道路工程专业术语中英对照
公路工程专业词汇翻译(汉英).
公路highway道路road公路工程highway engineering公路网highway network公路网密度highway density公路等级highway classification公路自然区划climatic zoning for highway公路用地highway right-of-way高速公路freeway等级公路classified highway辅导relief road干线公路arterial highway支线公路feeder highway专用公路accomodation highway国家干线公路(国道) national trunk highway省级干线公路(省道) provincial trunk highway县公路(县道) county road乡公路(乡道) township road辐射式公路radial highway环形公路ring highway绕行公路bypass交通结构traffic structure交通组成traffic composition混合交通mixed traffic交通流traffic flow交通流理论traffic flow theory车流vehicle stream交通密度traffic density车头间距space headway车头时距time headway车间净距vehicular gap延误delay地点速度spot speed行驶速度running speed运行速度poerating speed临界速度critical speed平均速度average speed计算行车速度(设计车速) design speed交通量traffic volume年平均日交通量annual average daily traffic月平均日交通量monthly average daily traffic 年第30位最大小时交通量thirtieth highest annualhourly volume年最大小时交通量maximum annual hourly设计小时交通量design hourly volume通行能力traffic capacity基本通行能力basic traffic capacity可能通行能力possible traffic capacity设计通行能力design traffic capacity 道路服务水平level of service公路交通规划traffic planning交通调查traffic survey交通量调查traffic volume survey交通量观测站traffic volume observationstation起迄点调查(OD调查) origin-destination study出行trip境内交通local traffic过境交通through traffic交通发生traffic generation交通分布traffic distribution交通分配traffic assignment交通预测traffic prognosis行车道carriageway分离式行车道divided carriageway车道lane变速车道speed-change lane加速车道acceleration lane减速车道deceleration lane爬坡车道climbing lane停车道parking lane错车道turn-out lane自行车道cycle path路侧人行道sidewalk分隔带lane seperator中央分隔带median divider中间带central strip路肩shoulder;verge路缘带marginal strip路缘石kerb;curb侧向余宽lateral clearance路拱camber;crown路拱横坡crown slope公路建筑限界clearance of highway公路路线highway route公路线形highway alignment平面线形horizontal alignment纵面线形vertical alignment线形要素alignment elements平曲线horizontal curve极限最小平曲线半径limited minimum radius ofhorizontal curve复曲线compound curve反向曲线reverse curve断背曲线broken-back curve回头曲线switch-back curve缓和曲线transition curve竖曲线vertical curve弯道加宽curve widening加宽缓和段transition zone of curve超高superelevation超高缓和段supere levation runoff纵坡longitudinal gradient最大纵坡maximum longitudinal gradient 最小纵坡minimum ongitudinal gradient 变坡点grade change point平均纵坡average gradiant坡长限制grade length limitation高原纵坡拆减highland grade compensation 缓和坡段transition grading zone合成坡度resultant gradent视距sight distance停车视距non-passing sight distance;stopping sight distance超车视距passing sight distance道路交叉road intersection;道口railroad grade crossing平面交叉at-grade intersection ;grade crossing 正交叉right-angle intersection斜交叉skew intersection环形交叉rotary intersection十字形交叉“+”intersectionT形交叉T intersection错位交叉offset intersection;staggered junction Y形交叉Y intersection立体交叉grade separation分离式立体交叉simple grade separation,separategrade crossing互通式立体交叉interchange首蓿叶形立体交叉full cloverleaf interchange部分首蓿叶形立体交叉cloverleaf interchange菱形立体交叉diamond interchange定向式立体交叉directional interchange喇叭形立体交叉three-leg interchange环形立体交叉rotary interchange匝道ramp交叉口road crossing; intersection交叉口进口intersection entrance交叉口出口intersection exit加铺转角式交叉口intersection with