2016年6月16日雅思真题原文回忆及答案解析
高等学校英语应用能力考试(A级)20166月真题与答案解析
高等学校英语应用能力考试(A级)(2016年6月)Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Directions: This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 4 sections.Section ADirections:This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. Both the dialogues and questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example: You will hear:You will read: A) New York City. B) An evening party.C) An air trip. D) The man’s job.From the dialogue we learn that the man is to take a flight to New York. Therefore, C) An air trip is the correct answer. You should mark C) on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.[A] [B] [C] [D]Now the test will begin.1. A) Go to school. B) Prepare a party.C) Make a speech. D) Arrange a meeting.2. A) Going to work by bus. B) Buying a new car.C) Looking for a new job. D) Living near the company.3. A) Visit her office. B) Repair her computer.C) Lend her a bicycle. D) Check her report.4. A) The man is going to work in the IT company.B) The woman has no idea about the IT company.C) The woman wants to work in the man’s company.D) The company is among the top ones in the IT industry.5. A) To apply for a job. B) To ask for a sick leave.C) To make an appointment. D) To place an order.Section BDirection: This section is to test your ability to understand short conversations. There are 2 recorded conversations in it. After each conversation, there are some recorded questions. Both the conversations and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Now listen to the conversation.Conversation 16. A) She has got a job offer. B) She has got a promotion.C) Her company has launched a new product. D) Her company has received a big order.7. A) Buying a birthday gift. B) Watching a movie together.C) Giving a birthday party. D) Having dinner together. Conversation 18. A) When the Great Wall was built. B) How he can get to the Great Wall.C) Which tour group he should join. D) How far away the Great Wall is.9. A) It is quicker. B) It is more comfortable.C) It is cheaper. D) It is less crowded.10. A) Bus No. 18. B) Bus No. 80. C) Bus No. 89. D) Bus No. 98. Section CDirections: In this section you will hear a recorded short passage. The passage is printed in the test paper, but with some words or phrase missing. The passage will be read two times. You are required to put the missing words or phrases on the Answer Sheet in order of the numbered blanks according to what you hear. Now listen to the passage.How great it is to see so many of you come and join us in celebrating the 15th anniversary of our travel magazine. From the bottom of 11 , we thank you for being here. A little more than fifteen years ago, we were sitting at our regular jobs, 12 how we saw our future, when we came up with the idea of joining our two hobbies, traveling and writing. We never imagined that our tiny dream would 13 so soon. There were many special people who joined us and made it 14 to create the name that we have today. To all those people and those who joined us in our journey, I should say thank you again. 15 we would never have been here.Section DDirections: This section is to test your ability to comprehend short passages. You will hear a recorded passage. After that you will hear five questions. Both the passage and the questions will be read two times. When you hear a question, you should complete the answer to it with a word or a short phrase (in no more than 3 words). The questions and incomplete answers are printed in your test paper. You should write your answers on the answer sheet correspondingly. Now listen to the passage.16. What is the purpose of the video library?To help people improve their abilities.17. What problem may people have when using the library for the first time?They may have difficulties understanding .18. What are people advised to do when listening to the video?Write down the they hear and understand.19. What should people do in listening to each conversation?Try to notice the .20. How can people start watching their first video?All they need to do is to click on the link of .Part II Structure (10 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your ability to construct grammatically correct sentences. It consists of 2 sections.Section ADirections: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.21. Young people are sharing more information about themselves on social media sites now thanthey in the past.A) was B) are C) do D) did22. One of the toughest jobs of managers and executives is how to engage their employees.A) to figure out B) to be figuring out C) figure out D) figured out23. they are invented to be very smart, robots still can’t replace humans.A) If only B) Even though C) As if D) Just as24. This passport photo doesn’t look like you at all, so you must have another one .A) taking B) to take C) taken D) took25. We are pleased to share the news we have finished our project ahead of schedule.A) that B) which C) those D) these26. The search will go on a new and better material is found to replace this one.A) since B) until C) while D) as27. These photos remind me of the days I stayed in Britain, working as a visitor scholar.A) where B) when C) whether D) how28. This website may contain links to other websites privacy practices may be differentfrom ours.A) that B) which C) who D) whose29. The company its sales by an average of 10% per year since its establishment in 1993.A) increases B) increased C) is increasing D) has increased30. The flight scheduled at 9 am was delayed four hours due to the bad weather.A) to take off B) take offC) taking off D) to be taken offSection BDirections: There are 5 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in brackets. Write the word or words in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.31. The president will attend the opening ceremony of the (establish) of the free tradezone this afternoon.32. Total sales of our company in 2015 rose to 712. 6 million Euros (compare) with 687.2million Euros in 2014.33. With the work (do) , these scientists began to plan another research project.34. Consumers have the right (obtain) true information of the services they receive fromthe sellers35. Many employers complain that they have difficulty (find) enough qualified people fortheir companies.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Directions: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Task 1Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 to 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Technology companies usually focus their employee benefits around making people stay in the office longer, ping-pong tables, game rooms, on-site training rooms, some even offer laundry services. We, ABC Company, don’t do any of these.Instead, we focus on benefits that get people out of the office as much as possible. We designed our benefits system to reflect that. Here are some of the benefits we offer to get people away from the computer.●Vacations: For the last three years in a row, we’ve worked with a professional travelagent to prepare different travel packages that employees could pick from as a holiday gift.Everything is paid for and included. Specific, pre-arranged trips —whether for a family togo to Disneyland or a couple to tour Spain —have helped make sure people actually taketheir vacations.4-day Summer Weeks: From May through October, everyone who’s been with the company for more than a year gets to work just four days in a week. This started out as “Friday’s off”, but roles like customer support and operations need to cover all hours.To come up with the best ideas, you need a fresh mind. These travel and time-off benefits help everyone stay sharp.36. The usual focus of employee benefits offered by technology companies is to .A) keep employees to stay longer in the office B) encourage employees to work overtimeC) help employees to participate in exercise D) ensure employees to work energetically37. The purpose of the benefits system of ABC Company is to .A) encourage its employees to work overtime B) get its employees out of the officeC) develop its unique marketing strategies D) increase its overseas market share38. ABC Company pays for everything in the travel packages in order to .A) make sure its employees take their vacationsB) build up business relations with a travel agentC) encourage its employees to travel on businessD) help the development of tourism in the area39. Who can enjoy the 4-day Summer Weeks in the company?A) Employees of 18 years old and above. B) Customer support employees.C) The newly-employed staff. D) Employees working over a year.40. By saying “stay sharp” in the last paragraph, the writer means “be ”.A) more careful B) open-mindedC) quick-minded D) healthierTask 2Directions: This task is the same as Task 1. The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.Conditions for Submitting Refund Requests:1. All products claimed to be not as described must match the items sold by the seller.2. Refund request should be submitted during the protection period.3. Buyers should provide enough evidence to prove that the products received are not as goodas described.4. If you submit a refund request before the order is completed and then mark that order ascomplete —you cannot submit another refund request for another 15 days, even it has a Longer Protection guarantee. If, however, the reason for your refund request is “I didn’t receive anything” and the result is “payment released to the seller”, you still can submit refund request within the 15 days if the product is not as described.Returning Shipping Feel. If the seller accepts returns, and the buyer also wants to return their purchase, simply follow the seller’s sets of Returns on who will pay the return shipping fee. If the seller will pay the fee, communicate with the seller in advance about the payment method and the logistics service.2. If a seller sets no return necessary or a buyer wants to keep the product, simply agree on therefund amount directly and ignore the return shipping fee.41. According to the Conditions given in the passage, the buyer’s refund request must be made.A) during one year of purchase B) before the payment is madeC) before the order is completed D) during the protection period42. To make a refund request, the buyer should .A) prove the product is not as good as describedB) tell the seller about the refund request in advanceC) deliver the purchase package to the storeD) Send the product to the seller in good condition43. According to the section of Return Shipping Fee, the buyer and the seller can communicate witheach other about .A) the payment method B) the insurance costC) the discount rate D) the product quality44. If a buyer wants to keep the return product, he/she simply .A) pays part of the shipping fee B) ignores the return shipping feeC) agrees on a reduced return amount D) pays the logistics service45. The passage is mainly about .A) the quality control managementB) the importance of customers servicesC) the return policy of a purchaseD) the different payment methodsTask 3Directions: The following is a passage about the Job Finder program. After reading it, you are required to complete the outline below it (No.46 to No.50). You should write your answers briefly (in no more than three words) on the Answer Sheet correspondingly.Washington’s National Park Fund was founded in 1993 by a group of enthusiastic parks people who wanted to establish support for our beautiful parks in Washington State. As a non-profit organization, the Fund is the official non-profit partner supporting Mount Rainer, North Cascades, and Olympic National Parks; we are ensuring the presentation of national beauty, cultural heritage (遗产) , and continued enjoyment for all. Over the past six years, Washington’s National Park Fund has given back more than $ 2 nullion to Mount Rainer, North Cascades, and Olympic National Parks.How You Can Help●Purchase a National Park license plate; $28 of each plate purchased comes back to the parks(more than 137,000 is generated by this program each year!)●Support the parks through your company’s matching gift program. Get a work crew fromyour company together to volunteer. Provide in-kind goods (实物商品) from your company to the parks through Washington’s National Park Fund.●Volunteer your time at one of Mount Rainer, North Cascades, and Olympic National Parks(information can be found on each park’s website).Task 4Directions:The following is a list of terms related to the supply chain. After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to those given in Chinese in the table below. Then you should mark the corresponding letters with a single letter through the center in order of the numbered blanks,51 through 55, on the Answer Sheet.A —on a day-to-day basis J —intelligent hotelsB —total room revenue K —high seasonC —hotel service information L —no vacanciesD —group rate M —night managerE —self-check-in process N —package priceF —walk-in guest O —resort hotels & spasC —guest service directory P —registration cardH —average room rates Q —star ratingsI —early check-in guestExample: (B) 客房总收入（F）未预约的客人Task 5Directions：Read following is an advertisement from an insurance company. After reading it, you should give brief answers to the 5 questions (No.56 to No.60) that follow. The answers (in no more than 3 words) should be written after the corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.Corporate Receptionist WantedAbout the JobHT Staffing is seeking a Corporate Receptionist in the West Lake Hills area. We are looking for candidates that are friendly, sharp, polished, and comfortable, working in a very professional corporate environment.Qualificahons:●College diploma required●At least 2 years of office or receptionist experience in a corporate environment●Strong communication skills●Able to work well in a team environment●Self-Starter who is capable of managing multiple projects and meeting deadlines●Strong in Microsoft Office (Word, Excel, PowerPoint)Responsibilities:●Answer and route all incoming calls● Greet all visitors●Provide excellent customer service●Assist with outgoing parcels via FedEx, UPS, a nd USPS as needed●Compose correspondence, memos, and documents●Coordinate client events●Schedule conference and meeting roomsPrepare reports, as requested, using Excel and spreadsheet (电子表格) programs and all MS Office applications including PowerPoint.Please submit your resume in a Word document in order to be considered.56. What job position is advertised?A .57. What educational background is required of the applicant?is required.58. What work experience is required of the applicant?At least two years’ experience of in a corporate environment. 59. What kind of writing will be the applicant do if he/she is accepted?Correspondence, .60. In what format should the applicant submit his/her resume?Submit it in a .Part IV Translation—English into Chinese (25 minutes)Directions:This part, numbered 61 through 65, is to test your ability to translate English into Chinese. After each of the sentences numbered 61 to 64, you will read three choices of suggested translation marked A）, B）and C）. You should choose the best translation and mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. And for the paragraph numbered 65, write your translation in the corresponding space on the Translation/Composition Sheet.61. We are honored to be invited to the seminar on computer technology to be held in Beijing nextmonth.A) 我们很高兴下月将参加在北京举行的计算机研讨会，相信会受益匪浅。
2016年雅思写作真题——大作文
2016年雅思写作真题——大作文160109——全球化Differences between countries are becoming less evident recently. People can see the same films, brands, fashion, advertisements and TV channels.To what extent do disadvantage outweigh advantages?160114——犯罪A recent newspaper article reports that a 14-year-old boy who seriously destroyed his school got a punishment to clean streets instead of sent to the prison.Do you think this is right? Or the young criminals should be sent to the jail?160123——媒体News media has become more influential in people’s lives. Other believe it is a negative development.To what extent do you agree or disagree?160130——政府＋交通In some countries, the government tried to reduce traffic. For instance, they imposed acongestion tax during rush hour.Do you think this development is positive or negative?160213——教育In some countries, there has been an increase in the number of parents who educate theirchildren themselves at home instead of sending them to school.Do you think the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?160218——动物Human activities have negative effects on plant and animal species. Some people think itis too late to do anything about this problem. Others believe that effective measures canbe taken to improve this situation.Discuss both views and give your opinion.160220——媒体Nowadays a large amount of advertising aiming at children should be banned because of thenegative effects.To what extent do you agree or disagree?160227——女性In many c ountries women are allowed to take maternity leave from their jobs during the first month after the birth of their baby.Does advantage outweigh disadvantages?160305——媒体（11-06-04）We rely on news for our knowledge nowadays, but we are unsure how much we can trust journalists.What is your opinion on it?What qualities do you think should be required by journalists?160312——动物In modern world, it is no longer necessary to use animals for food or use animal products,for instance, clothing and medicines.To what extent do you agree or disagree?160319——社会(医疗保险)Some people think health care should be free for everyone, while others think they shouldpay medical costs for themselves.Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.160331——社会Today many children spend a lot of time playing computer games and little time on sports.Why is it?Is it a positive or negative development?160402——社会Multicultural societies, where people of different ethnic groups live together, can bringmore benefits than drawbacks to a country.To what extent do you agree or disagree?160416——城市发展When new towns are planned, it is important to build more public parks or sports facilities than shopping centers for people to spend their free time.To what extent do you agree or disagree?160421——环境The increase in the production of consumer goods results in damage to the natural environment. What are the causes of this? What can be done to solve this problem?160430——社会People’s shopping habits depend more on the age group they belong to than any other factor.To what extent do you agree or disagree?160507——教育Some people think teaching children different abilities together benefits everyone, otherthink intelligent children should be taught separately and given special treatment.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.160519——女性In many countries women are able to join the armed forces now on the equal basis of men.However some people think only men should be members of the army, navy and Air force.To what extent do you agree or disagree?160521——社会（国际援助）Some people believe countries have moral obligation to help each other. Others worry aboutthe aid money cannot get to the poor of this world.Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.160528——家庭New parents should attend a parenting course to learn how to bring up their children well.Do you agree or disagree?160604——教育Many s tudents are taught to push themselves to try and be better than other students, rather than work together for everyone’s benefits.Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?160625——科技The range and quality of food has been improved with the development of technology andscientific advance. Some people think it is good and others think it is harmful.Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.160709——媒体There are many advertisements directed at children, such as snacks, toys and other goods.Parents argue that children are under pressure. Advertisers claim that the advertisementsprovide useful information.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.160714——科技People still value artist in the age of advanced science and technology.Why you think this is?Are arts as important as science and technology?160716——环境Some people think that instead of preventing climate change, we need to find a way to livewith it.Do you agree or disagree?160730——政府／教育Some people think that the government should decide which subject students should study at university, while others think that students should be allowed to apply for the subject they prefer.Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.160804——媒体／全球化Some people think that it is necessary to travel abroad to learn about other countries.However, other people think that it is not necessary to travel abroad because all theinformation can be seen at TV and the Internet.Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.160813——社会In many countries, people can eat a wide variety of food today. As a result, they eat foodfrom other regions than local food.Do you think the advantages of the development outweigh disadvantages?160820——社会（慈善）Some people think charity organizations should help people in great need wherever they live. However, others think they should help people in their own country.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.160827——城市发展Some people think it is more important to plant trees in open areas in towns and cities than to provide more housing.To what extent do you agree or disagree?160903——媒体Some people think having more TV channels is good because they will have more choices, while others think it is not good because programs’ quality is lower.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.160910——文化Many c ustoms and the traditional ways of behavior are no longer relevant to the modern life and no worth keeping.To what extent do you agree or disagree?160915——交通More and more people buy and use their own car.Do you think the advantages of this trend for individuals outweigh the disadvantages forenvironment?160924——城市In many cities an increasing number of people do not know their neighbors and they lack asense of community.What are the causes? How to solve this problem?161008——科技Maintaining public libraries is a waste of time since computer technology is now replacingtheir functions.To what extent do you agree or disagree?161013——其他Some scientists believe there are intelligent life forms that may exist on other planetsand we s hould send messages i nto the outer space. Other say that it may h ave negative influence and be too dangerous for people on the earth.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.161022——媒体＋政府In some countries, the criminal trials are shown on the TV and the general public can watch them.Are the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?161029——工作It is a good thing for people in senior management positions to get a higher salary thanother workers in the same company.To what extent do you agree or disagree?161103——抽象Some people think that in the modern society individuals are becoming more dependent thaneach other, while others say that individuals are becoming more independent of each other.Discuss both sides and give your opinion.161119——家庭In some countries, more people choose to live by themselves in recent years.Why is it case? Is it a positive or negative development for society?161126——科技More people are using mobile phones and computers to communicate. Therefore, people arelosing the ability to communicate with each other face to face.To what extent do you agree or disagree?161203——运动Some countries achieve international sporting success by building specialized facilitiesonly for the training of top athletes, instead of providing facilities that everyone canuse.Do you think it is a positive or negative trend?161210Some people think they have rights to use as much fresh water as they want. Others believethat the use of fresh water should be tightly controlled by the government as it is a limited resource.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.欢迎您的下载，资料仅供参考！致力为企业和个人提供合同协议，策划案计划书，学习资料等等打造全网一站式需求。
