写作：2020届上海各区高三一模分类汇编
2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编—概要写作(含答案)(精校版)
2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编—概要写作（含答案）（精校版）One【虹口区】The Zeigarnik EffectHave you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school or work when you were trying to focus on other things? Or perhaps you wondered what would happen next in your favorite TV show or film series. If you have, you’ve experienced the Zeigarnik effect. You tend to remember unfinished tasks better than finished tasks. Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect can be put into use in everyday life.The effect is especially well suited for helping overcome procrastination or delaying an action to a later time. We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming. However, the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to just get started. The first step could be something small and seemingly insignificant. In fact, it’s probably best if it’s something fairly easy.The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam. The effect tells us that breaking up study periods can actually improve recall. So instead of cramming for an exam all in one sitting, breaks should be scheduled in which the student focuses on something else. This will cause intrusive(侵入的) thoughts, enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that must be remembered, leading to better recall when they take the exam.The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental health problems. If an individual leaves important tasks incomplete, the intrusive thoughts that result can lead to stress, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and emotional distress. Conversely, completing a task can give an individual a sense of accomplishment and lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well-being.The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used to positively impact your work productivity.【答案】The Zeiguvnik Effect is that you always remember unfinished matter, which can be well used. The effect helps you overcome procrastination and have a good start. The effect is effective for students to improve recall and remember things better. It also encourage people to finish work and improve psychological well-being. It can influence us positively in all aspect.【解析】要点中需要包括：1.The Zeigarnik Effect的定义2.三个好处容易出现的问题：主旨句不清晰；语言不够精炼。
上海市各区2020届高三上学期期末(一模)语文试卷精选汇编：写作专题
写作专题虹口区期末（一模）三写作70分25.根据以下材料，自选角度，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800字的文章。
信息化与智能技术的高速发展使得人们可以更方便地获取各种知识，从而丰富自己的精神世界。
与此同时，信息技术的普及也带来了碎片化知识的泛滥，使人们沉溺于被动接受的思维惯性，而这似乎正在侵蚀着人们真正的精神家园。
略崇明区一模三、写作70分25．无论接触一种新的方法，还是阅读一本新书，还是观赏一种新的艺术，人们往往会产生“这不就是……嘛”的反应，以已有的“旧知”来附会“新知”。
这种对待新事物的态度和认识方式，在生活中很普遍。
对此，你有怎样的思考？请写一篇不少于800字的文章。
要求：（1）自拟题目；（2）文体不限（诗歌除外）。
三、写作（70分）25.一类卷(63—70分)能准确把握题意，立意深刻，选材恰当，中心突出，内容充实，感情真挚，结构严谨，语言流畅，有文采。
二类卷(52—62分)符合题意，立意较深刻，选材较恰当，中心明确，内容较充实，感情真实，结构完整，语言通顺。
三类卷(39—51分)基本符合题意，立意一般，选材尚恰当，中心尚明确，内容尚充实，感情尚真实，结构基本完整，语言基本通顺，偶有语病。
四类卷(21—38分)偏离题意，立意或选材不当，中心不明确，内容单薄，结构不够完整，语言欠通顺，语病较多。
五类卷(20分以下)符合以下一项即为五类：脱离题意。
文理不通。
不足400字。
说明：(1)未写题目扣2分。
(2)错别字1个扣1分，至多扣3分。
(3)标点错误多，酌情扣1—2分。
(4)文面不整洁，酌情扣1—2分；整洁美观，酌情加1—2分杨浦区一模三写作（70分）25.作文。
一本好书，我们往往先把它买下来，然后抛诸脑后；一首好诗，我们总是先把它收藏起来，然后再难想到细细地咀嚼它、品味它。
我们似乎占有了很多东西，但是它们却从未真正丰富过我们的心灵。
你对这段话有怎样的认识？请写一篇文章，谈谈你的思考。
要求：（1）自选角度，自拟题目；（2）不少于800字。
2020年上海各区高考语文一模作文题汇编(全收录)
2020 年上海各区高考语文一模作文题汇编 (全收录 )
也有人认为即使你再有说服力也难以改变对方立场，不如选择沉默。 面对不同观点立场，我们应该展开辩论还是保持沉默？请写一篇文章，谈谈你的思考。 要求 :（ 1 ）自拟题目； （ 2 ）不少于 800 字。
浦东新区
26 ． 一只站在树上的鸟，从来不会害怕树枝断裂，因为它相信的不是树枝，而是自己的翅 膀。
2020 年上海各区高考语文一模作文题汇编 (全收录 )
2020 年上海各区高考语文一模作文题汇编
黄浦区 25．作文。
居里夫人在成吨的矿渣中提炼出 0.1 克镭； 有的科学家从一块极小的陨石中努力寻找外
太空的信息。 以上材料对我们认识这个世界很有启发意义，请自拟题目，写一篇不少于
章，谈谈你的思考和感悟。
一本好书，我们往往先把它买下来，然后抛诸脑后；一首好诗，我们总是先把它收藏 起来， 然后再难想到细细地咀嚼它、 品味它。 我们似乎占有了很多东西，但是它们却从未真 正丰富过我们的心灵。
你对这段话有怎样的认识？请写一篇文章，谈谈你的思考。 要求：（ 1 ）自选角度，自拟题目； （ 2 ）不少于 800 字。
长宁区、嘉定区、金山区 25 ．作文
人一旦喜爱某种东西达到狂热痴迷的程度， 其关注点就会集中在那东西上， 不知不觉中 把其他方面的信息都给忽略了， 从而失去了正常的判断力。 然而， 一些了不起的成就也源于 此。
对此，你有怎样的认识？请写一篇文章，谈谈你的看法。 要求：（ 1 ）自拟题目； （2 ）不少于 800 字
闵行区 26. 衡量一个人是否高贵， 虽然有人看重他物质财富的多寡， 但重要的还是看他精神境界的 高低。 对此， 你有怎样的思考。 请写一篇文章。 要求：（1 ）自拟题目；（2 ）不少于 800 字。
2020上海各区高三一模优秀作文汇编(中)(杨浦、普陀、黄浦、 长宁嘉定金山 )
2020上海各区高三一模优秀作文汇编（中）（杨浦、普陀、黄浦、长宁、嘉定、金山等有12篇）一. 杨浦作文题一本好书，我们往往先把它买下来，然后抛诸脑后；一首好诗，我们总是先把它收藏起来，然后再难想到细细地咀嚼它、品味它。
我们似乎占有了很多东西，但是它们却从未真正丰富过我们的心灵。
你对这段话有怎样的认识？请写一篇文章，谈谈你的思考。
要求:①自选角度，自拟题目:②不少于800字。
1.冲破占有的迷雾（67分）①占有在这个时代变得前所未有的便捷。
仁宗初年，苏轼为一本史书挑灯抄写；在更早的年代，对一首好诗的品味则须依托人们的口耳相传。
而在今天，只需付出少量的金钱，甚至只需轻点收藏，这些人类文明的瑰宝便翩然到手。
但我们清晰地感到：这种占有从未真正丰富过我们的心灵。
繁华和丰足的迷雾下掩藏着至深的荒凉。
（从古今占有的对比中看到当下占有的危机）②我认为这种悖论式的困境是由于信息与知识的过度繁冗。
袁枚的“书非借不能读也”解释了我们不愿承认的事实：信息与知识的有限带来珍视，过度的丰裕则造成迷乱和浪费。
于是好书和好诗在我们的书架或收藏夹中承受着“素蟫灰丝”的落寞苍凉。
与此同时，信息与知识的爆炸式增长也造成泥沙俱下的乱局。
生活充盈着娱乐性的话题，它仅抬高人们快乐的阈值。
好书和好诗这类要求细致咀嚼和品味的事物便被我们习惯性地“敬而远之”——满足于占有而不去思考、领略、整合与内化，这使我们难以经由这一过程形成完善的价值体系，造成没有自主性的自我，心灵的丰富和理性的实现便也无从企及。
（分析从未真正丰富过我们的心灵的占有现象产生的原因之一及其危害）③专业化对生活的全面入侵，以及工业文明福祸相依的本质造成了价值观偏移，也应当为这困境负起责任。
在专业化尚未全面开始的古希腊时代，亚里士多德可以与弟子们逍遥跋涉于贝克昂学园开满野雏菊的小径，他们对一切都充满冒险精神与诚挚的热爱。
如今,好书和好诗对于理科生往往成了浪费时间的事物, 他们不再将对文化和历史的咀嚼品味视作必须，正如文科生可能对科学的奥秘兴致缺乏。
2020年长宁、嘉定、金山高三一模作文范文
【长宁、嘉定、金山】人一旦喜爱某种东西达到狂热痴迷的程度，其关注点就会集中在那东西上，不知不觉中把其他方面的信息都给忽略了，从而失去了正常的判断力。
然而，一些了不起的成就也源于此。
人要有所热爱尼尔・波兹曼曾说：“我们终将毁于我们所热爱的东西。
”这话不假。
但天才，住住会在毁灭之后重生。
我们常常批判那些狂热痴迷的人，他们在喜爱的东西上过度狂热，这种狂热甚至超过了他们生活中其他重要的东西，忘记了自己是否与这份热爱匹配，忘记了热爱本身正确与否，我们嗤笑一声：疯子。
可悲吗？可悲。
但是拥有正常判断力的冷静的我们，是否也在走向另一种可悲？我们都曾热爱过，那些曾让我们为它痴为它狂的东西，量终被冷静拴上了铁链，被理智锁进了柜子。
我们失去了我们所热爱的，也正是从这一刻起，不再有事物触动我们的心弦，不再有热量融化我们的冰霜，不再宝剑穿透我们的盔甲，我们变成了冷静而平庸的大人。
其实，天才与疯子往往只有一线之隔。
而天才，总是在热爱痴迷中诞生的。
王羲之为练书法染黑了池塘；沃尔特惠特曼，一部《草叶集》，无人问津仍无所畏惧；爱因斯坦的生活自理能力糟糕；更有诗人为了几卷诗书“喜欲狂”……当喜爱达到了狂热痴迷的境界，他们其实是勇敢的。
他们敢于抛下生命中那些不太重要的世俗规矩，敢于用自己的脊背对抗世界的凉薄与嘲笑。
这份喜爱最可贵的地方在于，它就像妈妈对孩子的爱是不计回报，不考虑后果的。
而一个人只要有了这般决然的喜爱，他可能成为疯子，也可能成为天才，他拥有了缔造传奇的先决条件。
当然，热爱并不足以让一个人成为天才，成就非凡。
但没有热爱你很有可能归于平庸。
有人说，社会还是由大多数人推动的。
那么为了这取得卓越成就的微小可能而去不计后果的热爱，是否有些鲁葬？诚然，社会是掌握在多数人手中的。
但社会的光辉，是在少数的天才身上闪现的，一段历史的瑰丽奇幻，一个时期的最非凡卓越的闪光，是在伟人身上。
伟人的高度，才是这个时期的高度。
我们回忆唐朝，会想到李白的雄奇壮美，我们放眼文艺复兴的欧洲，会想到那些闪烁人性光辉的油画。
2020届上海市各区高考语文一模（期末）作文题专题汇编Word版
2020届上海市各区高考语文一模（期末）作文题专题汇编Word版2020年上海市各区高考一模（期末）作文题目解析语文试卷1.[2020·静安]阅读下面材料，选准角度，明确立意，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800字的文章。
（70分）1318年，王冕八岁，父亲叫他在田埂上放牛，他偷偷地跑进学堂，去听学生念书。
听完以后，总是默默地记住。
2018年，王晃二十岁，大二学生，他不想去听课，每月花一千元雇佣同学替他去听课，应付老师的点名。
【写作助手】如有困难，可参考下面表格内容（仅供参考，不作为立意的必备条件）。
【例文】勤奋学习，刻苦奋进学习贵在勤奋，虽然有时也会失败，但也不要放弃，让我们记住：失败是成功之母。
无论在事业上、生活上每个人都想获得成功，但往往不能如愿以偿究其原因大多是由于没有勤奋地工作、劳动造成的。
事业的成功来自勤奋。
高尔基曾说过“天才出于勤奋。
”此话当真不假，马克思的《资本论》、司马迁的《史记》、歌德的《浮士德》等传世佳作，都是作者勤奋刻苦的体现。
马克思辛勤40年，踏凹图书馆的地板；司马迁20出头便开始周游四方，足迹遍及黄河长江流域；歌德竟苦心搜集了58年的材料。
这些作家及他们的作品都已家喻户晓——这就是上帝对他们的辛勤工作的最好的回报勤奋，就能获得工作的成功，我们何乐而不为呢？生活的硕果来自勤奋。
残疾人的生活是艰苦的但他们勤奋锻炼，没有手的就试着用脚用嘴写字干活，弥补了生理上的缺陷，和平常人过着同样幸福的生活。
他谬得很充实很有意义，不是靠自己的勤奋创造的吗？“用着的钥匙永远光亮。
”这是富兰克林的一句名言，意思是要人们永不停息地工作；反之，就正如克雷洛夫说的那样：“有了天才不用，天才一定会衰退的而且会在慢性的腐朽中归于消灭。
”宋朝有个神童方仲永，他5岁便能写一手好诗，由于名气渐大请他作诗的人也就越多，其父见有利可图，于是每天带着他四处作诗收钱，不让他继续勤奋学习以致后来方仲永才学枯竭，渐渐沉没于众人之电一个文学的新星，就由于不勤奋而夭折又由此看来，无论怎样的天才，只要不勤奋学习，势必会变成无知的人。
2020上海各区高三一模优秀作文汇编(上)(虹口、松江、静安、浦东、闵行)
2020上海各区高三一模优秀作文汇编（上）（虹口、松江、静安、浦东、闵行）一. 虹口作文题根据以下材料，自选角度，自拟题目，写篇不少于800字的文章。
信息化与智能技术的高速发展使得人们可以更方便地获取各种知识，从而丰富自己的精神世界。
与此同时，信息技术的普及也带来了碎片化知识的泛滥，使人们沉溺于被动接受的思维惯性，而这似乎正在侵蚀着人们真正的精神家园。
1.信息时代的精神失序（66分）①信息化与智能技术的高速发展正一步步重塑我们的生活。
这种颠覆性的变革，由此也带来矛盾：信息化究竟是我们“开眼看世界”之桥梁，还是在知识碎片化冲击之下，束缚精神世界的枷锁呢？（由材料导入，提出问题）②第三次工业革命方兴未艾，在眼下信息爆炸的时代，每个人都是数据洪流中的一叶孤舟。
但同时，信息之浪潮又将世界以及前所未有的紧密姿态联系起来。
信息传播的范围之广，速度之快捷，途径之多元，将时代基调从“车马都慢”推进到不必跨出家门，便可眼观六路，耳听八方。
（阐述信息化与智能技术发展的作用）③但这种信息轰炸也为我们带来了隐忧。
划开手机屏幕，手机一滑，铺天盖地的信息涌入我们的大脑。
从何时开始，我们已经失去了选择的权利，只是默默地、被动的接受着一切泛滥的信息。
这些凌乱的字句，也许是朋友圈公众号里的文章分享，知乎上的高谈阔论，微博上的专家分析——看起来高明又引人深思的一切，看上去拓宽了我们的眼界见闻，看上去在全体与社会间搭建了桥梁——又何尝不是在潜移默化之中将我们的时间，知识都碎片化了呢？不完整的知识体系，一如堤上蚁穴，随时可能垮塌。
（阐述信息化与智能技术发展的危害）④曾有哲人提出，比起知情权，我们更需要不知情权。
在海量信息中，如何过滤掉其中的沙砾，只取其精华，是我们所面临的问题。
诚然，我们享受着信息时代的种种益处，但更值得深思的是如何不被信息时代所击溃。
如何保留信息有效化，如何保卫精神家园。
（联系当下，提出如何面对海量信息）⑤时代的发展从不停歇，科技进步日新月异，在社会的重压之下，人们依赖信息科技，也沉迷于此。
概要写作：2020届上海各区高三一模分类汇编
