学术英语教学理念与原则复旦大学季佩英教授
《学术英语综合》 季佩英版 课文翻译
翻译,U1U1A 感谢看不见的手感谢全能的上帝是感恩节的主题,并自清教徒带来在他们的第一个丰收的朝圣者…直到今天,在全国各地的数以百万计的家庭,上帝会感谢许多礼物,桌上的盛宴和亲人的公司,健康和好运,在过去的一年,和平时期的家庭,为无数特权出生或成为-美国人。
但这可能不会发生在我们太多的感谢的事实,本周当地超市有大量的火鸡出售。
即使不虔诚感谢上帝的航班安排,使得某些亲人飞回家过感恩节。
或为当地的电影院在周末的时间掌握和(电影名)到来。
或者是报纸上伟大的越橘苹果派食谱的食品部分。
这些东西我们采取更多或更少的理所当然。
这几乎不需要一个奇迹来解释为什么杂货店的股票在感恩节前火鸡的股票,或者为什么好莱坞电影在大假期的时间释放。
这就是他们所做的。
上帝在哪里,然而,在那里,没有什么奇妙的东西-几乎是无法解释的-在你的感恩节周末的方式是可能的技能和劳动力的大量的陌生人把火鸡的餐桌,例如,需要成千上万的人努力的家禽农户养的鸟,当然,也提供营养,谁把它带到农场的卡车司机的饲料经销商,更不用说建筑师设计的孵化场,工人建造它,并保持它的运行技术人员。
这只鸟已经被宰杀、拔毛和检查运输和卸载包售价并显示。
完成这些任务的人是由其他人的军队来完成的,其他人完成了其他的任务--从精炼的汽油,燃料的卡车,制造塑料的肉类包装。
无数的活动遥远的男人和女人经过结婚几个月必须精心设计和精确定时,使v'nen结果你买新鲜的感恩节火鸡,会有一个或更多的可能,几十个等待。
协调水平,需要把它关闭是令人难以置信的。
但更令人难以置信的是:没有一个协调。
没有火鸡沙皇坐在指挥所的地方,咨询硕士计划。
发号施令。
没有人骑着所有的人,迫使他们合作,为你的利益。
然而他们合作。
当你到达超市的时候,四只火鸡在那里。
你不必做任何事情,但如果出现买thatisrit,奇迹。
那我们应该称之为?亚当斯密称它为“看不见的手”导致无数人的神秘力量,各为自己的利益工作,推动结束,受益多。
《大学英语(学术英语)》课程教学大纲
《大学英语(学术英语)》课程教学大纲ACADEMICENGLISH执笔者:吴勇审核人:易强编写日期:2017年10月《大学英语(学术英语)》课程是我校非英语专业本科基础阶段的公共基础课,属必修课程。
该课程安排在第四学期,总计48学时,3学分。
本课程根据教育部《大学英语教学指南》(2014)及我校人才培养定位实际要求来确定其教学内容和制订其教学大纲。
三、课程的性质、目的和任务教育部《大学英语教学指南》(2014)指出,大学英语课程具有工具性,体现在英语听说读写译技能、专门用途英语两方面。
在专门用途英语上,学生通过学术英语、职业英语等来获得学术领域或职业领域进行交流的能力,提升学生学术和职业素养,且该能力培养要进一步增强。
我校是以工科为主的地方本科院校,工科专业多,学生将来面临的学业深造、就业渠道也必然以工科方向为主,开设学术英语课程也是大势所趋。
学术英语能力主要包括:听专业课程和专业讲座的能力;搜索、阅读和评价专业文献的能力;撰写文献摘要、述评和专业小论文的能力;口头陈述和演示科研成果的能力;参加学术讨论的能力。
四、课程教学环节的基本要求(一)大学英语课程教学总体要求依照教育部《大学英语教学指南》(2014),大学英语课程教学要求分为三个层次,即基础目标、提高目标和发展目标。
基础目标针对英语高考成绩合格的学生,是本科毕业时应达到的基本要求;提高目标和发展目标针对大学入学时英语已达到较好水平的学生,也是对学生英语应用能力要求较高的专业所选择的要求。
三个级别教学要求的总体能力描述如下:展目标为教学目标,而英语基础较差的普通本科、艺术班、专升本等专业原则上以基础目标为起点进行教学。
(二)《大学英语(学术英语)》课程教学要求学术英语以英语使用领域为指向,以增强学生运用英语进行专业和学术交流、从事工作的能力,提升学生学术和职业素养为目的。
学术英语课程凸显大学英语工具性特征,将特定的学科内容与语言教学目标相结合,教学活动着重解决学生学科知识学习过程中所遇到的语言问题,以培养与专业相关的英语能力为教学重点,也分为三个级别。
学术英语综合季佩玉四单元翻译
Unit 4 翻译环保的当今时代是约半个世纪之久。
那段时间意识不断壮大,我们所面临的挑战知识增加,而重要的实践已经取得了进展,例如在一些减少各种污染,并在建立保护区。
我们是,但是,仍然由协调人什么我们的星球能提供可持续的要求很远。
人与自然之间的不平衡的后果是出现在改变地球的气候,动物和植物的势头,并在关键的资源,包括野生鱼类资源,淡水和土壤的枯竭的大灭绝。
而这些环境压力不是一成不变的。
他们不断升级,随着我国人口的增长和国家继续为更多的经济增长的不懈追求。
如果我们要避免这些趋势的最严重后果则毫无疑问是较为迅速的进展将需要比迄今取得的,但我们在这里应该关注我们的努力?什么可能是在未来的半个世纪行动的优先领域?这让我感到眼前的主要挑战主要不是相对于良好的信息,更好的技术和良好的政策思路。
这些东西是至关重要的当然的,但所有这些东西都已经可用。
我们知道如何让清洁电力,节约资源,培育生物多样性。
我们知道如何规范污染,防止损坏的生态系统,如果我们想。
我们有这些能力的事实是不够的。
如果我们继续前进的决定性方式的争论它需要被重新定义。
我们需要从“做正确的事'上移动,谈到风险管理,促进抗灾能力。
要查看关爱地球的自然系统为某种道德选择的是完全误解了危机,我们都在这个挑战是关于人类社会的未来,而不是一些可选的慈善事业,我们可以留给慈善事业慷慨解囊,做社会改良。
嵌入了使我们从保护自然的人们保护自然为人们的叙述是这样的重新规划的重要组成部分。
我们正处在一个时期的后果,世界必须知道,健康的本质不是一些可选的精密而是一组不可缺少的物质资产。
如果这样的叙述是为了获得实际效果再想找性质后必须立即被看作不仅是一个环境的挑战,也是一个经济问题。
只要我们继续滑向两个方向行进,一方面是促进环保目标的同时,对其他直接矛盾与措施,以实现更多的经济增长,我们不再将无法取得真正的进展。
当涉及到经济学和生态学有大量的好思已经完成。
例如,在不同的经济措施,以取代成功与失败,生态税的改革更为现实的措施,收入转移的负担,污染,生态系统服务补偿,补贴的重定向和如何调动国内生产总值的原油措施融资以扩大清洁行业。
《学术英语综合》季佩英版课文翻译
《学术英语综合》季佩英版课文翻译感谢看不见的手感谢全能的上帝是感恩节的主题,自从清教徒带来了他们的第一批丰收的朝圣者...直到今天,在全国数以百万计的家庭中,上帝会感谢许多礼物、餐桌上的盛宴和亲属的陪伴、健康和好运,在过去的一年里,和平的家庭,生来或成为美国人获得了无数特权。
但这可能不会发生,因为我们太感谢了。
本周当地超市有很多火鸡出售。
尽管不虔诚地感谢上帝的飞行安排,一些亲戚还是飞回家过感恩节。
或者让当地电影院掌握周末时间和(电影名称)的到来。
或者报纸上蓝莓苹果派食谱的食物部分。
这些事情我们或多或少都认为是理所当然的这几乎不需要奇迹来解释为什么感恩节前杂货店的存货是火鸡存货,或者为什么好莱坞电影在假期上映。
这就是他们所做的然而,上帝在哪里呢?在你的感恩节周末里,没有什么是美妙的——几乎无法解释的——对许多陌生人来说,技能和劳动是可能的火鸡餐桌,例如,家禽饲养者饲养的鸟,需要成千上万的人努力工作,当然,也为卡车司机提供营养和饲料经销商,卡车司机把它带到农场,更不用说由建筑师设计的孵化场,建造它的工人,以及保持它运转的技术人员这只鸟已经被宰杀、拔毛,运输和卸载袋的价格也已经被检查和展示完成这些任务的人是由其他人的军队完成的,其他人完成了其他任务——从提炼汽油、加油车到制作塑料肉包。
无数的活动在结婚几个月后,远方的男人和女人必须精心设计和精确计时,这样才能有一种或多种可能,有几十种可能等着你去买新鲜的感恩节火鸡。
协调的程度,关闭它的需要令人难以置信。
但是更不可思议的是没有协调没有哪个火鸡沙皇坐在指挥所里,查阅主人的程序。
命令人们四处走动没有人能驾驭所有的人,迫使他们为了你的利益而合作。
然而,他们合作了当你到达超市时,那里有四只火鸡你不需要做任何事情,但是如果你买了它,这是一个奇迹。
我们应该叫它什么?亚当·斯密称之为“看不见的手”,这导致了无数为自己的利益而工作的人的神秘力量,他们为达到目的而努力,并从中受益匪浅。
学术英语教学理念与原则复旦大学季佩英教授
4. The what and how of EAP
The early years (1950s-1960s)
• A sub-discipline within ESP with following features:
an eclectic and pragmatic discipline considering a wide range of linguistic, applied linguistic and educational topics
(Hyland, 2006)
4. The what and how of EAP
• The Early Years (1950s-1960s) • Three Decades of Growth and Developing Tradition
(1970s, 1980s, 1990s) • The current situation (since 2000)
(Liz Hamp-Lyons, 2011)