2016年06月A 级真题
2016年06月A 级真题Part ⅠListening ComprehensionSection ADirections: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recordeddialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. Both the dialogues and questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1、A. Go to school. B. Prepare a party.C. Arrange a meeting.D. Make a speech.2、A. Going to work by bus. B. Living near the company.C. Looking for a new job.D. Buying a new car.3、A. Visit her office. B. Lend her a bicycle.C. Repair her computer.D. Check her report.4、A. The company is among the top ones in the IT industry.B. The woman wants to work in the man's company.C. The woman has no idea about the IT company.D. The man is going to work in the IT company.5、A. To place an order. B. To ask for a sick leave.C. To make an appointment.D. To apply for a job.Section BDirections: This section is to test your ability to understand short conversations. There are 2 recordedconversations in it. After each conversation, there are some recorded questions. Both the conversations and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices markd A, B, C and D given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Now listen to the conversations.Conversation 16、A. Her company has launched a new product.B. Her company has received a big order.C. She has got a job offer.D. She has got a promotion.7、A. Having dinner together. B. Watching a movie together.C. Giving a birthday party.D. Buying a birthday gift.Conversation 28、A. When the Great Wall was built.B. How far away the Great Wall is.C. Which tour group he should join.D. How he can get to the Great Wall.9、A. It is cheaper. B. It is more comfortable.C. It is quicker.D. It is less crowded.10、A. Bus No. 98. B. Bus No. 89.C. Bus No. 80.D. Bus No. 18.Section CDirections: In this section you will hear a recorded short passage. The passage is printed in the test paper, but with some words or phrases missing. The passage will be read two times. You are requiredto put the missing words or phrases on the Answer Sheet in order of the numbered blanks according to what you hear. Now the passage will begin.How great it is to see so many of you come and join us in celebrating the 15th anniversary of our travel magazine. From the bottom of were sitting at our regular jobs, how we saw our future, when we came up with the idea of joining our two hobbies, traveling and writing. We never imagined that our tiny dream would so soon. There were many special people who joined us and made it to create the name that we have today. To all those people and those who joined us in our journey, I should say thank you again. you would never have been here.Section DDirections: This section is to test your ability to comprehend short passages. You will hear a recordedpassage. After that you will hear five questions. Both the passage and the questions will be readtwo times. When you hear a question, you should complete the answer to it with a word or ashort phrase (in no more than 3 words). The questions and incomplete answers are printed inyour test paper. You should write your answers on the Answer Sheet correspondingly. Nowlisten to the passage.16、What is the purpose of the video library?To help people improve their ______ abilities.17、What problem may people have when using the library for the first time?They may have difficulty understanding ______.18、What are people advised to do when listening to the video?Write down the ______ they hear and understand.19、What should people do in listening to each conversation?Try to notice the ______.20、How can people start watching their first video?All they need to do is to click on the link of ______.Part ⅡStructureSection A21、Only by adopting more creative approaches ______ to overcome present-day challenges.A. we can hopeB. can we hopeC. hope we canD. can hope we22、Some small businesses have neither the time ______ the resources to compete with these big businesses.A. orB. norC. andD. but23、This website may contain links to other websites ______ privacy practices may be different from ours.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. whose24、The company ______ its sales by an average of 10% per year since its establishment in 1993.A. increasesB. increasedC. is increasingD. has increased25、The flight scheduled ______ at 9 a. m. was delayed four hours due to the bad weather.A. to take offB. take offC. taking offD. to be taken off26、After they ______ the first super computers in the 1940s, scientists and engineers began to develop ways to create networks.A. createB. createdC. have createdD. has created27、Harvey finished ______ his research paper, but he needed to check it before submitting it to the professor.A. to typeB. typedC. typingD. type28、We will inform you of the result ______ the program is approved by the board.A. in order thatB. as ifC. even thoughD. as soon as29、Having your smartphone or computer ______ may cause a lot of trouble to you.A. damagedB. damageC. damagingD. to damage30、Anyone ______ works in the retail business needs to be good at calculating and communicating.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. whatSection B31、Effective feedback is well timed so that the employee can (easy) ______ connect the feed- back with his actions.32、Today, as natural resources become scarcer and manufacturing costs rise, recycling is (important) ______ than ever.33、With the work (do) ______, these scientists began to plan another research project.34、For social robots to work successfully, they have to (accept) ______ by humans.35、The company has taken several steps to speed up the (move) ______ of goods from the seller to the customer.Part ⅢReading ComprehensionDirections: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read thereading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Task 1If your purchase is not as described or is of low quality, you can return the item to the seller and get a full refund.Conditions for Submitting Refund Requests1. All products claimed to be not as described must match the items sold by the seller.2. Refund requests should be submitted during the protection period.3. Buyers should provide enough evidence to prove that the products received are not as good as described.4. If you submit a refund request before the order is completed and then mark that order as complete —you cannot submit another refund request for another 15 days, even it has a Longer Protection guarantee. If, however, the reason for your refund request is "I didn't receive anything" and the result is "payment released to the seller", you still can submit refund request within the 15 days if the product is not as described.Return Shipping Fee1. If the seller accepts return, and the buyer also wants to return their purchase, simply follow the seller's sets of Returns on who will pay the return shipping fee. If the seller will pay the fee, communicate with the seller in advance about the payment method and the logistics service.2. If a seller sets no return necessary or a buyer wants to keep the product, simply agree on the refund amount directly and ignore the return shipping fee.36、According to the Conditions given in the passage, the buyer's refund request must be made ______.A. during one year of purchaseB. before the payment is madeC. before the order is completedD. during the protection period37、To make a refund request, the buyer should ______.A. prove the product is not as good as describedB. tell the seller about the refund request in advanceC. deliver the purchase package to the storeD. send the product to the seller in good condition38、According to the section of Return Shipping Fee, the buyer and seller can communicate with each other about ______.A. the payment methodB. the insurance costC. the discount rateD. the product quality39、If a buyer wants to keep the return product, he/she simply ______.A. pays part of the shipping feeB. ignores the return shipping feeC. agrees on a reduced return amountD. pays the logistics service40、The passage is mainly about ______.A. the quality control managementB. the importance of customers servicesC. the return policy of a purchaseD. the different payment methodsTask 2Technology companies usually focus their employee benefits around making people stay in the office longer: ping-pong tables, game rooms, on-site training rooms, some even offer laundry services. We, ABC Company, don't do any of these.Instead, we focus on benefits that get people out of the office as much as possible. We designed our benefits system to reflect that. Here are some of the benefits we offer to get people away from the computer: •Vacations: For the last three years in a row, we've worked with a professional travel agent to prepare different travel packages that employees could pick from as a holiday gift. Everything is paid for and included. Specific, pre-arranged trips —whether for a family to go to Disneyland or a couple to tour Spain —have helped make sure people actually take their vacations.•4-day Summer Weeks: From May through October, everyone who's been with the company for more than a year gets to work just four days in a week. This started out as "Friday's off", but roles like customer support and operations need to cover all hours.To come up with the best ideas, you need a fresh mind. These travel and time-off benefits help everyone stay sharp.41、The usual focus of employee benefits offered by technology companies is to ______.A. keep employees to stay longer in the officeB. encourage employees to work overtimeC. help employees to participate in exerciseD. ensure employees to work energetically42、The purpose of the benefits system of ABC Company is to ______.A. encourage its employees to work overtimeB. get its employees out of the officeC. develop its unique marketing strategiesD. increase its overseas market share43、ABC Company pays for everything in the travel packages in order to ______.A. make sure its employees take their vacationsB. built up business relations with a travel agentC. encourage its employees to travel on businessD. help the development of tourism in the area44、Who can enjoy the 4-day Summer Weeks in the company?A. Employees of 18 years old and above.B. Customer support employees.C. The newly-employed staff.D. Employees working over a year.45、By saying "stay sharp" in the last paragraph, the writer means "be ______".A. more carefulB. open-mindedC. quick-mindedD. healthierTask 3Washington's National Park Fund was founded in 1993 by a group of enthusiastic parks people who wanted to establish support for our beautiful parks in Washington State. As a non-profit organization, the Fund is the official non-profit partner supporting Mount Rainer, North Cascades, and Olympic National Parks; we are ensuring the presentation of national beauty, cultural heritage (遗产), and continued enjoyment for all. Over the past six years, Washington's National Park Fund has given back more than $2 million to Mount Rainer, North Cascades, and Olympic National Parks.How You Can Help•Purchase a National Park license plate; $28 of each plate purchased comes back to the parks (more than 137,000 is generated by this program each year!)•Support the parks through your company's matching gift program. Get a work crew from your company together to volunteer. Provide in-kind goods (实物商品) from your company to the parks through Washington's National Park Fund.•Volunteer your time at one of Mount Rainer, North Cascades, and Olympic National Parks (information can be found on each park's website).Task 4Directions: The following is a list of terms used in the hotel industry. After reading it, you are required tofind the items equivalent to those given in Chinese in the table below. Then you should mark the corresponding letters with a single letter through the center in order of the numbered blanks, 51 through 55, on the Answer Sheet.A —on a day-to-day basisB —total room revenueC —hotel service informationD —group rateE —self-check-in processF —walk-in guestG —guest service directory H —average room ratesI —early check-in guest J —intelligent hotelsK —high season L —no vacanciesM —night manager N —package priceO —resort hotels & spas P —registration cardQ —star ratings51、______温泉度假酒店______按日计52、______团队价______打包价53、______星级评等______智能酒店54、______客满______登记卡55、______客人服务指南______旺季Task 5Corporate Receptionist WantedAbout the JobHT Staffing is seeking a Corporate Receptionist in the West Lake Hills area. We are looking for candidates that are friendly, sharp, polished, and comfortable, working in a very professional corporate environment.Qualifications•College diploma required•At least 2 years of office or receptionist experience in a corporate environment•Strong communication skills•Able to work well in a team environment•Self-starter who is capable of managing multiple projects and meeting deadlines•Strong in Microsoft Off ice (Word, Excel, PowerPoint)Responsibilities•Answer and route all incoming calls•Greet all visitors•Provide excellent customer service•Assist with outgoing parcels via FedEx, UPS, and USPS as needed•Compose correspondence, memos, and documents•Coor dinate client events•Schedule conference and meeting roomsPrepare reports, as requested, using Excel and spreadsheet(电子表格) programs and all MS Office applications including PowerPoint.Please submit your resume in a Word document in order to be considered.56、What job position is advertised?A _________________________________________________________.57、What educational background is required of the applicant?__________________________________________________ is required.58、What work experience is required of the applicant?At least two years' experience of __________ in a corporate environment.59、What kind of writing will the applicant do if he/she is accepted?Correspondence, _____________________________________________.60、In what format should the applicant submit his/her resume?Submit it in a ________________________________________________.Part ⅣTranslation —English into ChineseTranslation/Composition Sheet.61、Industrial robots are used for handling a variety of products for complex processes that are hard to realize by means of conventional machines.A. 工业机器人可用于处理各种产品的复杂加工，使用传统机器很难实现这些加工。
2016年6月英语六级真题及答案免费范文精选
Hartwick College, a small liberal-arts school in upstate New York, makes New York, makes this offer to well prepared students: earn your undergraduate degree in three years instead of four, and save about 543,000—the amount of one year’s tuition and fees. A number of innovative colleges are making the same offer to students anxious about saving time and money. That’s both an opportunity and a warning for the best higher-education system in the world. The United States has almost all of the world’s b est universities. A recent Chinese survey ranks 35 American universities among the top 50, eight among the top 10. Our research universities have been the key to developing the competitive advantages that help Americans produce 25% of all the world’s wealth. In 2007, 623,805 of the world’s brightest students were attracted to American universities. Yet, there are signs of peril (危险)within American higher education. U.S. colleges have to compete in the marketplace. Students may choose among 6,000 public, private, nonprofit, for profit, or religious institutions of higher learning. In addition, almost all of the 532 billion the federal government provides for university research is awarded competitively. But many colleges and universities are stuck in the past. For instance, the idea of the fall-to-spring“school year”hasn’t changed much since before the American Revolution, when we were a summer stretch no longer makes sense. Former George Washington University president Stephen Trachtenberg estimates that a typical college uses its facilities for academic purposes a little more than half the calendar year.“While college facilities sit idle, they continue to generate maintenance expenses that contribute to the high cost of running a college,” he has written. Within academic departments, tenure(终身职位)，combined with age-discrimination laws, makes faculty turnover—critical for a university to remain current in changing times—difficult. Instead of protecting speech and encouraging diversity and innovative thinking, the tenure system often stifles(压制)them: younger professors must win the approval of established colleagues for tenure, encouraging like-mindedness and sometimes inhibiting the free flow of ideas. Meanwhile, tuition has soared, leaving graduating students with unprecedented loan debt. Strong campus presidents to manage these problems are becoming harder to find, and to keep. In fact, students now stay on campus almost as long as their presidents. The average amount of time students now take to complete an undergraduate degree has stretched to six years and seven months as students interrupted by work, inconvenienced by unavailable classes, or lured by one more football season find it hard to graduate. Congress has tried to help students with college costs through Pell Grants and other forms of tuition support. But some of their fixes have made the problem worse. The stack of congressional regulations governing federal student grants and loans now stands twice as tall as I do. Filling out these forms consumes 7% of every tuition dollar. For all of these reasons, some colleges like Hartwick are rethinking the old way of doing things and questioning decades-old assumptions about what a college degree means. For instance, why does it have to take four years to earn a diploma? This fall, 16 first-year students and four second-year students at Hartwick enrolled in the school’s new three year degree program. According to the college, the plan is designed for high-ability, highly motivated student who wish to save money or to move along more rapidly toward advanced degrees. By eliminating that extra year, there year degree students save 25% in costs. Instead of taking 30 credits a year, these students take 40. During January, Hartwick runs a four week course during which students may earn three to four credits on or off campus, including a number of international sites. Summer courses are not required, but a student may enroll in them—and pay extra. Three year students get first crack atcourse registration. There are no changes in the number of courses professors teach or in their pay. The three-year degree isn’t a new idea. Geniuses have always breezed through. Judson College, a 350-student institution in Alabama, has offered students a three-year option for 40 years. Students attend 2016年6月大学英语六级考试CET6真题。