widenedcorners拓宽路口式交叉口flared intersection分道转弯式交叉口channelized intersection渠化交通channelization交织weaving交织路段weaving section合流converging分流diverging冲突点conflict point 交通岛traffic island导流岛channe lization island中心岛central island安全岛refuge island沿线设施roadside facilities交通安全设施traffic safety device人行横道crosswalk人形地道pedestrian underpass人形天桥pedestrian overcrossing 护栏guard fence防护栅guard fence,safety barrier 遮光栅anti-dizzling screen应急电话emergency telephone反光标志reflective sign反光路钮reflective button弯道反光镜traffic mirror道路交通标志road traffic sign警告标志warning sign禁令标志regulatory sign指示标志guide sign指路标志information sign辅助标志auxiliary sign可变信息标志changeable message sign 路面标线pavement marking防雪设施snow protection facilities 防沙设施sands protection facilities 隔音墙acoustic barrier停车场parking area踏勘reconnaissance可行性研究feasibility study线形设计highway alignment design 公路景观设计highway landscape design 选线route selection路线控制点control point定线location比较线alternative line展线line development初测preliminary survey定测location survey地貌topographie fcature地物culture地形topography台地terrace垭口pass; saddle back平原区plain terrain微丘区rolling terrain重丘区hilly terrain山岭区mountainous terrain沿溪线valley line山脊线ridge line山坡线hill-side line越岭线ridge crossing line土方调配cut-fill transition土方调配图cut-fill transition program土方调配经济运距economical hauling distance导线traverse导线测量traverse survey中线center line中线测量center line survey施工测量construction survey竣工测量final survey(路线)平面图plan交点intersection point虚交点imaginary intersection point转点turning point转角intersection angle方位角azimuth angle象限角bearing方向角direction angle切线长tangent length曲线长curve length外（矢）距external secant测站instrument station测点observation point中桩center stake加桩additional stake护桩reference stake断链broken chainage水准测量levelling survey水准点bench mark绝对基面absolute datum高程elevation地面高程ground elevation设计高程designed elevation(路线)纵断面图profile中桩填挖高度cut and fill at center stake地形测量topographic survey基线base line地形图topographic map等高线contour line横断面测量cross-sectional survey横断面图cross-section坑探pit test钻探boring摄影测量photogrammetry航空摄影测量aerial photogrammetry地面立体摄影测量ground stereophoto grammetry 地面控制点测量ground control-point survey 航摄基线aerophoto base影像地图photographic map像片索引图(镶辑复照图) photo index航摄像片判读aerophoto interpretation 综合法测图planimatric photo全能法测图universal photo微分法测图differential photo像片镶嵌图photo mosaic路基subgrade路堤embankment路堑cutting半填半挖式路基part cut-partfill subgrade 台口式路基benched subgrade路基宽度width of subgrade路基设计高程design elevation of subgrade （路基）最小填土高度minimum height of fill边坡side slope边坡坡度grade of side slope（边）坡顶top of slope（边）坡脚toe of slope护坡道berm边坡平台plain stage of slope碎落台berm at the foot of cutting slope 护坡slope protection挡土墙retaining wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall横重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall 悬臂式挡土墙cantilever retaining wall扶壁式挡土墙counterfort retaining wall柱板式挡土墙column-plate retaining wall 锚杆式挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods 锚碇板式挡土墙anchored bulkhead retaining wall 石笼rock filled gabion抛石riprap路基排水subgrade drainage边沟side ditch截水沟intercepting ditch排水沟drainage ditch急流槽chute跌水drop water蒸发池evaporation pond盲沟blind drain渗水井seepage well透水路堤permeable