中考英语动词不定式考点
第十二章动词不定式(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳
第十二章动词不定式思维导图知识梳理一、不定式概述动词不定式的基本形式是:“t o+动词原形”,有时可以不带to.不带to的不定式与动词原形同形,但它不是原形,而是一种语法形式.除基本助动词do和情态动词外,英语动词都有不定式形式.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分－主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语.动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语.不定式有时态、语态变化(以do为例):动词不定式的句法作用(一)作主语用作主语的动词不定式通常表示一种具体的、特定的行为,其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式.To obey the laws is everyone's duty.服从法律是每个人的职责.How to use the computer is a question.怎么使用计算机是一个问题.How to get there is not decided yet.怎样去那里还没决定下来.点拨(1)在很多情况下,常用it作形式主语,而把真实主语不定式放在谓语之后.It was difficult to sell my car.我的车很难卖掉.It's not known where to stay for the night.在哪里过夜还不知道.(2)如果要表示不定式的动作是谁做的,一般在不定式前加一个for短语.It will be a regret for us not to help him.我们没有帮助他是个遗憾.(3)在某些形容词(如kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等)作表语时,不定式前常可加一个以of引起的短语,来说明不定式指的是谁的情况.It would be rude of us to refuse their invitation.(我们)拒绝他们的邀请,会显得无礼.(二)作表语作表语,一般紧跟在系动词,如:be, seem, get等后面,用以说明主语.The question is when to start.问题是什么时候启程.You seem to have lost weight.你好像减肥了.What we have to do first is to find a solution.我们得做的第一件事是找出一个解决办法.点拨当不定式所作的表语仅用来说明主语的内容时,这个不定式只作单纯的表语,而不具有未来的含义.(三)作宾语能以不定式作宾语的动词很多,常见的有:agree, begin, decide, expect, forget, hope, learn, like, manage, pretend, start, try, want, wish等.Do you wish to see the manager?你想见经理吗?They decided to learn English hard.他们决定好好学英语.Don't forget to meet me at 6:00.别忘了六点钟和我见面.有些动词,如:tell, advise, show, teach, know, forget, learn , remember, show,understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, decide, discuss等后面,常用带疑问词的不定式作宾语.We don't know who(whom)to ask.我们不知道问谁.We asked how to get to the station.我们问怎么到达车站.Have you decided where to go for your holidays?你们决定到哪儿度假了吗?I don't know whether to apply for the job or not?那份工作我不知道申请还是不申请?(四)作定语I have no time to waste.我没有时间可浪费.Let me find a place to park.我来找个停车的地方.He is always the first to come to work and the last to leave.他总是第一个来上班,最后一个走.点拨不定式修饰something, anything, nothing时,放在它们的后面.如果something, anything, nothing 有形容词来修饰,词序是something(nothing...)+形容词＋不定式.My father had something to do.我父亲有事要办.Have you got anything important to buy?你有什么重要的东西要买吗?(五)作状语不定式常可用作状语,修饰动词,表示行为的目的、结果、原因等.一般放在被修饰词之后,但在表示目的时,为了强调也可放在句首.1.作目的状语为加强语气在否定式前还可加上in order或so as组成词组(即:in order to...,so as to...),作状语表示目的.To live a long and healthy life, we must learn to have a balanced diet.为了能过长寿而健康的生活,我们必须懂得吃均衡的食品.I stayed there so as to see what would happen.我留在那儿,为的是想看看会发生什么事.In order to help him, we would do everything we can.为了帮助他,我们愿意尽一切力量.2.作结果状语表结果,其逻辑主语通常亦是全句的主语.在“so...as to...”“such...as to..“enough to...”“only to...”以及“too...to...”等结构中的不定式皆表示结果.She is old enough to go to school.她已到了可以上学的年龄了.He was too drunk to drive home.他酩酊大醉,没法开车回家.3.作原因状语She trembled to think of the terrible accident.想到那可怕的车祸,她就不寒而栗.We jumped with joy to hear the news.听到这消息,我们都高兴地跳了起来.(六)宾语补足语1、有很多动词的后面都可以有不定式作宾语补足语常见的这类动词有:advise, ask, tell, help, wish, want, expect, forbid, persuade, press, request, teach, warn等.She asked her grandfather to play game with her.她请爷爷跟她一起做游戏.Mother told me to cook the meal.妈妈叫我做饭.2.有一些动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to,这种动词有两类:一类是感觉动词,另一类是使役动词感觉动词:如feel, see, hear, watch, notice等.使役动词:如make, let, have等.Let me do it for you.让我来替你做.Don't let her go out.别让她出去.I made him work hard.我迫使他加劲干.(1)动词help之后,复合宾语中的不定式可带to,亦可不带to.在上述动词转换为被动结构时,其后的不定式必须带to.He was seen to enter the theatre.有人看见他走进了剧院.I was made to do my homework the whole night.我被迫整晚做作业.Can you help me (to) move this table?你能帮我移动一下这张桌子吗?(2)感官动词的宾语补足语有两种形式:不带to的不定式和动词-ing形式.I heard Meimei singing in her room when I went past.我路过的时候听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(路过的瞬间正在唱,所以用singing)We often hear Meimei sing in her room.我们经常听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(经常听见,用不定式)I saw him come in.I saw him coming in.两句话的意思都一样:我看见他进来.用不定式着重于动作的全过程,用动词-ing形式则是强调当时动作的进行情况.3.