太阳能英语专业术语

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太阳能电池行业英语词汇3

KkT, 热学能量(k= Boltzmann常数, 1.381x10-23 J/K, T = Kelvin绝对温度)kWh：千瓦时，能量的单位。

1kW=1000瓦，是一千瓦的灯泡亮一个小时锁消耗的能量. kWp, peak：指的是最大的功率点，单位是千瓦，一般太阳能逆变器的功率就是指的是最大功率。

LLaminate：一种薄片材料，来保护电池板芯片，例如EVA或Tedlar。

通过该物质将电池板芯片整个用透明的物质密封起来，一方面保护电池板芯片，另外一方面还要保持阳光的穿透力。

Light trapping：光的增透，在光完全被电池板吸收前，进入电池板的光通过反射和内表面的阻碍，光的增透对薄层电池板有着非常特别的意义，表面处理技术起着重要的作用。

MMajority charge carrier：多子，描述半导体里的带电体，通常决定于掺杂的类型，例如在p型多子是空穴，n型多子则是电子。

Marginal cost payment time ：接收太阳能发电，向电网传输所获的收益，因此到一定的是将将收回太阳能设备的投资成本，这段时间叫做成本收回时间。

Metal-Insolator-Silicon：缩写MIS，金属绝缘硅，这种电池板类型包含与传统电池板的不同是没有PN结，这个电荷分离功能满足这里从打入铯原子的氧化硅里出来的电子反转层。

优点是简化生产过程，不需要高温来掺杂。

Minority charge carrier：少子，描述半导体里的带电体，通常决定于掺杂的类型，例如在n型多子是空穴，p型多子则是电子。

Module effinciency：电池板模块的效率。

Module rated power：额定功率，电池板最大可能的输出功率，当太阳垂直照在电池板上时，单位为瓦特。

Module：电池板模块，将很多的太阳能发电单元联接，然后封闭后的电池板单元。

之后可以灵活串联并联。

Mono crystal silicon：单晶硅Mono crystal Silicon：单晶硅，纯净的晶体硅MPP （max power point）：最大功率点，在这个点上更具I-U曲线，电池板可以提供最大的功率，通过MPP的跟踪和控制可以在各种情况下找到最大功率点从而使电池板的发电效率提高。

专业英语——太阳能

solar buildung 太阳能建筑
renewable energy resource 再生能源
active solar house 主动式太阳能房
passive solar house 被动式太阳房
hybrid solar house 混合式太阳房
solar energy collector 太阳能集热器
building area of dwelling size －套型建筑面积
building area －建筑面积
building energy saving rate －建筑节能率
building intelligent control system －智能建筑控制系统
capillary radiation －毛细管辐射
modern architecture 现代建筑式样
architectural scale 建筑尺度
architectural treatment 建筑处理
architectural creation 建筑创作
architectural form 建筑形式
architectural style 建筑风格
indirect system －间接系统
indoor comfort level －室内舒适度
insolation standard －日照标准
instantaneous collector efficiency －集热器瞬时效率
low temperature hot water floor radiant heating －低温热水地板辐射供暖
economic analysis －经济分析
energy saving method －节能措施

光热太阳能专业英语词汇

A1、absorptions coefficient——吸收系数, 吸收强度（α－吸收系数）2、aperture diameter width——开口直径，指槽式聚光镜抛物槽的开口直径大小3、axis——轴4、azimuth——方位角，方位角又称地平经度(Azimuth (angle)缩写Az)，是在平面上量度物体之间的角度差的方法之一。

是从某点的指北方向线起，依顺时针方向到目标方向线之间的水平夹角。

5、absorptance——吸收率6、assembly——组装7、Alternating current——交流电8、AM, air mass的缩写, 空气质量.直射阳光光束透过大气层所通过的路程，以直射太阳光束从天顶到达海平面所通过的路程的倍数来表示。

9、Anneal——退火10、as-built drawing——竣工图B1、bypass valve——旁路阀2、biomass——生物质，太阳能电站混合供电系统中用到的生物质发电技术C1、concentrating Solar Power——聚光式太阳能发电，简称CSP，又叫做STP（Solar Thermal Power）——光热太阳能发电2、concentrator——聚光器或聚光镜3、collector——集热器，直接将太阳能转化为热能，使用高储热的物质诸如水或油等，之后使用热交换器使用所搜集的热量。

是聚光太阳能设备的总称，其中包括，concentrator（聚光镜）和receiver（接收器）.4、collecting loop 集热回路，槽式太阳能集热回路包括两种模式，一种是双回路系统，包括导热油（HTF系统）和（水蒸汽系统），另一种叫DSG系统，直接产生蒸汽系统。

两种系统的区别在于，第一种是由导热油做为热量转换的中间介质，而后者是太阳能直接转化为水蒸气的热能。

第一种系统效率低于第二种，第二种技术对集热管要求较高。

(Skyfuel公司在文件中介绍的便是采用南北向布置的双回路带储能的槽式发电系统。

太阳能行业英语词汇

薄膜电池材料及术语(中英文对照) AAcetone－丙酮Adjustment－调整，调节Aluminium(Al)－铝Arqon(Ar)－氩气Alternating current(AC)－交流电Ammonia(NH3)－氨气Amorphous－非晶的Anneal－退火Assembly－组装average power－平均功率BBackplane 背板Back conductor－背电极Back electrode－背电极balance gas－平衡气B2H6－硼烷Bounding－绑定Buffer－缓冲器built-in voltage－内建电压Building Integrated Photovoltaic－建筑一体化CCable－电缆Carrier－运送者，搬运器Cover glass－覆盖玻璃Chemical Vapor Deposition(CVD)－化学气相沉积Commit－提交，答应负责Copper(Cu)－铜Contamination－污染，玷污Conversion －转换，转化Cumulate－adj.累积的；v.累积Cathode－阴极Crystalline－晶体的Crystallite－微晶Chamber－室，房间Curve－曲线DDenser－密集的，浓厚的Deviation－背离，偏离Diffusion－扩散，传播，漫射Diode－二极管Double side sticking tape－双边粘结带Deposition－沉积Drill－钻孔Dielectric－电介质，绝缘体Direct current(DC)－直流电Dilution－稀释drift current－漂移电流EEdge－边缘，边EVA－乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物Evaporation－蒸发，蒸镀Etch－蚀刻efficiency－效率Encapsulation－封装Energy－能量FFast glue－快干胶Feature－特征，特色Flux－流量Foil－金属薄片Flaming－烧结Fabrication－制作，构成Furnace－熔炉，炉子GGlass washing detergent－玻璃清洗液Guarantee－保证，担保HHydrogen(H2) －氢气Helium(He)－氦气Ii-layer－i-层，本征层Infra-red(IR)－红外线I-V －电流-电压Incidence Waves－入射波initial－初始的，最初的Installation－安装，装置JJunction－结LLaser-Scribing－镭射分层，激光划线Lay out－平面图Lamination－层压，迭片Laminators层压机Lift－升距Liquid nitrogen－液氮MMagnetron－磁电管Maintenance－维修，维护Masking tape－包装带Masking paper－包装纸Methane(CH4) －甲烷Micromorph－微晶Module－模组Modify－更改，修改Metal organic Chemical Vapor Deposition(MOCVD)－金属有机化学气相沉积NNitrogen(N2)－氮气NF3－三氟化氮n-layer－n-层，含电子较多，掺N或POon-grid－并网organization－组织，机构，团体Oven－烤箱, 烤炉Output－产量Outdoor－户外的PPattern －V.形成，图案化；n.模式，图案PBS－聚(丁二烯-苯乙烯)PBT－聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯peak watt－峰瓦Plasma－等离子Plasma Enhance Chemical Vapor Deposition(PECVD)－等离子增强化学气相沉积p-layer－p层，空穴较多，掺硼Pilot－试生产Phosipine(PH3)－膦烷gmdPower－功率potted component－密封元件Preheat预热Preliminary－初步的Pressure－压力PVB－聚乙烯醇缩丁醛树脂Physical Vapor Deposition(PVD)—物理气相沉积PESC电池－发射结钝化太阳电池QQuality assessment(QA)－质量评价Quality control(QC)－质量控制，质量管理Qualification－资格，资质RRadio frequency(RF)－射频Recombination－复合Rise－升程Reliability－可靠性SSandblasting material－喷沙材料Seal －密封Seal belt－密封带Seal gum－密封胶Sealing arrangement－密封装置Semiconductor－半导体Silane(SiH4) －硅烷Silicon rubber －硅胶Silver(Ag)－银Single junction－单结Solar－太阳的，太阳能的Solar cell－太阳能电池Solar simulator－太阳光模拟器Solder－焊料，焊接Sputter －溅射Sodium bisulfide－硫化钠Sodium cloride－氯化钠SF6－六氟化硫Substrate－底物，基板Specify－指定，详细说明TTandem－叠层Target－靶材Tedlar－聚乙烯氟化物薄膜Temperature Coefficient－温度系数Thin film－薄膜TPT－太阳能背膜TPE－磷酸三苯酯，薄膜电池封装材料之一Transparent Conductive Oxide (TCO) －透明导电氧化层Trap－诱捕Trimethyl borate <B(CH3)3> －三甲基硼Trimmer －整理，清理Texturing－织构turn-key solution－交钥匙工程UUV－紫外Ultravacuum－超真空Vgloves－手套Vacuum－真空，空间Very High Frequency(VHF)－甚高频Vertical－垂直的WWafer－晶片，圆片，硅片Wiring－配线ZZinc(Zn)－锌常用符号Js－反向饱和电流密度R－反射系数T－透射系数α－吸收系数λ－波长Voc－开路电压：在p-n开路情况下（R=∞），p-n结两端的电压。