3. Nature of EAP
• designed to meet specified needs of the learner • related in content (i.e. in its themes and topics) to
particular disciplines, occupations and activities • centered on the language appropriated to those
《学术英语(管理类)》-课程教学大纲
《学术英语(管理类)》课程教学大纲一、课程基本信息课程代码:16231602课程名称:学术英语(管理类)英文名称:Academic English for Business课程类别:通识必修课学时:32学分:2适用对象: 非英语专业的本科生考核方式:考试先修课程:大学英语IV二、课程简介《学术英语(管理)》课程内容涉及市场营销、金融、会计、电子商务、公司战略、品牌、人力资源等管理学科的主要分支,适合修完大学英语基础课程,达到一般要求水平的本科学生。
虽然本课程以专业内容而不是以语言训练为主线,但是基于培养学术交流能力为目的的听说读写译的训练贯穿整个单元,并且各个单元内容的语言训练相互衔接、前后呼应。
学生学完本课程后,其有效、得体地使用英语进行学业学习与学术交流的能力将得到较全面的提高。
同时,此课程涉及公司治理与领导决策、商务洽谈与处理技能、金融核算与对外交流等各项技能知识,这不仅能增强学生自信与业务能力,激发学生的理想与信念;更能厚植爱国主义情怀、坚定业务处理原则、加强品德修养、提升学生综合素养。
这也是该课程的重要教学目标。
该课程每次讲授一个学期,每周2学时,共32学时。
授课方式以教师讲解为主,学生模拟商务、案例分析为辅。
课堂教学采用的主要教材为季佩英主编的《学术英语(管理)》。
授课环境为多媒体教室。
该课程的教学评估包括形成性评估和终结性评估。
具体比例是:形成性评估占50%,主要考虑因素包括出勤情况、课堂参与的情况、课内外作业完成的情况;终结性评估即期末考试的形式,占总成绩的50%。
The contents of this course involve marketing, finance, accounting, e-commerce, corporate strategy, branding,the main branch of human resources management disciplines, for completing college English courses, which can meet requirements of level of undergraduate students. While the course is based on professional content rather than language training as the main line, but the cultivation of academic communication skills forthe purpose of the listening, speaking, reading, writing and translating training is conducted throughout the entire unit based on the content and elements of language training with each other, before and after the echo. After taking this course the students' ability of effective, proper use of English learning and academic exchanges will be comprehensively improved. Meanwhile, this course involves various skills such as corporate governance and leadership decision-making, business negotiation and processing skills, financial accounting and international communication, which can not only enhance students' self-confidence and business ability, stimulate students' ideals and beliefs, but also cultivate patriotism, strengthen business handling principles, strengthen moral cultivation and enhance students' comprehensive accomplishment. This is also an important teaching goal of the course.The course lasts one semesters, 32 periods in all. The teaching process consists of lectures by the teacher, case study and simulated negotiation by students. The textbook is Business Negotiation.The assessment of students is based on both formative assessment and conclusive assessment. Formative assessment takes into account such factors as attendance, in-class performance, grades in assignments. Conclusive assessment refers to the final simulated negotiation. Formative assessment contributes 50% to the final total mark, while conclusive assessment, 50%.三、课程性质与教学目的《学术英语(管理)》(Academic English for Business)是广东财经大学非英语专业本科生在完成基础英语课程学习后,第四学期进入提高阶段英语课程学习的一门必修通识课,是一门从基础英语教学到双语教学或全英语教学的过渡性课程,以应对新时期大学英语教学的发展方向和新形势下我国人才培养目标对高等教育提出的新的要求。
医学英语 复旦大学
前言普通英语(English for General Purpose, EGP)正逐渐从中国大学英语教学中淡出,大学英语的教学重心正在转向专门用途英语(English for Specific Purpose, ESP),并将很快成为大学英语教学的主流。
在全国各大医学院校,虽然医学英语(English for Medical Purpose,EMP)的教学已经逐渐展开,但是直至今日,还没有一套系统、完善的教材来满足医学院校师生的需求。
现有教材中,很多是东拼西凑的科普读物,不是真正意义上的EMP教材。
其次,现有教材中有一通病,即内容太笼统,没有考虑到医学院校学生的专业分类有基础研究类、临床医护类及卫生管理类。
因为其课程设置、职业目标不同,对医学英语内容的需求也有所不同。
鉴于以上情况,编写一套专业细化合理、内容全面系统、选材专业权威的医学英语教材势在必行。
本教材以国内大学英语教学改革为背景,顺应大学英语从普通英语向学术英语、专业英语转向的契机,编写注重专业内容与语言知识有机结合,既有医学知识的专业深度,又有人文思辨的广度。
本教材内容《医学英语(临床医学)》全书由14个单元组成,第1单元至第5单元偏重于临床医学所涉及的基础内容,包括诊断(Diagnosis)、治疗(Therapeutics)、中医(Traditional Chinese Medicine)、护理(Nursing)和肿瘤(Oncology)等。
第6单元至第14单元根据临床大科,分系统讲授,包括皮肤系统(Integumentary System)、肌肉骨骼系统(Musculoskeletal System)、神经系统(Nervous System)、内分泌系统(Endocrine System)、感觉系统(Sensory System)、心血管系统(Cardiovascular System)、呼吸系统(Respiratory System)、泌尿生殖系统(Urogenital System)和消化系统(Digestive System)。
(完整版)学术英语综合课后答案季佩英
