上海市2020年高三英语一模专题汇编：写作
(完整版)2020上海高考英语一模概要写作指导写作汇编
上海高考英语题型训练: 写作2020高三第一学期期末质量抽查IV. Summary Writing （10 分）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point （s）of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 松江It goes without saying that the language spoken by the majority of British people has the same name as the language spoken by most citizens of the U.S.A. Nonetheless, quite apart from well-documented lexical （词汇的）differences - pavement/sidewalk, lift/elevator, etc. - there are still some words and phrases which can cause confusion and misunderstanding between speakers of the two different forms. That's why sonic people say that Great Britain and the United States are nations separated by a common language. There are practical reasons for this.When the first English settlers arrived in what we now call America, the language they spoke was naturally the same as that spoken by their compatriots （同胞）on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean. However, they immediately saw things which didn't exist in Europe, often items used and made by Native Americans, such as canoes and moccasins and creatures such as buffalo. They also picked up words which they heard being used by other European immigrants. The word "boss”,for example, was used by settlers from Holland in New York in the mid-17th century. It comes from the Dutch word "baas'" which means master. The word "cookie" also comes from the Dutch "koekje”.There are many words, phrases and even grammatical structures which are mistaken for Americanisms （美式英语用语）in Britain when they are nothing of the sort. Very often, they represent not an American import, but an original form of British English which has disappeared in Britain. The verbs "guess” meaning think and “loan” me aning lend and the adjective "mad" meaning angry are frequently criticized as Americanisms, yet they all appeared in British English hundreds of years ago. In the case of “loan”, it was used as long ago as 1,200 years! In fact, English spoken in the UK has changed so thoroughly in the last 500 years that American English now represents the last place where some original British English forms can be found.参考答案：Although American English and British English are the same language, there are great differences. Two reasons account for the phenomenon. New words were created after the first English settlers in America saw new things and learned words from other Europeans. Additionally, some original expressions have been changed by British people while they are still being used by Americans.崇明Giving ThanksThis is the season for taking the time to reflect on what we're thankful for in life. Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidays so special. But why should we limit it to just a few weeks in the years? Gratitude is amuscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier, happier humans and leaders.Emmons, through his research, found that grateful people reported feeling healthier, both mentally and physically. Specifically, those who were grateful were 25 percent happier than those who weren't. In the workplace, well-being is a crucial topic when it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement. Beyond the research that shows that employees who arc shown that they arc appreciated arc more productive by 50 percent, caring for your employees’ well-being is simply the right thing to do. Providing programs that support managing life's everyday challenges, offering fitness classes or implementing flexible work schedules are just a few things that, when paired with gratitude, can lead to more productive, engaged and happier working professionals.Working in an ever-evolving, fast-paced industry, I am surrounded by ambitious people who are always striving for more and better. Gratitude challenges yon to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future. It starts by paying attention to what's going on in your life, and that true self-awareness is a key ingredient to being successful in your career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships, both at work and in your personal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.The old saying goes “It’s never too late to say you’re sorry,” but the same is true of gratitude. That’s a gift worth celebrating 365 days a year.参考答案：We should show gratitude year-round as it is beneficial to both our personal and professional life. First, it helps our physical and mental health and makes us happier, thus promoting production at work. Second, it makes us more self-aware, which can contribute to career success. Lastly，it makes us more likely to forgive others and helps build strong relationships. (59 words)虹口The Zeigarnik EffectHave you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school or work when you were trying to focus on other things? Or perhaps you wondered what would happen next in your favorite TV show or film series. If you have, you’ve experienced the Zeigarnik effect. You tend to remember unfinished tasks better than finished tasks. Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect can be put into use in everyday life.The effect is especially well suited for helping overcome procrastination or delaying an action to a later time. We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming. However, the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to just get started. The first step could be something small and seemingly insignificant. In fact, it’s probably best if it’s something fairly easy.The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam. The effect tells us that breaking up study periods can actually improve recall. So instead of cramming for an exam all in one sitting, breaks should be scheduled inwhich the student focuses on something else. This will cause intrusive（侵入的）thoughts, enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that must be remembered, leading to better recall when they take the exam.The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental health problems. If an individual leaves important tasks incomplete, the intrusive thoughts that result can lead to stress, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and emotional distress. Conversely, completing a task can give an individual a sense of accomplishment and lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well - being.The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used to positively impact your work productivity.参考答案：The Zeigarnik effect, the tendency to remember incomplete tasks better than complete ones, is useful in daily life. Firstly, it can keep people from putting off things when they start with a small step. Besides, it encourages breaks in students’ study, thus improving recall in exams. Thirdly, it promotes mental health by providing the motivation needed to finish tasks.徐汇The Decline of BiodiversityBiodiversity is the range of living things in an area. During the last 100 years, scientists have seen a great decline in biodiversity. Some studies show that one in eight plant species is threatened with extinction. It is estimated that 140,000 species of plants are lost each year.Most of the extinctions in the last thousand years are due to humans. The main cause is the chopping down of tropical rain forests. Most of this destruction is done to create pasture (牧场) for beef cattle. Many rainforests in Central and South America have been burnt down to make way for cattle farming, which supplies beef to the rest of the world. It is estimated that for each pound of beef produced, 200 square feet of rainforest are destroyed. The forests are also cut down to make wheat for bread as well as fruit for human consumption.The introduction of exotic (外来的) species is another threat. The latest research from the University of Southampton has revealed the impact of exotic species upon native wildlife, which could potentially lead to the extinctions of local species. When exotic species are introduced to a place, they try to establish a self-sustaining population. While the local species, which haven’t had a chance to evolve, often lack defenses and thus cannot compete against the exotic species.The disappearance of certain food animals can be disastrous not only to larger animals but also to the entire ecosystem. It is these small creatures which convert much of the energy in an ecosystem from unusable (i.e. microscopic plants, decaying matter, etc.) into usable forms, namely their bodies. Their absence makes most energy and nutrients trapped in forms unusable to other species. This makes the environment less suitable for healthy living, and less capable of producing resources that humans need.参考答案：Biodiversity is declining fast. One major reason is that people cut downtropical rain forests to raise cattle for beef or to grow food. Another reason is that some local species may extinct because they cannot compete with exotic species. The disappearance of certain species can do great harm to the ecosystem and environment.（54 words）VI. Guided Writing (25 分)Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below m Chinese.松江你校准备为高三学生开展一次普及上海历史知识的活动，现有两个方案征求大家意见：1. 学校组织学生集体驱车前往上海市历史博物馆(Shanghai History Museum),现场参观并聆听专业讲解员(professional museum guide)介绍上海历史，共计五小时；2. 学校邀.请某知名大学历史教授到校以“上海历史''为主题做讲座，共计两小时。
2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编—概要写作(含答案)(精校版)
2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编—概要写作（含答案）（精校版）One【虹口区】The Zeigarnik EffectHave you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school or work when you were trying to focus on other things? Or perhaps you wondered what would happen next in your favorite TV show or film series. If you have, you’ve experienced the Zeigarnik effect. You tend to remember unfinished tasks better than finished tasks. Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect can be put into use in everyday life.The effect is especially well suited for helping overcome procrastination or delaying an action to a later time. We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming. However, the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to just get started. The first step could be something small and seemingly insignificant. In fact, it’s probably best if it’s something fairly easy.The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam. The effect tells us that breaking up study periods can actually improve recall. So instead of cramming for an exam all in one sitting, breaks should be scheduled in which the student focuses on something else. This will cause intrusive(侵入的) thoughts, enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that must be remembered, leading to better recall when they take the exam.The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental health problems. If an individual leaves important tasks incomplete, the intrusive thoughts that result can lead to stress, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and emotional distress. Conversely, completing a task can give an individual a sense of accomplishment and lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well-being.The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used to positively impact your work productivity.【答案】The Zeiguvnik Effect is that you always remember unfinished matter, which can be well used. The effect helps you overcome procrastination and have a good start. The effect is effective for students to improve recall and remember things better. It also encourage people to finish work and improve psychological well-being. It can influence us positively in all aspect.【解析】要点中需要包括：1.The Zeigarnik Effect的定义2.三个好处容易出现的问题：主旨句不清晰；语言不够精炼。
上海英语2020一模卷作文范文(共3篇)
上海英语2020一模卷作文范文第1篇Cultural tourismWith the development of living standards, going out to have a tourism is becoming a part of our life. But at the same time, uncivilized behaviors in tourism are frequently happening. So cultural tourism has became a hot topic in the society.Especially in vacations, phenomena of uncivilized behavior in parks or museums everywhere. Even in foreign countries, our Chinese citizens still do naturally, it seriously affected our country\'s image. Of course, it has caused bad loss in ancient buildings and antiquities and our environments. So it\'s urgent to advocate to have a cultural tourism.Firstly, we should keep in mind the sense of protecting the environment. And when we have a tourism, we had better watch out the warning words carefully and then obey the rules. For the sake of ourselves and our country, let\'s do some meaningful things for cultural tourism. 2021海淀一模高三英语作文上海英语2020一模卷作文范文第2篇There are still many problems of environmental protection in recent years. One of the most serious problems is the serious pollution of air, water and soil. the polluted air does great harm to people\'s health. The polluted water causes diseases and death. What is more, vegetation had been greatly reduced with the rapid growth of modern cities.To protect the environment, governments of many countries have done a lot. Legislative steps have been introduced to control air pollution, to protect the forest and sea resources and to stop any environmental pollution. Therefore, governments are playing the most important role in the environmental protection today.In my opinion, to protect environment, the government must take even more concrete measures. First, it should let people fully realize the importance of environmental protection through education. Second, much more efforts should be made to put the population planning policy into practice, because more people means more people means more pollution. Finally, those who destroy the environment intentionally should be severely punished. We should let them know that destroying environment means destroying mankind themselves.高三家长会一模英语作文上海英语2020一模卷作文范文第3篇With the development of living standards, going out to have a tourism is becoming a part of our life. But at the same time, uncivilized behaviors in tourism are frequently happening. So cultural tourism has became a hot topic in the society.Especially in vacations, phenomena of uncivilized behavior in parks or museums everywhere. Even in foreign countries, our Chinese citizens still do naturally, it seriously affected ourcountry\'s image. Of course, it has caused bad loss in ancient buildings and antiquities and our environments. So it\'s urgent to advocate to have a cultural tourism.Firstly, we should keep in mind the sense of protecting the environment. And when we have a tourism, we had better watch out the warning words carefully and then obey the rules. For the sake of ourselves and our country, let\'s do some meaningful things for cultural tourism. 2021徐汇一模高三英语作文。
2020届上海各区一模-Guided Wiriting 专题汇总
Guided Writing【1. 静安区2020届一模】Directions：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是明启中学的王华，你校学生会将举办主题为“Looking for the Chinese Spirit” 的英语演讲比赛，请你作为参赛者写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：1. 描述生活中最感动你的一个人或一个事，并说明其体现了怎样的中国精神；2. 你获得的启发及感受。
（注意：请勿出现真实的姓名与学校）【2. 普陀区2020届一模】Directions：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.如今，许多家长焦虑地守在孩子身边、密切关注孩子一举一动，被称之为“直升机父母(Helicopter parents)”，还有“扫雪机父母(Snowplow parents)”,轰隆隆地扫除孩子通往成功路上的所有障碍，让孩子免遭失败、挫折。
对此，学校校刊特辟专栏对此进行讨论，请以李华为名投稿，用身边的例子描述这两类家长，并谈谈对此的看法。
【3. 杨浦区2020届一模】Directions：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.请简要描述图片，并结合生活实际（自身或他人的例子），谈谈你对于“舒适圈”的看法。
CONFIDENTFAMILIARAVERAGESATISFIEDZone【4. 崇明区2020届一模】Directions：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.明启中学为了进一步丰富学校艺术节，决定在原有三个专场（分别是：书法专场、器乐专场、歌曲专场）的基础上再增加一个专场，现向广大师生征求意见。
2020杨浦区高三英语一模作文
2020杨浦区高三英语一模作文**英文部分****Title: The Essence of Perseverance in the Age ofRapid Change**In the rapidly evolving world, the significance of perseverance is often overshadowed by the allure of instant gratification and constant change. However, the essence of perseverance remains as relevant as ever, especially in the context of personal and professional growth. This essay delves into the reasons why perseverance is crucial in the modern era and explores ways to cultivate this valuable trait.Firstly, perseverance is the backbone of success. It is the driving force that keeps us going when faced with challenges and setbacks. In today's world, wherecompetition is fierce and change is constant, perseveranceis what sets apart the successful individuals from the rest. It is the determination to keep moving forward, regardlessof obstacles, that leads to achievements and fulfillment.Secondly, perseverance helps us build resilience. In the face of adversity, it is perseverance that helps us bounce back stronger. It teaches us to view failures as stepping stones to success and to learn from our mistakes. This resilience is invaluable in today's world, where failure is often a part of the learning process.Moreover, perseverance fosters a growth mindset. When we persevere, we are more likely to approach challenges with an open mind, seeking opportunities for growth and improvement. This mindset is crucial in a world that demands continuous learning and adaptability. By persevering, we become more resilient, innovative, and proactive in our approach to life.However, cultivating perseverance is not always easy. It requires conscious effort and dedication. Here are some strategies that can help us develop this valuable trait: 1. Set clear and achievable goals: Having a clear direction gives us a sense of purpose and momentum. It helps us stay focused and motivated, even when faced with difficulties.2. Break down tasks into smaller steps: This helps us approach challenges one step at a time, making the journey less daunting. It also allows us to celebrate small achievements and build momentum.3. Maintain a positive mindset: A positive mindset is crucial in persevering. We need to believe in ourselves and our abilities, even when faced with challenges. This positive mindset will help us stay motivated and focused on our goals.In conclusion, perseverance is an essential trait in the age of rapid change. It is the key to success, resilience, and growth. By cultivating perseverance, we can overcome challenges, learn from failures, and achieve our goals. Let us embrace perseverance as a guiding force in our lives and use it to navigate the changing world.**中文部分****标题：快速变革时代中的毅力本质**在瞬息万变的世界中，毅力的重要性常常被即时满足和不断变化的诱惑所掩盖。
概要写作---2020年上海高考英语一模专题
2020宝山一模IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.People choose to become entrepreneurs(创业者）for a wide variety of reasons. One important reason is, of course, financial reward. If you own your own business and it becomes successful, you can reap huge financial rewards. And as an entrepreneur, dependent on how much your boss decides to give you; ifs limited only by the success of your business. And speaking of bosses, not having a supervisor is another major advantage of becoming an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurs are often independent thinkers who want to be in charge of projects, rather than having others tell them what to do. They often have big dreams that that they want to pursue rather than making someone else’s dream come true. For many entrepreneurs, starting a business is a way of solving a problem or helping people receive something they need. It’s a way to cha nge the world for the better.Being an entrepreneur isn’t easy, however, nor is it always fun. Entrepreneurs often have to work long hours, especially early on when they’re trying to get their businesses off the ground. that’s the reason entrepreneurs need to have a strong work ethic(伦理).Employees can work 40 hours a week and then stop, but for an entrepreneur, there’s no end in sight.That’s why another feature of successful entrepreneurs is passion; they have to be excited about what they’re doing to be w illing to work hard for it. Entrepreneurs also need good communication skills to pass on that passion to others. That’s important for finding investors, getting people to buy products and attracting employees.Entrepreneurs also need to be creative people who are able to find solutions to problems they encounter. This is important from the very beginning, when the entrepreneur comes up with an initial concept of a business. But even after that initial step, creative thinking is continually necessary to adapt to changing situations and to solve problems that come up.71. This passage is about the advantages and challenges of starting a business. On one hand, a boss can get financial rewards and independence avoiding control from others. On the other hand, a boss must have passion for his own business, good communication skills and creative thinking, which can help him solve problems. 2020崇明一模IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Giving ThanksThis is the season for taking the time to reflect on what we're thankful for in life. Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidays so special. But why should we limit it to just a few weeks in the years? Gratitude is a muscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier, happier humans and leaders.Emmons, through his research, found that grateful people reported feeling healthier, both mentally and physically. Specifically, those who were grateful were 25 percent happier than those who weren't. In the workplace, well-being is a crucial topic when it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement. Beyond the research that shows that employees who arc shown that they arc appreciated arc more productive by 50 percent, caring for your employees’ well-being is simply the right thing to do. Providing programs that support managing life's everyday challenges, offering fitness classes or implementing flexible work schedules are just a few things that, when paired with gratitude, can lead to more productive, engaged and happier working professionals.Working in an ever-evolving, fast-paced industry, I am surrounded by ambitious people who are always striving for more and better. Gratitude challenges yon to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future. It starts by paying attention to what's going on in your life, and that true self-awareness is a key ingredient to being successful in your career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships, both at work and in your personal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.The old saying goes “It’s never too late to say you’re sorry,” but the same is true of gratitude. That’s a gift worth celebrating 365 days a year.71. We should show gratitude year-round as it is beneficial to both our personal and professional life. First, it helps our physical and mental health and makes us happier, thus promoting production at work. Second, it makes us more self-aware, which can contribute to career success. Lastly，it makes us more likely to forgive others and helps build strong relationships. (59 words)2020奉贤一模IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Lower Oxygen Levels Threaten Marine LifeOxygen in the oceans is being lost at an alarming rate, with “dead zones” expanding rapidly and hundreds more areas showing oxygen dangerously exhausted, putting sharks, tuna, marlin and other large fish species at particular risk. Dead zones, where oxygen is effectively absent, have quadrupled(翻两番) in extent in the last half-century, and there are also at least 700 areas where oxygen is at dangerously low levels, up from 45 when research was undertaken in the 1960s.The reasons behind this environmental collapse are multiple. Among all, pollutants generated by the industrial world have been the most destructive force to cause the unbalance, including a rising tide of plastic waste, as well as other pollutants. Seas are about 26% more acidic than in pre-industrial times because of absorbing the excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, with damaging impacts on shellfish in particular.Low oxygen levels are also associated with global heating, because the warmer water holds less oxygen and the heating causes stratification(分层), so there is less of the vital mixing of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor layers. Oceans are expected to lose about 3-4% of their oxygen by the end of this century, but the impact will be much greater in the levels closest to the surface, where many species are concentrated, and in the mid to high latitudes.Another major cause for lower oxygen is intensive farming. When excess artificial fertilizer from crops, or wastes from the meat industry, runs off the land and into rivers and seas, it feeds algae(藻类) which bloom and then cause oxygen consumption as they die and decay.The problem of dead zones has been known about for decades, but little has been done to tackle it. Now is high time to take actions and help the oceans function better.Possible 1 Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly, which endangers marine life. Industrial pollutants, especially plastic waste and increased carbon dioxide, are the deadliest causes. Global warming is another cause. Finally intensive farming is also to blame for oxygen loss, because its wastes feeds algae, which consumes lots of oxygen. Measures should be taken to tackle this neglected threat. Possible 2 Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly, which endangers marine life. Industrial pollutants, especially plastic waste and increased carbon dioxide, are the deadliest causes. Besides, global warming is responsible as it leads to lower oxygen storage and stratification. Finally, intensive farming also results in the oxygen loss. Measures should be taken to tackle this neglected threat.2020虹口一模Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Zeigarnik EffectHave you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school or work when you were trying to focus on other things? Or perhaps you wondered what would happen next in your favorite TV show or film series. If you have, you’ve experienc ed the Zeigarnik effect. You tend to remember unfinished tasks better than finished tasks. Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect can be put into use in everyday life.The effect is especially well suited for helping overcome procrastination or delaying an action to a later time. We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming. However, the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to just get started. The first step could be something small and seemingly insignificant. In fact, it’s probably best if it’s something fairly easy.The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam. The effect tells us that breaking up study periods can actually improve recall. So instead of cramming for an exam all in one sitting, breaks should be scheduled in which the student focuses on something else. This will cause intrusive（侵入的）thoughts, enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that must be remembered, leading to better recall when they take the exam.The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental health problems. If an individual leaves important tasks incomplete, the intrusive thoughts that result can lead to stress, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and emotional distress. Conversely, completing a task can give an individual a sense of accomplishment and lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well - being.The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used to positively impact your work productivity.71. The Zeigarnik effect, the tendency to remember incomplete tasks better than complete ones, is useful in daily life. Firstly, it can keep people from putting off things when they start with a small step. Besides, it encourages breaks in students’ study, thus improving recall in exams. Thirdly, it promotes mental health by providing the motivation needed to finish tasks.2020黄浦一模Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Online “friends” -- a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much - debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks. Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before. It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists, sociologists, and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying. We find ourselves in a hyper - connected world where people access social media day and night, excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character. Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective, and display anti - social behavior in their offline lives. But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing -- empathy. This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends’ points of view. Without it, we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone. This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours. Many admitted an addiction to their online social network; most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends. And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are. It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming, so it is clear thatwe can’t neglect those negative impac ts of social networks.71. There is a more and more concern about social networks' negative impact on our society. As young people are crazy about sharing life moments online, they may develop bad characters and lose empathy. Besides. people can't bear being alone, the lack of which makes them unable to self-reflect. Therefore, more attention should be paid to them. (56 words)2020嘉定一模Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Most of us -- even those at the top -- struggle with public - speaking anxiety. When I ask my clients what makes them nervous, invariably they respond with the same answers: “I don’t like being watched”, “I don’t like the eyes on me” or “I don’t like being in the spotlight.”To understand why, we need to go way back to prehistoric times, when humans regarded eyes watching us as an existential threat. Those eyes were likely predators （肉食动物）and people were terrified of being eaten alive. The bad news is that our brains have transferred the ancient fear of being watched into public speaking. In other words, public - speaking anxiety is in our DNA.Fortunately, there is a solution: human generosity. The key to disarming our panic button is to turn the focus away from ourselves and toward helping the audience. Studies have shown that an increase in generosity indeed leads to a decrease in amygdala（扁桃腺）activity, which is responsible for our panic feeling in the brain. When we are kind to others, we overcome the sense of being under attack and start to feel less nervous.Admittedly, this is hard to do. But it’s absolutely possible to become a generous speaker. To begin with, when you start preparing for a presentation, the mistake you often make is starting with the topic. Instead, you should start with the audience. Identify the audience’s needs, and craft a message that speaks directly to those needs. Also, you are the most nervous right before you speak. This is the moment when your brain is telling you, “Everyone is judging me.” But it is exactly the moment when you should refocus your brain. Over time, your brain will begin to get it, and you willbecome less nervous.71. Many people have public-speaking anxiety because there are many eyes on the speakers. The reason is that humans turned the fear of being watched by predators in prehistoric times into public speaking. To solve the problem, people should focus on helpin g the audience, speaking directly to the audience’s needs and refocusing their brain before speaking. (55)2020静安一模IV．Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Do We Need Art in Our LivesNo one will be surprised to hear that the arts are under fire in this day and age. We view the arts as something of a hobby, something that’s fun but certainly can’t pay the rent. If it’s not a useful skill, no wonder arts funding is being cut in schools. Do we really need art in our lives?In schools, time and money is at a premium (稀有而珍贵), now more than ever. With teachers having to fit so many lessons into every day, it’s easy to see why art is dropping more and more by the wayside. Budgets are dropping at an alarming rate, and what school is going to drop teaching in essential subjects such as math or science when they can drop art instead?It seems as though the loss of art i n daily life is a sad fact of life, but it doesn’t have to be. There are actually a lot of practical uses for art for many people. For example, art therapy has helped people with a range of illnesses, both mental and physical, cope with their symptoms. Art is found almost anywhere you look in your home. Practical items, such as bedspreads, furniture or clothing, are all art forms in themselves and arouse emotions in the people interacting with them.Art also gives us insight into the world. History tells us what happened and when it happened, but it can’t tell us how the population at large felt about it, which is where art steps in. We know a lot about how people in the past lived and worked, because their art has given us such a deep insight into their da ily lives. We wouldn’t have that insight without it.Most of all, we need art in our lives as it gives us a form of self-expression. Being able to talk about our feelings is essential to staying healthy. You may not think you talk about your feelings, but you may express them in other ways. Some like to cook or bake, some like to work on machinery, and others may like to paint or draw. Whatever you like to do in your spare time, you’re probably creating art every day.So, do we need art in our lives? Many people would say no, but the art they’re thinking of is the art you see in galleries. Art is actually much more accessible and is truly needed in everyday life. It helps those in need, gives people in the future an idea of what life was like, and is a vital form of self-expression.71.Considered as a hobby or fun, art is ignored in schools. Limited time and money is spent on essential subjects. However, art is very useful and everywhere. As therapy, art benefits health. Besides, it enables us to understand the world better. Above all, we often express our feelings in the form of art. Therefore, art is needed.2020闵行一模Ⅳ.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Rai sing Happy and Confident Kids, says, “We’ve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.” By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they’re building their children’s confidence, when, in fact, in may be just the opposite. Too much praise can backfire and, when given in a way that’s insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parent’s praise has put them.Still, don’t go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. Kids will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.So what is the right amount of praise? Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal,” says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters. “One thing to remember is that it’s the process not the end product that matters.”Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he’s out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a bookreport. But whatever it is, praise should be proportionate（相称的）to the amount of effort your child has put into it.71.Currently, contrary to what people did in the past, many parents think highly of their kids too often. It is not proper to praise children too much, but they can't do the opposite. What matters is not the quantity but the quality of praise. Parents should praise their children in promotion to how much effort they make.2020浦东一模IV.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.How Supermarkets Are Changing BritainThe British love their supermarkets. And there are more and more of them every year. But is this a good thing?Not necessarily. For a start, many small shops can’t compete on price with superstores such as Tesco. And they don’t have as many products either. As a result, 36% of the UK’s small shops shut down between 1990 and 1996 while the number of supermarkets increased from 457 to 1,102. Supermarkets have even had a negative effect on the British pub. Beer and wine is much cheaper in a supermarket than in a pub. There are now over 55,000 supermarkets in the UK, but less than 55,000 pubs. A decade ago there were more than 61,000. These days, pubs are closing at the rate of 39 a week!Supermarkets are also bad for animal welfare. The UK has high standards in this field, but some supermarkets get their meat from abroad. And in many cases, this meat is produced under conditions that would be illegal in the UK. But once they’ve got the meat, supermarkets put a British flag on the product as the meat is packed there. Dishonest? Not exactly, but it isn’t entirely true either!Supermarkets have a poor environmental record too. Many of them don’t store food products themselves as storage space is expensive, so they get food producers to do it for them. This means that supermarket lorries have to make more trips to collect supplies. In turn, this increases the amount of petrol used, which leads to more pollution. Supermarkets also use a lot of plastic packaging, whi ch isn’t good for the environment either.So, what can be done to help the “little guys”? Not much really. Supermarkets have a lot of power. Many political parties receive donations from supermarkets. And supermarkets often use their money to influence decisions. For example, just before the year 2000, one supermarket gave the government £12 million to help build the Millennium Dome in London. Later, plans to tax supermarket car parks were dropped.71.All the development of supermarket in Britain is not helpful. Firstly, they have many products and have the advantage over price leading to some British pubs and many small shops shutdown. Secondly, for their meat produced, they hurt animal welfare. Thirdly, as the price of storage space is high, many food products are stored by others resulting in damaging environment.2020普陀一模IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.New Research on Kids’ Poor Math AchievementIf the thought of a math test makes you break out in a cold sweat, Mom or Dad may be partly to blame, according to the new research published in Psychological Science.A team of researchers found that children of math-anxious parents learned less math over the school year and were more likely to be math-anxious themselves—but only when these parents provided frequent help on the child’s math homework.Previous research from this group has established that when teachers are anxious about math, their students learn less math during the school year. The current study is novel in that it establishes a link between parents’ and children’s math anxiety. These findings suggest that adults’ attitudes toward math can play an important role in children’s math achievement.“We often don’t think about how important parents’ own attitudes are in determining their children’s academic achievement. But our work suggests that if a parent is walking around saying ‘Oh, I don’t like math’ or ‘this stuff makes me nervous,’ kids pick up on this messaging and it affects their success,” explained Beilock, professor in psychology.“Math-anxious parents may be less effective in explaining math concepts to children, and may not respond well when children make a mistake or solve a problemin a novel way,” added Levine, Beilock’s colleague.438 first- and second-grade students and their primary caregivers participated in the study. Children were assessed in math achievement and math anxiety at both the beginning and end of the school year. As a control, the team also assessed reading achieveme nt, which they found was not related to parents’ math anxiety. Parents completed a questionnaire about their own nervousness and anxiety around math and how often they helped their children with math homework.The researchers believe the link between paren ts’ math anxiety and children’s math performance stems more from math attitudes than genetics.71. Different from previous research on the relationship between teachers’ anxiety and their students, a new research reveals parents’ math anxiety underm ines their children’s math performance. When the anxious parents help their children with math, their negative attitudes toward math will be passed on to their children, which indicates that not genetics but attitudes account for the kids’ math performance. (59) 2020青浦一模IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Social Media and Teens’ AnxietyFrom cyber-bullying to cruel comments, social media can be a land mine for kids. Issues parents never worried about are now a risk for many teens. With kids’ digital well-being a concern, researchers are exploring potential links between social media and the rise in teen suicide rates, tech addiction, and loss of real-life social skills. Many parents are wondering: Is social media causing my kid to have anxiety?It’s a question that worried parents. Some research has observed a relationship between social media use and anxiety in kids, but it’s difficult to know if and when social media causes anxiety or whether kids who are anxious turn to social media as a way to seek support. How kids use social media matters, too. Social comparison and feedback-seeking behaviors have been associated with depressive symptoms, which often co-occur with anxiety.How can parents keep social media a positive for kids?1. Seeing photos of a trip to the beach your friends didn’t invite you to can really be upsetting. If your kid is tired of digital drama, suggest they take a break from social media for a while. In fact, if they post a status update that they’re taking a break, theirfriends might be very accepting because they’ve had similar feelings.2. People post stuff that makes their lives look perfect —not the homework struggles, or the fight they had with their dad. Remind kids that social media leaves the messy stuff out — and that everyone has ups and downs.3. In a world where kids could spend their days lying around looking at Wechat, it’s doubly important for them to feel as though they’re cultivating their inner lives. Prompt them to balance social media with soul-nourishing activities such as hobbies, exercise, reading, and helping others. Otherwise, what are they going to show off about on social media?71. Whether social media causes anxiety has become the focus of parents concerned with their kids’ digital health. Tips are offered on positive effects of social media on children. They can keep off social medial temporarily if bored with it. They should be aware that life is imperfect and face barriers bravely. Besides, taking some meaningful offline activities are strongly recommended. (60字)2020松江一模IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point （s）of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It goes without saying that the language spoken by the majority of British people has the same name as the language spoken by most citizens of the U.S.A. Nonetheless, quite apart from well-documented lexical (词汇的) differences - pavement/sidewalk, lift/elevator, etc. 一there are still some words and phrases which can cause confusion and misunderstanding between speakers of the two different forms. That's why sonic people say that Great Britain and the United States are nations separated by a common language. There are practical reasons for this.When the first English settlers arrived in what we now call America, the language they spoke was naturally the same as that spoken by their compatriots (同胞) on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean. However, they immediately saw things which didn't exist in Europe, often items used and made by Native Americans, such as canoes and moccasins and creatures such as buffalo. They also picked up words which they heard being used by other European immigrants. The word "boss”, f or example, was used by settlers from Holland in New York ill the mid-17th century. It comes from the Dutch word "baas'" which means master. The word "cookie" also comes from the Dutch "koekje”.There are many words, phrases and even grammatical structures which are。
2020上海高考英语一模概要写作指导写作汇编(可编辑修改word版)
It goes without saying that the language spoken by the majority of British people has the same name as the language spoken by most citizens of the U.S.A. Nonetheless, quite apart from well-documented lexical （词汇的）differences pavement/sidewalk, lift/elevator, etc. - there are still some words and phrases which can cause confusion and misunderstanding between speakers of the two different forms. That's why sonic people say that Great Britain and the United States are nations separated by a common language. There are practical reasons for this.
