文化特色英语词语翻译
形容中国文化的英文单词形容词
形容中国文化的英文单词形容词China, with its rich history spanning thousands of years, boasts a culture that is as diverse as it is profound. From its ancient philosophy to its vibrant festivals, Chinese culture is characterized by a unique blend of tradition, innovation, and spiritualism. Let's explore some descriptive adjectives that aptly capture the essence of Chinese culture.1. Timeless: Chinese culture is often described as timeless, as it has endured through centuries of dynastic rule, social upheaval, and modernization. This adjective reflects the enduring influence of Confucianism, Taoism, and other philosophical traditions that continue to shape Chinese society.2. Harmonious: Harmony is a central tenet of Chinese culture, whether it's the harmonious balance between yin and yang in Taoist philosophy or the emphasis on social harmony in Confucian ethics. This harmony is reflected in Chinese art, music, and even urban planning, where the concept of feng shui is used to create balanced and auspicious environments.3. Intricate: Chinese culture is characterized by its intricate craftsmanship, seen in everything from delicate porcelain vases to meticulously crafted jade jewelry. Whether it's the intricate brushwork of Chinese calligraphy or the elaborate designs of traditional Chinese architecture, attention to detail is a hallmark of Chinese artistic expression.4. Resilient: Throughout its history, China has faced numerous challenges, from foreign invasions to internal conflicts. Yet, Chinese culture has shown remarkable resilience, adapting to changing circumstances while retaining its core values and traditions. This resilience can be seen in the enduring popularity of practices like tai chi and qigong, which promote physical and mental well-being.5. Ceremonial: Chinese culture places great importance on rituals and ceremonies, whether it's the elaborate rituals of the imperial court or the ceremonial tea-drinking practices of everyday life. From weddings to funerals, ceremonies play a central role in marking significant milestones and maintaining social cohesion.6. Innovative: Despite its reverence for tradition, Chinese culture is also marked by a spirit of innovation and creativity. From the invention of paper and gunpowder to the development of acupuncture and traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese innovators have made significant contributions to human civilization.7. Exuberant: Chinese festivals and celebrations are known for their exuberance and vibrancy, with colorful parades, dragon dances, and fireworks lighting up the streets. Whether it's the Lunar New Year festivities or the Mid-Autumn Festival, these celebrations are a testament to the joyous spirit of the Chinese people.8. Mystical: Chinese culture has a mystical dimension, with beliefs in spirits, ancestors, and the supernatural shaping everyday life. From the mystical symbolism of the I Ching to the mystical practices of Daoist alchemy, there is a sense of wonder and mystery that pervades Chinese culture.9. Culinary: Chinese cuisine is celebrated for its diversity, flavor, and complexity. From spicy Sichuan cuisine to delicate Cantonese dim sum, Chinese food reflects the vast geographical and cultural diversity of the country. Whether it's a humble bowl of noodles or an elaborate banquet, Chinese cuisine is a feast for the senses.10. Elegant: There is a certain elegance to Chinese culture, seen in the graceful movements of tai chi practitioners, the refined beauty of traditional Chinese dress, and the serene landscapes depicted in Chinese ink paintings. This elegance reflects a deep appreciation for beauty and harmony in all aspects of life.In conclusion, Chinese culture is a tapestry of timeless traditions, intricate rituals, and vibrant celebrations. From its philosophical wisdom to its culinary delights, Chinese culture continues to inspire and captivate people around the world with its richness and diversity.。
中国特色社会文化词语英文翻译
中国特色社会文化词语英文翻译1. 元宵节：Lantern Festival2. 刺绣：embroidery3. 重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival4. 清明节：Tomb sweeping day5. 剪纸：Paper Cutting6. 书法：Calligraphy7. 对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets8. 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters9. 人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow10. 四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle11. 战国：Warring States12. 风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen13. 铁饭碗：Iron Bowl14. 函授部：The Correspondence Department15. 集体舞：Group Dance16. 黄土高原：Loess Plateau17. 红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals18. 中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day19. 结婚证：Marriage Certificate20. 儒家文化：Confucian Culture21. 附属学校：Affiliated school22. 古装片：Costume Drama23. 武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie24. 元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup)25. 一国两制：One Country, Two Systems26. 火锅：Hot Pot27. 四人帮：Gang of Four28. 《诗经》：The Book of Songs29. 素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education30. 《史记》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian31. 大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement)32. 《西游记》：The Journey to the West33. 除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival34. 针灸：Acupuncture35. 唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery36. 中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics37. 偏旁：radical38. 孟子：Mencius39. 亭/阁：Pavilion/ Attic40. 大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises41. 火药：gunpowder42. 农历：Lunar Calendar43. 印/玺：Seal/Stamp44. 物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization45. 京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera46. 秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera47. 太极拳：Tai Chi48. 独生子女证：The Certificate of One-child49. 天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing50. 小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand51. 红双喜：Double Happiness52. 政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor53. 春卷：Spring Roll(s)54. 莲藕：Lotus Root55. 追星族：Star Struck56. 故宫博物院：The Palace Museum57. 相声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58. 下岗：Lay off/Laid off59. 烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck60. 高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education61. 烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker62. 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves63. 电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit64. XX澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao65. 文化大革命：Cultural Revolution66. 长江中下游地区：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River67. 门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match68. 《水浒》：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh69. 中外合资企业：Joint Ventures70. 文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）："The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush/Writing Brush, Tusche/ Inkstick, Paper/ Rice Paper, and Inkstone/ Inkslab"71. 笔架：penholder72. 笔筒：brush pot73. 镇纸：paperweight74. 书法：calligraphy75. 湖笔的尖健齐圆四德：sharp,tough,neat, and round.76. 衙门 yamen77. 叩头 kowtow78. 孔子Confucius79. 牌楼 pailou；pai-loo80. 武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)81. 功夫 kungfu ；kung fu82. 中庸 the way of medium (cf. Golden Means)83. 中和 harmony (zhonghe)84. 孝顺 to show filial obedience85. 孝子 dutiful son86. 家长 family head87. 宗族 patriarchal clan88. 三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son, husband guides wife 89. 五常：仁、义、理、智、信five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity90. 八股文 eight-legged essays/ eight-part essays91. 四书五经 Four Books and Five Classics92. 多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness93. 养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age94. 八卦 trigram95. 阴、阳 yin, yang96. 江湖（世界） the jianghu World（the traits’ world）97. 道 Daoism（Taoism）98. 上火 excessive internal heat99. 儒学 Confucianism100. 红学（《红楼梦》研究） redology101. 世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia102. 开放 kaifang （Chinese openness to the outside world）103. 大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done 104. 不搞一刀切no imposing uniformity on …105. 合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the nationalconditions and the will of the people106. 乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge107. 铁交椅iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post 108. 脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty109. 治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline110. 锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)111. 花卷 steamed twisted rolls112. 套餐 set meal113. 盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away114. 米粉 rice noodles115. 冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)116. 火锅 chafing dish117. 八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding118. 粉丝 glass noodles119. 豆腐脑 jellied bean curd120. 基层监督 grass-roots supervision121. 婚介所 matrimonial agency122. 机器阅卷 machine scoring123. 