吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》(重排版)-章节题库(第五章)【圣才出品】
吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》(重排版)笔记和考研真题详解
20.1复习笔记 20.2考研真题与典型题详解
21.1复习笔记 21.2考研真题与典型题详解
22.1复习笔记 22.2考研真题与典型题详解
23.1复习笔记 23.2考研真题与典型题详解
24.1复习笔记 24.2考研真题与典型题详解
25.1复习笔记 25.2考研真题与典型题详解
0 1
第26章埃 兹拉·庞德
目录分析
第1章约翰·史密斯
第2章威廉·布拉德 福德和约翰·温思罗
普
第3章约翰·科顿和 罗杰·威廉姆斯
第4章安妮·布雷兹 特里特和爱德华·泰 勒
1.1复习笔记 1.2考研真题与典型题详解
2.1复习笔记 2.2考研真题与典型题详解
3.1复习笔记 3.2考研真题与典型题详解
4.1复习笔记 4.2考研真题与典型题详解
11.1复习笔记 11.2考研真题与典型题详解
12.1复习笔记 12.2考研真题与典型题详解
13.1复习笔记 13.2考研真题与典型题详解
14.1复习笔记 14.2考研真题与典型题详解
15.1复习笔记 15.2考研真题与典型题详解
16.1复习笔记 16.2考研真题与典型题详解
17.1复习笔记 17.2考研真题与典型题详解
第5章本杰明·富兰 克林
第6章托马斯·佩恩
第7章托马斯·杰斐 逊
第8章菲利普·弗瑞 诺
5.1复习笔记 5.2考研真题与典型题详解
6.1复习笔记 6.2考研真题与典型题详解
7.1复习笔记 7.2考研真题与典型题详解
8.1复习笔记 8.2考研真题与典型题详解
第9章华盛
1
顿·欧文
第10章詹姆
2
27.1复习笔记 27.2考研真题与典型题详解
陶洁《美国文学选读》(第3版)章节题库-第五章至第六章【圣才出品】
第5单元赫尔曼·梅尔维尔I.Fill in the blanks.1.Herman Melville’s novel_____is a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale.【答案】Moby Dick【解析】《白鲸》是一部以捕鲸生涯为题材的小说，一位名叫亚哈（Ahab）的“皮廓德号”（Pequod）捕鲸船船长带领全体船员，追捕一条叫做“莫比·迪克”的大白鲸的历险过程。
2.______is famous for writing stories about the sea and the islands of the Southern Pacific.In his masterpiece______,he tells a story of a whaling voyage within which is set a symbolic account of the conflict between man and his fate.【答案】Herman Melville；Moby Dick【解析】赫尔曼·麦尔维尔因写南太平洋的大海和岛屿的故事而著名。
他的代表作《白鲸》讲述了以人与他自己命运的冲突作为象征的捕鲸航程。
3.______is the narrator in Moby Dick.【答案】Ishmael【解析】以实玛利是小说《白鲸》的叙述者。
4.It is said that in his late years,Herman Melville stopped writing novels and storiesand turned to poetry,______is his most famous poetic work.【答案】Clarel【解析】麦尔维尔发表的小说在当时反响平平，晚年他放弃小说改写诗歌。
吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》章节题库（含考研真题）（殖民地时期的美国文学）【圣才出品】
吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》章节题库（含考研真题）（殖民地时期的美国文学）【圣才出品】第一章殖民地时期的美国文学填空题1. The term “Puritan” was applied to those settlers who originally were devout members of the Church of ______.【答案】England【解析】清教徒（Puritan），是指要求清除英国国教Church of England中天主教残余的改革派。
其字词于16世纪60年代开始使用，源于拉丁文的Purus，意为“清洁”。
2. The most enduring shaping influence in American thought and American literature was ______.【答案】American Puritanism【解析】美国文化源于清教文化，由清教徒移民时传入北美。
美国主流价值观都可以追溯到殖民地时期一统天下的清教主义，并且清教思想对美国文学有着根深蒂固的影响。
3. Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety, these were the ______ values that dominated much of the early American writing.【答案】Puritan【解析】清教主义，起源于英国，在北美殖民地得以实践与发展。
清教徒强调艰苦奋斗、勤俭节约、虔诚和淡泊。
这些价值观也影响了早期的美国文学。
4. Many Puritans wrote verse, but the works of two writers, Anne Bradstreet and ______, rose to the level of real poetry.【答案】Edward T aylor【解析】美国殖民时期最著名的诗人是安·布莱德斯特和爱德华·泰勒。
吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》章节题库(含考研真题)(理性时代和革命时期文学)【圣才出品】
第二章理性时代和革命时期文学填空题1. In Philadelphia, ______ edited the Pennsylvania Magazine, and contributed to the Pennsylvania Journal.【答案】Thomas Paine2. On January 10, 1776, Thomas Paine’s famous pamphlet ______ appeared.【答案】Common Sense【解析】1776年美国独立的风潮开始，托马斯·潘恩支持美国独立，反对英国的殖民专政，撰写了他的成名小册子《常识》，为美国从英国殖民中独立出来辩论，批评英国国王残暴无能，认为独立后的美国应该建立共和国。
