学术论文写作课程期末试题

中文学科论文写作》2018-2019期末试题及答案

中文学科论文写作》2018-2019期末试题及答案1.检索工具是指提供文献资料线索的工具，常用的有数据库、搜索引擎和文摘等。

2.学术论文可分为研究论文和应用论文（包括毕业论文）两类，根据直接写作目的的不同而定。

3.观点和材料是论文的两大构成要素，论文所用的材料应当准确、充分、有力，以证明和表达论文的观点。

4.比较文学研究需要注意问题的可比性，通常需要从时间、空间、文化等方面来进行确定。

5.在学术论文撰写过程中，在语言层面上要求准确、简练、连贯、恰当，避免使用口语化、俚语化的表达方式，同时要注意语法、标点等基本规范。

6.评析教材中的例文《博尔赫斯小说的意象分析》，要全面分析论文的各个方面，包括题目选择、观点确立、材料使用、结构安排、段落组织和语言运用等。

同时要注意分析要有条理、能自圆其说，语言要顺畅。

7.写作提纲应包括标题和内容纲要两个部分。

标题要具体、醒目，内容纲要要包括主题、论点、论据和结论等。

摘要和关键词应当准确概括论文的主旨和重点，为读者提供快速了解论文内容的途径。

内容纲要是论文的重要组成部分，应真实、全面、清晰地反映出论文的总体构成状况。

其应包含中心论点、各个层面的小论点及主要论据或材料的逻辑框架，展开的步骤、各观点间的逻辑关系以及主要材料的使用方法等。

内容纲要应以分条列项的形式写出，先写大的部分或层次的论点，然后是中项目，最后是各个小项目。

无论是哪个层次的项目，都必须简洁、明确，能客观地标示文章内容，起到提纲挈领的作用。

一般而言，内容纲要的写法比较详细，常见的形式为：一、大的部分或大的层次的论点一）段的论点1．段内层次的意思1)材料摘要是论文内容“不加注释和评论的简短陈述”，必须符合以下要求：要有客观性，避免主观评价和使用主观词句；要有独立性和自含性，能为一篇相对完整的短文，读者即便不读论文全文，也能通过摘要对论文内容有大致的了解，获取必要的信息；要有简洁性，不宜写得过长，中文摘要一般不宜超过200-300字。