2016雅思试题及答案
2016雅思试题及答案2016年的雅思考试（International English Language Testing System，简称IELTS）是全球广泛认可的英语能力测试，它分为学术版（Academic）和培训版（General Training）。
雅思考试包括四个部分：听力（Listening）、阅读（Reading）、写作（Writing）和口语（Speaking）。
以下是2016年雅思考试的一些试题及答案的概述。
# 听力部分听力部分包含四个部分，每个部分有10个问题，题型通常包括填空题、选择题、配对题和地图题等。
样题示例：- Part 1: 通常是一个对话或电话留言，主要测试日常英语的理解能力。
- Part 2: 可能是一个独白，如介绍一个地点或事件。
- Part 3: 通常是一个学术讨论或学生之间的互动。
- Part 4: 是一个讲座或报告，内容可能涉及科学、艺术或商业等主题。
答案示例：- 对于填空题，考生需要听录音并填写缺失的单词或数字。
- 对于选择题，考生需要从给定的选项中选择最合适的答案。
- 对于配对题，考生需要将问题与相应的答案进行匹配。
- 对于地图题，考生需要根据录音内容在地图上标记位置。
# 阅读部分阅读部分包含三篇文章，每篇文章后面有若干问题，题型包括判断题、填空题、选择题和简答题等。
样题示例：- Passage 1: 通常较短，内容可能涉及日常生活或社会问题。
- Passage 2: 中等长度，可能涉及更专业或学术性的主题。
- Passage 3: 最长，内容可能非常专业或复杂，需要较高的阅读和理解能力。
答案示例：- 对于判断题，考生需要根据文章内容判断陈述是否正确。
- 对于填空题，考生需要从文章中找到信息并填写在空白处。
- 对于选择题，考生需要从给定的选项中选择最合适的答案。
- 对于简答题，考生需要用自己的话简要回答文中的问题。
# 写作部分写作部分包含两个任务，Task 1通常要求考生描述一个图表、流程或地图，Task 2是一个议论文，要求考生就一个话题表达自己的观点。
2016年6月16日朗阁雅思听力考题回顾.doc
赵沧海
2016 年 6 月 16 日
重点词汇及 扩展 Section 2 一句话简介
Barrington fun Triathlon 体育赛事
详细回忆
朗阁海外考试研究中心 Research Academy for Foreign Language Exams run from Barrington to the remote area 15. The candidates come back to the city centre 16-18 Matching A. in the city B. downhill C. farmland D. forests E. uphill 16. Section one C (candidates have to run through an agriculture field 17. Section two E (stick to the top then there might be walkers because the road is quite narrow) 18. Section three D (run through the forests) 19-20 Completion 19. The first prize is a cup 20. The chairman will represent the Organization to award the champion. 重点词汇及 扩展 Section 3 一句话简介 填空要掌握好定位词的划取以及前期审题时所填空内词性及内容的预判。配对题要 对去理解同意替换，同时在审题时对于配对选项的重点内容提取。 版本号 V131121 S3 缺勤主题讨论 21-24 Multiple Choices 21. The aim for the student of doing the research is to find out A number reduced B whether it can be changed C the cost added 22.Why did the respond rate to the questionnaires so high? A she kept a reminder for the interviewees B hand out one by one C the time is short 23.why did the student divide the managers into group A to get a manageable form B to get similar information in the groups 24. What did most mangers agree to the results of the research A the application of rules of the company should be more strict 25 Most managers current problem of workers’ absence A……. B more severe punishment C employees access to health resource 场景 学术讨论 题型 Multiple Choice(s) / Macthing
6月16日雅思口语考试真题回忆
年6月16日雅思口语考试真题回忆年6月16日雅思口语局部考试即将举行，为将此次考试在第一时间分享给广阔的烤鸭们，一线名师也参加此次考试，与众多考生一起进行雅思考试机经整理。
考试结束后，第一时间为大家整理了网友们所提供的最详细的雅思口语考试回忆，希望对大家能够有所帮助。
以下是6月16日雅思口语考试考场的回忆(网友版)：不断更新中......回忆1语言大学part1 newspaper and magazine accmodation walking part2 activity you like part3什么人做户外活动什么人做室内活动为什么有的人喜欢做危险的活动考官好严肃不过会点头回应回忆2西北工业大学3号房间是一个中老年白人男语速稍快，严肃，偶尔打断，P1 work art walk P2 get up very early P3 why do Chinese get up early.what kind of people get up earlier than others.arrive at an appointment earlier or not.is morning the best time in a day回忆3交通大学考官人挺好的不抬头看人part1 walk or car,subject,part2 a famous people you admire in sports,politics,business part3 leader回忆4赛格人才培训中心VIP6 白人不笑讲话都可以听得懂p1 学生还是工作，专业，喜欢小组工作还是个人，噪音p2 exercise to keep fit p3 人们经常运动吗，怎么运动你家附近有运动的地方吗家长怎么样告诉孩子运动的重要性，政府怎么告诉公众保持健康的重要性回忆5外国语大学room304 p1 work 做什么的为什么选择这个工作喜欢一个人工作还是和别人一起工作你回画画吗与以前会画吗去美术馆吗都看过那些什么喜欢去吗p2 wedding 参加谁的wedding 在哪里发生了什么事你参加过几次婚礼p3你觉得中国人觉得婚礼回挣钱吗你觉得人们喜欢参加婚礼吗回忆6教育考试效劳中心part1 专业handcrafted evening activities part2 polluted areapart3 polluion individual awareness回忆7有可能有很多朋友吗回忆8大学room3 part1 study or work, subject you like ,subject you expected,bicycle.part2 描述一件你买过使你快乐的东西，part3 一系列有关shopping的问题，ps:考官人很好回忆9国试考试中心01 蚊的问题好快但是很和蔼黑人考官稍稍有点口音1 work 你家在哪艺术学了艺术嘛看不看博物馆生日怎么过 2 有意思的地方 3 大建筑物你喜欢哪里回忆10大学part1 广告科学part2 愿意在一块玩的人part3 小组学习还是个人学习还有一个忘了考官是个中年的胖胖的大叔，喜欢点头还蛮和蔼的，有点点口音，不过都能听清楚回忆11首都经济贸易大学RM7 part1：住哪，户外游戏，绘画part2：收到的一个好消息part3：和朋友分享好消息，分享好消息的最好方式，以前分享消息是否方面，政府是否需要公示一些消息新闻回忆12教育考试效劳中心209 女考官挺和蔼面带微笑趴一hometown 住的地方交通是否便利sunny day 学校里的活动趴二wedding 关于很多wedding的问题是否经常参加婚礼wedding送什么礼物人们喜欢大型婚礼还是小的婚礼理想结婚年龄，男女对结婚要求的差异回忆13首都经济贸易大学room4 part1：work or study ,study in the morning or at afternoon,where come from,park.part2:interesting article or novel part3:根据part2的延伸问题回忆14大学room 2 趴弯住的地方sunny day flower 趴兔有创意的人趴水并不是题库上的问题。
2016年6月16日朗阁雅思写作考题回顾.doc
systematic
knowledge, society, lay a
interpersonal skills and communication skills, make great contributions foundation for, fail to integrate into society, devote time and energy on study 题目评价 教育了话题方面的旧题，话题比较熟悉，题目稍显简单，主要
朗阁海外考试研究中心 Research Academy for Foreign Language Examinations
雅思考试写作 A 类考题回顾
朗阁海外考试研究中心 唐娜星 Task 1 考试日期： 类别 题目 2016.6.16 Pie chart The pie charts show the reasons for immigrants to an European country in 2009 and reasons for immigrants from an European country in 2009. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where 题目翻译 relevant. 该饼图显示了为什么要移居欧洲的原因以及为什么要从欧洲 移出的原因。 选取主要的特征对信息进行概括，在相关的地方进行比较。 要素回忆
这是两张静态饼图
朗阁海外考试研究中心 Research Academy for Foreign Language Examinations
写作指导
1）注意时态，因为题干中有具体的时间特征词 2009，所以这 类图表就用一般过去时写作 2）可先分别描述这两张饼图的内部特点，然后去分析这两张 图表的关系
2016年6月雅思真题回忆及解析
2016年6月雅思真题回忆及解析所有的成功都来自于行动，只有付诸行动，才能一步步走向成功。
无忧考网搜集整理了2016年6月雅思真题回忆及解析，希望对大家有所帮助。
2016年6月举行了4场考试，时间分别为6月4日、6月16日、6月18日、6月25日。
以下内容仅供参考。
6月4日雅思口语真题回忆：Part 1考题总结考题总结：House & ApartmentStudy & workHometownMusic & singingEvening activities/eventsStay at homeCountryPlant / flowersNoiseWalkingHatsArt/paintingCommunicatingGiftSunny daysBirthdayAdvertisement PatienceHandcraftSciencePublic transport DancingBicyclesComputersWeekendsParkMoviesColorEmails and letters Outdoor activities MuseumTeamworkMagazine or newspaper TVSnackPart 2&3考题总结考题总结：PeopleDescribe one of your best friendsDescribe a person who has apologized to youDescribe a family member that you mostly close toDescribe a person who likes to travel by planeDescribe a person who just moved to live with youDescribe a creative person that you admireDescribe a leader who you admireDescribe a person you enjoy spending time withDescribe an old person who you admireDescribe a family that you likeObjectDescribe something that you shared with othersDescribe a piece of clothes that was given by someoneDescribe something you bought that pleasing youDescribe a program or app in your computer or phoneDescribe an old thing that you have kept for a long timeDescribe a childhood toy you likedPlaceDescribe a place you visited that has been affected by pollutionDescribe a place near water (such as a river, lake or the ocean) that you enjoy visitingDescribe an interesting public place that you like to visitDescribe a favorite park in your city (hometown)EventDescribe an activity that you do in your schoolDescribe a piece of good news that you receivedDescribe a short journey that you dislikedDescribe a wedding you have been toDescribe a situation that you got angryDescribe a mistake that you once madeDescribe an occasion that you ate a kind of food for the first time Describe a time that you had to get up earlyDescribe an happy family event from your childhoodDescribe a dinner that you had with your friendsDescribe a difficult decision that you once madeDescribe a situation (or a time) when you helped someone.Describe a recent happy event that you hadDescribe a special trip you would like to go on in the future Describe the first time you talked with someone in a foreign language Describe a time when bad weather changed your planMediaDescribe an interesting local news people are interested inDescribe an interesting story from a TV programDescribe an article that you read from a newspaper or magazineDescribe a story or a novel that was particularly interesting to you Describe a photo of yourself you have takenDescribe a song that means something special to youDescribe a photo you like in your familyOthersDescribe a big company you are interested in/want to work inDescribe an activity that you do to keep fitDescribe a perfect job that you want to have in the futureDescribe a new skill you want to learnDescribe a goal you want to achieve in the futureDescribe an interesting animalDescribe a positive change you have hadDescribe a method that helps you save moneyDescribe an interesting tradition in your countryDescribe your favorite season or time of the yearDescribe a course that you want to learnDescribe an important skill that you learned when you were a child Describe a character or personality of yoursDescribe a sport you like to try for the first time/you want to learn 雅思口语趋势分析和备考指导本次考试为6月份首次考试，本次回顾将分析例题——省钱的方法。
2016年度6月大学英语六级考试听力原文答案解析
2016年6月大学英语六级考试听力原文+答案Section ALong Conversations（长对话）Conversation OneM: So how long have you been a Market Research Consultant?W: Well, I started straight after finishing university.M: Did you study market research?W: Yeah, and it really helped me to get into the industry, but I have to say that it's more important to get experience in different types of market research to find out exactly what you're interested in.M: So what are you interested in?W: Well, at the moment, I specialize in quantitative advertising research, which means that I do two types of projects. Trackers, which are ongoing projects that look at trends or customer satisfaction over a long period of time. The only problem with trackers is that it takes up a lot of your time. But you do build up a good relationship with the client. I also do a couple of ad-hoc jobs which are much shorter projects.M: What exactly do you mean by ad-hoc jobs?W: It's basically when companies need quick answers to their questions about their consumers' habits. They just ask for one questionnaire to be sent out for example, so the time you spend on an ad-hoc project tends to be fairly short.M: Which do you prefer, trackers or ad-hoc?W: I like doing both and in fact I need to do both at the same time to keep me from going crazy. I need the variety.M: Can you just explain what process you go through with a new client? W: Well, together we decide on the methodology and the objectives of the research. I then design a questionnaire. Once the interviewers have been briefed, I send the client a schedule and then they get back to me with deadlines. Once the final charts and tables are ready, I have to check them and organize a presentation.M: Hmm, one last question, what do you like and dislike about your job? W: As I said, variety is important and as for what I don't like, it has to be the checking of charts and tables.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. Q1: What position does the woman hold in the company?Q2: What does the woman specialize in at the moment?Q3: What does the woman say about trackers?Q4: What does the woman dislike about her job?Conversation TwoW: Hello, I'm here with Frederick. Now Fred, you went to university in Canada?M: Yeah, that's right.W: OK, and you have very strong views about universities in Canada. Could you please explain?M: Well, we don't have private universities in Canada. They’re all public. All the universities are owned by the government, so there is the Ministry of Education in charge of creating the curriculum for the universities and so there is not much room for flexibility. Since it's a government operated institution, things don't move very fast. If you want something to be done, then their staff do not have so much incentive to help you because he's a worker for the government. So I don't think it's very efficient. However, there are certain advantages of public universities, such as the fees being free. You don't have to pay for your education. But the system isn't efficient, and it does not work that well.W: Yeah, I can see your point, but in the United States we have many private universities, and I think they are large bureaucracies also. Maybe people don't act that much differently, because it’s the same thing working for a private university. They get paid for their job. I don’t know if they're that much more motivated to help people. Also, we have a problem in the United States that usually only wealthy kids go to the best schools and it's kind of a problem actually.M: I agree with you. I think it's a problem because you're not giving equal access to education to everybody. It’s not easy, but having only publicuniversities also might not be the best solution. Perhaps we can learn from Japan where they have a system of private and public universities. Now, in Japan, public universities are considered to be the best.W: Right. It's the exact opposite in the United States.M: So, as you see, it's very hard to say which one is better.W: Right, a good point.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q5: What does the woman want Frederick to talk about?Q6: What does the man say about the curriculum in Canadian universities? Q7: On what point do the speakers agree?Q8: What point does the man make at the end of the conversation?Section BPassagesPassage OnePassage 1A recent International Labour Organization report says the deterioration of real wages around the world calls into question the true extent of an economic recovery, especially if government rescue packages are phased out too early.The report warns the picture on wages is likely to get worse this year, despite indications of an economic rebound. Patrick Belser, anInternational Labour Organization specialist, says declining wage rates are linked to the levels of unemployment.“The quite dramatic unemployment figures, which we now see in some of the countries, strongly suggest that there will be greater pressure on wages in the future as more people will be unemployed, more people will be looking for jobs and the pressure on employers to raise wages to attract workers will decline. So, we expect that the second part of the year will not be very good in terms of wage growth.”The report finds more than a quarter of the countries experienced flat or falling monthly wages in real terms. They include, the United States, Austria, Costa Rica, South Africa and Germany.International Labour Organization economists say some nations have come up with polices to lessen the impact of lower wages during the economic crisis. An example of these is work sharing with government subsidies. Under this scheme, the number of individual working hours is reduced in an effort to avoid layoffs. For this scheme to work, the government must provide wage subsidies to compensate for lost pay due to the shorter hours.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q9. What is the International Labor Organization report mainly about? Q10. According to an International Labor Organization specialist, how will employers feel if there are more people looking for jobs?Q11.What does the speak mean by "the work sharing scheme"?Passage TwoIs there really a magic memory pill or a herbal recall remedy? I have been frequently asked if these memory supplements work. You know, one of the first things I like to tell people when they ask me about the supplements, is that a lot of them are promoted as a cure for your memory. But your memory doesn’t need a cure. What your memory needs is a good work-out. So really those supplements aren’t going to give you that perfect memory in the way that they promise. The other thing is that a lot of these supplements aren’t necessarily what they claim to be, and you really have to be wary when you take any of them. The science isn't there behind most of them. They're not really well-regulated unless they adhere to some industry standard. You don't really know that what they say is in there, isn't there. What you must understand is that those supplements, especially in some eastern cultures, are part of a medical practice tradition. People don't just go in a local grocery store and buy these supplements. In fact, they are prescribed and they're given at a certain level, a dosage that is understood by a practitioner who's been trained. And that's not really the way they're used in this country. The other thing people do forget is that these are medicines, so they dohave an impact. A lot of times people are not really aware of the impact they have, or the fact that taking them in combination with other medications might put you at increased risk for something that you wouldn’t otherwise being countering or be at risk for.Q12. What question is frequently put to the speaker?Q13. What does the speaker say about most memory supplements?Q14. What do we learn about memory supplements in eastern cultures? Q15. What does the speaker say about memory supplements at the end?【Lectures】（讲座—）Lecture 1The negative impacts of natural disasters can be seen everywhere. In just the past few weeks, the world has witnessed the destructive powers of earthquakes in Indonesia, typhoons in the Philippines, and the destructive sea waves that struck Samoa and neighboring islands.A study by the Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters finds that, between 1980 and 2007, nearly 8,400 natural disasters killed more than two-million people. These catastrophic events caused more than $1.5 trillion in economic losses.U.N. weather expert Geoffrey Love says that is the bad news. "Over the last 50 years, economic losses have increased by a factor of 50. That sounds pretty terrible, but the loss of life has decreased by a factor of 10simply because we are getting better at warning people. We are making a difference. Extreme events, however, will continue to occur. But, the message is that they may not be disasters."Love, who is director of Weather and Disaster Risk Reduction at the World Meteorological Organization, says most of the deaths and economic losses were caused by weather, climate, or water-related extremes. These include droughts, floods, windstorms, strong tropical winds and wildfires. He says extreme events will continue. But, he says extreme events become disasters only when people fail to prepare for them."Many of the remedies are well-known. From a planning perspective, it is pretty simple. Build better buildings. Don’t build where the hazards will destroy them. From an early-warning perspective, make sure the warnings go right down to the community level. Build community action plans. ”The World Meteorological Organization points to Cuba and Bangladesh as examples of countries that have successfully reduced the loss of life caused by natural disasters by taking preventive action.It says tropical cyclones formerly claimed dozens, if not hundreds of lives, each year, in Cuba. But, the development of an early-warning system has reversed that trend. In 2008, Cuba was hit by five successive hurricanes, but only seven people were killed.Bangladesh also has achieved substantial results. Major storm surges in1970 and 1991 caused the deaths of about 440,000 people. Through careful preparation, the death toll from a super tropical storm in November 2007 was less than 3,500.Q16. What is the talk mainly about?Q17. How can we stop extreme events from turning into events?Q18. What does the example of Cuba serve to show?Lecture 2As U.S. banks recovered with the help of American government and the American taxpayers, president Obama held meetings with top bank executives, telling them it’s time to return the favor. “The way I see it are banks now having a greater obligation to the goal of a wide recovery,”he said. But the president may be giving the financial sector too much credit. “It was in a free fall, and it was a very scary period.”Economist Martin Neil Baily said. After the failure of Lehman Brothers, many of the world’s largest banks feared the worst as the collapse of the housing bubble exposed in investments in risky loans.Although he says the worst is just over, Bailey says the banking crisis is not. More than 130 US banks failed in 2009. He predicts high failure rates for smaller, regional banks in 2010 as commercial real estate loans come due."So there may actually be a worsening of credit availability to small andmedium sized businesses in the next year or so."Analysts say the biggest problem is high unemployment, which weakens demand and makes banks reluctant to lend. But US Bankcorp chief Richard Davis sees the situation differently."We're probably more optimistic than the experts might be.With that in mind, we're putting everything we can, lending is the coal to our engine, so we want to make more loans. We have to find a way to qualify more people and not put ourselves at risk."While some economists predict continued recovery in the future, Baily says the only certainty is that banks are unlikely to make the same mistakes - twice. "You know, forecasting's become a very hazardous business so I don't want to commit myself too much. I don't think we know exactly what's going to happen but it's certainly possible that we could get very slow growth over the next year or two.”If the economy starts to shrink again, Baily says it would make a strong case for a second stimulus -- something the Obama administration hopes will not be necessary.Q19. What dose president Obama hope the banks will do?Q20. What is Martin Neil Baily’s prediction about the financial situation in the future?Q21. What does U.S. Bankcorp chief Richard Davis say about its future operation?Q22. What does Martin Neil