3. Except Common Sense, Paine’s the other two famous works were______ and ______.【答案】The Rights of Man，The Age of Reason【解析】潘恩著名的作品包括，《常识》、《人的权利》、《理性的时代》。
4. Thomas Paine’s second most important work ______ was an impassioned plea against hereditary monarchy.【答案】The Rights of Man【解析】1791年3月，托马斯·潘恩在伦敦出版《人权论》，激烈抨击埃德蒙·伯克（Edmund Burke，1729-1797）的《法国革命感言录》（Reflections on the Revolution in France）（1790）。
《人权论》的可贵之处还在于，它冲破了当时笼罩于整个西方思想界对英国君主立宪政体的迷信，深入骨髓地批判了这一政体，给当时还处于摸索状态的法国革命指明了共和主义的崭新方向。
吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》(重排版)-章节题库(第一~三章)【圣才出品】
第二部分章节题库第一章中古时期一、填空题1. ______ is the oldest poem in the English language, and also the oldest surviving epic in the English language.【答案】Beowulf【解析】《贝奥武夫》讲述了斯堪的纳维亚的英雄贝奥武夫的英勇事迹。
是迄今为止发现的英国盎格鲁-撒克逊时期最古老、最长的一部较完整的文学作品，也是欧洲最早的方言史诗。
2. Today Chaucer is acclaimed not only as “the father of English poetry”but also as “the father of English fiction”. His masterpiece is ______.【答案】The Canterbury Tales【解析】乔叟的代表作是《坎特伯雷故事集》。
3. ______ is the “father of English poetry”and one of the greatest narrative poets of England, whose masterpiece The Canterbury Tales is one of the most famous works in all literature.【答案】Geoffrey Chaucer【解析】杰弗里·乔叟于1340年出生于伦敦，他是英语诗歌的创始者。
他逝于1400年，葬于威斯敏斯特教堂，也被称作“诗人角”。
4. In “The Canterbury Tales”, Chaucer employed the writing _____ with true ease and charm for the first time in the history of English literature.【答案】heroic couplet【解析】杰弗里·乔叟（1340—1400）英国小说家、诗人，被誉为“英国诗歌之父”，代表作品《坎特伯雷故事集》，大部分采用的是英雄双韵体。
吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》模拟试题及详解(二)【圣才出品】
第二章吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》模拟试题及详解（二）I. Fill in the blanks1. Harriet Beecher Stowe’s masterpiece is ______.【答案】Uncle Tom’s Cabin【解析】比彻·斯托夫人（Harriet Beecher Stowe 1811-1896）的名作长篇小说《汤姆叔叔的小屋》（Uncle Tom’s Cabin）是19世纪最畅销的小说（以及第二畅销的书，仅次于最畅销的书《圣经》）并被认为是刺激废奴主义于1850年代兴起的一大原因。
2. The Age of Realism is also what Mark Twain referred to as “_______”.【答案】The Gilded Age【解析】现实主义时期被马克吐温看作“镀金时代”。
3. Pound was the leader of a new movement in poetry which he called the “______”movement.【答案】imagism【解析】庞德是意象主义运动的领军人物。
4. Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote ______, which has been called “the Manifesto ofA merican Transcendentalism,”and ______, which has been regarded as A merica’s “Declaration of Intellectual Independence.”【答案】Nature；“The A merican Scholar”【解析】爱默生的《论自然》被称为“美国超验主义的宣言”，其《美国学者》则被誉为美国知识分子的独立宣言。
5. William Bradford’s work ______ consists of two books. The first book deals with the persecutions of the Separatists in Scrooby, England, and the second book describes the signing of the “Compact”.【答案】MayflowerII. Multiple Choice1. Which ONE of the following is the author of The Leather-Stocking Tales?A. Henry David ThoreauB. Washington IrvingC. Edgar Allan PoeD. James Fennimore Cooper【答案】D【解析】James Fenimore Cooper（库柏），美国早期作家，The Leather-Stocking Tales （《皮裹腿故事集》）是他的经典之作。
吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》配套题库【章节题库(含考研真题)】-第一~二章【圣才出品】
第一章殖民地时期的美国文学填空题1. The term “Puritan” was applied to those settlers who originally were devout members of the Church of ______.【答案】England【解析】清教徒（Puritan），是指要求清除英国国教Church of England中天主教残余的改革派。
其字词于16世纪60年代开始使用，源于拉丁文的Purus，意为“清洁”。
2. The most enduring shaping influence in American thought and American literature was ______.【答案】American Puritanism【解析】美国文化源于清教文化，由清教徒移民时传入北美。
美国主流价值观都可以追溯到殖民地时期一统天下的清教主义，并且清教思想对美国文学有着根深蒂固的影响。
3. Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety, these were the ______ values that dominated much of the early American writing.【答案】Puritan【解析】清教主义，起源于英国，在北美殖民地得以实践与发展。
清教徒强调艰苦奋斗、勤俭节约、虔诚和淡泊。
这些价值观也影响了早期的美国文学。
4. Many Puritans wrote verse, but the works of two writers, Anne Bradstreet and______, rose to the level of real poetry.【答案】Edward T aylor【解析】美国殖民时期最著名的诗人是安·布莱德斯特和爱德华·泰勒。
5. The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America is a collection of poems composed by ______.【答案】Anne Bradstreet【解析】安·布莱德斯特律是美国殖民时期著名的诗人。
吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》(重排版)-章节题库(第四~五章)【圣才出品】
第四章英国启蒙运动阶段一、填空题1.The Graveyard Poets were a number of pre-Romantic English poets of the18th century characterized by their gloomy meditations on mortality in the context of the graveyard.A contemplative and mellow mood is achieved in the celebrated opening verse of Gray’s_____.【答案】Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard【解析】这首诗充满感伤情调，成为18世纪后期感伤主义诗歌的典范之作。
2.Swift is a master of_____,his satire is usually masked by an outward gravity andan apparent earnestness which renders his satire all the more powerful.【答案】satirist【解析】乔纳森·斯威夫特（1667—1745）是英国作家、政治家、讽刺文学大师，代表作品《格列夫游记》《一只桶的故事》。
3.It is simply for convenience that we study the18th century English literature in three main divisions:the region of_____,the revival of_____,and the beginning of _____.【答案】classicism;poetry;novel【解析】受启蒙运动的影响，18世纪英国文学出现新流派——新古典主义；18世纪后半期，前浪漫主义产生并逐渐取代新古典主义；小说产生于18世纪，并成为一个重要的文学体裁。
陶洁《美国文学选读》(第3版)章节题库-第五章至第六章【圣才出品】
第5单元赫尔曼·梅尔维尔I.Fill in the blanks.1.Herman Melville’s novel_____is a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale.【答案】Moby Dick【解析】《白鲸》是一部以捕鲸生涯为题材的小说，一位名叫亚哈（Ahab）的“皮廓德号”（Pequod）捕鲸船船长带领全体船员，追捕一条叫做“莫比·迪克”的大白鲸的历险过程。
2.______is famous for writing stories about the sea and the islands of the Southern Pacific.In his masterpiece______,he tells a story of a whaling voyage within which is set a symbolic account of the conflict between man and his fate.【答案】Herman Melville；Moby Dick【解析】赫尔曼·麦尔维尔因写南太平洋的大海和岛屿的故事而著名。
他的代表作《白鲸》讲述了以人与他自己命运的冲突作为象征的捕鲸航程。
3.______is the narrator in Moby Dick.【答案】Ishmael【解析】以实玛利是小说《白鲸》的叙述者。
4.It is said that in his late years,Herman Melville stopped writing novels and storiesand turned to poetry,______is his most famous poetic work.【答案】Clarel【解析】麦尔维尔发表的小说在当时反响平平，晚年他放弃小说改写诗歌。
《美国文学史及选读》考研吴伟仁版考研复习笔记和真题