基础税率 base tariff level124. 婚外恋 extramarital love125. 黑心棉 shoddy cotton126. 婚纱摄影 bride photo127. 家政服务 household management service128. 即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery129. 价格听证会 public price hearings130. 集中精力把经济建设搞上去go all out for economic development131. 加强舆论监督ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion132. 假帐 accounting fraud133. 叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel134. 渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence135.借调 temporarily transfer136. 扩大中等收入者比重Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.137. 扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption 138. 焦点访谈 Topics in Focus139. 新闻调查 News Probe140. 新闻30分 News in 30 Minutes141. 市场热线 Market Hotline142. 世界经济报道 World Economic Report143. 股市分析 Stock Market Analysis144. 足球之夜 Soccer Night145. 东方时尚 Oriental Fashion146. 春节联欢晚会 Spring Festival Gala Evening147. 半边天 Half the Sky148. 综艺大观 Super Variety Show149. 戏迷园地 Garden for Opera Fans150. 大风车 Big Pinwheel151. 七巧板 Tangram152. 中华民族 Chinese Ethnic Peoples153. 周日话题 Sunday Topics154. 科技博览 Science and Technology Review 155. 人与自然 Man and Nature156. 正大综艺 Zhengda Variety Show157. 书坛画苑 Gallery of Calligraphy Painting 158. 天涯共此时 Time Together across the Strait 159. 华夏风情 China Kaleidoscope160. 中国各地 Around China161. 诗 The Book of Songs162. 书 Collection of Ancient Texts163. 礼 The Rites164. 易 The Book of Changes165. 春秋 The Spring&Autumn Annals166. 四库全书 The Four Branches of Literature167. 经部 Confucian Classics168. 史部 Historical Classics169. 子部 Philosophical&Scientific Classics 170. 集部 Literary Classics (Belles Lettres) 171. 卦 hexagrams172. 六爻 hexagram173. 卦辞 text supplementary to hexagram 174. 越剧 Yue Opera- Zhejiang&Shanghai175. 黄梅戏 Huangmei Opera- Anhui176. 豫剧 Yu Opera- Henan177. 平剧 Ping Opera- north (Hebei)178. 昆腔 Kun Tune179. 高腔 High Tune (Yi 弋 and Jing Tune) 180. 弦索腔 Xuansuo Tune181. 梆子腔 Bangzi Tune182. 皮簧腔 Pihuang Tune183. 象形字 Pictographic Characters184. 指事字 Self-Explanatory Characters185. 会意字 Associative Compounds186. 形声字 Pictophonetic Characters187. 假借字 Phonetic Characters188. 转注字 Mutually Explanatory Characters 189. 甲骨文Inscriptions on Bones&Tortoise Shells 190. 钟鼎文 Bronze Inscription191. 大篆 Big Seal Characters192. 小篆 Small Seal Characters193. 隶书 Official Script194. 楷书 Regular Script195. 草书 Cursive Hand196. 行书 Running Hand11 / 11。
中国特色社会文化词语英文翻译
中国特色社会文化词语英文翻译1. 元宵节：Lantern Festival2. 刺绣：embroidery3. 重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival4. 清明节：Tomb sweeping day5. 剪纸：Paper Cutting6. 书法：Calligraphy7. 对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets8. 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters9. 人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow10. 四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle11. 战国：Warring States12. 风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen13. 铁饭碗：Iron Bowl14. 函授部：The Correspondence Department15. 集体舞：Group Dance16. 黄土高原：Loess Plateau17. 红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals18. 中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day19. 结婚证：Marriage Certificate20. 儒家文化：Confucian Culture21. 附属学校：Affiliated school22. 古装片：Costume Drama23. 武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie24. 元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup)25. 一国两制：One Country, Two Systems26. 火锅：Hot Pot27. 四人帮：Gang of Four28. 《诗经》：The Book of Songs29. 素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education30. 《史记》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian31. 大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement)32. 《西游记》：The Journey to the West33. 除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival34. 针灸：Acupuncture35. 唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery36. 中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics37. 偏旁：radical38. 孟子：Mencius39. 亭/阁：Pavilion/ Attic40. 大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-ownedEnterprises41. 火药：gunpowder42. 农历：Lunar Calendar43. 印/玺：Seal/Stamp44. 物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization45. 京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera46. 秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera47. 太极拳：Tai Chi48. 独生子女证：The Certificate of One-child49. 天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing50. 小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand51. 红双喜：Double Happiness52. 政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor53. 春卷：Spring Roll(s)54. 莲藕：Lotus Root55. 追星族：Star Struck56. 故宫博物院：The Palace Museum57. 相声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58. 下岗：Lay off/Laid off59. 北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck60. 高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education61. 烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker62. 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves63. 电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit64. 香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao65. 文化大革命：Cultural Revolution66. 长江中下游地区：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River67. 门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match68. 《水浒》：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh69. 中外合资企业：Joint Ventures70. 文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）："The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush/Writing Brush, Tusche/ Inkstick, Paper/ Rice Paper, and Inkstone/ Inkslab"71. 笔架：penholder72. 笔筒：brush pot73. 镇纸：paperweight74. 书法：calligraphy75. 湖笔的尖健齐圆四德：sharp, tough, neat, and round.76. 衙门 yamen77. 叩头 kowtow78. 孔子Confucius79. 牌楼 pailou；pai-loo80. 武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)81. 功夫 kungfu ；kung fu82. 中庸 the way of medium (cf. Golden Means)83. 中和 harmony (zhonghe)84. 孝顺 to show filial obedience85. 孝子 dutiful son86. 家长 family head87. 宗族 patriarchal clan88. 三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son, husband guides wife 89. 五常：仁、义、理、智、信five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity90. 八股文 eight-legged essays/ eight-part essays91. 四书五经 Four Books and Five Classics92. 多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness93. 养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age94. 八卦 trigram95. 阴、阳 yin, yang96. 江湖（世界） the jianghu World（the traits’ world）97. 道 Daoism（Taoism）98. 上火 excessive internal heat99. 儒学 Confucianism100. 红学（《红楼梦》研究） redology101. 世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia102. 开放 kaifang （Chinese openness to the outside world）103. 大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done 104. 不搞一刀切no imposing uniformity on …105. 合乎国情，顺乎民意to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people106. 乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge107. 铁交椅iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post 108. 脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty109. 治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline110. 锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)111. 花卷 steamed twisted rolls112. 套餐 set meal113. 盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away114. 米粉 rice noodles115. 冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.) 116. 火锅 chafing dish117. 八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding118. 粉丝 glass noodles119. 豆腐脑 jellied bean curd120. 基层监督 grass-roots supervision121. 婚介所 matrimonial agency122. 机器阅卷 machine scoring123. 基础税率 base tariff level124. 婚外恋 extramarital love125. 黑心棉 shoddy cotton126. 婚纱摄影 bride photo127. 家政服务 household management service128. 即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery129. 价格听证会 public price hearings130. 集中精力把经济建设搞上去go all out for economic development131. 加强舆论监督ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion132. 假帐 accounting fraud133. 叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel134. 渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence135.借调 temporarily transfer136. 扩大中等收入者比重Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.137. 扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption 138. 焦点访谈 Topics in Focus139. 新闻调查 News Probe140. 新闻30分 News in 30 Minutes141. 市场热线 Market Hotline142. 世界经济报道 World Economic Report143. 股市分析 Stock Market Analysis144. 足球之夜 Soccer Night145. 东方时尚 Oriental Fashion146. 春节联欢晚会 Spring Festival Gala Evening147. 半边天 Half the Sky148. 综艺大观 Super Variety Show149. 戏迷园地 Garden for Opera Fans150. 大风车 Big Pinwheel151. 七巧板 Tangram152. 中华民族 Chinese Ethnic Peoples153. 周日话题 Sunday Topics154. 科技博览 Science and Technology Review 155. 人与自然 Man and Nature156. 正大综艺 Zhengda Variety Show157. 书坛画苑 Gallery of Calligraphy Painting 158. 天涯共此时 Time Together across the Strait 159. 华夏风情 China Kaleidoscope160. 中国各地 Around China161. 诗 The Book of Songs162. 书 Collection of Ancient Texts163. 礼 The Rites164. 易 The Book of Changes165. 春秋 The Spring & Autumn Annals166. 四库全书 The Four Branches of Literature 167. 经部 Confucian Classics168. 史部 Historical Classics169. 子部 Philosophical & Scientific Classics 170. 集部 Literary Classics (Belles Lettres) 171. 卦 hexagrams172. 六爻 hexagram173. 卦辞 text supplementary to hexagram 174. 越剧 Yue Opera- Zhejiang & Shanghai 175. 黄梅戏 Huangmei Opera- Anhui176. 豫剧 Yu Opera- Henan177. 平剧 Ping Opera- north (Hebei)178. 昆腔 Kun Tune179. 高腔 High Tune (Yi 弋 and Jing Tune) 180. 弦索腔 Xuansuo Tune181. 梆子腔 Bangzi Tune182. 皮簧腔 Pihuang Tune如有帮助，欢迎支持。