2020宝山一模IV.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.People choose to become entrepreneurs(创业者）for a wide variety of reasons. One important reason is, of course, financial reward. If you own your own business and it becomes successful, you can reap huge financial rewards. And as an entrepreneur, dependent on how much your boss decides to give you; ifs limited only by the success of your business. And speaking of bosses, not having a supervisor is another major advantage of becoming an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurs are often independent thinkers who want to be in charge of projects, rather than having others tell them what to do. They often have big dreams that that they want to pursue rather than making someone else’s dream come true. For many entrepreneurs, starting a business is a way of solving a problem or helping people receive something they need. It’s a way to change the world for the better.Being an entrepreneur isn’t easy, however, nor is it always fun. Entrepreneurs often have to work long hours, especially early on when they’re trying to get their businesses off the ground. that’s the reason entrepreneurs need to have a strong work ethic(伦理).Employees can work 40 hours a week and then stop, but for an entrepreneur, there’s no end in sight.That’s why another feature of successful entrepreneurs is passion; they have to be excited about what they’re doing to be willing to work hard for it. Entrepreneurs also need good communication skills to pass on that passion to others. That’s important for finding investors, getting people to buy products and attracting employees.Entrepreneurs also need to be creative people who are able to find solutions to problems they encounter. This is important from the very beginning, when the entrepreneur comes up with an initial concept of a business. But even after that initial step, creative thinking is continually necessary to adapt to changing situations and to solve problems that come up.71. This passage is about the advantages and challenges of starting a business. On one hand, a boss can get financial rewards and independence avoiding control from others. On the other hand, a boss must have passion for his own business, good communication skills and creative thinking, which can help him solve problems.2020崇明一模IV.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Giving ThanksThis is the season for taking the time to reflect on what we're thankful for in life. Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidays so special. But why should we limit it to just a few weeks in the years? Gratitude is a muscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier, happier humans and leaders.Emmons, through his research, found that grateful people reported feeling healthier, both mentally and physically. Specifically, those who were grateful were 25 percent happier than those who weren't. In the workplace, well-being is a crucial topic when it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement. Beyond the research that shows that employees who arc shown that they arc appreciated arc more productive by 50 percent, caring for your employees’ well-being is simply the right thing to do. Providing programs that support managing life's everyday challenges, offering fitness classes or implementing flexible work schedules are just a few things that, when paired with gratitude, can lead to more productive, engaged and happier working professionals.Working in an ever-evolving, fast-paced industry, I am surrounded by ambitious people who are always striving for more and better. Gratitude challenges yon to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future. It starts by paying attention to what's going on in your life, and that true self-awareness is a key ingredient to being successful in your career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships, both at work and in your personal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.The old saying goes “It’s never too late to say you’re sorry,” but the same is true of gratitude. That’s a gift worth celebrating 365 days a year.71. We should show gratitude year-round as it is beneficial to both our personal and professional life. First, it helps our physical and mental health and makes us happier, thus promoting production at work. Second, it makes us more self-aware, which can contribute to career success. Lastly，it makes us more likely to forgive others and helps build strong relationships. (59 words)2020奉贤一模IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Lower Oxygen Levels Threaten Marine LifeOxygen in the oceans is being lost at an alarming rate, with “dead zones” expanding rapidly and hundreds more areas showing oxygen dangerously exhausted, putting sharks, tuna, marlin and other large fish species at particular risk. Dead zones, where oxygen is effectively absent, have quadrupled(翻两番) in extent in the last half-century, and there are also at least 700 areas where oxygen is at dangerously low levels, up from 45 when research was undertaken in the 1960s.The reasons behind this environmental collapse are multiple. Among all, pollutants generated by the industrial world have been the most destructive force to cause the unbalance, including a rising tide of plastic waste, as well as other pollutants. Seas are about 26% more acidic than in pre-industrial times because of absorbing the excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, with damaging impacts on shellfish in particular.Low oxygen levels are also associated with global heating, because the warmer water holds less oxygen and the heating causes stratification(分层), so there is less of the vital mixing of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor layers. Oceans are expected to lose about 3-4% of their oxygen by the end of this century, but the impact will be much greater in the levels closest to the surface, where many species are concentrated, and in the mid to high latitudes.Another major cause for lower oxygen is intensive farming. When excess artificial fertilizer from crops, or wastes from the meat industry, runs off the land and into rivers and seas, it feeds algae(藻类) which bloom and then cause oxygen consumption as they die and decay.The problem of dead zones has been known about for decades, but little has been done to tackle it. Now is high time to take actions and help the oceans function better.Possible 1 Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly, which endangers marine life. Industrial pollutants, especially plastic waste and increased carbon dioxide, are the deadliest causes. Global warming is another cause. Finally intensive farming is also to blame for oxygen loss, because its wastes feeds algae, which consumes lots of oxygen. Measures should be taken to tackle this neglected threat.Possible 2 Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly, which endangers marine life. Industrial pollutants, especially plastic waste and increased carbon dioxide, are the deadliest causes. Besides, global warming is responsible as it leads to lower oxygen storage and stratification. Finally, intensive farming also results in the oxygen loss. Measures should be taken to tackle this neglected threat.2020虹口一模Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Zeigarnik EffectHave you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school or work when you were trying to focus on other things? Or perhaps you wondered what would happen next in your favorite TV show or film series. If you have, you’ve experienced the Zeigarnik effect. You tend to remember unfinished tasks better than finished tasks. Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect can be put into use in everyday life.The effect is especially well suited for helping overcome procrastination or delaying an action to a later time. We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming. However, the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to just get started. The first step could be something small and seemingly insignificant. In fact, it’s probably best if it’s something fairly easy.The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam. The effect tells us that breaking up study periods can actually improve recall. So instead of cramming for an exam all in one sitting, breaks should be scheduled in which the student focuses on something else. This will cause intrusive（侵入的）thoughts, enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that must be remembered, leading to better recall when they take the exam.The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental health problems. If an individual leaves important tasks incomplete, the intrusive thoughts that result can lead to stress, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and emotional distress. Conversely, completing a task can give an individual a sense of accomplishment and lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well - being.The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used to positively impact your work productivity.71. The Zeigarnik effect, the tendency to remember incomplete tasks better than complete ones, is useful in daily life. Firstly, it can keep people from putting off things when they start with a small step. Besides, it encourages breaks in students’ study, thus improving recall in exams. Thirdly, it promotes mental health by providing the motivation needed to finish tasks.2020黄浦一模Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Online “friends” -- a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much - debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks. Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before. It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists, sociologists, and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying. We find ourselves in a hyper - connected world where people access social media day and night, excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character. Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective, and display anti - social behavior in their offline lives. But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing -- empathy. This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends’ points of view. Without it, we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone. This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours. Many admitted an addiction to their online social network; most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends. And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are. It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming, so it is clear that we can’t neglect those negative impacts of social networks.71. There is a more and more concern about social networks' negative impact on our society. As young people are crazy about sharing life moments online, they may develop bad characters and lose empathy. Besides. people can't bear being alone, the lack of which makes them unable to self-reflect. Therefore, more attention should be paid to them. (56 words)2020嘉定一模Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Most of us -- even those at the top -- struggle with public - speaking anxiety. When I ask my clients what makes them nervous, invariably they respond with the same answers: “I don’t like being watched”, “I don’t like the eyes on me” or “I don’t like being in the spotlight.”To understand why, we need to go way back to prehistoric times, when humans regarded eyes watching us as an existential threat. Those eyes were likely predators（肉食动物）and people were terrified of being eaten alive. The bad news is that our brains have transferred the ancient fear of being watched into public speaking. In other words, public - speaking anxiety is in our DNA.Fortunately, there is a solution: human generosity. The key to disarming our panic button is to turn the focus away from ourselves and toward helping the audience. Studies have shown that an increase in generosity indeed leads to a decrease in amygdala（扁桃腺）activity, which is responsible for our panic feeling in the brain. When we are kind to others, we overcome the sense of being under attack and start to feel less nervous.Admittedly, this is hard to do. But it’s absolutely possible to become a generous speaker. To begin with, when you start preparing for a presentation, the mistake you often make is starting with the topic. Instead, you should start with the audience. Identify the audience’s needs, and craft a message that speaks directly to those needs. Also, you are the most nervous right before you speak. This is the moment when your brain is telling you, “Everyone is judging me.” But it is exactly the moment when you should refocus your brain. Over time, your brain will begin to get it, and you will become less nervous.71. Many people have public-speaking anxiety because there are many eyes on the speakers. The reason is that humans turned the fear of being watched by predators in prehistoric times into public speaking. To solve the problem, people should focus on helping the audience, speaking directly to the audience’s needs and refocusing their brain before speaking. (55)2020静安一模IV．Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Do We Need Art in Our LivesNo one will be surprised to hear that the arts are under fire in this day and age. We view the arts as something of a hobby, something that’s fun but certainly can’t pay the rent. If it’s not a useful skill, no wonder arts funding is being cut in schools. Do we really need art in our lives?In schools, time and money is at a premium (稀有而珍贵), now more than ever. With teachers having to fit so many lessons into every day, it’s easy to see why art is dropping more and more by the wayside. Budgets are dropping at an alarming rate, and what school is going to drop teaching in essential subjects such as math or science when they can drop art instead?It seems as though the loss of art in daily life is a sad fact of life, but it doesn’t have to be. There are actually a lot of practical uses for art for many people. For example, art therapy has helped people with a range of illnesses, both mental and physical, cope with their symptoms. Art is found almost anywhere you look in your home. Practical items, such as bedspreads, furniture or clothing, are all art forms in themselves and arouse emotions in the people interacting with them.Art also gives us insight into the world. History tells us what happened and when it happened, but it can’t tell us how the population at large felt about it, which is where art steps in. We know a lot about how people in the past lived and worked, because their art has given us such a deep insight into their daily lives. We wouldn’t have that insight without it.Most of all, we need art in our lives as it gives us a form of self-expression. Being able to talk about our feelings is essential to staying healthy. You may not think you talk about your feelings, but you may express them in other ways. Some like to cook or bake, some like to work on machinery, and others may like to paint or draw. Whatever you like to do in your spare time, you’re probably creating art every day.So, do we need art in our lives? Many people would say no, but the art they’re thinking of is the art you see in galleries. Art is actually much more accessible and is truly needed in everyday life. It helps those in need, gives people in the future an idea of what life was like, and is a vital form of self-expression.71.Considered as a hobby or fun, art is ignored in schools. Limited time and money is spent on essential subjects. However, art is very useful and everywhere. As therapy, art benefits health. Besides, it enables us to understand the world better. Above all, we often express our feelings in the form of art. Therefore, art is needed.2020闵行一模Ⅳ.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids, says, “We’ve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.” By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they’re building their children’s confidence, when, in fact, in may be just the opposite. Too much praise can backfire and, when given in a way that’s insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parent’s praise has put them.Still, don’t go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. Kids will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.So what is the right amount of praise? Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal,” says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters. “One thing to remember is that it’s the process not the end product that matters.”Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he’s out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is, praise should be proportionate（相称的）to the amount of effort your child has put into it.71.Currently, contrary to what people did in the past, many parents think highly of their kids too often. It is not proper to praise children too much, but they can't do the opposite. What matters is not the quantity but the quality of praise. Parents should praise their children in promotion to how much effort they make.2020浦东一模IV.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.How Supermarkets Are Changing BritainThe British love their supermarkets. And there are more and more of them every year. But is this a good thing?Not necessarily. For a start, many small shops can’t compete on price with superstores such as Tesco. And they don’t have as many products either. As a result, 36% of the UK’s small shops shut down between 1990 and 1996 while the number of supermarkets increased from 457 to 1,102. Supermarkets have even had a negative effect on the British pub. Beer and wine is much cheaper in a supermarket than in a pub. There are now over 55,000 supermarkets in the UK, but less than 55,000 pubs. A decade ago there were more than 61,000. These days, pubs are closing at the rate of 39 a week!Supermarkets are also bad for animal welfare. The UK has high standards in this field, but some supermarkets get their meat from abroad. And in many cases, this meat is produced under conditions that would be illegal in the UK. But once they’ve got the meat, supermarkets put a British flag on the product as the meat is packed there. Dishonest? Not exactly, but it isn’t entirely true either!Supermarkets have a poor environmental record too. Many of them don’t store food products themselves as storage space is expensive, so they get food producers to do it for them. This means that supermarket lorries have to make more trips to collect supplies. In turn, this increases the amount of petrol used, which leads to more pollution. Supermarkets also use a lot of plastic packaging, whi ch isn’t good for the environment either.So, what can be done to help the “little guys”? Not much really. Supermarkets have a lot of power. Many political parties receive