污水处理厂计算书(计算式)
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3.60
2.00
由于设计一VIP生物处理法所须考虑之设计参数相当多,除一般活性 污泥法所常采用之MLSS、F/M及HRT外,尚考虑硝化液回流率(NRCY), 厌气池回流率(ARCY),回流污泥(RAS)等,西图公司以多年发展VIP系统 之经验,建议各参数之设计准则如下: F/M (kg TBOD/kg MLVSS-day) SRT (days) MLSS (mg/L) HRT (hours) 厌氧槽 缺氧槽 好氧槽 合 计 RAS (%) NRCY(%) ARCY(%) 0.1~0.2 5~15 2000~3500 1.00 1.00 4.0~10.0 6.0~12.0 40~80 100 50~100
A.基本设计条件假设 依据民治污水处理厂的背景条件,假设各项操作参数如下。 水中溶氧 = 2.0 mg/L 细胞停留时间(MCRT) = pH = 7.20 units 水温 = MLSS = 3,000 mg/L 好氧槽脱硝率ANR = 废弃污泥浓度 8,000 mg/L NRCY = B.反应槽体积计算 依前述设计准则,假设 好氧槽之HRT = 缺氧槽之HRT = 厌氧槽之HRT = 则可得
已知各槽体之体积如下: 总体积 (TOT Vol) 好氧槽总体积 (AER Vol) = 厌氧槽总体积 (ANA Vol) = 缺氧槽总体积 (ANX Vol) = 选择四个反应槽总宽度 = 每一反应槽宽度 = 选择反应槽的渠道数 = 每一渠道宽度 = 每一反应槽之好氧槽长度 = = 6,115 m3 = 31.8 m 选择好氧槽之长度 = 好氧槽每一分区长度= 缺氧槽及厌氧槽长度 = 1,019.1 m3
3.5 3.5 m / m 1 +
m 3.5 = m + 3.5
38.5 m
m m3 m m3 m m3 m3
x = x = x = =
4.00 0.27 4.00 0.27 8.00 1.42 1.95
m MG m MG m MG MG
x
6.00
m
x
12
x
6.00
m
x
12
x
6.00
m
x
16
Check : / Qin = 0.99 厌氧槽之HRT = ANA Vol / Qin = 0.99 缺氧槽之HRT = ANX Vol / Qin = 5.27 好氧槽之HRT = AER Vol 反应槽之总 HRT = 7.25 MLSS = (Total TSS x MCRT)/(8.34 x Total Vol) = 3,107 mg/L (其中Total TSS系指废弃污泥中之TSS量,请见4.固体物产量) F/M = BOD Loading/ (TOT Vol x MLSS ) = 缺氧槽之 F/M = 0.81 day-1 好氧槽之 MCRTAER = (AER Vol/TOT Vol) x MCRT =
6.0
hours
ANA ANA ANX
ANA ANX ANX
1.0
hours
ARE
1.0
hours
- Q2nd x MGD = 24,459 38,581 4 6.0
24,459 CMD BODout - Qwas x WAS) / (WAS - MLSS) 14,122 CMD CMD + 14,122 CMD CMD = 10.19 MGD 池 m
10 15 10 120
6.0 1.0 1.0
hours hours hours
2011-11-18
Page. 14
好氧槽总体积 (AER Vol) = Qin x TAER = 6.46 MGD x = 1.62 MG 缺氧槽总体积 (ANX Vol) = Qin x TANX = 6.46 MGD x = 0.27 MG 厌氧槽总体积 (ANA Vol) = Qin x TANA = 6.46 MGD x = 0.27 MG 已知初沉池出流水 = RAS = (Qin x MLSS = 3.73 总进流量 = = 选择反应槽池数 = 选择反应槽水深 =
6.46 7,777 4,558 2,156 404.9 10,779 53.9 12.88 15,560 9,117 4,298 810.1 21,489 107.4
= = = = = = = = = = = = = =
24,459 144.3 84.6 40.0 7.5 200.0 1.0 48,763 144.8 84.9 40.0 7.5 200.0 1.0
VSS3
