英语中的句子理解和练习
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习英语句子就像一座建筑，句子成分是构成这座建筑的各种材料，而句子结构则是建筑的框架。
理解句子成分和结构对于我们正确理解和运用英语至关重要。
接下来，让我们一起深入探讨。
一、英语句子成分1、主语主语是句子所描述的主体，通常是某人、某事或某物。
它是句子的核心，决定了句子要说的是谁或什么。
比如，“The dog is cute” （这只狗很可爱。
）中，“The dog”就是主语。
2、谓语谓语表示主语的动作或状态。
它通常由动词构成。
例如，“She sings beautifully” （她唱歌很好听。
）中的“sings”就是谓语。
3、宾语宾语是动作的对象，通常是接受动作的人或物。
比如，“He bought a book” （他买了一本书。
）中的“a book”就是宾语。
4、表语表语用于说明主语的特征、状态、身份等。
常见的系动词有 be （am/is/are）、seem、look 等，其后的成分就是表语。
例如，“She is happy” （她很开心。
）中的“happy”就是表语。
5、定语定语用来修饰、限定名词或代词。
它可以是形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语等。
例如，“The red car is mine” （那辆红色的车是我的。
）中的“red”就是定语。
6、状语状语用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，表示时间、地点、原因、方式、程度等。
比如，“He runs fast” （他跑得很快。
）中的“fast”就是状语。
7、补语补语用于补充说明宾语或主语的情况。
例如，“We made him our monitor” （我们选他当班长。
）中的“our monitor”就是宾语补足语。
二、英语句子结构1、简单句简单句只有一个主谓结构，是最基本的句子类型。
例如，“I love you” （我爱你。
）2、并列句并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句通过并列连词（and, but, or 等）连接而成。
英语中五种基本句型详解及专练
英语中五种基本句型详解及专练句子由主语和谓语两大部分组成。
主语结构比较单一，谓语结构则不然，不同类别的谓语动词导致不同的谓语结构，从而形成了不同的句型(Sentence Pattern)。
换句话说，不同的句型是由不同类别的谓语动词所决定的，因此，句型又被称为动词句型(Verb Pattern)。
语法家们对句型的分类不尽相同，一般认为，现代英语的基本句型主要有五种：1.“主----系-----表”(SLP)句型：在这种句型中，谓语动词是以be为主的连系动词(Linking Verb)，后面跟主语补语(Subject Complement)，如：These oranges have kept fresh. 这些桔子一直很新鲜。
Mary is a student / here /in the room. 玛丽是个学生/在这儿/在房间里。
有的语法家把be后面的副词(短语)或介词短语视为状语，从而形成了“主----动-----状”(SVA)这一在五种基本句型之外的句型(见上面最后一个例句)。
2.“主----动”(SV)句型：在这种句型中，谓语动词为不及物动词(Intransitive Verb)，谓语部分通常只包括限定动词，即使有状语，也属任意性状语，即：去掉后并不影响句子结构和意义的完整，如：This bread won't keep (for a long time). 这种面包不好(长期)存放。
Tom has left.前面说过,有些句子中的状语是不可缺少的，这种状语被称为必具性状语，从而构成“主----动----状”(SVA)句型，但这仅限于少数几个动词的某些用法，因而不是一种主要句型，如：They are staying in a hotel. 他们暂住在一家旅馆里。
3.“主----动-----宾”(SVO)句型：在这种句型中，谓语动词为只带一个宾语的及物动词，这种动词被称为单宾语及物动词(Monotransitive Verb)，如：He kept the money. 他保存着这些钱。
初中英语句子成分讲解_练习及答案
句子成分及基本句型一、考点、热点回顾【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
（一）主语：主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如：（1）Lucy is a beautiful nurse. （名词作主语）（2）He reads newspapers every day. （代词作主语）（3）Smoking is harmful to the health. （动名词作主语）（4）To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.（不定式作主语）（5）What we should do is not yet decided. （主语从句作主语）（二）谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如：His parents are teachers. （系动词和表语一起作谓语）We study hard. （行为动词作谓语）We don’t finish reading the book. （助动词和行为动词一起作谓语）He can speak English. （情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语）（三）宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.（名词作宾语）She says（that）she is ill.（宾语从句作动词宾语）We often help him.（代词作宾语）He likes to play basketball.（不定式作宾语）We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
[精华]英语四级句子词汇真题练习及详解
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英语四级句子词汇真题训练及详解1.This book is expected to ______ the best-seller lists.2.To prevent flooding in winter the water flowing from the dam is constantly ______ by a computer.3.If you don’t ______ the children properly, Mr. Chiver, they’ll just run riot.4.You cannot imagine how ______ I feel with my duties sometimes.5.Mary became ______ homesick and critical of the United States, so she fled from her homw in west Bloomfield to her hometown in Austria.[A]promote [B]overflowed [C]dominate [D]monitored[E]increasingly [F]supervise [G]overwhelmed [H]conducted答案：1.选[C]。
[题意]这本书有望在畅销书排行榜中名列前茅。
2.选[D]。
[题意]为了防止冬季发生洪水，计算机随时都在监控大坝的水流量。
3.选[F]。
[题意]切沃尔先生，如果你不适当地监管孩子，他们就会捣乱。
4.选[G]。
[题意]有时候你无法想象我会感觉我的职责多么神圣。
5.选[E]。
[题意]玛丽越来越想家，对美国越来越不满，因此她离开了位于西布卢姆菲尔德的家逃往了奥地利的故乡。
1.He hoped the firm would ______ him to the Paris branch.(CET-4,1998.1)2.The beam that is ______ by a laser differs in several waysfrom the light that comes out of a flashlight.(CET-4,2003.9)3.The British government often says that furnishing children with ______ to the information superhighway is a top priority.(CET-4,2003.9)4.The rapid development of communications technology is transforming the ____ in which people communicate across time and space.(CET-4,2004.1)5.Gestures are an important means to ______ messages.[A]emitted [B]translated [C]transfer [D]access[E]convey [F]manner [G]procedure [H]remove答案：1.选[C]。