donations from supermarkets. And supermarkets often use their money to influence decisions. For example, just before the year 2000, one supermarket gave the government £12 million to help build the Millennium Dome in London. Later, plans to tax supermarket car parks were dropped.71.All the development of supermarket in Britain is not helpful. Firstly, they have many products and have the advantage over price leading to some British pubs and many small shops shutdown. Secondly, for their meat produced, they hurt animal welfare. Thirdly, as the price of storage space is high, many food products are stored by others resulting in damaging environment.2020普陀一模IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.New Research on Kids’ Poor Math AchievementIf the thought of a math test makes you break out in a cold sweat, Mom or Dad may be partly to blame, according to the new research published in Psychological Science.A team of researchers found that children of math-anxious parents learned less math over the school year and were more likely to be math-anxious themselves—but only when these parents provided frequent help on the child’s math homework.Previous research from this group has established that when teachers are anxious about math, their students learn less math during the school year. The current study is novel in that it establishes a link between parents’ and children’s math anxiety. These findings suggest that adults’ attitudes toward math can play an important role in children’s math achievement.“We often don’t think about how important parents’ own attitudes are in determining their children’s academic achievement. But our work suggests that if a parent is walking around saying ‘Oh, I don’t like math’ or ‘this stuff makes me nervous,’ kids pick up on this messaging and it affects their success,” explained Beilock, professor in psychology.“Math-anxious parents may be less effective in explaining math concepts to children, and may not respond well when children make a mistake or solve a problem in a novel way,” added Levine, Beilock’s colleague.438 first- and second-grade students and their primary caregivers participated in the study. Children were assessed in math achievement and math anxiety at both the beginning and end of the school year. As a control, the team also assessed reading achievement, which they found was not related to parents’ math anxiety. Parents completed a questionnaire about their own nervousness and anxiety around math and how often they helped their children with math homework.The researchers believe the link between parents’ math anxiety and children’s math performance stems more from math attitudes than genetics.71. Different from previous research on the relationship between teachers’ anxiety and their students, a new research reveals parents’ math anxiety undermines their children’s math performance. When the anxious parents help their children with math, their negative attitudes toward math will be passed on to their children, which indicates that not genetics but attitudes account for the kids’ math performance. (59)2020青浦一模IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Social Media and Teens’ AnxietyFrom cyber-bullying to cruel comments, social media can be a land mine for kids. Issues parents never worried about are now a risk for many teens. With kids’ digital well-being a concern, researchers are exploring potential links between social media and the rise in teen suicide rates, tech addiction, and loss of real-life social skills. Many parents are wondering: Is social media causing my kid to have anxiety?It’s a question that worried parents. Some research has observed a relationship between social media use and anxiety in kids, but it’s difficult to know if and when social media causes anxiety or whether kids who are anxious turn to social media as a way to seek support. How kids use social media matters, too. Social comparison and feedback-seeking behaviors have been associated with depressive symptoms, which often co-occur with anxiety.How can parents keep social media a positive for kids?1. Seeing photos of a trip to the beach your friends didn’t invite you to can really be upsetting. If your kid is tired of digital drama, suggest they take a break from social media for a while. In fact, if they post a status update that they’re taking a break, their friends might be very accepting because they’ve had similar feelings.2. People post stuff that makes their lives look perfect — not the homework struggles, or the fight they had with their dad. Remind kids that social media leaves the messy stuff out — and that everyone has ups and downs.3. In a world where kids could spend their days lying around looking at Wechat, it’s doubly important for them to feel as though they’re cultivating their inner lives. Prompt them to balance social media with soul-nourishing activities such as hobbies, exercise, reading, and helping others. Otherwise, what are they going to show off about on social media?71. Whether social media causes anxiety has become the focus of parents concerned with their kids’ digital health. Tips are offered on positive effects of social media on children. They can keep off social medial temporarily if bored with it. They should be aware that life is imperfect and face barriers bravely. Besides, taking some meaningful offline activities are strongly recommended. (60字)2020松江一模IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point （s）of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It goes without saying that the language spoken by the majority of British people has the same name as the language spoken by most citizens of the U.S.A. Nonetheless, quite apart from well-documented lexical (词汇的) differences - pavement/sidewalk, lift/elevator, etc. 一there are still some words and phrases which can cause confusion and misunderstanding between speakers of the two different forms. That's why sonic people say that Great Britain and the United States are nations separated by a common language. There are practical reasons for this.When the first English settlers arrived in what we now call America, the language they spoke was naturally the same as that spoken by their compatriots (同胞) on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean. However, they immediately saw things which didn't exist in Europe, often items used and made by Native Americans, such as canoes and moccasins and creatures such as buffalo. They also picked up words which they heard being used by other European immigrants. The word "boss”, for example, was used by settlers from Holland in New York ill the mid-17th century. It comes from the Dutch word "baas'" which means master. The word "cookie" also comes from the Dutch "koekje”.There are many words, phrases and even grammatical structures which are mistaken for Americanisms (美式英语用语) in Britain when they are nothing of the sort. Very often, they represent not an American import, but an original form of British English which has disappeared in Britain. The verbs "guess” meaning think and “loan” meaning lend and the adjective "mad" meaning angry are frequently criticized as Americanisms, yet they all appeared in British English hundreds of years ago. In the case of “loan”, it was used as long ago as 1,200 years! In fact, English spoken in the UK has changed so thoroughly in the last 500 years that American English now represents the last place where some original British English forms can be found.。
2020上海各区高三一模优秀作文汇编(上)(虹口、松江、静安、浦东、闵行)
2020上海各区高三一模优秀作文汇编（上）（虹口、松江、静安、浦东、闵行）一. 虹口作文题根据以下材料，自选角度，自拟题目，写篇不少于800字的文章。
信息化与智能技术的高速发展使得人们可以更方便地获取各种知识，从而丰富自己的精神世界。
与此同时，信息技术的普及也带来了碎片化知识的泛滥，使人们沉溺于被动接受的思维惯性，而这似乎正在侵蚀着人们真正的精神家园。
1.信息时代的精神失序（66分）①信息化与智能技术的高速发展正一步步重塑我们的生活。
这种颠覆性的变革，由此也带来矛盾：信息化究竟是我们“开眼看世界”之桥梁，还是在知识碎片化冲击之下，束缚精神世界的枷锁呢？（由材料导入，提出问题）②第三次工业革命方兴未艾，在眼下信息爆炸的时代，每个人都是数据洪流中的一叶孤舟。
但同时，信息之浪潮又将世界以及前所未有的紧密姿态联系起来。
信息传播的范围之广，速度之快捷，途径之多元，将时代基调从“车马都慢”推进到不必跨出家门，便可眼观六路，耳听八方。
（阐述信息化与智能技术发展的作用）③但这种信息轰炸也为我们带来了隐忧。
划开手机屏幕，手机一滑，铺天盖地的信息涌入我们的大脑。
从何时开始，我们已经失去了选择的权利，只是默默地、被动的接受着一切泛滥的信息。
这些凌乱的字句，也许是朋友圈公众号里的文章分享，知乎上的高谈阔论，微博上的专家分析——看起来高明又引人深思的一切，看上去拓宽了我们的眼界见闻，看上去在全体与社会间搭建了桥梁——又何尝不是在潜移默化之中将我们的时间，知识都碎片化了呢？不完整的知识体系，一如堤上蚁穴，随时可能垮塌。
（阐述信息化与智能技术发展的危害）④曾有哲人提出，比起知情权，我们更需要不知情权。
在海量信息中，如何过滤掉其中的沙砾，只取其精华，是我们所面临的问题。
诚然，我们享受着信息时代的种种益处，但更值得深思的是如何不被信息时代所击溃。
如何保留信息有效化，如何保卫精神家园。
（联系当下，提出如何面对海量信息）⑤时代的发展从不停歇，科技进步日新月异，在社会的重压之下，人们依赖信息科技，也沉迷于此。
2020上海各区高三一模优秀作文汇编(下)( 徐汇、宝山、青浦、奉贤、崇明)
2020上海各区高三一模优秀作文汇编（下）（徐汇、宝山、青浦、奉贤、崇明共11篇）一.宝山作文题人们对待生活总有不同的观点和立场，有人相信理越辩越明，可以通过辩论统一认识；也有人认为即使你再有说服力也难以改变对方立场，不如选择沉默。
面对不同观点立场，我们应该展开辩论还是保持沉默？请写一篇文章，谈谈你的思考。
1.成为微光(68)①人们对待生活中有不同的观点和立场，有的人相信理越辩越明，可以通过辩论统一认识；也有人认为即使你再有说服力也难以改变对方立场，不如选择沉默。
（引材料）②这两种人有两种态度，一种是积极地面对问题，而另一种，则是消极的。
（简析材料）③在我看来,虽然个体的力量十分地微弱,但我们不能选择沉默。
现如今，少有人敢于站出来发出自己的声音，许是因为无力，许是因为不敢；而大众又都沉溺于各种各样的狂欢之中，微小的声音都被淹没。
于是，沉默的尽头便是消亡，对于不同的观点立场的默许使我们成为思想单一的乌合之众。
（分析沉默的原因之一及其危害）④现在的社会有着这样的趋势，很多人开始了“佛系”，抱着无所谓、不知道、我管我自己的态度。