《美国文学史及选读》考研吴伟仁版考研复习笔记和真题第一部分殖民地时期的美国文学第1章约翰·史密斯1.1 复习笔记I. Historical Introduction (历史背景)(1) At the beginning of the seventeenth century, the vast continental area that was to become the United States had been probed only slightly by English and European explorers. At last early in the seventeenth century, the English settlements in Virginia and Massachusetts began the main stream of what we recognize as the American national history.(2) The colonies that became the first United States were for the most part sustained by English traditions, ruled by English laws, supported by English commerce, and named after English monarchs and English lands.(3) The first writings that we call American were the narratives and journals of the settlements. They wrote about their voyage to the new land, about adapting to new life and dealing with Indians; they wrote letters, contracts, government charters, religious and political statements.(4) The first permanent English settlement in North America was established at Jamestown, Virginia in 1607. Among the members of the small band of Jamestown settlers was Captain John Smith, an English soldier of fortune.His reports of exploration, published in the early 1600s, have been described as the first distinctly American literature written in English. (1) 直到17世纪初，美国所在的广袤大陆才被英国及少数几个欧洲国家的探险家涉足。
吴伟仁美国文学史及选读重排版笔记和考研真题详解
吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》（重排版）笔记和考研真题详解目录第一部分 殖民地时期的美国文学 第1章 约翰·史密斯 1.1 复习笔记 1.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第2章 威廉·布拉德福德和约翰·温思罗普 2.1 复习笔记 2.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第3章 约翰·科顿和罗杰·威廉姆斯 3.1 复习笔记 3.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第4章 安妮·布雷兹特里特和爱德华·泰勒 4.1 复习笔记 4.2 考研真题与典型题详解第二部分 理性时代和革命时期文学 第5章 本杰明·富兰克林 5.1 复习笔记 5.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第6章 托马斯·佩恩 6.1 复习笔记 6.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第7章 托马斯·杰斐逊 7.1 复习笔记 7.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第8章 菲利普·弗瑞诺 8.1 复习笔记 8.2 考研真题与典型题详解第三部分 浪漫主义文学 第9章 华盛顿·欧文 9.1 复习笔记 9.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第10章 詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库柏 10.1 复习笔记 10.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第11章 威廉·卡伦·布莱恩特 11.1 复习笔记 11.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第12章 埃德加·爱伦·坡 12.1 复习笔记 12.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第13章 拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生 13.1 复习笔记 13.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第14章 亨利·戴维·梭罗 14.1 复习笔记 14.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第15章 纳撒尼尔·霍桑 15.1 复习笔记 15.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第16章 赫尔曼·麦尔维尔 16.1 复习笔记 16.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第17章 亨利·沃兹沃思·朗费罗 17.1 复习笔记 17.2 考研真题与典型题详解第四部分 现实主义文学 第18章 沃尔特·惠特曼 18.1 复习笔记 18.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第19章 艾米莉·狄金森 19.1 复习笔记 19.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第20章 哈丽雅特·比彻·斯托 20.1 复习笔记 20.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第21章 马克·吐温 21.1 复习笔记 21.