当谓语动词为think, make, find, consider, feel, regard等词,作宾语的不定式后面有宾语补足语时,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在补足语的后面I find it easy to learn English well.我发现要把英语学好很容易.三、不定式的主要句型及注意事项(一)不定式的否定式不定式的否定式:not+不定式,经常和ask(tell)sb. to do sth.句型连用.She asked me not to drive him to the station.她要我不要开车送他到车站.Try not to be late.争取不要迟到.Mary asked me not to give my pen to Jimmy.玛丽让我别把笔给吉米.She decided not to come here again.她决定不再到这儿来.点拨不定式的否定式和否定句的区别:I asked him not to open the door.我让他别把门打开.I didn't ask him to open the door.我没让他把门打开.(二)不定式的进行时态进行式:表示在谓语动词所表示的动作或状态发生时正在进行.It's nice to be sitting here with you.在这儿陪你坐着是非常愉快的.It is unwise for him to be talking that topic all the time.他老是谈论这件事,很不明智.(三)不定式的完成时态完成式表示在谓语动词的动作或状态发生时已经完成.She said she was sorry to have missed you.她说她没见到你很遗憾.He seemed to have visited our factory.他好像参观过我们的工厂.They appeared to have met before.他们看来以前见过面.(四)动词不定式的被动语态表示被动意义I didn't want to be told about it.我不想被告知这件事.Nothing seems to have been forgotten.似乎什么也没有被遗忘.The building is said to have been destroyed in a fire two years ago.据说这幢大楼两年前已毁于一场大火.在以某些形容词,如kind, good, silly, honest, bad, stupid, bold, clever, cruel,courteous, nice, rude, sensible, tactful, wise, wrong等作表语时,后面需用以“of+名词(或代词宾格)＋不定式”结构,以说明不定式所表示的动作的执行者是谁(即of短语是不定式的逻辑主语).It's very good of you to come.谢谢你的光临.How silly of you (it is)to make such a mistake!你出了这样的差错,多傻啊！It's very kind of you to say so.多谢你这么说.在had better, had best, would rather, would rather...than, would sooner, would sooner...than, cannot but, do nothing but等结构后面的不定式要省略“to”.You had better write it in English.你最好用英文写.I would rather stay at home.我宁愿待在家里.好题精练一、用-ing形式或不定式的适当形式完成句子1.Do you enjoy_________ football?(play)2.Fred didn't have any money, so he decided_________ a job.(take)3.We're going out for dinner, Would you like_________ us?(join)4.The teacher reminded the students_________ their test paper on time.(finish)5.When I was tired, I enjoyed_________ TV.(watch)6.It was a nice day, so the old man agreed_________ for a walk.(go)7.I'm not in a hurry, I don't mind_________.(wait)答案:1.playing2.to take3.to join4.to finish5.watching6.to go7.waiting二、选择括号内所给词组完成句子,注意括号内“go+v.-ing形式”构成固定搭配的用法(go boating; go fishing; go dancing; go running; go skating; go hunting; go singing)1.She's a good dancer. She always_________ on Saturday.2.I've got a gun. I'll_________ with that strong hunter next weekend.3.“Where is Tim?”“He has. _________ He always runs in the morning.”4.We have enough fish to eat. Our father_________ every day.答案:1.goes dancing2.go hunting3.gone running4.goes fishing三、仿照示例改写下列句子示例:It is very interesting to play baseball.→ To play baseball is very interesting.1.lt was not polite to speak that way before Mr. Lee.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.It can be quite easy to travel by air.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.lt will be no problem to arrive there before noon.____________________________________________________________________________________________4.To make those strangers believe us was so difficult.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.To help Tom speak Chinese well is not at all easy.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案:1.To speak that way before Mr. Lee was not polite.2.To travel by air can be quite easy.3.To arrive there before noon will be no problem.4.It was so difficult to make those strangers believe us.5.It is not at all easy to help Tom (to) speak Chinese well.四、选择填空1. _________ the bookstore, he stopped_________ a few books.A. Passing; buyingB. Passing; to buyC. To pass; buyingD. Having passed; to buy2.Bruce,look at your dirty shoes, You'd better_________ them right now.A. washedB. washingC. washD. to wash3. _________ the room, I found the computer_________.A. Entering; stealingB. Entering; stolenC. To enter; stealD. To enter; stealing4.We've worked hard for nearly one hour. Let's stop_________ a rest now.A. haveB. to haveC. havingD. have had5.My mother always tells me not_________ to the net bars(网吧)．