2012年成人英语三级考试语法词汇辅导汇总

2012年成人英语三级考试语法词汇辅导汇总

also，too这两个词都是副词，又都表示“也是”的意思，但在修辞意味和使用场合上有所不同。它们的区别如下：

(一)一般说来，also用于比较正式formal)的场合，语气比too庄重;too是惯熟familiar)的用语，使用范围较广。

(二)also在句中的位置要紧靠动词;too在句中的位置比较灵活，有时插入句中，前后用逗号分开，有时放在句末。

(三)too只能用在肯定句中，不可用于否定句内。在否定句中，只能用either;also则可以用在否定句中。

下面请看例句：

The Hong Kong Chief Executive also heads the university as Chancellor.

香港行政长官也以大学)校监身份领导大学。

Reading books is learning，but application is also learning and the more important form of learning.

读书是学习，买践也是学习，而且是更重要的学习。

We have not heard such a thing.Also，we have never seen such a scene.

我们没有听见过这种事情，我们也从来没有见过这种场面。

请注意，一般说来，also在句中的位置应紧靠动词，但有时为了强调其意，也可以将它放在句首或句末。

Here，too，the colon must be followed by a dash.

这里也一样，应当在冒号之后加破折号。

Mary，too，can play the piano.

玛丽也会弹钢琴。

Could you speak Japanese?—Yes，and Spanish too.

您会说日语吗?——会的，还会说西班牙语哩。

Also虽然和too同义，但前者大都用于书面语，后者大都用于口语。例：

The lady washed the children and also gave them dinner.书面语)

The lady washed the children and gave them dinner too.口语)

在口语中，too还可以用as well代替。

有时候，also在句中的位置不同，句子的涵义也会跟着变化。例：

John is also concerned in this matter.(1)

John also is concerned in this matter.(2)

John is concerned in this matter also.(3)

(1)句的涵义是：John is concerned in this matter as well as that one.

(2)句的涵义是：John is concerned in this matter，just as somebody else is.

(3)句的涵义是：This matter is the last of many that have been mentioned.

虚拟语气。它主要可分为以下情况：

A，表建议，要求，命令的动词，及与其相关的名词、形容词或分词，后面的从句中都要用should+动词原形作谓语，should可省略。

B，某些特殊的形容词，后面常跟虚拟语气。这一点要尤其注意。

C，wish后表示与现实相反的愿望时要用虚拟语气。

D，would rather后若加从句则要用过去式表示虚拟语气，也可以直接加do sth宁愿做…

E，If引导的条件状语中，表示与现在情况相反的假设，表示与过去情况相反的假设时。

虚拟语气这个考点在近两年当中出现的考分这两年稍微偏高，这一点尤其大家要格外的关注一些。

方式状语从句通常由as,(just)as…so…,as if,as though引导。

1)as,(just)as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just)as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用于正式文体，例如：Always do to the others as you would be done by.

你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。

As water is to fish,so air is to man.

我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。

Just as we sweep our rooms,so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.

正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。

2)as if,as though

两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作"仿佛……似的"，"好像……似的"，例如：

They completely ignore these facts as if(as though)they never existed.

他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不存在似的。(与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。) He looks as if(as though)he had been hit by lighting.

他那样子就像被雷击了似的。(与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。)

It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.

看来天气很快就会好起来。(实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。)

说明：as if/as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语，例如：He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.

他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。转

He cleared his throat as if to say something.

他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。

The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.

波涛冲击着岩石，好像很愤怒。

1.It wasn’t such a good present_____he had promised me.

A.that

B.as

C.which

D.what

2.Perhaps the day will come_____people will be able to breathe clean air in cities.

A.when

B.while

C.as

D.since

3.To make up an objective test,the teacher writes a series of questions,_____has only one correct answer.

A.each of which

B.some of which

C.which

D.what

4.A higher crime rate exists in cities_____a large percentage of unemployment.

A.where have

B.that have

C.which they have

D.that having

5.Scientists call Newton’s idea_____gravitation reaches throughout the universe the law of universal gravitation.