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第22章 欧·亨利 22.1 复习笔记 22.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第23章 亨利·詹姆斯 23.1 复习笔记 23.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第24章 杰克·伦敦 24.1 复习笔记 24.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第25章 西奥多·德莱塞 25.1 复习笔记 25.2 考研真题与典型题详解第五部分 20世纪美国文学 第26章 埃兹拉·庞德 26.1 复习笔记 26.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第27章 埃德温·阿林顿·罗宾逊 27.1 复习笔记 27.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第28章 罗伯特·弗罗斯特 28.1 复习笔记 28.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第29章 卡尔·桑德堡 29.1 复习笔记 29.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第30章 华莱士·史蒂文斯 30.1 复习笔记 30.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第31章 托马斯·斯特恩斯·艾略特 31.1 复习笔记 31.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第32章 F．斯科特·菲茨杰拉德 32.1 复习笔记 32.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第33章 欧内斯特·海明威 33.1 复习笔记 33.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第34章 约翰·斯坦贝克 34.1 复习笔记 34.2 考研真题与典型题详解 第35章 威廉·福克纳 35.1 复习笔记 35.2 考研真题与典型题详解弘博学习网————各类考试资料全收录内容简介《美国文学史及选读》（吴伟仁主编）一直被用作高等院校英语专业英国文学教材，被许多院校指定为英语专业考研必读书和学术研究参考书。
吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》模拟试题及详解（一）【圣才出品】
吴伟仁《美国⽂学史及选读》模拟试题及详解（⼀）【圣才出品】第⼀章吴伟仁《美国⽂学史及选读》模拟试题及详解（⼀）I. Fill in the blanks1. ______, by Ezra Pound, employs the complex association of scholarly lore, anthropology, modern history and personages, private history and Witticism, and obscure literary interpolations in various languages.【答案】The Cantos【解析】庞德的《诗章》包罗万象，是庞德的代表作。
2. ______ was regarded as the first great prose stylist of American romanticism. 【答案】Washington Irving【解析】华盛顿·欧⽂是美国著名作家，他被誉为美国第⼀位浪漫主义散⽂⽂体作家。
3. The protagonist of Theodore Dreiser’s Trilogy of Desire is ______.【答案】Frank Cowperwood【解析】西奥多·德莱塞的《欲望三部曲》（Trilogy of Desire）包括《⾦融家》（The Financier），《巨⼈》（The Titan），《斯多葛》（The Stoic）。
《欲望三部曲》的主⼈公是法兰克·柯帕乌（Frank Cowperwood）。
4. The great work ______ not only demonstrates Emersonian ideas of self-reliance but also develops and tests Thoreau’s own transcendental philosophy.【答案】Self-Reliance【解析】富兰克林的《论⾃⽴》不仅表现了爱默⽣关于⾃⽴的思想，同时也表达了他的超验主义思想。
吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》配套题库【章节题库(含考研真题)】-第五章【圣才出品】
第五章20世纪美国文学填空题1. “Impersonal theory” of poetry was developed by ______, a famous poet as well as a distinguished literary critic.（天津外国语学院2011研）【答案】T. S. Eliot【解析】（“非个性化”理论是艾略特诗歌理论的核心内容，包括艺术情感、传统、客观对应物三个相互影响、相互制约的核心概念，“诗不是表现情感，而是逃避情感；不是表现个性，而是逃避个性。
”）2. In his ______, Ezra Pound expresses his fascination with Chinese history and the doctrine of Confucius. （天津外国语大学2011研）【答案】Cantos【解析】Ezra Pound在长诗《诗章》中阐述孔子学说，他的另一诗集Cathay《华夏》收集并翻译了十几首中国古诗。
3. Author ______ Title ______ （南京大学2009研）The two waiters inside the cafe knew that the old man was a little drunk, and while he was a good client they knew that if he became too drunk he would leave without paying, so they kept watch on him.【答案】Author: Ernest Hemingway Title: A Clean, Well-lighted Place【解析】题目节选自海明威的A Clean, Well-lighted Place（《一个干净明亮的地方》）。