A. goB. to goC. goesD. going6.The teacher asked us_________ English for half an hour in the morning.A. reads B reading C. to read D. read7.You will have to get up early tomorrow. Stop_________ TV, Peter.A. watchesB. watchC. to watchD. watching8.I find it hard_________ English well.A. learnB. learningC. to learnD. learns9.The teacher asked John_________ a short talk in our class meeting.A. giveB. to giveC. gaveD. giving10.The girl was too poor_________ a houseA. to buy; to live inB. to buy ;to liveC. buy; to liveD. buying; living in11.It was very late at night, but Mr. Brown still went on_________.A. works B .worked C. working D. work12.Remember_________ him about it before he goes away.A. tellB. to tellC. tellingD. to telling13.Lin Tao is strong enough_________ the big box.A. carryB. to carryC. carryingD. carries14.Her mother told her_________ in bed.A. not readB. not to readC. don't readD. to not read15.When class began, we stopped_________ to the teacher carefully.A. listeningB. listenC. listens D .to listen16.You'd better_________ the cinema by bus.A. don't goB. to goC. to go toD. go to17.What did the manager_________ you to_________ at the meeting?A. tell; sayB. ask; speakC. tell; speakD. ask; talk18.Tom was let_________ in the gate house.A. waitB. to waitC. waitingD. to have waited19.Mr.Hu has enough time_________ the job in two days.A. finishB. to finishC. finishingD. finished20.Look,the building_________ is our library.A. is repairedB. being repairedC. repairingD. to be repairing21. _________ no money, I could not buy this coat.A. HaveB. HavingC. To haveD. Have had22.The teacher has something important_________ us.A. to tellB. tellsC. tellingD. told23.Li Ming didn't know_________ next.A. to do whatB. what to doC. how to doD. what do24.I'd love_________ to your birthday party.A. comeB. cameC. to comeD. comes25.It took me two hours_________ by bus.A. to get thereB. to get to thereC. get thereD. get to there答案:1-5BCBBB 6-10CDCBA11-15CBBBD 16-20DABBB21-25 BABCA五、改正下列句子的错误1.He seems to not hear from her.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.I hope see you soon.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.I made them to give the money back.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.The scientist gave us some advice on how learning English.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.No one noticed him to leave the room.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.Have you given up to smoke?____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.We found him waited at the school gate.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.Why not to turn off the light?____________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.She didn't want me go.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.I don't know to swim.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.China is a developed country belonging to the third world.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.It's getting dark. We have to find a hotel to live.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.He said he had an important meeting to attended.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.They don't allow that people smoke.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.It's difficult sell my car.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案:1.He seems not to...2.I hope to see...3.I made them give...4....how to learn...5....him leave...6....given up smoking?7...him waiting...8.Why not turn off...9.She didn't want me to go.10.I don't know how to swim.11....a developing...12....to live in13....to attend.14. ...people to smoke.15...to sell my car.。
中考英语语法动词不定式的十大考点
No.1动词不定式作主语1.It's our duty _________ the room every day.A.to cleanB.cleanedC.cleanD.cleans(甘肃省)2.It's hard for us _________ English well.A.learnB.learnsC.to learnD.learning(江西省)3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。