Unit 1Language building-upTask 1/Specialized vocabulary1. 饲料经销商;饲料批发商2. 为他自己的收益而工作3. 技能与劳动力4. 制造塑料5. 私人交易6. 包装并定价7. 无形之手1. priced2. labor3. transactions4. gain5. labor; manufactured6. invisible hand7. distributorTask 2/Signpost language1. Today, in millions of homes across the nation, God will be thanked for many gifts, for the feast on the table and the company of loved ones, for health and good fortune in the year gone by, for peace privilege of having been born, or having become —American(Line 2, Para.1).2. And yet, isn't there something wondrous, —something almost inexplicable in the way your Thanksgiving weekend is made possible by the skill and labor of vast numbers of total strangers? (Line 1, Para. 4)3. ...Thanksgiving Turkey, there would be one, —or more likely, a few dozen—waiting. (Line 3, Para.6)Task 3/Formal English1. very many2. buying or selling3. a large group of4. more huge5. understand6. troubledUnit 2Language buildingTask 1:Part 1:1)无形之手;2)自由企业制度3)股东4)经济体制5)开发产品和服务6)市场力量;市场调节作用7)金融机构8)严重衰退9)破产10)mission11)stock price12)corporate motto13)assets14)maximize profits 15)financial systemPart 2:1)market forces2)financial institutions 3)free enterprise system 4)deep institutions5)invisible hand6)stockholder7)profit maximization 8)economic system Task 2:1.and;2.Another;3. also;4. Not only;but;5. otherTask 31. understanding;2. agree with;3. forces…to be accepted;4. bad5. purpose6. charitable ;7. given;8.famous.Unit 3Language buildingTask 1: collocationPart 1:1) 充满敬畏与感激;2)与外部世界隔离3)陷入绝境4)易感抑郁5)恢复体能6)界定性特征7)暂时的挫败8)不因挫败而心烦意乱9)竞选权位10)吹着欢快的曲调Part 2:1)bout 2)validated3)squabble 4)aptitude5)platitude 6)debilitate7)reassuring 8)undermine9)ruminate 10)martialTask 2:1.contrasting;2.in contrast;3. However;4. different;5. on the other hand6. in the opposite way7.howeverTask 31. full of;2. becomes alert and energetic3. keeping thinking about4. been left in hopelessness5. likely to suffer from6. not disturbed7. saying something that people are quite familiar with8. officially approvedUnit 4Language buildingTask 1: collocationPart 1:1. green movement2. protected areas3. extinction of animals and plants4. wild fish stocks5. make clean power6. save resources7. 培育生物多样性8. 控制污染9. 阻止对生态体系的破坏10. 扩大清洁产业11. 集体世界观12. 生态经济Part 2:1. Embedding a narrative that moves us on from protecting nature from people to protecting nature for people is an essential part of this reframing. (Para.6)If such a narrative is to gain practical effect, then looking after nature must urgently be seen as not only an environmental challenge, but also an economic one. (Para.7)The author manages to bring in a new topic and maintain coherence by repeating keys words such as narrative, nature.2. So long as we continue to travel in two directions at once, promoting environmental goals on the one hand while on the other directly contradicting that with measures to achieve more economic growth, the longer we will fail to make real progress. (Para.7)When it comes to economics and ecology there is plenty of good thinking already done. (Para.8) The author manages to bring in a new topic and maintain coherence by repeating key words such as economic, economics.Task 3 Formal language1. unchangeable; increasing2. control3. effort; charitable4. pleasant detail5. complicated6. change7. Changing8. importantUnit 5Language buildingTask 1: collocationPart 1:1. having a mind2.behave as if you understand3.what and how we know4.inside;reflectsMentalist Dbehaviorist BEpistemologist Aphenomenologist CPart 21. psychological2.spiritual3.behaviour4.phenomenologist5.perplexity6.mentallyTask 2:…,classified…This class of…The class of……a less severe label…The huge classTask 31. what we imagine about computers today2.we have broken the distinction between3.for the sake of convenience so that it is easier to refer to the first type of response4. you have the same reason for thinking that M had a mind.5. (The reason you believe your mother has a mind is based) not on your prejudice6. as groundless as believing that computers have mindUnit 6Task 1: Specialized vocabularyPart 11. 数学化,数字处理2. 计算机辅助设计3. 统计4. 基因组学5. 运筹学6. 优化组合7. 概率8. 