江苏大学期末学术论文写作试卷

江苏大学学术论文写作--- 试卷+答案+讲解Part IDirections: Answer the following question on the Answer Sheet. 10% What are the main strategies (listed at least Five) for international journal paper submission? P1491）Select an article published in your own field from your target journal and preferably written by a native speaker of English; analyze its structure and language characteristics.2）Read Instruction for Authors/Guide for Authors carefully to know more about its specific requirements. 3）Respect international readers by taking differences in culture, reading habits, and use of languages into consideration4）Tailor for the r eferee’s taste:learn about the referee’s requirements beforehand in order to meet the general review expectations.5）Pay attention to self-checklists to ensure that the manuscript has such academic merits as being original in content, standard in language, and consistent in style.6）Think about the research grants.7）Invite recommendations.8）Remember to express your gratitude to the people concerned.Part IIDirections: Judge the following statements about academic writing by giving T (True) or F (False). 10%1.A professional paper is a formal document in which professionals present their views and research findings on any deliberately chosen topic.2.A literature review chapter requires a number of structural elements, which help guide the reader from one sentence and paragraph to the next in a logical and seamless fashion.3.S ince the Acknowledgements part is highly personal, the language used in this part can be informal and colloquial.4.T he reader can see fully annotated references for each source used in one paper within its abstract.5.C areful note taking and an understanding of how to document sources will keep you from the reality and the appearance of plagiarism.6.D o not write results inconsistent with expectation.7.O ne should avoid, if possible, trade names, acronyms, abbreviations, or symbols in writing an abstract.8.T he Discussion part generally follows the same order of the research questions.9.H aving decided the target journal, you can read Introduction for Authors carefully to get more detailed information.10.The discussion section addresses the question “What was found or invented in the study”.1-5 TTFFT 6-10 FTTTFPart IIIDirections: Discuss the general linguistic features of English academic writing as demonstrated in the following article. Illustrate these features with examples from the article. 15% P6-9The grain drill is tractor propelled vehicle used primarily to sow grain seeds. In order to optimize the application of the grain drill, the width of the rollers may be adjusted manually. Therefore, the recent years have witnessed some new approaches to develop more controlled sowing metering systems. Despite these advancements in trying to improve the performance of the grain drill, a full system that provides a feedback from the seeds about their flow is yet to be tackled.In order to equip the grain drill with a feedback mechanism of its operation, it is necessary to develop a sensing system which can estimate the flow rate of grain seeds under the operational conditions. Therefore, there has been a need to test these systems outdoors, so as to adapt any sensing system developed indoors to the outdoors operational conditions where environmental effects may beuncontrolled. Consequently,the objective of this research work was to adapt the sensing system developed by the authors to outdoor operational conditions. This could be achieved by installing the sensors on the grain drill, and modifying the mass estimation model and its governing algorithm算法、运算法则to the outdoor operational conditions including machine vibration, dust, and different tractor running speeds. (An excerpt from The Age of Revolution by Eric Friedman, 2015:55)Formality, complexity, explicitness, accuracy, conciseness, objectivity/hedging, responsible此问题，回答要点，并举例说明，比如：Formality：There are no contractions, no colloquialisms, no abbreviations, no phrasal verbs and second person pronouns. Complexity：In order to ….conditions. a long sentence Explicitness：The objective isAccuracy：Algorithm, terminologyConciseness：ConsequentlyObjectivity:Hedging: may, might …Responsible: the author should acknowledge the source he/she consults in the paper, such as (An excerpt from the Age of Revolution by Eric Friedman, 2015:55)Part IVDirections: Read the following abstract and analyze its structural elements. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. 15% P117ABSTRACT1 The main aim of this study was to determine if there was a positive relationship between prosocial忠于社会道德准则video game use and prosocial behaviour in children and adolescents.2 This study had a cross-sectional correlational design. 3Data were collected from 538 9—15 year old children and adolescents between March and December 2014. 4 Participants completed measures of empathy同理心, prosocial behaviour and video game habits. 5 Teachers rated the prosocial behaviour of participants. 6 The socioeconomic status of participants was also gathered. 7Multiple linear regressions回归、复原、退化were conducted on these data. 8 Prosocial video game use was positively associated with the tendency to maintain positive affective情感relationships, cooperation and sharing as well as empathy. 9This association remained significant after controlling for gender, age, school type (disadvantaged/ non-disadvantaged), socioeconomic status, weekly game play and violent video game use. 10 These findings provide evidence that prosocial video game use could develop empathic concern and improve affective relationships in a diverse population ofyoung people.Objective: 1 The main aim of this study was to determine if there was a positive relationship between prosocial video game use and prosocial behaviour in children and adolescents.Method: 2-6 This study had a cross-sectional correlational design. 3 Data were collected from 538 9—15 year old children and adolescents between March and December 2014. 4 Participants completed measures of empathy同理心, prosocial behaviour and video game habits. 5 Teachers rated the prosocial behaviour of participants. 6 The socioeconomic status of participants was also gathered.Results: 7-9 Multiple linear regressions were conducted on these data. 8 Prosocial video game use was positively associated with the tendency to maintain positive affective relationships, cooperation and sharing as well as empathy. 9 This association remained significant after controlling for gender, age, school type (disadvantaged/ non-disadvantaged), socioeconomic status, weekly game play and violent video game use.Conclusions: 10These findings provide evidence that prosocial video game use could develop empathic concern and improve affective relationships in a diverse population of young people.Part VDirections: The following sentences are taken from the introduction to a research paper. The sentences are not presented in their proper order. Number the sentences in the order you think they appeared in the original introduction. 10% P81A.T he present study explored how BIM (with its 3D visualization and data storage capabilities) can facilitate fire safety management, which is frequently carried out in a two-dimensional (2D) environment. Purpose/objectiveB.C urrently, researchers worldwide are considering potential applications of BIM. Latest researchC.H owever, many possible applications require further investigation to examine the relevant benefits/challenges of using BIM, including integration with simulations of operations for scheduling purposes, structural safety analysis, and fire safety management. Research questionD.S ome BIM-based applications are mature and have been widely used in practice, such as for construction interference detection, four-dimensional (4D) schedule visualizations, and quantity take-offs. Topic/importanceE.Building information modeling (BIM)首次出现is effective in three dimensional (3D) visualization and data/information storage for planning, constructing and operating/maintaining building construction projects.Background information EDBCAPart VIDirections: A: What purposes does Discussion Section have?4% P46B: Read the following discussion section and complete the following tasks. 11%1.W hat is the objective of this research?2.F ind out the sentences relating the findings to similar studies.3.D oes the section mention any limitations of the study? If yes, point them out.总结、关键信息4.W hat is the main take-home message of the study? DISCUSSIONThe study tested the mediational assumptions implied by Pekrun’s (2006) control-value theory of achievement emotions in more direct ways. Specifically, the study examined the link between critical thinking and trigonometry三角学achievement for engineering students with negative academic emotions as the mediating variable.The five negative academic emotions (anger, shame, boredom, anxiety and hopelessness) were negatively correlated with final grade, but anxiety and hopelessness registered the highest negative correlation with final grade.Therefore, the more the engineering students get anxious and hopeless in performing their tasks (e.g., problem solving), the lower would be their final grade in trigonometry. As hypothesized, critical thinking was positively correlated with final grade. Thus, more critical thinking could result to higher final grade. This confirmed previous study (Eshel & Kohavi, 2003) that the use of cognitive strategies (e.g., critical thinking) was reported to have significant positive correlation with math achievement.Furthermore, anger, shame, boredom, anxiety and hopelessness negatively predicted engineering students’ final grade, whereas critical thinking positively predicted final grade. This supported extant theories (Linnenbrink & Pintrich, 2000; Pekrun, 1992) that negative emotions could interfere with the cognitive processing needed to do the academic task thus, inhibiting achievement.However, only two negative academic emotions (anxiety and hopelessness) significantly mediated the relation between critical thinking and final grade. Results of Sobel test showed that indirect effects of both anxiety (activating) and hopelessness (deactivating) do not equal the total effect, thus, the effect of critical thinking on final grade is completely mediated by anxiety and hopelessness.First, anxiety completely mediated the relation between critical thinking and achievement. It was expected that students who employ critical thinking strategy have deeper engagement and a positive approach to do the academic tasks. In doing so, they became less anxious about academic tasks they are completing, thus achieving high final grade. Consistent with previous research (Ellis & Ashbrook 1988; Levine & burgess, 1997) anxiety could reduce working memory resources leading to an impairment of performance of complex or difficult tasks. But the present finding implied that anxiety could be inhibited when students critically engage in thinking in doing challenging tasks.Second, hopelessness completely mediated the relation between critical thinking and achievement. The results suggested that when students engage in critical thinking, their cognitive resources are used appropriately for the task to be completed, making them less hopeless, hereby increasing their achievement.Therefore, it was favorable for students to think critically about academic tasks because that would inhibit them from experiencing negative emotions. Consequently, their performance would increase. In sum, students experienced less of anxiety and hopelessness when engaged in more task-relevant thinking, increasing cognitiveresources available for task purposes, prompt more analytical and detailed way of processing information, thereby increasing academic achievement. (Source: Villavicencio, F. T, (2001). Critical Thinking, Negative Academic Emotions, and Achievement: A Mediational Analysis. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 20(1):118-126.)5.W hat purposes does Discussion Section have?4%The discussion section has four purposes: interpret the results; answer the research questions; justify the approach; and critically evaluate the study.6.W hat is the objective of this research? 3%The research question is “What is the link between critical thinking and trigonometry achievement for engineering students with negative academic emotions as the mediating variable?”7.F ind out the sentences relating the findings to similar studies. 3%This confirmed previous study (Eshel & Kohavi, 2003) that the use of cognitive strategies (e.g., critical thinking) was reported to have significant positive correlation with math achievement. (in Para. 2)This supported extant theories (Linnenbrink & Pintrich, 2000; Pekrun, 1992) that negative emotions couldinterfere with the cognitive processing needed to do the academic task thus, inhibiting achievement. (in Para. 3) Consistent with previous research (Ellis & Ashbrook 1988; Levine & burgess, 1997) anxiety could reduce working memory resources leading to an impairment of performance of complex or difficult tasks. (in Para. 4)8.D oes the section mention any limitations of the study? If yes, point them out. 2%No9.W hat is the main take-home message of the study? 3%In sum, students experienced less of anxiety and hopelessness when engaged in more task-relevant thinking, increasing cognitive resources available for task purposes, prompt more analytical and detailed way of processing information, thereby increasing academic achievement. (in Para. 6)Part VIIDirections: A: List the general structural features of conclusions (7%) P54B: Read the Conclusion Section of “Underlying Knowledge of Construction Management Consultants in China” and identify some of these features in this Conclusion Section. (8%)1CMS make a significant contribution to the rapid growth of China’s construction sector. In order to provide quality construction management services to clients/owners and maintain competitive advantage effectively, it is important for CMCS to possess a diverse, dynamic, and reasonable knowledge structure. In this study, a total of 22 important CMC knowledge areas were identified and grouped into four categories, namely, technology, economy, management and law. A Reference to the purpose 2Significantly, it is found that the perceived level of importance for each area is almost identical to the level of improvement needed in current practice in China, with knowledge of cost planning and project management, civil engineering construction, and engineering contract and law among the most highly rated. Furthermore, management-related knowledge such as cost planning and project management is gaining more and more importance for qualified CMCS as clients/owners tend to involve them in earlier stages of projects. Conclusion3The findings of this research offer a knowledge framework for CMCS to enhance their quality of service in China. For foreign CMCS, especially for those who are intended to enter the Chinese CMS market, there is an urgency to evaluate their current knowledge structure against those items identified here. Although theimportant role of CMCS knowledge in CMS has been acknowledged in the current study, the success of CMS might depend on some other potential factors, such as effective communication among CMSC and MCS professional ethics伦理学、道德标准. Arguably, these factors might play an increasingly important role in construction management programs as well as in practice in the future.Comments4This research has some limitations with respect to the lack of potential knowledge areas while designing the questionnaire, although extensive investigation was conducted to guarantee the comprehensiveness of indicators. The identified knowledge areas in the study are primarily based on the construction management curricula proposed by the Higher Education Advisory Panel, whereas the Chinese construction industry is undergoing a rapid change. Thus, future research is recommended to identify more comprehensive knowledge areas by taking into account the strong links between education and the development of the construction. Limitations1)The general features of conclusions:Conclusions based on sound evidenceA reference to the main purpose or hypothesis of the studyA brief summary of the main ideas in the paperComments on the main ideas in this paperPredictions for future developments of the topic Limitations of the work covered by the paperMention of further research2)Features of conclusion in this section:1.A reference to the main purpose or hypothesis of the study2.C onclusions based on sound evidence3.C omments on the main ideas in this paper4.L imitations of the work covered by the paper & Mention of further researchPart VIIIDirections: Identify the hedging expressions in the following sentences. 5%1.T here might be no difficulty in explaining how the structure contributes to the high survival rate.2.I t is possible to see that in our study short-time biochemical effects are also an important consideration.3.T here is experimental work to show that a week or 10 days may not be long enough and a fortnight to three weeks is probably the best theoretical period.4.C onceivably, smoking does not produce any impairment of cellular immunity.5.I n summary, GM technology could cause the transfer of a known allergen into new crops.1. might2. it is possible3. may4. probably5. conceivably6. couldPart IXDirections: Rewrite each of the following sentences, correcting any error in parallelism. 5%1.W e must either raise revenues or it will be necessary to reduce expenses.2.A company is not only responsible to its shareholders but also customers and employees as well.3.T he new instructor was both enthusiastic and she was demanding.4.I t is a truism that to give is more rewarding than getting.5.A battery powered by aluminum is simple to design, clean to run, and it is inexpensive to produce.1.W e must either raise revenues or reduce expenses.2.A company is not only responsible to its shareholders but also to customers and employees.3.T he new instructor was both enthusiastic and demanding.4.I t is a truism that to give is more rewarding than to get.5.A battery powered by aluminum is simple to design, clean to run, and inexpensive to produce.。