It will _________ the workers over a year __________________ the flyover.(北京市海淀区)4.It's very nice _________ you to get me two tickets_________ the World Cup.(安徽省)A.for，ofB.of，forC.to，forD.of，toKeys：1.A 2.C 3.take，to，build 4.B【解析】动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。
常见的句式有：(1)It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth.(2)It is +名词(for sb)to do sth.(3)It takes sb some time to do sth.(4)It is +形容词(for sb)to do sth.句式(1)中常用nice,kind,clever,good,right,wrong,foolish,careless等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质；句式(4)中常用hard,difficult,easy,important等形容词，与介词for搭配，表示不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。
No.2动词不定式作宾语1.He wants ______ some vegetables.A.buyB.buyingC.to buyD.buys (山西省)2.Don't forget ______ your homework with you when you come to school.A.to bringB.bringingC.to takeD.taking (福建省)3.He found it very difficult ______.A.sleepingB.sleepsC.sleptD.to fall asleep (湖南省) Keys：1.C 2.A 3.D【解析】want,like,agree,hope,wish,learn,begin,start,seem,decide,ha te,choose,forget,remember等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾语。
中考英语语法精讲精练--非谓语动词
非谓语动词
如： I'm glad_to_meet you. (to meet作glad的宾语)见到你很高兴。 ③不定式和疑问词连用作宾语。 如：when to do(什么时候做)；how to do(怎样做)； what to do(做什么)；why to do(为什么做)； where to do(在哪儿做)；which to do(做哪一个)等。
succeed in(成功)
stop…from(阻止……做)
keep…from(阻止)
prevent…from(阻止……做)
depend on(依靠)
spend…in(在……花费)
be interested in(对……感兴趣)
be proud of(以……为骄傲/自豪)
非谓语动词 (非谓语动词)
To_learn_maths is very important. ＝It is very important to learn maths.学数学很重要。 3．省略to的不定式 使役动词和感官动词，后带宾语，再接不定式作宾 补时，主动语态时不定式要省略to，被动语态时要补 上to。
非谓语动词
常考的有： make sb.do sth.使某人做某事 let sb.do sth.让某人做某事 have sb.do sth.使某人做某事 watch sb.do (doing) sth.注视某人(正在)做某事 notice sb.do (doing) sth.注意某人(正在)做某事
【中考英语总复习 精讲精练】11 非谓语动词(解析版)
非谓语动词一、考点梳理考点一动词不定式动词不定式是动词的一种非限定形式，有带to 和省略to 两种形式，可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语等成分。
1. 作主语To travel around China is my dream.环游中国是我的梦想。
注意：不定式作主语，整个结构看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式，但通常用it 作形式主语，而把不定式放于句末，来保持句子的平衡，常见的句式有：(1) It takes sb. some time to do sth.It took me twenty minutes to finish my English homework.完成我的英语家庭作业花费了我20分钟的时间。
(2) It’s + adj./n. + to do sth.It’s interesting to read the English books.读英语书是有趣的。
(3) It’s + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 其中形容词是用来修饰动词不定式的。
It’s hard for me to learn English well.学好英语对我来说是困难的。
(4) It’s + adj. + of sb. + to do sth. 其中形容词是用来修饰人的。
It’s very kind of you to help me.你能帮助我真是太好了。
2. 作表语动词不定式作表语时，主要表示愿望、责任、义务等，一般可转化为动词不定式作主语。
His wish is to be a teacher.他的愿望就是当一名老师。
To be a policeman is his wish.当一名警察是他的愿望。
3. 作宾语decide, hope, plan, want, learn, seem, choose, fail 等后只能跟动词不定式作宾语。
I want to see a doctor about that cough.我想找医生治咳嗽。
中考英语动词不定式知识归纳总结-最新
中考英语动词不定式知识归纳总结·最新一、定义①动词不定式结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词；②动词不定式没有人称和数的变化；③在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语。
二、功能1. 作主语（1）e.g.To be a doctor is hard.To learn English well is not easy.如果要想引出动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加介词for/of引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。
例：e.g. It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning.It is kind of you to help us so much.（2）动词不定式作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式放在句子的后部。
e.g. It is hard to be a doctor.It is not easy to learn English well.It’s important to plant trees in spring.2. 作表语e.g. His work is to drive a car.My job is to feed animals.Her ambition is to be a doctor.To see is to believe.Seeing is believing.What we had to do is find another person to help us.（前有do后省to）3. 作宾语⑴只能接不定式做宾语的动词：plan, offer, afford, seem, appear, care, volunteer, arrange, dream, trouble, expect, happen, beg; try/do one's best, go all out, give sb. a hand, have no choice but, make up one's mind巧记：三个希望（hope、wish、long）两答应(agree、promise)，两个要求（ask、want）莫拒绝（refuse），设法（manage）学会（learn）做决定（decide/determine），不要（fail）假装（pretend）在选择（choose）。
中考动词不定式记忆口诀