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习❖简单句的五个基本句型❖主语＋不及物动词She came．.❖主语＋及物动词＋宾语She likes English.❖主语＋系动词＋主语补语She is happy．❖主语＋动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语She gave John a book．She bought a book for me.❖主语＋动词＋宾语＋宾语补语She makes her mother angry．The teacher asked me to read the passage.❖主谓宾❖名／代－－动词－－名／代we-- saw --you.we-- did --the work.❖主系表❖名／代－系动词－形容次／名词／代词you are beautifulyou seems worried.you are a stufent.❖相同点都三部分，主语也一样．不同动词和系动词，时态一样，否定式不同．动词加助动词，系动词不用．表语可以是形容词，宾语不行．只有宾语有补足语❖2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：❖主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
❖1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。
通常用名词或代词担任。
如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)❖2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。
主要由动词担任。
如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间)❖3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。
通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。
如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍)❖4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。
通常由名词或代词担任。
如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词)❖有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。
高中英语阅读理解练习答案及句子精讲(19-20)
高中英语阅读理解练习（19-20）（19）New Zealand's government recently proposed taxing the greenhouse gases from farm animals as part of a plan to fight climate change. The government said the taxes would be a world's first. They said that farmers should be able to get the money back by charging more for climate-friendly products. Farm animals produce gases through natural processes like burping(打嗝) and urinating（排尿）.But farmers quickly criticized the plan. Federated Farmers is the industry's main political support group. It said the plan would "rip(撕破) the guts(肠胃) out of small-town New Zealand" and see farms replaced with trees. Andrew Hoggard, the group's president, said farmers had been trying to work with the government for more than two years. They were working on a plan to reduce greenhouse gas production that would not decrease food production. Hoggard said, "Our plan was to keep farmers farming." But, with the taxes, he said, farmers would be quickly selling their farms.The conservative（保守的） ACT Party is the main opposition group. Members of the party said the plan would increase worldwide greenhouse gas production by moving farming to other countries that were less efficient at making food. New Zealand's farming industry is very important for its economy. Milk products, including those used to make milk for baby food in China, are the nation's largest export earner. There are just 5 million people in New Zealand. But the country has some 26 million sheep and 10 million farm animals producing milk and meat.About half ofNew Zealand's greenhouse gas comes from farms. Farm animals produce gasses that warm the planet like methane（甲烷） and nitrous oxide from burping and urinating.The New Zealand government wants to reduce greenhouse gas production and make the country carbon neutral（碳中和） by 2050.Under the government's proposal（提议）, farmers would start to pay for greenhouse gas production in 2025. The price has yet to be finalized（最后定案）. PrimeMinister（总理） Jacinda Ardern said all the money collected from the proposed tax would be put back into the industry. It would support new technology, research, and payments for farmers. Agriculture Minister Damien O'Connor said New Zealand farmers were already experiencing the impact（影响） of climate change with periods of dry weather and flooding. "Taking the lead on agricultural emissions is both good for the environment and our economy," he said.The proposal is similar to another unsuccessful proposal made in 2003 to tax farm animals for their methane production. Back then, farmers greatly opposed the idea and political opponents(对手) criticized it. And the government dropped the plan.The debate in New Zealand is part of a larger international discussion on the effects of farming on the environment and the steps some say are needed to reduce its impact. In the European nation of the Netherlands, farmers have blocked large, busy roads with farming products and vehicles. They did so to protest government proposals to decrease the production of greenhouse gases.