75.0 40.0 90.0 1.42 8.0 1.0 2.21 75
2011-11-18
Page. 12
TSS 去除率 (%),RTSS BOD5,RBOD = RTSSx进流水TSS/进流水BOD5xVSS1x(1-VSS2)xR2/R1 = 总凯氏氮,RTKN = RTSS x 进流水 TSS/ 进流水TKN x VSS1 x N1VSS = 总磷,RTP = RTSS x 进流水 TSS/ 进流水TP x VSS1 x P1VSS = (2)曝气池中之生化反应机制常数及水质特性 A.喜气槽 μmax 20 = Φ forμmax 20 = 10.0 day-1, μmax T = 8.42 day-1 Ks = 50.0 mg/L Yg = 0.73 mg TSS/mg BOD5 Kd 20 = Φ for Kd 20 = 0.23 day-1, Kd T = 0.19 day-1 挥发性TSS (%),VSS4 = 难分解性VSS (%), VSS5 = VSS之氧当量数 (mg COD/mg VSS) , CODVSS = VSS中之氮含量 (%, N/VSS) N2VSS = BOD5/总磷 (mg BOD5/mg TP-P), R5 = B.硝化槽 μmax T = 0.28 day-1 Kn = 0.40 mg-N/L KDO = 1.30 mg/L Yn = 0.15 mg TSS/mg NO3 Kdn T = 0.05 day-1 挥发性TSS (%), VSS6 = VSS中之氮含量 (%, N/VSS), N3VSS = VSS中之磷含量 (%, P/VSS), P3VSS = 硝化菌之 MCRT ,MCRTN = 4.3 C.硝化作用 单位需氧量(mg O2/mg NO3 generated) = 碱度消耗量(mg as CaCO3/mg NO3) = D.脱硝作用 单位需氧量 (mg O2/mg NO3 denitrified) =
/ m /
4 4.0 m
= /
7.0 12
Page. 15
= 3.5 m 选择厌氧槽或缺氧槽之长度为 每一反应槽总长度 = = 28.0 m + = 38.5 m 每一渠道长度 = 38.5 厌氧槽总体积 = = 缺氧槽总体积 = = 好氧槽总体积 = = 反应槽总体积 = (ANA Vol) 3.50 1,008 (ANX Vol) 3.50 1,008 (AER Vol) 7.00 5,376 (TOT Vol) 7,392
MGD CMD = Kg/d Kg/d CMD mg/L CMD = mg/L
=
14,962 0.076
CMD MGD
6.16 6.7 1.8 0.5
MGD mg/L mg/L mg/L
2011-11-18
Page. 11
wenku.baidu.com
(1)原进流水水质特性基本假设 (参考"Theory, Design and Operation of Nutrient Removal-Activated Sludge Process"一书) A.污染负荷 平均日流量时: 流量,Qin,MGD BOD5 ,lb/d 总悬浮固体物,TSS,lb/d 总凯氏氮,TKN,lb/d 总磷,TP,lb/d 碱度,lb/d as CaCO3 硫化氢,lb/d 尖峰小时流量时: 流量,Qin,MGD BOD5 ,lb/day 总悬浮固体物,TSS,lb/d 总凯氏氮,TKN,lb/d 总磷,TP,lb/d 碱度,lb/d as CaCO3 硫化氢,lb/d
2011-11-18
=
32.0 1 8.0 / 6.0 28.0 28.0 / 6.0 m
2.15 1.62 0.27 0.27 32.0 m / m m / /
MG = MG = MG = MG = m 4 1 8.0
8,153 6,115 1,019 1,019 = = m /
m3 m3 m3 m3 8.0 8.0 4
hours hours hours hours
0.11 7.27
C.脱氮计算 脱氮速率常数 (Specific Denitrification Rate, SDRN) 系指单位时间之单 位MLSS所能去除之氮量,其计算式为: SDNR20 = 0.03 x F/M + 0.029 (在 20oC下) SDNRT = SDNR20 x 1.06 (T-20) 因此本反应槽之SDNR15 = 1.87 mg/g/hr
四、曝气池