数据库Part 2:1. database2. CAD3. statistics4. probability5. optimization6. genomics7. mathematization8. Operations researchTask 2:1. Here are a few simple examples of prescriptive mathematics that extended from single numbers to exceedingly complex systems:…(Line 1,para.8,Text A)2. Admittedly this is rather vague, but it will clarify a bit as I go on and mention a few of the manyexamples that Baker gives:…(Line 8, para.10, Text A)Task 3 Formal language1. exists2. included3. explained4. model5. get6. environment7. knowledgeable person; in which8. until now9. fix ideas of (caution) in one’s mindUnit 7Task 1: Specialized vocabularyPart 11. -h2.-f3.-a4.-j5.-i6.-b7.-d8.-g9.-c10.-ePart 2:1. To achieve professional development isimportant as a means to the end of becoming an expert and gaining more flexibility and independence2. Numerous studies over the last 30 years have suggested that personality is a powerful predictor of a person's life satisfaction3. An employee's work orientation is shaped in the first instance by their understanding of “what work is about”4. The government is trying to introduce new measures to create a better social safety net and encourage better worker pay5. Money has been used as the incentive of many intelligence contests in TV programTask 2:1. The present perfect tense(现在完成时)emphasizes that people’s conception about what money can bring them has changed greatly2. The tense switches from the present to the past to manifest that an example is given3.The tense switches between the present and the past to produce a comparison of different interpretations of a “calling”in different timesTask 3 Formal language1. pour heart and soul into :spare no efforts,try one's bestwhat will stimulate\encourage a worker to try his best in making good products?2. lure:temptationgrueling:working exhaustedlyPeople are no longer so tempted by the dream of becoming rich by working exhaustedly 80 hours a week for several years in a humble position3. lowly job:humble jobrecrafted:turnedHe might be doing a humble job,but he would turn it into a great mission4. entails:requiresA career requires more devotion to work5. contributing to:being beneficial toconnotation:implicationPeople who regard their work as a calling\great mission think that what they do helps serve the public and brings benefits to our society,and therefore it's quite proper to say that a mission\calling implies something similar to religious beliefsUnit8Task 1 Specialized vocabulare1. cultural tradition 文化传统2. social stability 社会稳定3. distinct identity 鲜明特色4. edge effect 边缘效应5. organic evolution 有机界进化6. mutual respect 相互尊重7.political correctness 政治正确性anic evolution2. mutual respect3. Edge effect4. social stability5. political correctness6. cultural tradition7. distinct identityTask 2 Signpost language1. Through; through; through2. not just; but3. first4. second5. next6. final7.not only; but alsoTask 3 Formal English1. develop2. combined3. skillful performers4. obvious5. friendly6. getting rid of7. combine8. changed9. imagine10. a large number ofUnit 9Task 1 Specialized vocabulary1 D 医疗2 J 基因分型3 F 内窥镜检查4 A 生物技术5 H 诊断6 C 分子的7 I 治疗方案8 E 医生9 G 外科医生的;手术的10 B 胶囊1 diagnosis2 surgical3 Biotechnology4 healthcare5 protocols6 molecularTask 2 Signpost language1 known as2 referred to as3 call4 describe5 meanTask 3 Formal English1 increases2 marked3 arrival/ coming4 replaced5 move away6 filledUnit 10Task 1 Specialized vocabulary1 b2 k3 f4 j5 g6 i7 e8 c9 h10 a11 d1 syntactic patterns2 Language faculty3 neural system4 underlying logic5 evolutionary adaptation6 formal instruction7 mental organ8 natural selectionTask 2 Signpost language1 for2 led to3 because4 Therefore5 Therefore6 because; because7 SoTask 3 Formal English1 explanation/interpretation; impacts2 is present all over; analyze/explain/interpret。
(完整版)学术英语综合课后答案季佩英(2)