(535 words)根据文章内容，选最佳答案：1.New Zealand’s government advises the farmers to ________.A. cut the number of their farm animals.B. pay more taxes because of the climate change.C. sale their products at higher price.D. stop their animals to produce less greenhouse gases.2. If the tax comes into force, ______________.A. the farmers will make more money from the products.B. the farmers will plant more trees instead of keep animals.C. more farms will disappearD. more food production will be on sale.3. The words of "rip the guts out of small-townNew Zealand" from Federated Farmers infers that _______A. the gases from the farm animals’burping and urinating change the climate.B. people will get hungry because the farmers reduce their food production.C. the plan will increase worldwide greenhouse gas productionD.New Zealand's farming industry is very important for its economy.4. Which is the most important export product in New Zealand?A. Milk productsB. meat from farm animalsC. planting productions from the farms.D. wooding productions from the farm trees5. Which is untrue about the taxing plan?A. It will started in 2025.B. It was first proposed in 2003.C. It is both good for New Zealand’s environment and economy.D. It can collect money to help the farmers.（20）More school systems are making an effort to deal with some of the problems teachers face, including taking care of their mental health. Many schools do not have enough teachers.Current problems facing teachers include behavioral problems and fears of shootings.Some school districts have provided increased mental health training for workers and support in the classroom. They have also provided resources aimed at identifying burned out teachers and getting them connected to help. Being burned out means a person has become very physically and emotionally tired after doing a difficult job for a long time. A recent opinion study by the Rand Corporation found that twice as many principals and teachers reported frequent job-related stress as other working adults.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC) noted a similar study that came from a coalition(联合,联盟) of mental health organizations in New Orleans. It found educators working during the COVID-19 pandemic reported rates of emotional difficulties similar to those of health care workers. It found 36 percent showed signs of anxiety, 35 percent had depression, and 19 percent showed signs of post-traumatic(痛苦难忘的) stress disorder.Leigh Mclean is the main investigator at the Teacher Emotions, Characteristics, and Health Lab at the University of Delaware School of Education. She said, "It's all pretty bad. She found levels of depression, anxiety, and emotional tiredness among elementary school teachers that are 100 to 400 percent higher than before the pandemic. She said those problems are increasing the most among less experienced teachers. She said she recognized similarities between teachers and the general population "with underrepresented groups being hit the hardest…"Some districts have or are planning to spend federal COVID-19 aid money on teacher mental health. They hope it mightimprove the classroom environment, keep teachers on the job and help students. Nebraska and Pennsylvania are among the states choosing teacher mental health as a top goal.A Delaware school district hired two social and emotional learning experts who deal with problems teachers are having in the classroom. And an elementary school in Indiana starts the week with Mindful Mondays, where teachers guide their classes in deep breathing. There are also Thoughtful Thursdays, where a student is called on to write a letter to someone working at the school to show that they are thankful. And on Friday Focus students and teachers talk about self-care.A growing number of groups offer training to improve mental health. Methods include breathing exercises, yoga, gentle movements and meditation(冥想). One program aimed at improving mental health is Cultivating Awareness and Resilience in Education, or CARE. Researchers found improvements, including reductions in mental health problems, in studies of its use among 224 New York City teachers. The studies also found reductions in stress and improvements in quality classroom interactions. Researchers found it helped students show increased engagement(参与).