Baily think of a second stimulus to the economy?Lecture 3A new study has failed to find any conclusive evidence that lifestyle changes can prevent cognitive decline in older adults.Still there are still good reasons to make positive changes in how we live and what we eat as we age.Cognitive decline is the loss of ability to learn new skills, or recall words, names, and faces that is most common as we age. To reduce or avoid it, researchers have examined the effect of smoking, diet, brain-challenging games, exercise and other strategies.Researchers at Duke University scrutinized more than 160 published studies and found an absence of strong evidence that any of these approaches can make a big difference.Co-author James Burke helped design the study. "In the observational studies we found that some of the B vitamins were beneficial." said. "Exercise, diet, cognitive stimulation showed some positive effects, although the evidence was not so strong that we could actually consider these firmly established."Some previous studies have suggested that challenging your brain with mentally stimulating activities might help. And Burke said that actuallydoes seem to help, based on randomized studies - the researcher's gold standard."Cognitive stimulation is one of the areas where we did find some benefit. The exact type of stimulation that an individual uses is not as important as being intellectually engaged,".The expert review also found insufficient evidence to recommend any drugs or dietary supplements that could prevent or slow cognitive decline.However, given that there is at least some evidence for positive effects from some of these lifestyle changes, plus other benefits apparently unrelated to cognitive decline, Burke offered some recommendations. "I think that by having people adopt a healthy lifestyle, both from a medical standpoint as well as nutritional and cognitive stimulation standpoint, that we can reduce the incidence of cognitive decline, which will be proof that these factors are, in fact, important."James Burke of Duke University is one of the authors of a study reviewing previous research on cognitive decline. The paper is published online by the Annals of Internal Medicine.Q23. According to the speaker, what might be a symptom of cognitive decline in older adult?Q24. According to James Burke, what does seem to help reduce cognitive decline?Q25. What did James Burke recommend to reduce the incidence of cognitive decline?KeysSection A1-81. D）Market research consultant2. A）Quantitative advertising research3. D）They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.4. B）Checking charts and tables.5. A）His view on Canadian universities.6. B）It is rather inflexible.7. C）Everybody should be given equal access to higher education.8. C）It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private university.9-119.B）The worsening real wage situation around the world.10.A）They will feel less pressure to raise employees’wages.11.11.C）Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.Section B12-1512. A）Whether memory supplements work.13. D）They are not on based on real science.14. D）They are prescribed by trained practitioners.15.B）T aking them with other medications might entail unnecessary risks. Section C16-1816 D）How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.17 B）By taking steps to prepare people for them.18 A）How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.19-2219 C）Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery20 B）Many smaller regional banks are going to fail21 D）It will try to provide more loans22 D）It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again23-2523 A）Being unable to learn new things.24 A）Cognitive stimulation.25 C）Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles.。
2016年6月大学英语六级考试真题听力原文及参考答案(第2套)
2016年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第2套）参考答案Part I WritingE-learning is getting more and more popular with each passing day. For example, some college students use E-learning to supplement their school curriculum; more and more corporations offer online training for their employees.Undoubtedly, e-learning has its distinctive advantages over any other type of learning. First and foremost, it is convenient and flexible since it allows users to learn at a time and place of the users’ choosing as long as they own a computer and have an Internet connection. Another major benefit of e-learning is the accessibility it provides. For instance, students can take online courses given by prestigious professors at home and abroad. In addition, e-learning is cost effective. This is especially true for corporate training, because travel and accommodation expenses for trainers and employees can be cut. However, e-learning is far from for trainers and employees can be cut. However, e-learning is far from “one size fits all”. It doesn’t fit people who lack self-discipline and have difficulty in time management. Besides, people who value face-to-face interaction with their teachers and classmates may also find online learning unsatisfactory.From my point of view, although e-learning has changed both education and corporate training, it will not replace the traditional in-class learning, but function as a complementary type of learning.Part IV TranslationShenzhen is a newly-developed city in Guangdong Province of China. It was only a fishing village of more than 30,000 people before the Reform and Opening up. In the 1980s, Chinese governmentestablished Shenzhen Special Economic Zone as the experimental plot to implement market-oriented economy with socialist features. Now, Shenzhen, with a population of over 10 million, has witnessed dramatic changes.By 2014, the per-capital GDP of Shenzhen has reached 26 thousand dollars, the level of some developed countries in the world. In terms of the overall economic power, Shenzhen is listed among the top cities in China as well. Due to its unique status, the city is also an ideal place for the entrepreneurs at home and abroad to start their businesses.Part ⅡListening Comprehension听力原文Section AQuestions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.W: So, Mike, you manage the innovation project at CucinTech.M: I did indeed.W: Well then, first, congratulations. It seems to have been very successful.M: Thanks. Yes, I really help things turn around at CucinTech.W: Was the revival in their fortunes entirely due to strategic innovation?M: Yes, yes, I think it was. CucinTech was a company who were very much following the pack, doing what everyone else was doing and getting rapidly left behind. I could see there was a lot of talent there, and some great potential, particularly in their product development. I just had to harness that somehow.W: Was innovation at the core of the project?M: Absolutely. If it doesn’t sound like too much of a cliché, our world is constantly changing and it’s changing quickly. We need to be innovating constantly to keep up with this. Stand still and you are lost.W: No stopping to sniff the roses?M: Well, I’ll do that in my personal life. Sure. But as a business strategy, I’m afraid there is no stopping.W: What exactly is strategic innovation then?M: Strategic innovation is the process of managing innovation, of making sure it takes place at all levels of the company, and that is related to the company’s overall strategy.W: I see.M: So, instead of innovation for innovation’s sake and new products being created simply because the technology is there, the company culture must switch from these pointing-time innovations to continuous pipeline of innovations from everywhere and everyone.W: How did you align strategies throughout the company?M: I soon became aware that campaigning is useless. People take no notice. Simply, it came about through good practice trickling down. This built consent. People could see it was the best way to work.W: Does innovation on the skill really give a competitive advantage?M: I am certain of it, absolutely, especially if it’s difficult for a competitor to copy. The risk is of course that innovation may frequently lead to imitation.W: But not if it’s strategic?M: Precisely.W: Thanks for talking to us.M: Sure.1. What seems to have been very successful according to the woman speaker?2. What did the company lack before the man’s scheme was implemented?3. What does the man say he should do in his business?4. What does the man say is the risk of innovation?Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.M: Today, my guest is Dayna Ivanovich who has worked for the last twenty years as an interpreter. Dayna, welcome.W: Thank you.M: Now, I’d like to begin by saying that I have on occasions used an interpreter myself as a foreign correspondent. So I am full of admiration for what you do, but I think your profession is sometimes underrated, and many people think anyone who speaks more than one language can do it.W: There aren’t any interpreters I know who don’t have professional qualifications and training. You only really get proficient after many years in the job.M: And I’m right in saying you can divide what you do into two distinct methods —simultaneous and consecutive interpreting.W: That’s right. The techniques you use are different, and a lot of interpreters will say one is easier than the other, less stressful.M: Simultaneous interpreting, putting someone’s words into another language more or less as they speak, sounds to me like the more difficult.W: Well, actually no. Most people in the business would agree that consecutive interpreting is the more stressful. You have to wait for the speaker to deliver quite a chunk of language before you then put it into the second language, which puts your short-term memory under intense stress. M: You make notes, I presume.W: Absolutely, anything like numbers, names, places have to be noted down. But the rest is never translated word for word. You have to find a way of summarizing it, so that the message is there. Turning every single word into the target language would put too much strain on the interpreter and slow down the whole process too much.M: But, with simultaneous interpreting, you start translating almost as soon as the other person starts speaking. You must have some preparation beforehand.W: Well, hopefully, the speakers will let you have an outline of the topic a day or two in advance.You have a little time to do research, prepare technical expressions and so on.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?6. What does the man think of Dayna’s profession?7. What does Dayna say about the interpreters she knows?8. What do most interpreters think of consecutive interpreting?Section BQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.Mothers have been warned for years that sleeping with their newborn infant is a bad idea, because it increases the risk that the baby might die unexpectedly during the night. But now Israeli researchers are reporting that even sleeping in the same room can have negative consequences: not for the child, but for the mother. Mothers who slept in the same room as their infants, whether in the same bed or just the same room, had poorer sleep than mothers whose babies slept elsewhere in the house: They woke up more frequently, were awake approximately 20 minutes longer per night, and had shorter periods of uninterrupted sleep. These results held true even taking into account that many of the women in the study were breast-feeding their babies. Infants, on the other hand, didn’t appear to have worse sleep whether they slept in the same or different room from their mothers. The researchers acknowledge that since the families they studied were all middle-class Israelis, it’s possible the results would be different in different cultures. Lead author, Liat Tikotzky, wrote in an email that the research team also didn’t measure fathers’ sleep, so it’s possible that their sleep patterns could also be causing the sleep disruptions for moms. Right now, to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that mothers not sleep in the same bed as their babies but sleep in the same room. The Israeli study suggests that doing so maybe best for the baby, but may take a toll on mom.9. What is the long-held view about mother sleeping with newborn babies?10. What do Israeli researchers’ findings show?11. What does the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend mothers do?Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.The US has already lost more than a third of the native languages that existed before European colonization, and the remaining 192 are classed by UNESCO as ranging between “unsafe” and “extinct”. “We need more funding and more effort to return these languages to everyday use,” says Fred Nahwoosky of the National Museum of the American Indian. “We are making progress but money needs to be spent on revitalising languages, not just documenting them.” Some 40 languages, mainly in California and Oklahoma where thousands of Indians were forced to relocate in the 19th century, have fewer than 10 native speakers. “Part of the issue is that tribal groups themselves don’t always believe their languages are endangered until they’re down to the last handful of speakers. But progress is being made through immersion schools, because ifyou teach children when they’re young it will stay with them as adults and that’s the future,” says Mr. Nahwoosky, a Comanche Indian. Such schools have become a model in Hawaii. But the islanders’ local language is still classed by UNESCO as “critically endangered” because only 1,000 people speak it. The decline in American Indian languages has historical roots: In the mid-19th century, the US government adopted a policy of Americanising Indian children by removing them from their homes and culture. Within a few generations most had forgotten their native tongues. Another challenge to language survival is television. It has brought English into homes and pushed out traditional story-telling and family time together, accelerating the extinction of native languages.12. What do we learn from the report?13. For what purpose does Fred Nahwoosky appeal for more funding?14. What is the historical cause of the decline in American Indian languages?15. What does the speaker say about television?Section CQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.Gregg Rosen lost his job as a sales manager nearly three years ago and is still unemployed.“It literally is like something in a dream, to remember what it’s like to actually be able to go out, and put in a day’s work and receive a day’s pay.”At first, Rosen bought groceries and made house payments with the help from unemployment insurance. It pays laid off workers up to half of their previous wages while they look for work. But now, that insurance has run out for him, and he has to make tough choices. He’s cut back on medications and he no longer helps support his disabled mother.It is a devastating experience.New research says the US recession is now over, but many people remain unemployed. And unemployed workers face difficult odds.There is literally only one job opening for every five unemployed workers, so four out of five unemployed workers have actually no chance of finding a new job.Businesses have downsized or shut down across America, leaving fewer job opportunities for those in search of work. Experts who monitor unemployment statistics here in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, say about 28,000 people are unemployed, and many of them are jobless due to no fault of their own.That’s where the Bucks County’s CareerLink comes in. Local director Elizabeth Walsh says they provide training and guidance to help unemployed workers find local job opportunities.“So here’s the job opening, here’s the job seeker, match them together under one roof,” she says.But the lack of work opportunities in Bucks County limits how much she can help.Rosen says he hopes Congress will take action.This month he launched the 99ers Union, an umbrella organization of 18 Internet-based grass roots groups of 99ers. Their goal is to convince lawmakers to extend unemployment benefits.But Pennsylvania State Representative Scott Petri says governments simply do not have enough money to extend unemployment insurance. He thinks the best way to help the long-term unemployed is to allow private citizens to invest in local companies that can create more jobs. But the boost in investor confidence needed for the plan to work will take time —time that Rosen says still requires him to buy food and make monthly mortgage payments.Rosen says he’ll use the last of his savings to try to hang onto the homehe worked for more than 20 years to buy. But once that money is gone, he says he doesn’t know what he’ll do.16. How does unemployment insurance help the unemployed?17. What is local director Elizabeth Walsh of the Bucks County CareerLink doing?18. What does Pennsylvania State Representative Scott Petri say is the best way to help the long-term unemployed?Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.Earlier this year, British explorer Pen Hadow and his team trekked for three months across the frozen Arctic Ocean, taking measurements and recording observations about the ice.“Well, we’d been led to believe that we would encounter a good proportion of this older, thicker, technically multi-year ice that’s been around for a few years and just gets thicker and thicker. We actually found there wasn’t any multi-year ice at all.”Satellite observations and submarine surveys over the past few years had shown less ice in the polar region, but the recent measurements show the loss is more pronounced than previously thought.“We’re looking at roughly 80 percent loss of ice cover on the Arctic Ocean in 10 years, roughly 10 years, and 100 percent loss in nearly 20 years.”Cambridge scientist Peter Wadhams, who’s been measuring and monitoring the Arctic since 1971 says the decline is irreversible.“The more you lose, the more open water is created, the more warming goes on in that open water during the summer, the less ice forms in the winter, the more melt there is the following summer. It becomes a breakdown process where everything ends up accelerating until it’s all gone.”Martin Sommerkorn runs the Arctic program for the environmental charity—the World Wildlife Fund.“The Arctic sea ice holds a central position in the Earth’s climate system and it’s deteriorating faster than expected. Actually, it has to translate into more urgency to deal with the climate change problem and reduce emissions.”Summerkorn says a plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions blamed for global warming needs to come out of the Copenhagen climate change summit in December.“We have to basically achieve there, the commitment to deal with the problem now. That’sthe minimum. We have to do that equitably and we have to find a commitment that is quick.”Wadhams echoes the need for urgency.“The carbon that we’ve put into the atmosphere keeps having a warming effect for 100 years, so we have to cut back rapidly now, because it will take a long time to work its way through into a response by the atmosphere. We can’t switch off global warming just by being good in the future. We have to start being good now.”Wadhams says there is no easy technological fix to climate change. He and other scientists say there are basically two options to replacing fossil fuels, generating energy with renewables, or embracing nuclear power.19. What did Pen Hadow and his team do in the Arctic Ocean?20. What does the report say about the Arctic region?21. What does Cambridge scientist Peter Wadhams say in his study?22. How does Peter Wadhams view climate change?Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.From a very early age, some children exhibit better self-control than others. Now, a new study that began with about 1,000 children in New Zealand has tracked how a child’s low self-control can predict poor health, money troubles and even a criminal record in their adult years. Researchers have been studying this group of children for decades now. Some of their earliest observations have to do with the level of self-control the youngsters displayed. Parents, teachers, even the kids themselves, scored the youngsters on measures like “acting before thinking” and “persistence in reaching goals”. The children of the study are now adults in their thirties. Terry Moffitt of Duke University and her research colleagues found that kids with self-control issues tended to grow up to become adults with far more troubling set of issues to deal with.“The children who had the lowest self-control when they were aged three to ten, later on had the most health problems in their thirties and they had the worst financial situation and they were more likely to have a criminal record, and to be raising a child as a single parent on a very low income.”Speaking from New Zealand via Skype, Moffitt explained that self-control problems were widely observed, and weren’t just a feature of a small group of misbehaving kids.“Even the children who had above-average self-control as preschoolers could have benefited from more self-control training. They could have improved their financial situation and their physical and mental health situation thirty years later.”So, children with minor self-control problems were likely as adults to have minor health problems, and so on. Moffitt said it’s still unclear why some children have better self-control than others, though she says other researchers have found that it’s mostly a learned behavior, with relatively little genetic influence. But good self-control can be set to run in families in that children who have good self-control are more likely to grow up to be healthy and prosperous parents.“Whereas some of the low self-control study members are more likely to be single parents with a very low income and the parent is in poor health and likely to be a heavy substance abuser. So that’s not a good atmosphere for a child. So it looks as though self-control is something that in one generation can disadvantage the next generation.”But the good news is that Moffitt says self-control can be taught by parents, and through school curricula that have proved to be effective.Terry Moffitt’s paper on “The Link Between Childhood Self-control and Adults’ Status Decades Later” is published in the proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.23. What is the new study about?24. What does the study seem to show?25. What does Moffitt say is the good news from their study?This is the end of listening comprehension。