中考动词不定式记忆口诀篇一：后接动词不定式作宾语的动词口诀记忆一览表后接动词不定式作宾语的动词口诀记忆一览表篇二：英语动词不定式口诀及解析动词的不定式：①不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。
②没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。
③主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。
④not 加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。
⑤疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。
⑥仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。
解析：①“to+动词原形”是它的基本构成形式，即不定式的标记。
②它没有人称和数的变化，不管主语是任何人称，单数还是复数，动词不定式都没有变化。
但它仍保留动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语。
③它具有名词、形容词和副词三大特点，所以，它在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语和宾补。
④“not +动词不定式”是它的否定形式，不要受其他否定式的影响，要记住规律。
⑤疑问代词what, who, whom, which和疑问副词where, when, why , how加上不定式在句中可以做主语，宾语、表语、状语。
⑥通过以上分析，只要仔细研究，把不定式的功能用法搞清楚，在应用时就能作出准确的判断。
动词不定式结构及用法动词不定式在中学英语中应用非常广泛，一方面在句中可起名词、形容词或副词的作用，同时也可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。
动词不定式的形式一般是to +动词原形，但to有时要省去。
而动词不定式在具体运用时用不用to，取决于谓语动词的用法。
现就以下几方面介绍如下。
一、不定式结构1. 带to的不定式结构能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有：want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop, go, e等。
如：I want to go to the movies with you.我想跟你一起去看电影。
Don’t forget to turn off thelight before you leave.在你离开之前别忘了关灯。
滨州市中考英语语法专项复习语法十动词不定式语法考点剖析
动词不定式语法考点剖析考点一动词不定式动词不定式的基本形式是“to＋动词原形”，否定形式是在动词不定式前加not。
动词不定式具有动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，但没有人称与数的变化，在句中也不能作谓语，动词不定式及其宾语和状语构成动词不定式短语。
1．作主语动词不定式作主语时，可以用动名词替换且常用it作形式主语，把动词不定式后置，常构成“It＋be＋adj.(＋for sb.)＋动词不定式”。
It's important (for us) to protect the environment.(对我们来说)保护环境很重要。
2．作表语My job is to teach English.我的工作是教英语。
3．作宾语或宾语补足语(1)接to do作宾语的动词或短语有want, begin/start, love, forget, remember, teach, decide, agree, seem, would like, plan等。
(2)接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有ask, tell, invite, allow, want, wish, encourage等。
(3)在使役动词make, let, have和感官系动词 feel, look, smell等的后面作宾语补足语时，不定式符号to要省略。
help后的不定式可带to也可不带to。
4．作定语I have a lot of homework to do.我有许多家庭作业要做。
★动词不定式与所修饰的名词之间是动宾关系，如果动词不定式是不及物动词，其后要有相关的介词。
The cat is easy to take care of.这只猫很容易照顾。
5．作状语Mrs. Wang went to Shanghai to see her daughter.王太太去上海看她女儿。
(目的)We're glad to meet you here.我们很高兴在这儿见到你。
八年级英语动词不定式复习
动词不定式复习语法复习：动词不定式动词不定式（to do)是初中英语课的一个重点,也是中考要考查的一个项目.动词不定式属于非谓语动词的一种形式，很多同学经常把它和谓语动词混在一起，掌握起来有困难。
下面我们对动词不定式的用法做简单归纳，帮助同学们记忆:一、动词不定式在句子中不能充当谓语,没有人称和数的变化。
二、动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成(有时可以不带to）.动词不定式的否定形式是“not+动词不定式"(not不与助动词连用）.三、动词不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词等的功能,可在句中用做多种句子成分。
1、主语:常置于句末,而用it代替其做形式主语。
To go in for sports helps you stay fit.It is dangerous to swim in the deep sea on your own.注：此句式中不定式逻辑上的主语可由for或of引出，逻辑主语由of引出时,表语的形容词为kind，nice, good, polite, clever, foolish，right, wrong等表示评价的形容词.例：It’s right of him to refuse the invitation。
(him为逻辑主语)2、表语：Our duty is to protect the environment。
3、动词宾语:此种情况可按固定搭配或句式去记。
例：Would you like to see my photos？Kevin planned to visit his uncle。
和plan用法一样的词还有：start, want，agree，hope, begin，decide等。
I found it very difficult to get a job。
（it为形式宾语)4、宾语补足语：(1) 在多数复合宾语及物动词后要带to。
例：I asked a friend to read it to me. (book4，L2)（2）在表示感觉、致使等意义的动词(see，watch, hear, feel，notice, observe，make，let，have, help等) 后不带to。
中考英语语法专题 非谓语动词
第2部分 语法突破
返回目录
感官动词后跟动词原形和动词-ing的区别 以see为例： see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事(看见动作正在进行) see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事(看见全部过程) ①I saw a monkey cross the street. 我看见一只猴子穿越马路。(表示 看到“穿越马路”这一全过程) ②I saw a monkey crossing the street. 我看见一只猴子正在穿越马 路。(表示看到“正在穿越马路”这一正在进行的动作)
3．(2021武汉改编)The idiom(成语) “Mengzi’s mother makes three moves” tells of a mother who did all she could ___t_o_p_r_o_v_i_d_e__(provide) the best environment for her child.
保持(keep) 期待(look forward to) 完成(finish) 花费(spend) 练习(practice) 介意(mind) 开心(have fun)
返回目录
第2部分 语法突破
【易错提醒】动名词与动词不定式作宾语的区别
stop doing sth.停止做某事
stop to do sth.
第2部分 语法突破
返回目录
4．(2021盐城改编)No one is perfect. The key is __t_o__tr_y___(try) your best and never stop.