2024上海市高三英语一模各区《写作》分类汇编
2024届上海市16区高三英语一模分类汇编写作2024届上海市虹口区高三上学期一模英语试卷VI.Guided WritingDirections:Write an English composition in120-150words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学高三学生赵磊，你们班最近与国际伙伴校的同学们共同开展了一个团队项目，但目前的合作效果并不理想。
项目负责人Mr.Johnson请你负责在中方同学的范围内调查原因。
你发现有些同学对团队中的角色分配不满意，有些同学觉得团队沟通存在问题。
请给Mr.Johnson写一封邮件，内容必须包括：1.简述同学们的反馈；2.向Mr.Johnson提出改进建议并说明理由。
_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________VI.Guided WritingDirections:Write an English composition in120-150words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.76.假设你是明启中学高三学生徐晶，学校最近就如何组织好每天上午30分钟的大课间活动征求全校学生的意见。
写作---2020年上海高考英语一模专题
VI. Guided Writing76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120〜150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是红星中学高三年级的学生，你的英语老师在作文批阅时经常采用学生自批，学生互批或教师批阅（或集体批阅或面批）的方式。
请就此情况通过微信和英语老师沟通一下，谈谈你的看法，你的文章必须包括：*你喜欢哪种方式？为什么？*提出你认为可以提高作文批阅效率的合理化建议并给出理由。
注意：请勿透露本人真实姓名和学校名称。
2020崇明一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.76. 明启中学为了进一步丰富学校艺术节，决定在原有三个专场（分别是：书法专场、器乐专场、歌曲专场）的基础上再增加一个专场，现向广大师生征求意见。
假设你是该校学生林平，给负责的王老师写一封电子邮件，表达你的意见。
邮件内容须包括：> 增加的专场的名称；> 该专场的具体内容；> 增加该专场的理由。
注：文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校。
VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.随着移动网络的发展，各种手机APP应运而生，给我们的生活带来了极大便利，但许多同学也因此沉迷网络。
现学生会发起一项清理手机APP的倡议，如果你只能从以下四个APPs：Wechat，Taobao，E-dictionary，Glory of Kings (mobile game)中保留两个，你会如何选择，并说明理由。
2019-2020学年高三英语一模汇编--写作优质范文汇编
2019--2020学年高三英语一模写作题目及范文汇编One【虹口区】Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.手机给现代人的生活带来了很多便利，甚至改变了人们的日常生活方式。
人们常常会在手机上下载一些常用的应用程序(app)。
你平时使用较多的是哪一类应用程序呢？请你向同学们推荐一款应用程序，并阐述理由。
【参考范文】The 21th century has witnessed more advanced technology than ever before and many apps have revolutionized the way of personal life with their convenience and efficiency, among which I’d like to recommend the Youdao electronic dictionary most.First and foremost, electronic dictionaries are extremely portable, smart as well as time-saving. Not only can they contain numerous words and message, but they have many other practical functions serving as a calculator, a calendar and a timekeeper. What’s more, electronic dictionaries have more entries which are compete, detailed with examples and most entries of which are up to date. Above all, it helps improve our English pronunciation enormously, because all we have to do is press a button and we can hear how the word should be correct articulated and we can do this several times so that we can repeat the word until our pronunciation matches that of the speaker. So we learn not only the definition and meaning of a word but also how to say it properly.However, We cannot deny the fact that electronic dictionaries also have disadvantages such as giving the wrong message. But despite the flaws, people prefer to use electronic dictionaries. I am fully convinced that, in the future, they will be the students’ top priority.Two【黄浦区】Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是李明，你校正在进行高三年级的课程微调，准备将周三下午的第四节课设置为“艺术欣赏类课程(art appreciation)”或者“学科拓展类课程(subject expansion)”，现广泛征求高三同学的意见。
概要写作---2020年上海高考英语一模专题
2020宝山一模IV.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.People choose to become entrepreneurs(创业者）for a wide variety of reasons. One important reason is, of course, financial reward. If you own your own business and it becomes successful, you can reap huge financial rewards. And as an entrepreneur, dependent on how much your boss decides to give you; ifs limited only by the success of your business. And speaking of bosses, not having a supervisor is another major advantage of becoming an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurs are often independent thinkers who want to be in charge of projects, rather than having others tell them what to do. They often have big dreams that that they want to pursue rather than making someone else’s dream come true. For many entrepreneurs, starting a business is a way of solving a problem or helping people receive something they need. It’s a way to change the world for the better.Being an entrepreneur isn’t easy, however, nor is it always fun. Entrepreneurs often have to work long hours, especially early on when they’re trying to get their businesses off the ground. that’s the reason entrepreneurs need to have a strong work ethic(伦理).Employees can work 40 hours a week and then stop, but for an entrepreneur, there’s no end in sight.That’s why another feature of successful entrepreneurs is passion; they have to be excited about what they’re doing to be willing to work hard for it. Entrepreneurs also need good communication skills to pass on that passion to others. That’s important for finding investors, getting people to buy products and attracting employees.Entrepreneurs also need to be creative people who are able to find solutions to problems they encounter. This is important from the very beginning, when the entrepreneur comes up with an initial concept of a business. But even after that initial step, creative thinking is continually necessary to adapt to changing situations and to solve problems that come up.1 / 22 1/ 2271. This passage is about the advantages and challenges of starting a business. On one hand, a boss can get financial rewards and independence avoiding control from others. On the other hand, a boss must have passion for his own business, good communication skills and creative thinking, which can help him solve problems.2020崇明一模IV.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Giving ThanksThis is the season for taking the time to reflect on what we're thankful for in life. Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidays so special. But why should we limit it to just a few weeks in the years? Gratitude is a muscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier, happier humans and leaders.2 / 22 2/ 22Emmons, through his research, found that grateful people reported feeling healthier, both mentally and physically. Specifically, those who were grateful were 25 percent happier than those who weren't. In the workplace, well-being is a crucial topic when it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement. Beyond the research that shows that employees who arc shown that they arc appreciated arc more productive by 50 percent, caring for your employees’ well-being is simply the right thing to do. Providing programs that support managing life's everyday challenges, offering fitness classes or implementing flexible work schedules are just a few things that, when paired with gratitude, can lead to more productive, engaged and happier working professionals.Working in an ever-evolving, fast-paced industry, I am surrounded by ambitious people who are always striving for more and better. Gratitude challenges yon to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future. It starts by paying attention to what's going on in your life, and that true self-awareness is a key ingredient to being successful in your career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships, both at work and in your personal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.The old saying goes “It’s never too late to say you’re sorry,” but the same is true of gratitude. That’s a gift worth celebrating 365 days a year.71. We should show gratitude year-round as it is beneficial to both our personal and3 / 22 3/ 22professional life. First, it helps our physical and mental health and makes us happier, thus promoting production at work. Second, it makes us more self-aware, which can contribute to career success. Lastly，it makes us more likely to forgive others and helps build strong relationships. (59 words)2020奉贤一模IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Lower Oxygen Levels Threaten Marine LifeOxygen in the oceans is being lost at an alarming rate, with “dead zones” expanding rapidly and hundreds more areas showing oxygen dangerously exhausted, putting sharks, tuna, marlin and other large fish species at particular risk. Dead zones, where oxygen is effectively absent, have quadrupled(翻两番) in extent in the last half-century, and there are also at least 700 areas where oxygen is at dangerously low levels, up from 45 when research was undertaken in the 1960s.The reasons behind this environmental collapse are multiple. Among all, pollutants generated by the industrial world have been the most destructive force to cause the unbalance, including a rising tide of plastic waste, as well as other pollutants. Seas are about 26% more acidic than in pre-industrial times because of absorbing the excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, with damaging impacts on shellfish in particular.Low oxygen levels are also associated with global heating, because the warmer water holds less oxygen and the heating causes stratification(分层), so there is less of the vital mixing of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor layers. Oceans are expected to lose about 3-4% of their oxygen by the end of this century, but the impact will be much greater in the levels closest to the surface, where many species are concentrated, and in the mid to high latitudes.Another major cause for lower oxygen is intensive farming. When excess artificial fertilizer from crops, or wastes from the meat industry, runs off the land and into rivers and seas, it feeds algae(藻类) which bloom and then cause oxygen consumption as they die and decay.The problem of dead zones has been known about for decades, but little has been4 / 22 4/ 22done to tackle it. Now is high time to take actions and help the oceans function better.Possible 1 Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly, which endangers marine life. Industrial pollutants, especially plastic waste and increased carbon dioxide, are the deadliest causes. Global warming is another cause. Finally intensive farming is also to blame for oxygen loss, because its wastes feeds algae, which consumes lots of oxygen. Measures should be taken to tackle this neglected threat.Possible 2 Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly, which endangers marine life. Industrial pollutants, especially plastic waste and increased carbon dioxide, are the deadliest causes. Besides, global warming is responsible as it leads to lower oxygen storage and stratification. Finally, intensive farming also results in the oxygen loss. Measures should be taken to tackle this neglected threat.2020虹口一模Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Zeigarnik Effect5 / 22 5/ 22Have you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school or work when you were trying to focus on other things? Or perhaps you wondered what would happen next in your favorite TV show or film series. If you have, you’ve experienced the Zeigarnik effect. You tend to remember unfinished tasks better than finished tasks. Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect can be put into use in everyday life.The effect is especially well suited for helping overcome procrastination or delaying an action to a later time. We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming. However, the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to just get started. The first step could be something small and seemingly insignificant. In fact, it’s probably best if it’s something fairly easy.The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam. The effect tells us that breaking up study periods can actually improve recall. So instead of cramming for an exam all in one sitting, breaks should be scheduled in which the student focuses on something else. This will cause intrusive（侵入的）thoughts, enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that must be remembered, leading to better recall when they take the exam.The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental health problems. If an individual leaves important tasks incomplete, the intrusive thoughts that result can lead to stress, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and emotional distress. Conversely, completing a task can give an individual a sense of accomplishment and lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well - being.The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used to positively impact your work productivity.71. The Zeigarnik effect, the tendency to remember incomplete tasks better than complete ones, is useful in daily life. Firstly, it can keep people from putting off things when they start with a small step. Besides, it encourages breaks in students’ study, thus improving recall in exams. Thirdly, it promotes mental health by providing the6 / 22 6/ 22motivation needed to finish tasks.2020黄浦一模Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Online “friends” -- a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much - debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks. Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before. It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists, sociologists, and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying. We find ourselves in a hyper - connected world where people access social media day and night, excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character. Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective, and display anti - social behavior in their offline lives. But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing -- empathy. This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends’ points of view. Without it, we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone. This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours. Many admitted an addiction to their online social network; most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends. And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are. It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming, so it is clear that we can’t neglect those negative impacts of social networks.7 / 22 7/ 2271. There is a more and more concern about social networks' negative impact on our society. As young people are crazy about sharing life moments online, they may develop bad characters and lose empathy. Besides. people can't bear being alone, the lack of which makes them unable to self-reflect. Therefore, more attention should be paid to them. (56 words)2020嘉定一模Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Most of us -- even those at the top -- struggle with public - speaking anxiety. When I ask my clients what makes them nervous, invariably they respond with the same answers: “I don’t like being watched”, “I don’t like the eyes on me” or “I don’t like being in the spotlight.”To understand why, we need to go way back to prehistoric times, when humans regarded eyes watching us as an existential threat. Those eyes were likely predators（肉食动物）and people were terrified of being eaten alive. The bad news is that our brains have transferred the ancient fear of being watched into public speaking. In other words,8 / 22 8/ 22public - speaking anxiety is in our DNA.Fortunately, there is a solution: human generosity. The key to disarming our panic button is to turn the focus away from ourselves and toward helping the audience. Studies have shown that an increase in generosity indeed leads to a decrease in amygdala（扁桃腺）activity, which is responsible for our panic feeling in the brain. When we are kind to others, we overcome the sense of being under attack and start to feel less nervous.Admittedly, this is hard to do. But it’s absolutely possible to become a generous speaker. To begin with, when you start preparing for a presentation, the mistake you often make is starting with the topic. Instead, you should start with the audience. Identify the audience’s needs, and craft a message that speaks directly to those needs. Also, you are the most nervous right before you speak. This is the moment when your brain is telling you, “Everyone is judging me.” But it is exactly the moment when you should refocus your brain. Over time, your brain will begin to get it, and you will become less nervous.71. Many people have public-speaking anxiety because there are many eyes on the speakers. The reason is that humans turned the fear of being watched by predators in prehistoric times into public speaking. To solve the problem, people should focus on helping the audience, speaking directly to the audience’s needs and refocusing their brain before speaking. (55)9 / 22 9/ 222020静安一模IV．Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Do We Need Art in Our LivesNo one will be surprised to hear that the arts are under fire in this day and age. We view the arts as something of a hobby, something that’s fun but certainly can’t pay the rent. If it’s not a useful skill, no wonder arts funding is being cut in schools. Do we really need art in our lives?In schools, time and money is at a premium (稀有而珍贵), now more than ever. With teachers having to fit so many lessons into every day, it’s easy to see why art is dropping more and more by the wayside. Budgets are dropping at an alarming rate, and what school is going to drop teaching in essential subjects such as math or science when they can drop art instead?It seems as though the loss of art in daily life is a sad fact of life, but it doesn’t have to be. There are actually a lot of practical uses for art for many people. For example, art therapy has helped people with a range of illnesses, both mental and physical, cope with their symptoms. Art is found almost anywhere you look in your home. Practical items, such as bedspreads, furniture or clothing, are all art forms in themselves and arouse emotions in the people interacting with them.Art also gives us insight into the world. History tells us what happened and when it happened, but it can’t tell us how the population at large felt about it, which is where art steps in. We know a lot about how people in the past lived and worked, because their art has given us such a deep insight into their daily lives. We wouldn’t have that insight without it.Most of all, we need art in our lives as it gives us a form of self-expression. Being able to talk about our feelings is essential to staying healthy. You may not think you talk about your feelings, but you may express them in other ways. Some like to cook or bake, some like to work on machinery, and others may like to paint or draw. Whatever you like to do in your spare time, you’re probably creating art every day.10 / 22 10/ 22So, do we need art in our lives? Many people would say no, but the art they’re thinking of is the art you see in galleries. Art is actually much more accessible and is truly needed in everyday life. It helps those in need, gives people in the future an idea of what life was like, and is a vital form of self-expression.71.Considered as a hobby or fun, art is ignored in schools. Limited time and money is spent on essential subjects. However, art is very useful and everywhere. As therapy, art benefits health. Besides, it enables us to understand the world better. Above all, we often express our feelings in the form of art. Therefore, art is needed.2020闵行一模Ⅳ.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids, says, “We’ve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.” By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they’re building their children’s confidence, when, in fact, in may be just the opposite. Too much praise can backfire and, when given in a way that’s insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parent’s praise has put them.Still, don’t go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. Kids will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.So what is the right amount of praise? Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and11 / 22 11/ 22work hard to achieve a goal,” says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters. “One thing to remember is that it’s the process not the end product that matters.”Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he’s out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is, praise should be proportionate（相称的）to the amount of effort your child has put into it.71.Currently, contrary to what people did in the past, many parents think highly of their kids too often. It is not proper to praise children too much, but they can't do the opposite. What matters is not the quantity but the quality of praise. Parents should praise their children in promotion to how much effort they make.12 / 22 12/ 222020浦东一模IV.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.How Supermarkets Are Changing BritainThe British love their supermarkets. And there are more and more of them every year. But is this a good thing?Not necessarily. For a start, many small shops can’t compete on price with superstores such as Tesco. And they don’t have as many products either. As a result, 36% of the UK’s small shops shut down between 1990 and 1996 while the number of supermarkets increased from 457 to 1,102. Supermarkets have even had a negative effect on the British pub. Beer and wine is much cheaper in a supermarket than in a pub. There are now over 55,000 supermarkets in the UK, but less than 55,000 pubs. A decade ago there were more than 61,000. These days, pubs are closing at the rate of 39 a week!Supermarkets are also bad for animal welfare. The UK has high standards in this field, but some supermarkets get their meat from abroad. And in many cases, this meat is produced under conditions that would be illegal in the UK. But once they’ve got the meat, supermarkets put a British flag on the product as the meat is packed there. Dishonest? Not exactly, bu t it isn’t entirely true either!Supermarkets have a poor environmental record too. Many of them don’t store food products themselves as storage space is expensive, so they get food producers to do it for them. This means that supermarket lorries have to make more trips to collect supplies. In turn, this increases the amount of petrol used, which leads to more pollution. Supermarkets also use a lot of plastic packaging, which isn’t good for the environment either.So, what can be done to help the “little guys”? Not much really. Supermarkets have a lot of power. Many political parties receive donations from supermarkets. And supermarkets often use their money to influence decisions. For example, just before the13 / 22 13/ 22year 2000, one supermarket gave the government £12 million to help build the Millennium Dome in London. Later, plans to tax supermarket car parks were dropped.71.All the development of supermarket in Britain is not helpful. Firstly, they have many products and have the advantage over price leading to some British pubs and many small shops shutdown. Secondly, for their meat produced, they hurt animal welfare. Thirdly, as the price of storage space is high, many food products are stored by others resulting in damaging environment.2020普陀一模IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.New Research on Kids’ Poor Math AchievementIf the thought of a math test makes you break out in a cold sweat, Mom or Dad may be partly to blame, according to the new research published in Psychological Science.A team of researchers found that children of math-anxious parents learned less math over the school year and were more likely to be math-anxious themselves—but only when these parents provided frequent help on the child’s math homework.Previous research from this group has established that when teachers are anxious about math, their students learn less math during the school year. The current study is novel in that it establishes a link between parents’ and children’s math anxiety. These findings suggest that adults’ attitudes toward math can play an important role in children’s math achievement.“We often don’t think about how important parents’ own attitudes are in determining their children’s academic achievement. But our work suggests that if a parent is walking around saying ‘Oh, I don’t like math’ or ‘this stuff makes me nervous,’14 / 22 14/ 22kids pick up on this messaging and it affects their success,” explained Beilock, professor in psychology.“Math-anxious parents may be less effective in explaining math concepts to children, and may not respond well when children make a mistake or solve a problem in a novel way,” added Levine, Beilock’s colleague.438 first- and second-grade students and their primary caregivers participated in the study. Children were assessed in math achievement and math anxiety at both the beginning and end of the school year. As a control, the team also assessed reading achievement, which they found was not related to parents’ math anxiety. Parents completed a questionnaire about their own nervousness and anxiety around math and how often they helped their children with math homework.The researchers believe the link between parents’ math anxiety and children’s math performance stems more from math attitudes than genetics.71. Different from previous research on the relationship between teachers’ anxiety and their students, a new research reveals parents’ math anxiety undermines their children’s math performance. When the anxious parents help their children with math, their negative attitudes toward math will be passed on to their children, which indicates that not genetics but attitudes account for the kids’ math performance. (59)2020青浦一模IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main15 / 22 15/ 22point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Social Media and Teens’ AnxietyFrom cyber-bullying to cruel comments, social media can be a land mine for kids. Issues parents never worried about are now a risk for many teens. With kids’ digital well-being a concern, researchers are exploring potential links between social media and the rise in teen suicide rates, tech addiction, and loss of real-life social skills. Many parents are wondering: Is social media causing my kid to have anxiety?It’s a question that worried parents. Some research has observed a relationship between social media use and anxiety in kids, but it’s difficult to know if and when social media causes anxiety or whether kids who are anxious turn to social media as a way to seek support. How kids use social media matters, too. Social comparison and feedback-seeking behaviors have been associated with depressive symptoms, which often co-occur with anxiety.How can parents keep social media a positive for kids?1. Seeing photos of a trip to the beach your friends didn’t invite you to can really be upsetting. If your kid is tired of digital drama, suggest they take a break from social media for a while. In fact, if they post a status update that they’re taking a break, their friends might be very accepting because they’ve had similar feelings.2. People post stuff that makes their lives look perfect — not the homework struggles, or the fight they had with their dad. Remind kids that social media leaves the messy stuff out — and that everyone has ups and downs.3. In a world where kids could spend their days lying around looking at Wechat, it’s doubly important for them to feel as though they’re cultivating their inner lives. Prompt them to balance social media with soul-nourishing activities such as hobbies, exercise, reading, and helping others. Otherwise, what are they going to show off about on social media?16 / 22 16/ 2271. Whether social media causes anxiety has become the focus of parents concerned with their kids’ digital health. Tips are offered on positive effects of social media on children. They can keep off social medial temporarily if bored with it. They should be aware that life is imperfect and face barriers bravely. Besides, taking some meaningful offline activities are strongly recommended. (60字)2020松江一模IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point （s）of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It goes without saying that the language spoken by the majority of British people has the same name as the language spoken by most citizens of the U.S.A. Nonetheless, quite apart from well-documented lexical (词汇的) differences - pavement/sidewalk, lift/elevator, etc. 一there are still some words and phrases which can cause confusion and misunderstanding between speakers of the two different forms. That's why sonic people say that Great Britain and the United States are nations separated by a common language. There are practical reasons for this.When the first English settlers arrived in what we now call America, the language they spoke was naturally the same as that spoken by their compatriots (同胞) on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean. However, they immediately saw things which didn't exist in Europe, often items used and made by Native Americans, such as canoes and moccasins and creatures such as buffalo. They also picked up words which they heard being used by other European immigrants. The word "boss”, for example, was used by settlers from Holland in New York ill the mid-17th century. It comes from the Dutch word "baas'" which means master. The word "cookie" also comes from the Dutch "koekje”.There are many words, phrases and even grammatical structures which are mistaken for Americanisms (美式英语用语) in Britain when they are nothing of the sort. Very often, they represent not an American import, but an original form of British English which has disappeared in Britain. The verbs "guess” meaning think and “loan”17 / 22 17/ 22。
2023年上海高三英语一模汇编 —概要写作
概要写作-2023年上海高三英语一模汇编一类：说明文1.宝山区When you’re having fun with your friends,you take selfies.When you visit famous places, you take selfies.When you are in beautiful spots,you take selfies.But sometimes you don’t look very attractive in the photos.And,of course,if you’re going to post them,you want to look your best.What can you do?Instead of posting a photo you don’t like,you can turn to photo retouching.When you retouch an image,you improve its appearance.Many apps offer you the ability to do that.Their easy-to-use tools help you smooth your skin,make your teeth straighter and whiter,and more. Within the apps,you can also change your facial features.You can make your eyes rounder and brighter.You can change the shape of your face or your nose.You can also change the direction of the light source or add highlights.All in all,you can make yourself look like you wish you looked.Now you’ve uploaded your retouched photos to social media.People leave positive comments,and you get a lot of likes.That’s great,right?Maybe not.With so many people sharing personal images of their lives,it’s almost like a contest.Who looks the best,takes perfect selfies and lives up to social media’s standard of beauty? You need to be part of that crowd so that you don’t feel left out.Worse yet,you feel if you’re not part of that crowd,you may be criticized for your looks.Maybe you think that if you don’t look like the influencers you follow,you’re not good enough.People generally retouch themselves to have larger eyes,thinner chins and brighter skin.Does everyone now look the same?It seems like a lot of people are trying to match to unrealistic beauty ideals.That isn’t good for anyone’s self-image.Perhaps it’s time to post the real you and only lightly retouched,if at all._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________2.崇明区ChatbotsWhat if instead of clicking on link after link on a company’s website,you could type a question and get an immediate,customized answer?Some companies are working to make this a reality using chatbots.Chatbots are computer programs that can communicate with human beingsby phone,on messaging apps or on websites.There are two types of chatbots:open and closed.A closed chatbot follows a script,which may or may not involve using AI(artificial intelligence)to understand users’messages.An open chatbot uses AI both to figure out what users want and to generate responses.Open chatbots are able to learn from their conversations and thus improve their ability to communicate over time. This means that open chatbots can respond to a wider range of inquiries,compared with closed municating with them feels more natural,but if they have not been correctly trained, users may have a bad experience with them.One significant advantage of chatbots is that they are available all the time,even in the middle of the night.Plus,a single chatbot can cater to multiple users at once.This means that users can get immediate answers to their questions rather than waiting for a human representative. Chatbots have the potential to overcome several technological problems people face.These include difficulty in searching websites and trouble finding basic information and answers to simple questions.However,in order for chatbots to work,humans are still indispensable(不可或缺的). Someone has to program the chatbots initially,train them,and maintain and improve the chatbot system.Further,even open chatbots may not have the answers to detailed questions,and many people simply prefer speaking to a human rather than a chatbot.Thus,chatbots are unlikely to completely replace human agents.Rather,they will help users resolve simple problems so that customer service representatives can focus on more difficult issues._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________3.奉贤区Why Camping Can Be So Much Fun?When you go on holiday,where do you like to stay?If you haven’t tried camping,maybe you should join the increasing number of people who are enjoying the simple pleasures of camping.By grabbing your tent,and some additional things,it’s easy to head off to the countryside and enjoy a night or two under the stars.Many campers are dumping the trappings of their modern, busy life to do this,encouraged by experts who say a few peaceful nights in the middle of nowhere might be a good way to relax and improve our sleep patterns and well-being.It is also,of course,a good low-budget holiday option.For the adventurous,wild camping is an ideal way to escape from reality.Armed with just some food and a sleeping bag,you’re free from rules,away from other people,and able to enjoythe back-to-basics experience.But for those who still want some home comforts,a campsite is a more suitable place to fix your tent.Here you have facilities such as washrooms,a shop and maybe even a restaurant.And for the most luxurious camping experience,you could try glamping, a type of camping associated with extreme comforts and luxury.More recently,sales of camping equipment have jumped as more people have chosen a vacation spent at hometown due to travel restrictions caused by the pandemic.One camping retailer,Halfords,reported a sharp rise in demand for products such as stoves,cool boxes and camping chairs.With the addition of soft pillows,powerful torches and lamps to light up your tent and a better selection of easy-to-cook food,you can almost guarantee a comfortable and enjoyable camping expedition.So maybe it’s time to give camping a try._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________4.虹口区Are Oceans Silent?Most sea creatures,from whales and dolphins to fish,sharks and shrimps,respond to sound, and many can produce it.They use it to hunt and to hide,find mates and food,send messages and give warnings,establish territories,warn off competitors,confuse their targets,deceive enemies, and sense changes in water and conditions.Marine animals click bones,grind teeth and belch gases(磨牙打嗝);use special organs to make various noises.Far from the‘silent deep’,the oceans are so noisy.Into this age-long confused noise,in the blink of an evolutionary eye,has entered a new thunder:the trembling sound of mighty engines as46,220large ships passed the world’s shipping courses.Scientists say that background noise in the ocean has increased roughly by15decibels (分贝)in the past50years.It may not sound like much in overall terms,but it is enough, according to many marine biologists,to mask the normal sounds of ocean life going about its business.At its most intense,some even say noise causes whales to become disoriented,dolphins to suffer from‘the bends’,fish to go deaf,leave their breeding grounds or fail to form groups—enough to disorganize the basic biology of two thirds of the planet.“Undersea noise pollution is like the death of a thousand cuts”,says Sylvia Earie,chief scientist of the U.S.National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.“Each sound in itself may not be a matter of critical concern,but taken all together,the noise from shipping, earthquake-related surveys,and military activity is creating a totally different environment than existed even50years ago.That high level of noise is bound to have a hard,sweeping impact on life in the sea._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________5.嘉定区Why Laughter Yoga Makes You Smile“Friends,I must tell you,laughter yoga is not a comedy.”Dr Madan Kataria,the creator of laughter yoga,an exercise programme involving prolonged laughter,ughter yoga,a combination of breathing exercises and deliberate(故意的)laughter,came from humble beginnings,but has mushroomed into a global movement.Hundreds of clubs,usually free to attend,have now been established across Asia,Europe and North America.“I had read so much about the benefits of laughter,and how acting out emotions,especially through facial expressions,can create them,”Kataria tells me.But he realised he wouldn’t often see people laughing in Mumbai.“The idea struck me:why not start a laughter club?Laughter reduces stress,”Kataria goes on,following some yogic postures,“it makes your immune(免疫) system stronger and keeps your mind positive!”Five people attended Katana’s first meet-up in Mumbai in1995.He initially asked participants to tell jokes to force laughter,but as attendances grew Kataria learned that laughing for no reason at all was the best method.“We started just faking laughter,”he says.“And then people started laughing for real.It was infectious;we couldn’t stop.”Laughter yoga addresses a deep-seated need to laugh that is being stifled(遏制).Young children can laugh hundreds of times a day.But as we get older,the fun begins to stop—our brains learn how to adapt our emotions in tune with the needs of others.We develop empathy(同理心).But so are we told to stop laughing and be serious about life.There’s often a sense that if you’re laughing,you’re not properly learning,or working,or focusing,or paying respect. Sometimes this is justified,but not always.Perhaps that is the recipe for the growing popularity of laughter yoga._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________6.金山区“Digital Hoarding”Could Be an Increasing ProblemAs data storage has become more accessible than ever,the amount of digital“stuff”we all have put aside is on the rise,too.In a recent paper published in the journal Information&Management,we have investigated a rising phenomenon called“digital hoarding”,which happens when an individual constantly acquires digital content,feels difficulty in getting rid of it,and gradually gets more and more digital content without an intended purpose.Digital hoarding can quickly increase out of control,too—perhaps even more quickly than in the physical world,due to several reasons.First,the digital hoarder is less likely to notice the space limitations in the digital world.While the boundaries of a physical space are clear,such boundaries are less noticeable in digital spaces.Second,hoarding of physical objects happens in fixed boundaries,while digital spaces are“expandable”—you can get additional digital storage with minimum effort at very little or zero cost.Third,to hoard physical items,a person needs to expend some effort,such as purchasing them.By contrast,most digital contents are either self-created,free,or available on a subscription(订阅)basis.Fourth,compared with physical stuff, digital contents can be multiplied,for example,by making copies,with very minimal effort.In the modern world,it is unavoidable that digital content plays an important role in our lives. Therefore,the potential of serious mental health impacts from digital hoarding is a real possibility.If you think you’re holding onto too much digital content,you can try cleaning your digital footprint,reducing unnecessary digital content,coming up with simple methods to organize your files,pictures and videos.What’s more,reassess the importance of many social networks, including groups in many communication apps,and keep only those essential to you._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _7.