中国特色词汇及其英译
宣纸rice paper衙门yamen叩头kowtow孔子Confucius牌楼pailou；pai-loo武术wushu（Chinese Martial Arts）功夫kungfu ；kung fu中庸the way of medium （cf. Golden Means）中和harmony (zhonghe)孝顺to show filial obedience孝子dutiful son家长family head三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son, husband guides wife五常：仁、义、理、智、信five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity八股文eight-legged essays多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one's old ageThe 24 Solar Terms:立春Spring begins.雨水The rains.惊蛰Insects awaken.春分Vernal Equinox清明Clear and bright.谷雨Grain rain.立夏Summer begins.小满Grain buds.芒种Grain in ear.夏至Summer solstice.小暑Slight heat.大暑Great heat.立秋Autumn begins.处暑Stopping the heat.白露White dews.秋分Autumn Equinox.寒露Cold dews.霜降Hoar-frost falls.立冬Winter begins.小雪Light snow.大雪Heavy snow.冬至Winter Solstice.小寒Slight cold.大寒Great cold戏剧表演Theatrical Performances京剧人物脸谱types of facial makeup in Beijing opera 生male characters末middle-aged male characters净“painted face” characters旦female characters丑clown京剧票友amateur performer of Peking Opera木偶戏puppet show独角戏monodrama; one-man play皮影戏shadow play; leather-silhouette show折子戏opera highlights戏剧小品skit哑剧dumb show; mime; mummery; pantomime单口相声monologue comic talk双口相声witty dialogue口技vocal imitations; ventriloquisim说书monologue story-telling杂技acrobatic performance叠罗汉making a human pyramid特技stunt踩高跷stilt walk马戏circus performances神化人物Mythological Figures八仙the Eight Immortals嫦娥Chang’e (the Chinese moon godd ess)伏羲Fu Xi (God of Fishery and Husbandry)福禄寿三星the three gods of fortune, prosperity and longevity共工God of Water后羿Houyi (a legendary hero who shot down nine suns)黄帝Yellow Emperor夸父Kuafu (a fabled sun-chasing giant)女娲Goddess of Sky-patching盘古Pan Gu (creator of the universe)神农Patron of Agriculture禹Yu (the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty)祝融God of Fire古代建筑Ancient Architecture塔pagoda琉璃塔glazed stupa舍利塔dagoba; sarira stupa (a pagoda for Buddhist relics)舍利子sarira remains from cremation of Buddha’s or saints’ body 喇嘛塔Lamaist pagoda楼storied buildings钟楼bell tower鼓楼drum tower阁pavilion烽火台beacon tower华表ornamental column牌坊memorial archway艺术及工艺Arts and Crafts版画engraving贝雕画shell carving picture彩塑painted sculpture瓷器porcelain; china刺绣embroidery雕刻carving宫灯palace lantern国画Chinese painting剪纸paper-cut景德镇瓷Jingdezhen porcelain景泰蓝cloisonné enamel蜡染batik麦秸画straw patchwork木/石/竹刻wood/stone/bamboo carving木刻画wood engraving泥人儿clay figure皮影shadow puppet漆画lacquer painting漆器lacquerware双面绣two-sided embroidery水墨画Chinese brush drawing; ink and wash painting檀香扇sandalwood fan唐三彩Tang tri-coloured pottery陶器pottery; earthenware图章seal拓碑making rubbings from inscriptions, pictures, etc. on stone tablets 拓片rubbing微雕miniature engraving象牙雕刻ivory carving宜兴陶Yixing pottery篆刻sealcutting中国特色词汇及其英译作者：未知文章来源：转载点击数：1300 时间：2010-12-29 18:33:50一、前言英语从它传入中国的第一天开始就发挥着强大的交流作用，同时也开始了在中国发展的过程。
中国历史文化常用词汇英译(英语四六级翻译必背)
中国历史文化常用词汇英译Confucianism 儒教/儒家思想Taoism 道教Buddhism佛教temple寺庙Confucius孔子Mencius孟子Lao Tzu 老子ethics伦理学morality 道德benevolence 仁spiritual 精神的harmony 和谐The Analects of Confucius《论语》The Art of War《孙子兵法》Historical Records《史记》Historical Records《史记》zodiac十二生肖feudal封建的dynasty 朝代emperor；monarch皇帝，君主rein 统治royal 皇家的Tang Princess Wencheng 文成公主Empress Dowager Ci Xi慈禧太后prime minister丞相，宰相ethnic minority少数民族offer sacrifices 祭祀the Western Regions西域cradle of civilization文明的摇篮the Reform Movement of 1898 戌戌变法the Opium War 鸦片战争the War of Resistance Against Japan抗日战争Lunar calendar阴历Fengshui；geomantic omen风水calligraphy书法copybook 字帖Chinese character 汉字pictographic characters象形文字Mandarin （中国）普通话dialect 方言Chinese traditional painting 国画ink-wash painting 水墨画landscape painting 山水画mount裱scroll卷轴figure人物pavilion 阁，亭writing brush 毛笔ink 墨Xuan paper宣纸ink stone 砚台 A Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival清明上河图mural painting 壁画clay figure泥人folk art 民间艺术craftsman 工匠Beijing Opera 京剧facial make-up 脸谱costume 服装acrobatics杂技cross-talk 相声clapper talk快板storytelling评书Xiaopin小品Puppet show木偶剧shadow play 皮影戏zither古筝Tai Chi太极the four great inventions of ancient China 中国古代四大发明the Silk Road丝绸之路compass 指南针papermaking 造纸术gunpowder火药printing 印刷术movable type printing活字印刷fleet 舰队voyage航海traditional Chinese medicine 中药acupuncture 针灸medical massage推拿herbal medicine草药abacus 算盘bronze ware 青铜器porcelain 瓷器seismograph 地动仪Go 围棋martial arts (Wushu)武术fireworks 烟花firecracker鞭炮statutory holiday 法定假日Spring Festival 春节The Spring Festival Gala on CCTV春节联欢晚会gift of money wrapped in red paper 红包New Year gift－money压岁钱family reunion 团圆Lantern Festival元宵节Dragon Boat Festival 端午节sticky rice dumplings粽子Mid-autumn Festival 中秋节moon cake 月饼the Double Seventh Festival 七夕Spring Festival couplets 对联temple fair庙会festival lantern花灯lantern riddle灯谜God of Wealth 财神dumpling 饺子dragon boat race 龙舟赛dragon and lion dance 狮子龙灯舞stilt walking踩高跷dragon boat race赛龙舟kite flying 放风筝Yangge dance 秧歌舞Chinese cuisine中国菜color色aroma香taste , flavor 味chopsticks 筷子Sichuan cuisine川菜soybean milk 豆浆deep－fried dough sticks油条steamed buns 馒头steamed twisted rolls花卷steamed stuffed buns包子Beijing roast duck北京烤鸭hand－stretched noodles拉面hot pot火锅tofu 豆腐instant noodles 方便面wood-cut block print 木刻版画papercutting, paper-cuts 剪纸Chinese Spring Festival Paintings年画cloisonne 景泰蓝embroidery刺绣Suzhou embroidery苏绣batik 蜡染pattern 图案decorate v. 装饰decoration n. 装饰Chinese tunic suit 中山装cheongsam (qipao ) 旗袍Tang-style costume 唐装feature 特色unique to China 中国特有的characteristic 特点the Imperial Palace故宫the Forbidden City 紫禁城Beijing quadrangles北京四合院hutong胡同the Temple of Heaven 天坛The Summer Palace颐和园the Great Wall 长城drum tower鼓楼the Terra-cotta Army of the First Emperor of Qin兵马俑the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi 黄帝陵scenery, landscape 风景place of interests名胜tourist attraction/resort 观光胜地sightsee v. 观光，游览Mount Huangshan 黄山the Jiuzhaigou Valley 九寨沟the Mogao Caves 莫高窟giant panda 大熊猫rare 珍稀的bamboo竹子。
中国特色文化词英译
c.今儿我听了他的短儿，一时人急造反，狗急跳墙，不但 生事，而且我还没趣。（第二十七回）
Y: “Desperation drives men to rebel and a dog to jump over a wall.” If she thinks I know her secret there may be trouble, and that would be awkward for me. (Chapter 27)
龙
民族象征
the Chinese dragon
龙的东西方差异
汉译英时的增省
Beowulf
Isabellla: It's a brother's duty, dear Edgar, to introduce his sister to some other type than fops and pale young poets. Edgar: Oh, you want a dragon? Isabella: Yes, I do. With a fiery mustache. (Wuthering Heights)
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
d.狗嘴里还有象牙不成。（第四十二回） Y: One doesn’t expect ivory from a dog’s mouth. (Chapter 42) H: One doesn’t expect ivory from a dog’s mouth. (Chapter 42)
e.我不过看着太太的面上，你又有几岁年纪，叫你一声 “妈妈”，你就狗仗人势，天天作耗，在我们跟前逞脸。 （第七十四回） Y: It’s only for Her Ladyship’s sake and because you’re old that I call you “nurse”, but like a dog counting on its master’s backing you’re always making trouble. (Chapter 74) H: It seems that the respect that I and the others show you, even though it is only for Her Ladyship’s sake and out of consideration for your age, merely encourages you to make mischief for us and abuse your borrowed powers. That, in all conscience, is hard enough to bear. But now, to lay hands on me - that is really too much! (Chapter 74)
文化英语词汇大全掌握不同文化的特点传统和习俗的英文表达
文化英语词汇大全掌握不同文化的特点传统和习俗的英文表达Cultural English Vocabulary: Mastering Expressions of Different Cultures' Characteristics, Traditions, and CustomsIntroduction:Language is not just a tool for communication; it also reflects the rich cultural heritage of different societies across the globe. Understanding the vocabulary associated with various cultures can help us appreciate and respect diversity. In this article, we will explore a comprehensive collection of English words and phrases that describe the characteristics, traditions, and customs of different cultures.1. Western Culture:1.1 Characteristics:- Individualism: The belief in personal independence, freedom, and self-reliance.- Consumerism: An emphasis on the acquisition and consumption of goods.- Equality: The principle of fairness and equal opportunities for all individuals.1.2 Traditions:- Christmas: Celebrated on December 25th, it commemorates the birth of Jesus Christ.- Thanksgiving: A holiday celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November, expressing gratitude for the blessings of the year.- Halloween: Observed on October 31st, it involves costumes, trick-or-treating, and pumpkin carving.1.3 Customs:- Shaking hands: A common greeting gesture in Western culture, symbolizing trust and respect.- Dining etiquette: Certain rules, such as using utensils, chewing with the mouth closed, and waiting for others before starting a meal.- Tipping: Monetary gratitude shown to service providers, such as waiters, taxi drivers, or hotel staff.2. Eastern Culture:2.1 Characteristics:- Collectivism: The emphasis on the group's interests over individual desires.- Harmony: Striving for balance and peace in relationships and society.