中考英语动词不定式及其用法讲解+练习
中考英语动词不定式及其用法讲解+练习1.动词不定式的基本概念：动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时可以不带to。
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能做谓语，但可以有自己的宾语和状语。
动词不定式跟它的宾语和状语构成了不定式短语，例如：to read the book, to speak at the meeting等。
2.动词不定式的用法：动词不定式具有名词，形容词和副词的特性，因此可在句中作主语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，状语和定语。
句子用法：作主语：eg:1)To take part in sports is important.2)To see is to believe.动词不定式做主语时常常由it来代替它，做形式主语，而动词不定式放在句末。
eg: It’s great to see you again.It is important to learn English well.It was rewarding to take part in this exchange programmeIt will take us a month to go on study trip to New York.It is necessary for governments to control the population growth.做表语：eg：The best way is to pratice.My dream is either to be a diplomat or to be a teacher of English .A popular use of the computer is to send a e-mail.Her wish is to become a famous star.The best way is to read the play before you see it.做宾语：eg: We are talking about how to solve the problem.I think it not difficult to keep reading English every morning.做宾补：eg: We all expect him to win the contest.Our teacher told us to listen carefully in class.注意：感官动词，或使役动词+宾语+无to的不定式Is Jack in the library ?Maybe I saw him go out with some books just now.Let those in need understand that we will go all out to help them.做定语：Liu Yang is the Chinese woman astronaut to enter the space.You are the last one to win the price.In the future , human will have less work to do.Why don’t you go out to play Rose?I’m afraid I can’t . I have a lot of homework to do.做状语：动词不定式做状语可以修饰动词，一般在句中做原因，目的和结果状语，动词不定式做状语可单独放在句首，句中或句末。
中考英语语法动词不定式知识点
中考英语语法动词不定式知识点以下是中考英语语法中常见的动词不定式知识点：1.动词不定式的结构：- to + 动词原形：例如 to eat, to sleep。
- 动词原形：用于口语中，或在一些情况下省略 to，例如 Let me go。
2.动词不定式作主语：- It + be + 形容词 + to do：例如 It is important to study hard.- To do 表达强调：例如 To meet her is my dream.3.动词不定式作宾语：- 动词 + to do：例如 I want to play basketball.- 动词 + 不定式，如希望 hope, plan, decide, promise等：例如 I hope to see you again.4.动词不定式作补语：- 动词 + 名词/形容词 + to do：例如 She is happy to help her friend.- 动词 + 不定式，如 want, wish, like, love, hate, prefer等：例如 I want you to clean your room.5.情态动词后接动词不定式：- can, could, may, might 后接动词不定式表达能力或可能性。
- must, have to, need to 后接动词不定式表达必要性或需要。
6.动词不定式的否定形式：- not + to do：例如 I decided not to go to the party.- 动词 + not to do：例如 She asked me not to tell anyone.7.动词不定式形式的变化：- 过去式：to do → to h ave done- 完成式：to do → to be done- 进行式：to do → to be doing以上只是动词不定式的一些基本知识点，但需要根据具体语境和句子结构进行灵活运用。
中考英语总复习之动词不定式-详解与练习
概念:动词不定式由to+动词原形构成。
这里的to是不定式标志,没有词义。
不定式具有名词、形容词或副词的某些语法功能,又有动词的时态和语态的特点及作用。
可以做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语。
一、作主语动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种：(1）把不定式置于句首.如：To get there by bike will take us half an hour。
（2）用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中.如：①It＋be＋名词＋to doIt's our duty to take good care of the old.②It takes sb+some time+to doHow long did it take you to finish the work?③It＋be＋形容词＋b＋to doIt is difficult for us to finish for swriting the composition in aquarter of an hour。
在句型③中,常用表示客观情况的形容词,如：easy，difficult，hard,important，possible，impossible，comfortable，necessary,better; the first，the next,the last,the best,too much，too little，not enough④It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to doIt is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says.在句型④中,常用careless,clever，good,foolish,honest，kind，lazy，nice,right,silly,stupid,wise rude，clever,foolish，thoughtful, thoughtless（欠考虑的；不考虑的）,brave,considerate(考虑周到的)，selfish（自私的）等表示赞扬或批评的词。
动词不定式的用法归纳+模拟试题解析中考英语复习备考
动词不定式的用法归纳+模拟试题解析中考英语复习备考1)不定式结构作主语1.Te get contact with his family in Taiwan made him extremely happy since they separated more than 40 years ago.2.To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge.在上述情况下，如果不定式较长，显得头重脚轻，则可由代词让作形式主语(形式主语it不可由that或this等其他代词代替)，而将不定式放到后面。
如：1.It made him extremely happy to get contact with his family in Taiwan since they separated more than 40 years ago.2.John admitted that it is always difficult for him to be on time.不定式结构所表示的动作是谁做的，即不定式的逻辑主语，通常可以通过for sb. to do sth. 结构表达：1.It is quite important for us to read good books during a general review.2.It is not difficult fot those talented students to pass the exam.在某些形容词(如careless，clever，considerate，foolish，good，impolite，kind, naughty，nice，silly，stupid等)作表语时，不定式后可以加of来引导出其逻辑主语：1.It is very kind of you to tell me the truth.2.It is stupid of him to do such a silly thing.2)不定式作宾语不定式作宾语有两种：一种是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式, 另一种是“及物动词+疑问词+带to的不定式。