Unit 1Language building-upTask 1/Specialized vocabulary1. 饲料经销商;饲料批发商2. 为他自己的收益而工作3. 技能与劳动力4. 制造塑料5. 私人交易6. 包装并定价7. 无形之手1. priced2. labor3. transactions4. gain5. labor; manufactured6. invisible hand7. distributorTask 2/Signpost language1. Today, in millions of homes across the nation, God will be thanked for many gifts, for the feast on the table and the company of loved ones, for health and good fortune in the year gone by, for peace privilege of having been born, or having become —American(Line 2, Para.1).2. And yet, isn't there something wondrous, —something almost inexplicable in the way your Thanksgiving weekend is made possible by the skill and labor of vast numbers of total strangers? (Line 1, Para. 4)3. ...Thanksgiving Turkey, there would be one, —or more likely, a few dozen—waiting. (Line 3, Para.6)Task 3/Formal English1. very many2. buying or selling3. a large group of4. more huge5. understand6. troubledUnit 2Language buildingTask 1:Part 1:1)无形之手;2)自由企业制度3)股东4)经济体制5)开发产品和服务6)市场力量;市场调节作用7)金融机构8)严重衰退9)破产10)mission11)stock price12)corporate motto13)assets14)maximize profits 15)financial systemPart 2:1)market forces2)financial institutions 3)free enterprise system 4)deep institutions5)invisible hand6)stockholder7)profit maximization 8)economic system Task 2:1.and;2.Another;3. also;4. Not only;but;5. otherTask 31. understanding;2. agree with;3. forces…to be accepted;4. bad5. purpose6. charitable ;7. given;8.famous.Unit 3Language buildingTask 1: collocationPart 1:1) 充满敬畏与感激;2)与外部世界隔离3)陷入绝境4)易感抑郁5)恢复体能6)界定性特征7)暂时的挫败8)不因挫败而心烦意乱9)竞选权位10)吹着欢快的曲调Part 2:1)bout 2)validated3)squabble 4)aptitude5)platitude 6)debilitate7)reassuring 8)undermine9)ruminate 10)martialTask 2:1.contrasting;2.in contrast;3. However;4. different;5. on the other hand6. in the opposite way7.howeverTask 31. full of;2. becomes alert and energetic3. keeping thinking about4. been left in hopelessness5. likely to suffer from6. not disturbed7. saying something that people are quite familiar with8. officially approvedUnit 4Language buildingTask 1: collocationPart 1:1. green movement2. protected areas3. extinction of animals and plants4. wild fish stocks5. make clean power6. save resources7. 培育生物多样性8. 控制污染9. 阻止对生态体系的破坏10. 扩大清洁产业11. 集体世界观12. 生态经济Part 2:1. Embedding a narrative that moves us on from protecting nature from people to protecting nature for people is an essential part of this reframing. (Para.6)If such a narrative is to gain practical effect, then looking after nature must urgently be seen as not only an environmental challenge, but also an economic one. (Para.7)The author manages to bring in a new topic and maintain coherence by repeating keys words such as narrative, nature.2. So long as we continue to travel in two directions at once, promoting environmental goals on the one hand while on the other directly contradicting that with measures to achieve more economic growth, the longer we will fail to make real progress. (Para.7)When it comes to economics and ecology there is plenty of good thinking already done. (Para.8) The author manages to bring in a new topic and maintain coherence by repeating key words such as economic, economics.Task 3 Formal language1. unchangeable; increasing2. control3. effort; charitable4. pleasant detail5. complicated6. change7. Changing8. importantUnit 5Language buildingTask 1: collocationPart 1:1. having a mind2.behave as if you understand3.what and how we know4.inside;reflectsMentalist Dbehaviorist BEpistemologist Aphenomenologist CPart 21. psychological2.spiritual3.behaviour4.phenomenologist5.perplexity6.mentallyTask 2:…,classified…This class of…The class of……a less severe label…The huge classTask 31. what we imagine about computers today2.we have broken the distinction between ???3.for the sake of convenience so that it is easier to refer to the first type of response4. you have the same reason for thinking that M had a mind.5. (The reason you believe your mother has a mind is based) not on your prejudice6. as groundless as believing that computers have mindUnit 6Task 1: Specialized vocabularyPart 11. 数学化,数字处理2. 计算机辅助设计3. 统计4. 基因组学5. 运筹学6. 优化组合7. 概率8. 