2016年6月六级听力真题及答案
Conversation One:W: So Mike, youmanaged the innovation project at Two Santack.M: I did indeed.W: Well then, first congratulations. It seemsto have been very successful.M: Thanks, yes. I really help things turnaround at Two Santact.W: What is the revival in their fortune? Didit highly do to a strategic situation?M: Yes, yes I think it was. Santack was a company was much following a pack, doingeveryone else was doing. I getting rapidly left behind. I could see there werea lot of talent there and some great potential. Particularly in their productdevelopment. I just harness that some help.W: Was the innovation the core of the project?M: Absolutely, if it doesn’t sound like too much cliché. Our world isconstantly changing and changing quickly. Mini to be innovating constantly tokeep up with this. Standstill, you stop.W: No stop for sneaking the roses?M: Well, I will do that my personal life sure.But as a business strategy, I’m afraid there is nostopping.W: What exactly is the strategic innovationthen?M: Strategic innovation is the process ofmanaging innovation of making sure to take place all levels of the company andthat is related to the company’s overall strategy.W: I see.M: So, insteadof innovation for innovation sake and new products being simply because of thetechnology is there, the company culture must switch from these pointing timeinnovations to continue high innovation from everywhere and everyone.W: How did you alliance strategy throughoutthe company?M: I soon became aware of the complaintuseless. People take no notice. Simply it came about through the practicetrickling down. This up and set. People could see it was the best work.W: Does innovation on a scale really givecompetitive advantage?M: I am certainof it. Absolutely. Especially it was difficult for a copy. The risk is the corethat the innovation to limitation.W: But now is it strategic?M: precisely.W: Thanks for talking to us.M: Sure.1. Whatseems to have been very successful according to the woman speaker?2. Whatdid the company lack before the company was implemented?3. Whatdid the man say he should do in his business?4. Whatdoes the man say is the risk of the innovation?Longconversation 2M:Todaymy guest is Dana who has worked for thelast twenty years as aninterpreter. Dana, welcome.W:ThankYou.M:Now,I’d like to begin by saying that I haveon the occasions used an interpretermyself as a foreign correspondent.So I’mfull of memo rations for what youdo.6. But Ithink your profession is sometimes underrated and many people thinkanyone whospeaks more than one language can do it.W:Thereare any interpreters I know who don’thave professional qualifications andtraining. You only really get profession aftermany years in the job.M:Andsay you can divide what you do into twodistinct methods simultaneous andconsecutive interpreting.W:That’sright.7.The techniques you use aredifferent.And a lot of interpreters wouldsay one is easier than the other,less stressful.M:Simultaneousinterpreting, putting someone’swords into another language more or less asthey speak, sounds to me like themore difficult.W:Well,actually no.8.Mostpeople in the business would agree that consecutiveinterpreting is the morestressful. You have to wait for the speaker to deliverquite a chunk of languagebefore you then put it into the second language whichputs your short termmemory under in tense stress.M:Youmight know presumably?W:Absolutely.Anythinglike numbers, names,places have to be noted down, but the rest is nevertranslated word for word. You have found theway of summarizing it. So that themessages arethere, turning every single wordinto the target language wouldput too much strain on the interpreter and slowdown the whole process toomuch.M:Butwhile simultaneous interpreting you starttranslating almost as soon as theother person starts speaking, you must havesome preparation beforehand.W:Well,hopefully, the speakers will outline ofthe topic a day or two in advance, youhave a low time to do research preparetechnical expressions and so onQ:5.Whatare the speakers mainly talking about?6.Whatdoesthe man think of Dana’s profession?7.WhatisDana say about the interpreters she knows?8.Whatdo most of interpreters think ofconsecutive interpreting?Section BPassage 1Mothers have been warnedfor yearsthat sleeping with their new born infant isa bad idea because it increases the risk that the baby might die unexpectedlyduring the night.But now Israeli researchers arereporting that even sleeping in the same room canhave negative consequences, not for the child, but for the mother.Mothers who slept in the same room with their infants, whether inthe same bed or just the same room, have poor sleep the mother whose baby sleptelse where in the house. They woke up more frequently or awake approximately 20minutes longer per night and have shorter period of uninterrupted sleep. Theseresults how true even taking into account that many of the women in the studywere breast-feeding their babies. Infants, on the other hand, didn’t appear tohave worse sleep whether they slept in the same or different room from theirmothers. The researchers acknowledge that since the families they studied wereall middle classes Israelis. It is possible that the results will be differentin different cultures. Lead author TTTT wrote in an email that the researchteam also didn’t measure father sleep. So it is possible that patterns couldalso be causing the sleep disruptions for mums. Right now, to reduce the riskof sudden infant death in the room, the AmericanAcademy of PDrecommends the mothers not sleep in the same bed with their babies, but sleepin the same room. The Israeli study suggests thatdoing so, may be best for the baby, but may take at all on mum.9What is the long health viewabout the mother sleeping with new-born babies?10 What do Israeli researchers’ findings show?11What does the American Academy’s PD recommendmothers do?Passage2Passage2The US has already lost more than a third of thenative languages that existed before European colonization and the remaining192 are classed by the UNESCO as ranging between unsafe and extinct."We need more funding and more effortto return these languages to everyday use," says Fred Nowosky of theNational museum of the American Indians, "we are makingprogress, but money needs to be spent on revitalizing languages, not justdocumenting them." Some reported languages mainly in California andOklahoma where thousands of Indians were forced to relocate in the 19th centuryhave fewer than 10 native speakers. Part of the issue is that tribal groupsthemselves don't always believe their languages are endangered until they aredown to the last handful of speakers. "But progress is being made throughemerging schools, because if you teach children when they are young, it willstay with them as adults and that is the future." says Fred Nowosky. Suchschools have become a model in Hawaii, but the islanders' native language arestill classed by the UNESCO as critically endangered because only 1000 peoplespeak it. The decline in the American African languages has historical roots. In the mid 19th century, the US government adopted a policyof Americanizing Indian children by removing them from their homes andcultures. Within a few generations, most have forgotten their native tongues.Another challenge to language survival is television. Ithas brought English into homes, and pushed out traditional storytelling andfamily time together, accelerating the extinction of native languages.Questions 12-15 are based on the passage you just heard.12. What can we learn from the report?13. For what purpose does Fred Nowosky appeal from thefunding?14. What is the historical cause of the decline of theAmerican Indian Languages?15. What does the speaker say about television?Section CLecture oneGragroszen lost her job as a sales managernearly three years ago.and it is still unemployed.it is literally likesomething a dream to remember what it is like to actually be able to go out andit Puts the days to work and receive a day payAt first Rosen made house paymentswith the help unemployment insurance.it pays late of workers to have theirprevious wages law they look for work. But now theinsurance has run out for him and it has to make tough choices. He comes backon medications and he no longer support his disabled mother. It is devastatingexperiences. New researchers says the US recession that is now over. But manypeople remain unemployed and unemployed workers face difficult odds. There isliterally only one job opening for every five unemployed workers. So Four outof five workers have no chance of finding job. Business have down-sized orshutdown across America, leading fewer job opportunities for those in search of work. Experts whomonitor unemployed statistic in box Pennsylvania say about twenty-eightthousand people are unemployed and many of them are jobless do to no force oftheir own.Local directer Elizabeth says theyprovide trading guidance to help find local job opportunity. Sohere is job opening . Here is job seeker. But the lack of work opportunities limit how much she can help. Rosensays he hopes congress will take action.This month, he launched the nineteenunions and organizations of eighteen internet based grass root gross groupsTheir goal is to convince law makers to extendunemployed benefits. But Pennsylvania says government simply do not have enoughmoney to extend unemployment insurance.he thinks thebest way to help long-term unemployed is to allow local company that can createmore jobs . But the boost investigator for the plan to work will taketime Time that Rosen says requires fooda n d p a y m e n t s . R o s e n s a y s w h o u s e s t h e l a s t s t a t i n g t o t r y t o h a n g o n t o h e w o r k e d f o r m o r e t h a n t w e n t y y e a r s t o b u y . B u t o n e s t u d y i s g o n e . H e d o e s n t k n o w w h a t h e l l d o b r b d s f i d = " 1 4 4 " > b r b d s f i d = " 1 4 5 " > 1 6 - 1 8 b r b d s f i d = " 1 4 6 " > 1 6 h o w d o e s t h e u n e m p l o y m e n t i n s u r a n c e h e l p t h e u n e m p l o y e d ? b r b d s f i d = " 1 4 7 " > 1 7 . W h a t i s t h e l o c a l d i r e c t o r E l i z a b e t h o f t h e b o x c o u n t y c a r e e r i n g d o i n g ? b r b d s f i d = " 1 4 8 " > 1 8 . W h a t d o e s P e n n s y l v a n i a s t a t e r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a y i s t h e b e s t w a y t o h e l p l o n g - t e r m u n e m p l o y e d ? b r b d s f i d = " 1 4 9 " > L e c t u r e 2 : b r bd s f i d = " 1 5 0 " > W : 1 9 . E a r l ie r t h i s y e a r , B r i t i s h e x p l o r e r s P e n H u d d l e a n d h i s t e a m t r i e d t h r ee m o n t h s t o c r o s s t h ef r o z e n A r c t i c o c e a n t a k i ng m e a s u r e m e n t s a n d r e c o r d i n g o b s e r v a t i o n s a b o u t th ei c e . b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 1 " > M : W h i l e w e h a v e b e e n b e l i e v e d t h a t w e w o u l d b e i n a c c o u n t o f a g o o d p r o p o r t i o n o f t h i s o l d e r , t h i c k e r , t e c h n i c a l l y m u l t i - y e a r i c e t h a t h a s b e e n a r o u n d f o r a f e w y e a r s a n dj u s t g e t t h i ck e r a n d t h i c k e r . w e a c t u al l y f i n d t h e r e w a s n t a n ym u l t i - y e a r i c e a t a l l . b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 2 " > W : S o m e o b s e r v a t i on s a n d s u m m e r i n g s e r v i c eo v e r t h ep a s t s e v e r a l y e a r s h a s s h o w n l e s s i c e i n t h e p o l a r r e g i o n . 2 0 . B u t t h e r e c e n t m e a s u r e m e n t s s h o w t h e l o s t i s m o r e p r o n o u n c e d t h a n t h e p r e v i o u s t h o u g h t . b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 3 " > M : W e a r e l o o k i n g a t r o u g h l y 8 0 p e r c e n t l o s s o f i c e c o v e r o n t h e A r c t i c o c e a n i n t e n y e a r s , r o u g h l y t e n y e a r s a n d 1 0 0 p e r c e n t l o s s i n n e a r l y t w e n t y y e a r s . C a m b r i d g e S c i e n t i s t P e t e r W h i t e n s w h o i s m e a s u r i n g t h e f i n d i n g s t h a t i n t h e s u m m e r s e a s o n . 2 1 . B u t r e s e a r c h m a n a g e m e n t s h o w s t h e l o s t o f t h a n p r e v i o u s t h o u g h t . W e a r e r o u g h l y l o o k i n g a t t h e p e r c e n t i c e c o v e r f o r t e n y e a r s . r o u g h l y t e n y e a r s a b o u t 1 0 0 p e r c e n t i n v i s i b l e . T h e m o r e y o u l o s e , t h e m o r e y o u c r e a t e d d u r i n g t h e s u m m i t T h e l e s s f o r m s i n w i n t e r , t h e f o l l o w i n g i n s u m m e r . I t c o m e s d o w n b r a i n s u c c e s s e s u n t i l i t h a s g o n e . e n v i r o n m e n t a l t r e a t y w o r l d w i d e l i k e f u n . T h e a r t i s t s s a y i c e i n t h e s y m p t o m . f a s t t h a n e x p e c t e d . A c t u a l l y , i t h a s t o t r a n s l a t e i n t o m o r e u r g e n c y t o d e a l w i t h c l i m a t e c h a n g i n g p r o b l e m s a n d r e d u c e e m i s s i o n s . G r e e n h o u s e e m i s s i o n s b l a m e f o r g l o b a l w a r m i n g n e e d s t o c o m e o u t t h e b y t h e c h a n g e s u m m i t i n D e c e m b e r . w e h a v e b a s i c a l l y a c h i e v e d t h e r e , t o c o m m u n i c a t e t h e d e a l . t h a t s t h e m i n i m u m . b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 4 " > M : W e h a s t o d o t h a t i n c r e d i b l y . A n d t h a t w e h a v e t o f i n d t h e eq u i p m e n t . W h a t t h e n e e d s ur g e n c y T h e c a r b o n w e p r o d u c e i n t o t h e a t m os p h e r e k e e p st h e w a r m i n g f i r e f o r 1 0 0 0 y e a r s . 2 2 . S o w e h a v e t o c o m e b a c k t h e r a p i d l y n o w . B e c au s e i t t a k e s a l o n g t i m e t o w o r k i t t h r o u g h i n t o o u r r e s p o n s e b y t h e a t m o s p h e r e . W e c a n n o t s w i t c h o f f g l o b a l w a r m i n g . W e h av e t o s t o p b e i n g g o o d i n t h e n e a r f u t u r e . W e h a d t o n ow . T h e r e i s n o t e a s y t e c h n o l o g i c a l W h a t i s m o r e e a s y t o c l i m a t e c h a n g e . H e a n d o t h e r s c i e n t i s t s s a i d t h e r e a r e t h e t w o o p t i o n a l t o r e p l a c e t h e f a s t e n f u e l s . G e n e r a l l y , e n e r g y w i t h t h e g l o b a l w a r m i n g i n n u c l e a r p o w e r . b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 5 " > Q 1 9 : W h a t d i d P e n H u d d l e a n d h i s t e a m d o i n t h e A r c t i c O c e a n ? b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 6 " > Q 2 0 : W h a t d o e s t h e r e p o r t s a y a b o u t t h e A r c t i c r e g i o n ? b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 7 " > Q 2 1 : W h a t d o e s C a m b r i d g e s c i e n t i s t P e t e r W h i t e n s s a y i n h i s s t u d y ? b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 8 " > Q 2 2 : H o w t h e s e P e t e r W h i t e n s v i e w c o m m o n c h a n g e ?b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 9 " > L ec t u r e 3 b r bd s f i d = " 1 6 0 " > F r o m a ve r y e a r l y a g e , s o m e c h i l d r e n e x h i b i t b e t t e r s e lf - c o n t r o l t h a n o t h e r s . N o w , a n e w s t u d y b eg a n w i th 1 , 0 0 0 c hi l d r e n i n N e w Z e a l a n d t r a c k e d h o w l o w s e l f - c o n t r o l c a n p r e d i c t p o o r h e a l t h , m o n e y t r o u b l e s a n d e v e n a c r i m i n a l r e c o r d i n t h e i r a d u l t y e a r s . R e s e a r c h e r s h a s b e e n s t u d y i n g t h e g r o u p o f c h i l d r e n f o r d e c a d e s n o w . S o m e o f t h e e a r l y o b s e r v a t i o n s h a v e t o d o w i t h t h e l e v e l o f s e l f - c o n t r o l t h e y o u n g s t e r s d i s p l a y e d p a r e n t s , t e a c h e r s , e v e n t h e k i d s t h e m s e l v e s , s c o r e d t h e y o u n g s t e r s o n m e a s u r e s l i k e " a c t i n g b e f o r e t h i n k i n g " a n d " p e r s i s t e n c e i n r e a c h i n g g o a l s . " T h e c h i l d r e n o f t h e s t u d y a r e n o w a d u l t s i n t h e i r t h i r t i e s . T e r r i e M o f f i t t o f D u k e U n i v e r s i t y a n d h e r r e s e a r c h c o l l e a g u e f o u n d t h a t k i d s w i t h s e l f - c o n t r o l i s s u e s t e n d e d t o g r o w u p t o b e c o m e a d u l t s w i t h a f a r m o r e t r o u b l i n g s e t o f i s s u e s t o d e a l w i t h . " T h e c h i l d r e n w h o h a d t h e l o w e s t s e l f - c o n t r o l w h e n t h e y w e r e a g e t h r e e t o 1 0 , l a t e r o n h a d t h e m o s t h e a l t h p r o b l e m s i n t h e i r t h i r t i e s , " M o f f i t t s a i d , " a n d t h e y h a d t h e w o r s t f i n a n c i a l s i t u a t i o n . T h e y w e r e m o r e l i k e l y t o h a v e a c r i m i n a l r e c o r d a n d t o b e r a i s i n g a c h i l d a s a s i n g l e p a r e n t o n a v e r y l o w i n c o m e . " " E v e n t h e c h i l d r e n w h o h a d a b o v e - a v e r a g e s e l f - c o n t r o l a s p r e - s c h o o l e r s , c o u l d h a v e b e n e f i t e d f r o m m o r e s e l f - c o n t r o l t r a i n i n g . T h e y c o u l d h a v e i m p r o v e d t h e i r f i n a n c i a l s i t u a t i o n a n d t h e i r p h y s i c a l a n d m e n t a l h e a l t h s i t u a t i o n 3 0 y e a r s l a t e r . " S o , c h i l d r e n w i t h m i n o r s e l f - c o n t r o l p r o b l e m s w e r e l i k e l y a s a d u l t s t o h a v e m i n o r h e a l t h p r o b l e m s , a n d s o o n . M o f f i t t s a i d i t ' s s t i l l u n c l e a r w h y s o m e c h i l d r e n h a v e b e t t e r s e l f - c o n t r o l t h a n o t h e r s , t h o u g h o t h e r r e s e a r c h e r s h a v e f o u n d t h a t i t ' s m o s t l y a l e a r n e d b e h a v i o r , w i t h r e l a t i v e l y l i t t l e g e n e t i c i n f l u e n c e . B u t g o o d s e l f - c o n t r o l c a n r u n i n f a m i l i e s b e c a u s e c h i l d r e n w i t h g o o d s e l f - c o n t r o l a r e m o r e l i k e l y t o g r o w u p t o b e h e a l t h y a n d p r o s p e r o u s p a r e n t s . " W h e r e a s s o m e o f t h e l o w - s e l f - c o n t r o l s t u d y m e m b e r s a r e m o r e l i k e l y t o b e s i n g l e p a r e n t s w i t h a v e r y l o w i n c o m e a n d t h e p a r e n t i s i n p o o r h e a l t h a n d l i k e l y t o b e a h e a v y s u b s t a n c e a b u s e r , " s a i d M o f f i t t . " S o t h a t ' s n o t a g o o d a t mo s p h e r e f o r a c h i l d . S o i t l o o k s a s t h o u g h s e l f - c o n t r o l i s s o m e t h i n g t h a t i n o n e g e n e r a t i o n c a n d i s a d v a n t a g e t h e n e x t g e n e r a t i o n . " B u t t h e g o o d n e w s , a c c o r d i n g t o M o f f i t t , i s t h a t s e l f - c o n t r o l c a n b e t a u g h t b y p a r e n t s , a n d t h r o u g h s c h o o l c u r r i c u l a t h a t h a v e b e e n s h o w n t o b e e f f e c t i v e . B u t t h e g o o d n e w s i s t h e M o f f i t t s a y s t h a t s e l f - c o n t r o l c a n b e t a u g h t b y t h e p a r e n t s a n d t h r o u g h s c h o o l c u r r i c u l a t h a t h a v e p r o v e d t o b e e f f e c t i v e . T e r r y M o f f i t t s p a p e r o n t h e l i n k o n s e l f - c o n t r o l a n d a d u l t s t a t u s i s l a t e r i s p u b l i s h e d p r o c e e d i n g t h e a c a d e m y o f s c i e n c e s . b r b d s f i d = " 1 6 1 " > 2 3 . W h a t i s t h e n e w s t u d y a b o u t ? b r b d s f i d = " 1 6 2 " > 2 4 . W h a t d o e s t h e s t u d y s e e m t o s h o w ? b r b d s f i d = " 1 6 3 " > 2 5 . W h a t d o e s M o f f i t t s a y i s t h e g o o d n e w s t o t h e s t u d y ? / d i v > d i v i d = " f l o a t _ b t n " b d s f i d = " 1 6 4 " > b u t t o n c l a s s = " f l o a t _ b t n l e f t _ b t n " i d = " c o p y _ b u t t o n " d a t a - c l i p b o a r d - a c t i o n = " c o p y " d a t a - c l i p b o a r d - t a r g e t = " # c o n t e n t - t x t " o n c l i c k = "d o _ c o p y ( ) ; " b d s f i d = " 1 6 5 " >e m c l a s s = " i c o n " b d sf i d = " 1 6 6 " >。
