不同剂量利多卡因复合罗哌卡因用于硬膜外麻醉的效果比较

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不同剂量利多卡因复合罗哌卡因用于硬膜外麻醉的效果比较

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利多卡因和罗哌卡因各有其优、缺点,为取长补短,将二者复合用于低位硬膜外麻醉,现已在临床上广泛使用。本研究比较不同剂量的盐酸利多卡因与盐酸罗哌卡因复合用于低位硬膜外麻醉的效果,以选择一种较好剂量的组合,以发挥最佳的麻醉效果。

1资料与方法

1.1一般资料选择拟行阑尾切除术的患者120例,年龄40~60岁,美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级为Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,年龄20~65岁,体质量45~70kg,性别不限,随机均分为三组,每组40例。

1.2麻醉方法所有患者术前8h禁饮、禁食。入室后监测心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、呼吸频率(R)、脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2)及心电图(ECG),开放上肢静脉通道,输注复方氯化钠溶液。三组患者均选择T12~L1行硬膜外穿刺,向头端置入硬膜外导管3.5cm,注入2%盐酸利多卡因3mL作为试验剂量,再注入10mL局麻药作为初始量。Ⅰ组给予2%盐酸利多卡因和1%盐酸罗哌卡因混合液(按体积比2∶1)15mL,Ⅱ组给予2%盐酸利多卡因和1% 不同剂量利多卡因复合罗哌卡因用于硬膜外麻醉的效果比较

王两忠,董理(成都大学附属医院麻醉科,四川成都610081)

【摘要】目的比较不同剂量利多卡因复合罗哌卡因用于硬膜外麻醉的效果。方法选择拟行阑尾切除术的患

者120例,随机均分为三组,分别予2%盐酸利多卡因10mL复合1%盐酸罗哌卡因5mL行硬膜外麻醉(Ⅰ组)、2%盐酸

利多卡因7.5mL复合1%盐酸罗哌卡因7.5mL行硬膜外麻醉(Ⅱ组)、2%盐酸利多卡因5mL复合1%盐酸罗哌卡因10mL行硬膜外麻醉(Ⅲ组)。三组患者均选择T12~L1行硬膜外穿刺、置管,注入2%盐酸利多卡因3mL作为试验剂量,再注入10 mL局麻药作为初始量。三组患者在术后进行视觉模拟(VAS)疼痛评分、舒适度(BCS)评分和术者满意度评分(视觉模拟

评分,VAS评分)以评价药物治疗效果。监测并记录麻醉起效时间、麻醉不良反应、感觉神经阻滞情况(采用针刺皮肤法)、切皮前运动神经阻滞情况(采用Bromage评分法)以及入室(T0)、术前(T1)、切皮(T2)、术毕(T3)的心率(HR)、平均动脉压

(MAP)、脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2)及呼吸频率(R)。结果三组患者R、SpO2比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Ⅲ组患者MAP低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组,HR快于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。术后VAS 疼痛评分Ⅱ、Ⅲ组低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),BCS评分Ⅱ组高于Ⅰ、Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。Ⅰ、Ⅱ组感觉阻滞起效时间、达最高平面时间显著短于Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。切皮前Ⅱ、Ⅲ组运动神经阻滞程度优于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。Ⅰ、Ⅱ组麻醉起效时间短于Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。Ⅱ、Ⅲ组术者满意度优于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。结论2%盐酸利多卡因

7.5mL复合盐1%酸罗哌卡因7.5mL行硬膜外麻醉的效果优于其他组。

【关键词】利多卡因;酰胺类;麻醉,硬膜外;盐酸罗哌卡因

文章编号:1009-5519(2012)13-1931-02中图法分类号:R614.42文献标识码:A

Comparison of effects of different concentrations of lidocaine hydrochloride combined ropivacaine hydrochloride in epidural anesthesia Wang Liangzhong,Dong Li (Department of Anesthesiology,Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University,

Chengdu,Sichuan610081,China)

【Abstract】Objective To compare the effects of different concentrations of lidocaine hydrochloride combined ropiva- caine hydrochloride in epidural anesthesia.Methods120patients undergoing appendectomy were selected and randomly divid-

ed into three groups with40cases in each group.2%lidocaine

hydrochloride10mL combined1%ropivacaine hydrochloride5 mL was given for epidural anesthesia in the groupⅠ,2%lidocaine hydrochloride7.5mL combined1%ropivacaine hydrochloride

7.5mL in the groupⅡand2%lidocaine hydrochloride5mL combined1%ropivacaine hydrochloride10mL in the groupⅢ.

Three groups all applied epidural anesthesia,punctured in T12-L1,put catheter,injected2%lidocaine hydrochloride3mL as test

dose into epidural space,then injected local anesthetic10mL as initial dose.The visual analogue scale(VAS)of postoperative

pain,the Brurggmann comfort scale(BCS)and the satisfaction of physicians(VAS)were compared among three groups.The inci-

dence of side effects,sensory nerve block state(applied acupuncture skin method)and motor nerve block state before cutting

skin(graded by Bromage)were recorded.HR,MAP and SpO2were recorded before operation(T0),in skin incision (T1),at the end

of operation(T2).Results The R and SpO2had no obvious difference among three groups(P>0.05).MAP in the groupⅢwere lower than that in the groupⅠandⅡ(P<0.05).HR in the groupⅢwas higher than that in the groupⅠandⅡ(P<0.05).

The VAS scores of postoperative pain in the groupⅡandⅢwere lower than those in the groupⅠ(P<0.05).The BCS scores in

the groupⅡwere higher than those in the groupⅠandⅢ(P <0.05).The onset time and highest segment time of sensory

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