这是海明威的一个短篇小说。
4. Author ______ Title ______ （南京大学2008研）His mother’s hand to uched his shoulder.“Does hit hurt?” she said.“Naw,” he said. “Hit don’t hurt. Lemme be.”【答案】Author: William Faulkner Title: Barn Burning【解析】题目节选自福克纳的Barn Burning（《烧牲口棚》）。
《美国文学史及选读》考研吴伟仁版考研复习笔记和真题
《美国文学史及选读》考研吴伟仁版考研复习笔记和真题第一部分殖民地时期的美国文学第1章约翰·史密斯1.1 复习笔记I. Historical Introduction (历史背景)(1) At the beginning of the seventeenth century, the vast continental area that was to become the United States had been probed only slightly by English and European explorers. At last early in the seventeenth century, the English settlements in Virginia and Massachusetts began the main stream of what we recognize as the American national history.(2) The colonies that became the first United States were for the most part sustained by English traditions, ruled by English laws, supported by English commerce, and named after English monarchs and English lands.(3) The first writings that we call American were the narratives and journals of the settlements. They wrote about their voyage to the new land, about adapting to new life and dealing with Indians; they wrote letters, contracts, government charters, religious and political statements.(4) The first permanent English settlement in North America was established at Jamestown, Virginia in 1607. Among the members of the small band of Jamestown settlers was Captain John Smith, an English soldier of fortune.His reports of exploration, published in the early 1600s, have been described as the first distinctly American literature written in English. (1) 直到17世纪初，美国所在的广袤大陆才被英国及少数几个欧洲国家的探险家涉足。
Y美国文学史及选读吴伟仁版复习笔记)
History And Anthology of American Literature (VolumeⅠⅡ)美国文学史及选读1、2PartⅠThe Literature of Colonial America殖民主义时期的文学1.17世纪早期English and European explorers开始登陆美洲。
在他们之前100多年Caribbean Islands, Mexicoand other Parts of South America已被the Spanish占领。
2.17th早期English settlements in Virginia and Massachusetts(弗吉尼亚和马萨诸塞)开始了美国历史3.美国最早殖民者(earliest settlers)included Dutch ,Swedes ,Germans ,French ,Spaniards ,Italians andPortuguese (荷兰人，瑞典人，德国人，法国人，西班牙人，意大利人及葡萄牙人等)。
4.美国早期文学主要为the narratives and journals of these settlements采用in diaries and in journals(日记和日志)，他们写关于the land with dense forests and deep-blue lakes and rich soil.5.第一批美国永久居民：the first permanent English settlement in North America was established atJamestown,Virginia in 1607(北美弗吉尼亚詹姆斯顿)。
6.船长约翰·史密斯Captain John Smith他的作品(reports of exploration)17th早期出版，被认为是美国第一部真正意义上的文学作品in the early 1600s,have been described as the first distinctly American literature written in English.他讲述了filled with themes, myths, images, scenes, character and events,吸引了朝圣者和清教徒前往lure the Pilgrims and the Puritans.7.美国第一位作家：1608年Captain John Smith写了封信《自殖民地第一次在弗吉尼亚垦荒以来发生的各种事件的真实介绍》“A True Relation of Such Occurrences and Accidents of Note as Hath Happened in Virginia Since the First Planting of That Colony”.8.他的第二本书1612年《弗吉尼亚地图，附：一个乡村的描述》“A Map of Virginia: with a Description of theCountry”.9.他一共出版了八本书，其中有关于新英格兰的历史及描述。