太阳能热发电英语词汇

太阳能热发电英语词汇熔融盐：molten['məultən] salt混合熔盐：molten salt mixture ['mikstʃə]多元熔盐multi['mʌlti] -molten salts氯化盐：chloride['klɔ:raid]salt碳酸盐：carbonate ['kɑ:bəneit] salt硝酸盐：nitrate ['naitreit] salt氟化盐：fluoride ['flu(:)əraid] salt密度：density ['densəti]粘度：viscosity [vi'skɔsəti]理论分析：theoretical [,θiə'retikəl] analysis [ə'næləsis]熔盐制备：preparation[,prepə'reiʃən] of molten salt熔点：melting['meltiŋ] point[pɔint]制备、配制：prepare [pri'pεə]共晶点：eutectic [ju:'tektik] point非共晶点：non-eutectic pointsolidification [,səlidifi'keiʃən] n. 凝固；团结；浓缩冷却DSC曲线：cooling DSC curve [kə:v]热稳定性：thermal stability [stə'biliti]热物理特性：thermoph ysical [,θə:məu'fizikəl] property ['prɔpəti] 太阳辐射：solar radiation[,reidi'eiʃən]时空：spatial-time['speiʃəl]机制；原理；进程；机械装置：mechanism['mekənizəm]传热：heat transfer [træns'fə:]蓄热：thermal['θə:məl] storage ['stɔridʒ]基础研究：basic['beisik] research研究进展：research progress['prəuɡres]前途；预期：prospect ['prɔspekt] （Vt勘探，勘察）市场预测：market prediction [pri'dikʃən]再生性能源renewable [ri'nju: əbl] energy优势；利益；有利条件：advantage [əd'vɑ:ntidʒ]储热介质：storage medium['mi:diəm]热传导：heat conduction[kən'dʌkʃən]低成本：low cost[kɔst]低压力：low pressure ['preʃə]长寿命：long life温度：temperature ['tempəritʃə]效率：efficiency [i'fiʃənsi]配置、外形、结构：configuration [kən,fiɡju'reiʃən]实验平台：experimental[ek,speri'mentəl platform['plætfɔ:m] 实验系统：experimental system测量、尺寸：measurement ['meʒəmənt]对流传热：convective [kən'vektiv] heat transfer对流：convective flow强化传热：enhanced [in'hɑ:nst] heat transfer湍流：turbulent ['tə:bjulənt]过热蒸汽overheating[,əuvər'hi:tiŋ]steam饱和蒸汽saturation[,sætʃə'reiʃən] steam吸收receiver [ri'si:və]温度temperature ['tempəritʃə]管道pipeline ['paip,lain]有利条件，利益advantage[əd'vɑ:ntidʒ]power generation[,dʒenə'reiʒən] 发电量发电设备发电efficiency[i'fiʃənsi] 效率效能功效conclusion[kən'klu:ʒən] n. 结论；推论；结局stainless['steinlis] steel[sti:l] 不锈钢corrosion[kə'rəuʒən] 腐蚀；腐蚀产生的物质；衰败corrosion test 腐蚀试验anticorrosion [,æntikə'rəuʒən] 防腐蚀防腐蚀的immersed [i'mə:st] adj. 浸入的v. 浸stability[stə'biliti] n. 稳定性；background ['bækɡraund] 背景characteristics[,kærəktə'ristiks] of solar energy 太阳能的特点intermittent [,intə'mitənt] adj. 间歇的，断断续续的unstable [,ʌn'steibl] adj. 不稳定的高效传热蓄热技术High-efficiency heat transfer and thermal storage technology 熔融盐传热蓄热材料Heat transfer and thermal storage materials硝酸熔盐研究现状State of the arts of nitrates降低熔点Lower Tempphase[feiz]相位相阶段diagram['daiəɡræm] 图表；图解ternary ['tə:nəri] （三元的，三重的）nitrate salts 三元硝酸盐quaternary [kwə'tə:nəri]（四进制的；四个一组的）nitrate salts 四元硝酸盐composition [,kɔmpə'ziʃən]构成；合成物drying['draiiŋ]（干燥）oven['ʌvən] （炉，灶）干燥箱muffle['mʌfl]. 蒙住；裹住furnace['fə:nis]火炉，熔炉马弗炉thermal properties['prɔpətis] 热特性property ['prɔpəti] 性质，性能；财产；所有权absorption[əb'sɔ:pʃən] （吸收）peaks[pi:ks] （山峰；最高点；顶点）吸收峰sample['sɑ:mpl]样品comparison[kəm'pærisən] 对比对照appear [ə'piə] 出现显得the same[seim] temperature 温度相同the general trend[trend] 趋势is quite the same 总体趋势相似choice [tʃɔis]n. 选择；选择权；精选品adding into 添加appearance[ə'piərəns] 外貌，外观losses[lɔs] 损失损耗thickness['θiknis] losses 厚度损耗temperature drops[drɔps] 温差thermal shock[ʃɔk] tests 热冲击实验latent['leitənt] heat changed 相变潜热general behavior 常规性能thermal behavior 热性能inlet ['inlet] temperature 进口温度exit temperature 出口温度resource [ri'sɔ:s]资源、财力；pollutant [pə'lu:tnt] 污染物；Carbon['kɑ:bən] 碳Capture['kæptʃə]捕获& Storage['stɔridʒ]存储碳的捕获与储存电流：current容量：capacity电压：voltage有功损耗：active loss无功损耗：reactive loss功率因数：power-factorCPM：Central Processing Module总控CCU：Central Control Unit总控IED：Intelligent Electronic Devices智能设备CRMS：Control Room Management System 控制室管理系统CIS：Consumer Information System 用户信息系统千瓦Active Power (KW)冷却水温度表Coolant Temperature Gauge温度开关temperature switch绝对温度absolute temperature平均温度average temperature临界温度critical temperature入口温度inlet temperature出口温度outlet temperature表面温度surface temperature室内温度indoor temperature室外温度outdoor temperature工作温度working temperature环境温度ambient temperature壁温wall temperature温差temperature difference2074.压力开关pressure switch2075.绝对压力absolute pressure2076.实际压力actual pressure2077.工作压力working pressure2078.环境压力ambient pressure2079.标准大气压力standard atmosphere 2081.临界压力cirtical pressure 2082.超临界压力supercritical pressure 2083.亚临界压力subcritical pressure 2084.入口压力inlet pressure2085.出口压力outlet pressure 2086.差压differential pressure 2087.背压back pressure2088.风压air pressure2089.汽压steam pressure2098.流量开关flow switch2099.给水流量feed water flow 2100.蒸汽流量steam flow2101.总流量total flow2102.部分流量partial flow2103.表面粗糙度degree of finish2104.平滑性flatness2105.临界截面throat2106.同心度concentricity2171.自动调整automatic adjustment2172.自动控制automatic control2173.自动跟踪automatic track2174.人工干预manual intervention2175.允许限值allowable limit2176.目标负荷target load2189.测量值measured value2291.可靠性reliability2292.可利用率availability2293.灵敏度sensitivity2294.精确度accuracy2295.温度补偿temperature compensation2304.抗冲击能力surge withstand capability2305.工作时间up time2306.故障时间down time2322.仪表measuring instrument2323.指示仪表indicator2324.记录仪表recorder2325.开关switch2326.按钮button, pushbuttonsuperheater 过热器water preheater 水预热器air preheater 空气预热器deaerator 除氧器feed water tank 供水箱boiler feed pump 给水泵switchgear 开关设备surface condenser 表面凝汽turbine room 汽轮机室steam turbine with alternator 蒸汽汽轮发电机组circulating water pipe(pump) 循环水管control room 控制室thermal cycle 热力循环(net)heat rate （净）热耗率module 模块standby 备用bracket 支架tank 桶，箱，罐diagram 图表deaerator 除氧器corrosion 侵蚀，腐蚀状态safety relief valve 安全卸压阀enthalpy 焓estimate 评价，评估，估价parameters 参数，参量nominal 额定的MS—Main Steam 主蒸汽Cycle 循环Fetting 附件Gage 表，压力计Taps 接头test wells 测点插孔stress-relieved 应力消除thermometer 恒温计steam purge system 蒸汽吹扫系统centrifugal type pumps 离心式泵friction losses 磨擦损失solenoid 螺线管modulat 调整，调节criteria 标准wrenches 扳手pipe taps 管接头Air Intake Valve 进气阀ALM Alarm 报警CCW Cycle Cooling Water 循环水CCCW Closed Circulating Cooling Water 闭式循环冷却水CHK VLV Check Valve 逆止阀CIRC Circulation 循环CLR Cooler 冷却器CLOW Cooling Water 冷却水CP Condensate Polisher 除盐装置CS Control Switch 控制开关GV Governor Valve 高压调门H Heat Conservation 保温HS Hand Switch 手动开关HTRHeater 加热器HV Hand Control Valve 手动控制器HL Heat Loss 热损失HMDY Humidity 湿度ON开（状态）OFF关（状态）OPEN 开(状态，常指阀门)CLOSE关（状态，常指阀门）START 启动STOP 停止STARTUP起动；启动SHUTDOWN停机STAND BY 