静安区The music in youAny party goer can tap her heel to an unfamiliar song without realizing it.Yet when asked on site,she might reply:“Music?I don’t know anything about that.”Maybe you’ve heard a variation on this theme:“I don’t have a musical bone in my body.”Most of us make music publicly just a few times a year,when it’s someone’s birthday and the cake comes out.Privately,it’s a different story.We belt out tunes in the shower and create rhythm tracks on our steering wheel.But when we think about musical expertise,we tend to imagineprofessionals who specialize in performance,people we’d pay to hear.As for the rest of us,our bumbling private efforts,rather than illustrating that we share an irresistible urge to make music, seem only to demonstrate that we don’t enjoy essential musical capacity.But the more psychologists investigate musicality,the more it seems that nearly all of us are musical experts,in quite a surprising sense.A lot of the most interesting and substantial elements of musicality are things that we all share.We aren’t talking about instinctive,inborn universals here.Our musical knowledge is the product of long experience;maybe not years spent over an instrument,but a lifetime spent absorbing music from the open window of every passing car.In fact,for all its remarkable power,music is in good company.Many of our feelings are governed by a similar rule.We don’t know how we come to like certain food more than others.We don’t know why we fall in love.Yet in the very act of making these choices we reveal the effects of a host of instinctive mental processes.The fact that we respond to music so naturally and normally actually speaks to its strength and universality._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________8.闵行区Is Leather Good or Not?For thousands of years,humans have used leather to make everything from clothing to furniture to footwear.The skin of animals is a material that is strong,hard-wearing and flexible. These qualities make leather a popular material for many different products,but more people are becoming concerned about the potential harm caused by items they buy.Should we respect ancient traditions or is having real leather not as important as it used to be?The treatment of animals raised for their skins is a massive issue.According to the Food and Agriculture Organisation(FAO),more than2.29billion cows,pigs and goats are killed each year for their hides.This does not include the animal skin of fancier leather products,such as sheep, crocodiles,kangaroos and lizards.There’s also an environmental problem.Producing leather is a very polluting process, because it requires treating the skins with chemicals.During the procedure,called tanning, chemicals change the fibres(纤维)inside the leather,making it tougher.A tanning facility uses more than60,000litres of water for every tonne of leather produced.It uses huge amounts of poisonous chemicals,including substances containing heavy metals such as chromium,whichwhen washed out ends up in nearby soil and drinking water that people use.However,the making of leather is not entirely negative.Selling animal skin is a key source of income for remote populations such as the Inuit people in Canada.Every day,cows,pigs and goats are killed for their meat to be sold in supermarkets.It’s respectful not to waste anything,and without leather their skins would have to be buried or burned.Although there are alternatives to leather,some of these fabrics are only85%to90% biodegradable(可生物降解的).Vegan leather can be made from plastics which take years to biodegrade,so it’s actually worse for the planet._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________9.普陀区Graduates Turn to TeachingChina has witnessed a66-fold increase in the number of applicants for teaching qualification tests over the past decade,and experts say the popularity has mainly been driven by more graduates chasing stable jobs.According to the latest figures from the Ministry of Education,the number of applicants for teaching exams each year has grown from172,000to11.44million in the past decade.Experts said the sharp increase corresponds with the increase in teachers’salaries and status within society,and it is expected to bring about an overall improvement in quality teaching. However,another big reason for the enthusiasm for teaching posts is that the challenging and complicated employment situation is driving graduates toward stable jobs such as working as teachers and government officials.Chu Zhaohui,a senior researcher at the National Institute of Education Sciences,said the popularity of teaching posts is closely associated with people’s changing perception of the economic situation,job stability and security,which are major concerns for graduates.In view of the coronavirus epidemic in recent years,many college graduates just want a stable job,so teaching suddenly becomes a very popular profession,and many students from well-known universities have joined the competition.Of course,everyone has their own ideas. Take Wang Lin for example.Wang Lin,who graduated from a famous university,said she had wanted to be a history teacher since middle school,inspired by her own history teacher.She added she had a good impression of her teachers from an early age and was grateful to those who had taught her.In fact,there are many such cases.While passing the teaching qualification test is the first step to becoming a teacher in China,landing a post at schools in big cities can be very competitive._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________10.青浦区Want to join the online fitness program?Online training is one of the fastest growing section of the fitness industry.A2015study found that more than half of all smartphone users had downloaded a fitness or health app.If you’re considering joining the online fitness community,consider these benefits and drawbacks.There are many reasons that online training may work for you.As long as you have access to pre-downloaded videos or a WiFi connection for streaming videos,you can work out wherever you are.Besides,compared with similar offline programs,most online fitness programs range in cost between$10and$20per month.This is due in part to the wider audience and the greater opportunity to sell programs to more people.All this growth is incredibly positive—it provides health and fitness resources to the general consumer wherever they happen to be,without requiring access to a gym or fitness studio.But it’s not without problems.The first thing to think about when considering an online fitness program is“know yourself.”If you struggle with self-motivation,you don’t like exercising at home,and you prefer a social workout environment,online fitness may not be for you.Not to mention the fact that very few online fitness programs enable the instructor to see you,check your form,and offer modifications or corrections based on your performance.This means you might perform exercises incorrectly,or even unsafely,without knowing it,which is particularly concerning for beginners and those recovering from injuries,as they’re more likely to perform exercises incorrectly.Therefore,like any training format,there are pros and cons to consider when deciding if it is right for you.Take time and make the most suitable decision to reap more benefits._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________11.松江区Out of Sight,Out of MindTechnology has made paying all sorts of bills incredibly easy.The real-time budget apps, which capture our spending and pay our bills automatically,should theoretically give us more control over our money.But why,in real life,do they do the opposite?It helps to think about how we used to pay.My parents describe a process that would involve three separate points of contact whenever they paid for something with a credit card:first,at the cash register,then when a bill came in the mail and finally when they wrote a check to cover it. While each of the checkpoints is technically still there,automation has given us a chance to skip the second and the third.For bills paid automatically through a banking app,even the first checkpoint can be gone.We know that it is happening in the background,but it’s so far out of view that it might as well not be there.How do we get that connection back,without giving up the convenience that technology has brought us?The good news is that though technology has taken away something,it can also give.Much of the battle is simply recognizing what we’ve lost.If we want to be smart about our money and have thorough control over it,we need to bridge that gap between what we spend on and how much we pay.We can start using personal-finance apps to do more than make our lives easier. These apps can send us notifications when each automatic payment is being made and categorize purchases,sending us instant spending reports.Admittedly,those tools require the user to sign up for these services and make conscious efforts to take full advantage of them.In this way,they are arguably better practice than balancing a checkbook on a Saturday morning._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________12.徐汇区Why Don’t We Use the Math We Learn in School?How much of the math you’ve learned in school is used in everyday life?For the majority of people,the answer is surprisingly little.Clearly,some people learn math very well and apply it in everyday problem-solving settings.The question is why most people don’t,in spite of spending many years practicing it.The first explanation blames the failure of education.One of the major barriers to using a skill in real life is automaticity.We tend to find the least-effort solution to our problem.If struggling through a math problem is hard for you,you’ll find a different way to solve it that doesn’t rely on math.The familiar model for teaching mathematics revolves around teacherstelling students certain rules,applying those rules to examples and students then practicing problems similar to the examples seen in class.By teaching in this way,a lot of the work and deep thought that went into the creation of these mathematical rules is lost.In that sense,people were never taught math thoroughly enough to use it automatically in real life.The second explanation is a little different.It argues that people may develop competence in math classes,but they struggle to translate real-life problems into a format where they can use their mathematics knowledge.This seems most apparent in the case of applying algebra(代数). Students struggle with algebra,but they particularly struggle with word problems.Yet,the equivalent real-life problems are typically much harder than word problems.From this perspective, what people struggle with is not doing math,but recognizing where and how to apply math to real problems.Educational researchers now emphasize the importance of transfer and deep understanding. They believe we need to give students more training in noticing and converting everyday situations into the math problems they know how to solve.By using real-life math applications, students can make connections between math and everyday life._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________13.浦东新区The problem of electronic wasteWe have gradually come to realise that in two ways in particular,modern hi-tech can be bad for the planet.The first is its energy use;the worldwide scale of information technology is so enormous that electronics now produce fully two percent of global carbon emissions,which is about the same as the highly controversial emissions of aeroplanes.The other is the hardware, when it comes to the end of its natural life.This,increasingly,is pretty short.We have hardly noticed this important stream of waste,so much so that a Greenpeace report on the untraced and unreported e-waste two years ago referred to it as“the hidden flow”.We need to be aware of it.The latest United Nations Environment Programme(UNEP)report estimates that worldwide, electronic waste is mounting by about40million tons a year.So what can we do about it?The European Union has recognised the problem by adopting a key principle:producer responsibility.In other words,making it the duty of manufacturers of electronic goods to ensure their safe disposal at the end of their lives.In practice,an EU regulation now means that electronics dealers must either take back the equipment they sold you,or help to finance a network。
写作---2020年上海高考英语一模专题
2020宝山一模VI.Guided Writing76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120〜150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是红星中学高三年级的学生，你的英语老师在作文批阅时经常采用学生自批，学生互批或教师批阅（或集体批阅或面批）的方式。
请就此情况通过微信和英语老师沟通一下，谈谈你的看法，你的文章必须包括：*你喜欢哪种方式？为什么？*提出你认为可以提高作文批阅效率的合理化建议并给出理由。
注意：请勿透露本人真实姓名和学校名称。
2020崇明一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.76.明启中学为了进一步丰富学校艺术节，决定在原有三个专场（分别是：书法专场、器乐专场、歌曲专场）的基础上再增加一个专场，现向广大师生征求意见。
假设你是该校学生林平，给负责的王老师写一封电子邮件，表达你的意见。
邮件内容须包括：>增加的专场的名称；>该专场的具体内容；>增加该专场的理由。
注：文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校。
1 / 8 1/ 82020奉贤一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.随着移动网络的发展，各种手机APP应运而生，给我们的生活带来了极大便利，但许多同学也因此沉迷网络。
现学生会发起一项清理手机APP的倡议，如果你只能从以下四个APPs：Wechat，Taobao，E-dictionary，Glory of Kings (mobile game)中保留两个，你会如何选择，并说明理由。
【英语】2020年上海高三英语一模作文范文汇编
【关键字】英语2018年高三一模作文汇编1.黄浦区2017年已接近尾声，还记得年初你为自己定下的小目标吗？不知你是否实现了你的小目标？发一个微信朋友圈来回顾一下吧（文中请不要出现真实的校名人名）。
你的朋友圈文字内容需包括：1. 你的2017年度小目标；2. 你为实现年度小目标所作的努力；3. 你实现（或没有实现）年度小目标的经验总结。
范文：My new year’s resolution for 2017 was that I should be able to communicate with foreign people in English. To achieve this goal, I had asked my English teacher for help. According to her suggestions, I made up a plan.Firstly, I started with simply reading English articles and found many pronunciation errors in my reading after listening to the video tape of its recording. Then, I tried to learn phonetics and practice one syllable after another again and again. I started with a single word, then a phrase, a sentence, a paragraph and finally the whole passage. After 3-month practice, I was able to read an article fluently without making any mistakes in pronunciation. I felt happy. Next, I practiced my listening. By listening to a passage four times, I required myself to take it down without spelling errors or any information blank. Last but not least, I installed an app called Shanbei Oral English on my phone to practice both my listening and speaking. It’s like having conversations with a robot. I had to understand what it said to me and answer its questions accordingly. After practicing for almost 8 months, I had my first talking session with an American teacher in our school. I was proud of myself.What I have learnt from this experience is something as a saying goes: no pain no gain. Though the process of learning could be dull and tiring, it’s worth all the efforts after I achieved my goal. Even if I didn’t, it’s still a valuable part of my life.阅卷作文8+8+4=20The wonderful year of 2017 is drawing to an end. I remember that I set an annual goal to keep fit at the beginning of 2017, since staying healthy is crucial to ensuring my study, thus better prepare myself for Gaokao.To achieve my goal of keeping fit, here are some efforts I’ve taken throughout the year. On the very first day of 2017, I downloaded a fitness app called Keep. Following the fitness instructions the app offered, I exercised every other night before I go to bed. Also, I did some research into the daily nutrition I need in order to stay healthy both physically and mentally, after which I devised a moderate dieting plan. Apart from the above, I’ve invited family members and friends to join me so that we can encourage each other and exchange fitness experience.So far, the record shown on my fitness app shows that I’ve done well this year, reaching a record high of 200 training times in total. Although at times I felt like giving up because of too much study pressure and limited time, I’m glad I have stuck to my plan. It seems to me that anything is possible if I throw in all of my energy and passion, and most of all, perseverance. Some rules apply to study. So I hope I will keep such passion and strength to do my best in the coming 2018. （237 words）点评：1．文本结构段落清晰，符合作文题目要求。
2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编—概要写作（含答案）（精校版）
2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编—概要写作（含答案）（精校版）2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编—概要写作（含答案）（精校版）One【虹口区】The Zeigarnik EffectHave you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school or work when you were trying to focus on other things? Or perhaps you wondered what would happen next in your favorite TV show or film series. If you have, you’ve experienced the Zeigarnik effect. You tend to remember unfinished tasks better than finished tasks. Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect can be put into use in everyday life.The effect is especially well suited for helping overcome procrastination or delaying an action to a later time. We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming. However, the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to just get started. The first step could be something small and seemingly insignificant. In fact, it’s probably best if it’s something fairly easy.The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam. The effect tells us that breaking up study periods can actually improve recall. So instead of cramming for an exam all in one sitting, breaks should be scheduled in which the student focuses on something else. This will cause intrusive(侵入的) thoughts, enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that must be remembered, leading to better recall when they take the exam.The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental health problems. If an individual leavesimportant tasks incomplete, the intrusive thoughts that result can lead to stress, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and emotional distress. Conversely, completing a task can give an individual a sense of accomplishment and lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well-being.The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used to positively impact your work productivity.【答案】The Zeiguvnik Effect is that you always remember unfinished matter, which can be well used. The effect helps you overcome procrastination and have a good start. The effect is effective for students to improve recall and remember things better. It also encourage people to finish work and improve psychological well-being. It can influence us positively in all aspect.【解析】要点中需要包括：1.The Zeigarnik Effect的定义2.三个好处容易出现的问题：主旨句不清晰；语言不够精炼。
2020届上海高三英语一模汇编--概要写作