（469 words）根据文章内容，选择最佳答案：1. The following problems teachers are facing are included except ________.A. behavioral problemsB. fears of shootingsC. experience shortageD. overworking2. Which is the correct definition of the underline phrase burned out?A. 心灰意冷的B. 无可奈何的C. 筋疲力尽的D. 无计可施的3. The educators’emotional difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic include the followings except _____.A. anxietyB. depressionC. emotional tirednessD. classroom interactions4. On ________, the teachers will discuss how to take goo care of their emotions.A. Mindful MondaysB. Thoughtful ThursdaysC. Friday FocusD. Relaxing Saturdays5. The program CARE can help to __________.A. reduce mental health problemsB. improve quality classroom interactionsC. take some gentle movements like breathing exercises and yogaD. relax the teachers and students.高中英语阅读理解练习答案及句子精讲（19-20）答案：（19）1C 2C 3D 4A 5B（20）1C 2C 3D 4D 5C句子精讲：（19）1. Milk products, including those used to make milk for baby food inChina, are the nation's largest export earner.乳制品，包括在用于生产婴儿配方奶粉的乳制品，是新西兰最大的出口收入来源。
句子分析练习
句子分析练习一、简单句1. Dogs bark loudly.2. She sings beautifully.3. The sun shines brightly.4. He runs fast.5. They laugh happily.二、复合句1. Although it was raining, they still went out.2. I cannot go to the party, because I have to study.3. She is tired, so she wants to rest.4. I will buy some groceries, before I go home.5. He can speak English fluently, which is impressive.三、并列句1. I like cake and ice cream.2. He enjoys playing basketball, swimming, and cycling.3. She is talented in both singing and dancing.4. The weather is neither too hot nor too cold.5. I can hear the birds singing, and I can smell the blooming flowers.四、主从复合句1. He will come to the party if he finishes his work.2. She cried because she failed the exam.3. They went to the beach as soon as they arrived.4. I will bring an umbrella in case it rains.5. She is happy that she got a promotion.五、倒装句1. Only when the sun sets do the stars appear.2. In no way can I accept your proposal.3. Not only did she win the race, but she also broke the record.4. Hardly had I finished studying when the power went out.5. Not until tomorrow will we know the results.六、感叹句1. What a beautiful sunset!2. How delicious this cake is!3. What an incredible performance!4. How fast she can run!5. What a talented artist he is!七、间接引语1. She said that she would come to the party.2. He told me that he loved me.3. They asked if we wanted to join them.4. She wondered why he didn't call.5. He mentioned that he would be late.八、条件句1. If it rains tomorrow, we will stay indoors.2. Unless you study hard, you won't pass the test.3. I will lend you money, provided that you pay me back.4. If he leaves now, he will catch the train.5. Even if it's cold, I will still go for a walk.九、比较句1. She is taller than her sister.2. He runs faster than anyone else.3. This book is more interesting than that one.4. The blue dress looks better on her than the red one.5. He is less talkative than his brother.十、强调句1. It was she who won the race.2. It is in this park where they first met.3. I did not eat the cake, it was him.4. It wasn't me who broke the vase, it was the cat.5. It is his generosity that makes him popular.以上是句子分析练习的内容范例。
人教版中考英语复习句子翻译练习 有答案
人教版中考翻译练习题1.你越运动，越健康。
The more you have sports, the healthier you will be.2.布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以致于学生们把她当作自己的母亲。
Mrs Bruce was so kind to her students that they regarded her as their mother.3.通过听英语电影的对话，我的发音也提高了。
My pronunciation has been improved as well by listening to the conversations inEnglish movies.4.人们已经不再害怕禽流感了。
（bird flu禽流感)People are not afraid of bird flu any more.5.我想学习新单词和更多语法，这样我就能对英语电影有更好的理解。
IwanttolearnnewwordsandmoregrammarsothatIcanhaveabetterunderstanding of English movies.6.刚才她激动得说不出话来。
She was too excited to say a word just now. /She was so excited that she couldn’tsay a word just now.7.多么美好的一天！What a good day!8.比尔想知道明年他们是否还会再吃粽子。
Bill wonders whether they will have zongzi again next year.9.我们正在忙着为考试做准备。
We are busy getting ready for the examination.10.我认为你的答案不对。
Idon’t think your answer is right.11.我花了两个小时读这篇小说。
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习18028
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习1。
主语（subject)：句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east (名词） He likes dancing。
（代词)Twenty years is a short time in history. （数词) Seeing is believing。