- Respect for elders: Valuing and honoring the wisdom and experience of older generations.2.2 Traditions:- Chinese New Year: Based on the lunar calendar, it involves family gatherings, feasts, firecrackers, and the exchange of red envelopes (hongbao).- Diwali: A Hindu festival of lights celebrated in India and other South Asian countries, symbolizing the victory of light over darkness.- Tea ceremonies: A traditional practice in countries like Japan and China, where tea preparation and serving are highly ritualized.2.3 Customs:- Bowing: A gesture of respect in Eastern cultures, with the depth of the bow indicating the level of respect.- Removing shoes: In many Asian households, it is customary to remove shoes before entering to maintain cleanliness and show respect.- Gift-giving: The act of presenting gifts, often wrapped in red or auspicious colors, as a gesture of showing respect and gratitude.3. African Culture:3.1 Characteristics:- Ubuntu: The belief in the interconnectedness and shared humanity among individuals.- Oral tradition: The preservation and transmission of cultural history through storytelling, proverbs, and folklore.- Ethnic diversity: Africa is home to numerous ethnic groups, each with its distinct languages, traditions, and customs.3.2 Traditions:- Coming of age ceremonies: Rituals marking the transition from childhood to adulthood, often involving tests or initiation rituals.- Tribal dances: Traditional dances performed on special occasions, conveying stories, celebrations, or spiritual practices.- Naming ceremonies: Ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child and select a meaningful name based on family, circumstances, or desired qualities.3.3 Customs:- Kente cloth: A brightly colored and patterned fabric, often associated with Ghanaian culture and worn on special occasions.- Respect for elders: Similar to Eastern cultures, African societies place great importance on respecting and valuing older generations.- Drumming: Music plays a significant role in African culture, with drumming being a traditional and celebratory form of communication.Conclusion:Language is a gateway to understanding and appreciating different cultures. By learning the vocabulary associated with various cultural characteristics, traditions, and customs, we can foster cross-cultural understanding and respect. Embracing diversity not only enriches our own lives but also contributes to a more harmonious and interconnected world. So, let's continue exploring and embracing the beauty of diverse cultures through language learning.Note: This article is formatted in a standard informational essay style.。
中国传统文化名称英语翻译
中国传统文化名称英语翻译我们学了英语，需要用英文介绍中国的美食和文化时，是否常常困惑怎么准确地翻译中国传统文化名词？比如火锅、羊肉泡馍、小笼包、豆腐脑？比如《诗经》、《史记》、《红楼梦》、《西游记》？现在中国传统文化名词英语翻译来了，一起来学习起来吧！1、元宵节：Lantern Festival2、刺绣：Embroidery3、重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival4、清明节：Tomb sweeping day5、剪纸：Paper Cutting6、书法：Calligraphy7、对联：Couplet8、象形文字：Pictograms,/Pictographic Characters9、雄黄酒：Realgar wine10、四合院：Siheyuan,/Quadrangle11、战国：Narring States12、风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen13、昱曲：Kunqu Opera14、长城：The Great Wall15、集体舞：Group Dance16、黄土高原：Loess Plateau17、红白喜事：Neddings and Funerals18、中秋节：Mid-autumn Day19、花鼓戏：Flower Drum Song2O、儒家文化：Confucian Culture21、中国结：Chinese Knotting22、古装片：Costume Drama23、武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie24、元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling25、越剧：Yue Opera26、火锅：Hot Pot27、江南：South Regions of the Yangtze River28、《诗经》：The Book of Songs29、谜语：Riddle3O、《史记》：Historical Records,/Records of theGrand Historian31、《红楼梦》：A Dream of Red Mansions32、《西游记》：The Journey to the West33、除夕：Chinese New Year’sEve/Eve of theSpring Festival34、针灸：Acupuncture35、唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of Tang Dynas-ty/The Tang Tri-color Pottery36、二人车转：Errenzhuan37、偏旁：Radical38、孟子：Mencius39、亭/阁：Pavilion/Attic40、黄梅戏：Huangmei opera41、火药：Gunpowder42、农历：Lunar Calendar43、印/玺：Seal/Stamp44、腊八节：The laba Rice Porridge Festival45、京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera46、秦腔：Qin Opera47、太极拳：Tai Chi48、《本草纲目》：Compendium of Materia Medica49、天坛：Temple of Heaven5O、小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand51、红双喜：Double Happiness52、文房四宝：The Four Treasures of the Study、笔墨纸砚：Brush,Inkstick,Paper,and Inkstone53、春卷：Spring Roll(s)54、莲藕：Lotus Root55、《三国演义》：The Romance of Three Kingdoms56、故宫博物院：The Palace Museum57、相声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58、五行：Five Elements59、北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck60、《桃花扇》：The Peach Blossom Fan61、木偶戏：Puppet Show62、敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves63、电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit64、甲骨文：Oracle Bone Inscriptions65、古筝：Chinese Zither66、二胡：Urheen67、门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match68、《水浒》：Water Margin,/Outlaws of the Marsh69、炸酱面：Noodles with Bean Paste7O、国子监：Imperial Academy71、兵马俑：Cotta Warriors,/Terracotta Army72、旗袍：Cheongsam73、指南针：Compass74、泼水节：Water-Splashing Day75、馄饨：Wonton76、花卷：Steamed twisted rolls77、羊肉泡馍：Pita Bread Soaked in Lamb Soup78、冰糖葫芦：A stick of sugar--coated haws79、八宝饭：Eight--treasure rice pudding80、粉丝：Chinese Vermicelli81、豆腐脑：Jellied bean curd82、小品：Witty Skits83、孝顺：To show filial obedience84、武术：NuShu(Chinese Martial Arts)85、宣纸：Rice Paper86、衙门：Yamen87、叩头：Kowtow88、中庸：The way of medium(cf.Golden Means)89、牌楼：Pailou(pai-loo)90、东坡肉：Dongpo Pork91、中山陵：The Sun Yat--sen Mausoleum92、秦淮河：Qinhuai River93、玄武湖：Xuanwu Lake94、夫子庙：The Confucian Temple95、甲鸭血粉丝：Chinese Vermicelli Cooked withDuck Blood96、盐水鸭：Yanshuiya,or boiled salted duck97、大煮千丝：Raised Shredded Chicken with Hamand Dried Tofu98、小笼包：Steamed buns99、明孝陵：Ming Tomb100、云锦：Nanjing brocade。
文化类 英语翻译词汇
CATTI笔译考试词汇必备：文化类1. 消除愚昧 eliminate ignorance2. 扫除文盲 eliminate (wipe out) illiteracy3. 营造良好的文化环境 create a healthy cultural environment4. 促进文化市场健康发展 facilitate the sound development of the markets for cultural products5. 开展对外文化交流 conduct cultural exchange with other countries6. 博采各国文化之长 draw on strong point of the cultures of other countries7. 开展群众性文化活动 carry out mass activities on culture8. 保护文化遗产 protect cultural heritage9. 继承历史文化优秀传统 carry on the fine cultural traditions handed from history carry on the fine historical and cultural traditions10. 繁荣文学艺术 enable literature and art to flourish promote flourishing literature and art11. 举行每年一次的学术会议 hold an annual academic meeting12. 尊重知识，尊重人才 respect knowledge and respect competent people13. 向世界展示中国文化建设的成就 introduce China’s achievements of cultural advancement to the world14. 加强文化基础设施建设 build more cultural establishments15. 提倡文明的生活方式 advocate civilized lifestyle(way of life)16. 不注重历史 neglect history17. 推动人类文明进步 push forward human civilization18. 对......持欢迎态度 take a welcoming attitude to19. 与各国人民交往 communicate with people of all countries20. 和......持相同观点 share views similar to21. 促进儿童身心健康发展 promote the healthy development of children both physically and mentally22. 改进教学 improve teaching and learning23. 保护文化遗产 protect cultural relics24. 触击现行法律的盲区 touch a blank area of the existing law25. 增强自我保护意识 strengthen one’s awareness of protecting one’s right26. 列为世界自然文化遗产 list …as a world natural heritage site27. 以全新的面貌进入新世纪 enter the new century with a brand-new colorful look28. 普及科普知识，传播科学思想，倡导科学精神 popularize scientific and technological knowledge, spread scientific thought and advocate the scientific spirit29. 提高公务员的综合素质 improve the overall quality of civil servants30. 通过资格考试 pass qualification examinations31. 举办文化节 / 展览会 hold (conduct, give) cultural festivals / an exhibition32. 普及九年制义务教育 make nine-year compulsory education universal33. 精心编写教材 compile the textbooks with great care34 承担应有的义务 undertake the due obligations35. 促进相互了解 enhance (further) mutual understanding36. 相互促进 help each other forward37. 互派访问学者 exchange visiting scholars38. 交换意见 exchange views (ideas, opinions)39. 反映中国的灿烂文化 reflect the rich culture of China40. 容纳三千名旅客 accommodate 3000 passengers41. 发挥......的聪明才智 develop one’s own talents and wisdom42. 充分发挥知识分子的积极性和创造性give full play to the initiative and creativity of intellectuals43. 开设课程 offer courses44. 重视实用性 place stress on practicality45. 制止盗版软件 control the pirated software46. 提供受教育机会 offer a chance of education47. 有力地推动教育的发展 give a big push to the development of education48. 承前启后，继往开来 build on the past and prepare for the future; inherit the past and usher in the future49. 物质文明，精神文明一起抓 pay equal attention to the material progress and cultural progress50. 形成文明、健康、崇尚科学的社会风尚 form civilized, healthy and science - upholding social practice。
中国文化特色词汇英文