数据库Part 2:1. database2. CAD3. statistics4. probability5. optimization6. genomics7. mathematization8. Operations researchTask 2:1. Here are a few simple examples of prescriptive mathematics that extended from single numbers to exceedingly complex systems:…(Line 1,para.8,Text A)2. Admittedly this is rather vague, but it will clarify a bit as I go on and mention a few of the manyexamples that Baker gives:…(Line 8, para.10, Text A)Task 3 Formal language1. exists2. included3. explained4. model5. get6. environment7. knowledgeable person; in which8. until now9. fix ideas of (caution) in one’s mindUnit 7Task 1: Specialized vocabularyPart 11. -h2.-f3.-a4.-j5.-i6.-b7.-d8.-g9.-c10.-ePart 2:1. To achieve professional development isimportant as a means to the end of becoming an expert and gaining more flexibility and independence2. Numerous studies over the last 30 years have suggested that personality is a powerful predictor of a person's life satisfaction3. An employee's work orientation is shaped in the first instance by their understanding of “what work is about”4. The government is trying to introduce new measures to create a better social safety net and encourage better worker pay5. Money has been used as the incentive of many intelligence contests in TV programTask 2:1. The present perfect tense(现在完成时)emphasizes that people’s conception about what money can bring them has changed greatly2. The tense switches from the present to the past to manifest that an example is given3.The tense switches between the present and the past to produce a comparison of different interpretations of a “calling”in different timesTask 3 Formal language1. pour heart and soul into :spare no efforts,try one's bestwhat will stimulate\encourage a worker to try his best in making good products?2. lure:temptationgrueling:working exhaustedlyPeople are no longer so tempted by the dream of becoming rich by working exhaustedly 80 hours a week for several years in a humble position3. lowly job:humble jobrecrafted:turnedHe might be doing a humble job,but he would turn it into a great mission4. entails:requiresA career requires more devotion to work5. contributing to:being beneficial toconnotation:implicationPeople who regard their work as a calling\great mission think that what they do helps serve the public and brings benefits to our society,and therefore it's quite proper to say that a mission\calling implies something similar to religious beliefsUnit8Task 1 Specialized vocabulare1. cultural tradition 文化传统2. social stability 社会稳定3. distinct identity 鲜明特色4. edge effect 边缘效应5. organic evolution 有机界进化6. mutual respect 相互尊重7.political correctness 政治正确性anic evolution2. mutual respect3. Edge effect4. social stability5. political correctness6. cultural tradition7. distinct identityTask 2 Signpost language1. Through; through; through2. not just; but3. first4. second5. next6. final7.not only; but alsoTask 3 Formal English1. develop2. combined3. skillful performers4. obvious5. friendly6. getting rid of7. combine8. changed9. imagine10. a large number ofUnit 9Task 1 Specialized vocabulary1 D 医疗2 J 基因分型3 F 内窥镜检查4 A 生物技术5 H 诊断6 C 分子的7 I 治疗方案8 E 医生9 G 外科医生的;手术的10 B 胶囊1 diagnosis2 surgical3 Biotechnology4 healthcare5 protocols6 molecularTask 2 Signpost language1 known as2 referred to as3 call4 describe5 meanTask 3 Formal English1 increases2 marked3 arrival/ coming4 replaced5 move away6 filledUnit 10Task 1 Specialized vocabulary1 b2 k3 f4 j5 g6 i7 e8 c9 h10 a11 d1 syntactic patterns2 Language faculty3 neural system4 underlying logic5 evolutionary adaptation6 formal instruction7 mental organ8 natural selectionTask 2 Signpost language1 for2 led to3 because4 Therefore5 Therefore6 because; because7 SoTask 3 Formal English1 explanation/interpretation; impacts2 is present all over; analyze/explain/interpret。
学术英语综合课文翻译季佩英
Unit 4 环境Text A The Green Movement at 50: What Next?环保的当今时代是约半个世纪之久。
那段时间意识不断壮大,我们所面临的挑战知识增加,而重要的实践已经取得了进展,例如在一些减少各种污染,并在建立保护区。
我们是,但是,仍然由协调人什么我们的星球能提供可持续的要求很远。
人与自然之间的不平衡的后果是出现在改变地球的气候,动物和植物的势头,并在关键的资源,包括野生鱼类资源,淡水和土壤的枯竭的大灭绝。
而这些环境压力不是一成不变的。