剑桥雅思16卷子答案
剑桥雅思16卷子答案01 PART1Children’s Engineering Workshops题目背景：一位男士为自己的两名女儿咨询在学校假期可以参加的workshops。
1. egg - work together to design a special cover that goes around an egg, …2. tower - they have a competition to see who can make the highest tower….3. car -to design and build a car that attach to a ballon …4. animals - they work out how to build model vehicles, things like cars and trucks but also how to construct animals using the same source of material and technique and they learn how they can program them and make them move5. bridge - With the Junior Engineers, it’s to use recycled materials like card and wood to build a bridgeand the longest one get the prize.6. movie …to think of an idea for a five minute movie and then film it using special animation software.7. decorate -…and then they also build a robot in the shape of a human and they decorate it and program it so that they can move its arms and legs. (三个动词并列，空格前后分别为build和program两个动词，因此空格填入同样为动词的decorate- 注意空格前后并列成分）、8. Wednesdays- ..and are the classes on the Monday too? They use to be （曾经是在周一） but (注意转折词） we found that it didn’t give our staff enough time to clear up after the first workshop, so we moved them to Wednesdays.9. Fradston e- They are in building 10A. There is a big sign on the door. You can’t miss it and that’s on Fradstone Industrial Estate, Fradstone, that’s F-r-a-d-s-t-o-n-e. 10. parking - Will I have any parking problems there? No, there is aways plenty available.02 PART 211. C. Stevenson is quite an old company. Like me the founder Ronald Stevenson went into the steel industry when he left school. That was in 1923 . (注意1923这个时间是公司创建者进入钢铁行业的时间，不是创建公司的时间） He settled this company when he finished his apprenticeship in 1926 . （1926是公司创建日期）Although he actually started making plans two years early in 1924 . (1924就开始筹备了）12. A. 这个题目很tricky，要看如何理解Originally这个词，按照词典解释Originally：used to describe the situation that existed at the beginning of a particular period or activity, especially before sth was changed 原来；起初也就是题目问的是原本,最初Stevenson是经营什么的。
2016年6月真题答案
2016年6月真题试卷附答案和解析(第2套) 写作参考答案People nowadays use social networking sites very frequently, such as Weibo and Wechat, which have made us more connected than ever. Yet for all this close contact, we are becoming more socially awkward. The harm of replacing real-life contact with virtual conversation, in my opinion, involves two aspects: it made us put on masks and hold up shields.In a virtual world, we tend to create an image that rarely looks like us. We post messages or pictures to show we are humorous, with a good taste, and living a fabulous life. As a result, we fail to present our real self and dare not to be ourselves. Another unpleasant thing about virtual conversation is that it encourages unimaginable violence of language. The Internet has become a shield in many ways，exempting us from the consequence we should take responsibility for even though we make dreadful and malicious comments sometimes. This undoubtedly mins the quality of social interaction that we need as human beings.All in all, if we spend too much time interacting virtually, we will dedicate little effort to real-world bonding. Consequently, our interpersonal relationship weakens gradually, and we will end up with unprecedented alienation.【解析】本题讨论的是“虚拟社交越来越频繁．真实社交却越来越贫乏”这一社会现象，考生需要阐述这一问题将导致的结果。
2016年6月大学英语六级考试听力原文+答案
2016年6月大学英语六级考试听力原文+答案Section ALong Conversations（长对话）Conversation OneM: So how long have you been a Market Research Consultant?W: Well, I started straight after finishing university.M: Did you study market research?W: Yeah, and it really helped me to get into the industry, but I have to say that it's more important to get experience in different types of market research to find out exactly what you're interested in.M: So what are you interested in?W: Well, at the moment, I specialize in quantitative advertising research, which means that I do two types of projects. Trackers, which are ongoing projects that look at trends or customer satisfaction over a long period of time. The only problem with trackers is that it takes up a lot of your time. But you do build up a good relationship with the client. I also do a couple of ad-hoc jobs which are much shorter projects. M: What exactly do you mean by ad-hoc jobs?W: It's basically when companies need quick answers to their questions about their consumers' habits. They just ask for one questionnaire to be sent out for example, so the time you spend on an ad-hoc project tends to be fairly short.M: Which do you prefer, trackers or ad-hoc?W: I like doing both and in fact I need to do both at the same time to keep me from going crazy. I need the variety.M: Can you just explain what process you go through with a new client?W: Well, together we decide on the methodology and the objectives of the research. I then design a questionnaire. Once the interviewers have been briefed, I send the client a schedule and then they get back to me with deadlines. Once the final charts and tables are ready, I have to check them and organize a presentation.M: Hmm, one last question, what do you like and dislike about your job?W: As I said, variety is important and as for what I don't like, it has to be the checking of charts and tables.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q1: What position does the woman hold in the company?Q2: What does the woman specialize in at the moment?Q3: What does the woman say about trackers?Q4: What does the woman dislike about her job?Conversation TwoW: Hello, I'm here with Frederick. Now Fred, you went to university in Canada?M: Yeah, that's right.W: OK, and you have very strong views about universities in Canada. Could you please explain?M: Well, we don't have private universities in Canada. They’re all public. All the universities are owned by the government, so there is the Ministry of Education in charge of creating the curriculum for the universities and so there is not much room for flexibility. Since it's a government operated institution, things don't move very fast. If you want something to be done, then their staff do not have so much incentive to help you because he's a worker for the government. So I don't think it's very efficient. However, there are certain advantages of public universities, such as the fees being free. You don't have to pay for your education. But the system isn't efficient, and it does not work that well.W: Yeah, I can see your point, but in the United States we have many private universities, and I think they are large bureaucracies also. Maybe people don't act that much differently, because it’s the same thing working for a private university. They get paid for their job. I don’t know if they're that much more motivated to help people. Also, we have a problem in the United States that usually only wealthy kids go to the best schools and it's kind of a problem actually.M: I agree with you. I think it's a problem because you're not giving equal access to education to everybody. It’s not easy, but having only public universities also might not be the best solution. Perhaps we can learn from Japan where they have a system of private and public universities. Now, in Japan, public universities are considered to be the best.W: Right. It's the exact opposite in the United States.M: So, as you see, it's very hard to say which one is better.W: Right, a good point.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q5: What does the woman want Frederick to talk about?Q6: What does the man say about the curriculum in Canadian universities?Q7: On what point do the speakers agree?Q8: What point does the man make at the end of the conversation?Section BPassagesPassage OnePassage 1A recent International Labour Organization report says the deterioration of real wages around the world calls into question the true extent of an economic recovery, especially if government rescue packages are phased out too early.The report warns the picture on wages is likely to get worse this year, despite indications of an economic rebound. Patrick Belser, an International LabourOrganization specialist, says declining wage rates are linked to the levels of unemployment.“The quite dramatic unemployment figures, which we now see in some of the countries, strongly suggest that there will be greater pressure on wages in the future as more people will be unemployed, more people will be looking for jobs and the pressure on employers to raise wages to attract workers will decline. So, we expect that the second part of the year will not be very good in terms of wage growth.”The report finds more than a quarter of the countries experienced flat or falling monthly wages in real terms. They include, the United States, Austria, Costa Rica, South Africa and Germany.International Labour Organization economists say some nations have come up with polices to lessen the impact of lower wages during the economic crisis. An example of these is work sharing with government subsidies. Under this scheme, the number of individual working hours is reduced in an effort to avoid layoffs. For this scheme to work, the government must provide wage subsidies to compensate for lost pay due to the shorter hours.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q9. What is the International Labor Organization report mainly about?Q10. According to an International Labor Organization specialist, how will employers feel if there are more people looking for jobs?Q11.What does the speak mean by "the work sharing scheme"?Passage TwoIs there really a magic memory pill or a herbal recall remedy? I have been frequently asked if these memory supplements work. You know, one of the first things I like to tell people when they ask me about the supplements, is that a lot of them are promoted as a cure for your memory. But your memory doesn’t need a cure. What your memory needs is a good work-out. So re ally those supplements aren’t going to give you that perfect memory in the way that they promise. The other thing is that a lot of these supplements aren’t necessarily what they claim to be, and you really have to be wary when you take any of them. The science isn't there behind most of them. They're not really well-regulated unless they adhere to some industry standard. You don't really know that what they say is in there, isn't there. What you must understand is that those supplements, especially in some eastern cultures, are part of a medical practice tradition. People don't just go in a local grocery store and buy these supplements. In fact, they are prescribed and they're given at a certain level, a dosage that is understood by a practitioner who's been trained. And that's not really the way they're used in this country. The other thing people do forget is that these are medicines, so they do have an impact. A lot of times people are not really aware of the impact they have, or the fact that taking them in combination with other medications might put you at increased risk for something that you wouldn’t otherwise being countering or be at risk for.Q12. What question is frequently put to the speaker?Q13. What does the speaker say about most memory supplements?Q14. What do we learn about memory supplements in eastern cultures?Q15. What does the speaker say about memory supplements at the end?【Lectures】（讲座—）Lecture 1The negative impacts of natural disasters can be seen everywhere. In just the past few weeks, the world has witnessed the destructive powers of earthquakes in Indonesia, typhoons in the Philippines, and the destructive sea waves that struck Samoa and neighboring islands.A study by the Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters finds that, between 1980 and 2007, nearly 8,400 natural disasters killed more than two-million people. These catastrophic events caused more than $1.5 trillion in economic losses. U.N. weather expert Geoffrey Love says that is the bad news. "Over the last 50 years, economic losses have increased by a factor of 50. That sounds pretty terrible, but the loss of life has decreased by a factor of 10 simply because we are getting better at warning people. We are making a difference. Extreme events, however, will continue to occur. But, the message is that they may not be disasters."Love, who is director of Weather and Disaster Risk Reduction at the World Meteorological Organization, says most of the deaths and economic losses were caused by weather, climate, or water-related extremes. These include droughts, floods, windstorms, strong tropical winds and wildfires.He says extreme events will continue. But, he says extreme events become disasters only when people fail to prepare for them."Many of the remedies are well-known. From a planning perspective, it is pretty simple. Build better buildings. Don’t build where the hazards will destroy them. F rom an early-warning perspective, make sure the warnings go right down to the community level. Build community action plans. ”The World Meteorological Organization points to Cuba and Bangladesh as examples of countries that have successfully reduced the loss of life caused by natural disasters by taking preventive action.It says tropical cyclones formerly claimed dozens, if not hundreds of lives, each year, in Cuba. But, the development of an early-warning system has reversed that trend. In 2008, Cuba was hit by five successive hurricanes, but only seven people were killed. Bangladesh also has achieved substantial results. Major storm surges in 1970 and 1991 caused the deaths of about 440,000 people. Through careful preparation, the death toll from a super tropical storm in November 2007 was less than 3,500.Q16. What is the talk mainly about?Q17. How can we stop extreme events from turning into events?Q18. What does the example of Cuba serve to show?Lecture 2As U.S. banks recovered with the help of American government and the American taxpayers, president Obama held meetings with top bank executives, telling them it’s time to return the favor. “The way I see it are banks now having a greater obligation to the goal of a wide recovery,” he said. But the president may be giving the financial sector too much credit. “It was in a free fall, and it was a very scary period.” Economist Martin Neil Baily said. After the failure of Lehman Brothers, many of the world’s largest banks feared the worst as the collapse of the housing bubble exposed in investments in risky loans.Although he says the worst is just over, Bailey says the banking crisis is not. More than 130 US banks failed in 2009. He predicts high failure rates for smaller, regional banks in 2010 as commercial real estate loans come due."So there may actually be a worsening of credit availability to small and medium sized businesses in the next year or so."Analysts say the biggest problem is high unemployment, which weakens demand and makes banks reluctant to lend. But US Bankcorp chief Richard Davis sees the situation differently."We're probably more optimistic than the experts might be.With that in mind, we're putting everything we can, lending is the coal to our engine, so we want to make more loans. We have to find a way to qualify more people and not put ourselves at risk."While some economists predict continued recovery in the future, Baily says the only certainty is that banks are unlikely to make the same mistakes - twice. "You know, forecasting's become a very hazardous business so I don't want to commit myself too much. I don't think we know exactly what's going to happen but it's certainly possible that we could get very slow growth over the next year or two.”If the economy starts to shrink again, Baily says it would make a strong case for a second stimulus -- something the Obama administration hopes will not be necessary. Q19. What dose president Obama hope the banks will do?Q20. What is Martin Neil Baily’s prediction about the financial situation in the future? Q21. What does U.S. Bankcorp chief Richard Davis say about its future operation?Q22. What does Martin Neil Baily think of a second stimulus to the economy? Lecture 3A new study has failed to find any conclusive evidence that lifestyle changes can prevent cognitive decline in older adults.Still there are still good reasons to make positive changes in how we live and what we eat as we age.Cognitive decline is the loss of ability to learn new skills, or recall words, names, and faces that is most common as we age. To reduce or avoid it, researchers have examined the effect of smoking, diet, brain-challenging games, exercise and other strategies.Researchers at Duke University scrutinized more than 160 published studies and found an absence of strong evidence that any of these approaches can make a big difference.Co-author James Burke helped design the study. "In the observational studies we found that some of the B vitamins were beneficial." said. "Exercise, diet, cognitive stimulation showed some positive effects, although the evidence was not so strong that we could actually consider these firmly established."Some previous studies have suggested that challenging your brain with mentally stimulating activities might help. And Burke said that actually does seem to help, based on randomized studies - the researcher's gold standard."Cognitive stimulation is one of the areas where we did find some benefit. The exact type of stimulation that an individual uses is not as important as being intellectually engaged,".The expert review also found insufficient evidence to recommend any drugs or dietary supplements that could prevent or slow cognitive decline.However, given that there is at least some evidence for positive effects from some of these lifestyle changes, plus other benefits apparently unrelated to cognitive decline, Burke offered some recommendations."I think that by having people adopt a healthy lifestyle, both from a medical standpoint as well as nutritional and cognitive stimulation standpoint, that we can reduce the incidence of cognitive decline, which will be proof that these factors are, in fact, important."James Burke of Duke University is one of the authors of a study reviewing previous research on cognitive decline. The paper is published online by the Annals of Internal Medicine.Q23. According to the speaker, what might be a symptom of cognitive decline in older adult?Q24. According to James Burke, what does seem to help reduce cognitive decline?Q25. What did James Burke recommend to reduce the incidence of cognitive decline? KeysSection A1-81. D）Market research consultant2. A）Quantitative advertising research3. D）They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.4. B）Checking charts and tables.5. A）His view on Canadian universities.6. B）It is rather inflexible.7. C）Everybody should be given equal access to higher education.8. C）It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private university.9-119.B）The worsening real wage situation around the world.10.A）They will feel less pressure to raise employees’wages.11.11.C）Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.Section B12-1512. A）Whether memory supplements work.13. D）They are not on based on real science.14. D）They are prescribed by trained practitioners.15.B）Taking them with other medications might entail unnecessary risks. Section C16-1816 D）How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.17 B）By taking steps to prepare people for them.18 A）How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.19-2219 C）Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery20 B）Many smaller regional banks are going to fail21 D）It will try to provide more loans22 D）It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again23-2523 A）Being unable to learn new things.24 A）Cognitive stimulation.25 C）Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles.。
2016年6级真题答案解析