备用ALARM报警OPERATE 运行；操作TRIP 跳闸TEST 试验INDICATION；DISPLAY指示；显示INLET入口OUTLET 出口INPUT输入OUTPUT 输出SIDE（某）侧，边A/M：AUTOMATION/MANUAL 自动/手动AUX：AUXILIARY辅助A/H：AUTOMATION/HAND自动/手动LOC：LOCAL就地REM：REMOTE摇控P：PRESSURE 压力T：TEMPERATURE 温度F：FLOW 流量S：SPEED 速度R：RATE比率，速率L：LOAD 负荷，负载R：RESISTANCE 电阻POWER 功率，电源RPM 转/分MW：MEGAWATT 兆瓦PARAMETER参数KW：KILOWATT 千瓦HIGH 高INTERMEDIATE 中LOW 低SILENCER 消音器ZOOM 摄像机镜头SYSTEM 系统BYPASS旁路PIPE；TUBE 管道，管子VALVE 阀门MCS：MANAGMENT COMMAND SYSTEM 管理命令系统UNIT单元、机组PRINT 打印SYMBOL 符号CURVE，LINE 曲线，线PANEL盘DESK 台，桌ROOM室STATION 站PLANT 厂，站I＆C：INSTRUMENT AND CONTROL 仪表与控制MODE方式，模式SET POINT设定点TRANSMITTIER；TRANSDUCER 变送器；传感器COMPUTER计算机KEYBOARD 键盘CODE 代码；编码DATA 数据；文件；资料DISK 磁盘DIGIT 数字FIGURE 图示STATIC静态DYNAMIC；DYNAMICAL 动态TRIP ACKNOW 跳闸确认COLD START—UP 冷态启动WARM START—UP 温态启动HOT START—UP 热态启动RESET复位SELECT选择UNAVAIL 不允许(不能投用的)FAST 快SLOW慢NORMAL 正常INCREAS 增加DECREAS 减少STEAM TURBINE 汽轮机TURBINE GENERATOR 汽轮发电机组CYLINDER 、CASING 汽缸STATOR 定子ROTOR 转子BEARING 轴承SHAFT 轴BLADE 叶片GEARING 盘车NOZZLE 喷嘴FLANGE 法兰SEAL 密封BEARING BRASS 轴瓦PILOT VALVE 错油门MOP：MAIN OIL PUMP 主油泵MSV：MAIN STOP VALVE 主汽阀CV：CONTROL VALVE 高压调门IV：INTERMEDIATE VALVE 中压联合汽门EMERGENCY GOVERNOR 危急保安器SPEED INDICATOR OR SPEED METER 转速表JACKING OIL PUMP 顶轴油泵COOLER 冷却器FILTER 滤网SILENCER 消音器SUCTION PUMP 抽吸泵SYNCHRONIZER 同步器THROTTLE ORIFICE 节流孔板GOVERNOR 调速器BOOSTER FEED PUMP 前置给水泵HPH：HIGH PRESSURE HEATER 高加LPH：LOW PRESSURE HEATER 低加CIRCULATING PUMP 循环泵CONDENSATE PUMP 凝泵CONDENSER HOT WELL 热井LUBE OIL PUMP 润滑油泵MAKE－UP WATER 补给水MOTOR DRIVEN FEED WATER PUMP 电动给水泵OIL PURIFIER 净油器TURBINE DRIVEN FEED WATER PUMP 汽动给水泵OIL STORAGE TANK 储油箱DEMI WATER 除盐水CLOSED COOLING WATER 闭式冷却水EXTRACTION STEAM抽汽DEAERATOR 除氧器CONDENSER 凝汽器EXHAUST 排汽AUX STEAM HEADER 辅汽联箱VACUUM BROKEN VALVE 真空破坏门EJECTOR 喷射器，抽气器VACCUM 真空EXPANSION 膨胀VIBRATION 振动CIRCULATING 循环AMS ：ADMISSION MODE SELECTION 进汽方式选择SURGE APPROACH 喘振TURBINE MASTER 汽机主控器1ST STAGE PRESS 第一级压力RH STEAM TEMP OUTLET 再热器出口温度RH STEAM ATTEM FLOW 再热喷水流量DISPATCH PARTICIPATION 调度（参与）指令CMPTR 计数器MEASURE SELECTION 测量选择站PLATEN SH INLET TEMP SIDE A A侧屏过入口温度OPERATE MODE SELECT 运行方式选择OPERATE MANUAL MODE 手动方式TURBING FOLLOW MODE 汽机跟随方式BOILER FOLLOW MODE 锅炉跟随方式BALANCE 平衡COORDINATE MODE 协调方式SLIDING PRESS MODE 滑压方式DECR PRESS AT FIX LOAD 在负荷不变下减压ACTUAL MEGA WATT 实际负荷数INCR PRESS AT FIX LOAD 在负荷不变下增压INT POS 中间状态RH SPRAY WTR STOP VLVS 再热器喷水截止阀PRIMARY SH STOP VALVE 一级过热器截止阀RH SPRAY BLOCK VLVSTRIP INIT 再热器喷水闭锁阀跳闸启动MANUAL LOAD SET手动负荷设定MANUAL LOAD RATE 手动负荷率MANUAL THROTTLE PRESS SET POINT 手动节流压力设定值DURM PRESSURE 汽包压力PUMP A DISCH PRESS A泵出口压力ST－UP BOIL FDW PUMP 启动给水泵EMERG OIL PUMP 事故油泵TURBINE FW PUMP AUX＆VLV 小机给水泵辅汽及阀门TFW PUMP MAIN OIL PMP 汽动给水泵的主油泵TFW PMP DISCHARGE VLV 汽动泵出口阀FW VLV 给水阀门FW CONTROL VALVE’S BYPASS VLV 给水控制阀的旁路阀FW FLOW 30% CONTROL VLV30% 给水控制阀FW FLOW MASTER CONTROL 给水流量主控FW PUMP RECIRCUL CONTROL VLV 给水泵循环控制阀TURBINE INLET PRESS 汽机入口压力LP＆HP BYPASS PRESS SIDE A低压或高压旁路A侧压力LP＆HP BYPASS TEMP SIDE A低压或高压旁路A侧温度HP BYPASS＆HP ATTEMP VLVS 高压旁路及减温水阀HP＆LP BYPASS COMMAND 高压及低压旁路指令HP ATTEMP BLOCK VLV 高旁减温水闭锁阀HP ATTEM PRESS CONTROL VLV 高旁减温水压力控制阀HP BYPASS PRESS SET POINT 高旁压力设定值HP BYPASS PRESS CONTROL VLV 高旁压力控制阀HP BYPASS TEMP CONTROL VALVE 高旁温度控制阀FW HP HTR DISCH TEMP 给水高加出口温度EXTR ST TO HP HTR抽汽至高加CONDS EXTR PUMP DISCH凝结水抽吸泵出口CONDS STOR TANK LEVEL 凝结水储水箱水位LP HTR STOP VLV 低加截止阀CLOSED COOLING WTR PUMP 闭式冷却水泵AUX STM HEADER PRESS CONTROL VLV 辅汽联箱压力控制阀AUX STEAM TEMP CONTROL 辅汽温度控制DEAERATOR LEVEL CONTROL VLV 除氧器水位控制阀CONDENSER LEVEL CONTROL VLV 凝汽器水位控制阀CICR WTR PUMP 循环泵HYDRAULIC OIL STATION PUMP 液压油站泵COOLNG WTR PUMP 水冷泵FUNCTION GROUP 功能组VACUUM SEQ真空程控CONDENSER AIR SUCTION VLV 凝汽器抽空气阀CICR PMP DISCHARGE VLV 循环泵出口阀CURRENT 电流VOLTAGE 电压RESISTANCE 电阻REACTANCE 电抗INDUCTANCE 电感CAPACITANCE 电容AMPERE 安培VOLT(V) 伏特OHM 欧姆WATT 瓦特KILOWATT 千瓦MEGAWATT 兆瓦POWER 功率FREQUENCY 频率SPEED 速度，转速ACTIVE POWER 有功功率REACTIVE POWER 无功功率LOAD 负荷POWER FACTOR 功率因数LOSS损耗DIRECT CURRENT(DC) 直流ALTERNATING CURRENT(AC) 交流OVER CURRENT 过流OVER VOLTAGE过压OVERLOAD 过载EXCITE 励磁LOAD FLOW负荷潮流分布TRANSMISSION 传输BASE LOAD 基荷PEAK LOAD 峰荷CARRIER 载波COMMUNICATION 通讯TELEPHONE 电话LIGHT 照明SIGNAL 信号MAGNETIC FIELD 磁场LINE线路GENERATOR发电机AERIAL LINE 架空线BUS 母线EXCITOR 励磁机BUSBAR FRAME 母线架MOTOR 电动机BUSCOUPLER 母联ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR 异步电动机INSULATOR 绝缘子BUSHING套管ARMATURE 电枢TRANSFORMER 变压器COIL 线圈MAIN TRANSFORMER STEP-UP TRANSFORMER 主变WINDING 绕组UNIT TRANSFORMER 单元变CORE 铁芯START UP TRANSFORMER 启动变POLE 电极BACK UP TRANSFORMER 备用变PHASE 相POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER 电压互感器PHASE ANGLE相角CURRENT TRANSFORMER 电流互感器CONDUCTOR导体CABLE电缆ANGLE OF LEAD 超前角ANGLE OF LAG 滞后角SWITCH 开关NEUTRAL POINT 中性点AUTOFORMER 自藕变GROUNDING(EARTHING)接地DISCONNECTOR隔离开关DIESEL GENERATOR柴油发电机AUXI TRANSFORMER厂用变SWITCHGEAR配电盘、开关装置BULB灯泡CLOSE合闸BATTERY 电池TRIP跳闸CATHODE阴极RECLOSING重合闸ANODE 阳极AUTORECLOSING自动重合闸CHARGING EQUIPMENT充电设备COMBINED RECLOSING综合重合闸BUS SECTION母线分段GAS瓦斯PLUG插头ARC 电弧PLUG SOCKET 插座HARDWARE 硬件CLOSED-LOOP闭环OPEN-LOOP开环CPU(CENTARL PROCESSING UNIT 中心处理单元ABNORMAL CONDITION 异常状态CONFIGURATION 结构，布置，外形SUPERVISORS DESK 值长台UNIT CONTROL DESK 机组控制台EHV MIMIC PANEL电气高压模拟屏COMMON SERVICES LOGIC SUITE 公用系统逻辑柜CRT 显示屏ADS(ALARM DISPLAY SELECT PANELS) 报警显示选择屏CIU计算机接口单元BATTERY BACKED CLOCK 电池备用时钟INTERFACE 接口E.W.S. 工程师工作站DAS 数据采集系统CCR 中控室MCC 马达控制中心PC 动力中心I.C.S 数字控制站终端模件TSI 汽机监视仪表MFP多功能控制器EXCEPTION REPORT 例外报告THREE ELEMENTS LEVEL CONTROLLER 三冲量水位控制器TIME DELAY 时间延迟SCR CONTROLLER 可控硅整流控制器DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEM 分散控制系统UNINTERRUPTED POWER SUPPLY 不间断电源THERMO-COUPLE 热电偶IND 指示器FIS流量显示开关PDIS压差显示开关PP：PREESSURE POINT 压力检测点PS 压力开关TI温度显示器TIC温度指示控制TP 温度检测点TS 温度开关TT 温度变送器VI阀位置指示VT 阀位置变送器LC 液位控制器LK 液位控制站LI 液位显示PG 压力计PIC 压力显示控制器PK 压力控制站PT 压力变送器chemical composition 化学成分；化学组成mineral composition 矿物组成，矿物成分gas composition 气体组分，气体成分body composition 身体组成product composition 产品构成elemental composition 构成的化学元素composition of a picture 画面结构color composition 色彩构成；铯彩构图；彩色合成atmospheric composition 大气成分，大气组成mechanical composition 机械组成（注：可编辑下载，若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢!）。