他们不断升级,随着我国人口的增长和国家继续为更多的经济增长的不懈追求。
如果我们要避免这些趋势的最严重后果则毫无疑问是较为迅速的进展将需要比迄今取得的,但我们在这里应该关注我们的努力?什么可能是在未来的半个世纪行动的优先领域?这让我感到眼前的主要挑战主要不是相对于良好的信息,更好的技术和良好的政策思路。
这些东西是至关重要的当然的,但所有这些东西都已经可用。
我们知道如何让清洁电力,节约资源,培育生物多样性。
我们知道如何规范污染,防止损坏的生态系统,如果我们想。
我们有这些能力的事实是不够的。
如果我们继续前进的决定性方式的争论它需要被重新定义。
我们需要从“做正确的事'上移动,谈到风险管理,促进抗灾能力。
要查看关爱地球的自然系统为某种道德选择的是完全误解了危机,我们都在这个挑战是关于人类社会的未来,而不是一些可选的慈善事业,我们可以留给慈善事业慷慨解囊,做社会改良。
嵌入了使我们从保护自然的人们保护自然为人们的叙述是这样的重新规划的重要组成部分。
我们正处在一个时期的后果,世界必须知道,健康的本质不是一些可选的精密而是一组不可缺少的物质资产。
如果这样的叙述是为了获得实际效果再想找性质后必须立即被看作不仅是一个环境的挑战,也是一个经济问题。
只要我们继续滑向两个方向行进,一方面是促进环保目标的同时,对其他直接矛盾与措施,以实现更多的经济增长,我们不再将无法取得真正的进展。
学术英语综合季佩英版第八单元课文翻译
学术英语综合季佩英版第八单元课文翻译texta从柏柏尔人到巴赫的全球化路径作为一个专业大提琴家,在过去30年,我在这条道上花了相当于两个完整的十年来学习和表演音乐传统和文化。
我的旅行使我相信,在我们的全球化世界中,文化传统形成了以身份,社会稳定和相互帮助为主的重要框架。
一个快速变化的世界必然可以使我们导致文化上的不安全感,并使人们批评自己的地位。
全球化常常使我们适应环境别人的规则,这似乎威胁了个人的身份。
这自然并使我们紧绷,因为这些规则建议我们发生改变我们的历史悠久的习惯。
因此,对于今天的全球化领导者的关键问题就是:习惯和文化该如何演进去重新加入一个更大的星球,同时不牺牲生命独有的身份和个人的自豪感?我的音乐之旅提醒我,全球化带来的互动不仅仅是破坏文化,他们可以创造新的文化,振兴和传播已经存在多年的传统。
它与生态术语“边缘效应”不同,后者用于描述当两个不同的生态系统相遇例如森林和大草原时会发生什么。
在那个界面上,密度最小的地方生命形式最多样化,每个生物都可以在两个生态系统的核心中找到。
有时候最有趣的事情发生在边缘。
在交叉处有着令人意外的组成。
文化这块缝纫就是由世界各个角落的人汇集而变成的。
辨认出世界的一种方法就是深入细致发掘它的传统。
比如,在音乐方面,任何大提琴手的核心就是巴赫的《并无演奏大提琴奏鸣曲》。
而其中每个奏鸣曲的心脏就是一个称作萨拉班德舞的舞蹈。
这个舞蹈源于北非柏柏尔人的音乐,那里就是一个缓慢,性感的舞蹈。
它之下一次发生在西班牙,在那里被严禁,因为它被指出强奸和放荡。
西班牙人把它带回美洲,但它也前往法国,在那里它沦为一个戏剧性的舞蹈。
在1720年代,巴赫将其分拆至《并无演奏大提琴奏鸣曲》中。
今天,我,一个中国人在巴黎后生的美国人,也在玩巴赫。
那么,谁真正具有萨拉班德舞?每个文化都涵盖着音乐,并剥夺其特定的意义,但每个文化必须共享资源所有权:它属我们所有。
1998年,我成立了丝绸之路项目,研究数千年来地中海与太平洋之间许多文化之间的思想流动。
GBP理论指导下的学科英语读写能力培养
GBP理论指导下的学科英语读写能力培养作者:李翠英孙倚娜来源:《外国语文研究》2018年第02期内容摘要:《高等教育中基于语类的读写教学模式探索:SLATE项目》是一部基于项目实践进行语言教育理论探索的专著。
该项目围绕高等教育环境下亚洲学生学科英语读写能力的提升,以基于语类的语言教育思想为理论指导,探索了学科英语读写能力培养的最新模式以及教师反馈的有效模式。
关键词:基于语类的读写教学;学科英语读写能力;教师反馈基金项目:本文属于教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金西部项目“GBP理论视域下的大学英语课程建设与教师发展同构模式研究”(16XJC740003)和重庆市教育厅“巴渝引智项目”(1019101053)阶段性成果。
作者简介:李翠英,重庆交通大学外国语学院讲师,博士后,主要从事功能语言学、英语教育与教师发展研究;孙倚娜,苏州大学外国语学院教授,主要从事应用语言学、外语教育与教师发展研究。
Abstract:Genre Pedagogy in Higher Education: The SLATE Project is a project-based theoretical study into language education. Under the theoretical direction of Genre-based pedagogy,this project focused on the development of Asian students’ disciplinary literacy in higher education and probed into a new model of disciplinary discourse learning and teaching, and teacher feedback.Key words:genre-based pedagogy; disciplinary literacy; teacher feedbackAuthors: Li Cuiying is senior lecturer at the School of Foreign Languages in Chongqing Jiaotong University (Chongqing 400074, China). Her academic interests include systemic functional linguistics, English education and teacher development. E-mail: sayusayme@. Sun Yina is professor at the School of Foreign Languages in Suzhou University (Suzhou 215006,China). Her research interest is applied linguistics, English education and teacher development. E-mail: yinasl@随着经济全球化与教育国际化的发展,英语已日益成为高等教育的重要语言媒介。
应用型本科高校的学术英语教学改革实践——以上海应用技术大学为例
2019年39期总第479期高等教育研究ENGLISH ON CAMPUS应用型本科高校的学术英语教学改革实践——以上海应用技术大学为例文/孙志青随着高校国际化的稳步推进,全英语课程和学生海外留学需求日渐增加,专业学习对于直接阅读英语文献或参加国外学者讲座等需求逐渐增长,但学生从注重语言技能与文化的通用英语(EGP:EnglishforGeneralPurposes)直接进入全英语课程存在对授课语言、授课形式、教材等方面的困难,迫切需要大学英语教学转向学术英语(EAP),使其成为一门过渡性课程,在语言、内容和方法上为专业学习做准备(蔡基刚,2012)。
2013年上海市教委开展学术英语教学改革试点(沪教委高〔2013〕2号),明确提出大学英语课程以提高学生的学术英语交流能力为教学目标。
本文以一所培养一线工程师为主的普通应用型本科高校为例,阐述其在一些工科专业实施的学术英语教学改革,以期为同类院校提供启示。
一、改革需解决的主要问题1.教学团队建设。
教师是推动教学改革的关键。
教师教学理念的转变是改革的关键之关键。
季佩英(2017)曾指出学术英语教学存在最突出的问题之一是“教师教学发展问题。
大部分学术英语教师毕业于语言、文学或翻译专业,能够胜任学术英语课程教学的师资数量有限。
”提升教师对学术英语教学改革的理论与实践认知,转变教学观念,提高学术英语教学能力是保证教改顺利进行的首要任务。
教学能力的提高离不开教学研究。
学术英语教学的理念与目标不同于传统的通用英语教学,课程体系更紧密服务学校的办学目标、院系的专业建设。
加强教学研究,将教学中遇到的问题转变为研究课题是促进教改良性发展的重要途径。
2.教学内容及方法改革。
一线工程师是介于工程研究型与技能应用型之间的人才类型,以强能力、重应用为人才培养特色。
传统的大学英语教材具有重文学、重政论的特点,与学生的专业学习结合不够。
季佩英(2017)认为学术英语教学存在的另一突出问题是“专业知识教学把控问题”。
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English as the Language of Knowledge Exchange
• Most disciplines have progressively switched from publishing in journals in their own language to publishing in journals in English.