个体在群体当中寻找着认同感，智商严重降低，以放弃基本的是非观念为代价来追求群体中那份令人心安的归属感。
这些沉默的大多数中有这新犬儒主义者，更有甚者成为了精致的利己主义，沉默且麻木。
这便是对于不同立场选择沉默的后果，一片祥和中埋下了隐形的炸弹，随时可能带来慌乱。
（剖析沉默的原因之二及其危害）⑤因此，我们要展开辩论，敢于抒发自己的观点。
每一个时代都是因为有《宽容》序言中那样的先驱者才得以见到新生。
我们的声音可以微弱，但不能就因此消极，成为杀死先驱的平庸之恶。
我们需要持有“自救”的态度，正如中岛美嘉的话：“在我人生最黑暗的那段时间里，是我自己把自己拉出了深渊。
”面对难以改变的立场，首先别让自己被它改变，与其一起沉沦（表明我们的做法之一）。
⑥当下网络上的声音，排除异己的态度是那么强烈，如同浪潮一般，吞噬每一个不坚定的人；但也从没有哪一个时代像今天这样可以轻易地将自己的想法广而告之，找到和自己有共鸣的人。
【英语】2020年上海高三英语一模作文范文汇编
【关键字】英语2018年高三一模作文汇编1.黄浦区2017年已接近尾声，还记得年初你为自己定下的小目标吗？不知你是否实现了你的小目标？发一个微信朋友圈来回顾一下吧（文中请不要出现真实的校名人名）。
你的朋友圈文字内容需包括：1. 你的2017年度小目标；2. 你为实现年度小目标所作的努力；3. 你实现（或没有实现）年度小目标的经验总结。
范文：My new year’s resolution for 2017 was that I should be able to communicate with foreign people in English. To achieve this goal, I had asked my English teacher for help. According to her suggestions, I made up a plan.Firstly, I started with simply reading English articles and found many pronunciation errors in my reading after listening to the video tape of its recording. Then, I tried to learn phonetics and practice one syllable after another again and again. I started with a single word, then a phrase, a sentence, a paragraph and finally the whole passage. After 3-month practice, I was able to read an article fluently without making any mistakes in pronunciation. I felt happy. Next, I practiced my listening. By listening to a passage four times, I required myself to take it down without spelling errors or any information blank. Last but not least, I installed an app called Shanbei Oral English on my phone to practice both my listening and speaking. It’s like having conversations with a robot. I had to understand what it said to me and answer its questions accordingly. After practicing for almost 8 months, I had my first talking session with an American teacher in our school. I was proud of myself.What I have learnt from this experience is something as a saying goes: no pain no gain. Though the process of learning could be dull and tiring, it’s worth all the efforts after I achieved my goal. Even if I didn’t, it’s still a valuable part of my life.阅卷作文8+8+4=20The wonderful year of 2017 is drawing to an end. I remember that I set an annual goal to keep fit at the beginning of 2017, since staying healthy is crucial to ensuring my study, thus better prepare myself for Gaokao.To achieve my goal of keeping fit, here are some efforts I’ve taken throughout the year. On the very first day of 2017, I downloaded a fitness app called Keep. Following the fitness instructions the app offered, I exercised every other night before I go to bed. Also, I did some research into the daily nutrition I need in order to stay healthy both physically and mentally, after which I devised a moderate dieting plan. Apart from the above, I’ve invited family members and friends to join me so that we can encourage each other and exchange fitness experience.So far, the record shown on my fitness app shows that I’ve done well this year, reaching a record high of 200 training times in total. Although at times I felt like giving up because of too much study pressure and limited time, I’m glad I have stuck to my plan. It seems to me that anything is possible if I throw in all of my energy and passion, and most of all, perseverance. Some rules apply to study. So I hope I will keep such passion and strength to do my best in the coming 2018. （237 words）点评：1．文本结构段落清晰，符合作文题目要求。
2020年上海市各区高三一模语文汇编——现代文一(学生版)(精校版)
2020届高三一模语文汇编——现代文一【宝山区】(一)阅读下文,完成第3-7题。
(16分)人皆有错(节选)[美]刘易斯·托马斯①错误就深藏在人类思维的基础之中,像根瘤那样滋养着整个结构．．．．．．．．．．．．。
要不是我们具有犯错误的能耐,我们决做不成任何有用的事情。
我们是生来就要犯错误的,编好了码犯错误的。
②常言道,我们在“尝试和出错”之中学习。
我们为什么总是这么说呢?为什么不说“尝试和搞对”或“尝试和获胜”呢?老话这么说,是国为在现实生活中事情就是这样的。
一个好的实验室,正像一个好的银行、好的公司、好的政府一样,动作应像一台计算机。
几乎一切事情都做得按部就班, 无懈可击，各种数字相加正好就是预期的答数。
日子就这么过去。
碰巧哪天幸运,于是哪个幸运的实验室里会有个人见下一个错误:用错了减震器,填错了一个空格，读数时小数点错了位,暖房温度低了一度半，一只老鼠溜出了箱子,或者无非看错了当天的日志。
不管是什么，当然结果出来的时候，明显出了纰漏,于是行动就此开始。
③错读本身并不是重大错误，但它开了条路。
下一步才是关健性的。
假使研究人员能够说：“可是即使如此,你看那结果! ”假使这样，那么新的发观(不论它是什么),就可以捕捉了。
要取得进展,就须在错误的基础上迈步。
④这可能是人类独有的天赋，甚或是我们的遗传密码中注定的。
其它生物看来都没有注定要在日常生活中犯错误的DNA链, 更肯定没有要它以必然犯错误作为行为准则的 DNA 链。
⑤作为人类,我们最高明,最能眉飞色舞开动脑筋的时刻,是当我们面前摆着两个以上选择的那会儿。
有时候，同时有十条甚至二十条路可走,而除了一条之外,其余肯定是错的,这种富于选择的场合能把我们提升到一个全新的境地。
这过程就称为探索,而它是以人类难免出错为基点的。
假使我们的头脑里只有一个中心,仅能在该作出正确决定时有所反应,而不是有着一丛丛各不相同、轻信而且容易受骗的神经元,足以把我们引进死胡同,抛到树梢头, 带进末路,送上蓝天,转弯抹角,拐错弯儿, 要不是这样,我们只能原地踏步, 裹足不前。
2020年上海市各区高三一模语文汇编——现代文一(教师版)(精校版)
2020届高三一模语文汇编——现代文一【宝山区】(一)阅读下文,完成第3-7题。
(16分)人皆有错(节选)[美]刘易斯·托马斯①错误就深藏在人类思维的基础之中,像根瘤那样滋养着整个结构．．．．．．．．．．．．。
要不是我们具有犯错误的能耐,我们决做不成任何有用的事情。
我们是生来就要犯错误的,编好了码犯错误的。
②常言道,我们在“尝试和出错”之中学习。
我们为什么总是这么说呢?为什么不说“尝试和搞对”或“尝试和获胜”呢?老话这么说,是国为在现实生活中事情就是这样的。
一个好的实验室,正像一个好的银行、好的公司、好的政府一样,动作应像一台计算机。
几乎一切事情都做得按部就班, 无懈可击，各种数字相加正好就是预期的答数。
日子就这么过去。
碰巧哪天幸运,于是哪个幸运的实验室里会有个人见下一个错误:用错了减震器,填错了一个空格，读数时小数点错了位,暖房温度低了一度半，一只老鼠溜出了箱子,或者无非看错了当天的日志。
不管是什么，当然结果出来的时候，明显出了纰漏,于是行动就此开始。
③错读本身并不是重大错误，但它开了条路。
下一步才是关健性的。
假使研究人员能够说：“可是即使如此,你看那结果! ”假使这样，那么新的发观(不论它是什么),就可以捕捉了。
要取得进展,就须在错误的基础上迈步。
④这可能是人类独有的天赋，甚或是我们的遗传密码中注定的。
其它生物看来都没有注定要在日常生活中犯错误的DNA链, 更肯定没有要它以必然犯错误作为行为准则的 DNA 链。
⑤作为人类,我们最高明,最能眉飞色舞开动脑筋的时刻,是当我们面前摆着两个以上选择的那会儿。
有时候，同时有十条甚至二十条路可走,而除了一条之外,其余肯定是错的,这种富于选择的场合能把我们提升到一个全新的境地。
这过程就称为探索,而它是以人类难免出错为基点的。
假使我们的头脑里只有一个中心,仅能在该作出正确决定时有所反应,而不是有着一丛丛各不相同、轻信而且容易受骗的神经元,足以把我们引进死胡同,抛到树梢头, 带进末路,送上蓝天,转弯抹角,拐错弯儿, 要不是这样,我们只能原地踏步, 裹足不前。
2020上海各区高三一模优秀作文汇编(下)( 徐汇、宝山、青浦、奉贤、崇明)
2020上海各区高三一模优秀作文汇编（下）（徐汇、宝山、青浦、奉贤、崇明共11篇）一.宝山作文题人们对待生活总有不同的观点和立场，有人相信理越辩越明，可以通过辩论统一认识；也有人认为即使你再有说服力也难以改变对方立场，不如选择沉默。
面对不同观点立场，我们应该展开辩论还是保持沉默？请写一篇文章，谈谈你的思考。
1.成为微光(68)①人们对待生活中有不同的观点和立场，有的人相信理越辩越明，可以通过辩论统一认识；也有人认为即使你再有说服力也难以改变对方立场，不如选择沉默。
（引材料）②这两种人有两种态度，一种是积极地面对问题，而另一种，则是消极的。
（简析材料）③在我看来,虽然个体的力量十分地微弱,但我们不能选择沉默。
现如今，少有人敢于站出来发出自己的声音，许是因为无力，许是因为不敢；而大众又都沉溺于各种各样的狂欢之中，微小的声音都被淹没。
于是，沉默的尽头便是消亡，对于不同的观点立场的默许使我们成为思想单一的乌合之众。
（分析沉默的原因之一及其危害）④现在的社会有着这样的趋势，很多人开始了“佛系”，抱着无所谓、不知道、我管我自己的态度。
个体在群体当中寻找着认同感，智商严重降低，以放弃基本的是非观念为代价来追求群体中那份令人心安的归属感。
这些沉默的大多数中有这新犬儒主义者，更有甚者成为了精致的利己主义，沉默且麻木。
这便是对于不同立场选择沉默的后果，一片祥和中埋下了隐形的炸弹，随时可能带来慌乱。
（剖析沉默的原因之二及其危害）⑤因此，我们要展开辩论，敢于抒发自己的观点。
每一个时代都是因为有《宽容》序言中那样的先驱者才得以见到新生。
我们的声音可以微弱，但不能就因此消极，成为杀死先驱的平庸之恶。
我们需要持有“自救”的态度，正如中岛美嘉的话：“在我人生最黑暗的那段时间里，是我自己把自己拉出了深渊。
”面对难以改变的立场，首先别让自己被它改变，与其一起沉沦（表明我们的做法之一）。
⑥当下网络上的声音，排除异己的态度是那么强烈，如同浪潮一般，吞噬每一个不坚定的人；但也从没有哪一个时代像今天这样可以轻易地将自己的想法广而告之，找到和自己有共鸣的人。
2020上海各区高三一模优秀作文汇编(中)(杨浦、普陀、黄浦、 长宁嘉定金山 )
2020上海各区高三一模优秀作文汇编（中）（杨浦、普陀、黄浦、长宁、嘉定、金山等有12篇）一. 杨浦作文题一本好书，我们往往先把它买下来，然后抛诸脑后；一首好诗，我们总是先把它收藏起来，然后再难想到细细地咀嚼它、品味它。
我们似乎占有了很多东西，但是它们却从未真正丰富过我们的心灵。
你对这段话有怎样的认识？请写一篇文章，谈谈你的思考。
要求:①自选角度，自拟题目:②不少于800字。
1.冲破占有的迷雾（67分）①占有在这个时代变得前所未有的便捷。
仁宗初年，苏轼为一本史书挑灯抄写；在更早的年代，对一首好诗的品味则须依托人们的口耳相传。
而在今天，只需付出少量的金钱，甚至只需轻点收藏，这些人类文明的瑰宝便翩然到手。
但我们清晰地感到：这种占有从未真正丰富过我们的心灵。
繁华和丰足的迷雾下掩藏着至深的荒凉。
（从古今占有的对比中看到当下占有的危机）②我认为这种悖论式的困境是由于信息与知识的过度繁冗。
袁枚的“书非借不能读也”解释了我们不愿承认的事实：信息与知识的有限带来珍视，过度的丰裕则造成迷乱和浪费。
于是好书和好诗在我们的书架或收藏夹中承受着“素蟫灰丝”的落寞苍凉。
与此同时，信息与知识的爆炸式增长也造成泥沙俱下的乱局。
生活充盈着娱乐性的话题，它仅抬高人们快乐的阈值。
好书和好诗这类要求细致咀嚼和品味的事物便被我们习惯性地“敬而远之”——满足于占有而不去思考、领略、整合与内化，这使我们难以经由这一过程形成完善的价值体系，造成没有自主性的自我，心灵的丰富和理性的实现便也无从企及。
（分析从未真正丰富过我们的心灵的占有现象产生的原因之一及其危害）③专业化对生活的全面入侵，以及工业文明福祸相依的本质造成了价值观偏移，也应当为这困境负起责任。
在专业化尚未全面开始的古希腊时代，亚里士多德可以与弟子们逍遥跋涉于贝克昂学园开满野雏菊的小径，他们对一切都充满冒险精神与诚挚的热爱。
如今,好书和好诗对于理科生往往成了浪费时间的事物, 他们不再将对文化和历史的咀嚼品味视作必须，正如文科生可能对科学的奥秘兴致缺乏。
2020届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--摘要写作--老师版(纯净word带答案已校对终结版)
IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Zeigarnik EffectHave you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school or work when you were trying to focus on other things? Or perhaps you wondered what would happen next in your favorite TV sh ow or film series. If you have, you’ve experienced the Zeigarnik effect. You tend to remember unfinished tasks better than finished tasks. Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect can be put into use in everyday life.The effect is especially well suited for helping overcome procrastination or delaying an action to a later time. We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming. However, the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to just get started. The first step could be somethi ng small and seemingly insignificant. In fact, it’s probably best if it’s something fairly easy.The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam. The effect tells us that breaking up study period s can actually improve recall. So instead of cramming for an exam all in one sitting, breaks should be scheduled in which the student focuses on something else. This will cause intrusive(侵入的) thoughts, enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that must be remembered, leading to better recall when they take the exam.The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental health problems. If an individual leaves important tasks incomplete, the intrusive thoughts that result can lead to stress, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and emotional distress. Conversely, completing a task can give an individual a sense of accomplishment and lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well-being.The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used to positively impact your work productivity.Keys:The Zeigarnik effect, the tendency to remember incomplete tasks better than complete ones, is useful in daily life. Firstly, it can keep people from putting off things when they start with a small step. Beside s, it encourages breaks i n students’ study, thus improvi ng recall in exams. Thirdly, itpromotes mental health by providing the motivation needed to finish tasks. (59 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Online “friends”―a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much-debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks. Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before. It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists, sociologists, and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying. We find ourselves in a hyper-connected world where people access social media day and night, excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character. Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective, aggressive, and display anti-social behavior in their offline lives. But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing—empathy. This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends’ points of view. Without it, we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone. This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours. Many admitted an addiction to their online social network; most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends. And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are. It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming, so it is clear that we can’t neglect those negative impacts of social networks.Keys:There is an increasing concern about social networks’ negative impact on our society. As young people are crazy about sharing life moments online, they may develop bad characters and lose empathy. Besides, people can’t bear being alone, the lack of which makes them unable to self-reflect. So we should pay attention to those impacts. (54 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.How Supermarkets Are Changing BritainThe British love their supermarkets. And there are more and more of them every year. But is this a good thing?Not necessarily. For a start, many small shops can’t compete on price with superstores such as Tesco. And they don’t have as many products either. As a result, 36% of the UK’s small shops shut down between 1990 and 1996 while the number of supermarkets increased from 457 to 1,102. Supermarkets have even had a negative effect on the British pub. Beer and wine is much cheaper in a supermarket than in a pub. There are now over 55,000 supermarkets in the UK, but less than 55,000 pubs. A decade ago there were more than 61,000. These days, pubs are closing at the rate of 39 a week!Supermarkets are also bad for animal welfare. The UK has high standards in this field, but some supermarkets get their meat from abroad. And in many cases, this meat is produced under conditions that would be illegal in the UK. But once they’ve got the meat, supermarkets put a British flag on the product as the meat is packed there. Dishonest? Not exactly, but it isn’t entirely true either!Supermarke ts have a poor environmental record too. Many of them don’t store food products themselves as storage space is expensive, so they get food producers to do it for them. This means that supermarket lorries have to make more trips to collect supplies. In turn, this increases the amount of petrol used, which leads to more pollution. Supermarkets also use a lot of plasticpackaging, which isn’t good for the environment either.So, what can be done to help the “little guys”? Not much really. Supermarkets have a l ot of power. Many political parties receive donations from supermarkets. And supermarkets often use their money to influence decisions. For example, just before the year 2000, one supermarket gave the government £12 million to help build the Millennium Dome in London. Later, plans to tax supermarket car parks were dropped.Keys:All the development of supermarket in Britain is not helpful. Firstly, they have many products and have the advantage over price leading to some British pubs and many small shops shutdown. Secondly, for their meat produced, they hurt animal welfare. Thirdly, as the price of storage space is high, many food products are stored by others resulting in damaging environment.(60 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Cryptocurrency（加密货币）Making payments online is very easy these days if you have a credit card or a bank card that used a payment network. Sending money online to a friend, you have to use a payment service like Google Pay or PayPal, or make a bank transfer. However, there is usually a significant delay before the receiver can use the money, and transfers can have sizeable fees.In 2008, a group of people published a paper describing a process that would use crypto-graph （密码学）to create a secure electronic cash system, known as a cryptocurrency. Person - to - person payments could be made online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial organization. Each transaction could happen very quickly. The shared network of computers would also serve as the means to confirm those transactions safely. Getting rid of the need for a centralized banking system would open up the possibility for anyone to become part ofthe digital economy.Today, there are over a thousand different cryptocurrencies. Most are still trying to be valid global payment systems like Bitcoin. They are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry. One issue is weak security on cryptocurrency websites where users either store their electronic cash. The websites are struggling to protect their users from such thefts.Another problem is the large number of false cryptocurrencies advertised on the Internet. The advertisements invite Internet users to visit websites offering new cryptocurrencies. Many visitors are persuaded to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual money. Later, the websites disappear along with the victims’ money. In response to this problem, companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on their websites.Keys:Cryptocurrency, a quick, safe and convenient electronic cash system, is a solution to online money transfer. However, it's now challenged by problems. One is the weakness of website security, which gives clever thieves opportunities. The other is the loss caused by false cryptocurrencies. To protect users, websites are fighting against thefts and companies are limiting cryptocurrency advertisements. (57 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Decline of BiodiversityBiodiversity is the range of living things in an area. During the last 100 years, scientists have seen a great decline in biodiversity. Some studies show that one in eight plant species is threatened with extinction. It is estimated that 140,000 species of plants are lost each year.Most of the extinctions in the last thousand years are due to humans. The main cause is the chopping down of tropical rain forests. Most of this destruction is done to create pasture(牧场) for beef cattle. Many rainforests in Central and South America have been burnt down to make way forcattle farming, which supplies beef to the rest of the world. It is estimated that for each pound of beef produced, 200 square feet of rainforest are destroyed. The forests are also cut down to make wheat for bread as well as fruit for human consumption.The introduction of exotic(外来的) species is another threat. The latest research from the University of Southampton has revealed the impact of exotic species upon native wildlife, which could potentially lead to the extinctions of local species. When exotic species are introduced to a place, they try to establish a self-sustaining population. While the local species, which haven’t had a chance to evolve, often lack defenses and thus cannot compete against the exotic species.The disappearance of certain food animals can be disastrous not only to larger animals but also to the entire ecosystem. It is these small creatures which convert much of the energy in an ecosystem from unusable (i.e. microscopic plants, decaying matter, etc.) into usable forms, namely their bodies. Their absence makes most energy and nutrients trapped in forms unusable to other species. This makes the environment less suitable for healthy living, and less capable of producing resources that humans need.Keys:Biodiversity is declining fast. One major reason is that people cut down tropical rain forests to raise cattle for beef or to grow food. Another reason is that some local species may extinct because they cannot compete with exotic species. The disappearance of certain species can do great harm to the ecosystem and environment.