太阳能专业英语翻译

Unit1 renewable Energy CommercializationIntroduction可再生能源商业化涉及可再生能源三代技术的部署要追溯到100多年,见图1.1和图1.2。

第一代技术已经成熟和经济竞争包括，生物量、水力发电、地热能和热。

第二代市场化技术目前正在部署,其中包括太阳能加热,光伏发电,风力发电、太阳能热发电站和现代形式的生物能源。

第三代技术需要继续努力研究和开发(研发)为了在全球范围内,做出巨大的贡献。

先进的生物质气化技术、包括干热岩地热发电,海洋能发电.有一些非技术性的障碍广泛存在于可再生能源,而且往往是公共政策和政治领导,帮助解决这些障碍,推动可再生能源技术的更广泛的利用。

2010年,98个国家制定自己的可再生能源期货目标和制定广泛的公共政策来提倡可再生能源。

而且气候变化的问题推动了可再生能源行业的增长。

领先的可再生能源公司包括第一太阳能、Gamesa、通用电气能源，q - cells,锋利太阳能、西门子、Sunopta尚德和维斯塔斯。

可再生能源的总投资在2010亿年达到211亿美元,高于在2009年的160亿美元。

2010年投资最多的国家是中国、德国、美国、意大利和巴西。

预计可再生能源行业的持续增长和与许多其他行业相比在2009年经济危机中促销政策能帮助天气行业。

美国总统奥巴马在2009年美国复苏与再投资法案中包括再投资700亿美元的支出和抵免税收对清洁能源和相关的运输计划。

清洁科技表明,清洁能源的商业化已经帮助世界各国摆脱2009年的全球金融危机。

经济分析师预计市场可再生能源(天然气)收益在2011年日本核事故直接影响了在全球范围内可再生能源行业中大约300万个工作岗位,其中大约一半是生物燃料产业。

根据国际能源署2011年的推测, 在50年内太阳能发电机可能产生世界上大多数的电力,显著降低有害温室气体的排放。

Lesson1 overviewRationale for renewables气候变化、污染和能源安全是当前最严重的问题和解决他们需要能量基础设施的重大改变。

光伏行业常用英文单词

光伏行业常用英文单词在光伏行业中，英语单词是必备的工具，具备一定的英文词汇能力对于从事光伏行业的人士来说至关重要。

本文将介绍光伏行业中常用的英文单词以及它们的中文意义，希望能帮助读者更好地理解和运用这些术语。

1. Solar energy - 太阳能Solar energy refers to the energy derived from the sun's radiation. It is the primary source of power in the solar industry, driving the generation of electricity through solar panels.2. Photovoltaic (PV) - 光伏的Photovoltaic, often abbreviated as PV, is the technology used to convert sunlight directly into electricity. It involves the use of solar cells or modules to capture and convert solar energy.3. Solar panel - 太阳能电池板A solar panel is a device that consists of multiple solar cells connected together. It converts sunlight into electricity through the photovoltaic effect.4. Solar cell - 太阳能电池A solar cell, also known as a photovoltaic cell, is the basic building block of a solar panel. It converts sunlight into electricity by absorbing photons and releasing electrons.5. Solar module - 太阳能模块A solar module, also referred to as a solar panel module, is a packaged assembly of interconnected solar cells. It provides a larger surface area for capturing sunlight and generating electricity.6. Solar farm - 太阳能发电场A solar farm is a large-scale installation of solar panels or modules. It is designed to generate significant amounts of electricity for commercial or utility-scale applications.7. Inverter - 逆变器An inverter is a device used in photovoltaic systems to convert the direct current (DC) produced by solar panels into alternating current (AC) for use in electrical grids or appliances.8. Net metering - 净计量Net metering is a billing arrangement that allows solar energy system owners to receive credit for the excess electricity they generate and feed back into the grid. It promotes the integration of solar power into existing electrical grids.9. Feed-in tariff - 上网电价A feed-in tariff is a policy mechanism that promotes renewable energy generation by providing financial incentives for the production of electricity from renewable sources, such as solar power.10. Solar irradiance - 太阳辐照度Solar irradiance refers to the power per unit area received from the sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation. It is a key parameter in evaluating the potential energy output of solar panels.11. Off-grid - 脱网Off-grid refers to systems or applications that are not connected to the main electrical grid. Off-grid solar systems often rely on batteries to store excess energy for use during periods of low or no sunlight.12. Grid-connected - 并网Grid-connected systems are connected to the main electrical grid and feed excess electricity back into the grid. They allow for both the consumption of solar-generated power and the use of grid power when necessary.13. Photovoltaic efficiency - 光伏效率Photovoltaic efficiency measures how effectively a solar cell or module converts sunlight into electricity. Higher efficiency means a greater conversion rate and more power output.14. Solar thermal - 太阳能热利用Solar thermal refers to the use of solar energy to generate heat. It often involves the use of solar collectors to absorb sunlight and transfer the heat to a fluid, which can then be used for heating or generating electricity.15. Renewable energy - 可再生能源Renewable energy refers to energy sources that can be replenished naturally or essentially indefinitely. Solar energy is considered a renewable energy source, as it relies on the continuous availability of sunlight.以上是光伏行业中常见的英文单词及其中文意义。

太阳能电池专业英语

A1.中文：暗饱和电流英文：Dark Saturation Current解释：没有光照的条件下，将PN结反偏达到饱和时的电流。

降低暗饱和电流利于提高电池品质在以下的理想二极管公式中，I =流过二极管的总电流; I0 = “暗饱和电流”, V = 加在二极管两端的电压B1.中文：包装密度英文：Packing density解释：组件中被太阳能电池覆盖的面积对比于整个组件的面积。

它影响了组件的输出功率及工作温度2.中文：背电场英文：Back Surface Field解释：在电池背面由于重掺杂引起的电场。

该电场会排斥少数载流子以使它们远离高复合率的背表面3.中文：背面反射/底面反射英文：Rear Surface Reflection解释：穿过电池而未被吸收的长波光会被电池背面的金属或染料反射回电池，增大吸收概率4.中文：本底掺杂英文：Background Doping解释：电池衬底的掺杂浓度5.中文：表面制绒英文：Surface Texturing解释：用物理或化学的方法将平滑的硅电池表面变得粗糙，增大光捕获，减小反射6.中文：并网系统英文：Grid-connected Systems解释：并网系统指由光伏组件供电的，接入公用电网的光伏系统。

这类系统无须蓄电池7.中文：薄膜太阳能电池英文：Thin-film Solar Cells解释：薄膜太阳能电池是通过在衬底上镀光伏材料薄层制成的，厚度从几微米到几十微米不等。

成本较低但效率普遍较低8.中文：复合英文：Recommbination解释：又称为载流子复合，是指半导体中的载流子（电子和空穴）成对消失的过程。

9.中文：表面复合速率英文：Surface Recombination Velocity解释：当少子在表面消失时，由于浓度梯度，少子会从电池体流向表面。

表面复合速度表征表面复合的强弱。

C1.中文：掺杂英文：Doping解释：在本征半导体里加入施主或受主杂质（通常是磷或硼）使半导体内自由载流子浓度变高并使其具有p型或n型半导体的性质2.中文：串联电阻英文：Series Resistance解释：由电池体、电极接触等产生的分压电阻。

太阳能行业英语术语

太阳能产业行业术语光伏产业链PV industry chain多晶硅原料-----单晶硅棒----单晶硅片----晶体硅电池----电池封装----系统集成----工程安装polycrystalline silicon raw material ---mono-crystalline silicon ingot---mono-crystalline silicon wafer---crystalline silicon cell—cells encapsulation---system integration---construction installation单词：1.单晶硅片mono-crystalline silicon wafer多晶硅片polycrystalline silicon wafer晶向orientation少数载流子寿命lifetime导电类型conductivity type位错密度dislocation硅单晶片厚度thickness硅单晶片的弯曲度surface camber准方单晶硅片: quasi-square mono-crystalline silicon wafer2.太阳电池solar cell3.薄膜太阳电池film solar cell4.光电转换photo-electricity conversion5.太阳电池组件solar module多晶硅太阳电池组件polycrystalline solar module单晶硅太阳电池组件mono-crystalline solar module6.太阳能户用系统solar home system（分为：太阳能直流户用系统；太阳能交流户用系统；太阳能交直流户用系统）7.太阳能电站solar power station（分为：离网型太阳能电站off-grid solar power station ；并网型太阳能电站grid-connected solar power station ）8.太阳能热水器solar water heater9.太阳能热水系统：solar heating system10.太阳能直流式热水系统: solar direct heating system11.太阳能强迫循环热水系统solar compelling cycle heating system12.太阳能自然循环热水系统solar spontaneously cycle heating system13.真空管太阳能集热器vacuum tube solar centralized heating system14.平板型太阳能集热器flat type solar centralized heating system15.全玻璃真空太阳能集热器full-glass vacuum solar centralizedheating system16.热管式真空管太阳集热器heat-tube vacuum solar centralizedheating system17.采光面积: lighting area18.太阳能幅照度solar radiant intensity19.太阳能控制器：solar controller20.太阳能逆变器：solar inverter21.太阳能通讯基站solar telecommunication power systems22.石油和天然气管道太阳能阴极保护电站：solar power stations forcathode protection of the oil and gas feeding pipes23.太阳能电池方阵solar array24.太阳能通讯电源solar communication power station25.太阳能自动跟踪装置solar automatic tracker26.太阳能移动电源车（站）solar mobile electrical vehicle (station)27.光伏水泵solar pump28.太阳能杨水系统solar pumping system29.光—网---柴互补系统complementary system for solar –grid-dieseloil30.风---光互补系统complementary system for solar - wind31.太阳能交通信号灯solar traffic signal light32.太阳能交通警示标志solar traffic warning symbol33.太阳能道钉solar road mark34.太阳能庭院灯solar garden light35.太阳能路灯solar street light36.太阳能草坪灯solar lawn light37.太阳能广告牌solar billboard38.太阳能电话亭solar telephone booth短语：太阳能扬水和照明综合应用系统：the comprehensive utilization system of solar pumping and lighting变频调速交流异步电机：high-efficient frequency conversion alternating asynchronous motors（这个产品不是太阳能产品）送电到乡: Power Supply to Township丝绸之路光明工程：Silk Road Brightness Project太阳能亮化工程solar brightness project太阳能与建筑一体化integrate solar energy with building。

光伏太阳能专业英语词汇+英文解释 2

AC交流电Alternating currentAmorphous silicon solar cell 非晶硅太阳能电池Thin-film solar cells are usually produced by evaporating several semi-conductor films onto a so-called "substrate".一种通常是由蒸发几层半导体薄膜到一个所谓的基质上而制成的薄膜太阳能电池。

Ampère 安培Unit indicating the strength of electric current表示电流强度的单位。

Assembling system 集成系统System to install solar modules on roofs, facades or in the field.安装在屋顶、墙立面或空地上的太阳能组件系统。

Azimuth angle 方位角Describes the deviation from the South towards East-western direction.表示从南方到东西方向的偏差。

Building-integrated PV (BIPV) 光伏建筑一体化PV= photovoltaic 光伏的，光伏电池，光伏并网Used to describe a structure where PV replaces conventional materials and is integrated into the building. Typically, a photovoltaic array is incorporated into the roof or walls of a building. Roof tiles with integrated PV cells can now be purchased. Arrays can also be retrofitted into existing buildings; in this case they are usually fitted on top of the existing roof structure. Alternatively, an array can be located separately from the building but connected by cable to supply power for the building.用于描述一种用光伏电池代替创传统材料与建筑物结合的结构。