(动名词）To see is to believe。
（不定式） What he needs is a book。
（主语从句）It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree。
（It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)（一）指出下列句中主语的中心词① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom。
② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today’s homework without the teacher’s help is very difficult。
2. 谓语（predicate)：是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行为或状态,常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。
We study English. He is asleep.(二）. 选出句中谓语的中心词① I don't like the picture on the wall。
A。
don't B。
like C. picture D。
wall② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A。
get B。
longer C。
days D。
英语句子成分练习题及答案
英语句子成分练习题及答案英语中的句子由主语、谓语、宾语和其他成分组成。
熟练掌握句子成分的分类和使用是学习英语语法的重要一步。
在这里，我们将提供一些英语句子成分的练习题，并附带答案供参考。
主语练习题1.找出以下句子中的主语：•The dog barked at the mailman.•Lisa and Susan went to the park.•It is raining outside.•The book on the table belongs to me.答案： - The dog - Lisa and Susan - It - The book2.请写出满足以下条件的句子的主语：•包含两个以上的单词。
•指代具体人或事物。
•在句子中起到名词的作用。
答案： - My best friend - The new laptop - The beautiful sunset谓语练习题1.找出以下句子中的谓语：•The cat is sleeping.•I like to eat pizza.•They have been waiting for hours.•She will go to the store.答案： - is sleeping - like to eat - have been waiting - will go2.请写出以下句子的谓语：•含有两个以上的动词。
•表示动作或状态。
•在句子中起到动词的作用。
答案： - They are playing soccer. - He has studied English. - She can swim very well.宾语练习题1.找出以下句子中的宾语：•I bought a new car.•She ate an apple.•They saw a movie yesterday.•He gave me a book.答案： - a new car - an apple - a movie - me a book2.请写出以下句子的宾语：•表示人或事物。
英语语法-句子成分分析及练习
如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。
) Time flies. （时光飞逝。
）这两句话中分别由代词They ，名词Time 作主语。
主语的位置：一般位于句首，由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当。
The school is far from here. 名词做主语She goes to school by bike. 代词做主语Eight is a lucky number. 数词做主语The blind need more help. 名词化的形容词做主语Predicting the future is interesting. 动名词做主语To be a doctor is my dream. 不定式短语做主语That he forgot to tell me the time for the meeting caused lots of trouble.他忘了告诉我开会的时间给我带来了很多麻烦。
（从句）It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。
谓语必须由动词或动词短语充当，因此动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词，不能作谓语。
且谓语动词可以体现时态，单复数的语法现象。
如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。
) He enjoys singing songs.（他喜欢唱歌。
）这两句话分别由动词were （are 的过去式），enjoys singing （enjoy doing动词短语）作谓语。
其中were 体现出句子的时态为过去时态，且主语的人称为第一人称，enjoys singing 体现出句子的时态为一般现在时，且主语的人称为第三人称。
(完整)英语句子结构分析及练习题
句子结构分析句子成分:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等。
主要成分:主语和谓语1、主语一个句子中需要加以说明或描述的对象。
主语的位置：一般位于句首，由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当。
The school is far from here。
名词做主语She goes to school by bike。
代词做主语Eight is a lucky number. 数词做主语The blind need more help. 名词化的形容词做主语There is a pen on the desk. 名词做主语Predicting the future is interesting. 动名词做主语To be a doctor is my dream. 不定式短语做主语若不定式短语作主语常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语（不定式短语)放在句后。
It takes me an hour to get there。
2、谓语表示人或事物(主语）的动作和存在的状态。
英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词句子的时态和语态是通过谓语表现出来。
谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。
分析下列句子的主语和谓语Mr. Li teaches English。
He can play the piano。
My parents and I are having dinner。
He studies very hard。
She likes speaking.I can swim in the river.We don't like math.He doesn’t watch TV.3、表语用来说明主语的身份、特征、性质、状态.一般由名词或者形容词担任。
表语的位置：用在动词be和系动词的后面.凡是系动词(be 动词,感官动词等）出现的地方,后面必定带着表语名词、代词、数词、介词短语、副词等都可以和连系动词一起构成复合谓语.Your pen is on the desk.I am a student.My teacher is very handsome。
英语句子翻译讲解与练习
英语句子翻译讲解与练习汉译英1.她喜欢做运动所要花费的意志力。
______________________________________________________________2. Lola不想被不同地对待。
______________________________________________________________3. Lola骄傲于她艰苦的工作和成功。
______________________________________________________________4.我不得不抑制住（忍住）眼泪。
______________________________________________________________5. 生活不是关于关于如何经历暴风雨，而是如何在雨中跳舞。
______________________________________________________________汉译英1.她喜欢做运动所要花费的意志力。
She likes the determination it takes to do the sport.2. Lola不想被不同地对待。
Lola doesn't want to be treated differently3. Lola骄傲于她艰苦的工作和成功。
Lola is proud of all her hard work and success.4.我不得不抑制住（忍住）眼泪。
I had to hold back tears。