（54 words）IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids says, “We've gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.” By giving kids a lot of praise. Parents think they're building their children’s confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. Too much praise can backfire and,when given in a way that's insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parents' praise has put them.Still, don't go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving to o much. Kids will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.So what is the right amount of praise? Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize our children's efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal,” says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters.“One thing to remember is that it's the process not the end product that matters.”Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he's out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is, praise should be proportionate （相称的）to the amount of effort your child has put into it.Keys:Currently, contrary to what people did in the past, many parents think highly of their kids to often. It is not proper to praise children too much, but they can't do the opposite. What matter: is not the quantity but the quality of praise. Parents should praise their children in promotion to how much effort they make.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Lower Oxygen Levels Threaten Marine LifeOxygen in the oceans is being lost at an alarming rate, with “dead zones” expanding rapidly and hundreds more areas showing oxygen dangerously exhausted, putting sharks, tuna, marlin andother large fish species at particular risk. Dead zones, where oxygen is effectively absent, have quadrupled(翻两番) in extent in the last half-century, and there are also at least 700 areas where oxygen is at dangerously low levels, up from 45 when research was undertaken in the 1960s.The reasons behind this environmental collapse are multiple. Among all, pollutants generated by the industrial world have been the most destructive force to cause the unbalance, including a rising tide of plastic waste, as well as other pollutants. Seas are about 26% more acidic than in pre-industrial times because of absorbing the excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, with damaging impacts on shellfish in particular.Low oxygen levels are also associated with global heating, because the warmer water holds less oxygen and the heating causes stratification(分层), so there is less of the vital mixing of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor layers. Oceans are expected to lose about 3-4% of their oxygen by the end of this century, but the impact will be much greater in the levels closest to the surface, where many species are concentrated, and in the mid to high latitudes.Another major cause for lower oxygen is intensive farming. When excess artificial fertilizer from crops, or wastes from the meat industry, runs off the land and into rivers and seas, it feeds algae(藻类) which bloom and then cause oxygen consumption as they die and decay.The problem of dead zones has been known about for decades, but little has been done to tackle it. Now is high time to take actions and help the oceans function better.Keys:Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly, which endangers marine life. Industrial pollutants, especially plastic waste and increased carbon dioxide, are the deadliest causes. Global warming is another cause. Finally intensive farming is also to blame for oxygen loss, because its wastes feeds algae, which consumes lots of oxygen. Measures should be taken to tackle this neglected threat.Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly, which endangers marine life. Industrial pollutants, especially plastic waste and increased carbon dioxide, are the deadliest causes. Besides, global warming is responsible as it leads to lower oxygen storage and stratification. Finally, intensive farming also results in the oxygen loss. Measures should be taken to tackle this neglected threat.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Do We Need Art in Our LivesNo one will be surprised to hear that the arts are under fire in this day and age. We view the arts as something of a hobby, something that’s fun but certainly can’t pay the rent. If it’s not a useful skill, no wonder arts funding is being cut in schools. Do we really need art in our lives?In schools, time and money is at a premium (稀有而珍贵), now more than ever. With teachers having to fit so many lessons into every day, it’s easy to see why art is dropping more and more by the wayside. Budgets are dropping at an alarming rate, and what school is going to drop teaching in essential subjects such as math or science when they can drop art instead?It seems as though the loss of art in daily life is a sad fact of life, but it doesn’t have to be. There are actually a lot of practical uses for art for many people. For example, art therapy has helped people with a range of illnesses, both mental and physical, cope with their symptoms. Art is found almost anywhere you look in your home. Practical items, such as bedspreads, furniture or clothing, are all art forms in themselves and arouse emotions in the people interacting with them.Art also gives us insight into the world. History tells us what happened and when it happened, but it can’t tell us how the population at large felt about it, which is where art steps in. We know a lot about how people in the past lived and worked, because their art has given us such a deep insight into their daily lives. We wouldn’t have that insight without it.Most of all, we need art in our lives as it gives us a form of self-expression. Being able to talk about our feelings is essential to staying healthy. You may not think you talk about your feelings, but you may express them in other ways. Some like to cook or bake, some like to work on machinery, and others may like to paint or draw. Whatever you like to do in your spare time, you’re probably creating art every day.So, do we need art in our lives? Many people would say no, but the art they’re thinking of is the art you see in galleries. Art is actually much more accessible and is truly needed in everyday life. It helps those in need, gives people in the future an idea of what life was like, and is a vital form ofself-expression.Keys:Considered as a hobby or fun, art is ignored in schools. Limited time and money is spent on essential subjects. However, art is very useful and everywhere. As therapy, art benefits health. Besides, it enables us to understand the world better. Above all, we often express our feelings in the form of art. Therefore, art is needed.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Giving ThanksThis is the season for taking the time to reflect on what we're thankful for in life. Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidays so special. But why should we limit it to just a few weeks in the years? Gratitude is a muscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier, happier humans and leaders.Emmons, through his research, found that grateful people reported feeling healthier, both mentally and physically. Specifically, those who were grateful were 25percent happier than those who weren't. In the workplace, well-being is a crucial topic when it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement. Beyond the research that shows that employees who are shown that they are appreciated arc more productive by 50 percent, caring for your employees’ well-being is simply the right thing to do. Providing programs that support managing life's everyday challenges, offering fitness classes orimplementing flexible work schedules are just a few things that, when paired with gratitude, can lead to more productive, engaged and happier working professionals.Working in an ever-evolving, fast-paced industry, I am surrounded by ambitious people who are always striving for more and better. Gratitude challenges yon to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future. It starts by paying attention to what's going on in your life, and that true self-awareness is a key ingredient to being successful in your career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships, both at work and in your personal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.The old saying goes “It’s never too late to say you’re sorry,” but the same is true of gratitude. That’s a gift worth celebrating 365 days a year.Keys:We should show gratitude year-round as it is beneficial to both our personal and professional life. First, it helps our physical and mental health and makes us happier, thus promoting production at work. Second, it makes us more self-aware, which can contribute to career success. Lastly, it makes us more likely to forgive others and helps build strong relationships. (59 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.New Research on Kids’ Poor Math AchievementIf the thought of a math test makes you break out in a cold sweat, Mom or Dad may be partly to blame, according to the new research published in Psychological Science.A team of researchers found that children of math-anxious parents learned less math over the school year and were more likely to be math-anxious themselves—but only when these parents provided frequent help on the child’s math homework.Previous research from this group has established that when teachers are anxious about math, their students learn less math during the school year. The current study is novel in that it establishes a link between parents’ and children’s math anxiety. These findings suggest that adults’ attitudes toward math can play an important role in children’s math achievement.