2016年6月英语六级真题Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the use of robots. Try to imagine what will happen when more and more robots take the place of human beings in industry as well as people's daily lives. You are requried to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A)Project organizerB)Public relations officer.C)Marketing manager.D)Market research consultant.2.A)Quantitative advertising research.B)Questionnaire design.C)Research methodology.D)Interviewer training.3.A)They are intensive studies of people’s spending habits.B)They examine relations between producers and customers.C)They look for new and effective ways to promote products.D)They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.4.A)The lack of promotion opportunity.B)Checking charts and tables.C)Designing questionnaires.D)The persistent intensity.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)His view on Canadian universities.B)His understanding of higher education.C)His suggestions for improvements in higher education.D)His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities.6.A)It is well designed.B)It is rather inflexible.C)It varies among universities.D)It has undergone great changes.7.A)The United States and Canada can learn from each other.B)Public universities are often superior to private universities.C)Everyone should be given equal access to higher education.D)Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions.8.A) University systems vary from country to country.B)Efficiency is essential to university management.C) It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private one.D) Many private university in the U.S. Are actually large bureaucracies.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A) Government’s role in resolving an economic crisis.B) The worsening real wage situation around the worldC) Indications of economic recovery in the United States.D) The impact of the current economic crisis on people’s life.10.A)They will feel less pressure to raise employees’ wages.B) They will feel free to choose the most suitable employees.C) They will feel inclined to expand their business operations.D) They will feel more confident in competing with their rivals.11.A) Employees and companies cooperate to pull through the economic crisis.B) Government and companies join hands to create hobs for the unemployed.C) Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.D) Team work will be encouraged in companies.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A) Whether memory supplements work.B) Whether herbal medicine works wonders.C) Whether exercise enhances one’s memory.D) Whether a magic memory promises success.13.A) They help the elderly more than the young.B) They are beneficial in one way or another.C) They generally do not have side effects.D) They are not based on real science.14.A)They are available at most country fairs.B)They are taken in relatively high dosage.C)They are collected or grown by farmers.D)They are prescribed by trained practitioners.15.A)They have often proved to be as helpful as doing mental exercise.B)Taking them with other medications might entail unnecessary risks.C)Their effect lasts only a short time.D)Many have benefited from them.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)How catastrophic natural disasters turn out to be to developing nations.B)How the World Meteorological Organization studies natural disasters.C)How powerless humans appear to be in face of natural disasters.D)How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.17.A)By training rescue teams for emergencies.B)By taking steps to prepare people for them.C)By changing people’s views of nature.D)By relocating people to safer places.18.A)How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.B)How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters.C)How Cubans suffer from tropical storms.D)How destructive tropical storms can be.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A)Pay back their loans to the American government.B)Provide loans to those in severe financial difficulty.C)Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery.D)Speed up their recovery from the housing bubble.20.A)Some banks may have to merge with others.B)Many smaller regional banks are going to fail.C)It will be hard for banks to provide more loans.D)Many banks will have to lay off some employees.21.A)It will work closely with the government.B)It will endeavor to write off bad loans.C)It will try to lower the interest rate.D)It will try to provide more loans.22.A)It won’t help the American economy to turn around.B)It won’t do any good to the major commercial banks.C)It will win the approval of the Obama administration.D)It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23.A)Being unable to learn new things.B)Being rather slow to make changes.C)Losing temper more and more often.D)Losing the ability to get on with others.24.A)Cognitive stimulation.B)Community activity.C)Balanced diet.D)Fresh air.25.A)Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging.B)Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life.C)Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles.D)Seeking advice from doctors from time to time.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Pursuing a career is an essential part of adolescent development.“The adolescent becomes an adult when he_26_a real job.”To cognitive researchers likePiaget,adulthood meant the beginning of an_27_.Piaget argued that once adolescents enter the world of work,their newly acquired ability to form hypotheses allows them to create representations that are too ideal.The_28_of such ideals,without the tempering of the reality of a job or profession,rapidly leads adolescents to become _29_ of the non-idealistic world and to press for reform in a characteristically adolescent way.Piaget said:“True adaptation to society comes_30_when the adolescent reformer attempts to put his ideas to work.”Of course,youthful idealism is often courageous,and no one likes to give up dreams.Perhaps,taken_31_out of context,Piaget’s statement seems harsh.What he was_32_，however,is the way reality can modify idealistic views.Some people refer to such modification as maturity.Piaget argued that attaining and accepting a vocation is one of the best ways to modify idealized views and to mature.As careers and vocations become less available during times of _33_,adolescents may be especially hard hit.Such difficult economic times may leave many adolescents_34_about their roles in society.For this reason,community interventions and government job programs that offer summer and vacation work are not only economically_35_but also help to stimulate the adolescent’s sense of worth.A)automaticallyB)beneficialC)capturingD)confusedE)emphasizingF)entranceG)excitedH)existenceI)incidentallyJ)intolerantK)occupationL)promisesM)recessionN)slightlyO)undertakesSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Can societies be rich and green?[A]“If our economies are to flourish,if global poverty is to be eliminated and if the well-being of the world’s people enhanced—not just in this generation but in succeeding generations—we must make sure we take care of the natural environment and resources on which our economic activity depends.”That statement comes not,as you might imagine,from a stereotypical tree-hugging,save-the-world greenie(环保主义者),but from Gordon Brown,a politician with a reputation forrigour,thoroughness and above all,caution.[B]A surprising thing for the man who runs one of the world’s most powerful economies to say?Perhaps;though in the run-up to the five-year review of the Millennium(千年的)Goals,he is far from alone.The roots of his speech,given in March at the roundtable meeting of environment and energy ministers from the G20 group of nations,stretch back to 1972,and the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm.[C]“The protection and improvement of the human environment is a major issue which affects the well-being of peoples and economic development throughout the world,”read the final declaration from this gathering,the first of a sequence which would lead to the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992 and the World Development Summit in Johannesburg three years ago.[D]Hunt through the reports prepared by UN agencies and development groups—many for conferences such as this year’s Millennium Goals review—and you will find that the linkage between environmental protection and economic progress is a commonthread.[E]Managing ecosystems sustainably is more profitable than exploiting them,according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment.But finding hard evidence to support the thesis is not so easy.Thoughts turn first to some sort of global statistic,some indicator which would rate the wealth of nations in both economic and environmental terms and show a relationship between the two.[F]If such an indicator exists,it is well hidden.And on reflection,this is not surprising;the single word“environment”has so many dimensions,and there are so many other factors affecting wealth—such as the oil deposits—that teasing out a simple economy-environment relationship would be almost impossible.[G]The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment,a vast four-year global study which reported its initial conclusions earlier this year,found reasons to believe that managing ecosystems sustainably—working with nature rather than against it—might be less profitable in the short term,but certainly brings long-term rewards.[H]And the World Resources Institute(WRI)in its World Resources 2005 report,issued at the end of August,produced several such examples from Africa and Asia;it also demonstrated that environmental degradation affects the poor more than the rich,as poorer people derive a much higher proportion of their income directly from the natural resources around them.[I]But there are also many examples of growing wealth by trashing the environment,in rich and poor parts of the world alike,whether through unregulated mineral extraction,drastic water use for agriculture,slash-and-burn farming,or fossil-fuel-guzzling(大量消耗)transport.Of course,such growth may not persist in the long term—which is what Mr.Brown and the Stockholm declaration were both attempting to point out.Perhaps the best example of boom growth and bust decline is the Grand Banks fishery.For almost five centuries a very large supply of cod(鳕鱼)provided abundant raw material for an industry which at its peak employed about 40,000 people,sustaining entire communities in Newfoundland.Then,abruptly,the cod population collapsed.There were no longer enough fish in the sea for the stock to maintain itself,let alone an industry.More than a decade later,there was no sign of the ecosystem re-building itself.It had,apparently,been fished out of existence;and the once mighty Newfoundland fleet now gropes about frantically for crab on the sea floor.[J]There is a view that modern humans are inevitably sowing the seed of a global Grand Banks-style disaster.The idea is that we are taking more out of what you might call the planet’s environmental bank balance than it can sustain;we are living beyond our ecological means.One recent study attempted to calculate the extent of this “ecological overshoot of the human economy”,and found that we are using 1.2 Earth’s-worth of environmental goods and services—the implication being that at some point the debt will be called in,and all those services—the things which the planet does for us for free—will grind to a halt.[K]Whether this is right,and if so where and when the ecological axe will fall,is hard to determine with any precision—which is why governments and financial institutions are only beginning to bring such risks into their economiccalculations.It is also the reason why development agencies are not united in their view of environmental issues;while some,like the WRI,maintain that environmental progress needs to go hand-in-hand with economic development,others argue that the priority is to build a thriving economy,and then use the wealth created to tackle environmental degradation.[L]This view assumes that rich societies will invest in environmental care.But is this right?Do things get better or worse as we get richer? Here the Stockholm declaration is ambiguous.“In the developing countries,”it says,“most of the environmental problems are caused by under-development.”So it is saying that economic development should make for a cleaner world?Not necessarily;“In the industralised countries,environmental problems are generally related to industrialisation and technological development,”it continues.In other words,poor and rich both over-exploit the natural world,but for different reasons.It’s simply not true that economic growth will surely make our world cleaner.[M]Clearly,richer societies are able to provide environmental improvements which lie well beyond the reach of poorer communities.Citizens of wealthy nations demand national parks,clean rivers,clean air and poison-free food.Theyalso,however,use far more natural resources-fuel,water(all those baths and golf courses)and building materials.[N]A case can be made that rich nations export environmental problems,the most graphic example being climate change.As a country’s wealth grows,so do its greenhouse gas emissions.The figures available will not be completely accurate.Measuring emissions is not a precise science, particularly when it comes to issues surrounding land use;not all nations have re-leased up-to-date data,and in any case,emissions from some sectors such as aviation are not included in national statistics.But the data is exact enough for a clear trend to be easily discernible.As countries become richer,they produce more greenhouse gases;and the impact of those gases will fall primarily in poor parts of the world.[O]Wealth is not,of course,the only factor involved.The average Norwegian is better off than the average US citizen,but contributes about half as much to climate change.But could Norway keep its standard of living and yet cut its emissions to Moroccan or even Ethiopian levels?That question,repeated across a dozen environmental issues and across our diverse planet,is what will ultimately determine whether the human race is living beyond its ecological means as it pursues economic revival.36.Examples show that both rich and poor countries exploited the environment for economic progress.37.Environmental protection and improvement benefit people all over the world.38.It is not necessarily true that economic growth will make our world cleaner.39.The common theme of the UN reports is the relation between environmental protection and economic growth.40.Development agencies disagree regarding how to tackle environment issues while ensuring economic progress.41.It is difficult to find solid evidence to prove environmental friendliness generates more profits than exploiting the natural environment.42.Sustainable management of ecosystems will prove rewarding in the long run.43.A politician noted for being cautious asserts that sustainable human development depends on the natural environment.44.Poor countries will have to bear the cost for rich nations’ economic development.45.One recent study warns us of the danger of the exhaustion of natural resources on Earth.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Interactive television advertising, which allows viewers to use their remote controls to click on advertisements, has been pushed for years. Nearly a decade ago it was predicted that viewers of “Friends”, a popular situation comedy, would soon be able to purchase a sweater like Jennifer Aniston’s with a few taps on their remote control.“It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years,”says Colin Dixon of a digital-media consultancy.So the news that Cablevision, and American cable company, was rolling out interactive advertisements to all its customers on October 6th was greeted with some skepticism. During commercials, an overlay will appear at the bottom of the screen, prompting viewers to press a button to request a free sample or order a catalogue. Cablevision hopes to allow customers to buy things with their remote controls early next year.Television advertising could do with a boost. Spending fell by 10% in the first half of the year. The popularization of digital video recorders has caused advertisers to worry that their commercials will be skipped. Some are turning to the Internet, which is cheaper and offers concrete measurements like click-through rates—especially important at a time when marketing budgets are tight. With the launch of interactive advertising,“many of the dollars that went to the Internet will come back to the TV,”says David Kline of Cablevision. Or so the industry hopes.In theory, interactive advertising can engage viewers in a way that 30-second spots do not. Unilever recently ran an interactive campaign for its Axe deodorant(除臭剂)，which kept viewers engaged for more than three minutes on average.The amount spent on interactive advertising on television is still small. Magna, an advertising agency, reckons it will be worth about $138 million this year. That falls far short of the billions of dollars people once expected it to generate. But DirecTV, Comcast and Time Warner Cable have all invested in it. A new effort ledby Canoe Ventures, a coalition of leading cable providers, aims to make interactive advertising available across America later this year. BrightLine iTV, Which designs and sells interactive ads, says interest has surged: it expects its revenues almost to triple this year. BSkyB, Britain’s biggest satellite-television service, already provides 9 million customers with interactive ads.Yet there are doubts whether people watching television, a“lean back”medium, crave interaction. Click-through rates have been high so far(around 3-4%, compared with less than 0.3% online), but that may be a result of the novelty. Interactive ads and viewers might not go well together.46.What does Colin Dixon mean by saying“It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years”(Lines 4-5, Para.1)?A)Interactive television advertising will become popular in 10-12 years.B)Interactive television advertising has been under debate for the last decade or so.C)Interactive television advertising is successful when incorporated into situation comedies.D)Interactive television advertising has not achieved the anticipated results.47.What is the public’s response to Cablevision’s planned interactive TV advertising program?A)Pretty positive.B)Totally indifferent.C)Somewhat doubtful.D)Rather critical.48.What is the impact of the wide use of digital video recorders on TV advertising?A)It has made TV advertising easily accessible to viewers.B)It helps advertisers to measure the click-through rates.C)It has placed TV advertising at a great disadvantage.D)It enables viewers to check the sales items with ease.49.What do we learn about Unilever’s interactive campaign?A)It proves the advantage of TV advertising.B)It has done well in engaging the viewers.C)It helps attract investments in the company.D)it has boosted the TV advertising industry.50.How does the author view the hitherto high click-through rates?A)They may be due to the novel way of advertising.B)They signify the popularity of interactive advertising.C)They point to the growing curiosity ofTV viewers.D)They indicate the future direction of media reform.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easy answers. There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it—they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills, Our problems are“structural,”and will take many years to solve.But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view. There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise. But it’s actually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursing real solutions.The fact is job openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of workers forced into part-time employment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged in every major occupational category. Only three states. With a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5%. So the evidence contradicts the claim that we’re mainly suffering from structural unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become so popular?Part of the answer is that this is what always happens during periods of high unemployment—in part because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious.I’ve been looking at what self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the Great Depression; it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now. Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly, declared one 1935 analysis, because the workforce is“unadaptable and untrained. It cannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer.”A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a fiscal stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs —and suddenly industry was eager to employ those“unadaptable and untrained”workers.But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling out economy and our society.So what you need to know is that there’s no evidence whatsoever to back these claims. We aren’t suffering from a shortage of needed skills, We’re suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse—a reason not to act on America’s problems at a time when action is desperately needed.51.What does the author think is the root cause of mass unemployment in America?A)Corporate mismanagement.B)Insufficient demand.C)Technological advances.D)Workers’ slow adaptation.52.What does the author think of the experts’ claim concerning unemployment?A)Self-evident.B)Thought-provoking.C)Irrational.D)Groundless.53.What does the author say helped bring down unemployment during the Great Depression?A)The booming defense industry.B)The wise heads’ benefit package.C)Nationwide training of workers.D)Thorough restructuring of industries.54.What has caused claims of huge structural problems to multiply?A)Powerful opposition to government’s stimulus efforts.B)Very Serious People’s attempt to cripple the economy.C)Evidence gathered from many sectors of the industries.D)Economists’ failure to detect the problems in time.55.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A)To testify to the experts’ analysis of America’s problems.B)To offer a feasible solution to the structural unemployment.C)To show the urgent need for the government to take action.D)To alert American workers to the urgency for adaptation.Part IV Translation (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。
