GRE Argument模板

ETS范文提炼模板（参考P16）

The notion/statement/conception/concept that……seems/appe ars at first glance/to be an obvious/

First of all/to begin with/as mentioned in the argument,……(逻辑缺陷).The statistics about/on……would be more accurate/ convincing/persuasive/convictiv e/eloquent if…….

The argument above is weakened/crippled/impaired by the fa ct that it fails to/does not take into account…….Also/In addit ion/Additionally/Besides/Furthermore, the statistics/data/figure s above are based entirely/solely on…….

The statistic s also does not differentiate between…and….The conclusion that…suggests/indicates/demonstrates/reveals that it is presumed that….This is usually not the case/this is not necessarily the case. Given that…,…(事实的原因).

Finally, there is apparently/obviously/inherently no sufficient/ adequate evidence to testify/sustain that…….For example …

To sum up, this argument fails to substantiate/authenticate/v erify his statement that……,for the evidence cited in the ana lysis/passage does not lead strong support to what the surv eyor claims/argues/states/maintains. To take the claim more c onvincing/persuasive, the speaker/author needs to provide/off

er more information with regard to/concerning…….

（尽量不用not可用fail to; for-as-since）

Argument十大逻辑错误分类

一﹑调查类错误

1﹑调查过程错误Procedure

⑴Selective sample:选择性样本/片面性样本（首先质疑不随机，随机也要大范围内随机，不能在小范围内随机;样本数量少,不够随机.）Unless the surveyor samples a sufficient number of…and doe s so randomly across the entire spectrum, the survey results are not reliab le to gauge…generally.

⑵Quantity of sample:只有绝对值、相对值，没有数量insufficient (普遍性、代表性)

The number of samples/respondents, itself, does not ensure/ guarantee representativeness. For example, if the sample incl udes/involves only……,then the results would no doubt sugg est…….

⑶被访者是否说了真话，这是个小错误，可攻击也可不攻击（结果是否匿名、被访者是否有利益关系，比如衣服、价格We are not infor med whether the survey responses are anonymous, even con fidential. If they were not,……）

2﹑调查结果类错误

⑴数据是否有意义,数据是否含糊。

The argument tells us that many/a number of…….However th e spe aker fails to indicate the percentage of…….So this evide nce is far too vague to be meaningful.

The author fails to provide information regarding the absolut

e number o

f …….

⑵调查者错误researcher:应是中立机构或第三方(we, cross-benche r, non-aligned)

⑶调查时间类错误,若不是close enough 就有问题;若有…ago…就有问题(according to a recent survey 不要攻击)

When samples are used to make general claims about a part icular group, the sample should be gathered close enough in time to the generalization.

A threshold paramount problem is that the argument neglect s to indicate how recently the survey was actually conducted / carried out.

补充词汇:

名词:

①survey, research, study, poll, investigation, statistics, data

②sample, specimen, sampling, questionnaire, accidental sampl ing, random sample, class sampling, randomness

③quantity, quality, absolute value, percentage, proportion

④validity, statistical, validity

⑤range, spectrum, scope

动词:

①select, choose, sample

②indicate, investigate, examine, scrutinize, evaluate, assess

③apply to, represent, stand for, embody

其它:

①valid, authentic