___本科《中文学科论文写作》2020-2021期末试题及答案(试卷号：1332)

___本科《中文学科论文写作》2020-2021期末试题及答案(试卷号：1332)一、填空1.在毕业论文写作中，考虑一个题目是否合适，主要应该考虑以下几个方面的条件：资料条件、时间条件和导师指导条件。

2.按资料的自身性质及其同研究对象的关系的不同，可以将其划分为两种类型，即原始资料和研究资料。

3.语料往往是语言类论文写作不可或缺的资料，而语料的获取方法主要有两种：一是“外采法”，二是“内省法”。

4.选择比较文学研究题目，要讲求问题或者说文学现象的可比性，而对文学现象的可比性，主要应从以下几个方面考虑：亲缘关系、类同关系和交叉关系。

二、简要回答下列问题5.组织学术论文的段落，主要应当依循哪些要求？学术论文段落的要求主要为：第一，___要明确，每个段落要说明什么意思，最好能让读者一看便知，而不要含而不露，让读者自己去体会、去揣摩。

第二，段意要统一，一个段落应当集中表达一个意思，段中的每一句话都应当与段旨有关，尽量不要把与段旨无关的语句写入段中。

第三，段意要完整，一个段落应把一个相对完整的意思表述清楚，在一个段落中，该说的话没有说完，就会使读者难以充分理解___。

___怎样才算完整呢？在一个段落中，能够围绕着一个段旨，采用必要而又充分的材料展开论述，使段旨得到有力的证明和清楚的表达，段意就算是完整的。

也可以根据自己的理解和分析得出一个新的题目。

②内容纲要应该包括以下几个方面：论文的主题、论文的结构、论文的重点、论文的方法和论文的意义。

2)摘要要简洁明了，能够概括论文的主要内容和结论，不超过300字。

3)关键词要能够准确反映论文的主题和内容，一般不超过5个。

答：写作提纲标题：《“甚”的词性演变》的语言学分析内容纲要：1.论文的主题：探究“甚”的词性演变过程及其语言学意义。

2.论文的结构：分为引言、正文和结论三部分。

3.论文的重点：分析“甚”的词性演变过程，包括从副词到形容词再到副词的演变。

4.论文的方法：采用文献资料法和实例分析法，运用语言学理论进行分析。

学术论文写作期末考题

英语专业学术论文写作期末考题要求：从下列选题中，选择一个论题，按照外国语学院毕业论文写作规范及格式要求，写出论文大纲，并列出参考文献目录。

分别写在两张纸上，以A4纸打印装订，统一上交。

上交日期截止为2011年12月25日。

文学：1.On Hardy’s Fatalism in The Return of the Native (也可选择哈代的其他作品)2. A Feminist Reading of Sister Carrie3. A Double Interpretation of Robinson Crusoe4.Symbolism in The Great Gatsby语言学：1. A Discussion of Puns in English2.The Polite Language in the English Language3. A Comparative Study of English and Chinese Idioms4.Symbolic Meaning and Usage of Color Terms教学法：1.Application of Body Language to Primary School English Teaching2.Improving Middle School Students’ Listening Comprehension3.Culture Lead-in in Senior Middle School English Teaching in China4.The Application of Cooperative Learning in Primary School English Teaching翻译：1.On Translating English Book Titles into Chinese2.On Translation of Chinese Public Signs into English3.Culture Factors in Translation4.Translation of Metaphor between English and Chinese。

《学术基本要素：专业论文写作》期末考试(20)

《学术基本要素：专业论文写作》期末考试（20）一、单选题（题数：60，共60.0 分）1《罗马晚期的工艺美术》的作者是（）。

（1.0分）1.0 分A、布克哈特B、潘诺夫斯基C、沃尔夫林D、李格尔我的答案：D2博士学位论文开题以后，必须保证（）以上的撰写时间。

（1.0分）1.0 分A、半年B、一年C、一年半D、两年我的答案：B3“两句三年得，一吟双泪流”与（）有关。

（1.0分）1.0 分A、李白B、贾岛C、李商隐D、白居易我的答案：B4《西方美术史学中的中国山水画》的作者是（）。

（1.0分）1.0 分A、方闻B、埃尔金斯C、薛永年D、高居翰我的答案：B5在写论文需要注释时，如果引用文章的署名作者超过（）个，才能用“等”字。

（1.0分）1.0 分2B、3C、4D、5我的答案：B6康德的三大批判包括（）。

（1.0分）1.0 分A、《纯粹理性批判》《实践理性批判》《判断力批判》B、《纯粹理性批判》《实践感性批判》《判断力批判》C、《纯粹感性批判》《实践理性批判》《判断力批判》D、《纯粹理性批判》《实践理性批判》《审美力批判》我的答案：A7一般而言，材料和案例应该是作为（）出现在论文中的。

（1.0分）1.0 分A、论点B、论据C、论证D、驳论我的答案：B8在世界范围当中，对知识产权保护涉及领域最广的产权法是（）。

（1.0分）1.0 分A、《世界知识产权组织版权条约》B、《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》C、《伯尔尼公约》D、《关贸总协定》我的答案：B9下列说法中错误的是（）。

（1.0分）1.0 分A、归纳与演绎、分析与综合都是理性的思考与方法B、日本人对阅读的自觉远高于中国人中国古人擅长图式思维D、中国早期文明中最成功的平面设计体现在《营造法式》中我的答案：D10城市的工艺具有重视（）的特点。

