280吨循环流化床设计_毕业设计

280t/h燃煤循环流化床锅炉设计

目录

摘要 (Ⅲ)

ABSTRACT (Ⅳ)

1 绪论 (1)

1.1国内外CFB锅炉发展及现状 (1)

1.1.1 国内CFB锅炉发展 (1)

1.1.2国外CFB锅炉发展 (1)

1.2 循环流化床锅炉优缺点 (1)

2 锅炉结构和设计简介 (3)

2.1 原始资料 (3)

2.2 煤的元素分析数据校核和煤种判别 (3)

2.2.1 煤的元素分析数据校核 (3)

2.2.2 煤种判别 (4)

2.3 锅炉的整体布置 (4)

3 220t/hCFB锅炉热力计算 (6)

3.1 锅炉燃烧产物和锅炉热平衡计算 (6)

3.1.1 燃烧产物计算 (6)

3.1.2 无脱硫工况计算 (6)

3.1.3 有脱硫工况计算 (8)

3.1.4 烟气特性计算表 (11)

3.1.5烟气焓温计算表 (12)

3.2 锅炉热平衡及燃烧和石灰石消耗量计算 (12)

3.3炉膛与汽冷屏设计及热力计算 (15)

3.3.1 炉膛结构设计及计算 (15)

3.3.2 炉膛水冷壁传热计算 (18)

3.3.3 汽冷屏结构设计及计算 (21)

3.3.4 汽冷屏传热计算 (22)

3.3.5 锅炉炉膛整体热力计算 (25)

3.4 汽冷旋风分离器设计及热力计算 (29)

3.4.1 旋风分离器结构计算 (29)

3.4.2 旋风分离器热力计算 (30)

3.5 高温过热器设计及热力计算 (33)

3.5.1 高温过热器结构计算 (33)

3.5.2 高温过热器热力计算 (35)

3.6低温过热器设计及热力计算 (38)

3.6.1 低温过热器结构计算 (38)

3.6.2 低温过热器热力计算 (40)

3.7省煤器设计及热力计算 (43)

3.7.1 省煤器结构计算 (43)

3.7.2 省煤器热力计算 (45)

3.8管式空气预热器设计及热力计算 (47)

3.8.1 管式空气预热器结构计算 (47)

3.8.2 管式空气预热器热力计算 (50)

3.9热力计算数据的修正 (52)

3.10 热力计算数据汇总表 (54)

4 结论 (56)

谢辞 (57)

参考文献 (58)

附录 (59)

摘要

循环流化床锅炉是近几十年发展起来的一种新型燃烧设备，其具有燃料适应性广、有利于环保、负荷调节性好、燃烧热强度大、炉内传热能力强等优点。所以，其一经推出就在世界范围内得到了广泛的应用。特别是在中国，循环流化床锅炉技术在近几十年取得了长足的进步。

循环流化床锅炉包括本体设备和辅助系统两部分。CFB锅炉本体由炉膛及布风装置、循环灰分离器、回料阀、尾部受热面竖井烟道及可以加置的外置式循环灰换热器组成。循环流化床锅炉主要辅助系统包括风烟系统、煤制备系统、石灰石制备系统、灰渣处理系统、燃油点火启动系统、热控系统[1]。

在整个设计过程中进行了锅炉整体的热力计算。热力计算包括炉膛、高温过热器、低温过热器、省煤器以及空气预热器的计算。

在此基础上，利用CAD绘制锅炉结构图、主要部件三视图。

关键词：循环流化床锅炉；热力计算；汽冷屏；旋风分离器；过热器

The Design of 280t/h CFB Boiler

ABSTRACT

The CFB is the new combustion equipment which is developed in the recent years, it has the advantages of be widely adapt to fuels,be good for environment, load adjustment well, burning intensity is big, heat transfer is strong in the firebox and so on. So, it is widely applied in the world. Especially in China, the technolog of CFB is made great progress in the recent years.

CFB boiler including body systems and auxiliary equipment two parts. CFB body are compose of boiler furnace and air distribution device, loop ash separator, return valve, silo flue of heating surface and external circulating ask heat exchanger.The main auxiliary systems of circulating fluidized bed boiler system including Wind and Smoke, coal preparation system, limestone preparation system, ash handling system, fuel ignition system, thermal control systems.

Throughout the design process, we make the thermodynamic calculation. Thermodynamic calculation of the furnace, high temperature superheater, low temperature superheater, economizer and air preheater of calculation.

On this basis, the use of CAD drawing the boiler chart and three view of the main parts.

Key Words: CFB; thermodynamic calculations; Gas cooled screen; The Cyclone Separator; superheater unit