互联网发展对中国政治安全的影响及应对策略

摘要

政治活动的本质，在一定意义上是信息传播的过程，无论是统治阶级治国理政，还是民众参与国家政治社会生活都需要信息的交流。互联网的发展提供了人类历史上一种全新的信息传播方式和社会交往方式，在政治和社会生活中充分展示了混沌学中的“蝴蝶效应”，对人类社会的生产方式和社会关系的变化有极强的影响力。

国家安全在互联网的影响下扩大了领域，国家政治安全的范围进一步扩展。在互联网时代国家政治安全发展为，既要全方位的对外部政治力量进行有效防御以保护国家主权不受侵犯，也要对国内政治、经济和社会力量进行整合以保障公民权利得以实现，从而保证国家政治稳定和民主参与的动态平衡与良性互动。罗尔斯提出“作为公平的正义”，是说社会合作的条件是在公平的条件下一致同意的，所得到的也将是一个公平的结果。那么，以保护国家主权独立和保障公民权利实现为契约条件，协调国际国内力量建立人类命运共同体，就会得到公平正义的结果即“政治安全”。所以，维护国家政治安全的实质就是坚守“公平正义”，保护国家主权独立和保障公民权利实现。

互联网是一把“双刃剑”，互联网的两面性给国家政治安全带来了机遇的同时也带来了挑战。互联网发展有利于保障公民权利的实现，推进民主政治发展，实现公平正义。与此同时，我们要认识到由于我国互联网技术领域处于劣势，容易丧失网络话语权，致使国家主权受到冲击。部分网络强国利用其技术优势打破网络边疆，冲淡公民对国家主流意识形态的政治认同感，从而危害我国意识形态的安全。更为严重的是，由于网络基础设施普及与互联网应用不对等的因素，有可能会加剧社会贫富差距，危害我国公民权利的实现，致使政府公信力降低，从而严重影响国家政治安全的稳定性。

在互联网时代，我们要客观认识到“互联网”是传播信息的媒介，是国家发展的手段，亟待我们在建设网络强国和数字中国的过程中，时刻关注互联网对国家政治安全的影响。在未来，我们要进一步加强核心技术的完善，把控网络主权，维护国家主权安全；树立“网络边疆”意识，提高政府的公信力，提高公民对主流意识形态的政治认同感，维护国家政权的稳定；坚守公平正义，建立命运共同体，来促进公民权利的实现，保证

国家政治安全。

关键词互联网政治安全国家主权公民权利公平正义

Abstract

In a certain sense，the essence of political activity is the process of information transmission．No matter whether the ruling class governs a state，or whether the public participates in the national political and social life，the communication information is necessary．The development of the Internet has provided a new way for information dissemination and social communication in the history of mankind，which shows the "butterfly effect"of the Chaos in politics and society，and it has a strong influence on the production methods of human society and changes in social relations．

Under the influence of the Internet，the area of national security has been expanded，and the scope of national political security also has been further expanded．Therefore，in the era of Internet，the national political security is effective for the overall external political force to protect the sovereignty of the country from infringement，and to integrate the domestic political，economic and social forces to ensure the realization of the civil rights，so as to ensure the dynamic balance and positive interaction between national political stability and democratic participation．Rawls puts forward"Justice as fairness"，it is means that the conditions of social cooperation are consented under the conditions of fairness，and the result will be a fair result．So，put the protect the national sovereignty independence and guarantee the realization of civil rights as the conditions of contract，and coordinate the domestic and international forces to establish the human destiny community，then the result of"fairness and justice"should be got，it is the"political security"．Therefore，The essence of safeguarding national political security is upholding"fairness and justice"，to protect the independence of the country's sovereignty and to ensure the realization of civil rights．The Internet is a"double-edged sword"，which brings both opportunities and challenges to national political security．The development of the Internet is conducive to ensuring the realization of civil rights and promoting the development of democratic politics，so as to

achieve fairness and justice．At the same time，we must realize that it is easy to lose the right of discourse in network，due to the disadvantages of China's Internet technology field，so that resulting in the impact on national sovereignty．Some cyberpowers use technical advantages to break the network frontier，and dilute citizens'political identity towards the mainstream ideology of the country，thus endangering the security of China's ideology．More seriously，the Internet application and popularization network infrastructure is nonidentity，which will exacerbate social gap between rich and poor，and harm the realization of civil rights，the government credibility will be reduced，thereby seriously affecting the stability of the national political security．

In the Internet era，we need to realize that"Internet"is a medium for spreading information and a means of national development objectively．It is urgent for us to pay attention to the impact of Internet on national political security in the process of building the network power and digital China．In the future，we should further strengthen the perfection of core technologies，control cyber sovereignty and safeguard national sovereignty and security．We also should establish a sense of"network frontier"and improve the credibility of the government，so as to enhance citizens'political identity towards mainstream ideology and maintain the stability of state power．We must stick to fairness and justice and establish a community of common destiny to promote the realization of citizens'rights and ensure the political safety of our country．

Keywords Internet Political Security National Sovereignty Civil Rights

Fairness and Justice

目录

第1章绪论 (1)

1.1研究目的和意义 (1)

1.1.1研究目的 (1)

1.1.2研究意义 (2)

1.2国内外研究现状 (3)

1.2.1国外研究现状 (3)

1.2.2国内研究现状 (5)

1.3研究方法 (8)

1.4创新点 (8)

第2章互联网时代政治安全的内涵 (9)

2.1互联网的发展及其两面性 (9)

2.2政治安全的内涵 (12)

2.2.1国家主权：坚持“分毫必争” (13)

2.2.2公民权利：坚持“以人为本” (14)

2.2.3命运共同体：坚守“公平正义” (16)

第3章互联网发展对中国政治安全的影响 (19)

3.1互联网发展对中国政治安全的积极影响 (19)

3.1.1保障公民政治权利的实现，推进民主政治建设 (19)

3.1.2促进公民社会权利的发展，维护社会公平正义 (22)

3.2互联网发展对中国政治安全的消极影响 (24)

3.2.1存在技术鸿沟，国家主权安全受到冲击 (24)

3.2.2打破“网络边疆”，意识形态安全受到威胁 (26)

3.2.3危害公民权利，政府公信力下降 (28)

第4章互联网时代维护国家政治安全的应对策略 (32)

4.1维护国家主权安全，强化公民政治认同感 (32)

4.1.1完善核心技术，把控网络主权 (32)

4.1.2树立“网络边疆”意识，提高公民政治认同感 (33)

4.2加强网络空间管理，保障公民权利实现 (36)

4.2.1完善网络安全法规建设，确保社会公平正义 (36)

4.2.2加强国际合作，协调国内行动 (38)

结语 (41)

参考文献 (43)

致谢 (50)

攻读学位期间取得的科研成果 (51)