中国文化特色词汇英文1. 春节：Spring Festival2. 元宵节：Lantern Festival3. 清明节：Tomb Sweeping Day4. 端午节：Dragon Boat Festival5. 中秋节：Mid-Autumn Festival6. 重阳节：Double Ninth Festival7. 四大发明：The Four Great Inventions of Ancient China (Papermaking, Printing, gunpowder, and the compass)8. 京剧：Beijing Opera9. 太极拳：Tai Chi10. 儒家思想：Confucianism11. 道家思想：Taoism12. 汉字：Chinese characters13. 气功：Qigong14. 中医：Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)15. 针灸：Acupuncture16. 风水：Feng Shui17. 红包：Red envelope18. 十二生肖：Chinese Zodiac19. 剪纸：Paper cutting20. 中国结：Chinese knot21. 舞龙舞狮：Dragon and lion dance22. 年夜饭：Reunion dinner on Chinese New Year's Eve23. 红包：Lucky money in red envelopes24. 围棋：Go (a board game)25. 象棋：Chinese chess26. 旗袍：Cheongsam (a traditional Chinese dress for women)27. 唐装：Tang suit (a traditional Chinese dress for men)28. 山水画：Landscape painting29. 民间故事：Folk tales30. 神话传说：Myths and legends这些只是一部分具有中国文化特色的词汇，还有许多其他的词汇和表达方式，它们反映了中国悠久的历史、丰富的传统和独特的哲学观念。
中国特色社会文化词语英文 翻译
中国特色社会文化词语英文翻译1. 元宵节： Lantern Festival2. 刺绣：embroidery3. 重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival4. 清明节：Tomb sweeping day5. 剪纸：Paper Cutting6. 书法：Calligraphy7. 对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets8. 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters9. 人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow10. 四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle11. 战国：Warring States12. 风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen13. 铁饭碗：Iron Bowl14. 函授部：The Correspondence Department15. 集体舞：Group Dance16. 黄土高原：Loess Plateau17. 红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals18. 中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day19. 结婚证：Marriage Certificate20. 儒家文化：Confucian Culture21. 附属学校：Affiliated school22. 古装片：Costume Drama23. 武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie24. 元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup)25. 一国两制：One Country, Two Systems26. 火锅：Hot Pot27. 四人帮：Gang of Four28. 《诗经》：The Book of Songs29. 素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education30. 《史记》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian31. 大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement)32. 《西游记》：The Journey to the West33. 除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival34. 针灸：Acupuncture35. 唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery36. 中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics37. 偏旁：radical38. 孟子：Mencius39. 亭/阁： Pavilion/ Attic40. 大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises41. 火药：gunpowder42. 农历：Lunar Calendar43. 印/玺：Seal/Stamp44. 物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization45. 京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera46. 秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera47. 太极拳：Tai Chi48. 独生子女证：The Certificate of One-child49. 天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing50. 小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand51. 红双喜：Double Happiness52. 政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor53. 春卷：Spring Roll(s)54. 莲藕：Lotus Root55. 追星族：Star Struck56. 故宫博物院：The Palace Museum57. 相声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58. 下岗：Lay off/Laid off59. 北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck60. 高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education61. 烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker62. 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves63. 电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit64. 香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao65. 文化大革命：Cultural Revolution66. 长江中下游地区：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River67. 门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match68. 《水浒》：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh69. 中外合资企业：Joint Ventures70. 文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）："The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush/Writing Brush, Tusche/ Inkstick, Paper/ Rice Paper, and Inkstone/ Inkslab"71. 笔 架：penholder72. 笔 筒：brush pot73. 镇 纸：paperweight74. 书 法：calligraphy75. 湖笔的尖健齐圆四德：sharp, tough, neat, and round.76. 衙门 yamen77. 叩头 kowtow78. 孔子Confucius79. 牌楼 pailou；pai-loo80. 武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)81. 功夫 kungfu ；kung fu82. 中庸 the way of medium (cf. Golden Means)83. 中和 harmony (zhonghe)84. 孝顺 to show filial obedience85. 孝子 dutiful son86. 家长 family head87. 宗族 patriarchal clan88. 三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son, husband guides wife89. 五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity90. 八股文 eight-legged essays/ eight-part essays91. 四书五经 Four Books and Five Classics92. 多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness93. 养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age94. 八卦 trigram95. 阴、阳 yin, yang96. 江湖（世界） the jianghu World（the traits’ world）97. 道 Daoism（Taoism）98. 上火 excessive internal heat99. 儒学 Confucianism100. 红学（《红楼梦》研究） redology101. 世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia102. 开放 kaifang （Chinese openness to the outside world）103. 大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done 104. 不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on …105. 合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people106. 乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge107. 铁交椅 iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post 108. 脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty109. 治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline110. 锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)111. 花卷 steamed twisted rolls112. 套餐 set meal113. 盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away114. 米粉 rice noodles115. 冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.) 116. 火锅 chafing dish117. 八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding118. 粉丝 glass noodles119. 豆腐脑 jellied bean curd120. 基层监督 grass-roots supervision121. 婚介所 matrimonial agency122. 机器阅卷 machine scoring123. 基础税率 base tariff level124. 婚外恋 extramarital love125. 黑心棉 shoddy cotton126. 婚纱摄影 bride photo127. 家政服务 household management service128. 即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery129. 价格听证会 public price hearings130. 集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development131. 加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion132. 假帐 accounting fraud133. 叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel134. 渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence135.借调 temporarily transfer136. 扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.137. 扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption 138. 焦点访谈 Topics in Focus139. 新闻调查 News Probe140. 新闻30分 News in 30 Minutes141. 市场热线 Market Hotline142. 世界经济报道 World Economic Report143. 股市分析 Stock Market Analysis144. 足球之夜 Soccer Night145. 东方时尚 Oriental Fashion146. 春节联欢晚会 Spring Festival Gala Evening 147. 半边天 Half the Sky148. 综艺大观 Super Variety Show149. 戏迷园地 Garden for Opera Fans150. 大风车 Big Pinwheel151. 七巧板 Tangram152. 中华民族 Chinese Ethnic Peoples153. 周日话题 Sunday Topics154. 科技博览 Science and Technology Review 155. 人与自然 Man and Nature156. 正大综艺 Zhengda Variety Show157. 书坛画苑 Gallery of Calligraphy Painting 158. 天涯共此时 Time Together across the Strait 159. 华夏风情 China Kaleidoscope160. 中国各地 Around China161. 诗 The Book of Songs162. 书 Collection of Ancient Texts163. 礼 The Rites164. 易 The Book of Changes165. 春秋 The Spring & Autumn Annals166. 四库全书 The Four Branches of Literature 167. 经部 Confucian Classics168. 史部 Historical Classics169. 子部 Philosophical & Scientific Classics 170. 集部 Literary Classics (Belles Lettres)171. 卦 hexagrams172. 六爻 hexagram173. 卦辞 text supplementary to hexagram174. 越剧 Yue Opera- Zhejiang & Shanghai175. 黄梅戏 Huangmei Opera- Anhui176. 豫剧 Yu Opera- Henan177. 平剧 Ping Opera- north (Hebei)178. 昆腔 Kun Tune179. 高腔 High Tune (Yi 弋 and Jing Tune)180. 弦索腔 Xuansuo Tune181. 梆子腔 Bangzi Tune182. 皮簧腔 Pihuang Tune183. 象形字 Pictographic Characters184. 指事字 Self-Explanatory Characters185. 会意字 Associative Compounds186. 形声字 Pictophonetic Characters187. 假借字 Phonetic Characters188. 转注字 Mutually Explanatory Characters189. 甲骨文Inscriptions on Bones & Tortoise Shells 190. 钟鼎文 Bronze Inscription191. 大篆 Big Seal Characters 192. 小篆 Small Seal Characters 193. 隶书 Official Script194. 楷书 Regular Script195. 草书 Cursive Hand196. 行书 Running Hand。
中国传统文化特色词语汉维翻译
中国传统文化特色词语汉维翻译1. 尊师重道-TeXin-Degwar：尊重老师和恪守道德准则的传统文化价值观。
2. 和衷共济-Hemhah-Trexem：指不同观点的人可以合作达成共同目标的能力。
3. 因材施教-Yinjeh-Shijaw：教育者应该根据学生的不同能力和需求，采用不同的教育方法和手段。
4. 家和万事兴-Khaqin-Dizèèdaw：指一个家庭和睦相处，一切事情都能够顺利进行。
5. 忍辱负重-Renruh-Fuzhong：指在困难和挫折面前，能够忍耐和承受重负的精神品质。
6. 博学多才-Bokhok-Duohaw：指一个人知识广博，才干出众，能够在多个领域发挥其才华和能力。
7. 求真务实-Qiuqin-Wusheh：指坚持实事求是，不谦虚不虚荣，注重实际行动和成果的传统价值观。
8. 平等互惠-Pingdeng-Huhjwah：指在人与人之间应该保持平等和相互帮助的理念。
9. 勤俭节约-Qinjen-Zesyé：指节制浪费，注重勤劳和节俭的传统生活方式。
10. 德才兼备-Deka-Jianbeye：指一个人既有道德品质，又具备才华和能力的综合素质。
11. 克己奉公-Kahji-Fungee：指为公共利益而自我克制和奋斗的精神品质。
12. 以人为本-Yiren-Wobun：指在任何事务中，都应该以人的幸福和福利为出发点的价值观。
13. 明礼诚信-Mihnli-Cheinkshin：指尊重他人，诚实守信的传统道德观念。
14. 敬老爱幼-Jingle-Aiyou：指尊重老人和热爱孩子的传统文化现象。
16. 君子之交淡如水-Junzi-Dzhihow Damrwash：指因为道德卓越而建立的朋友关系，纯洁无私，像水一般清澈。
17. 诸恶莫作 Ya-shlemua-Tashym：指坚持不做任何恶劣的事情。
18. 以德治国-Yiden-Zigū：指在国家治理中，依据道德准则，注重教育和德行的传统文化思想。
中国文化特色词语翻译——以“蹴鞠”一词为例
2019年第6期总第157期福建师大福清分校学报JOURNAL OF FUQING BRANCH OF FUJIAN NORMAL UNIVERSITYNo.6 2019Sum 157中国文化特色词语翻译——以“蹴鞠”一词为例贺紫晗 ，詹全旺（安徽大学外语学院，安徽合肥 230601）摘 要：以“蹴鞠”一词为例，建立汉英平行语料库，借鉴Aixelá的文化专有项翻译策略，探讨“蹴鞠”一词英译的处理方式，并检验该翻译策略的适用性。