中考英语专题讲练动词不定式(含解析)
动词不定式动词不定式知识精讲非谓语动词指的是在句中不能单独作谓语，但保留动词的某些特征（如有自己的宾语或状语等）的动词形式。
非谓语包括动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词和动名词。
非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化，但要遵循基本的时态语态规则，在句中充当各种成分。
一、动词不定式基本构成注意：动词不定式在一些感官动词（see, watch, hear等）或使役动词（make, let, have等）的后面，做宾补时，通常会省略to，如：The boss made me work ten hours a day.=I was made to work ten hours a day by the boss.这个老板让我一天工作十个小时。
二、动词不定式的语法功能动词不定式在句子中可充当主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语（即除谓语之外的各种成分）。
1. 不定式作主语1). 动词不定式短语作句子主语时，视为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数，如：To make work more efficient is our goal.让工作更有效率是我们的目标。
2). 不定式短语作主语时，为了考虑句子的平衡，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的不定式主语放在句子后面，结构为：It+is/ was+adj. (+for sb.)+动词不定式，如上一句话也可写成：It’s our goal to make work efficient.我们的目标是让工作更有效率。
It’s very important for us to learn English well.学好英语对于我们来说很重要。
2. 动词不定式作宾语1). 动词不定式跟在及物动词后作宾语，这种形式非常常见，就是我们平时积累的一些动词后面跟to do形式，如：I have decided to study hard.我已经决定要刻苦学习。
常见的这类动词有：begin, choose, continue, decide, expect, fail, forget, hate, help, hope, learn, manage, mean, need, offer, plan, prefer, pretend, promise, refuse, try, want, wish, determine, afford, agree, start, like等。
中考英语 语法专题 非谓语动词讲解素材
非谓语动词考点一、动词不定式一、构成不定式由“ to＋动词原形” 构成，其否定形式是在to 前加not。
在句子中，不定式可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
注意：1、 在kind,good,nice,clever,等表示人的品质、特征的形容词后，不用for 而用of例：你那样做真是太聪明了。
________________________________________________2、 一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时要省略to.这些动词有：一感（feel ）,二听（hear, listen to ）、三让（let,make,have ）、四看（look at,see,watch,notice ）,但这些动词变成被动语态时，必须还原to 例：The boss made them work the whole night 。
____________________________________________________3、 不定式作定语：如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有被动关系，要在不定式后面加上介词。
例：没什么可担心的。
______________________________________________________4、常和疑问词 what ， which ， who ， whom ， how ， when ， where ， whether 等连用，相当于宾语从句。
它们常用在 know ，wonder ，ask ，tell ，decide 等动词的后面，该结构也可在句中作主语或表语。
例：The problem is how to get to the hotel.老师正告诉学生们要做什么。
_____________________________________________________________考点二、分词一、构成分为现在分词和过去分词两种。
2022年中考英语专题备考动词不定式及短语动词的用法归纳讲与练
动词不定式及短语动词的用法归纳讲与练动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，在句中不能作谓语，没有人称和数的变化。
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。
动词不定式和后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等。
今天我们来学习动词不定式及短语动词的用法。
一、动词不定式的结构动词不定式的基本结构为“to+动词原形”，其中to是动词不定式符号，称为小品词，有时to可以省略。
否定形式：“not+ to+动词原形”。
动词不定式可以与疑问词what，which，when，where，how等连用。
I dont know what to do next. 我不知道下一步该怎么办。
二、动词不定式的用法（一）不定式作宾语动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后用作宾语。
Nobody knew why she agreed to help Ian. 没人知道她为什么同意帮助伊恩。
不定式作宾语时有三点需要注意：1. 如果and连接两个动词不定式，第二个动词不定式一般省略to。
He wants to go and have a swim with us. 他想和我们一起去游泳。
2. 如果作宾语的不定式带有自己的补足语，则需用it作形式宾语，而真正的不定式宾语置于补足语之后，构成“主语+谓语+it+宾语补足语（名词/形容词）+to do sth.”结构。
He found it hard to catch up with others. 他发现很难赶上别人。
我们初中阶段常用的能接动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：agree （同意），hope （希望），decide （决定），wish （希望），fail （失败），want （想要），would like （想要），ask （请求），choose （选择）等。
为了便于记忆，请看下面的口诀：希望想要做决定（hope，wish，want，decide）学会同意和答应（learn，agree，promise）碰巧没能计划好（happen，fail，plan）拒绝提供再准备（refuse，offer，prepare）注意：下面的四对短语在实际运用中是存在很大差异的。
中考英语语法动词不定式的主要句型归纳
动词不定式的主要句型一、学习目标1.熟练掌握动词不定式的句型结构。
2.熟练运用动词不定式的固定句型。
3.理解并运用不带to的动词不定式。
二、知识讲解1.使用动词不定式的主要句型疑问词+动词不定式不定式可以和疑问代词who , what , which及疑问副词when,how,where连用构成不定式短语，在句中担当主语、宾语、表语等成分。
The question is when to start.问题是什么时候开始。
What to do is an important question.该做什么是一个很重要的问题。
I can't decide who/whom to invite.我决定不了邀请谁。
备注:（1）“疑问词+不定式”作宾语时,常与下列动词连用: know , show , teach , tell , leam , forget等。
We don't know when to go.我们不知道什么时候去。
He doesn't know how to make a banana milkshake.他不知道怎样制作香蕉奶昔。
（2）有些动词后接how+不定式作宾语时, how可省略。
I learnt (how) to drive when I was 17.我17岁那年学会了开车。