（1.0分）0.0 分A、技巧、权力B、感性、生活C、理性、文雅D、符号、异化我的答案：B11（）是人类最早的文化产物和信物。

学术论文写作考试题

学术论文写作考试题1.What is term paper?In the university grade stage. It is usually accomplished under the guidance of experience teachers to gain the final credit.2.Define the readability of thesis.The text is smoothly, simple, clear chart, well-organized order and brief conclusion. 3.What are the principles and methods of selecting a subject of study?Focused up-to-date under control4.How is the first-hand source distinguished from the second-hand source?F is original opinions S is the original view reviews and comments5.What are the 4 kinds of note in the subject selection?Summary Paraphrase Direct Quotation Comment6.What are the two main kinds of outline? In what subjects do they cater to respectively?Mixed outline: used in humanities and social sciencesNumerical outline: used in science7.Give reasons of submitting a research proposalFirst, you have a good topic.Second, you have the ability to complete the paper.Third, you have a feasible research plan.8.How many components are there in the research proposal? What are they? Title Introduction Literature review Method Result Discussion Preliminary bibliography9.What is the use of literature review?Understand the background.Familiar the problemsHave a ability of preminary assessment and comprehensive the literature.10.What is abstract?Abstract is a concise and comprehensive summary or conclusion.11.What are the main components of abstract?Objective or purpose Process and methods Results Conclusion12.What is the use of conclusion in the thesis?It emphasized the most important ideas or conclusion clearly in this paper.13.What parties is the acknowledgment usually addressed to?For the tutor and teachers who give suggestion, help and support.For the sponsorFor the company or person which provide the dataFor other friends14.Specify MLA formatIt is widely used in the field of literature, history and so on.Pay attention in the original of the Reference.15.Specify Chicago formatThe subject of general format, used for books, magazines and so on.Divided into the humanities style and the author data system.16.Define footnotes.Also called the note at the end of the page. Appeared in the bottom of every page. 17.Define end-notes.Also called Concentrated note or end-notes appear in the text.18.M：monographA: choose an article from the proceedings.J: academic journalD: academic dissertationR: research reportC: collected papersN: newspaper article19.Tell briefly about the distinctions between thesis and dissertation.Dissertation defined as a long essay that you do as part of a degree or other qualification. It refers to B.AThesis defined as a long piece of writing, based on your own ideas and research, that you do as part of a university degree. It refers to Ph.D.20.What are the general features of the thesis title?As much as possible use nouns, prep, general phrase and so on.The title can be used to express an Non-statement sentence.The first letter of the notional word in the title should be capital.Be cautious using abbreviations and try not to use punctuation marks.Remove unnecessary articles and extra descriptive words.21.What is the introduction of the research proposal concerned with?Research question Rationale Method FindingsDesign sample instruments22.How is abstract defined to American national standards institute?It is a concise summary of your work.Abstract should state the objectives of the project describethe methods used, summarize the significant findings and state the implications of the findings.23.How is thesis statement understood?It usually at the final part of the introduction in order that the readers could understood the central idea as quickly as possible. It is the point of view and attitude of the statement.1. Have a brief comment upon the study of ESPSpecial use English also called English for specific purpose. It includes tourism English, finance English, medical English, business English, engineering English, etc. In the 1960s, ESP is divided into scientific English, business English and social sciences, each branch can be divided into professional English and academic English.2. What is the research methods of literature?The external research : from society, history, age, environment and so on relationship to study.The internal research: from the works of rhyme, text, images, symbols and specific level to composed the text.3.Have a brief comment upon the study of interpretation.At present, people in the academia mainly focus on these topics, such as interpreting training, interpreting practices and so on. According to its mean of transfer, interpretation can be divided for simultaneous interpretation, consecutive interpretation, whispering interpretation; According to different occasions and interpretation, it can be divided into the meeting interpretation, contact interpretation, media interpretation,etc.4.What is the analytic method in the study of linguistics?In linguistics, analytic method means to make some analysis and decomposition on the various elements of a language according to different research purposes and requirements, andto separate them from the interconnected entirety respectively and extract general and special method.5.In what respects is phonetics studies in the current research?Study on the phonology remains to be further studied, such as Chinese language learning and English phonology, phonological number is still worth discussing. Comparative study of phonology is worth advocating. The combination of researching and teaching for phonetics is also a major focus of current research.6. What is the deductive in linguistics?Deduction is the method to deduce from the general to the special, namely from the general principles of known to conclusions about the individual objects. he deductive method is also known as the study of testing hypothesis.1.What is term paper?2.Define the readability of thesis.3.What are the principles and methods of selecting a subject of study?4.How is the first-hand source distinguished from the second-hand source?5.What are the 4 kinds of note in the subject selection?6.What are the two main kinds of outline? In what subjects do they cater to respectively?7.Give reasons of submitting a research proposal8.How many components are there in the research proposal? What are they?9.What is the use of literature review?10.What is abstract?11.What are the main components of abstract?12.What is the use of conclusion in the thesis?13.What parties is the acknowledgment usually addressed to?14.Specify MLA format15.Specify Chicago format16.Define footnotes.17.Define end-notes.18.Tell briefly about the distinctions between thesis and dissertation.19.What are the general features of the thesis title?20.What is the introduction of the research proposal concerned with?21.How is abstract defined to American national standards institute?22.How is thesis statement understood?。

英语学术论文写作期末考试A卷-(2)

4.1.2At the Syntactic Level
4.1.3 At the Textual Level
4.2.1 At the Lexical Level
4.2.2 At the Syntactic Level
4.2.3 At the Textual Level
5.Conclusion
得
分
4.2 Stylistic Equivalence in Business EnglishLettersTranslation
余美君.商务英语翻译.重庆：重庆大学出版社，2012.
朱蓝辉.奈达功能对等理论在应用文体翻译中的应用.长沙航空职业技术学院学
报.2010.
得理论在商务英语信函翻译中的应用
The Application of the Functional Equivalence Theory in the BusinessEnglishLetter Translation
二、本课题的研究现状（共40分）
得
分
近年来，随着经济全球化和中国改革开放的迅速发展，中国同世界各国之间的联系越来越密切，各国企业间的合作不断深入。在企业间的商务沟通中，商务信函作为不可或缺的交流工具，商务信息的有效交换取决于商务信函的准确翻译，因此商务英语信函翻译在国际经济交往中的重要性日益凸显。然而，国内的商务信函翻译理论研究相对匮乏，传统的翻译理论指导的商务英语信函翻译存在很大的局限性。国内大部分的研究者所遵循的是严复的“信、雅、达”的翻译理论。经过多年的翻译经验，这一理论更适合于文学作品的翻译而不适合商务文本的翻译。
Eugene A．Nida．Toward a Science of Translating．Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press，2004．

国家开放大学电大本科《中文学科论文写作》2024期末试题及答案（1332）

国家开放大学电大本科《中文学科论文写作》2024期末试题及答案（1332）国家开放大学电大本科《中文学科论文写作》2024期末试题及答案（试卷号：1332）一、填空题（每空1分，共10分）1.从总体上看，学术研究有两大类，一类是开创性研究，一类是发展性研究。

2.按资料的自身性质及其同研究对象的关系的不同，可以将其划分为两种类型，即原始资料和研究资料。

3.文艺学的研究范围主要集中在三个领域：文学理论、文学批评及文学史。

4.选择比较文学研究题目，要讲求问题或者说文学现象的可比性，而对文学现象的可比性，主要应从以下几个方面考虑：第一，亲缘关系；第二，类同关系；第三，交叉关系。

二、简要回答下列问题（10分）5.选题主要应当依循哪些原则？答：为做到选题得当，课题的弃取必须要有标准和根据。

选题的原则，就是衡量课题、决定弃取的标准和根据。

课题有意义，作者有见解，是写出高质量的论文的两个决定性因素。

选择课题，主要就应当考虑这两个方而的因素。

（一）要选择客观上有意义的课题（5分）课题有意义，是使论文有价值的一个前提。

就其直接意义而言，课题的客观意义包含两项内容：一是社会意义，二是学术意义。

就其本质而言，这两项内容又是统一的。

（1）要选择具有社会意义的课题选择具有社会意义的课题，主要是指选题要着眼于社会的需要，要以满足社会的需要为出发点。

从根本上说，国家建设的总目标、人类发展讷现实和未来需求，是各行各业作好各项工作的出发点，学术研究也必须围绕着这些内容进行，而不能与此相背离。

无论是解决重大的理论问题，还是解决某一方而的具体问题，也无论是直接还是间接，只要有利于国家建设的总目标的实现，能够服务于人类发展的需求，就是具有社会意义的研究。

在同总目标、总需求相一致的前提下，立足于现实，选择具有现实针对性的问题进行研究，能够最大限度地实现学术研究的社会价值。

当然，不同的学科有其不同的特点和规律，服务于社会的形式也是多种多样的。

《学术规范与论文写作》期末复习题

2012-2013第一学期《学术规范与论文写作》期末复习题一、名词解释1．学术规范(第4章第3页)例：学术共同体根据学术发展规律参与制定的有关各方共同遵守而有利于学术积累和创新的各种准则和要求，是整个学术共同体在长期学术活动中的经验总结和概括。