1.设计条件 曝气池采用平均日流量作为设计基准,并配合检验尖峰小时流量时情形。 依平均日质量平衡计算结果,初沉池出流水性质: Q = 24,459 CMD TSS = 2,069 Kg/d = 84.6 mg/L BOD5 = 3,530 Kg/d = 144.3 mg/L TP = 183.8 Kg/d = 7.5 mg/L 依尖峰小时质量平衡计算结果,初沉池出流水性质: Q = 48,763 CMD TSS = 4,138 Kg/d = 84.9 mg/L BOD5 = 7,062 Kg/d = 144.8 mg/L TP = 367.6 Kg/d = 7.5 mg/L 二沉池设计面积: 二沉池面积 = 1,257 m2 = 13,526 ft2 2.计算结果摘要 回流污泥(RAS) Q = 3.95 废弃污泥(WAS) Q = 287.5 TSS = 2,300 BOD5 = 2,002 反应槽出流水 Q = 38,581 TSS = 3,107 二沉池出流水 Q = 23,331 TSS = 20.0 总非溶解性 BOD5 = 溶解性 BOD5 = 总磷 = 3.设计生物反应槽
CMD mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L CMD mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L
B.进流水质特性 总 BOD/BOD5, R1 = 1.47 难分解性总凯氏氮(%), TKN1 = 4.0 难分解溶解性COD(%), COD1 = 12.50 总悬浮固体物(TSS) 挥发性固体物(VSS) (%), VSS1 难分解之挥发性固体物(%), VSS2 Volatile content of nonbiodegradable VSS (%), COD/VSS , R2 VSS之氮含量 (%,N/VSS), N1VSS VSS之磷含量 (%,P/VSS), P1VSS COD/BOD之估计值, R3 溶解性 BOD5/总 BOD5之估计值 (%), R4 初沉池中各污染物去除率:
60
1.04
1.04 90.0 23.0 1.42 12.0 15.0
90.0 12.0 2.0 day
4.60 7.20
2.86
2011-11-18
Page. 13
碱度产生量 (mg as CaCO3/mg NO3) = E.硫化氢氧化作用 单位需氧量 (lb O2/lb H2S) = (3)操作参数
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Page. 16
NOX-N (mg/L)浓度计算: 无脱硝反应时DNo (1+MCRT x KdnT) x nitrifier TSS/(Qin x 8.34 x Yn) = = 20.2 (其中 Nitrifier TSS 系指废弃污泥中由硝化反应产生之TSS量,请见(4)固体 物产量) 考虑好氧槽脱硝反应时DN1 (1- ANR) x DNo = = 18.2 考虑缺氧槽脱硝反应时 = DN1 - SDNR x ANX HRT x MLSS / 1000 = 12.4 考虑回流NRCY时 = DN1 /(1+ RAS/Qin + NRCY/100) = 8.3 D.回流污泥量计算 8,000 mg/L 已知假设回流污泥浓度 = RAS = (Qin x MLSS - Q2nd x BODout - Qwas x WAS) / (WAS - MLSS) = 3.95 MGD = 14,962 CMD Area = 13,526 ft2 SOR = 477.7 CMD/m2 RAS Cap = 3.60 mgd = 19.4 SLR = 12.4 lb/sf-day = 2.52 Kg/m2-hr (4)固体物产量,SOLIDS PRODUCTION (lb/d) A.初沉污泥,Primary Sludge TSS = 进流水TSS x RTSS = 6,834 lb/d = 3,107 Kg/d VSS = 进流水TSS x RTSS x VSS1 = 5,126 lb/d = 2,330 Kg/d 生物可分解性VSS = 进流水TSS x RTSS x VSS1 x (1-VSS2) = 3,075 lb/d = 1,398 Kg/d B.废弃污泥,Waste Activated Sludge (WAS) (a)进流之难分解固体物 VSSA= 进流水 TSS x (1-RTSS) x VSS1 x VSS2 = 1,367 lb/d = 621.3 Kg/d