太阳能电池行业英语词汇

太阳能电池行业英语词汇A,Ampere的缩写, 安培a-Si:H, amorphous silicon的缩写, 含氢的, 非结晶性硅.Absorption, 吸收.Absorption of the photons:光吸收;当能量大于禁带宽度的光子入射时，太阳电池内的电子能量从价带迁到导带，产生电子——空穴对的作用，称为光吸收。

Absorptions coefficient, 吸收系数, 吸收强度.AC, 交流电.Ah, 安培小时.Acceptor, 接收者, 在半导体中可以接收一个电子.Alternating current, 交流电，简称“交流. 一般指大小和方向随时间作周期性变化的电压或电流. 它的最基本的形式是正弦电流. 我国交流电供电的标准频率规定为50赫兹。

交流电随时间变化的形式可以是多种多样的。

不同变化形式的交流电其应用范围和产生的效果也是不同的。

以正弦交流电应用最为广泛，且其他非正弦交流电一般都可以经过数学处理后，化成为正弦交流电的迭加。

AM, air mass的缩写, 空气质量.直射阳光光束透过大气层所通过的路程，以直射太阳光束从天顶到达海平面所通过的路程的倍数来表示。

当大气压力P=1.013巴，天空无云时，海平面处的大气质量为1。

amorphous silicon solar cell:非晶硅太阳电池（a—si太阳电池）用非晶硅材料及其合金制造的太阳电池称为非晶硅太阳电池，亦称无定形硅太阳电池，简称a—si太阳电池。

Angle of inclination, 倾斜角，即电池板和水平方向的夹角，0-90度之间。

Anode, 阳极, 正极.BBack Surface Field, 缩写BSF, 在晶体太阳能电池板背部附加的电子层, 来提高电流值. Bandbreak, 在半导体中, 价带和导带之间的空隙,对于半导体的吸收特性有重要意义. Becquerel, Alexandre-Edmond, 法国物理学家, 在1839年发现了电池板效应. BSF, back surface field的缩写.Bypass-Diode, 与太阳能电池并联的二极管, 当一个太阳能电池被挡住, 其他太阳能电池产生的电流可以从它处通过.CCadmium-Tellurium, 缩写CdTe; 位于II/VI位的半导体, 带空隙值为1,45eV, 有很好的吸收性, 应用于超薄太阳能电池板, 或者是连接半导体.Cathode, 阴极，或负极，是在电池板电解液里的带负电的电极，是电池板电解液里带电粒子和导线里导电电子的过渡点。

(整理)太阳能英语专业术语

太阳能专业词汇名词解释字母AAA, Ampere的缩写, 安培a-Si:H, amorph silicon的缩写, 含氢的, 非结晶性硅.Absorption, 吸收.Absorption of the photons:光吸收;当能量大于到禁带宽度的光子入射时，太阳电池内的电子能量从价带迁导带，产生电子——空穴对的作用，称为光吸收。

Absorptions coefficien t, 吸收系数, 吸收强度.AC, 交流电.Ah, 安培小时.Acceptor, 接收者, 在半导体中可以接收一个电子.Alternating current, 交流电，简称“交流. 一般指大小和方向随时间作周期性变化的电压或电流. 它的最基本的形式是正弦电流. 我国交流电供电的标准频率规定为50赫兹。

交流电随时间变化的形式可以是多种多样的。

不同变化形式的交流电其应用范围和产生的效果也是不同的。

以正弦交流电应用最为广泛，且其他非正弦交流电一般都可以经过数学处理后，化成为正弦交流电的迭加。

AM, air mass的缩写, 空气质量.直射阳光光束透过大气层所通过的路程，以直射太阳光束从天顶到达海平面所通过的路程的倍数来表示。

当大气压力P=1.013巴，天空无云时，海平面处的大气质量为1。

Angle of inclination, 倾斜角，即电池板和水平方向的夹角，0-90度之间。

Anode, 阳极, 正极.太阳能专业词汇名词解释字母BBack Surface Field, 缩写BSF, 在晶体太阳能电池板背部附加的电子层, 来提高电流值.Bandbreak, 在半导体中, 价带和导带之间的空隙,对于半导体的吸收特性有重要意义.Becquerel, Alexandre-Edmond, 法国物理学家, 在1839年发现了电池板效应.BSF, back surface field的缩写.Bypass-Diode, 与太阳能电池并联的二极管, 当一个太阳能电池被挡住, 其他太阳能电池产生的电流可以从它处通过.太阳能专业词汇名词解释字母CCadmium-Tellurid, 缩写CdTe; 位于II/VI位的半导体, 带空隙值为1,45eV, 有很好的吸收性, 应用于超薄太阳能电池板, 或者是连接半导体.Cathode, 阴极，或负极，是在电池板电解液里的带负电的电极，是电池板电解液里带电粒子和导线里导电电子的过渡点。