2020届长宁金山区高三英语一模试卷Cryptocurrency(加密货币)Making payments online is very easy these days if you have a credit card or a bank card that uses a payment network. Sending money online to a friend,you have to use a payment service like Google Pay or PayPal,or make a bank transfer. However,there is usually a significant delay before the receiver can use the money,and transfers can have sizeable fees.In2008,a group of people published a paper describing a process that would use cryptograph(密码学)to create a secure electronic cash system,known as a cryptocurrency.Person-to-person payments could be made online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial organization.Each transaction could happen very quickly.The shared network of computers would also serve as the means to confirm those transactions safely.Getting rid of the need for a centralized banking system would open up the possibility for anyone to become part of the digital economy.Today,there are over a thousand different cryptocurrencies.Most are still trying to be valid global payment systems like Bitcoin.They are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry.One issue is weak security on cryptocurrency websites where users either store their electronic cash in virtual“wallets”or exchange one kind of electronic cash for another.However,clever thieves have broken into many of these websites and stolen electronic cash.The websites are struggling to protect their users from such thefts.Another problem is the large number of false cryptocurrencies advertised on the Internet.The advertisements invite Internet users to visit websites offering new cryptocurrencies.Many visitors are persuaded to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual ter,the websites disappear along with the victims’money.In response to this problem,companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on their websites.宝山区2019学年第一学期期末People choose to become entrepreneurs(创业者)for a wide variety of reasons.One important reason is,of course, financial reward.If you own your own business and it becomes successful,you can reap huge financial rewards.And as an entrepreneur,dependent on how much your boss decides to give you;it’s limited only by the success of your business.And speaking of bosses,not having a supervisor is another major advantage of becoming an entrepreneur.Entrepreneurs are often independent thinkers who want to be in charge of projects,rather than having others tell them what to do.They often have big dreams that they want to pursue rather than making someone else’s dream come true.For many entrepreneurs, starting a business is a way of solving a problem or helping people receive something they need.It’s a way to change the world for the better.Being an entrepreneur isn’t easy,however,nor is it always fun.Entrepreneurs often have to work long hours,especially early on when they’re trying to get their businesses off the ground.That’s the reason entrepreneurs need to have a strong work ethic(伦理).Employees can work40hours a week and then stop,but for an entrepreneur,there’s no end in sight.That’s why another feature of successful entrepreneurs is passion;they have to be excited about what they’re doing to be willing to work hard for it.Entrepreneurs also need good communication skills to pass on that passion to others.That’s important for finding investors,getting people to buy products and attracting employees.Entrepreneurs also need to be creative people who are able to find solutions to problems they encounter.This is important from the very beginning,when the entrepreneur comes up with an initial concept of a business.But even after that initial step,creative thinking is continually necessary to adapt to changing situations and to solve problems that come up.崇明区2020届第一次英语高考模拟考试试卷Giving ThanksThis is the season for taking the time to reflect on what we’re thankful for in life.Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidays so special.But why should we limit it to just a few weeks in the years? Gratitude is a muscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier,happier humans and leaders.Emmons,through his research,found that grateful people reported feeling healthier,both mentally and physically. Specifically,those who were grateful were25percent happier than those who weren’t.In the workplace,well-being is a crucial topic when it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement.Beyond the research that shows that employees who are shown that they are appreciated are more productive by50percent,caring for your employees’well-being is simply the right thing to do.Providing programs that support managing life’s everyday challenges,offering fitness classes or implementing flexible work schedules are just a few things that,when paired with gratitude,can lead to more productive,engaged and happier working professionals.Working in an ever-evolving,fast-paced industry,I am surrounded by ambitious people who are always striving for more and better.Gratitude challenges you to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future.It starts by paying attention to what’s going on in your life,and that true self-awareness is a key ingredient to being successful in your career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships,both at work and in your personal life.People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.The old saying goes“It’s never too late to say you’re sorry,”but the same is true of gratitude.That’s a gift worth celebrating 365days a year.虹口区2019学年度第一学期期终学生学习能力诊断测试The Zeigarnik EffectHave you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school or work when you were trying to focus on other things?Or perhaps you wondered what would happen next in your favorite TV show or film series.If you have,you’ve experienced the Zeigarnik effect.You tend to remember unfinished tasks better than finished tasks.Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect can be put into use in everyday life.The effect is especially well suited for helping overcome procrastination or delaying an action to a later time.We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming.However,the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to just get started.The first step could be something small and seemingly insignificant.In fact,it’s probably best if it’s something fairly easy.The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam.The effect tells us that breaking up study periods can actually improve recall.So instead of cramming for an exam all in one sitting,breaks should be scheduled in which the student focuses on something else.This will cause intrusive(侵入的)thoughts,enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that must be remembered,leading to better recall when they take the exam.The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental health problems.If an individual leaves important tasks incomplete,the intrusive thoughts that result can lead to stress,anxiety,difficulty sleeping,and emotional distress.Conversely,completing a task can give an individual a sense of accomplishment and lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well-being.The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used to positively impact your work productivity.2019学年度嘉定区高三年级第一次质量调研Most of us—even those at the top—struggle with public-speaking anxiety.When I ask my clients what makes them nervous,invariably they respond with the same answers:“I don’t like being watched”,“I don’t like the eyes on me”or“I don’t like being in the spotlight”.To understand why,we need to go way back to prehistoric times,when humans regarded eyes watching us as an existential threat.Those eyes were likely predators(肉食动物)and people were terrified of being eaten alive.The bad news is that our brains have transferred the ancient fear of being watched into public speaking.In other words,public-speaking anxiety is in our DNA.Fortunately,there is a solution:human generosity.The key to disarming our panic button is to turn the focus away from ourselves and toward helping the audience.Studies have shown that an increase in generosity indeed leads to a decrease in amygdala(扁桃腺)activity,which is responsible for our panic feeling in the brain.When we are kind to others,we overcome the sense of being under attack and start to feel less nervous.Admittedly,this is hard to do.But it’s absolutely possible to become a generous speaker.To begin with,when you start preparing for a presentation,the mistake you often make is starting with the topic.Instead,you should start with the audience.Identify the audience’s needs,and craft a message that speaks directly to those needs.Also,you are the most nervous right before you speak.This is the moment when your brain is telling you,“Everyone is judging me.”But it is exactly the moment when you should refocus your brain.Over time,your brain will begin to get it,and you will become less nervous.黄浦区2019学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试Online“friends”―a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much-debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks.Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before.It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists,sociologists,and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying.We find ourselves in a hyper-connected world where people access social media day and night,excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character.Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective,aggressive,and display anti-social behavior in their offline lives.But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing—empathy.This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends’points of view. Without it,we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone.This is something confirmed by a study where200university students were asked to go without social media for24hours.Many admitted an addiction to their online social network;most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends.And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are.It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming,so it is clear that we can’t neglect those negative impacts of social networks.青浦区2019学年第一学期高三英语期终学业质量调研试卷Social media and teens’anxietyFrom cyber-bullying to cruel comments,social media can be a land mine for kids.Issues parents never worried about are now a risk for many teens.With kids’digital well-being a concern,researchers are exploring potential links between social media and the rise in teen suicide rates,tech addiction,and loss of real-life social skills.Many parents are wondering: Is social media causing my kid to have anxiety?It’s a question that worried parents.Some research has observed a relationship between social media use and anxiety in kids,but it’s difficult to know if and when social media causes anxiety or whether kids who are anxious turn to social media as a way to seek support.How kids use social media matters,too.Social comparison and feedback-seeking behaviors have been associated with depressive symptoms,which often co-occur with anxiety.How can parents keep social media a positive for kids?1.Seeing photos of a trip to the beach your friends didn’t invite you to can really be upsetting.If your kid is tired of digital drama,suggest they take a break from social media for a while.In fact,if they post a status update that they’re takinga break,their friends might be very accepting because they’ve had similar feelings.2.People post stuff that makes their lives look perfect—not the homework struggles,or the fight they had with their dad.Remind kids that social media leaves the messy stuff out—and that everyone has ups and downs.3.In a world where kids could spend their days lying around looking at Wechat,it’s doubly important for them to feel as though they’re cultivating their inner lives.Prompt them to balance social media with soul-nourishing activities such as hobbies,exercise,reading,and helping others.Otherwise,what are they going to show off about on social media?浦东新区2019学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测How Supermarkets Are Changing BritainThe British love their supermarkets.And there are more and more of them every year.But is this a good thing?Not necessarily.For a start,many small shops can’t compete on price with superstores such as Tesco.And they don’t have as many products either.As a result,36%of the UK’s small shops shut down between1990and1996while the number of supermarkets increased from457to1,102.Supermarkets have even had a negative effect on the British pub. Beer and wine is much cheaper in a supermarket than in a pub.There are now over55,000supermarkets in the UK,but less than55,000pubs.A decade ago there were more than61,000.These days,pubs are closing at the rate of39a week!Supermarkets are also bad for animal welfare.The UK has high standards in this field,but some supermarkets get their meat from abroad.And in many cases,this meat is produced under conditions that would be illegal in the UK.But once they’ve got the meat,supermarkets put a British flag on the product as the meat is packed there.Dishonest?Not exactly,but it isn’t entirely true either!Supermarkets have a poor environmental record too.Many of them don’t store food products themselves as storage space is expensive,so they get food producers to do it for them.This means that supermarket lorries have to make more trips to collect supplies.In turn,this increases the amount of petrol used,which leads to more pollution.Supermarkets also use a lot of plastic packaging,which isn’t good for the environment either.So,what can be done to help the“little guys”?Not much really.Supermarkets have a lot of power.Many political parties receive donations from supermarkets.And supermarkets often use their money to influence decisions.For example, just before the year2000,one supermarket gave the government£12million to help build the Millennium Dome in London. Later,plans to tax supermarket car parks were dropped.松江区2019学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷It goes without saying that the language spoken by the majority of British people has the same name as the language spoken by most citizens of the U.S.A.Nonetheless,quite apart from well-documented lexical(词汇的)differences–pavement/sidewalk,lift/elevator,etc.–there are still some words and phrases which can cause confusion and misunderstanding between speakers of the two different forms.That’s why some people say that Great Britain and the United States are nations separated by a common language.There are practical reasons for this.When the first English settlers arrived in what we now call America,the language they spoke was naturally the same as that spoken by their compatriots(同胞)on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean.However,they immediately saw things which didn’t exist in Europe,often items used and made by Native Americans,such as canoes and moccasins and creatures such as buffalo.They also picked up words which they heard being used by other European immigrants.The word“boss”, for example,was used by settlers from Holland in New York in the mid-17th century.It comes from the Dutch word“baas”, which means master.The word“cookie”also comes from the Dutch“koekje”.There are many words,phrases and even grammatical structures which are mistaken for Americanisms(美式英语用语) in Britain when they are nothing of the sort.Very often,they represent not an American import,but an original form of British English which has disappeared in Britain.The verbs“guess”meaning think and“loan”meaning lend and the adjective“mad”meaning angry are frequently criticized as Americanisms,yet they all appeared in British English hundreds of years ago.In the case of“loan”,it was used as long ago as1,200years!In fact,English spoken in the UK has changed so thoroughly in the last500years that American English now represents the last place where some original British English forms can be found.2019学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷The Decline of BiodiversityBiodiversity is the range of living things in an area.During the last100years,scientists have seen a great decline in biodiversity.Some studies show that one in eight plant species is threatened with extinction.It is estimated that140,000 species of plants are lost each year.Most of the extinctions in the last thousand years are due to humans.The main cause is the chopping down of tropical rain forests.Most of this destruction is done to create pasture(牧场)for beef cattle.Many rainforests in Central and South America have been burnt down to make way for cattle farming,which supplies beef to the rest of the world.It is estimated that for each pound of beef produced,200square feet of rainforest are destroyed.The forests are also cut down to make wheat for bread as well as fruit for human consumption.The introduction of exotic(外来的)species is another threat.The latest research from the University of Southampton has revealed the impact of exotic species upon native wildlife,which could potentially lead to the extinctions of local species.When exotic species are introduced to a place,they try to establish a self-sustaining population.While the local species,which haven’t had a chance to evolve,often lack defenses and thus cannot compete against the exotic species.The disappearance of certain food animals can be disastrous not only to larger animals but also to the entire ecosystem. It is these small creatures which convert much of the energy in an ecosystem from unusable(i.e.microscopic plants, decaying matter,etc.)into usable forms,namely their bodies.Their absence makes most energy and nutrients trapped in forms unusable to other species.This makes the environment less suitable for healthy living,and less capable of producing resources that humans need.杨浦区2019学年度第一学期高三模拟质量调研The Psychology of SpendingDr.Thomas Gilovich,psychology professor at Cornell University,has studied the psychology of spending for over20 years.According to Dr.Gilovich,“We buy things to make us happy,and we succeed,but only for a while.New things are exciting to us at first,but then we adapt to them.”In other words,once the freshness of our newest purchase wears off,we begin looking for something else to buy to make us happy.Dr.Gilovich found that our satisfaction with possessions fades over time.Yet our happiness over things we've experienced increases.For that reason,he has concluded that we are spending our money on the wrong things.A study out of San Francisco State University agrees.The research showed that those people who spent money on experiences instead of possessions were happier.They also thought their money was better invested.To begin with,activities like a trip,adventure,hobby,etc.tend to bring the participants together and unite them over a shared interest.According to Gilovich,“We consume experiences directly with other people.”As a result,these experiences typically create a positive link and good feelings toward the other person or people.Besides,your experience shows others who you are and what you are.For example,you might be someone who loves taking cooking classes.More than likely,you'll become known by friends and family as a great cook.They won't know you as someone who owns the latest kitchen equipment.Lastly,planned experiences are frequently something we look forward to.Then when the moment arrives,if we enjoy the time involved in the activity,we're left with fond memories.These memories will often last a lifetime.Even our worst trips, on many occasions,are later remembered with laughter.11。
2020届上海市实验学校高三英语一模试题及参考答案
