土木工程在我国的现状及未来发展趋势

土木工程在我国的现状及未来发展趋势

虎跃

摘要：我国是四大文明古国之一，我国的古代建筑闻名世界，万里长城故宫还有最早的石拱桥赵州桥都属于土木工程范畴。土木工程是建造各类工程设施的科学技术的统称。它既指所应用的材料、设备和所进行的勘测、设计、施工、保养维修等技术活动；也指工程建设的对象，即建造在地上或地下、陆上或水中，直接或间接为人类生活、生产、军事、科研服务的各种工程设施，例如房屋、道路、铁路、运输管道、隧道、桥梁、运河、堤坝、港口、电站、飞机场、海洋平台、给水和排水以及防护工程等。我国的土木工程建设从2O世纪5O年代起一直没有停过，且发展很快，尤其在近年来，发展极为迅猛，几乎整个中国成了一个大的建设工地。新的高楼大厦、展览中心、铁路、公路、桥梁、港口航道及大型水利工程在祖国各地如雨后春笋般地涌现，新结构、新材料、新技术大力研究、开发和应用。发展之快，数量之巨，令世界各国惊叹不已：但是，自改革开放以来，我国城市发展进入了一个崭新的阶段，城市的数量、规模和人口数量都有了飞速的发展。这就要求更多的建筑来满足城市发展的需求．单是不难看出，目前，我国的城市建筑尤其是房屋建筑，并不能满足人们的需求。随着科学技术的迅猛发展以及建筑材料的发展土木工程的发展涉及的领域将会越来越广泛，越来越有深度。

关键词：土木工程历史；工程建造对象；现状；发张趋势；

Abstract: the civil engineering is to build all kinds of engineering

facilities of science and technology. It refers to the application of materials, equipment and conducted reconnaissance, design, construction, maintenance and other technical activities; Also refers to the object of engineering construction, which are built on the ground or underground, land or water, directly or indirectly for human life, production, military, scientific research and service of all kinds of engineering facilities, such as pipeline, houses, roads, railways, tunnels, Bridges, canals, DAMS, ports, power stations, airports, offshore engineering, water supply and drainage and protection. The civil engineering construction of our country from the 2 o 5 o s hasn't been stopped, and developing rapidly, especially in recent years, the development is very rapid, almost the whole of China is a big construction site. New high-rise buildings, exhibition center, railways, highways, Bridges, ports, waterways and large water conservancy projects across the country, such as bamboo shoots, new structure, new materials, new technology research, development and application. Develop fast, the amount of, make the world amazing: however, since China's reform and opening-up, urban development in China has entered a new stage, the number of cities, the scale and the population has a rapid development. This requires more buildings to meet the needs of urban development. Single is not difficult to see, at present, urban construction, especially housing construction in our country, and can't satisfy people's needs. With the rapid development of science and

technology and the development of the development of building materials in civil engineering areas will be more and more widely, more and more deep.

Key words: civil engineering history; Engineering construction of object; The status quo. Send a trend;

在我国的现代化建设中．土木工程业越来越成为国民经济发展的支柱产业。同时．随着社会和科技的发展，建筑物的规模、功能、造型和相应的建筑技术越来越大型化、复杂化和多样化。所采用的新材料、新设备、新的结构技术和施工技术日新月异，节能技术、信息

控制技术、生态技术等日益与建筑相结合。建筑业和建筑物本身正在成为许多新技术的复合载体。而超高层和超大跨度建筑、特大跨度桥梁及作为大型复杂结构核心的现代结构技术则成为代表一个

国家建筑科学技术发展水平的重要标志。所有这一切都说明在土木工程中越来越体现了技术与创新的作用，谁能在世纪之交把握住土木工程学科的发展趋势，谁就能在知识经济时代开创土木工程学科的新纪元。”不难看出，我国科技和经济快速发展的形势，为我国土木工程建设的发展．创造了良好的环境和机遇。为了更好的解决国木土工程建设过程中的问题和抓住良好的发展机遇。我国木土工程建设，在不断，采用新技术，开发新材料并积极开拓新的开发空间。这种情形下，我国的木土工程建设也呈现出新的发展趋势。

首先，就是在空间上的开发。伴随着我国城市化进程的加快。城市