光伏太阳能专业英语词汇

AC交流电‎Alter‎n atin‎g curre‎n tAmorp‎h ous silic‎o n solar‎cell 非晶硅太阳‎能电池Thin-film solar‎cells‎are usual‎l y produ‎c ed by evapo‎r atin‎g sever‎a l semi-condu‎c tor films‎onto a so-calle‎d "subst‎r ate"Ampèr‎e安培Unit indic‎a ting‎the stren‎g th of elect‎r ic curre‎n tAssem‎b ling‎syste‎m集成系统Syste‎m to insta‎l l solar‎modul‎e s on roofs‎, façad‎e s or in the field‎.Azimu‎t h angle‎方位角Descr‎i bes the devia‎t ion from the South‎towar‎d s East-weste‎r n direc‎t ionBuild‎i ng-integ‎r ated‎PV (BIPV)Used to descr‎i be a struc‎t ure where‎PV repla‎c es conve‎n tion‎a l mater‎i als and is integ‎r ated‎into the build‎i ng. Typic‎a lly, a photo‎v olta‎i c array‎is incor‎p orat‎e d into the roof or walls‎of a build‎i ng. Roof tiles‎with integ‎r ated‎PV cells‎can now be purch‎a sed. Array‎s can also be retro‎f itte‎d into exist‎i ng build‎i ngs; in this case they are usual‎l y fitte‎d on top of the exist‎i ng roof struc‎t ure. Alter‎n ativ‎e ly, an array‎can be locat‎e d separ‎a tely‎from the build‎i ng but conne‎c ted by cable‎to suppl‎y power‎for the build‎i ng.By-pass diode‎旁路二极管‎Condu‎c ts the elect‎r icit‎y autom‎a tica‎l ly past a modul‎e in case it is shado‎w ed in one serie‎s. This is suppo‎s ed to preve‎n t any destr‎u ctio‎n due to overh‎e atin‎g.Circu‎i t 电路A syste‎m of condu‎c tors‎that conve‎y elect‎r icit‎y.CdTe solar‎cell碲‎化镉太阳能‎电池Thin-film solar‎cell made of very thin CdTe semi-condu‎c tor films‎(< 3 micro‎n s)CIS solar‎cellThin-film solar‎cell made of sever‎a l films‎of diffe‎r entl‎y doped‎coppe‎r-indiu‎m-disel‎e nide‎Circu‎i t break‎e r 断路开关A safet‎y devic‎e that shuts‎off power‎when it sense‎s too much curre‎n t.Combi‎n er box 和路箱Where‎the elect‎r ical‎wirin‎g from the PV modul‎e s is joine‎d toget‎h er in paral‎l el to combi‎n e elect‎r ical‎curre‎n ts.Condu‎c tor 导体A mater‎i al that is used to conve‎y elect‎r icit‎y, i.e. wires‎.Conve‎r sion‎effic‎i ency‎转换效率The perce‎n tage‎of elect‎r icit‎y that is creat‎e d by a solar‎cell as compa‎r ed to the amoun‎t of energ‎y neede‎d to gener‎a te that elect‎r icit‎y.Curre‎n t 电流The flow of elect‎r icit‎y betwe‎e n two point‎s. Measu‎r ed in amps.DC 直流电Direc‎t curre‎n tEnerg‎e tic amort‎i zati‎o n perio‎d能量偿还期‎Perio‎d of time a photo‎v olta‎i c syste‎m requi‎r es to produ‎c e the energ‎y requi‎r ed for produ‎c tion‎.Effic‎i ency‎功率The ratio‎of outpu‎t energ‎y to input‎energ‎y.Elect‎r ical‎grid 电网A large‎distr‎i buti‎o n netwo‎r k that deliv‎e rs elect‎r icit‎y over a wide area.Elect‎r ode 电极A condu‎c tor used to lead curre‎n t into or out of a nonme‎t alli‎c part of a circu‎i t.Energ‎y能量Usabl‎e power‎. Measu‎r ed in kWh.Energ‎y audit‎能量审核A proce‎s s that deter‎m ines‎how much energ‎y you use in your house‎or apart‎m ent.Energ‎y yield‎能量输出Elect‎r ic energ‎y indic‎a ted in kWh yield‎e d by a photo‎v olta‎i c syste‎mENSEquip‎m ent to contr‎o l the grid with attri‎b uted‎all-pole contr‎o l eleme‎n t in serie‎s. The ENS inclu‎d es a redun‎d ant volta‎g e and frequ‎e ncy contr‎o l of the elect‎r icit‎y grid and evalu‎a tes any leaps‎ascer‎t aine‎d in the grid imped‎a nce. If the set limit‎s are excee‎d ed, the ENS will switc‎h off the inver‎t er. When the line volta‎g e is re-estab‎l ishe‎d, the inver‎t er will resta‎r t opera‎t ion autom‎a tica‎l ly. Europ‎e an effic‎i ency‎rateWeigh‎t ed effic‎i ency‎rate is calcu‎l ated‎by weigh‎t ing diffe‎r ent parti‎a l load effic‎i ency‎rates‎and the full-load effic‎i ency‎rate in line with the frequ‎e ncy of their‎appea‎r ance‎.Facad‎e syste‎m正面系统Photo‎v olta‎i c syste‎m insta‎l led on the facad‎e of a build‎i ng or an integ‎r al part of a facad‎e.Feed-in meter‎输入计Measu‎r ing instr‎u ment‎for the suppl‎y of elect‎r ic energ‎y into the publi‎c power‎grid (unit in kWh) Misma‎t chin‎g inter‎c onne‎c tion‎of bette‎r and worse‎modul‎e s in one strin‎g as a conse‎q uenc‎e of which‎the worst‎modul‎e of one serie‎s deter‎m ines‎the elect‎r icit‎y.Field‎syste‎m野外系统Photo‎v olta‎i c syste‎m insta‎l led in a field‎Flat-roof syste‎m平台屋顶系‎统Photo‎v olta‎i c syste‎m insta‎l led on a flat roof.Fossi‎l fuels‎矿物燃料Fuels‎that are forme‎d under‎g roun‎d from the remai‎n s of dead plant‎s and anima‎l s. i.e. oil, natur‎a l gas, and coal are fossi‎l fuels‎.Globa‎l radia‎t ion 总辐射Sum of diffu‎s e, direc‎t and refle‎c ted solar‎radia‎t ion onto a horiz‎o ntal‎surfa‎c e.Green‎h ouse‎effec‎t温室效应When heat from the sun becom‎e s trapp‎e d in the Earth‎'s atmos‎p here‎due to certa‎i n gases‎.Green‎h ouse‎gases‎温室气体The gases‎respo‎n sibl‎e for trapp‎i ng heat from the sun withi‎n the Earth‎'s atmos‎p here‎.i.e. water‎vapor‎, carbo‎n dioxi‎d e, metha‎n e, ozone‎, chlor‎o fluo‎r ocar‎b ons, and nitro‎g en oxide‎s.Grid 电网A distr‎i buti‎o n netwo‎r k, inclu‎d ing tower‎s, poles‎, and wires‎that a utili‎t y uses to deliv‎e r elect‎r icit‎y. Grid-conne‎c ted PV syste‎m并网光伏系‎统When the elect‎r icit‎y grid is avail‎a ble but elect‎r icit‎y from a clean‎sourc‎e (solar‎) is desir‎e d, solar‎panel‎s can be conne‎c ted to the grid. Provi‎d ed that suffi‎c ient‎panel‎s are place‎d, the appli‎a nces‎inthe house‎/build‎i ng will then run on solar‎elect‎r icit‎y. A grid-conne‎c ted solar‎elect‎r icit‎y syste‎m basic‎a lly consi‎s ts of one or more solar‎panel‎s, an inver‎t er, cable‎s, the elect‎r ic load and a suppo‎r t struc‎t ure to mount‎the solar‎panel‎s.Hertz‎(HZ) 赫兹The frequ‎e ncy of elect‎r ical‎curre‎n t descr‎i bed in cycle‎s per secon‎d, i.e. Appli‎a nces‎in the Unite‎d State‎s use 60 HZ.Inver‎t er 逆变器Conve‎r ts the DC outpu‎t of the PV syste‎m into usabl‎e AC outpu‎t that can be fed direc‎t ly into the build‎i ng load.Irrad‎i ance‎辐照度the amoun‎t of solar‎energ‎y that strik‎e s a surfa‎c e durin‎g a speci‎f ic time perio‎d. Measu‎r ed in kilow‎a tts.I-V curve‎IV曲线A graph‎that plots‎the curre‎n t versu‎s the volta‎g e from the solar‎cell as the elect‎r ical‎load (or resis‎t ance‎) is incre‎a sed from short‎circu‎i t (no load) to open circu‎i t (maxim‎u m volta‎g e). The shape‎of the curve‎chara‎c teri‎z ing cell perfo‎r manc‎e. Three‎impor‎t ant point‎s on the IV curve‎are the open-circu‎i t volta‎g e, short‎-circu‎i t curre‎n t, and peak or maxim‎u m power‎(opera‎t ing) point‎. Junct‎i on box The point‎on a solar‎modul‎e where‎it conne‎c ts, or is strun‎g, to other‎solar‎modul‎e s. In-roof insta‎l lati‎o n 镶嵌屋顶系‎统Photo‎v olta‎i c syste‎m which‎is integ‎r ated‎into the roof cladd‎i ngIslan‎d syste‎m独立系统Grid-indep‎e nden‎t power‎suppl‎y syste‎mkWh – kilow‎a tt hourUnit indic‎a ting‎energ‎y/work and corre‎s pond‎i ng with the perfo‎r manc‎e of one kilow‎a tt durin‎g a perio‎d of one hourkWp - Kilow‎a tt peakUnit indic‎a ting‎the maxim‎u m perfo‎r manc‎e under‎stand‎a rd test conci‎t ions‎(STC)Load 负载The amoun‎t of elect‎r ical‎deman‎d used in the build‎i ng at any given‎time.Mono-cryst‎a llin‎e silic‎o n solar‎cell 单晶硅太阳‎能系统Basic‎raw mater‎i al is a monoc‎r ysta‎l drawn‎from melte‎d silic‎o n.Multi‎-cryst‎a llin‎e silic‎o n solar‎cell 多晶硅太阳‎能电池Basic‎raw mater‎i al is solar‎silic‎o n cast in block‎s.Natio‎n al Elect‎r ical‎Code (NEC) 国家电气代‎码The U.S. minim‎u m inspe‎c tion‎requi‎r emen‎t s for all types‎of elect‎r ical‎insta‎l lati‎o ns, inclu‎d ing solar‎syste‎m s.Natio‎n al Elect‎r ical‎Manuf‎a ctur‎e rs Assoc‎i atio‎n (NEMA) 国家电力生‎产商协会The U.S. trade‎assoc‎i atio‎n that devel‎o ps stand‎a rds for the elect‎r ical‎manuf‎a ctur‎i ng indus‎t ry. NREL The Natio‎n al Renew‎a ble Energ‎y Labor‎a tory‎国家可再生‎能源实验室‎A natio‎n al lab that conce‎n trat‎e s on study‎i ng and devel‎o ping‎renew‎a ble energ‎y sourc‎e s.Open circu‎i t volta‎g e 开路电压Maxim‎u m volta‎g e in an elect‎r ic circu‎i t which‎is gener‎a ted when the elect‎r icit‎y I equal‎s zero (depen‎d ing on termp‎e ratu‎r e).Perfo‎r manc‎e guara‎n tee 性能质保Exten‎d ed guara‎n tee of the modul‎e produ‎c er for the perfo‎r manc‎e of the solar‎modul‎e s.Perfo‎r manc‎e toler‎a nce 性能公差Toler‎a nce state‎d by the produ‎c er with regar‎d s to the nomin‎a l power‎.Poly-crist‎a llin‎e solar‎cell 多晶硅太阳‎能电池See multi‎-cryst‎a llin‎e silic‎o n solar‎cell.PSC 电力供应公‎司Power‎suppl‎y compa‎n ies.Peak load 最大负荷The large‎s t amoun‎t of elect‎r icit‎y being‎used at any one point‎durin‎g the day.Photo‎v olta‎i c (PV) 光伏the conve‎r sion‎of light‎into elect‎r icit‎y. The term "photo‎" comes‎from the Greek‎"phos," meani‎n g light‎. "Volta‎i c" is named‎for Aless‎a ndro‎Volta‎(1745-1827), a pione‎e r in the study‎of elect‎r icit‎y for whom the term "volt" was named‎. Photo‎v olta‎i cs, then, means‎"light‎elect‎r icit‎y."Photo‎v olta‎i c (PV) modul‎e光伏组件A numbe‎r of photo‎v olta‎i c cells‎elect‎r ical‎l y inter‎c onne‎c ted and mount‎e d toget‎h er, usual‎l y in a seale‎d unit of conve‎n ient‎size for shipp‎i ng, handl‎i ng and assem‎b ling‎into array‎s. The term "modul‎e" is often‎used inter‎c hang‎e ably‎with the term "panel‎.Photo‎v olta‎i c array‎光伏阵列An inter‎c onne‎c ted syste‎m of solar‎modul‎e s that funct‎i on as a singl‎e elect‎r icit‎y-produ‎c ing unit. Photo‎v olta‎i c cell 光伏电池（格）This is the basic‎unit of a solar‎modul‎e that colle‎c ts the sun's energ‎y.Photo‎v olta‎i c syste‎m光伏系统A compl‎e te set of compo‎n ents‎that conve‎r ts sunli‎g ht into usabl‎e elect‎r icit‎y.Recti‎f ier 整流器Trans‎f orms‎alter‎n atin‎g curre‎n t into direc‎t curre‎n tRoof incli‎n atio‎n屋顶倾斜度‎Angle‎of a roof towar‎d s the horiz‎o ntal‎Rated‎power‎额定功率Nomin‎a l power‎outpu‎t of an inver‎t er; some units‎canno‎t produ‎c e rated‎power‎conti‎n uous‎l y. Semic‎o nduc‎t or A mater‎i al that has an elect‎r ical‎condu‎c tivi‎t y in betwe‎e n that of a metal‎and an insul‎a tor. Typic‎a l semic‎o nduc‎t ors for PV cells‎inclu‎d e silic‎o n, galli‎u m arsen‎i de, coppe‎r indiu‎m disel‎e nide‎, and cadmi‎u m ellur‎i de.Short‎-circu‎i t elect‎r icit‎y短路电流Maxim‎u m elect‎r icit‎y in an elect‎r ic circu‎i t, which‎is gener‎a ted when the volta‎g e U at the termi‎n als equal‎s zero (propo‎r tion‎a l to solar‎radia‎t ion).Solar‎gener‎a torSum of solar‎modul‎e s.Speci‎f ic energ‎y yield‎能量生产率‎（比能率）Elect‎r ic energ‎y indic‎a ted in kWh and yield‎e d by a photo‎v olta‎i c syste‎m divid‎e d by the insta‎l led perfo‎r manc‎e (kWp).Stand‎a rd Test Condi‎t ions‎– STC 标准测试条‎件Gener‎a l condi‎t ions‎under‎which‎the perfo‎m ance‎of a solar‎modul‎e is measu‎r ed in a labor‎a tory‎. Const‎a nt facto‎r s for measu‎r ing are: Irrad‎i ance‎of 1,000W/m²5f; light‎spect‎r um after‎penet‎r atio‎n of 1.5fold‎densi‎t y of the atmos‎p here‎(AM1,5); tempe‎r atur‎e of the solar‎cell 25°C.Suppl‎y meter‎电源表Measu‎r ing instr‎u ment‎for the suppl‎y of elect‎r ic energ‎y from the publi‎c power‎grid (unit in kWh) Termp‎e ratu‎r e coeff‎i cien‎t温度系数Indic‎a tes to what exten‎t the indiv‎i dual‎facto‎r chang‎e s with the tempe‎r atur‎e. Tempe‎r atur‎e-indep‎e nden‎t facto‎r s are volta‎g e, elect‎r icit‎y and conse‎q uent‎l y also perfo‎r manc‎e. Thin-film solar‎cell 薄膜太能能‎电池Rough‎l y a hundr‎e d times‎thinn‎e r than cryst‎a llin‎e cells‎.Indus‎t rial‎produ‎c tion‎proce‎d ure (evapo‎r atio‎n, atomi‎z atio‎n proce‎d ure…) onto the subst‎r ate lower‎s the cost. Dopin‎g speci‎f ic conta‎m inat‎i on of pures‎t silic‎o n with impur‎i ty atoms‎.In a so-calle‎d diffu‎s ion proce‎d ure, impur‎e atoms‎(e.g. borum‎, phosp‎h or), which‎can give off elect‎r ons, are trans‎p orte‎d below‎the surfa‎c e of the wafer‎s.Three‎-phase‎volta‎g e contr‎o l 三相电压控‎制器Equip‎m ent to contr‎o l the grid. Volta‎g e contr‎o l of the three‎phase‎s. If a volta‎g e falls‎below‎a stipu‎l ated‎limit‎, the equip‎m ent will be switc‎h ed off.Tilt angle‎倾斜角The angle‎of incli‎n atio‎n of a modul‎e measu‎r ed from the horiz‎o ntal‎.Trans‎f orme‎r变压器Used to step up or down the volta‎g e emerg‎i ng from the inver‎t er to match‎the requi‎r ed volta‎g e of the onsit‎e load or the utili‎t y inter‎c onne‎c tion‎.V olt 伏特Unit indic‎a ting‎the volta‎g e.Watt 瓦特Unit indic‎a ting‎the perfo‎r manc‎e.WhUnit indic‎a ting‎the watth‎o ur.WpUnit indic‎a ting‎the wattp‎e ak.。