embankment过水路面ford填方fill挖方cut借土borrow earth弃土waste取土坑borrow pit弃土堆waste bank回填土back-filling黄土loess软土soft soil淤泥mud泥沼moor泥炭peat盐渍土salty soil膨胀土expansive soil冻土frozen soil流砂quicksand软弱地基soft ground强夯法dynamic consolidation预压法preloading method反压护道loading berm砂井sand drain路基沙垫层sand mat of subgrade压实compaction压实度degree of compaction(标准)最大干容重maximum dry unit weight相对密实度relative density毛细水capillary water土石方爆破blasting crater抛掷爆破blasting for throwing rock爆破漏斗blasting crater松动爆破blasting for loosening rock爆破作用圈acting cire les of blasting路面pavement弹性层状体系理论elastic multilayer theory(回弹)弯沉deflection加州承载比(CBR) California bearing ratio(CBR) 路面宽度width of pavement路槽road trough刚性路面rigid pavement柔性路面flexible pavement路面结构层pavement structure layer面层surface course磨耗层wearing course联结层binder course基层base course垫层bed course隔水层aquitard隔温层thermal insulating course封层seal coat透层prime coat保护层protection course补强层streng thening layer高级路面high type pavement 次高级路面sub-high type pavement中级路面intermediate type pavement 低级路面low type pavement水泥混凝土路面cement concrete pavement沥青路面bituminous pavement沥青混凝土路面bituminous concrete pavement 沥青碎石路面bituminous macadam pavement 沥青贯入碎(砾)石路面bituminous penetrationpavement沥青表面处治bituminous surface treatment 块料路面block pavement石块路面stone block pavement泥结碎石路面clay-bound macadam pavement 水结碎石路面water-bound macadam pavement 级配路面graded aggregate pavement稳定土基层stabilized soil base course工业废渣基层industrial waste base course块石基层telford base层铺法spreading in layers拌和法mixing method厂拌法plant mixing method路拌法road mixing method热拌法hot mixing method冷拌法cold mixing method贯入法penetration method铺砌法pitching method缩缝contraction joint胀缝expansion joint真缝true joint假缝dummy joint横缝transverse joint纵缝longitudinal joint施工缝construction joint传力杆dowel bar拉杆tie bar路面平整度surface evenness路面粗糙度surface roughness路面摩擦系数friction coefficient of pavement 附着力adhesive force水滑现象hydroplaning phenomenon桥梁bridge公路桥highway bridge公铁两用桥highway and rail transit bridge 人形桥pedestrian bridge跨线桥overpass bridge高架桥viaduct永久性桥permanent bridge半永久性桥semi-permanent bridge临时性桥temporary bridge钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥prestressed concrete bridge钢桥steel bridge圬工桥masonry bridge木桥timber bridge正交桥right bridge斜交桥skew bridge弯桥curved bridge坡桥bridge on slope斜桥skew bridge正桥right bridge上承式桥deck bridge中承式桥half-through bridge下承式桥through bridge梁桥beam bridge简支梁桥simple supported team bridge 连续梁桥continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge联合梁桥composite beam bridge板桥slab bridge拱桥arch bridge双曲拱桥two-way curved arch bridge空腹拱桥open spandrel arch bridge实腹拱桥filled spandrel arch bridge系杆拱桥bowstring arch bridge桁架桥truss bridge钢构桥rigid frame bridgeT形钢构桥T-shaped rigid frame bridge连续钢构桥continuous rigid frame bridge 斜腿钢构桥rigid frame bridge with inclinedlegs斜拉桥(斜张桥) cable stayed bridge悬索桥suspension bridge漫水桥submersible bridge浮桥pontoon bridge开启桥movable bridge装配式桥fabricated bridge装拆式钢桥fabricated steel bridge涵洞culvert管涵pipe culvert拱涵arch culvert箱涵box culvert盖板涵slab culvert无压力式涵洞non-pressure culvert压力式涵洞pressure culvert半压力式涵洞partial pressure culvert倒虹吸涵siphon culvert上部结构superstructure主梁main