2016年6月16日朗阁雅思阅读考题回顾.doc
雅思考试阅读考题回顾朗阁海外考试研究中心方晓静考试日期2016年6月16日station at Gombe-the first of its kind-is more famous, but Nishida‟s site at Mahale is the second oldest chimpanzee research site in the world. )D In these initial studies, as the chimpanzees became accustomed to close observation, the remarkable discoveries began. Researchers witnessed a range of unexpected behaviors, including fashioning and using tools, hunting, meat eating, food sharing and lethal fights between members of neighboring communities.E As early as 1973, Goodall recorded 13 forms of tool use as well as eight social activities that appeared to differ between the Gombe chimpanzees and chimpanzee populations elsewhere. She ventured that some variations had what she termed a cultural origin. But what exactly did Goodall mean by "culture"? According to the Oxford Encyclopedic English Dictionary, culture is defined as "the customs . . . and achievements of a particular time or people. "The diversity of human cultures extends from technological variations to marriage rituals, from culinary habits to myths and legends. Animals do not have myths and legends, of course. But they do have the capacity to pass on behavioral traits from generation to generation, not through their genes but bylearning. For biologists, this is the fundamental criterion for a cultural trait: it must be something that can be learned by observing the established skills of others and thus passed on to future generationsF What of the implications for chimpanzees themselves? We must highlight the tragic loss of chimpanzees, whose populations are being decimated just when we are at last coming to appreciate these astonishing animals more completely. Populations have plummeted in the past century and continue to fall as a result of illegal trapping, logging and, most recently, the bushmeat trade. The latter is particularly alarming: logging has driven roadways into the forests that are now used to ship wild-animal meat-including chimpanzee meat-to consumers as far afield as Europe. Such destruction threatens not only the animals themselves but also a host of fascinatingly different ape cultures.G Perhaps the cultural richness of the ape may yet help in its salvation, however. Some conservation efforts have already altered the attitudes of some local people. A few organizations have begun to show videotapes illustrating the cognitive prowess of chimpanzees.One Zairian viewer was heard to exclaim, "Ah, this ape is so like me, I can no longer eat him. "H How an international team of chimpanzee experts conducted the most comprehensive survey of the animals ever attempted. Scientists have been investigating chimpanzee culture for several decades, but too often their studies contained a crucial flaw. Most attempts to document cultural diversity among chimpanzees have relied solely on officially published accounts of the behaviors recorded at each research site. But this approach probably overlooks a good deal of cultural variation for three reasons. First, scientists typically don‟t publish an extensive list of all the activities they do not see at a particular location. Yet this is exactly what we need to know-which behaviors were and were not observed at each site. Second, many reports describe chimpanzee behaviors without saying how common they are; with- out thisinformation, we can‟t determine whether a particular action was a once-in-a-lifetime aberration or a routine event that should be considered part of the animals‟ culture. Finally, researchers‟ descriptions of potentially significant chimpanzee behaviors frequently lack sufficient detail, making it difficult for scientists working at other spots to record the presence or absence of the activities.J To remedy these problems, the two of us decided to take a new approach. We asked field researchers at each site for a list of all the behaviors they suspected were local traditions. With this information in hand, we pulled together a comprehensive list of 65 candidates for cultural behaviors.K Then we distributed our list to the team leaders at each site. In consultation with their colleagues, they classified each behavior in terms of its occurrence or absence in the chimpanzee community studied. The key categories were customary behavior (occurs in most or all of the able-bodied members of at least one age or sex class, such as all adult males), habitual (less common than customary but occurs repeatedly in several individuals), present (seen at the site but not habitual), absent (never seen), and unknown.。
66月16日雅思真题原文回忆及答案解析
2016年6月16日雅思真题原文回忆及答案解析
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2016年6月CET阅读题汇总
选词填空1Physical activity does the body good，and there’s growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise，whether at school or on their own，26 to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a 27 of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic 28，investigators found that the more children moved，the better their grades were in school，29 in the basic subjects of math，English and reading.The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to 30 on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in the U.S. 31 in recent years，some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show，exercise and academics may not be 32 exclusive. Physical activity can improve blood 33 to the brain，fueling memory，attention and creativity，which are 34 to learning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve 35 and relieve stress，which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when they’re running aro und，they may actually be exercising their brains as well.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答.A）attendance B）consequently C）current D）depressingE）dropping F）essential G）feasible H）flowI）mood J）mutually K）particularly L）performanceM）review N）survive O）tend选词填空2Contrary to popular belief, older people generally do not want to live with their children. Moreover, most adult children 26 every bit as much care and support to their aging parents as was the cas e in the “good old days”, and most older people do not feel 27.About 80% of people 65 years and older have living children, and about 90% of them have 28 contact with their children. About 75% of elderly parents who don’t go to nursing homes live within 30 minutes of at least one of their children.However, 29 having contact with children does not guarantee happiness in old age. In fact, some research has found that people who are most involved with their families have the lowest spirits. This research may be 30 ,however, as ill health often makes older people more 31 and thereby increases contact with family members. So it is more likely that poor health, not just family involvement, 32 spirits. Increasingly, researchers have begun to look at the quality of relationships, rather than at the frequency of contact, between the elderly and their children. If parents and children share interests and values and agree on childrearing practices and religious 33 , they are likely to enjoy each other’s co mpany. Disagreements on such matters can 34 cause problems. If parents are agreed by their daughter’s divorce, dislike her new husband, and disapprove of how she is raising their grandchildren, 35 are that they are not going to enjoy her visits.段落匹配题1Finding the Right Home—and Contentment，Too[A] When your elderly relative needs to enter some sort of long-term care facility—a moment few parents or children approach without fear—what you would like is to have everything made clear.[B] Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home，or has the industry simply hired better interior designers？Are nursing homes as bad as people fear，or is that an out-moded stereotype （固定看法）？Can doing one’s homework really steer families to the best places？It is genuinely hard to know.[C] I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed. And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who are going to move in. I am not talking about the quality of care，let me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record. But an accumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little real bearing on how well residents do.[D] The most recent of these studies，published in The journal of Applied Gerontology，surveyed 150 Connecticut residents of assisted living，nursing homes and smaller residential care homes （known in some states as board and care homes or adult care homes）. Researchers from the University of Connecticut Health Center asked the residents a large number of questions about their quality of life，emotional well-being and social interaction，as well as about the quality of the facilities.[E] “We thought we would see differences based on the housing types，” said the lead author of the study，Julie Robison，an associate professor of medicine at theuniversity. A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t？[F] In the initial results，assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. They were less likely to report symptoms of depression than those in the other facilities，for instance，and less likely to be bored or lonely. They scored higher on social interaction.[G] But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables，such differences disappeared. It is not the housing type，they found，that creates differences in residents’ responses. “It is the characteristics of the specific environment they are in，combined with their own personal characteristics—how healthy they feel they are，their age and marital status，” Dr. Robison explained. Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.[H] An elderly person who describes herself as in poor health，therefore，might be no less depressed in assisted living （even if her children preferred it）than in a nursing home. A person who bad input into where he would move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well in a nursing home as in a small residential care home，other factors being equal. It is an interaction between the person and the place，not the sort of place in itself，that leads to better or worse experiences. “You can’t just say，‘Let’s put this person in a residential ca re home instead of a nursing home—she will be much better off，” Dr. Robison said. What matters，she added，“is a combination of what people bring in with them，and what they find there.”[I] Such findings，which run counter to common sense，have surfaced before. In a multi-state study of assisted living，for instance，University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variables—the facility’s type，size or age；whether a chain owned it；how attractive the neighborhood was—had no significantrelationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness，mental decline，hospitalizations or mortality. What mattered most was the residents’ physical health and mental status. What people were like when they came in had greater consequence than what happened one they were there.[J] As I was considering all this，a press release from a respected research firm crossed my desk，announcing that the five-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are. As a matter of fact，consumers expressed higher satisfaction with the one-star facilities，the lowest rated，than with the five-star ones. （More on this study and the star ratings will appear in a subsequent post.）[K] Before we collectively tear our hair out—how are we supposed to find our way in a landscape this confusing？—here is a thought from Dr. Philip Sloane， a geriatrician（老年病学专家）at the University of North Carolina：“In a w ay，that could be liberating for families.”[L] Of course，sons and daughters want to visit the facilities，talk to the administrators and residents and other families，and do everything possible to fulfill their duties. But perhaps they don’t have to turn themselves into private investigators or Congressional subcommittees. “Families can look a bit more for where the residents are going to be happy，” Dr. Sloane said. And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.[M] We all have our own ideas about what would bring our parents happiness. They have their ideas，too. A friend recently took her mother to visit an expensive assisted living/nursing home near my town. I have seen this place—it is elegant，inside and out. But nobody greeted the daughter and mother when they arrived，though the visithad been planned；nobody introduced them to the other residents. When they had lunch in the dining room，they sat alone at a table.[N] The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there，and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research，that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.36. Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.37.Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities，involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.38.It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.39.How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.40.The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.41.The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.42.At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.43.What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.44.The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.45.A resident’s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whethe r they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.段落匹配题2Could Food Shortages Bring Down Civilization?[A] For many years I have studied global agricultural, population, environmental andeconomic trends and their interactions. The combined effects of those trends and the political tensions they generate point to the breakdown of governments and societies. Yet I, too, have resisted the idea that food shortages could bring down not only individual governments but also our global civilization.[B] I can no longer ignore that risk. Our continuing failure to deal with theenvironmental declines that are undermining the world food economy forces me to conclude that such a collapse is possible.[C] As demand for food rises faster than supplies are growing, the resulting food-priceinflation puts severe stress on the governments of many countries. Unable to buy grain or grow their own, hungry people take to the streets. Indeed, even before the steep climb in grain prices in 2008, the number of failing states was expanding. If the food situation continues to worsen, entire nations will break down at an ever increasing rate. In the 20th century the main threat to international security was superpower conflict; today it is failing states.[D] States fail when national governments can no longer provide personal security,food security and basic social services such as education and health care. When governments lose their control on power, law and order begin to disintegrate.After a point, countries can become so dangerous that food relief workers are no longer safe and their programs are halted. Failing states are of international concern because they are a source of terrorists, drugs, weapons and refugees(难民), threatening political stability everywhere.[E]The surge in world grain prices in 2007 and 2008—and the threat they pose tofood security——has a different, more troubling quality than the increases of the past. During the second half of the 20th century, grain prices rose dramaticallyseveral times. In 1972, for instance, the Soviets, recognizing their poor harvest early, quietly cornered the world wheat market. As a result, wheat prices elsewhere more than doubled, pulling rice and corn prices up with them. But this and other price shocks were event-driven——drought in the Soviet Union, crop-shrinking heat in the U.S. Corn Belt. And the rises were short-lived: prices typically returned to normal with the next harvest.[F]In contrast, the recent surge in world grain prices is trend-driven, making itunlikely to reverse without a reversal in the trends themselves. On the demand side, those trends include the ongoing addition of more than 70 million people a year, a growing number of people wanting to move up the food chain to consume highly grain-intensive meat products, and the massive diversion(转向)of U.S.grain to the production of bio-fuel.[G]As incomes rise among low-income consumers, the potential for further grainconsumption is huge. But that potential pales beside the never-ending demand for crop-based fuels. A fourth of this year’s U.S. grain harvest will go to fuel cars. [H]What about supply? The three environmental trends——the shortage of freshwater, the loss of topsoil and the rising temperatures——are making it increasing ly hard to expand the world’s grain supply fast enough to keep up with demand. Of all those trends, however, the spread of water shortages poses the most immediate threat. The biggest challenge here is irrigation, which consumes 70% the world’s fresh water. Millions of irrigation wells in many countries are now pumping water out of underground sources faster than rainfall can refill them.The result is falling water tables(地下水位)in countries with half the world’s people, including the three big grain producers——China, India and the U.S. [I]As water tables have fallen and irrigation wells have gone dry, China’s wheat crop,the world’s largest, has declined by 8% since it peaked at 123 million tons in 1997.But water shortages are even more worrying in India. Millions of irrigation wells have significantly lowered water tables in almost every state.[J]As the world’s food security falls to pieces, individual countries acting in their own self-interest are actually worsening the troubles of many. The trend began in 2007,when leading wheat-exporting countries such as Russia and Argentina limited or banned their exports, in hopes of increasing local food supplies and thereby bringing down domestic food prices. Vietnam banned its exports for several months for the same reason. Such moves may eliminate the fears of those living in the exporting countries, but they are creating panic in importing countries that must rely on what is then left for export.[K]In response to those restrictions, grain-importing countries are trying to nail down long-term trade agreements that would lock up future grain supplies. Food-import anxiety is even leading to new efforts by food-importing countries to buy or lease farmland in other countries. In spite of such temporary measures, soaring food prices and spreading hunger in many other countries are beginning to break down the social order.[L]Since the current world food shortage is trend-driven, the environmental trends that cause it must be reversed. We must cut carbon emissions by 80% from their 2006 levels by 2020, stabilize the world’s population at eight billion by 2040, completely remove poverty, and restore forests and soils. There is nothing new about the four objectives. Indeed, we have made substantial progress in some parts of the world on at least one of these——the distribution of family-planning services and the associated shift to smaller families.[M]For many in the development community, the four objectives were seen as positive, promoting development as long as they did not cost too much. Others saw them as politically correct and morally appropriate. Now a third and far more significant motivation presents itself: meeting these goals may be necessary to prevent the collapse of our civilization. Yet the cost we project for saving civilization would amount to less than $200 billion a year, 1/6 of current global military spending. In effect, our plan is the new security budget.36.The more recent steep climb in grain prices partly results from the fact that moreand more people want to consume meat products.37. Social order is breaking down in many countries because of food shortages.38. Rather than superpower conflict, countries unable to cope with food shortagesnow constitute the main threat to world security.39. Some parts of the world have seen successful implementation of family planning.40. The author has come to agree that food shortages could ultimately lead to thecollapse of world civilization.41. Increasing water shortages prove to be the biggest obstacle to b oosting the world’sgrain production.42. The cost for saving our civilization would be considerably less than the world’scurrent military spending.43. To lower domestic food prices, some countries limited or stopped their grain exports.44. Environmental problems must be solved to ease the current global food shortage.45. A quarter of this year’s American grain harvest will be used to produce bio-fuel for cars.。
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关注雅思预测的同学，可关注我们的雅思预测哦！新航道雅思听力预测和口语预测还是非常精准的哦。考前一周更新，更多雅思预测请点击：新航道雅思预测
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2016年6月16日雅思真题原文忆及答案解析
更多机经回忆查看及下载，请点击：2016雅思机经下载（新航道雅思机经回忆已经全新升级，现在的雅思机经回忆包含大量的雅思原文回忆，感兴趣的同学可长期关注本频道！我们还提供免费PDF版雅思机经下载哦！）
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