《美国文学史及选读》考研吴伟仁版考研复习笔记和真题
《美国文学史及选读》考研吴伟仁版考研复习笔记和真题第一部分殖民地时期的美国文学第1章约翰·史密斯1.1 复习笔记I. Historical Introduction (历史背景)(1) At the beginning of the seventeenth century, the vast continental area that was to become the United States had been probed only slightly by English and European explorers. At last early in the seventeenth century, the English settlements in Virginia and Massachusetts began the main stream of what we recognize as the American national history.(2) The colonies that became the first United States were for the most part sustained by English traditions, ruled by English laws, supported by English commerce, and named after English monarchs and English lands.(3) The first writings that we call American were the narratives and journals of the settlements. They wrote about their voyage to the new land, about adapting to new life and dealing with Indians; they wrote letters, contracts, government charters, religious and political statements.(4) The first permanent English settlement in North America was established at Jamestown, Virginia in 1607. Among the members of the small band of Jamestown settlers was Captain John Smith, an English soldier of fortune.His reports of exploration, published in the early 1600s, have been described as the first distinctly American literature written in English. (1) 直到17世纪初，美国所在的广袤大陆才被英国及少数几个欧洲国家的探险家涉足。
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第五章20世纪美国文学一、填空题1. The decade of the 1920s in America was a time of carefree prosperity, isolation, social change and a feverish pursuit of pleasure. The most representative novelist of the period is _____, whose works were a harsh judgment on the false values of the 1920s and the loss of the great American dream.【答案】F. Scott Fitzgerald【解析】菲茨杰拉德是20世纪20年代最具代表性的作家。
菲茨杰拉德的《了不起的盖茨比》通过完美的艺术形式描写了20年代贩酒暴发户盖茨比所追求的“美国梦”的幻灭，揭示了美国社会的悲剧。
2. Fitzgerald’s greatness lies in the fact that he found intuitively in his personal experience the embodiment of that of the nation and created a myth out of American life. The story of The Great Gatsby is a good example. Gatsby’s life pattern—at first, _____, then disenchantment, and finally a sense of despair —approximates the whole of the American experience.【答案】hope【解析】盖茨比的个人经历与20世纪前几十年美国整个国家的经历如出一辙。
现代人生活在精神的荒原之上，生活已失去目的和意义，看看盖茨比豪华但毫无意义的宴会便可略知一二。
盖茨比的个人生活已成为整个国家文化历史上的伟大寓言。
菲茨杰拉德在文化思想领域取得的最大成就正在于此。
3. For Fitzgerald who lived in _____ and was part of it, his greatness lies in his perception of the doom of the American dream, and his depiction of the frustration and despair that result from it in The Great Gatsby.【答案】roaring twenties【解析】菲茨杰拉德是20世纪20年代最具代表性的作家。
他的短篇小说集《爵士乐时代的故事》赋予了20年代特有的名字，他本人也成为“爵士乐时代“的代言人。
4. The Wall Street crash of 1929 set the tone for the writing of the 1930s. Steinbeck’s _____, a story of the migration of agricultural workers from the dust bowl of Oklahoma to California, is full of bitterness and pain but not exactly despair.【答案】The Grapes of Wrath【解析】《愤怒的葡萄》显示了斯坦贝克和其他20世纪30年代反映经济危机的作家有不同之处。