beam 横梁floor beam纵梁longitudinal beam,stringer挂梁suspended beam拱圈arch,ring拱上结构spandrel structure腹拱spandrel arch拱上侧墙spandrel wall桥面系floor system,bridge decking桥面铺装bridge deck pavement伸缩缝expansion and contraction joint 桥面伸缩装置bridge floor expansion andcontraction installation安全带afety belt桥头搭板transition slab at bridge head下部结构substructure桥墩pier墩身pier body墩帽coping盖梁bent cap破冰体ice apron重力式桥墩gravity pier实体桥墩solid pier空心桥墩hollow pier柱式桥墩column pier排架桩墩pile bent pier柔性墩flexible pier制动墩braking pier单向推力墩single direction thrusted pier桥台abutment台身abutment body前墙front wall翼墙wing walls台帽coping锥坡conical slope耳墙wing wallsU形桥台U-shaped abutment八字形桥台flare wing wall abutment一字形桥台head wall abutment,straight abutment 重力式桥台gravity abutment埋置式桥台buried abutment扶壁式桥台counterforted abutment锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkhead abutment 支撑式桥台supported type abutment地基subsoil加固地基consolidated subsoil天然地基natural subsoil基础foundation扩大基础spread foundation沉井基础open caission foundation管柱基础cylindrical shaft foundation桩基础pile poundation桩pile预制桩precast pile就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile摩擦桩friction pile支承桩bearing pile承台bearing platform支座bearing固定支座fixed bearing活动支座expansion bearing索塔cable bent tower索鞍cable saddle调治构造物regulating structure丁坝spur dike顺坝longitudinal dam桥位bridge site桥梁全长total length of bridge主桥main bridge引桥approach span跨径span桥涵计算跨径computed span桥涵净跨径clear span矢跨比rise span ratio计算矢高calculated rise of arch桥下净空clearance of span桥面净空clearance above bridge floor桥梁建筑高度construction height of bridge 荷载load永久荷载permanent load可变荷载variable load偶然荷载accidental load荷载组合loading combinations车辆荷载标准loading standard for design vchicle 设计荷载design load施工荷载construction load梁beam简支梁simple-supported beam连续梁continuous beam悬臂梁cantilever beam板slab拱arch桁架truss刚构rigid frame柱column强度strength刚度stiffness ,rigidity抗裂度crack resistance稳定性stability 位移displacement变形deformation挠度deflection预拱度camber流域catchment basin集水面积runoff area径流runoff水文测验hydrological survey河床river bed河槽river channel主槽main channel边滩side shoal河滩rlood land河床宽度bed width河槽宽度channel width过水断面discharge section水位water level最高(或最低)水位maximum(minimum)water level 通航水位navigable water level设计水位design water level水面比降water surface slope河床比降gradient of river bed湿周weffed perimeter糙率coefficient of roughuess水力半径hydraulic radius水文计算hydrological computation设计流量designed discharge设计流速designed flow velocity行近流速approach velocity洪水调查floor survey洪水频率floor frequency设计洪水频率designed flood frequency潮汐河流tidal river悬移质suspended load推移质bed material load水力计算hydraulic computation水头water head冲刷scour桥下一般冲刷general scour under bridge桥墩(或墩台)局部冲刷local scour near pier自然演变冲刷natural scour冲刷系数coefficient of scouring淤积silting壅水back water流冰ice drift先张法pretensioning method后张法post-tensioning method缆索吊装法erection with cableway悬臂拼装法erection by protrusion悬臂浇筑法cast-in-place cantilever mathod 移动支架逐跨施工法span by span method纵向拖拉法erection by longtitudinal pullingmethod顶推法incremental launching method 转体架桥法construction by swing浮运架桥法erecting by floating顶入法jack-in method围堰cofferdam护筒pile casing隧道tunnel洞门tunnel portal衬砌tunnel