人教英语必修1 Unit4 grammar

高一英语人教版必修一 Unit4
Grammar
the restrictive attributive clause
关系代词：who / that / which/பைடு நூலகம்hom/whose
定语：用来修饰名词或代词的词、短语、从句；相当 于一个形容词。
The kinds of the Attribute:
1. A plane is a machine _th_a_t_/w__h_ic_h__can fly.(作_主___语)
2. This is a tree _t_h_a_t/_w_h_i_ch__ we planted.(作宾____语)
3. This is a girl t_h_a_t/_w_h_o__ studies hard.（作主___语） 4. The girl_t_h_a_t/_w_h_o_/_w_h_o_m__ I talked about is a friend of mine.（作_宾__语）
A.The man is called Smith.I saw him last week.
The man (Whom) I saw last week is called Smith.
B. Have you found the keys? You lost them.
Have you found the keys（ which/that ）
1) Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.
Of whom the
3) This is the book whose (of which the) cover is blue.
（定语/指人或物）
猜一猜：以下划线的词在句中作什么成分
7. I know the woman_w__h_o_s_e husband is a worker. （作_定__语）
记一记：口诀
在定语从句中，先行词等于引导词。
要填引导词，先找先行词，再看先行词是指人还 是物，
接着看它是在定从做主语还是宾语
看一看：请对号入座
1）先行词指人引导词用： 作主语:who/that 作宾语（可省）：th_a_t _wh_o__w_h_o_m
He i从s a句n E）ng概lis念h t:eacher who likes singing songs.
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
定语从句 先行词 关系词
定语从句: 先行词 + 关系词 +定语从句
1.The number of people who/that were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.
5.There is little work __t_h_a_t __ you can do.
1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生. This is the doctor who saved the boy’s life. 2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔. The man who is running is my uncle.
3. 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 4. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the
last修饰时。 5. 先行词既有人又有物时。 6. 当主句前以 who 或 which 开头的特殊疑问句
时，限制性定语从句必须用 that 引导。
Practice
1.The first one ___th_a_t ___ stands up is a little boy.
2.Mr.Smith (whom )you met yesterday is a friend of mine.
3.China is a country which/that has a long history.
4.The book (that/which) I bought yesterday is on English grammar.
1.a blue coat something important a picture of my family
2.The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.
(修饰, 限定)
2. The Attributive Clause（定语
5.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
which/who/that/whom/whose home在从句中充 充当什么成分？定语从句中谓语单复数由
先行词的单复数 决定.
归纳总结：分析以上的定语从句，归纳关系代词的作用
关系代词
which
that who whom whose
修饰功能
物 物 人 人 人
人/物
在从句中的作用
subject（主语） object（宾语）
object（宾语） attribute（定语）
关系代词的作用：一是修饰限定先行词，二是指 代先行词，三是在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、 定语
4. whose 在从句中只作定语,指人或物。“……的” 若指物,可与of which the互换,若指人 可与of whom the 互换
2.All __th_a_t __ we can do is to study hard.
3.This the best play __th_a_t___ I have seen since I came here.
4. The only thing __t_h_at___ matters is the baby’s health.
作定语: whose+名词=the+名词+of whom 2）先行词指物引导词用： 作主语:__th_a_t _ __w_hi_c_h_
作宾语（可省）: t_h_at_ _w_hi_ch 作定语:whose+名词=the+名词+ of which
1. We are planting trees. They don’t need much water.
you lost?
易错题辨析 they/who/whom/them
①Mr Li has three daughters, none of whom __________ is an engineer． ②Mr Li has three daughters, but none of ___t_h_e_m____ is a dancer． ③Mr Li has three daughters; ___T_h_e_y_____ are doctors． Mr Li has three daughters and __t_h_e_y___ are doctors. Mr Li has three daughters ____w_h_o____ are doctors.
We are planting trees which/that don’t need much water.
2. I know lots of people. They can speak English.
I know lots of people who/that） can speak English
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that。
1. 先行词为all, everything, something, anything, little等不定代词时。
2. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。
3. 我喜欢我闺蜜买给我的那条裙子。
I like the skirt that my best friend bought me.
4. 住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.
The woman who lives next door is a teacher.