研究发现，“蹴鞠”一词的英译运用到以下策略：转换写法（orthographic adaptation）、有限泛化（limited universalization）、文内注释（intratextual gloss）、绝对泛化（absolute universalization），同时笔者根据自建语料库数据发现该翻译策略尚未覆盖完全，故补充了一项“音译+解释”策略。
关键词：蹴鞠；Aixelá；文化专有项；汉英平行语料库中图分类号：H059 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1008-3421（2019）06-0053-06收稿日期：2019-04-25基金项目： 教育部人文社科研究重点基地重大项目（13JJD770001）。
第一作者： 贺紫晗（1995— ），女，安徽蚌埠人，在读硕士研究生，研究方向为翻译理论与实践。
通讯作者：詹全旺（1968— ），男，安徽安庆人，博士，教授，研究方向为词汇语用、话语分析。
一、文化特色词语研究综述在经济全球化和“一带一路”的背景下，跨文化交流日益密切。
目前，很多国家和地区已与我国建立了文化合作关系。
对此我们应该强调文化“走出去”战略，建立文化自信。
翻译在传播文化中起着重要作用，但是各地区文化自身的独特性和显著的差异性成为翻译实践中的重点和难点。
文化特色词语是世界友人了解中国文化重要的载体，因此有必要深入文化特色词语的翻译研究，促进文化交流与传播。
中国特色词汇英语翻译
中国历史与文化秦腔Qin opera功夫Kungfu太极Tai Chi口技ventriloquism木偶戏puppet show皮影戏shadow play折子戏opera highlights杂技acrobatics相声witty dialogue comedy刺绣embroidery苏绣Suzhou embroidery泥人clay figure书法calligraphy中国画traditional Chinese painting水墨画Chinese brush painting中国结Chinese knot中国古代四大发明the four great inventions of ancient China 火药gunpowder印刷术printing造纸术paper-making指南针the compass青铜器bronze ware瓷器porcelain ; china唐三彩tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 景泰蓝cloisonne秋千swing武术martial art儒家思想Confucianism儒家文化Confucian culture道教Taoism墨家Mohism法家Legalism佛教Buddhism孔子Confucius孟子Mencius老子Lao Tzu庄子Chuang Tzu墨子Mo Tzu孙子Sun Tzu象形文字pictographic characters《大学》The Great Learning《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean《论语》The Analects of Confucius《孟子》The Mencius《孙子兵法》The Art of War《三国演义》Three Kingdms《西游记》Journey to the West文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）the Four Treasures of the Study ( brush ,ink Stick ,paper , and ink stone )《红楼梦》Dream of Red Mansions《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals《史记》Historical Records《诗经》The Book of Songs《易经》The I Ching; The Book of Changes《礼记》The Book of Rites《三字经》Three-character Scriptures八股文eight-part essay五言绝句five-character quatrain七言律诗seven-character octave旗袍cheongsam中山装Chinese tunic suit唐装Tang suit风水Fengshui;geomantic omen阳历Solar calendar阴历Lunar calendar闰年leap year十二生肖zodiac春节the Spring Festival元宵节the Lantern Festival清明节the Tomb Festival端午节the Dragon-boat Festival中秋节the Mid-autumn Day重阳节the Double-ninth Day七夕节the Double-seventh Day春联spring couplets庙会temple fair爆竹firecracker年画（traditional) New Year pictures压岁钱New Year gift-money舞龙dragon dance踩高跷stlit walking赛龙舟dragon boat race胡同hutong山东幕Shandong cuisine川菜Sichuan cuisine粤菜Canton cuisine扬州菜Yangzhou cuisine月饼moon cake年糕rice cake油条deep-friend dough sticks豆浆soybean milk馒头steamed buns花卷steamed twisted rolls包子steamed stuffed buns北京烤鸭Beijing roast duck拉面hand-stretched noodles馄饨wonton (dumplings in soup)豆腐tofu; bean curd麻花fried dough twist烧饼clay oven rolls皮蛋100-year egg; century egg蛋炒饭fried rice with egg糖葫芦tomatoes on sticks火锅hot pot长城the Great Wall of China烽火台beacon tower秦始皇陵the Mausoleum of Emperor Qingshihuang 兵马俑Terracotta Warriors and Horses大雁塔Big Wild Goose Pagoda丝绸之路the Silk Road敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes华清池Huaqing Hot Springs五台山Wutai Mountain九华山Jiuhua Mountain峨眉山Mount Emei泰山Mount Tai黄山Mount Huangshang ; the Yellow Mountain 故宫the Imperial Palace天坛the Temple of Heaven午门Meridian Gate大运河Grand Canal护城河the Moat回音壁Echo Wall居庸关Juyongguan Pass九龙壁the Nine Dragon Wall黄帝陵the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi十三陵the Ming Tombs苏州园林Suzhou gardens西湖West Lake九寨沟Jiuzhaigou Valley日月潭Sun Moon Lake布达拉宫Potala Palace鼓楼drum tower四合院quadrangle；courtyard complex孔庙Confiicius Temple乐山大佛Leshan Giant Buddha十八罗汉the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha喇嘛Lama转世灵童reincamated soul boy中药traditional Chinese medicine《皇帝内经》Emperor Huangdi’s Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine 《神农本草经》Shennong’s Herbal Classic《本草纲目》Compendiwn of Materia Medica针灸acupuncture推拿medical massage切脉feeling the pulse五禽戏five-animal exercises旧石器时代the Paleolithic Age新石器时代the Neolithic Age;New Stone Age母系氏族社会matriarchal clan society封建的feudal朝代dynasty秦朝Qin Dynasty汉朝Han Dynasty唐朝Tang Dynasty宋朝Song Dynasty元朝Yuan Dynasty南昌起义Nanchang Uprising918事变September 18th Incident长征the Long March西安事变Xi’an Incident南京大屠杀Nanjing Massacre抗日战争the War of Resistance Against Japan毛泽东Mao Tse-tong孙中山Sun Yat-sen蒋介石Chiang Kai-shek国民党Kuomingtang中华人民共和国the People’s Republic of China满族Manchu蒙古人Mongol士大夫scholar-officials学者scholar诗人poet政治家statesman社会地位social status中国社会多元文化论cultural pluralism文化适应acculturation社会保障social security班车shuttle bus搬迁户 a relocated unit or household大龄青年single youth above the normal matrimonial age 独生子女the only child in a family单亲single parent福利彩票welfare lotteries家政服务household management service民工migrant laborers名人celebrity农村剩余劳动力surplus rural labor/laborers青春期puberty全民健身运动nationwide fitness campaign全国人口普查nationwide census社会保险social insurance暂住证temporary residence permit/card青少年犯罪juvenile delinquency性骚扰sexual harassment走私smuggling性别歧视sexual/gender discrimination年龄歧视age discrimination工作歧视job discrimination享乐主义hedonism文盲illiteracy贫富分化disparity between the rich and the poor盗版pirated/illegal copies一国两制One Country, Two Systems三个代表the Three Represents Theory两会（人大，政协）Two Conferences(NPC and CPPCC)南南合作South-South Cooperation南北对话North-South Dialog人大常委会People’s Congress Standing Committ ee法制观念awareness of law法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system改革开放reform and opening-up公务员civil servants官僚主义作风the bureaucratic style of work和谐并存harmonious coexistence计划生育family planning计划生育基本国策the basic state policy of family planning精神文明建设the construction of spiritual civilization居委会neighborhood committee科教兴国national rejuvenation through science and education 可持续发展sustainable development廉洁高效honesty and high efficiency两岸关系cross-straits relations两岸谈判cross-straits negotiations领土完整territorial integrity民族精神national spirit普选制general election system求同存异seek common ground while shelving differences人大代表NPC member物质文明和精神文明material and spiritual civilization小康社会 a well-off society小康水品 a well-off standard一个中国原则the one-China principle与时俱进keep pace with the times综合国力overall national strength共同愿望common desire“走出去”战略going global不结盟non-alignment单边主义unilateralism多边政策multilateralism多极世界multipolar word人口老龄化aging of population人口出生率birth date社区服务community service道德法庭count of ethics盗用公款embezzlement成人夜校night school for adults在职进修班on-job training courses政治思想教育political and ideological education充电update one’s knowledge初等教育elementary education大学城college town大学社区college community高等教育higher education高等教育“211工程”the “211 Project” for higher education高等学府institution of higher education综合性大学comprehensive university文科院校colleges of(liberal) arts理工科大学college/university of science and engineering师范学院teachers college; normal college高分低能high scores and low abilities高考(university/college) entrance examination高校扩招the college expansion plan教育界education circle教育投入input in education九年义务教育nine-year compulsory education考研take an entrance exams for postgraduate schools课外活动extracurricular activities必修课required/compulsory course选修课elective/optional course基础课basic courses专业课specialized courses课程表school schedule教学大纲teaching program; syllabus学习年限period of schooling学分credit启发式教学heuristic人才交流talent exchange人才战competition for talented people商务英语证书Business English Certificate(BEC)适龄儿童入学率enrollment rate for children of school age升学率proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate 硕博连读 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study 素质教育quality-oriented education填鸭式教学cramming method of teaching希望工程Project Hope走读生extern ;non-resident student住宿生boarder研究生graduate student; post-graduate(student)应届毕业生graduating student; current year’s student毕业分配生graduate placement; assignment of graduate校园数字化campus digitalization校园文化campus culture学汉语热enthusiasm in learning Chinese学历教育education with record of formal schooling学龄儿童school-ager学前教育preschool education学生减负alleviate the burden on students应试教育exam-oriented education职业道德work ethics; professional ethics记者招待会press conference国家教委State Education Commission国家统计局State Statistical Bureau职业培训job training职业文盲functional illiterate智力引进recruit/introduce( foreign) talents智商intelligence quotient( IQ)助学行动activity to assist the impoverished students网络世界cyber world网络文化cyber culture网络犯罪cyber crime网上购物online shopping高产优质high yield and high quality高科技园high-tech park工业园区industrial park火炬计划Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology) 信息港info port信息革命information revolution电子货币e-currency人工智能artificial intelligence( AI)生物技术bio-technology克隆cloning基因工程genetic engineering转基因食品genetically modified food( GM food)试管婴儿test-tube baby基因突变genetic mutation网络出版e-publishing三维电影three-dimensional movie光谷optical valley虚拟银行virtual bank信息化informationization信息高速公路information superhighway新兴学科new branch of science; emerging discipline纳米nanometer个人数字助理personal digital assistant( PDA)生态农业environment-friendly agriculture技术密集产品technology-intensive product数码科技digital technology同步卫星geostationary satellite神舟五号载人飞船manned spacecraft Shenzhou Ⅴ风云二号气象卫星Fengyun Ⅱmeteorological satellite登月舱lunar module多任务小卫星small multi-mission satellite( SMMS)多媒体短信服务Multimedia Messaging Service( MMS)电子商务e-business; e-commerce电子管理e-management办公自动化Office Automation( OA)信息高地information highland信息检索information retrieval电话会议teleconference无土栽培soilless