lining明洞open cut tunnel围岩surrounding rork隧道建筑限界structural approach limit of runnels 明挖法open cut method矿山法mine tunnelling method盾构法shield tunneling method沉埋法(沉管法) lmmersed tunnel导坑heading隧道支撑tunnel support构件支撑element support喷锚支护lock bolt support with shotcrete 隧道通风tunnel ventilation隧道照明tunnel lighting养护maintenance定期养护periodical maintenance巡回养护patrol maintenance大中修周期maintenance period小修保养routine maintenance中修intermediate maintenance大修heavy maintenance改善工程road inprovement抢修emergency repair of road加固strengthening of structure回砂sand sweeping罩面overlay of pavement路面翻修pavement recapping路向补强pavement strengthening车辙rutting路面搓板surface corrugation路面网裂net-shaped cracking路面龟裂alligator cracking路面碎裂pavement spalling反射裂缝reflection crack路面坑槽pot holes路面冻胀surface frost heave路面沉陷pavement depression 路面滑溜surface slipperiness露骨suiface angularity啃边edge failure泛油bleeding拥包upheaval拱胀blow up错台faulting of slab ends错位slab staggering滑坡slide坍方land slide崩塌collapse碎落debris avalanche沉降settlement沉陷subsidence泥石流mud avalanche(振动)液化liquefaction翻浆frost boiling岩溶karst沙害sand hazard雪害snow hazard水毁washout好路率rate of good road养护质量综合值general tating of maintenancequality路容road appearance路况road condition路况调查road condition survey路政管理rlad administration民工建勤civilian labourers working onpublic project养路费toll of road maintenance养路道班maintenance gang粒料granular material集料(骨料) aggregate矿料mineral aggregate矿粉mineral powder砂sand砾石gravel砂砾sand gravel卵石cobble stone碎石broken stone,crushed stone片石rubble块石block stone料石dressed stone石屑chip工业废渣industrial solid waste结合料binder有机结合料organic binding agent沥青bitumen地沥青asphalt天然沥青natural asphalt石油沥青petroleum asphalt煤沥青coal tar乳化沥青emulsified bitumen氧化沥青oxidized asphalt路用沥青road bitumen无机结合料inorganic binding agent粉煤灰fly ash混合料mixture沥青混合料bituminous mixture沥青混凝土混合料bituminous concrete mixture 沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadam mixture 沥青砂asphalt sand沥青膏asphalt mastic水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆lime mortar水泥混凝土混合料cement concrete mixture水泥混凝土cement concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete预应力(钢筋)混凝土prestressed concrete早强混凝土early strength concrete干硬性混凝土dry concrete贫混凝土lean concrete轻质混凝土light-wehght concrete纤维混凝土fibrous concrete外掺剂admixture减水剂water reducing agent加气剂air entraining agent早强剂early strength agent缓凝剂retarder钢筋steel bar预应力钢材prestressing steel高强钢丝high tensile steel wire钢铰线stranded steel wire冷拉钢筋cold-stretched steel bar冷拔钢丝cold-drawn steel wire高强螺栓high strength bolt空隙率porosity孔隙比void ratio粒径grain size颗粒组成grain composition细度fineness筛分sieve analysis级配gradation级配曲线grading curve最佳级配optimum gradation含水量water content最佳含水量optimum water content稠度界限consistency limit 液限liquid limit塑限plastic limit缩限shrinkage limit塑性指数plasticity index水泥标号cement mark水泥混凝土标号cement concrete mark水泥混凝土配合比proportioning of cement concrete 水灰比water cement ratio和易性workabillty坍落度slump硬化hardening水硬性hydraulicity气硬性air hardening离析segregation徐变creep老化ageing(沥青)稠度consistency (of bitumen)针入度penetration粘(滞)度viscosity软化点softening point延度ductility闪点flash point溶解度dissolubility热稳性hot stability水稳性water