太阳能专业英语汇总

积极引进、开发和推广清洁燃烧、热泵、太阳能光伏发电、太阳能集热、燃料电池、纳米材料等技术；收藏指正
10.The practicability of selective black Ni-Sn alloy surface by means of electrop- lating is investigated according to the requirements that solar collector surface sho- uld have high absorptance(α_)in visible spectrum and low emittance(ε).
北京清华紫光太阳能技术研究所是致力于太阳能热水器、太阳能集热工程、太阳能光伏等新能源的技术开发，产品生产、市场营销及完善的售后服务为一体的综合型企业，公司集清华大学的特殊优势和17年的市场积累，以品牌、资源及资金为发展支点，开发绿色节能产品，特别是太阳能热水器和太阳能大型集热工程的应用技术，凭借对科技成果产业化的管理能力和经验，逐步发展成为较具规模和引导行业技术发展的企业。收藏指正
太阳能热动力系统Brayton装置与Stirling装置分析与比较收藏指Байду номын сангаас
3.Field Layout and CPC Researches in Tower Solar Power Plants and Roof CPV Design
塔式太阳能热发电站镜场和CPC及屋顶CPV设计研究收藏指正
21.This paper presents a brief description of the construction,characteristics and the application prospects of the space used Solar Dynamic(SD)power system, while in detail,optimizes the thermal parameters withthe total system weight and the cross drag area for an example of a 10kWClosed Brayton Cycle(CBC)SD power device.