(第4章第3页) 2．学术不端行为(第1章第94页)在科学研究和学术活动中的各种造假、抄袭、剽窃和其他违背科学共同体惯例的行为。

(第1章第94页)3．学术腐败(第1章第122页)4．学术失范(第1章第109页)5．学术伦理(第1章第107页)6．引文引文包含两部分内容，一是指引用资料，即在一个著作中引用其他作品的片段内容或他人所发明的定义定理；二是指参考文献，是指为撰写或编辑论著而引用或参考的有关文献资料，通常附在论文、图书或章、节之后。

7．同行评议(第1章第189页)8．注释(第1章第243页)9．文责自负(第3章第20页)10．学术成果(第1章第73页)11．学术批评（第5章第3页）12．学术批评的构成要素（第5章第6页）二、填空题1. 在科学研究中，以 A 利用他人的著作，借用前人的学术成果，B ，推陈出新，创造出新的成果，称为引用。

(第1章第214页)2.直接引用必须：1）C 区分开来；2）通过夹注、脚注或尾注 D ，诸如：作者姓名、文章或者著作的标题、出版商、出版年月和页码；3）引用量E 。

(第1章第229页)3.间接引用往往注入F ，因此它也是一种知识创造活动。

G。

如果以这些方法重组别人的文句，就是H ，而不是间接引用。

（第1章第231页）4.若论著中采纳了他人的论述，吸收和利用了他人的研究成果，却I ，使人分不清哪些是他人的已有成果，哪些是作者自己新的学术创造，就属于J 参考文献。

（第1章第254页）5.综述的“综”要求K ；“述”就是要求L 。

（第1章第257页）6.在综述中引用文献不是照抄别人的表述方式，应该M 。

（第1章第267页）7. 综述中的引用文献要是原始文献，必须是N 。

论文写作期末试题及答案

论文写作期末试题及答案在进行论文写作之前，首先需要了解论文写作的基本要素和规范。

本文将根据题目要求，介绍论文写作期末试题，并给出相应的答案。

以下是试题及答案：一、试题：1. 请简要介绍论文的结构和组成部分。

2. 论文写作的目的是什么？如何确保论文的准确性和可信度？3. 论文中如何引用他人观点和文献？应该如何正确使用引用格式？4. 如何进行有效的论文大纲和写作计划的制定？5. 请列举并简要解释常见的论文写作错误或问题，并提出解决方法。

二、答案：1. 论文的结构和组成部分：论文通常由引言、正文和结论三个部分组成。

引言部分主要介绍研究背景、目的和意义，并提出研究问题和假设；正文部分包括材料和方法、结果和讨论，用于详细描述研究过程和结果；结论部分总结研究结果，提出对未来研究的建议。

2. 论文写作的目的和准确性保证：论文写作的目的是通过研究和分析，回答一个特定的研究问题，增加学术知识。

为确保论文的准确性和可信度，需要进行充分的文献综述和数据分析，确保使用可靠的研究方法和正确的数据处理方法。

此外，应该遵循学术道德规范，不抄袭他人作品，并确保引用他人观点和文献时，准确标注出处。

3. 引用他人观点和文献的方法和引用格式：在论文中引用他人观点和文献时，可以使用直接引用和间接引用两种方式。

直接引用需用引号标明，同时标注出处；间接引用则不需要引号，但同样要标注出处。

引用格式通常使用APA、MLA或Chicago等学术规范，根据具体要求进行正确的引用。

4. 论文大纲和写作计划的制定：进行论文写作前，制定有效的大纲和写作计划非常重要。

大纲可以帮助整理论文结构和逻辑，明确每个部分的内容和次序。

写作计划可以帮助分配时间，合理安排每个阶段的工作量。

大纲和写作计划应该根据研究的实际情况进行制定，并随时进行调整。

5. 常见论文写作错误及解决方法：常见的论文写作错误包括语法错误、拼写错误、逻辑混乱、数据处理方法错误等。

为解决这些问题，可以进行以下措施：仔细校对文稿，使用语法和拼写检查工具进行修改；在论文写作过程中，保持逻辑清晰和条理性，使用合适的转折词和段落落款；在数据分析中，使用正确的统计方法和数据处理工具。

学术论文写作考试题精选全文完整版

可编辑修改精选全文完整版学术论文写作考试题1.What is term paper?In the university grade stage. It is usually accomplished under the guidance of experience teachers to gain the final credit.2.Define the readability of thesis.The text is smoothly, simple, clear chart, well-organized order and brief conclusion. 3.What are the principles and methods of selecting a subject of study?Focused up-to-date under control4.How is the first-hand source distinguished from the second-hand source?F is original opinions S is the original view reviews and comments5.What are the 4 kinds of note in the subject selection?Summary Paraphrase Direct Quotation Comment6.What are the two main kinds of outline? In what subjects do they cater to respectively?Mixed outline: used in humanities and social sciencesNumerical outline: used in science7.Give reasons of submitting a research proposalFirst, you have a good topic.Second, you have the ability to complete the paper.Third, you have a feasible research plan.8.How many components are there in the research proposal? What are they? Title Introduction Literature review Method Result Discussion Preliminary bibliography9.What is the use of literature review?Understand the background.Familiar the problemsHave a ability of preminary assessment and comprehensive the literature.10.What is abstract?Abstract is a concise and comprehensive summary or conclusion.11.What are the main components of abstract?Objective or purpose Process and methods Results Conclusion12.What is the use of conclusion in the thesis?It emphasized the most important ideas or conclusion clearly in this paper.13.What parties is the acknowledgment usually addressed to?For the tutor and teachers who give suggestion, help and support.For the sponsorFor the company or person which provide the dataFor other friends14.Specify MLA formatIt is widely used in the field of literature, history and so on.Pay attention in the original of the Reference.15.Specify Chicago formatThe subject of general format, used for books, magazines and so on.Divided into the humanities style and the author data system.16.Define footnotes.Also called the note at the end of the page. Appeared in the bottom of every page. 17.Define end-notes.Also called Concentrated note or end-notes appear in thetext.18.M：monographA: choose an article from the proceedings.J: academic journalD: academic dissertationR: research reportC: collected papersN: newspaper article19.Tell briefly about the distinctions between thesis and dissertation.Dissertation defined as a long essay that you do as part of a degree or other qualification. It refers to B.AThesis defined as a long piece of writing, based on your own ideas and research, that you do as part of a university degree. It refers to Ph.D.20.What are the general features of the thesis title?As much as possible use nouns, prep, general phrase and so on.The title can be used to express an Non-statement sentence.The first letter of the notional word in the title should be capital.Be cautious using abbreviations and try not to use punctuation marks.Remove unnecessary articles and extra descriptive words.21.What is the introduction of the research proposal concerned with?Research question Rationale Method FindingsDesign sample instruments22.How is abstract defined to American national standards institute?It is a concise summary of your work.Abstract should state the objectives of the project describe the methods used, summarize the significant findings and state the implications of the findings.23.How is thesis statement understood?It usually at the final part of the introduction in order that the readers could understood the central idea as quickly as possible. It is the point of view and attitude of the statement.1. Have a brief comment upon the study of ESPSpecial use English also called English for specific purpose. It includes tourism English, finance English, medical English, business English, engineering English, etc. In the 1960s, ESP is divided into scientific English, business English and social sciences, each branch can be divided into professional English and academic English.2. What is the research methods of literature?The external research : from society, history, age, environment and so on relationship to study.The internal research: from the works of rhyme, text, images, symbols and specific level to composed the text.3.Have a brief comment upon the study of interpretation.At present, people in the academia mainly focus on these topics, such as interpreting training, interpreting practices and so on. According to its mean of transfer, interpretation can be divided for simultaneous interpretation, consecutive interpretation, whispering interpretation; According to different occasions and interpretation, it can be divided into the meeting interpretation, contact interpretation, media interpretation,etc.4.What is the analytic method in the study of linguistics?In linguistics, analytic method means to make some analysisand decomposition on the various elements of a language according to different research purposes and requirements, and to separate them from the interconnected entirety respectively and extract general and special method.5.In what respects is phonetics studies in the current research?Study on the phonology remains to be further studied, such as Chinese language learning and English phonology, phonological number is still worth discussing. Comparative study of phonology is worth advocating. The combination of researching and teaching for phonetics is also a major focus of current research.6. What is the deductive in linguistics?Deduction is the method to deduce from the general to the special, namely from the general principles of known to conclusions about the individual objects. he deductive method is also known as the study of testing hypothesis.1.What is term paper?2.Define the readability of thesis.3.What are the principles and methods of selecting a subject of study?4.How is the first-hand source distinguished from the second-hand source?5.What are the 4 kinds of note in the subject selection?6.What are the two main kinds of outline? In what subjects do they cater to respectively?7.Give reasons of submitting a research proposal8.How many components are there in the research proposal? What are they?9.What is the use of literature review?10.What is abstract?11.What are the main components of abstract?12.What is the use of conclusion in the thesis?13.What parties is the acknowledgment usually addressed to?14.Specify MLA format15.Specify Chicago format16.Define footnotes.17.Define end-notes.18.Tell briefly about the distinctions between thesis and dissertation.19.What are the general features of the thesis title?20.What is the introduction of the research proposal concerned with?21.How is abstract defined to American national standards institute?22.How is thesis statement understood?。