但是,有些动词后面接how +不定式作宾语时,尽管其中的how在汉语中不需要译出,但却不能将how省略。
.He knows how to play the piano.他会弹钢琴。
He s howed her how to swim.他教她游泳。
（3） whether(是否)也常和不定式连用。
He hasn't decided whether to go or stay.他还没决定去留。
1，We don't know it next Let's go and ask Mr. Li. A. what to do B. to do whatC. whether to doD. to do whether答案C解析：本题考查"疑问词+不定式"及"whether+不定式”。
中考动词不定式详解
中考动词不定式详解（一）动词不定式的构成不定式的基本形式：to+动词原形，有时可以省略to。
这里的to是不定式符号，本身无词义。
动词不定式的否定形式是：not（+to）+动词原形。
（二）动词不定式的句法功能1.不定式作主语不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末，其结构为：It+be+adj.(+for/of sb)+动词不定式Eg：It is useful to learn English well.学好英语是有用的。
2.不定式作宾语（1）一些谓语动词后面只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词表示命令、打算或希望，如：would like，want，wish，hope，decide，plan，expect等。
Eg：Would you like to see a film tonight？你今晚想去看电影吗？（2）在find，think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在后面。
Eg：I find it easy to read English every day.我发现每天读英语很容易。
注意：不定式常和疑问词what，which，when，where，how连用作宾语，相当于一个宾语从句。
Eg：He didn’t know where to go.(where to go=where he should go)他不知道要去哪里。
3.不定式作宾语补足语tell,ask,want,allow,get,encourage等后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。
Eg：Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.露西让他调小收音机的音量。
注意：还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。
这些动词有：一感（feel）、二听（hear，listen to）、三让（let，make，have）、四看（look at，watch，see，notice）。
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中考英语动词不定式考点聚焦
一、动词不定式作主语。
动词不定式在句中作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
有时为了保持句子的平衡,常用it作形式主语放在句首,而把真正的主语——动词不定式(短语)放在后面。
★考题回放
( )1. To do as many exercises as possible ______ necessary before exam.
A. are
B. is
C. have
D. has
( )2. It’s a good habit ______ breakfast every day.
A. had
B. have
C. has
D. to have
二、动词不定式作宾语与v-ing形式作宾语的区别。
有些动词之后只能用v-ing形式,如:enjoy, mind, practice, keep等;有些动词之后只能用动词不定式,如:afford, agree, decide, fail 等;有些动词之后既可用v-ing形式又可用动词不定式,二者没有什么区别,如:continue, begin, learn, like等;有些动词之后用v-ing形式和动词不定式意义有所不同,如:try, forget, mean, remember等
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( )3. —Oh, terrible! I forgot ______ the window. It’s windy.
—Really? Let’s go back home quickly.
A. closing
B. to close
C. closed
D. close
三、动词不定式作宾补。
多数动词的后面跟带to的动词不定式作宾补,但某些感官动词(如:see, hear, feel, watch等)和使役动词(如:make, let, have等)在主动句中要求用省去to的动词不定式作宾补,而在被动句中需把省去的to补出。
★考题回放
( )4. You are so busy. What do you want me ______ for you?
A. do
B. done
C. to do
D. doing
( )5. Jane likes singing. We often hear her ______ after class.
A. sing
B. to sing
C. sings
D. sang
( )6. Colors can change our moods and make us ______ happy or sad, energetic or sleepy.
A. to feel
B. feeling
C. felt
D. feel
( )7. Some children are made ______ a lot of homework after school.
A. do
B. doing
C. to do
D. done
四、动词不定式作定语。
动词不定式作定语时,通常放在所修饰的词之后。
如果动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词,有时需补出一个介词意思才完整。
★考题回放
( )8. They had no room _______.
A. to live
B. to live in
C. living
D. living in
五、动词不定式作状语。
动词不定式作状语时,表目的的情况较多,也可表结果等。
★考题回放
( )9. I stayed there ______ what would happen.
A. to see
B. seeing
C. saw
D. seen
( )10. —Have you finished the English story book?
—Not yet. It’s too hard _____.
A. understand
B. understanding
C. to understand
D. understood
六、带有逻辑主语的动词不定式复合结构。
动词不定式的逻辑主语一般由介词for引出,但在某些具有评价人物品行意味的形容词(如:kind,nice,good,careful,careless,foolish,clever,selfish,rude,right,wrong,brave等)之后常由介词of引出。
★考题回放
( )11. It’s important ______ the piano well.
A. of him to play
B. for him to play
C. of him playing
D. for him playing
( )12. It’s wrong ______ her like that.
A. of you to treat
B. for you to treat
C. of you treating
D. for you treating
七、动词不定式的否定形式。
动词不定式的否定形式是在to前直接加not或never。
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( )13. There are some dangerous fishes in this river, and I’ve warned Jack _____ in it.
A. not to swim
B. to not swim
C. swim not to
D. to swim not
八、“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。
“疑问词+动词不定式”结构常可与从句互相转换,疑问词的选用需根据句意来确定。
★考题回放
( )14. —I don’t know _____ to open the bottle.
—You can put it in hot water for a few minutes.
A. which
B. what
C. how
D. why
( )15. —Are you going to buy a camera?
—Yes. But there are so many kinds that I can’t decide _____ to buy.
A. what
B. which
C. how
D. where
Key: 1-5 BDBCA 6-10 DCBAC 11-15 BAACB。