cultivation超级杂交水稻super-hybrid rice科技发展scientific and technological advancement重点项目key project国家重点工程national key project南水北调South-to-North water diversion西电东送West-East electricity transmission project西气东输West-East natural gas transmission project网络造谣fabricating online rumors恶意侵害他人名誉maliciously harming the reputation of others 停止服务closure/shutdown of service公司歇业closure of business道路封闭road closure人为操作差错man-made operational mistakes生态系统ecosystem森林生态系统forest ecosystem海洋生态系统manne ecosystem垄断价格to monopolize the price垄断市场to monopolize/forestall/captive/corner the market 限购私用汽车to curb the purchase of vehicles for private use 汽车限购vehicle purchase restriction汽车配买配额vehicle purchase quotas车牌摇号 a lottery for license plates牌照单双号限odd-even license plate system黑名单制度 a blacklist system执业医师practicing physician; licensed doctors二代身份证2nd-generation ID cards防伪技术anti-forgery technology非法交易illegal transaction冒名顶替identification fraud洗钱money laundering挂失to report the loss补办to re-apply/post-register户籍household registration居住证residence permit山洪暴发flash floods水位water level低洼地区low-lying areas淹没农田to inundate crops大桥垮塌bridge collapse最严重受灾地区worst-hit/worst-stricken area直接经济损失direct economic loss应急系统emergency response system闯红灯running red light遮挡、污损号牌blocking or defacing license plate扣分处罚point penalty酒驾drunk driving终身禁驾lifetime ban from driving中国经济总需求aggregate demand总供给aggregate supply企业文化corporate/entrepreneurial culture企业形象corporate image(CI); enterprise image跨国公司cross-national corporation创业精神enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit外资企业foreign-funded enterprise猎头公司head-hunter假日经济holiday economy人力资本human capital航空和航天工业aerospace industry飞机制造工业aircraft industry汽车制造工业car industry电子工业electronic industry娱乐业entertainment industry信息产业information industry知识密集型产品knowledge-intensive industry国有大中型企业large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 轻工业light industry博彩业lottery industry制造业manufacturing industry垄断行业monopoly industry市场多元化market economy市场经济market supervision市场监督market supervision购买力purchasing power熊市bear market牛市bull market城镇化urbanization房地产real estate首付down-payment业主home owner个人购房贷款individual housing loan经济全球化economic globalization经济特区special economic zones（SEZ)经济增长economic growth泡沫经济bubble economy关税tariff纳税人tax payer宏观经济macro economy货币投放量the size of money supply流动性过剩excess liquidity经济过热overheated economy通货膨胀inflation抑制通货膨胀curb inflation注入流动性to inject liquidity贴现率discount rate存款准备金率reserve requirement ratio公开市场业务open market operation逆回购reverse repurchase agreement引导降低市场借贷成本to guide the market borrowing costs to a lower level 稳健的货币政策prudent monetary policy硬着陆hard landing软着陆soft landing二十国集团Group of Twenty财政部长Finance Minister全年预期经济增长目标the expected growth target for the whole year经济活力economy vitality大规模刺激计划a massive economic stimulus package结构改革structural reform硬资产hard assets软资产soft assets有形资产tangible assets经济走廊economic corridor整顿市场秩序to rectify the market order反垄断antitrust; anti-monopoly定价浮动price fluctuations谋求利益最大化to maximize profit债务审计audit of debt地方性政府债务local government debt/liability公共财政体制改革an overhaul of the public finance system债务管理debt management信用支持credit support。
文化的英语单词形容词
文化的英语单词形容词Culture is a tapestry woven with the threads of history, tradition, and customs. It's the vibrant language of a people, expressed through their art, music, and cuisine.Each culture is unique, a mosaic of stories and experiences that shape a community's identity. It's the heartbeat of a nation, pulsing with the rhythm of its people.Cultural diversity is a treasure trove of knowledge and wisdom, a testament to the richness of human expression. It's the spice of life, adding flavor to the global village.In a world where cultures intersect, the adjectives weuse to describe them should be as diverse and colorful as the cultures themselves. They should reflect the depth, warmth, and complexity of the human spirit.Adjectives like "rich," "ancient," and "exotic" can paint a picture of a culture's heritage. They hint at the layers of history and the depth of tradition that define a people."Inclusive" and "dynamic" are adjectives that capture the essence of a culture that adapts and evolves. They speak tothe resilience and adaptability of human societies."Colorful" and "vibrant" are adjectives that evoke the visual and sensory experiences of a culture. They describethe lively and expressive aspects of a community's way of life."Harmonious" and "cohesive" describe cultures that value unity and cooperation. They reflect the bonds that hold a community together.Ultimately, the adjectives we use to describe culture should be a reflection of our appreciation for the beauty and diversity of the human experience.。
特色用英语怎么说
特色用英语怎么说特色是一个事物或一种事物显著区别于其他事物的风格和形式，是其所属事物独有的。
那么你知道特色用英语怎么说吗?下面跟店铺一起来学习一下特色的英语知识吧。
特色的英语说法characteristicfeaturespecial特色的相关短语特色菜special ; Specialties ; House special dishes ; Special dishes语言特色linguistic features ; language features ; Language Characteristics ; linguistic characteristics建筑特色 architectural feature ; The building characteristic ; Caratteristiche costruttive ; architecture style风味特色 The Specialties ; flavor style ; special favor特色文化 Characteristic Culture ; distinctive culture ; Special culture ; characteristic culture竞争特色 competition characteristics艺术特色 Art Feature ; art characteristics ; Artistic features ; artistic characteristics特色点心 local specialty ; specialty ; Feature dessert ; special snack特色的英语例句1. Traditional Spanish food is delicious and its specialities are worth searching out.传统的西班牙食品美味可口，其特色菜肴值得寻访。
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总需求aggregate demand总供给aggregate supply企业文化corporate/entrepreneurial culture企业形象corporate image (Cl); enterprise image跨国公司cross-national corporation创业精神enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit外资企业foreign-funded enterprise猎头公司head-hunter假日经济holiday economy人力资本human capital航空和航天工业aerospace industry飞机制造工业aircraft industry电子工业electronic industry汽车制造工业car industry娱乐业entertainment industry信息产业information industry知识密集型产业knowledge-intensive industry国有大中型企业large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 轻工业light industry博彩业lottery industry制造业manufacturing industry垄断行业monopoly industries市场多元化market diversification市场经济market economy市场监管market supervision购买力purchasing power熊市bear market牛市bull market城镇化urbanization房地产real estate首付down-payment业主home owner个人购房贷款individual housing loan经济全球化economic globalization经济特区special economic zones (SEZ)经济增长economic growth泡沫经济bubble economy 关税tariff纳税人tax payer宏观经济macro economy货币投放量the size of money supply流动性过剩excess liquidity经济过热overheated economy通货膨胀inflation抑制通货膨胀curb inflation注入流动性to inject liquidity贴现率discount rate存款准备金率reserve requirement ratio (RRR)公开市场业务open market operation (OMO)逆回购reverse repurchase agreement; reverse repo引导降低市场借贷成本to guide the market borrowing costs to a lower level 稳健的货币政策prudent monetary policy微调货币政策to fine-tune monetary policy硬着陆hard landing软着陆soft landing二十国集团Group of Twenty (G2O)财政部长Finance Minister全年预期经济增长目标the expected growth target for the whole year经济活力economic vitality大规模经济刺激计划a massive economic stimulus package结构改革structural reform硬资产hard assets软资产soft assets有形资产tangible assets经济走廊economic corridor整顿市场秩序to rectify the market order反垄断antitrust; anti-monopoly定价浮动price fluctuations谋求利益最大化to maximize profit债务审计audit of debt地方性政府债务local government debt/liability公共财政体制改革an overhaul of the public finance system债务管理debt management信用支持credit support多元文化论cultural pluralism文化适应acculturation社会保障social security班车shuttle bus相定迁户a relocated unit or household大龄青年single youth above the normal matrimonial age独生子女the only child in a family单亲single parent福利彩票welfare lotteries家政服务household management service民工migrant laborers名人celebrity农村剩余劳动力surplus rural labor/laborers青春期puberty全民健身运动nationwide fitness campaign全国人口普查nationwide census社会保险social insurance暂住证temporary residence permit/card青少年犯罪juvenile delinquency性骚扰sexual harassment走私smuggling*性另歧视gender/sexual discrimination年龄歧视age discrimination工作歧视job discrimination享乐主义hedonism文盲illiteracy贫富分化disparity between the rich and the poor盗版pirated/illegal copies一国两制One Country, Two Systems三个代表the Three Represents Theory两会（人大、政协）Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC) 南南合作South-South Cooperation南北对话North-South Dialog人大常委会People’s Congress Standing Committee法制观念awareness of law法制国家a country with an adequate legal system改革开放reform and opening-up公务员civil servants官僚主义作风the bureaucratic style of work和谐并存harmonious coexistence计划生育family planning计划生育基本国策the basic state policy of family planning 4青才申文明建设the construction of spiritual civilization 居委会neighborhood committee科教兴国national rejuvenation through science and education可持续发展sustainable development廉洁高效honesty and high efficiency两岸关系cross-straits relations两岸谈判cross-straits negotiations领土完整territorial integrity民族精神national spirit普选制general election system求同存异seek common ground while shelving differences人大代表NPC member物质文明和精神文明material and spiritual civilization小康社会a well-off society小康水平a well-off standard一个中国原则the one-China principle与时俱进keep pace with the times综合国力overall