, Para 2) most probably means[A] planning to join. [B] planning to withdraw from the treaty.[C] planning to use landmines. [D] planning to abandon landmines.20. The underlined sentence in Para 3 shows that[A] many members haven’t reported their landmines clearly and timely.[B] surveying what is happening to the mines is difficult and wastes time.[C] it is difficult to put the culprits under penalty since the law is imperfect.[D] the convention binds both governments and rebels to plant landmines.Part BDirections:You are going to read a text, followed by a list of examples. Choose the best item from the list [A]-[F] for each numbered subheading (21-25). There is one extra item which you do not need to use.The high-tech revolution has inspired a seemingly endless stream of new and exciting electronic products that we just can’t live without. In fact, the dizzying speed of technological innovation can make last year’s must-have this year’s junk.And that’s the problem. The average life span of a personal computer has shrunk to around 18 months —and this had nothing to do with worn-out mice or damaged disk drives. Simply put, electronic products can become obsolete before you’ve even figured out how they work.21. However，out-fashioned electronic machines are disposed in ways disagreeable.Many end up in landfills and that is where the trouble really begins. Computer monitors can contain up to 3.5kg of lead and can actually be considered hazardous waste once they are no longer in use. Circuit boards in electronic products contain cadmium, chromium and mercury, all of which are toxic substances that can leach into groundwater if left in a landfill.22. Unfortunately, disposal problem is growing by the minute.In Europe, 6 million metric tons of electrical and electronic equipment were generated in 1998 alone, and that volume is expected to increase three to five percent per year — which means by 2010 it could nearly double.23. Actions are taken to answer the problem raised by techno-trash.24. Companies are searching for new ways of tackling disposal issues before they become a problem, thus eliminating the need for legislative solutions. One way to reduce waste is to avoid throwing this away in the first place. Many companies reuse parts from old products in new models. This is not cheating — it makes both environmental and economic sense.25. Electronic products garbage cannot necessarily be reined in during only one phase.IBM, meanwhile, recently unveiled programs in Canada and the U.S. that, for a small fee, will take back not just an IBM but any manufacturer’s computer. Depending on the age andcondition, the equipment will then be either refurbished and donated to charity, or broken down and mined for reusable parts and recyclable materials.[A] Canon, for example, has adopted a corporate philosophy known as”kyosei”. In Canon’s context it means “living and working together for the common good”—including a fundamental goal of achieving sustainable economic development and harmony between the environment and corporate activities. The company has even gone so far as to say that environmental assurance should come before all business activities, and that companies incapable of achieving such assurance do not deserve to remain in business.[B] In Japan alone, consumers throw away some 20 million TVs, washing machines, refrigerators and air conditioners each year.[C] In 1999, the recoverable ratio including closed recycling, was 97 percent for Bubble Jet ink cartridges in Japan.[D] The European Commission has proposed a directive that would require all electronic manufacturers to take back and properly dispose of all electronic products, regardless of their age. The details are still being ironed out, but some version of the directive will most probably become law in the next few years. Similar legislation is in preparation in the U. S. and has already been passed in Japan.[E] Old keyboards, monitors, organizers and CPUs are stashed away in the attic or forgotten in a corporate warehouse, taking up valuable space.[F] One concept，called “design for the environment”is in evidence at Kyocera Mita, whose Ecosys laser printers do not use disposable toner cartridges. Using advanced ceramics technology, these printers include a durable print drum with a super-hard coating that can produce up 300,000 pages of high-quality printing. Not only does this make ecological sense and keep cartridges out landfills, but also it saves the customer money.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Our age is in many ways unique, full of phenomena that never occurred before and never can again. They distort our thinking, making us believe that what is true now will be true forever, though perhaps on a larger scale. Because we have overcome distance on this planet, we imagine that we can do the same in space. 26)The truth is otherwise, and we will see it more clearly if we forget the present and turn our minds toward the past.To our ancestors, the vastness of the earth was a dominant factor in their thoughts and lives. No man could ever see more than a tiny fraction of the earth. Only a lifetime ago, parents waved farewell to their emigrating children, knowing that they would never see them again. Now, within one incredible generation, all this has changed. Psychologically as well as physically, there are no longer any remote places on earth. 