“We often don’t think about how important parents’ own attitudes are in determining their children’s academic achievement. But our work suggests that if a parent is walking around saying‘Oh, I don’t like math’ or ‘this stuff makes me nervous,’ kids pick up on this messaging and it affects their success,” explained Beilock, professor in psychology.“Math-anxious parents may be less effective in explaining math concepts to children, and may not respond well when children make a mistake or solve a problem in a novel way,” added Levine, Beilock’s colleague.438 first- and second-grade students and their primary caregivers participated in the study. Children were assessed in math achievement and math anxiety at both the beginning and end of the school year. As a control, the team also assessed reading achievement, which they found was not related to parents’ math anxiety. Parents completed a questionnaire about their own nervousness and anxiety around math and how often they helped their children with math homework.The researchers believe the link between parents’ math anxiety and children’s math performance stems more from math attitudes than genetics.Keys:Different from previous research on the relationship between teachers’ anxiety and their students, a new research reveals parents’ math anxiety undermines their children’s math performance. When the anxious parents help their children with math, their negative attitudes toward math will be passed on to their children, which indicates that not genetics but attitudes account for the kids’ math performance. (59)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It goes without saying that the language spoken by the majority of British people has the same name as the language spoken by most citizens of the U.S.A. Nonetheless, quite apart from well-documented lexical （词汇的）differences 一pavement/sidewalk, lift/elevator, etc. — there are still some words and phrases which can cause contusion and misunderstanding between speakers of the two different forms. That's why sonic people say that Great Britain and the United States are nations separated by a common language. There are practical reasons for this.When the first English settlers arrived in what we now call America, the language they spoke was naturally the same as that spoken by their compatriots （(同胞）on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean. However, they immediately saw things which didn't exist in Europe, often items used and made by Native Americans, such as canoes and moccasins and creatures such as buffalo. They also picked up words which they heard being used by other European immigrants. The word "boss", for example, was used by settlers from Holland in New York in the mid-17th century. It comes from the Dutch word "baas", which means master. The word "cookie" also comes from the Dutch "koekje".There are many words, phrases and even grammatical structures which are mistaken for Americanisms （美式英语用语）in Britain when they are nothing of the sort. Very often, they represent not an American import, but an original form of British English which has disappeared in Britain. The verbs "guess” meaning think and “loan" meaning lend and the adjective "mad" meaning angry are frequently criticized as Americanisms, yet they all appeared in British English hundreds of years ago. In the case of "（loan", it was used as long ago as 1,200 years! In fact, English spoken in the UK has changed so thoroughly in the last 500 years that American English now represents the last place where some original British English forms can be found.Keys:Although American English and British English are the same language, there are great differences. Two reasons account for the phenomenon. New words were created after the first English settlers in America saw new things and learned words from other Europeans. Additionally, some original expressions have been changed by British people while they are still being used by Americans.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Psychology of SpendingDr. Thomas Gilovich, psychology professor at Cornell University, has studied the psychology。
2020届上海市高三英语一模汇编08：作文
2020届上海市高三英语一模汇编08：作文教师版
假如你是李华，今年暑假在一家老年医疗中心当了一个星期的志愿者。
请给你的朋友王平写一封信，与其分享本次经历。
你的信必须包括：
文华中学的读书节即将展开，学校将给每个班级配发图书（按下图显示的比例），放置在班级中，总量为20本。
现在学校向学生们征求意见，假设你是该学校的学生李华，请你给学校写封邮件，描述提供的图书类型并谈谈你的意见与建议。
（学科辅导类：test-prep books）
CONFIDENT
FAMILIAR
SATISFIED
Your
Comfort
Zone Where the magic happens!
AVERAGE。
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2020宝山一模VI. Guided Writing76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120〜150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是红星中学高三年级的学生，你的英语老师在作文批阅时经常采用学生自批，学生互批或教师批阅（或集体批阅或面批）的方式。
请就此情况通过微信和英语老师沟通一下，谈谈你的看法，你的文章必须包括：*你喜欢哪种方式？为什么？*提出你认为可以提高作文批阅效率的合理化建议并给出理由。
注意：请勿透露本人真实姓名和学校名称。
2020崇明一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.76. 明启中学为了进一步丰富学校艺术节，决定在原有三个专场（分别是：书法专场、器乐专场、歌曲专场）的基础上再增加一个专场，现向广大师生征求意见。
假设你是该校学生林平，给负责的王老师写一封电子邮件，表达你的意见。
邮件内容须包括：> 增加的专场的名称；> 该专场的具体内容；> 增加该专场的理由。
注：文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校。
2020奉贤一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.随着移动网络的发展，各种手机APP应运而生，给我们的生活带来了极大便利，但许多同学也因此沉迷网络。
现学生会发起一项清理手机APP的倡议，如果你只能从以下四个APPs：Wechat，Taobao，E-dictionary，Glory of Kings (mobile game)中保留两个，你会如何选择，并说明理由。
2020虹口一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.76.手机给现代人的生活带来了很多便利，甚至改变了人们的日常生活方式。
人们常常会在手机上下载一些常用的应用程序(app)。
你平时使用较多的是哪一类应用程序呢？请你向同学们推荐一款应用程序，并阐述理由。
2020黄浦一模Ⅵ. 76. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120 -150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是李明，你校正在进行高三年级的课程微调，准备将周三下午的第四节课设置为“艺术欣赏类课程(art appreciation)”或者“学科拓展类课程(subject expansion)”，现广泛征求高三同学的意见。
请发一封邮件至校长信箱（邮件中请不要出现真实的校名和姓名），你的邮件内容需包括：1. 你建议校方设置以上两类课程中的哪一类；2. 你的理由；3. 你希望此类课程包含哪些内容。
2020嘉定一模Ⅵ. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120 - 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学学生王磊，你校下个月将举行中外学生交流活动，现向学生征求活动方案。
你主动向校长写信，表达你的想法。
你的信包括以下内容：1. 活动的主题；2. 你设计的1-2个活动的具体内容；3. 你设计该活动的理由。
2020静安一模VI．Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学的王华，你校学生会将举办主题为“Looking for the Chinese Spirit”的英语演讲比赛，请你作为参赛者写一篇演讲稿, 内容包括：1. 描述生活中最感动你的一个人或一件事，并说明其体现了怎样的中国精神；2. 你获得的启发及感受。
(注意：请勿出现真实的姓名与学校)2020闵行一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructionsgiven below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学的李华，你校外籍教师Chris将在文化周期间做一个有关西方艺术的讲座，现就讲座内容征求你校学生的意见。
请给Chris写一封电子邮件，邮件必须包含以下内容•你喜欢的讲座话题（从音乐、美术、舞蹈、戏剧中任选其一）：•选择该话题的原因及关于该话题你感兴趣的内容；•希望从中有何收获。
2020浦东一模VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.76.文华中学的读书节即将展开，学校将给每个班级配发图书（按下图显示的比例），放置在班级中，总量为20 本。
现在学校向学生们征求意见，假设你是该学校的学生李华，请你给学校写封邮件，描述提供的图书类型并谈谈你的意见与建议。
（学科辅导类：test-prep books）VI. Guided WritingDirections:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.如今，许多家长焦虑地守在孩子身边、密切关注孩子一举一动，被称之为“直升机父母(Helicopter parents)”，还有“扫雪机父母(Snowplow parents)”,轰隆隆地扫除孩子通往成功路上的所有障碍，让孩子免遭失败、挫折。
对此，学校校刊特辟专栏对此进行讨论，请以李华为名投稿，用身边的例子描述这两类家长，并谈谈对此的看法。
2020青浦一模VI. Guided WritingDirections:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学高三学生李青，将在主题为“我的家乡变美了”的班会上发言。
请撰写一篇演讲稿，内容必须包括：▪家乡变美了的具体表现；▪你对家乡未来的畅想。
（演讲稿的开头已给出，不计入总词数。
）2020松江一模VI. Guided Writing (25 分)Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below m Chinese.你校准备为高三学生开展一次普及上海历史知识的活动，现有两个方案征求大家意见：1.学校组织学生集体驱车前往上海市历史博物馆(Shanghai History Museum),现场参观并聆听专业讲解员(professional museum guide)介绍上海历史，共计五小时；2.学校邀.请某知名大学历史教授到校以“上海历史''为主题做讲座，共计两小时。
请你以李华的名义向王校长写一封信，在信中谈谈你更偏向哪个方案，并说明理由”。
VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是陈芳。
你的好友王敏是新华中学的学生，下个月将去英国的姐妹校交流访问。
王敏想拍摄一个短片，向英国的同学和老师介绍自己的学校。
她通过邮件向你征求意见。
写一封回信，内容须包括：1、短片的主题以及与之匹配的主要内容；2、你选择这些内容的理由。
2020杨浦一模Ⅵ. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120 -150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.请简要描述图片，并结合生活实际（自身或他人的例子），谈谈你对于“舒适圈”的看法。
2020长宁金山一模Ⅵ. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120 - 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是李华，今年暑假在一家老年医疗中心当了一个星期的志愿者。
请给你的朋友王平写一封信，与其分享本次经历。
你的信必须包括：●你的所见所闻●你的感悟（信的开头已经为你写好）。