• Part III Issues and challenges of teaching EAP in China
Part I Changes in educational institutions
Braj Kachru's model of World Englishes
Two distinct roles for institutions which have English as the medium of instruction:
(Hyland, 2006)
4. The what and how of EAP
• The Early Years (1950s-1960s) • Three Decades of Growth and Developing Tradition
(1970s, 1980s, 1990s) • The current situation (since 2000)
(Jordan, 2002)
2. EAP and TEAP: definitions
• English for Academic Purposes refers to language research and instruction that focuses on the spees of particular groups in academic contexts.
• Materials Development Aim: provide basic preparation for good study habits e.g. discipline specific materials “study skills” materials and texts research paper writing
Dudley-Evans and St John (1998: 41)
3. Nature of EAP
ESAP
• concerns the teaching of skills and language which are related to the demands of a particular discipline or department.
• A sub-discipline within ESP with following features:
an eclectic and pragmatic discipline considering a wide range of linguistic, applied linguistic and educational topics
Teaching English for Academic Purposes (EAP) focuses on „teaching English specifically to facilitate learners‟ study or research through the medium of English‟
4. The what and how of EAP Three Decades of Growth and Developing Tradition (1970s, 1980s, 1990s)
• Supporting International Students
• English as the Language of Knowledge Exchange
Hutchinson and Waters (2002, P. 17)
1. Classifying EAP in English language teaching
English as foreign language
General English
English for specific purposes
• Language support that was provided to international students tended to be on an ad hoc, part-time basis.
4. The what and how of EAP
The early years (1950s-1960s)
(Hyland, Hamp-Lyons, 2002)
2. EAP and TEAP: definitions
• TEAP: the teaching of English with the specific aim of helping learners to study, conduct research or teach in that language (Flowerdew and Peacock, 2001: 8).
• Various ways to collect data of students‟ needs e.g. language tests, questionnaire surveys, monitoring in class, self-assessment and interviews
Supporting international students
• Induction courses, such as short courses (e.g. four weeks at the beginning of the students‟ studies) were development.
• Birmingham University, Leeds University, Manchester University, Newcastle University
English for academic purposes
English for occupational
purposes
2. EAP and TEAP: definitions
• „English for Academic Purposes‟ seems to have been coined by Tim Johns in 1974 and made its first published appearance in a collection of papers edited by Cowie and Heaton in 1977.
Supporting international students
• needs analysis Needs analysis is fundamental to an EAP approach to course design and teaching. Liz Hamp-Lyons (2000)
3. Nature of EAP
EGAP focuses on the skills, language forms and study activities thought to be common to all disciplines e.g. • Listening to lectures. • Participating in supervisions, seminars and tutorials. • Reading textbooks, articles and other material. • Writing essays, examination answers, dissertations and reports.
(Liz Hamp-Lyons, 2011)
3. Nature of EAP
• designed to meet specified needs of the learner • related in content (i.e. in its themes and topics) to
particular disciplines, occupations and activities • centered on the language appropriated to those
• Student writing (from essays to exam papers and graduate theses).
• Administrative practice (from course documents to doctoral oral defences).
3. Nature of EAP
activities in syntax, lexis, discourse, semantics etc., and analysis of this discourse • in contrast with “General English”
Strevens (1988)
3. Nature of EAP • EGAP: English for general academic purposes • ESAP: English for specific academic purposes
• Classroom interactions (from teacher feedback to tutorials and seminar discussions).
2. EAP and TEAP: definitions
• Research genres (from journal articles to conference papers and grant proposals).