27)When a friend leaves for what was once a distant country, we cannot feel that same sense of unchanged separation that saddened our forefathers. We know that he is only hours away by plane, and we have merely to reach for the telephone to hear his voice.When the satellite communication network is fully established, it will be as easy to see friends on the far side of earth as to talk to them on the other side of town. Then the world will shrink no more. 28)From a world that has become too small, we are moving out into one that will be forever large, whose frontiers will recede from us always more swiftly than we can reach outtoward them.Modern technology might seem to make even the solar system a comfortable homey place. You might think that such giant planets as Saturn and Jupiter would come to hold the same place in our thoughts that African and Asia do today. 29)Remember, however, that as soon as we pass beyond the orbit of the moon, a mere quarter-million miles away, we will meet the first of the barriers that will separate the earth from her widely scattered children — time.The wonderful telephone and television network that will soon cover the whole world can never be extended into space. It will never be possible to talk with anyone on another planet.30)The problem is the length of time necessary for the transmission of the message, which will take minutes or hours to travel, because radio and light waves travel at the rate of 186,000 miles a second and cannot be hurried up. In distances of more than a million miles, the time lag will be intolerable. Under such circumstances an exchange of verbal messages is possible —but not a conversation.做题点拨与全文翻译Part AText 1语境词汇1. gorge vt.贪婪地吞咽n.咽喉；山峡2. exorbitant a.过度的；极高的3. subsidize vt.给…津贴或补贴4. degenerative a.变质的；退化的；退步的5. divert vt.使转移；使得到消遣6. aquifer n地下蓄水层；砂石含水层7. replenish vt.补充8. provoke vt.激起，激怒9. attest vt.证明；作为…的见证10. squander vt.（指钱、财产等）浪费难句突破1.[Much as we have awakened to the full economic and social costs of cigarettes,] we will find we can no longer subsidize or ignore the costs of mass-producing cattle, poultry, pigs, sheep and fish [to feed our growing population.]【分析】复合句。
考研英语阅读外刊原文（英国卫报）
考研英语阅读外刊原文（英国卫报）TheWorldWastesRoughlyaSixthoftheFoodProducedEachYear 全球每年大约六分之一的食物被浪费Eachyear,theworldwastesaboutone-sixthofthefoodavailabletoconsumers.That''sthefindingofanewUnitedNation sreport.Thereportnowestimatesglobalfoodlossesatabout93 1millionmetrictons.That''sanaverageof121kilograms(267po unds)foreachman,womanandchildonEarth.?联合国的一份最新报告显示，全球每年大约有六分之一的食物被消费者浪费掉。
该报告估计，目前全球食物浪费量约为9.31亿吨。
这相当于地球上的每个男人、女人和孩子平均浪费了121公斤（约合267磅）。
Whatisn''teatenalsowastesalloftheresourcesusedtomakethatfood,notesMartinaOtto.?BasednearParis,France ,sheworksfortheU.N.EnvironmentProgram(UNEP).Thosereso urcesincludethewater,energy,money,humanlaborandmore.?在法国巴黎附近为联合国环境规划署工作的玛蒂娜·奥托指出，未被食用的食物也会浪费所有用于制造食物的资源（包括水、能源、金钱、人力等）。
Wastedfood"doesnotfeedpeople,butitdoesfeedclimatechange", addedOttoduringaMarch4newsconference.?Some690million peoplegohungryeachyear.Morethan3billionpeoplecan''tafford ahealthydiet.?奥托在3月4日的新闻发布会上补充道，浪费掉的食物“不能养活人们，但却会引发气候变化”。
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Recording of mother's voice more effective than smoke alarm, study finds
研究发现，妈妈声音的录音比烟雾警报还有效
It’s every parent’s worst nightmare: there’s a fire in the house, the alarms are beeping, but the children are sleeping on oblivious. Now scientists say they have found a better way to rouse slumbering youngsters.
每个为人父母的人最恐怖的噩梦是：房子着火了，报警器“哔哔”地响着，但孩子们还流连梦乡，对火情毫无察觉。
科学家们说，他们现在找到了一个更好的办法去叫醒睡着
的孩子。
Researchers in the US have discovered that playing a child a recording of their mother’s voice is about three times more likely to wake them than a traditional alarm. What’s more, it does so faster and is linked to a quicker escape.
美国的研究人员发现，相比于播放传统的警报声，孩子妈妈声音的录音把孩子们叫醒的可能性高了大约三倍。
而且，听到妈妈声音的孩子醒得更快，后续逃跑得也更快。
“If we can get something that can be generically developed and just taken straight out of the packet then that is our goal,” said Dr Gary Smith, a co-author of the research.
这项研究的合著者加里·史密斯博士说：“如果我们能找到一种易于开发、即取即用的东西，那么这就是我们的目标了。
”
Writing in The Journal of Pediatrics, Smith and colleagues from the Nationwide Children’s hospita l in Ohio report how they compared the effects of four different smoke alarms on 176 children aged between 5 and 12 years old.
来自俄亥俄州全国儿童医院的史密斯和他
的同事们在《儿科学期刊》上发表了一篇研究。
他们在研究中报告，他们招募了176 个5 到12 岁的小孩作为实验对象，并比较了四种烟雾警报声的效果。
While one alarm featured a high-pitched beep—the sort commonly found in households—the other three featured the voice of the child’s mother calling either the child’s name, giving instructions such as: “Wake up! Leave the room!”, or both.
其中一种警报的特征是高音调的“哔哔”声——那种经常在家里听到的声音，而其他的三种警报都以孩子妈妈的声音为特征：其中一种喊着孩子的名字，一种给孩子下诸如“醒醒！快离开这个房间！”的指令，第三种既喊名字又下指令。
The results show that vocal alarms appear to be more effective than high-pitched beeps. About 90% of children woke for a voice alarm compared with just over 53% for the traditional alarm.
研究结果表明，人声警报似乎比高音调的“哔哔”声更有效。
约90% 的小孩被人声警报叫醒，而传统警报仅叫醒了超过53%的小孩。
In addition, the children shook off their slumbers faster, with a median value of two seconds for the voice alarm compared with more than two and a half minutes for the traditional alarm. Similarly, escape times were longer in the cases of the beeping alarms.
另外，当警报是妈妈的声音时，孩子更快地从睡梦中被叫醒了，叫醒所需的时间中位数是 2 秒。
相比之下，传统警报所需时间的中位数超过2.5 分钟。
同样地，当警报是“哔哔”声时，逃跑所需的时间更长。
Rick Hylton of the National Fire Chiefs Council welcomed the study, but said people should not worry about how effective their current alarms are.
英国国家消防长官委员会的里克·希尔顿表达了对这个研究成果的认可，但他表示，人们不应该因此对他们现有烟雾警报的有效性感到担忧。
—————文章来源/ 卫报。