修饰可数名词和不可数名词的词

修饰可数名词和不可数名词的词

首先要搞清楚，是修饰可数名词或不可数名词，而不是单数或复数名词。可数名词都有复数形式，而不可数名词没有复数形式。

a large deal of, plenty of和a good supply of 在多数情况下修饰不可数名词，如：plenty of water, a great deal of time，不过它们也可以修饰可数名词，如plenty of men。

a quantity of在多数情况下修饰可数名词，如a quantity of boxes, 不过也可修饰不可数名词，如a quantity of milk。quantities of与上述的一样

一、只能修饰可数名词的词语有: many, many a(n), a good / great many, a (great / large) number of, scores of, dozens of 等。例如:

Scores of people went there in the first few days after its opening. 开张后的头几天,很多人去了那儿。

I have been there dozens of times. 我已去过那儿很多次了。

There’re a number of students rea ding English in the classroom. 教室里有许多学生在读英语。

Many a student has(=many students have)visited the Great Wall.(谓语动词用单数) 很多学生都游览过长城。

In winter, a good many animals sleep under the snow. 冬天很多动物在雪下冬眠。

注意: 注：a good [great] many 后直接跟名词，不用介词of。但是，若其后所接名词有the, these, my 等限定词修饰，则要用介词of表示“…中的很多”：例如: a great many of my friends 我的朋友当中的许多人。

A great many(of the) graduates have found jobs. 毕业生中很多人已经找到了工作。

二、只能修饰不可数名词的词语有: this, that, little, a little, a bit of, much, a great deal of, a great / large amount of等。有些名词形式上是复数，但却被用作不可数名词，使用much, little等修饰语

例如: Is there much water in the bucket? 桶里有很多水吗?

He always has a great amount of work to do. 他总是有很多工作要做。

He hasn’t got much brains. 他没什么头脑。

He took much pains to do the work. 他费了不少心做这工作。

I said I wouldn’t want much wages. 我说过我不要很多工资。

It's high time you were taught a little manners. 该是你学一点礼貌的时候了。

三、既能修饰可数名词又能修饰不可数名词的词语有: a lot of, lots of, plenty of (以上三个词语后谓语动词的数依of 后的名词的单复数而定),a great / large quantity of (其后谓语用单数),quantities of (其后谓语用复数)all, some, enough。例如:

There is still lots of snow in the garden. 花园里还有许多雪。

There is plenty of rain here. 这儿的雨水很多。

A great quantity of flowers was placed in the hall. 大厅里放了很多鲜花。

There are large quantities of food in the cupboard. 橱柜里有许多食物。

在所有这些表示“很多”的词语中many, much 是最常用的词,它们既可以用于肯定句,也可以用于疑问句和否定句。例如: Are there many people in the street? 街上有很多人吗?

There isn’t much time left. 剩下的时间不多了。

其它的词语都用于肯定句,日常会话中常用lots of, a lot of 或plenty of; 正式文体中常用a great many, a (large) number of, a great deal of, scores of 或dozens of 等。但若肯定句中有too, so, as, very或how 等词修饰时,则必须使用many, much。例如:

The number of the people who lost their homes reached as many as 250,000. 无家可归的人数多达250,000人。

There is too much work to do. 要做的工作太多了。