《学术论文写作》课程考试卷

F INAL EXAM PAPER FOR THE COURSE OF ACADEMIC PAPER WRITING1ST TERM, ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2010-2011COURSE NO.: 063W13A00Name: ___________________Student’s No.: ___________________ Examiner: Wang HongyangScore: ___________________NINGBO UNIVERSITYBA T HESIS P ROPOSAL (FOR E NGLISH M AJORS)Proposal Title: ___________________________________________________________ 1.Research Questions (General & Specific)1)Within this area, what would you like to investigate? Please include at least one possible researchquestion here; and2)What are your reasons for choosing this proposed research project? (These might be theoretical,professional or both.)Give a short summary on the research topic that you have identified - not more than one page. Focus on the new, current and relevant aspects of your topic. Remember, the most important aspect of a research proposal is clarity on the research topic.You should choose a topic which can be investigated through appropriate and valid methods and for which research material is available. Your greatest challenge might be narrowing the topic down. This challenge often occurs with topics that are still relatively unfamiliar. Do a lot of general reading, and, if possible, discuss your topic with your supervisor.2.Related WorksIt can also be titled as ‘Review of research literature’. Give a short and precise overview about the current state of research that is immediately connected with your own research project. Name the most important contributions of other academics.The proposal should contain a clear and logical discussion of the theoretical scope or of the framework of ideas that will be used to back the research. The proposal needs to show that you are fully conversant with the ideas you are dealing with and that you grasp their methodological implications.Your research review should indicate an open problem which then will be the motive for your project. State clearly how your own research will contribute to the existing research.3.Research Methodology/DesignYou should give detailed information about your intended research procedure during the given time. Anyone who reads your proposal will want to know1)the theoretical framework of your research,2)the scope of research subjects (e.g., students, linguistic features, pragmatic strategies, socialissues),3)the sources and quality of evidence you will consult (incl. cross-sectional or longitudinal,quantitative or qualitative, interpretative or empirical, methods of data collection), and4)the analytical technique you will employ (e.g., statistical, interpretive; )Note: This is the central part of your research outline. It may well fill half of the space of your proposal. Depending on the topic, suitable research strategies should be defined to ensure that enough and adequate empirical data will be gathered for a successful research project. You will describe the intended methods of data gathering, the controls you will introduce, the statistical methods to be used, the type of literature or documentary analysis to be followed and so on.4.Possible ChallengesIf possible, state your expected results and output of the study. That will help you clarify your research design. Consider possible challenges or difficulties you are likely to encounter at the present and/or future stage of your thesis writing. E.g., low accessibility to certain references or research data.5.Proposed Timelines with MilestonesGive information about your estimated time table (if possible in table form), indicating the sequence of research phases and the time that you will probably n eed fo r each phase. Take int o account that at this stage, it can only be estimated, but make clear that you have an idea about the time span that will be needed for each step.6.Key ReferencesHere you list those academic works which you have mentioned in your research outline as well as a number of other important works to which you will refer during your research.[1] hj hhh[2]。

[试题]学术论文期末考试练习题00

绪论一、毕业论文写作的目的第一，毕业论文写作，是对我们整个大学四年级学习的检验和总结。

第二，撰写毕业论文是培养我们的科学研究能力，使我们初步掌握进行科学研究的基本程序和方法。

第三撰写毕业论文的过程，同时也是专业知识的学习过程，而且是更生动、更切实、更深入的专业知识的学习一、学术论文的概念学术论文是学术性论著的简称，是对某—学科领域中的问题进行探讨、研究，表述科学研究成果的文章。