那个年代的作品中弥漫着沮丧与失败主义，但在这样的氛围之中，斯坦贝克相信人性，相信未来人们能克服困难，情况能有所好转。
5. Making the history of the Deep South the subject of the bulk of his fiction, _____created a symbolic picture of the remote past in such Yoknapatawpha stories as Go Down. Moses.【答案】William Faulkner【解析】福克纳的作品被称为“约克纳帕特发世家小说”。
6. Of Mice and Men is written by____.【答案】John Steinbeck【解析】《人鼠之间》是美国作家约翰·斯坦贝克的中篇小说。
不仅艺术地展现了田园牧歌式的农庄生活和残酷的社会现实的冲突，而且反映了人对生存条件的真切感受。
7. The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock is written by____.【答案】T. S. Eliot【解析】托马斯·斯特恩斯·艾略特，英国著名现代派诗人和文艺评论家。
成名作《普鲁弗洛克的情歌》用内心独白表现主人公渴望爱情又害怕爱情的矛盾心态，表现的是现代人的空虚和怯懦。
8. In 1925, Fitzgerald wrote his best novel ______. It is the story of an idealist who was destroyed by the influence of the wealthy, pleasure-seeking people around him.【答案】The Great Gatsby【解析】《了不起的盖茨比》是美国作家弗·司各特·菲茨杰拉德创作的一部以20世纪20年代的纽约市及长岛为背景的中篇小说，出版于1925年。
9. In Robert Frost’s ______, the speaker tells us how the course of his life was determined when he came upon two roads that diverted in a wood.【答案】The Road not T aken【解析】《未选择的路》是美国著名诗人罗伯特·弗罗斯特的著名诗篇。
这首深邃的哲理诗展现了现实生话中人们处在十字路口时难以抉择的心情。
10. “The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet black bough”was written by __________.【答案】Ezra Pound【解析】《在一个地铁车站》是美国诗人庞德的作品。
“这些面庞从人群中涌现，湿漉漉的黑树干上花瓣朵朵。
”11. The literary spokesman of the Jazz Age is often thought to be _________.【答案】Francis Scott Fitzgerald【解析】弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德（1896—1940）是二十世纪美国作家，小说《了不起的盖茨比》的问世，奠定了他在现代美国文学史上的地位，成为了二十年代“爵士时代”的发言人和“迷惘的一代”的代表作家。
12. Robert Frost poetry focused on the landscape and people in _______.【答案】New England【解析】弗罗斯特的抒情诗主要描写了大自然和农民，尤其是新英格兰的景色和北方的农民。
13. Pound was the leader of a now movement in poetry which he called the “_____”movement.【答案】imagist【解析】埃兹拉·庞德（1885—1972）是美国诗人和文学评论家，意向派诗歌云顶的代表人物，代表作品《诗章》《在地铁车站》。
二、选择题1. An Imagist poem often contains a single dominant image, or a succession ofrelated images. Its effect is meant to _____.A. be instantaneousB. stir a strong emotionC. be spontaneousD. attract the readers【答案】A【解析】意象派诗歌通常包含一个单一的主导意象，或一系列相关意象。
它强调瞬间的即视感。
2. The basic themes of T. S. Eliot’s criticism concerned the relationship betweentradition and _____ and between the past, the present, and the future.A. revolutionB. reformC. popular schools of thoughtsD. individual talent【答案】D【解析】艾略特批评的基本主题是传统与个人才能的关系，过去、现在和未来的关系。
3. Hemingway’s strength lies in his short sentences and very specific details. Hisshort sentences are powerfully loaded with _____ which he sees in life.A. meaningB. senseC. vigorD. tension【答案】D【解析】海明威的长处在于他的短句和非常具体的细节。
他的短句充满了紧张感。
4. Which of the following is not a principle followed by the Imagist writers?A. economy of expressionB. clear rhythmC. direct treatmentD. beautiful phrases.【答案】D【解析】意象派宗旨是要求诗人以鲜明、准确、含蓄和高度凝炼的意象生动及形象地展现事物。
5. As a poet, Sandburg was associated with the Imagists and his best-known poem is _____.A. BirchesB. Design。