5. 生活不是关于关于如何经历暴风雨，而是如何在雨中跳舞。
Life isn’t about how to live through the storm, but how to dance in the rain.汉译英1. 他最终说服他父亲放弃了抽烟。
2.在工作中是智商决定了你能否被录用（雇佣），而情商则决定了你能否得到升职（晋升）。
英语语法-句子成分分析及练习
如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。
) Time flies. （时光飞逝。
）这两句话中分别由代词They ，名词Time 作主语。
主语的位置：一般位于句首，由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当。
The school is far from here. 名词做主语She goes to school by bike. 代词做主语Eight is a lucky number. 数词做主语The blind need more help. 名词化的形容词做主语Predicting the future is interesting. 动名词做主语To be a doctor is my dream. 不定式短语做主语That he forgot to tell me the time for the meeting caused lots of trouble.他忘了告诉我开会的时间给我带来了很多麻烦。
（从句）It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。
谓语必须由动词或动词短语充当，因此动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词，不能作谓语。
且谓语动词可以体现时态，单复数的语法现象。
如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。
) He enjoys singing songs.（他喜欢唱歌。
）这两句话分别由动词were （are 的过去式），enjoys singing （enjoy doing动词短语）作谓语。
其中were 体现出句子的时态为过去时态，且主语的人称为第一人称，enjoys singing 体现出句子的时态为一般现在时，且主语的人称为第三人称。
英语句子成分详细讲解讲义及练习
一、句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
二）主语：主语(Subject)是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如：1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 名词2.We often speak English in class. 代词3.One-third of the students in this class are girls.数词4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.不定式5.Smoking does harm to the health. 动名词6.The rich should help the poor. 名词7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 主从8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.形式主语（三）谓语谓语(Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。
谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如：He practices running every morning.The plane took off at ten o’clock.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
如：You may keep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold.（2）由系动词加表语构成。
高中英语 简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题
高中英语简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题本文将讲解高中英语中的五种基本简单句句型，并提供相应的练题供学生练。
1. 主语+系动词+表语这种句型用于陈述事物的状态或属性。
主语为句子的主要动作发出者，系动词用于把主语和表语连接起来，表语则描述主语的状态或属性。
例句：1. My brother is tall.（我的兄弟很高。
）1. She is a teacher.（她是一名教师。
）练题：：1. The cat _________ black.（那只猫是黑色的。
）2. We _________ good friends.（我们是好朋友。
）2. 主语+及物动词+宾语这种句型用于表达主语对宾语进行的动作。
主语是动作的发起者，而宾语是动作的承受者。
例句：1. They read books.（他们读书。
）2. She eats an apple.（她吃了一个苹果。
）练题：：1. He plays _________ every day.（他每天打篮球。
）2. We visited _________ yesterday.（我们昨天拜访了一位老师。
）3. 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语这种句型用于表达主语把事物或信息传递给间接宾语，并对直接宾语进行的动作。
例句：1. She gave me a gift.（她给了我一个礼物。
）练题：：1. He bought _________ a new phone.（他给我买了一部新手机。
）2. My mother cooked _________ a delicious meal.（我妈妈给我煮了一顿美味的饭菜。
）4. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语这种句型用于表达主语使宾语处于某种状态。
例句：1. They made him happy.（他们让他快乐。
）练题：：1. The music made her _________.（那音乐让她难过。
）2. The teacher found the answer _________.（老师发现了答案正确。
初中英语句子结构与成分解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)
初中英语句子结构与成分解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)一、句子结构与成分1．The sentence structure of "The boy looks smart." is" ".A. S+V+OB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+O+C【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意：句子"The boy looks smart."是什么结构？A.主语+谓语+宾语；B.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；C.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补。
the boys是主语，looks是谓语；smart是表语，故选C。
【点评】考查句子结构，注意平时识记其分类。
2．Which of the following sentences is correct?A. He came in and sat down.B. We all like <Harry Potter>.C. When we met. He didn't say hello.D. We went out, headed for the bus stop.【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意：下面那个句子是正确的。
A是简单句，came和sat是并列谓语，都是一般过去式，所以A正确。
B中的符号不符合英语习惯，在英语中没有书名号，表示书名时通常用斜体字形式。
C句的标点符号是错误的，把met后的句号改为逗号才符合复合句的定义。
D句中headed前应加上and或者将headed改为heading构成伴随状语。
因此选A。
【点评】考查句法知识。
3．—What an interesting story she told us!—Yes, and her voice sounded ________.A. sweetB. smallC. clearlyD. sadly【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意：——他给我们讲的是多么有趣的故事啊！——是的，她的声音听起来很甜美。
【英语】初中英语句子结构与成分技巧(很有用)及练习题及解析
on 介词后面跟宾语，特殊疑
问词 what 在句中作 on 的宾语，故选 A。
【点评】此题考查句子成分。根据句子结构确定划线部分在句中的成分，选出正确答案。
2．John calls his dog Eddie. The structure of the sentence is _______.