二、学术论文的分类学术论文是一个总概念，由于它的内容、结构、功用等不相同，因此，从不同的角度可以划分为不同类型的学术论文。

（一）根据研究领域、研究对象划分。

可分为社会科学论文和自然科学论文。

社会科学论文：如哲学、经济学、军事学、法学、文艺学、语言学、文学等学科都属于社会科学领域。

它的任务是研究并阐述各种社会现象及发展规律，是对前人研究成果的发展和创新。

自然科学论文：是指表达自然科学和技术科学研究成果的学术论文，习惯上称为理工科论文或科技论文，主要包括理、工、农、医、林等学科。

自然科学论文更注重科学性、实验性和应用性。

（二）根据研究对象和研究方法的不同划分。

1、理论型论文。

这是以理论阐发为主的论文。

其研究对象是广泛的自然现象或社会现象以及这些现象之间的联系。

研究方法主要采用推理、理论证明、综合考察等。

这类论文，有的提出某一概念或定义，有的论述某类事物的意义和影响，有的对原有理论做出补充和发展，有的推导出某个公式，等等。

写作时务必注意理论推导的严密性。

2、实验型论文。

这是对科学实验的观察记录和对其分析讨论的论文。

目的在于通过对实验结果的分析讨论，探讨客观事物的本质和规律。

写作时，要求把实验结果与理论分析结合起来，从而得出正确的有科学价值的结论。

3、描述型论文。

这是对某种事物或现象进行客观描述和说明的论文。

研究的主要方法是描述和比较。

写作时要抓住研究对象内在的本质特征进行描述和说明，从而确认研究对象的科学价值。

（三）按照写作功用划分。

慕课《如何写好科研论文》期末考试题及答案

慕课《如何写好科研论⽂》期末考试题及答案多选1. 论⽂写作前的积累包括哪些√ 实验细节√ Idea√ 专业知识√ 讲座2. 学术论⽂质量标准包括√ 形式标准√ 内容标准3. 和学术期刊打交道的最⼤好处是√ 编辑部聘请的审稿⼈的专业意见√ 编辑部提出的技术⽅⾯的建议4. 什么情况下，应果断放弃⼀些题⽬√ 已经有很多研究成果，⽽你不能在别⼈基础上提出新的看法√ 选题过难或过⼤，你啃不动√ 尽管问题很好，但⽆法找到⾜以⽀撑论⽂的相关材料5. ⼀般研究成果包括√ ⼀般论⽂√ 短⽂、段通讯√ 综述6. 什么情况下可以发表你的成果√ 研究有原创性√ 对既有研究有提升√ 对某领域有独特领悟的总结7. 编辑认为好的学术论⽂应具备的条件√ 学术功底√ 研究（写作）技巧8. 研究⽣阶段学习和科研（论⽂作业）结合的好处√ 节约时间√ 可以得到⽼师的真正指导√ 积累写作经验9. 什么叫精读了⼀篇论⽂√ ⾄少读5遍以上√ ⾃⼰完成所有推导√ 复现所有仿真10. 研究⽣读书计划应包括√ 专业读书计划√ 研究⽅向读书计划√ 学位论⽂读书计划11. 怎样写出⾼⽔平的学术⽂章√ 多读书√ 培养学术兴趣√ 选⼀位好⽼师做指导√ 学会拉论⽂框架12. 规范、严谨的英⽂写作包括√ 简洁的表达√ 语法√ 逻辑严谨√ 润⾊⽂章13. 利益冲突包括√ 财务关系冲突√ 职业冲突√ 机构冲突√ 个⼈信仰冲突14. 什么样的论⽂需要精读√ 经典√ 开创性√ 引⽤⾼15. 评价学术论⽂原创的标准有√ 提出了独⾃的理论系统√ 提出了独有的理论概念√ 提出了独特的理论观点√ 提出了独创的理论⽅法16. 在数字时代论⽂写作中变得更为重要的部分是√ 关键字√ 摘要17. 如何培养科研兴趣√ 本⾝就热爱√ 做成后产⽣18. 研究⽣阶段的学习更多注重√ 眼学√ ⼼学19. 学术不端⾏为包括√ 伪造数据√ 篡改数据√ 剽窃20. 找到值得研究的问题的⽅法包括√ 在课程学习过程中找√ 读书中发现问题√ 写综述√ 研究⽣论坛及学术会议征稿单选21. 选择导师的最重要标准是√ 适合22. 研究⽣阶段最重要的是√ 转变学习观念和学习⽅式23. 《读书的⽅法》的作者是√ 张五常24. ⾯对审稿⼈的质疑应该如何应对√ 婉转回复25. 《研究⽣学术⼊门⼿册》提到：给⼤学⽣√ 常识26. 《研究⽣学术⼊门⼿册》的作者是√ 葛兆光27. 如何选择⾃⼰的科研领域√ 兴趣28. 学术论⽂内容标准的核⼼是√ 创新29. 初写论⽂最为苦恼的⼀个问题是√ 找题⽬30. 每个⽉精读⼏篇⽂章已经算是很厉害了√ 2~3篇31. 研究⽣阶段科研能⼒训练的最有效⽅法√ 边学习，边科研（论⽂作业）32. 论⽂中⼤部分应使⽤什么语态√ 主动语态33. 当描述已知的事实和假设时，应使⽤什么时态√ 现在时34. 当描述进⾏过的实验及其结果时，应使⽤什么时态√ 过去时35. Elsevier的前⾝在何时成⽴√ 16世纪36. 论⽂中最应该避免的语⾔错误是√ 拼写错误37. 同⾏评议制度最早产⽣于√ 17世纪中叶判断38. 论⽂翻译后再出版在有些情况下是可以的是39. 可以将同⼀项研究分成⼏篇论⽂发表否40. 通讯作者必须是第⼀作者否41. 摘要在索引⼯具中可以免费获得是42. 对于意外的结果应该隐藏否43. ⽂章中对于副词的使⽤没有什么特别限制否44. 论⽂被拒后直接转投是可以接受的否45. 审稿⼈会有⼀定的收⼊作为报酬否46. 研究过程可以间断否47. 对于研究中不想表达的数据可以隐藏否48. isn’t won’t 这样的⽤词在⽂章中没问题的错误49. 科技论⽂中可以经常出现长难句，以体现⽂章表达的精准性否50. ⼀稿多投是可以的否。

《中文学科论文写作》2030-2031期末试题及答案

《中文学科论文写作》2030-2031期末试题及答案一、填空（每空1分，共10分）1．从总体上说，、和，是学术论文所应具备的基本特征。

2．检索工具是指各类以提供文献资料线索为主的检索性工具，人们常用的检索工具有、和等几种。

3．在研究者为解决问题而进行的创造性思维中，主要有两种思维在起作用，即和4．文艺学，作为一门体系庞大而周严的学科，它的研究范围主要集中在三个领域，即、和文学史。

二、简要回答下列问题（10分）5．为做到选题得当，课题的弃取必须要有标准和根据。

根据教材，简述选择课题的原则。

三、运用自己所学过的中文学科论文写作知识，评析教材中的例文《论人：艺术、情感与存在》30分）6．提示：(1)要注意运用所学论文写作知识，或者说要以所学知识为评析的依据和参照，而不能脱离所学知识泛泛而谈。