2020届上海市实验学校高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt's just before l pm and hungry guests are starting to emerge out onto the wooden floor at the back of the Victoria Falls Safari Lodge in Zimbabwe. A few have already settled in for lunch, drinking beer and enjoying their sandwiches and salads in the sunshine. It's a normal setting until you look up. Overhead, the sky is filled with several hundred vultures (秃鹭).They too have arrived for their midday snack. Every day the team at this hotel places last night's leftover meat out for the vultures to eat. They call it the "Vulture Restaurant" and it's a vital part of protecting these birds, who have become some of the most endangered species in Africa.In Zimbabwe, where illegal hunting of elephants and rhinos is a major issue, poisoning poses a significant threat to the birds. "In recent years hunters have realized they can use poison to kill animals. It's effective because it's silent and therefore doesn't attract much attention.when the vultures eat the bodies of the dead animals they die too," says Roger Parry, Wildlife Manager at the Victoria Falls Wildlife Trust.The Vulture Restaurant initiative is part feeding programme, part education programme. By attracting the birds to the Vulture Restaurant every day the team can ensure they're regularly getting a safe meal, and while the birds are there they can educate tourists from all over the world about these creatures.“Lunch” is served by Moses Garira. He has the unenviable task of wandering out into the middle of the clearing with a box full of meat, dropping the contents onto the ground and running for his life as the vultures fly downward suddenly for their food. No one, surely, would volunteer for this role, but Garira rather enjoys it. Back in the safety of the viewing seats, he tells the onlookers about the importance of vultures. "They're hugely important in terms of their role of cleaning up the bodies of dead animals," says Garira. "Notably, they're safely able to digest bacteria like anthrax. Without vultures, there'd be a lot more disease in the world."1. What's the biggest threat vultures facing in Zimbabwe?A. Overhunting.B. Unsafe food.C. Loss of habitat.D. A bird disease.2. What would others think of Garira's job?A. Scary.B. Relaxing.C. Well-paid.D. Time-consuming3. What do Garira's words mean?A. Birds are human's best friends.B. People know little about vultures.C. Vultures are environmentally favorable.D. Vultures are in urgentneed of protection.BRecently, I read about a promotion from a home builder in San Diego where consumers (消费者) could buy a 4,000 square foot house for $1.6 million and get a smaller home bythe developer valued at $400 thousand for free. This sounds like a fantastic deal, but I am alwayswary ofany promotion labeled (给……加标签) with“buy one get one free”, and here is why.Oftentimes, “buy one get one free” ends up being “buy two at the regularprice”. For example, I often see “buy one get one free” ads for orange juice at the supermarket, but the first box always costs over $5.00. At the same time, the juices not in the promotion are selling for $2.50 to $2.99 a box.Another problem with “buy one get one free” is that oftentimes you do not need the second item. I only consume one gallon of milk every two weeks. If I were talked into buying a second gallon in a “buy one get one free” promotion, then the second gallon would go bad before I have time to consume it. That creates waste instead of savings.In the case of theSan Diegodeveloper, so far they have received one offer on their expensive houses, but the buyer does not want the cheaper house for free. Instead, he wants the value of the smaller home taken away from his purchase price. I think this guy is quite wise because he saw right through the marketing of “buy one get one free”.Finally, it is up to you to see how much you need and how much you are willing to spend. Knowing the regular price of things also helps you in deciding whether a “buy one get one free” promotion is truly a great deal.4. What does the underlined part “wary of” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. annoyed atB. careful aboutC. familiar withD. puzzled about5. Why does the author mention milk in Paragraph 3?A. To show that there are many promotions of food.B.To suggest that people think twice before they shop.C. To prove that the second item isn’t always as good as the first one.D. To show that people often buy more than they need in the promotion.6. What does the house buyer want to do?A. Buy the smaller house only.B. Get the smaller house for free.C. Buy the larger house for $1.2 million.D. Buy both the larger and smaller houses for $2 million.7. How does the author organize the text?(P: Paragraph)A. B. C. D.CThe Nez Perce Indians are a tribe that lived in the Pacific Northwest of theUnited States. At the time of the Lewis and Clark expedition (探险队) , which was one of the first journeys by Americans from the Atlantic coast to the Pacific coast and back again, the Nez Perce territory (领土) covered about 17 million acres, covering parts of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. Butthat was a brief sweet history.In September 1805, when Lewis and Clark came off theRockieson their westward journey, the entire exploring party was hungry and ill -- too weak to defend themselves.Had the Nez Perce chosen to attack them, they could have put an end to the Lewis and Clark expedition there on the banks ofClearwater River. Instead the Nez Perce welcomed the white Americans and looked after them until they made a full recovery. Thus began a long friendship between the Nez Perce and white Americans. But white men’s greed for land and gold finally broke the friendship.In 1855 Governor Isaac Stevens ofWashingtonTerritoryinvited the Nez Perce to a peace conference. He saidthere were a great many white people in the country, and many more would come. But the Chief of the tribe at that time, Old Joseph, replied, “Take away your paper. I will not touch it with my hand.”Things were quiet for a while after that, but not for long. When Old Joseph died, the chiefship was passed onto Young Joseph. In the late 1870s, government officials came to order the Nez Perce to leave theWallowaValleyand then began hard battles between the Nez Perce and the white soldiers. After the tribe had fought thirteen battles and moved 1,600 miles to-wards Canada in an attempt to retreat(撤退) north, Young Joseph, gave in to the United States Army. Here was his famous statement, “Hear me my chiefs. I am tired; my heart is sick and sad. From where the sun now stands I will fight no more forever.”In 1885, Chief Joseph was sent along with manyof his band to the Colville Reservation inWashingtonwhere Joseph continued to lead his band for another 25 years, at times coming into conflict with the leaders of 11 other tribes living on the reservation.(保留地，居留地)8. What isTRUEabout the Lewis andClark expedition?A. They were well cared for by the Nez Perce.B. They ended their expedition on the banks ofClearwater River.C. They started the first battle with the Nez Perce.D. They were the first Americans to travel from theAtlanticto the Pacific.9. What ended the friendship between the Nez Perce and the Whites?A. Old Joseph’s proud mannerB. White men’s increasing demand for land and goldC. A growing number of white men in the landD The breakdown of the peace talk10. Young Joseph gave in at last because ________.A. he grew olderB. he was terribly illC. he hated the warD. he lost other chiefs’ support11. The passage might be followed by a paragraph about ________.A. the customs and traditions of the Nez Perce IndiansB. the last years of Chief Joseph in the Colville ReservationC. lasting fights between the Nez Perce and the whitesD. constant conflicts between the Nez Perce and other tribesDMost teenagers are still trying to find their passion and purposes in life. However, not Gitanjali Rao. The 15-year-old girl has been coming up with innovative solutions to worldwide problems since she was ten. It is, therefore, not surprising that the teenager has won the honor of “America's Top Young Scientist”.In the third grade, Rao was inspired to build a device after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint, Michigan, where cost-cutting measures led to the use of a polluted river as the city's primary water supply and incredibly high levels of lead made their way into people's drinking water.After two months' research, Rao designed a small and portable device that used sensors to instantly detect lead in water. Called Tethys, after the Greek Goddess(女神) of freshwater, it attaches to a cellphone and informs the residents via an app if their drinking water contains lead. The design earned her the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2017. She is currently working with scientists and medical professionals to test Tethys' potential and hopes the device will be ready for commercial use by 2022.Later, Rao took on another social issue-drug addiction. Her app, called Epione, which won the Health Pillar Prize at the TCS Ignite Innovation Student Challenge in May 2019, is designed to catch drug addiction in young adults before it's too late.More recently, the teenager has developed an app named Kindly, which usesartificial intelligence technology to detect possible signs of cyberbullying(网上欺凌). When users type in a word or phrase, Kindly is able to pick it up if it's bullying, and then it gives the option to edit it or send it the way it is. It gives them the chance to rethink what they are saying so that they know what to do next time.All kinds of awesome, Gitanjali Rao has been selected from 5,000 equally impressive nominees(被提名人) for TIME Magazine's first-ever “Kid of the Year”.12. What gave Rao the idea of inventing the device Tethys?A. The incident of lead pollution.B. The issue with drug addiction.C. The shortage of water supplies.D. The high cost of purifying water.13. What is Rao expecting of Tethys?A. It'll remove metal from water.B. It'll make it to market soon.C. It'll win her a higher prize.D. It'll be fitted to cellphones.14. What will Kindly allow users to do?A. Receive pre-warning signals of threat.B. Input words into a computer automatically.C. Choose from secure social networking sites.D. Weigh their words before posting them online.15. Which of the following can best describe Gitanjali Rao as a young scientist?A. Ambitious and humble.B. Optimistic and adventurous.C. Talkative and outstanding.D. Creative and productive.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年上海市汇知学校高三英语一模试题及答案解析
2020年上海市汇知学校高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen it comes to the greatest inventions of the world, China’s name is sure to be mentioned several times. There are hundreds of things which were invented by the Chinese.AlcoholShocked? I was because when they said alcohol I thought about either the US or the UK. China had never crossed my mind. In China, alcohol was made by two legendary persons named Yi Di and Du Kang who belonged to the Xia Dynasty. This period was about 2000 BC - 1600 BC. Research says that in ancient China, beer with 4% alcoholic content was widely consumed by people.TeaChina is the proud inventor of tea which was first drunk by Shen Nong, a Chinese emperor around 2737 BC. Tea production was rapidly developed, making tea a popular drink during the Tang and Song Dynasties.The Mechanical ClockHave you ever wondered what on earth we would be doing without any idea of time? A clock really is an invention without which things were incomplete. The credit of making the first mechanical clock goes to ancient China. The first mechanical clock was invented by Yi Xing in the Tang Dynasty. This was during 618 and 907.Silk FabricSilk, the favorite fabric of many girls out there, is also a Chinese invention. Although we all know that silk is made by silkworms, it was Chinese people who first invented a way to harvest the silk and then use it to make clothes. The oldest silk which has been found so far is in Henan Province and dates back to 3630 BC.1.We can learn from Paragraph 2 that ________.A.people in the US like alcoholB.beer was popular in the Xia DynastyC.Yi Di and Du Kang invented alcohol by accidentD.the author didn’t know alcohol is a Chinese invention2.The author asks the question in Paragraph 4 to show ________.A.ancient Chinese inventors were wiserB.many things in our lives are incompleteC.ancient Chinese people never wasted timeD.the invention of the mechanical clock is important3.Which of the following invention has a longer history?A.Tea.B.Alcohol.C.Silk fabric.D.The mechanical clock.BFirst grader Gavin Clampett was diagnosed(诊断) with Tourette’s Syndrome at the age of five. Due to the neurological(神经的) disorder, he always experiences a variety of sudden uncontrolled movements and sounds.The uncontrollable actions mean that he often gets dirty looks from strangers in public and kids make cruel comments on the school bus and in class. In an effort to prevent the unkind comments, Gavin’s mother, 32yearold Rebecca Clampett helped him make a video with his sister Brynn, nine, and played it to pupils at his school to help them understand the condition.In the video, which Rebecca also shared on YouTube, Gavin’s sister Brynn starts by answering the question “What is Tourette’s Syndrome?” She explains, “It is a neurological disorder, which means it affects the brain so that a person makes unwanted movements. These are called tics(抽搐), but not like a tic that is found outside. These tics can be very noticeable or not very noticeable, quiet or loud.”School can be hard for all kids. That canbe even harder for children like Gavin because they have to face people who laugh at them every single day. “I feel like my brother and every other kid who has Tourette’s Syndrome are brave. So be kind to them and don’t treat them differently because they are just like you”, Brynn says in the video.Gavin concludes, “Everyone could play with someone. Some people think I can’t because I’m different but actually I can. Some are afraid that I will say dirty words, but actually I won’t. The disease bothers me a little, but I’m OK.”4. What can we know about Tourette’s Syndrome?A. It can be treated with drugs.B. It is usually found at an early age.C. People with it will say dirty words.D. People with it can make uncontrolled sounds.5. Because of the disease, others often _________.A. take pity on GavinB. give a hand to GavinC. keep away from GavinD. look down upon Gavin6. In the video, Gavin’s sister __________.A. explains her brother’s diseaseB. expresses her love for her brotherC. complains about unkind commentsD. encourages others to donate money7. What can be used to best describe Gavin?A. Lucky.B. Helpless.C. Optimistic.D. Stubborn.CMusic is said to be a universal language. But for Chase Burton, a deaf filmmaker fromTexas, music has always been a totally different experience.“When I was a kid, I’d lie on the floor so I could feel the vibrations (震动，颤动) from my brother’s band rocking out below my body, ” the 33-year-old man said. “That was one of the first times I began building a relationship with music.”In 2016, his ability to experience music changed dramatically, thanks to California-based technology company Not Impossible Labs. It designed a vibrating suit that enables deaf people to “feel” music through their skin. Consisting of a body harness (背带), ankle and wrist belts, the suit translates audio into a range of vibrating pulses that are felt at 24 contact points.Burtonhas been trialing the suit for four years.“The sound hits different parts of your body, ” saidBurton. “Maybe it will strikeme down in my ankles first. And then I’ll start to feel the vibrations in my back. And then I’ll feel some pulsations in my wrist.”The creators want to extends the tactile (触觉) musical experience beyond the deaf community. In 2018, they gave out 150 of the suits at a rock concert inLas Vegaswhere half the audience members were deaf and half were able to hear.Since then, Not Impossible Labs has been working to improve the technology and says it’s ready to go to market soon. Eventually, the creators want the suit to become a consumer product, accessible to all. The company’s talent and business development director, Jordan Richardson, said that the technology could be used in live sports broadcasts, video games and theme parks.As a writer and director who’s been working to make the movie world more accessible,Burtonhopes that thevibrating suit will be available to his film audiences in the future. He believes the suit canenhanceemotions while watching a movie – for hearing as well as deaf people. “I see the tech as a real opportunity to help people understand that music for movies doesn’t always need to be enjoyed through the ears”.8. Why would Chase Burton lie on the floor when he was a kid?A. To feel some pulsations in his wrist.B. To feel the vibrations from his brother’s band.C. To expand the tactile musical experience.D. To begin building a bond with films.9. What do we know about Not Impossible Labs from the passage?A. It was started by Chase Burton in 2016.B. Its products have been used in live sports broadcasts.C. It is a technology company based inCalifornia.D. Its administrative director is Jordan Richardson.10. Which can replace the underlined word “enhance” in the last paragraph?A. createB. expressC. coverD. strengthen11. What is the best title for the passage?A. Vibrating Suit Allows Deaf People to “Feel” MusicB. Tech Company Provides Free Suits for Deaf PeopleC. Deaf People Enjoy Rock Music with Free SuitD. Movies Need to Be Enjoyed Through the EarsDMost people around the world are right-handed. This also seems to be true in history. In 1799, scientists studied works of art made at different times from 1,500 B.C. to the 1950s. Most of the people shown in these works are right-handed, so the scientists guessed that right-handedness has always been common through history. Today, only about 10% to 15% of the world’s population is left-handed.Why are there more right-handed people than left-handed ones? Scientists now know that a person’s two hands each have their own jobs. For most people, the left hand is used to find things or hold things. The right hand is used to work with things. This is because of the different work of the two sides of the brain. The right side of the brain, which makes a person’s hands and eyes work together, controls the left hand. The left-side of the brain, which controls the right hand, is the centre for thinking and doing problems. These findings show that moreartists should be left-handed, and studies have found that left-handedness is twice as common among artists as among people in other jobs.No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed instead of left-handed. Scientists have found that almost 40% of the people become left-handed because their main brain is damaged when they are born. However, this doesn’t happen to everyone, so scientists guess there must be another reason why people become left-handed. One idea is that people usually get right-handed from their parents. If a person does not receive the gene(基因) for right-handedness, he / she may become either right-handed or left-handed according to the chance and the people they work or live with.Though right-handedness is more common than left-handedness, people no longer think left-handed people are strange or unusual. A long time ago, left-handed children were made to use their right hands like other children, but today they don’t have to.12. After studying works of art made at different times in history, the scientists found _______.A. the art began from 1,500B.C.B. the works of art ended in the 1950sC. most people shown in the works of art are right-handedD. most people shown in the works of art are left-handed13. What is the left hand for most people used to do?A. It’s used to find or hold things.B. It’s used to work with things.C. It’s used to make a person’s eyes work together.D. It’s the centre for thinking and doing problems.14. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed.B. Left-handedness is cleverer than right-handedness.C. Today children are not made to use their right hands only.D. Scientists think there must be some reason why people become left-handed.15. The best title for this passage is _______.A. Scientists’ New InventionsB. Left-handed PeopleC. Which HandD. Different Brains, Different Hands第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020上海静安高三英语一模作文范文