national strength共同愿望common desire“走出去”（战略）going global不结盟non-alignment单边主义unilateralism多边政策multilateralism多极世界multipolar world人口老龄化aging of population人口出生率birth rate社区月服务community service道德法庭court of ethics盗用公款embezzlement成人夜校night school for adults在职进修班on-job training courses政治思想教育political and ideological education毕业生分酉己graduate placement; assignment of graduate充电update one’s knowledge初等教育elementary education大学城college town大学社区college community高等教育higher education高等教育“211 工程”the “211 Project”for higher education 高等学府institution of higher education综合性大学comprehensive university文科院校colleges of (liberal) arts理工科大学college / university of science and engineering师范学院teachers’college; normal college高分低能high scores and low abilities高考(university/college) entrance examination高校扩招the college expansion plan教育界education circle教育投入input in education九年义务教育nine-year compulsory education考研take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools课外活动extracurricular activities必修课required/compulsory course选修课elective/optional course基础课basic courses专业课specialized courses课程表school schedule教学大纲teaching program; syllabus学习年限period of schooling学历record of formal schooling学分credit启发式教学heuristic teaching人才交流talent exchange人才战competition for talented people商务英语证书Business English Certificate (BEC)适龄儿重入学率enrollment rate for children of school age升学率proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate硕博连读a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study 素质教育quality-oriented education填鸭式教学cramming method of teaching希望工程Project Hope走读生extern; non-resident student住宿生boarder研究生graduate student; post-graduate (student)应届毕业生graduating student; current year’s graduate校园数字化campus digitalization校园文化campus culture学汉语热enthusiasm in learning Chinese学历教育education with record of formal schooling学龄儿重school-ager学前教育preschool education学生减负alleviate the burden on students应试教育exam-oriented education职业道德work ethics; professional ethics爷己者招待会press conference国家教委State Education Commission国家统计局State Statistical Bureau职业培训job training职业文盲functional illiterate智力引进recruit/introduce (foreign) talents智商intelligence quotient (IQ)助学行动activity to assist the impoverished students网络世界cyber world网络文化cyber culture网络犯罪cyber crime网上购物online shopping高产优质high yield and high quality高科技园high-tech park工业园区industrial park火炬计划Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology) 信息港info port信息革命information revolution电子货币e-currency人工智能artificial intelligence (AI)生物技术bio-technology克隆cloning基因工程genetic engineering转基因食品genetically modified food (GM food)试管婴儿test-tube baby基因哭变genetic mutation网络出版e-publishing三维电影three-dimensional movie光谷optical valley虚拟银行virtual bank信息化informationization信息高速公路information superhighway新兴学科new branch of science; emerging discipline纳米nanometer个人数字助理personal digital assistant (PDA)生态农业environment-friendly agriculture技术密集产品technology-intensive product数码科技digital technology同步卫星geostationary satellite神舟五号载人飞船manned spacecraft Shenzhou V风云二号气象卫星Fengyun II meteorological satellite登月舱lunar module多任务小卫星small multi-mission satellite (SMMS)多媒体短信服务Multimedia Messaging Service ( MMS)电子商务e-business; e-commerce电子管理e-management办公自动化Office Automation (OA)信息高地information highland信息检索information retrieval电话会议teleconference无土栽培soilless cultivation超级杂交水稻super-hybrid rice科技发展scientific and technological advancement重点项目key project国家重点工程national key projects南水北调South-to-North water diversion西电东送West-East electricity transmission project西气东输West-East natural gas transmission project网络造谣fabricating online rumors恶意侵害他人名誉maliciously harming the reputation of others 停止月服务closure/shutdown of service公司歇业closure of business道路封闭road closure人为操作差错man-made operational mistakes生态系统ecosystem森林生态系统forest ecosystem海洋生态系统marine ecosystem垄断价格to monopolize the price垄断市场to monopolize/forestall/captive/corner the market限购私用汽车to curb the purchase of vehicles for private use 汽车限购vehicle purchase restrictions汽车购买配额vehicle purchase quotas车牌摇号a lottery for license plates牌照单双号限行odd-even license plate system黑名单制度a blacklist system执业医师practicing physician; licensed doctors二代身份证2nd-generation ID cards防伪技术anti-forgery technology非法交易illegal transaction冒名顶替identification fraud洗钱money laundering挂失to report the loss补办to re-apply/post-register户籍household registration居住证residence permit山洪暴发flash floods水位water level低洼地区low-lying areas淹没农田to inundate crops大桥蜂塌bridge collapse最严重受灾地区worst-hit/worst-stricken area直接经济损失direct economic loss应急系统emergency response system闯红灯running red light遮挡、污损号牌blocking or defacing license plates 扣分处罚point penalty酒驾drunk driving终身禁驾lifetime ban from driving京剧Peking opera秦腔Qin opera功夫Kungfo太极Tai Chi口技ventriloquism木偶戏puppet show皮影戏shadowplay折子戏opera highlights杂技acrobatics相声witty dialogue comedy刺绣embroidery苏绣Suzhou embroidery泥人clay figure书法calligraphy中国画traditional Chinese painting水墨画Chinese brush painting中国结Chinese knot中国古代四大发明the four great inventions of ancient China火药gunpowder印刷术printing造纸术paper-making指南针the compass青铜器bronze ware瓷器porcelain; china唐三彩tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty景泰蓝cloisonne秋千swing武术martial arts儒家思想Confucianism儒家文化Confucian culture道教Taoism墨家Mohism法家Legalism佛教Buddhism孔子Confucius孟子Mencius老子Lao Tzu庄子Chuang Tzu墨子Mo Tzu孙子Sun Tzu象形文字pictographic characters文房四宝（笔墨纸观）the Four Treasures of the Study (brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone) 《大学》The Great Learning《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean《论语》The Analects of Confucius《孟子》The Mencius《孙子兵法》The Art of War《三国演义》Three Kingdoms《西游爷己》Journey to the West《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals《史记》Historical Records《诗经》The Book of Songs《易经》The I Ching; The Book of Changes 《礼记》The Book of Rites《三字经》Three-character Scriptures八股文eight-part essay五言绝句five-character quatrain七言律诗seven-character octave旗袍cheongsam中山装Chinese tunic suit唐装Tang suit风水Fengshui; geomantic omen阳历Solar calendar阴历Lunar calendar闰年leap year十二生肖zodiac春节the Spring Festival元宵节the Lantern Festival清明节the Tomb-sweeping Day端午节the Dragon-boat Festival中秋节the Mid-autumn Day重阳节the Double-ninth Day七夕节the Double-seventh Day春联spring couplets庙会temple fair爆竹firecracker年画（traditional) New Year pictures压岁钱New Year gift-money舞龙dragon dance元宵sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯festival lantern灯谜lantern riddle舞狮lion dance踩高跷stilt walking赛龙舟dragon boat race胡同hutong山东菜Shandong cuisine川菜Sichuan cuisine粤菜Canton cuisine扬州菜Yangzhou cuisine月饼moon cake年糕rice cake油条deep-fried dough sticks豆浆soybean milk馒头steamed buns花卷steamed twisted rolls包子steamed stuffed buns北京烤鸭Beijing roast duck拉面hand-stretched noodles馄饨wonton (dumplings in soup)豆腐tofu? bean curd麻花fried dough twist烧饼clay oven rolls皮蛋100-year egg; century egg蛋炒饭fried rice with egg糖葫芦tomatoes on sticks火锅hot pot长城the Great Wall of China烽火台beacon tower秦士台皇陵the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang 兵马俑Terracotta Warriors and Horses大雁塔Big Wild Goose Pagoda丝绸之路the Silk Road敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes华清池Huaqing Hot Springs五台山"Wutai Mountain九华山Jiuhua Mountain蛾眉山Mount Emei泰山Mount Tai黄山Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain故宫the Imperial Palace天坛the Temple of Heaven午门Meridian Gate大运河Grand Canal护城河the Moat回音壁Echo Wall居庸关Juyongguan Pass九龙壁the Nine Dragon Wall黄帝陵the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi十三陵the Ming Tombs苏州园林Suzhou gardens西湖West Lake九寨沟Jiuzhaigou Valley日月潭Sun Moon Lake布达拉宫Potala Palace鼓楼drum tower四合院quadrangle; courtyard complex孔庙Confucius Temple乐山大佛Leshan Giant Buddha十八罗汉the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha喇嘛Lama转世灵重reincarnated soul boy 中药traditional Chinese medicine 《黄帝内经》Emperor Huangdi，s Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine 《神农本草经》Shennong，s Herbal Classic《本草纲目》Compendium of Materia Medica针灸acupuncture推拿medical massage切脉feeling the pulse五禽戏five-animal exercises旧石器时代the Paleolithic Age新石器时代the Neolithic Age; New Stone Age母系氏族社会matriarchal clan society封建的feudal朝代dynasty秦朝Qin Dynasty汉朝Han Dynasty唐朝Tang Dynasty宋朝Song Dynasty元朝Yuan Dynasty明朝Ming Dynasty清朝Qing Dynasty秦士台皇帝Emperor Qinshihuang; the First Emperor of Qin皇太后Empress Dowager汉高祖刘邦Liu Bang, Emperor Hangaozu, founder of the Han Dynasty 成吉思汗Genghis Khan春秋时期the Spring and Autumn Period文成公主Tang Princess Wencheng慈禧太后Empress Dowager Ci Xi皇帝，君主emperor; monarch诸侯vassal皇妃imperial concubine丞相，宰相prime minister太监court eunuch少数民族ethnic minority祭祀offer sacrifices西域the Western Regions战国the Warring States中华文明Chinese civilization文明的摇篮cradle of civilization秦始皇统一中国unification of the country by Emperor Qinshihuang 鸦片战争the Opium War太平天国the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom戌戌变法the Reform Movement of 1898辛亥革命the 1911 Revolution新民主主义革命New-democratic Revolution五四运动the May 4th Movement of 1919南昌起义Nanchang Uprising918 事变September 18th Incident长征the Long March西安事变Xi"an Incident南京大屠杀Nanjing Massacre抗日战争the War of Resistance Against Japan毛泽东Mao Tse-tong孙中山Sun Yat-sen蒋介石Chiang Kai-shek国民党Kuomingtang中华人民共和国the People’s Republic of China (PRC)满族Manchu蒙古人Mongol士大夫scholar-officials学者scholar诗人poet政治家statesman社会地位social status。