知识的运用可将着重点放在教材“上编”所讲述的论文写作的一般规律和技巧及该专业的论文写作知识上，同时也可以参考教材所讲述的其他专业的论文写作知识。

(2)要紧密结合文章实际谈论问题，而不能脱离文章空谈知识。

文章分析题是能力型问题，而不是知识型问题，更不是一般的知识问答题。

只有以所学知识对文章加以评价、分析，才能反映学习者对所学知识掌握的程度及运用所学知识分析问题的能力，也才合乎考核目标和答题标准。

(3)对论文的评析要全面，从题目的选择到观点的确立，从材料的使用到结构的安排，从段落的组织到语言的运用，对论文各个方面的情况均应有所涉及。

当然，在全面分析的基础上也应突出重点，就论文某一方面比较突出的特点进行比较深入的分析。

(4)分析要有条理，要能自圆其说；语言要顺畅。

(5)字数不得少于500字。

四、根据教材中的例文《论人：艺术、情感与存在》的正文内容，拟写一份写作提纲，并为其写出摘要和关键词。

（50分）7.写作提纲的编写要求：（30分）写作提纲应由标题和内容纲要两个部分组成。

(1)标题要符合确切、具体、醒目的要求。

原文如有标题，也可直接使用。

2016《学术基本要素：专业论文写作》期末考试

姓名：班级：北成绩：100分一、单选题（题数：60，共 60.0 分）1在文章中，（）的运用太过频繁会导致读者精神紧张，喘不过气。

1.0分我的答案：D2中国第一次授予博士学位（）人。

1.0分我的答案：D3一篇论文的成败关键在于（）。

1.0分我的答案：A4关于后现代史学，描述不正确的是（）。

1.0分我的答案：A5博士学位论文开题以后，必须保证（）以上的撰写时间。

1.0分我的答案：B6下列说法中错误的是（）。

1.0分我的答案：D7下列说法中错误的是（）。

1.0分我的答案：C8对一件美术品，必须记录的信息包括（）。

1.0分我的答案：D9对明代历史而言，《明史》是（）材料，明代档案是（）材料。

1.0分我的答案：C10“行而上者谓之道，行而下者谓之器”，“道”“行”“器”中，（）是基础。

1.0分我的答案：B11关于学术认可，描述错误的是（）。

1.0分我的答案：C12在日本，大学里艺术学部学生的研究课题，绝大部分是与（）有关。

1.0分我的答案：B13（）提出在学术上要破除数据、新奇、时代、学院这四种偶像。

1.0分我的答案：D14下列不属于硕士学位论文要求的是（）。

1.0分我的答案：C15在学位论文中，主要的研究方法不要低于（）个，不超过（）个。

1.0分我的答案：A16关于确定选题，描述不正确的是（）。

1.0分我的答案：B17下列关于康德三大批判的描述，不正确的是（）。

1.0分我的答案：C18对艺术的认知与把握，取决于（）。

1.0分我的答案：D19一般而言，学术会议要求每位学者发言的时间不超过（）。

1.0分我的答案：C20关于论文题目的要求，不包括（）。

1.0分我的答案：D21帕诺夫斯基擅长用（）的方法来进行艺术研究。

1.0分我的答案：C22在构思论文的四个层次中，第三个层次是（）。

1.0分我的答案：C23下列说法中错误的是（）。

1.0分我的答案：B24关于学术论文描述不正确的是（）。

1.0分我的答案：D25关于论文选题需要注意的事项，不包括（）。

聊城大学《学术论文写作》期末复习题及参考答案

5.论文摘要通常应该包括文章、研究的方法、、研究的背景起因等。
6.严格意义上的论文是指对选题、论证、查阅文献、方案设计、建立方法、实验操作、整理资料、归纳总结、撰写成文等全过程负责的人，应该是能解答论文的有关问题者。
7.是以最恰当、最简明的词语反映论文中最重要的特定内容的逻辑组合。
8.学术论文的三要素是、论据、。
13.论文摘要通常应该包括文章研究的话题、研究的方法、、研究的背景起因等。
14.句号的英文说法是full stop或者.
15.是以最恰当、最简明的词语反映论文中最重要的特定内容的逻辑组合。
16.学术论文的三要素是、论据、。
17.分析是指通过逻辑推理、哲学思辩、历史求证、法规判断等思维方式，着重从质的方面分析和研究某一事物的属性，主要用于研究传播的社会结构和功能、传播的社会控制、传播与社会发展的相互关系等。
日本与中国一样有着浓厚的考试文化情结。日本的高考分为全国性的大学考试和高校的独立考试。前者叫做STEP，与CEFR水平挂钩，STEP的二级相当于CEFR的B1（Masako&Yuichi2012）。学生通过STEP之后，很多名牌大学还将要求学生再参加一次各高校单独组织的考试。由于学生追逐名校成风，因此这些高校所出的五花八门的考试对日本高中英语教学产生了严重的负面影响（Butler&Iino2005）。日本高中英语采用分流的政策来解决人际差异的问题，高中英语分为选修课和必修课。必修课只有5个学分，要求很低。但选修课达21学分（日本文部科学省2008），与中国的高中英语教育目标要求相当。
日本的课堂教学受“生本化”（即教师视学生的能力确定教学目标，以学生的需求和情感态度为中心）思想的影响非常大，不主张“强行干预”学生的学习过程，承认学生在能力､性情､智力和兴趣等方面的差异（Tobinetal.1989）。日本英语课堂重视语法和翻译､阅读和写作，轻视听说训练，因而学生的听说能力薄弱。日本的教师迁就学生的语音，造成日本学生普遍的“英语语音本地化的倾向”（受访者）。

学术论文写作考试题

学术论文写作考试题1.What is term paper?In the university grade stage. It is usually accomplished under the guidance of experience teachers to gain the final credit.2.Define the readability of thesis.The text is smoothly, simple, clear chart, well-organized order and brief conclusion. 3.What are the principles and methods of selecting a subject of study?Focused up-to-date under control4.How is the first-hand source distinguished from the second-hand source?F is original opinions S is the original view reviews and comments5.What are the 4 kinds of note in the subject selection?Summary Paraphrase Direct Quotation Comment6.What are the two main kinds of outline? In what subjects do they cater to respectively?Mixed outline: used in humanities and social sciencesNumerical outline: used in science7.Give reasons of submitting a research proposalFirst, you have a good topic.Second, you have the ability to complete the paper.Third, you have a feasible research plan.8.How many components are there in the research proposal? What are they? Title Introduction Literature review Method Result Discussion Preliminary bibliography9.What is the use of literature review?Understand the background.Familiar the problemsHave a ability of preminary assessment and comprehensive the literature.10.What is abstract?Abstract is a concise and comprehensive summary or conclusion.11.What are the main components of abstract?Objective or purpose Process and methods Results Conclusion12.What is the use of conclusion in the thesis?It emphasized the most important ideas or conclusion clearly in this paper.13.What parties is the acknowledgment usually addressed to?For the tutor and teachers who give suggestion, help and support.For the sponsorFor the company or person which provide the dataFor other friends14.Specify MLA formatIt is widely used in the field of literature, history and so on.Pay attention in the original of the Reference.15.Specify Chicago formatThe subject of general format, used for books, magazines and so on.Divided into the humanities style and the author data system.16.Define footnotes.Also called the note at the end of the page. Appeared in the bottom of every page. 17.Define end-notes.Also called Concentrated note or end-notes appear in the text.18.M：monographA: choose an article from the proceedings.J: academic journalD: academic dissertationR: research reportC: collected papersN: newspaper article19.Tell briefly about the distinctions between thesis and dissertation.Dissertation defined as a long essay that you do as part of a degree or other qualification. It refers to B.AThesis defined as a long piece of writing, based on your own ideas and research, that you do as part of a university degree. It refers to Ph.D.20.What are the general features of the thesis title?As much as possible use nouns, prep, general phrase and so on.The title can be used to express an Non-statement sentence.The first letter of the notional word in the title should be capital.Be cautious using abbreviations and try not to use punctuation marks.Remove unnecessary articles and extra descriptive words.21.What is the introduction of the research proposal concerned with?Research question Rationale Method FindingsDesign sample instruments22.How is abstract defined to American national standards institute?It is a concise summary of your work.Abstract should state the objectives of the project describethe methods used, summarize the significant findings and state the implications of the findings.23.How is thesis statement understood?It usually at the final part of the introduction in order that the readers could understood the central idea as quickly as possible. It is the point of view and attitude of the statement.1. Have a brief comment upon the study of ESPSpecial use English also called English for specific purpose. It includes tourism English, finance English, medical English, business English, engineering English, etc. In the 1960s, ESP is divided into scientific English, business English and social sciences, each branch can be divided into professional English and academic English.2. What is the research methods of literature?The external research : from society, history, age, environment and so on relationship to study.The internal research: from the works of rhyme, text, images, symbols and specific level to composed the text.3.Have a brief comment upon the study of interpretation.At present, people in the academia mainly focus on these topics, such as interpreting training, interpreting practices and so on. According to its mean of transfer, interpretation can be divided for simultaneous interpretation, consecutive interpretation, whispering interpretation; According to different occasions and interpretation, it can be divided into the meeting interpretation, contact interpretation, media interpretation,etc.4.What is the analytic method in the study of linguistics?In linguistics, analytic method means to make some analysis and decomposition on the various elements of a language according to different research purposes and requirements, andto separate them from the interconnected entirety respectively and extract general and special method.5.In what respects is phonetics studies in the current research?Study on the phonology remains to be further studied, such as Chinese language learning and English phonology, phonological number is still worth discussing. Comparative study of phonology is worth advocating. The combination of researching and teaching for phonetics is also a major focus of current research.6. What is the deductive in linguistics?Deduction is the method to deduce from the general to the special, namely from the general principles of known to conclusions about the individual objects. he deductive method is also known as the study of testing hypothesis.1.What is term paper?2.Define the readability of thesis.3.What are the principles and methods of selecting a subject of study?4.How is the first-hand source distinguished from the second-hand source?5.What are the 4 kinds of note in the subject selection?6.What are the two main kinds of outline? In what subjects do they cater to respectively?7.Give reasons of submitting a research proposal8.How many components are there in the research proposal? What are they?9.What is the use of literature review?10.What is abstract?11.What are the main components of abstract?12.What is the use of conclusion in the thesis?13.What parties is the acknowledgment usually addressed to?14.Specify MLA format15.Specify Chicago format16.Define footnotes.17.Define end-notes.18.Tell briefly about the distinctions between thesis and dissertation.19.What are the general features of the thesis title?20.What is the introduction of the research proposal concerned with?21.How is abstract defined to American national standards institute?22.How is thesis statement understood?。