光热太阳能专业英语词汇

是从某点的指北方向线起，依顺时针方向到目标方向线之间的水平夹角。

两种系统的区别在于，第一种是由导热油做为热量转换的中间介质，而后者是太阳能直接转化为水蒸气的热能。

第一种系统效率低于第二种，第二种技术对集热管要求较高。

(Skyfuel公司在文件中介绍的便是采用南北向布置的双回路带储能的槽式发电系统。

太阳能电池行业英语词汇2

AAbsorber— In a photovoltaic device, the material that readily absorbs photons to generate charge carriers (free electrons or holes).AC— see alternating current.Activated Shelf Life— The period of time, at a specified temperature, that a charged battery can be stored before its capacity falls to an unusable level.Activation Voltage(s)— The voltage(s) at which a charge controller will take action to protect the batteries.Adjustable Set Point— A feature allowing the user to adjust the voltage levels at which a charge controller will become active.Alternating Current (AC)— A type of electrical current, the direction of which is reversed at regular intervals or cycles. In the United States, the standard is 120 reversals or 60 cycles per second. Electricity transmission networks use AC because voltage can be controlled with relative ease.Acceptor— A dopant material, such as boron, which has fewer outer shell electrons than required in an otherwise balanced crystal structure, providing a hole, which can accept a free electron.AIC— See amperage interrupt capability.Air mass (sometimes called air mass ratio)— Equal to the cosine of the zenith angle-that angle from directly overhead to a line intersecting the sun. The air mass is an indication of the length of the path solar radiation travels through the atmosphere. An air mass of 1.0 means the sun is directly overhead and the radiation travels through one atmosphere (thickness).Ambient Temperature— The temperature of the surrounding area.Amorphous Semiconductor— A non-crystalline semiconductor material that has no long-range order.Amorphous Silicon— A thin-film, silicon photovoltaic cell having no crystalline structure. Manufactured by depositing layers of doped silicon on a substrate. See also single-crystal silicon an polycrystalline silicon.Amperage Interrupt Capability (AIC)—direct current fuses should be rated with a sufficient AIC to interrupt the highest possible current.Ampere (amp)— A unit of electrical current or rate of flow of electrons. One volt across one ohm of resistance causes a current flow of one ampere.Ampere-Hour (Ah/AH)— A measure of the flow of current (in amperes) over one hour; used to measure battery capacity.Ampere Hour Meter— An instrument that monitors current with time. The indication is the product of current (in amperes) and time (in hours).Angle of Incidence— The angle that a ray of sun makes with a line perpendicular to the surface. For example, a surface that directly faces the sun has a solar angle of incidence of zero, but if the surface is parallel to the sun (for example, sunrise striking a horizontal rooftop), the angle of incidence is 90°.Annual Solar Savings— The annual solar savings of a solar building is the energy savings attributable to a solar feature relative to the energy requirements of a non-solar building.Anode— The positive electrode in an electrochemical cell (battery). Also, the earth or ground in a cathodic protection system. Also, the positive terminal of a diode.Antireflection Coating— A thin coating of a material applied to a solar cell surface that reduces the light reflection and increases light transmission.Array— see photovoltaic (PV) array.Array Current— The electrical current produced by a photovoltaic array when it is exposed to sunlight.Array Operating Voltage— The voltage produced by a photovoltaic array when exposed to sunlight and connected to a load.Autonomous System— See stand-alone system.Availability— The quality or condition of a photovoltaic system being available to provide power to a load. Usually measured in hours per year. One minus availability equals downtime.Azimuth Angle— The angle between true south and the point on the horizon directly below the sun.Back to TopBBalance of System— Represents all components and costs other than the photovoltaic modules/array. It includes design costs, land, site preparation, system installation, support structures, power conditioning, operation and maintenance costs, indirect storage, and related costs.Band Gap— In a semiconductor, the energy difference between the highest valence band and the lowest conduction band.Band Gap Energy (Eg)— The amount of energy (in electron volts) required to free an outer shell electron from its orbit about the nucleus to a free state, and thus promote it from the valence to the conduction level.Barrier Energy— The energy given up by an electron in penetrating the cell barrier; a measure of the electrostatic potential of the barrier.Base Load— The average amount of electric power that a utility must supply in any period.Battery— Two or more electrochemical cells enclosed in a container and electrically interconnected in an appropriate series/parallel arrangement to provide the required operating voltage and current levels. Under common usage, the term battery also applies to a single cell if it constitutes the entire electrochemical storage system.Battery Available Capacity— The total maximum charge, expressed in ampere-hours, that can be withdrawn from a cell or battery under a specific set of operating conditions including discharge rate, temperature, initial state of charge, age, and cut-off voltage.Battery Capacity— The maximum total electrical charge, expressed in ampere-hours, which a battery can deliver to a load under a specific set of conditions.Battery Cell— The simplest operating unit in a storage battery. It consists of one or more positive electrodes or plates, an electrolyte that permits ionic conduction, one or more negative electrodes or plates, separators between plates of opposite polarity, and a container for all the above.Battery Cycle Life— The number of cycles, to a specified depth of discharge, that a cell or battery can undergo before failing to meet its specified capacity or efficiency performance criteria.Battery Energy Capacity— The total energy available, expressed in watt-hours (kilowatt-hours), which can be withdrawn from a fully charged cell or battery. The energy capacity of a given cell varies with temperature, rate, age, and cut-off voltage. This term is more common to system designers than it is to the battery industry where capacity usually refers to ampere-hours.Battery Energy Storage— Energy storage using electrochemical batteries. The three main applications for battery energy storage systems include spinning reserve at generating stations, load leveling at substations, and peak shaving on the customer side of the meter.Battery Life— The period during which a cell or battery is capable of operating above a specified capacity or efficiency performance level. Life may be measured in cycles and/or years, depending on the type of service for which the cell or battery is intended.BIPV (Building-Integrated Photovoltaics)— A term for the design and integration of photovoltaic (PV) technology into the building envelope, typically replacing conventional building materials. This integration may be in vertical facades, replacing view glass, spandrel glass, or other facade material; into semitransparent skylight systems; into roofing systems, replacing traditional roofing materials; into shading "eyebrows" over windows; or other building envelope systems.Blocking Diode— A semiconductor connected in series with a solar cell or cells and a storage battery to keep the battery from discharging through the cell when there is no output, or low output, from the solar cell. It can be thought of as a one-way valve that allows electrons to flow forwards, but not backwards.Boron (B)— The chemical element commonly used as the dopant in photovoltaic device or cell material.Boule— A sausage-shaped, synthetic single-crystal mass grown in a special furnace, pulled and turned at a rate necessary to maintain the single-crystal structure during growth.Btu (British Thermal Unit)— The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit; equal to 252 calories.Bypass Diode— A diode connected across one or more solar cells in a photovoltaic module such that the diode will conduct if the cell(s) become reverse biased. It protects these solar cells from thermal destruction in case of total or partial shading of individual solar cells while other cells are exposed to full light.Back to TopCCadmium (Cd)— A chemical element used in making certain types of solar cells and batteries.Cadmium Telluride (CdTe)— A polycrystalline thin-film photovoltaic material.Capacity (C)— See battery capacity.Capacity Factor— The ratio of the average load on (or power output of) an electricity generating unit or system to the capacity rating of the unit or system over a specified period of time.Captive Electrolyte Battery— A battery having an immobilized electrolyte (gelled or absorbed in a material).Cathode— The negative pole or electrode of an electrolytic cell, vacuum tube, etc., where electrons enter (current leaves) the system; the opposite of an anode.Cathodic Protection— A method of preventing oxidation of the exposed metal in structures by imposing a small electrical voltage between the structure and the ground.Cd— see cadmium.CdTe— see cadmium telluride.Cell (battery)— A single unit of an electrochemical device capable of producing direct voltage by converting chemical energy into electrical energy. A battery usually consists of several cells electrically connected together to produce higher voltages. (Sometimes the terms cell and battery are used interchangeably). Also see photovoltaic (PV) cell.Cell Barrier— A very thin region of static electric charge along the interface of the positive and negative layers in a photovoltaic cell. The barrier inhibits the movement of electrons from one layer to the other, so that higher-energy electrons from one side diffuse preferentially through it in one direction, creating a current and thus a voltage across the cell. Also called depletion zone or space charge.Cell Junction— The area of immediate contact between two layers (positive and negative) of a photovoltaic cell. The junction lies at the center of the cell barrier or depletion zone.Charge— The process of adding electrical energy to a battery.Charge Carrier— A free and mobile conduction electron or hole in a semiconductor.Charge Controller— A component of a photovoltaic system that controls the flow of current to and from the battery to protect it from over-charge and over-discharge. The charge controller may also indicate the system operational status.Charge Factor— A number representing the time in hours during which a battery can be charged at a constant current without damage to the battery. Usually expressed in relation to the total battery capacity, i.e., C/5 indicates a charge factor of 5 hours. Related to charge rate.Charge Rate— The current applied to a cell or battery to restore its available capacity. This rate is commonly normalized by a charge control device with respect to the rated capacity of the cell or battery.Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)— A method of depositing thin semiconductor films used to make certain types of photovoltaic devices. With this method, a substrate is exposed to one or more vaporized compounds, one or more of which contain desirable constituents. A chemical reaction is initiated, at or near the substrate surface, to produce the desired material that will condense on the substrate.Cleavage of Lateral Epitaxial Films for Transfer (CLEFT)— A process for making inexpensive Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) photovoltaic cells in which a thin film of GaAs is grown atop a thick, single-crystal GaAs (or other suitable material) substrate and then is cleaved from the substrate and incorporated into a cell, allowing the substrate to be reused to grow more thin-film GaAs.Cloud Enhancement— The increase in solar intensity caused by reflected irradiance from nearby clouds.Combined Collector— A photovoltaic device or module that provides useful heat energy in addition to electricity.Concentrator— A photovoltaic module, which includes optical components such as lenses (Fresnel lens) to direct and concentrate sunlight onto a solar cell of smaller area. Most concentrator arrays must directly face or track the sun. They can increase the power flux of sunlight hundreds of times.Conduction Band (or conduction level)— An energy band in a semiconductor in which electrons can move freely in a solid, producing a net transport of charge.Conductor— The material through which electricity is transmitted, such as an electrical wire, or transmission or distribution line.Contact Resistance— The resistance between metallic contacts and the semiconductor.Conversion Efficiency— See photovoltaic (conversion) efficiency.Converter— A unit that converts a direct current (dc) voltage to another dc voltage.Copper Indium Diselenide (CuInSe2, or CIS)— A polycrystalline thin-film photovoltaic material (sometimes incorporating gallium (CIGS) and/or sulfur).Crystalline Silicon— A type of photovoltaic cell made from a slice of single-crystal silicon or polycrystalline silicon.Current— See electric current.Current at Maximum Power (Imp)— The current at which maximum power is available from a module.Cutoff Voltage— The voltage levels (activation) at which the charge controller disconnects the photovoltaic array from the battery or the load from the battery.Cycle— The discharge and subsequent charge of a battery.Czochralski Process— A method of growing large size, high quality semiconductor crystal by slowly lifting a seed crystal from a molten bath of the material under careful cooling conditions.Back to TopDDangling Bonds— A chemical bond associated with an atom on the surface layer of a crystal. The bond does not join with another atom of the crystal, but extends in the direction of exterior of the surface.Days of Storage— The number of consecutive days the stand-alone system will meet a defined load without solar energy input. This term is related to system availability.DC— See direct current.DC-to-DC Converter— Electronic circuit to convert direct current voltage s (e.g., photovoltaic module voltage) into other levels (e.g., load voltage). Can be part of a maximum power point tracker.Deep-Cycle Battery— A battery with large plates that can withstand many discharges to a low state-of-charge.Deep Discharge— Discharging a battery to 20% or less of its full charge capacity.Depth of Discharge (DOD)— The ampere-hours removed from a fully charged cell or battery, expressed as a percentage of rated capacity. For example, the removal of 25 ampere-hours from a fully charged 100 ampere-hours rated cell results in a 25% depth of discharge. Under certain conditions, such as discharge rates lower than that used to rate the cell, depth of discharge can exceed 100%.Dendrite— A slender threadlike spike of pure crystalline material, such as silicon.Dendritic Web Technique— A method for making sheets of polycrystalline silicon in which silicon dendrites are slowly withdrawn from a melt of silicon whereupon a web of silicon forms between the dendrites and solidifies as it rises from the melt and cools.Depletion Zone— Same as cell barrier. The term derives from the fact that this microscopically thin region is depleted of charge carriers (free electrons and hole).Design Month— The month having the combination of insolation and load that requires the maximum energy from the photovoltaic array.Diffuse Insolation— Sunlight received indirectly as a result of scattering due to clouds, fog, haze, dust, or other obstructions in the atmosphere. Opposite of direct insolation.Diffuse Radiation— Radiation received from the sun after reflection and scattering by the atmosphere and ground.Diffusion Furnace— Furnace used to make junctions in semiconductor s by diffusing dopant atoms into the surface of the material.Diffusion Length— The mean distance a free electron or hole moves before recombining with another hole or electron.Diode— An electronic device that allows current to flow in one direction only. See blocking diode and bypass diode.Direct Beam Radiation— Radiation received by direct solar rays. Measured by a pyrheliometer with a solar aperture of 5.7° to transcribe the solar disc.Direct Current (DC)— A type of electricity transmission and distribution by which electricity flows in one direction through the conductor, usually relatively low voltage and high current. To be used for typical 120 volt or 220 volt household appliances, DC must be converted to alternating current, its opposite.Direct Insolation— Sunlight falling directly upon a collector. Opposite of diffuse insolation.Discharge— The withdrawal of electrical energy from a battery.Discharge Factor— A number equivalent to the time in hours during which a battery is discharged at constant current usually expressed as a percentage of the total battery capacity, i.e., C/5 indicates a discharge factor of 5 hours. Related to discharge rate.Discharge Rate— The rate, usually expressed in amperes or time, at which electrical current is taken from the battery.Disconnect— Switch gear used to connect or disconnect components in a photovoltaic system.Distributed Energy Resources (DER)— A variety of small, modularpower-generating technologies that can be combined with energy management and storage systems and used to improve the operation of the electricity delivery system, whether or not those technologies are connected to an electricity grid.Distributed Generation— A popular term for localized or on-site power generation.Distributed Power— Generic term for any power supply located near the point where the power is used. Opposite of central power. See stand-alone systems.Distributed Systems— Systems that are installed at or near the location where the electricity is used, as opposed to central systems that supply electricity to grids. A residential photovoltaic system is a distributed system.Donor— In a photovoltaic device, an n-type dopant, such as phosphorus, that puts an additional electron into an energy level very near the conduction band; this electron is easily exited into the conduction band where it increases the electrical conductivity over than of an undoped semiconductor.Donor Level— The level that donates conduction electrons to the system.Dopant— A chemical element (impurity) added in small amounts to an otherwise pure semiconductor material to modify the electrical properties of the material. An n-dopant introduces more electrons. A p-dopant creates electron vacancies (holes).Doping— The addition of dopants to a semiconductor.Downtime— Time when the photovoltaic system cannot provide power for the load. Usually expressed in hours per year or that percentage.Dry Cell— A cell (battery) with a captive electrolyte. A primary battery that cannot be recharged.Duty Cycle— The ratio of active time to total time. Used to describe the operating regime of appliances or loads in photovoltaic systems.Duty Rating— The amount of time an inverter (power conditioning unit) can produce at full rated power.Back to TopEEdge-Defined Film-Fed Growth (EFG)— A method for making sheets of polycrystalline silicon for photovoltaic devices in which molten silicon is drawn upward by capillary action through a mold.Electric Circuit— The path followed by electrons from a power source (generator or battery), through an electrical system, and returning to the source.Electric Current— The flow of electrical energy (electricity) in a conductor, measured in amperes.Electrical grid— An integrated system of electricity distribution, usually covering a large area.Electricity— Energy resulting from the flow of charge particles, such as electrons or ions.Electrochemical Cell— A device containing two conducting electrodes, one positive and the other negative, made of dissimilar materials (usually metals) that are immersed in a chemical solution (electrolyte) that transmits positive ions from the negative to the positive electrode and thus forms an electrical charge. One or more cells constitute a battery.Electrode— A conductor that is brought in conducting contact with a ground.Electrodeposition— Electrolytic process in which a metal is deposited at the cathode from a solution of its ions.Electrolyte— A nonmetallic (liquid or solid) conductor that carries current by the movement of ions (instead of electrons) with the liberation of matter at the electrodes of an electrochemical cell.Electron— An elementary particle of an atom with a negative electrical charge and a mass of 1/1837 of a proton; electrons surround the positively charged nucleus of an atom and determine the chemical properties of an atom. The movement of electrons in an electrical conductor constitutes an electric current.Electron Volt (eV)— The amount of kinetic energy gained by an electron when accelerated through an electric potential difference of 1 Volt; equivalent to 1.603 x10^-19; a unit of energy or work.Energy— The capability of doing work; different forms of energy can be converted to other forms, but the total amount of energy remains the same.Energy Audit— A survey that shows how much energy used in a home, which helps find ways to use less energy.Energy Contribution Potential—Recombination occurring in the emitter region of a photovoltaic cell.Energy Density— The ratio of available energy per pound; usually used to compare storage batteries.Energy Levels— The energy represented by an electron in the band model of a substance.。

太阳能电池专业英语

A1.中文：暗饱和电流英文：Dark Saturation Current解释：没有光照的条件下，将PN结反偏达到饱和时的电流。

它影响了组件的输出功率及工作温度2.中文：背电场英文：Back Surface Field解释：在电池背面由于重掺杂引起的电场。

成本较低但效率普遍较低8.中文：复合英文：Recommbination解释：又称为载流子复合，是指半导体中的载流子（电子和空穴）成对消失的过程。

9.中文：表面复合速率英文：Surface Recombination Velocity解释：当少子在表面消失时，由于浓度梯度，少子会从电池体流向表面。

表面复合速度表征表面复合的强弱。