A. S+V+O 【答案】 D
4．This cake is really big. _______ share it.
A. May be we can
B. We may be can
C. Maybe we can
D. Maybe can we
【答案】 C
【解析】 【分析】句意 “蛋糕真的很大，也许我们可以分享它 ”。 maybe 为副词，也许，可
B. opens; is closed
C. is open; closes
商店从上午 9 点到下午 5 点营业，但是星期天在 4 点半关门。根
据 from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m
是段时间，用表示持续性状态的动词或形容词，
open 是瞬间动
词，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语是 it ， 第三人称单数，故谓语动词是单三式，故选
20． The sentence structure of "Who knows the answer ？ " is "
（S）； bought 是谓语动词（ V）， a book 是宾语（ O）；故答案为 C。
【点评】考查简单句的基本结构。
6．The boy_______ black hair_______ a blue coat.
A. has; has
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英语中的句子理解和练习新东方实用英语学院李溯英语中的方位表达•介词in，on，to 都可以用来表示某个位置的方向，它们的意义不同，故表示的方向及范围也不同：•1. in 表示方位，含义是“在……之内”，即一个小地方处在一个大地方的范围(疆域)之内。
例如：英语中的方位表达•Taiwan lies in the east of China. 台湾在中国的东部。
(台湾是中国东部的一个省份，是中国的领土，在中国的疆域之内)英语中的方位表达•Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国的东部。
(上海是中国的一个行政区域，在中国的疆域之内)英语中的方位表达•on 表示方位，含义是“在……端/边”，即一个地方在另一个地方的某一端或某一边，两个地方只是相邻或接壤，却互不管辖。
例如：英语中的方位表达•Guangdong Province is on the southeast of Guangxi. 广东省在广西的东南边。
(广东省与广西在地理位置上是连在一起的，即两者相邻，却互不管辖)英语中的方位表达•Sichuan Province is on the north of Guizhou Province. 四川省在贵州省的北边。
(四川省与贵州省在地理上也是连在一起的，但互不管辖)英语中上课的表达•那上課去怎么說？•一般就是I go to school 或I have class ，难一点的說法就是：英语中上课的表达•I attend classes 或I attend language program 也行attend 就是参加，language program 就是语言课程！文中重点表达•trouble还可以表示"令人烦恼的事情；问题"•What's the trouble? （有什么困难）？这句话相当于说"What's the matter?"。
•文中重点表达I had trouble with thisquestion.我因这个问题而烦恼。
She's had a lot of troublewith her husband.她经常跟先生闹意见。
并列句中的省略•并列句的省略是最常见的，一般说来，在后一并列句中凡是与上文相同的成分通常都会被省略。
•To some people smile is very easy, and to others (smile is) so hard.•复合句中的省略•复合句的句尾和主句相重复时从句的句尾部分可省掉•Mary is going to sweep the floor because Alice won't (sweep the floor).•重点词组•词组“hear from sb.”。
当我们在写信时，我们有时是希望收信人能够为我们完成一件事情，你为了能尽早地知道结果，在一封信的最后往往会说一些很客气的话，比如我盼望能早日收到您的来信。
重点词组•这是一句套话，在英文中也有相应的一个词组来表达相同的意思，就是“hear from sb”。
这个词组的含义是“收到某人的来信”。
在运用这个词组时，你需要注意两点。
重点词组•第一，虽然在这个词组中，根本就没有出现一个与信有关的单词，但是它的含义就是“收到某人的来信”。
这也就是说如果你想要表达“收到你的来信”时，你应该写成“hear from you”，而不能写成“hear from your letter”。
重点词组•第二，from是一个介词，所以它后面的人称代词应该用宾格形式。
比如当我们要表述“收到他的来信”时，我们应该写成“hear from him”，而不应该写成“hear from he/ his”，这两种写法都是绝对错误的。
英语中的特殊句型•句型：So + be / have / 情态动词/ 助动词+ 主语•这是主谓倒装结构，表示前面的情况也适合于后者，或“……(的情况)也是如此”。
••英语中的特殊句型•1. 用这一结构时，前后两句必须是肯定句，两句的时态及谓语动词必须一致。
英语中的特殊句型•(1) I‘m a student, so is he. 我是学生，他也是。
•(2) She went to the airport, so did Jim. 她去了机场，吉姆也去了。
•英语中的特殊句型•never….before 的中文意思是“再也没有比…更….的了”.英语中的特殊句型•I‘ve never seen such a beautiful girl before.我以前从未见过这么美丽的女孩。
neither...nor...•neither...nor...表示"既不……也不……"。