2020上海静安高三英语一模作文范文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1Hi everyone! Today I'm going to share with you the essay I wrote for the 2020 Shanghai Jing'an District's high school English exam. It was really tough but I managed to finish it, so I hope you will enjoy reading it!Title: My Dream School TripLast month, my school organized a trip to the countryside for all the students. I was so excited because I had never been to the countryside before. The trip started early in the morning and we all got on a big yellow school bus. The bus ride was so much fun, we sang songs and played games all the way there.When we arrived, we were greeted by the most beautiful scenery I had ever seen. There were lush green fields, colorful flowers, and chirping birds everywhere. We were split into groups and given a map to explore the area. My group decided to visit a farm first. We got to see cows, sheep, and even a horse!I was so happy because I had never been so close to animals before.After the farm visit, we had a picnic by the lake. We ate sandwiches, fruits, and had a mini bbq. It was so delicious and we all had a great time chatting and laughing. Then we went on a nature walk and saw butterflies, dragonflies, and even a squirrel! It was like being in a fairy tale.As the day came to an end, we gathered around a bonfire and roasted marshmallows. We sang songs and told stories until it was time to go back. On the bus ride home, I looked out the window and saw the stars twinkling in the sky. I closed my eyes and made a wish - to always remember this wonderful school trip.I will never forget this amazing day and I can't wait for the next school trip. Thank you for reading my essay, I hope you enjoyed it as much as I enjoyed writing it. Bye!篇2Oh my gosh! The 2020 Shanghai Jing'an District senior high school English first mock exam was like, so intense! I was totally freaking out when I saw the essay topic. It was like, "Describe a meaningful experience you had and explain why it was important to you." I was like, "What am I gonna write about?" But then Iremembered this really cool trip I took with my family last summer, so I decided to write about that.So, last summer, my family and I went to this awesome beach resort for vacation. It was like, the best time ever! We spent all day swimming in the ocean, building sandcastles, and eating ice cream. But the most memorable part was one night when we all sat around a campfire and told stories. It was so cool to be together with my family, laughing and having fun.I think this experience was so important to me because it showed me how much I love spending time with my family. Sometimes, I get so caught up in school and friends that I forget how special my family is. This trip reminded me to appreciate the moments I have with them and to cherish the memories we make together.Overall, the 2020 Shanghai Jing'an District senior high school English first mock exam was a little scary, but I'm really glad I got to write about such a meaningful experience. It made me realize how lucky I am to have such an awesome family.篇3Oh my gosh! I can't believe I'm finally in Shanghai Jing'an High School as a senior student! Time flies so fast, and now I'mtaking the 2020 Shanghai Jing'an High School English exam. Today, I wanna tell you all about it.The exam started at 9 am, and I was so nervous! The first part was listening comprehension. The speakers spoke so fast, but I tried my best to catch every word. There were conversations, news broadcasts, and even a song! It was so cool.After that, we had the reading section. We had to read a passage about climate change and answer questions about it. It was challenging, but I remembered to take my time and think carefully before answering.Then came the writing section. We had to write an essay about the importance of learning a second language. I wrote about how learning a second language can help us connect with people from other cultures and open up new opportunities for us. I think I did a pretty good job!Finally, there was the speaking test. We had to talk about our favorite book and why we liked it. I chose "Harry Potter" because it's so magical and full of adventure. I spoke confidently and tried to use some fancy vocabulary to impress the examiners.Overall, I think I did my best in the exam. I worked hard and stayed focused throughout the whole test. Now, all I can do is wait for the results and hope for the best. Fingers crossed!篇4Hey guys, today I want to share with you about the Shanghai Jing'an High School's English exam for high school seniors in 2020. It was super tough, but with a lot of hard work, I think I did pretty well!The first part of the exam was the reading comprehension section. We had to read a few passages and answer questions about them. Some of the passages were about history, some were about science, and some were even about literature. I had to really concentrate and make sure I understood everything before trying to answer the questions. It was a bit tricky, but I think I managed to do okay.Next, we had the writing section. We had to write an essay about a topic they gave us. I can't remember exactly what it was, but I remember spending a lot of time trying to think of good ideas and organizing my thoughts. I tried to include lots of examples and details to make my essay interesting and informative. I hope the examiners liked it!Overall, the exam was tough, but I'm glad I studied hard and did my best. I really hope I get a good grade so I can go to a good college. Wish me luck, guys! Let's all work hard and achieve our dreams together!篇5Hello! Today I want to tell you about the Shanghai Jing'an High School Senior Year 1 English exam. It was super hard, but I did my best!The exam had a lot of different parts, like reading, listening, writing, and speaking. The reading part was about a girl named Lily and her adventures in the jungle. It was so cool to imagine all the animals she saw! The listening part was a bit tricky because we had to listen to people talking fast in English. But I think I understood most of it.The writing part was my favorite because I got to write a story about my summer vacation. I went to the beach with my family and we had so much fun! I wrote about building sandcastles and eating ice cream. It was great!The speaking part was a bit nerve-wracking because I had to talk in front of the whole class. But I practiced a lot at home with my mom and dad, so I wasn't too nervous. I talked about myfavorite hobby, which is playing soccer. I love scoring goals and winning games with my team!Overall, the exam was tough, but I think I did pretty well. I tried my best and that's all that matters. I can't wait to see my results and celebrate with my friends. Yay for English exams!篇62020 Shanghai Jing'an High School Senior Three English First Model EssayHey guys! Today I want to tell you about the English first model exam we had in 2020 at Shanghai Jing'an High School. It was really tough, but also super important for us seniors as it's a big step towards our future.The exam was divided into different parts like reading, writing, listening, and speaking. The reading part was all about understanding passages and answering questions about them. It was a bit challenging because the passages were quite long and we had to pay attention to details.In the writing part, we had to write an essay on a given topic.I wrote about the importance of education in today's world. I talked about how education can open doors for us and help usachieve our dreams. It was fun to think about this topic and express my thoughts in English.The listening part was a bit tricky because we had to listen carefully to conversations and answer questions about them. Sometimes the speakers spoke really fast, so we had to stay focused.Lastly, the speaking part was nerve-wracking! We had to speak in front of the whole class and answer questions about ourselves. I was a bit nervous at first, but then I remembered to just be confident and speak clearly.Overall, the English first model exam was a challenging but rewarding experience. It tested our English skills and helped us improve. I'm proud of myself for getting through it and I know it will help me in the future. Can't wait to see what's next!。
2020年上海市实验学校东校高三英语一模试题及参考答案
2020年上海市实验学校东校高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ARome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 anight, and for that, you’ll often get to stay in a central location (位置) with security and comfort.Yellow HostelIf I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It’s one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It’s affordable, and it’s got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it’s close to the main train station.Hostel Alessandro PalaceIf you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.Youth Station HostelIf you’re looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn’t charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.Hotel and Hostel Des ArtistesHotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.1.What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel?fort.B.Security.C.Price.D.Location.2.Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?A.Yellow Hostel.B.Hostel Alessandro Palace.C.Youth Station Hostel.D.Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.3.What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes?A.It gets noisy at night.B.Its staff is too talkative.C.It charges for Wi-Fi.D.It’s inconveniently located.BAs a rider, Anna Kiesenhofe’s Olympics victory might be a surprise. The winner of the road race at the Tokyo Olympics left the sport at the end of 2017 when she found herself out of contract (合同). She came into Tokyo without a professional team and left as an Olympic champion.The 30-year old began her cycling career in 2014 after running injuries that prevented her from continuing her pursuits of triathlon (铁人三项). She later joined a Catalan team and won the Spanish National Cup in 2016.The then-26 year old signedher first professional contract with Lotto Soudal Ladies for the following season. However, she ended her 2017 campaign in April and did not sign a contract for 2018, eventually taking a year off the bike. In 2019, Kiesenhofer came back to the sport as a rider, winning the Austrian national road race. Despite her results, Kiesenhofer sill had no professional contract while going into the Tokyo Olympics.Kiesenhofer was the first rider to attack in the Olympic road race, eventually forming a breakaway along with Carl Oberholzer, Omer Shapira, Vera Looser and Anna Plichta, which went on to reach a gap of 11 minutes. After Looser and Oberholzer were dropped, Kiesnhofer ataced her two remaining breakaway companions.After Shapira and Plichta were caught by the peloton (主车群), the rest of the riders seemed to believe that they were racing among themselves for Gold, not knowing that Remehofere was still in front. While it might be a misjudgment from the rest of the peloton that allowed Kiesenhofer to keep her lead of more than two minutes, other riders’ mistakes should not detract from the Austrian’s efforts.Off the bike the new Olympic Champion has a PhD in mathematics after studying at the Technical University of Vienne as well as at Cambridge University. She currently works at the University of Lausanne.4. Why did Anna give up triathlon?A. She got injured.B. She lost interest in it.C. She had to attend university.D. She never won a medal.5. Which is the right order of the following events?①She ended her campaign.②She took a year off the bike.③She began her cycling career.④She won the Austrian national road race.⑤She won the Spanish National Cup.A. ③④①②⑤.B. ②③④①⑤.C. ③⑤①②④.D. ④②③①⑤.6. What were the riders of the peloton unaware of at the Tokyo Olympics?A. The road race was so difficult.B. Anna was a new rider.C. They had caught up with Anna.D. Anna took the lead of them.7. What is Anna’s present job?A. A cycling coach.B. A university teacher.C A professional rider. D. A college student.CSmart speakers have proven to be handy devices in hospitals, allowing patients to control independently . And now, researchers from theUniversityofWashingtonhave developed an artificial intelligence system that enables these devices to monitor heartbeats.Using technology to remotely monitor heart rates isn't new. These days most smartwatches and fitness trackers are capable of it. The good thing here is that researchers have figured out a way to use the microphones in smart speakers to do it without requiring physical contact.In a study published inCommunications Biology, the researchers had the smart speakers send out signals that couldn't be heard which were then reflected off a person's body. They then analyzed these signals to identify small chest wall motions related to heartbeats, as well as separate those signals from surrounding noise and breathing.For this particular proof — of — concept setup, the researchers tested this smart speaker on 26 healthy participants and 24 hospitalized patients with various heart conditions, including atrial fibrillation（心房颤动）and heart failure. In both cases, the smart speaker was within 28 -30 milliseconds of an ECG（心电图）,the gold standard used in hospitals to discover arrhythmia（心律不齐）.Like smartwatches with advanced heart features, using smart speakers in this way opens up the possibility for passive, remote heart monitoring. ECGs, while highly accurate, require a visit to the doctor and several electrodes （电极）to be placed on the body. They,re not capable of continuous monitoring so you're limited to what it picks up at that exact moment in time ——one reason why heart arrhythmia can be so hard to discover.Smartwatches are capable of passive, remote, continuous monitoring, but they require you to wear the device at all times to be effective. It's not something that's comfortable for everyone, especially when it comes to sleep and for those with highly sensitive skin. Another issue is that these advanced smartwatches are expensive,while smart speakers are much cheaper.“If you have a device like this, you can monitor a patient on an extended basis and then develop corresponding care plans that satisfy the patient' s needs,“ said Dr. Arun Sridhar, co — senior author on the study. "And the beauty of using this kind of devices is that they are already in people's homes.”8. What does the author focus on in Paragraph 3?A. How the smart speaker works.B. Why the smart speaker is useful.C. The advantages of smart speakers.D. The importance of the study.9. Why is heart arrhythmia difficult to find?A. ECGs are not highly accurate.B. ECGs can't monitor continuously.C. Doctors know little about heart arrhythmia.D. An ECG test is hard to operate and expensive.10. Which statement best explains the characteristics of smartwatches?A. They are comfortable to wear.B. They are friendly to sensitive skin.C. They are effective and cheap.D. They are able to monitor remotely.11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. We need to invent more smart devices.B. Care plans are vital to patients with heart failure.C. Smart speakers could be contactless heart monitors.D. Different devices are needed to meet patients,demands.DRichard Campbell is a secondary school student. He is15 years old. He lives in a small town in the north ofEngland. Every morning, he gets up at eight o’clock, puts on his uniform and walks to school.One hour later, the lessons start. The students usually study maths, English, history and geography in the morning. They usually study music and drawing and they play sports after lunch. They have a ten-minute break between classes. They also spend a long time in the school library, reading books and doing their homework.Richard likes his school very much. His favourite subjects are English and geography, but he doesn’t like maths because he is not good at it.Richard and all his friends spend the whole day at school. Lunch is at one o’clock. He doesn’t like the food that the school serves. This is why he often brings a packed lunch from home. He always has his lunch in the dining hall, but some of his friends sometimes eat in the courtyard or outside the school gate.At weekends, he always goes out with his friends because he doesn’t go to school. On Saturday, he always goes to the cinema or to the sports centre. On Sunday, he just goes for a walk with his dog.12. What time do Richard’s lessons begin in the morning?A. At 8:00.B. At 8:30.C. At 9:00.D. At 9:10.13. What does Richard like best?A. Maths and English.B. English and geography.C. History and maths.D. Geography and history.14. Where does Richard have lunch on weekdays?A. In the dining hall.B. At home.C. In the courtyard.D. Outside his school gate.15. What does Richard always do on Saturday?A. He reads and does homework.B. He goes to see films or does sports.C. He walks his dog or does exercise.D. He spends a long time in the library.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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2020年上海高三英语一模分类汇编：英语写作2020宝山一模VI. Guided Writing76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120〜150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是红星中学高三年级的学生，你的英语老师在作文批阅时经常采用学生自批，学生互批或教师批阅（或集体批阅或面批）的方式。
请就此情况通过微信和英语老师沟通一下，谈谈你的看法，你的文章必须包括：*你喜欢哪种方式？为什么？*提出你认为可以提高作文批阅效率的合理化建议并给出理由。
注意：请勿透露本人真实姓名和学校名称。
2020崇明一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.76. 明启中学为了进一步丰富学校艺术节，决定在原有三个专场（分别是：书法专场、器乐专场、歌曲专场）的基础上再增加一个专场，现向广大师生征求意见。
假设你是该校学生林平，给负责的王老师写一封电子邮件，表达你的意见。
邮件内容须包括：> 增加的专场的名称；> 该专场的具体内容；> 增加该专场的理由。
注：文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校。
2020奉贤一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.随着移动网络的发展，各种手机APP应运而生，给我们的生活带来了极大便利，但许多同学也因此沉迷网络。
现学生会发起一项清理手机APP的倡议，如果你只能从以下四个APPs：Wechat，Taobao，E-dictionary，Glory of Kings (mobile game)中保留两个，你会如何选择，并说明理由。
2020虹口一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.76.手机给现代人的生活带来了很多便利，甚至改变了人们的日常生活方式。
人们常常会在手机上下载一些常用的应用程序(app)。
你平时使用较多的是哪一类应用程序呢？请你向同学们推荐一款应用程序，并阐述理由。
2020黄浦一模Ⅵ. 76. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120 -150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是李明，你校正在进行高三年级的课程微调，准备将周三下午的第四节课设置为“艺术欣赏类课程(art appreciation)”或者“学科拓展类课程(subject expansion)”，现广泛征求高三同学的意见。
请发一封邮件至校长信箱（邮件中请不要出现真实的校名和姓名），你的邮件内容需包括：1. 你建议校方设置以上两类课程中的哪一类；2. 你的理由；3. 你希望此类课程包含哪些内容。
2020嘉定一模Ⅵ. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120 - 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学学生王磊，你校下个月将举行中外学生交流活动，现向学生征求活动方案。
你主动向校长写信，表达你的想法。
你的信包括以下内容：1. 活动的主题；2. 你设计的1-2个活动的具体内容；3. 你设计该活动的理由。
2020静安一模VI．Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学的王华，你校学生会将举办主题为“Looking for the Chinese Spirit”的英语演讲比赛，请你作为参赛者写一篇演讲稿, 内容包括：1. 描述生活中最感动你的一个人或一件事，并说明其体现了怎样的中国精神；2. 你获得的启发及感受。
(注意：请勿出现真实的姓名与学校)2020闵行一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructionsgiven below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学的李华，你校外籍教师Chris将在文化周期间做一个有关西方艺术的讲座，现就讲座内容征求你校学生的意见。
请给Chris写一封电子邮件，邮件必须包含以下内容•你喜欢的讲座话题（从音乐、美术、舞蹈、戏剧中任选其一）：•选择该话题的原因及关于该话题你感兴趣的内容；•希望从中有何收获。
2020浦东一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.76.文华中学的读书节即将展开，学校将给每个班级配发图书（按下图显示的比例），放置在班级中，总量为20 本。
现在学校向学生们征求意见，假设你是该学校的学生李华，请你给学校写封邮件，描述提供的图书类型并谈谈你的意见与建议。
（学科辅导类：test-prep books）2020普陀一模VI. Guided WritingDirections:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.如今，许多家长焦虑地守在孩子身边、密切关注孩子一举一动，被称之为“直升机父母(Helicopter parents)”，还有“扫雪机父母(Snowplow parents)”,轰隆隆地扫除孩子通往成功路上的所有障碍，让孩子免遭失败、挫折。
对此，学校校刊特辟专栏对此进行讨论，请以李华为名投稿，用身边的例子描述这两类家长，并谈谈对此的看法。
2020青浦一模VI. Guided WritingDirections:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学高三学生李青，将在主题为“我的家乡变美了”的班会上发言。
请撰写一篇演讲稿，内容必须包括：▪家乡变美了的具体表现；▪你对家乡未来的畅想。
（演讲稿的开头已给出，不计入总词数。
）2020松江一模VI. Guided Writing (25 分)Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below m Chinese.你校准备为高三学生开展一次普及上海历史知识的活动，现有两个方案征求大家意见：1.学校组织学生集体驱车前往上海市历史博物馆(Shanghai History Museum),现场参观并聆听专业讲解员(professional museum guide)介绍上海历史，共计五小时；2.学校邀.请某知名大学历史教授到校以“上海历史''为主题做讲座，共计两小时。
请你以李华的名义向王校长写一封信，在信中谈谈你更偏向哪个方案，并说明理由”。
2020徐汇一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是陈芳。
你的好友王敏是新华中学的学生，下个月将去英国的姐妹校交流访问。
王敏想拍摄一个短片，向英国的同学和老师介绍自己的学校。
她通过邮件向你征求意见。
写一封回信，内容须包括：1、短片的主题以及与之匹配的主要内容；2、你选择这些内容的理由。
2020杨浦一模Ⅵ. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120 -150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.请简要描述图片，并结合生活实际（自身或他人的例子），谈谈你对于“舒适圈”的看法。
2020长宁金山一模Ⅵ. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120 - 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是李华，今年暑假在一家老年医疗中心当了一个星期的志愿者。
请给你的朋友王平写一封信，与其分享本次经历。
你的信必须包括：●你的所见所闻●你的感悟（信的开头已经为你写好）。