其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成份。
例如：She likes neither butter nor cheese. 她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢乳酪。
neither...nor...•此句中neither...nor...连接两个宾语。
当neither...nor...连接两个主语时，也应遵循"就近原则"。
例如：Neither dad nor mum is at home today. 今天父母都不在家。
•同义词辨析•leave, leave for•leave离开，leave for前往•[例] He leaves home at eight. 他八点出门。
•[例] She will leave Taiwan for New York tomorrow. 她明天将离开台湾前往纽约。
•英语中的特殊句型•英语中too +adj./adv. + to do sth.表示否定,意思为"太……以致不能……",这时too后面的形容词或副词往往是表示性质或特征的词。
英语中的特殊句型•too +adj.+ to do sth.结构除表示否定意义外,还可以表示肯定意思。
这时too后面常常跟表示心情、态度或倾向性方面的形容词, 此时too的意思是"十分;非常;很"等。
例如: 英语中的特殊句型•The boy is too young to go to school.这男孩年龄太小，不能上学。
•He walks too slowly to get there on time.他走得太慢，不能按时到达那儿。
英语中的特殊句型•prefer A to B•在本句型中，A与B是平行结构，可以是名词，也可以都是动名词。
•I prefer dogs to cats.•I prefer staying at home to going out.英语中的特殊句型•either...or...意为"或者……或者……；不是……就是……"之意。
表示两者之一，连接句子中两个并列的成分。
例如：英语中的特殊句型•When the girl is happy, she either sings or dances. 那个女孩高兴时，不是唱就是跳。
(此句中either...or...连接两个动词，因为主语是单数第三人称，谓语动词要用其相应的形式。
) 英语中的特殊句型•Both brothers are not here.英语中的特殊句型•这个句子不能翻译成"兄弟两个都不在这儿"，而应该翻译成"两个兄弟一个在这儿，一个不在这下]"。
其中both…not为部分否定，而非全部否定。
要表示全部否定，应该用neit her…nor。
英语中的特殊句型•His parents are not both dead.•他的双亲一个已经去世，另一个还健在。
英语中的特殊句型•He is a good sailor.•此句的真正含义为He is not liable to seasickness.或He is seldom seasick in rough weather.不会晕船。
"而不是指"他是一个好水手"英语中的特殊句型•意义相对的句子为He is a bad sailor.要表示他是一个好水手的含义，应该说: He is a skilled seaman.英语中的特殊句型•good和bad在这种句式中含义为"能力的大小"、"动作的特征"，而非指人的道德品质，如我们说a good thief 指的是someone who thieves well; a good learner指的是someone who learns well.英语中的特殊句型•They did not come to my room because they wanted to see me.此句含义为他们到我的房间里来不是因为要看我而是有其他的原因。
英语中的特殊句型•这是一个特殊结构的句子，其中的not用来否定because引导的状语从句，而非否定主句的谓语动词。
调整一下句子结构，我们就可以看清楚了: They came to my room not because they wanted to see me.英语中的特殊句型•The car did not stop running because the fuel was finished.•This machine is not expensive because it is new.英语中的特殊句型•He reminded me that I had better not go there today. I shook my head.英语中的特殊句型•此句的正确翻译为"提醒我今天最好不要到那儿去，我点头同意。
在此，shook my head表示nodded my head，这是英语和汉语两种语言不同的地方。
英语中的特殊句型•英语中的回答针对的是事实，为了表示"同意不去"，所以用shook my head，而汉语是直接针对问题。
except和besides•except表示“从所提到的人或事物中除去，即从整体中除去一部分”，表示递减的概念，含义是否定的。
besides表示“除了……之外，还有……”，指“在整体中加入一部分”，表示递加的概念，含义是肯定的。
except和besides•试比较：•①We all went except him.除他之外，我们都去了。
(他没有去)•②We all went besides him.除他之外，我们大家也都去了。
(他也去了)英语中的特殊句型•This computer can not be used any longer，and that one can‘t，too.•This computer can not be used any longer，and that one can't either.英语中的特殊句型•否定句中的“也”不能译成too，而须用either.•If she doesn't go there. I won't, either. 如果她不去那里，我也不去。