stability油石化asphalt-aggregate ratio含油率bitumen content压碎率rate of crushing磨耗率abrasiveness弹性模量modulus of elasticity回弹模量modulus of resilience劲度(模量) stiffness modulus模量比modulus ratio泊松比poisson’s ratio疲劳试验fatigue test劈裂试验splitting test三轴试验triaxial test击实试验compaction test触探试验cone penetration test弯沉试验deflection test环道试验circular track test承载板试验loading plate test透水性试验perviousness test车辙试验wheel tracking test马歇尔试验Marshall stability test压实度试验compactness test铺砂法sand patch method硬练胶砂强度试验earth-dry mortar strength –test 软练胶砂强度试验plastic mortar strength-test(水泥)安定性试验soundness test(of cement)击实仪compaction test equipment长杆贯入仪penetration test equipment承载板loading plate杠杆完沉仪beam lever deflectometer路面曲率半径测定仪surface-curvature apparatus路面平整度测定仪viameter路面透水度测定仪surface permeameter五轮仪fifth-wheel tester制动仪skiddometer速度检测器speed detector万能试验机universal testing machine三轴(剪切)仪triaxial shear ratiotester加州承载比(CBR)测定仪California bearingratiotester标准筛standard sieves(沥青)针入度仪penetrometer(沥青)粘度仪viscosimeter(沥青)延度仪ductilometer(沥青)软化点仪(环-球法)softening pointtester(ringball method)闪点仪(开口杯式) flash point tester(open cupmethod)马歇尔稳定度仪Marshall stability apparatus (沥青混合料)抽提机bitumen extractor砂浆稠度仪mortar penetration tester坍落度圆锥筒slump cone标准工业粘度计standard concrete consistometer 饱和面干吸水率试模saturated-surface-duiedmoisture retention tester撞击韧度试验机impact toughness machine圆盘耐磨硬度试验机wear hardness machine狄法尔磨耗试验机Deval abrasion testing machine 洛杉矶磨耗试验机Los Angeles abrasiontestingmachine压碎率试模crushing strength tester单斗挖掘机single-bucket excavator推土机bulldozer除根机rootdozer铲运机scraper平地机grader挖沟机trencher耕耘机cultivator松土机ripper松土搅拌机pulvi-mixer稳定土拌和机stabilizer凿岩机rock breaker碎石机stone crusher碎石撒布机stone spreader装载机loader 羊足压路机sheep-foot roller手扶式单轮压路机walk behind single drum蛙式打夯机frog rammer内燃夯实机internal comtustion compactor 铁夯(铁撞柱) tamping iron压路机roller振动压路机vibratory roller沥青加热器asphalt heater沥青泵asphalt pump沥青洒布机asphalt sprayer沥青洒布车asphalt distributor沥青混合料拌和设备asphalt mixing plant沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt paver散装水泥运输车cement deliver truck水泥混凝土混合料拌和设备concrete mixing plant (水泥混凝土混合料)搅拌运输车concrete delivertruck水泥混凝土混合料摊铺机concrete paver振捣器concrete vibrator水泥混凝土混合料整面机concrete finisher真空泵vacuum pump水泥混凝土路面切缝机concrete joint cutter水泥混凝土路面锯缝机concrete saw水泥混凝土路面清缝机concrete joint cleaner水泥混凝土路面填缝机concrete joint sealer水泵pump泥浆泵mud pump张拉钢筋油泵prestressed steel bar drawing oil pump 砂浆泵mortar pump水泥混凝土混合料泵concrete pump钢筋切断机bar shear钢筋冷轧机cold-rolling mill钢筋冷拉机steel stretcher钢筋冷拔机steel bar cold-extrudingmachine钢筋冷镦机steel bar heading press machine 钢筋拉伸机steel extension machine钢筋弯曲机steel bar bender钢筋调直机steel straighten machine对焊机butt welder钻孔机boring machine打桩机pile driver拔桩机pile extractor千斤顶jack张拉预应力钢筋千斤顶prestressed steel bar drawingjack手拉葫芦chain block起重葫芦hoisting block卷扬机hoister缆索吊装设备cableway erecting equipment起重机crane架桥机bridge erection equipment砂筒sand cylinder盾构shield全气压盾构compressed air shield半盾构roof shield隧道掘进机tunnel boring machine全断面隧道掘进机tunnel boring machine for fullcection喷枪shotcrete equipment装碴机mucker盾构千斤顶main jack拉合千斤顶pull-in jacks复拌沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt remixer路面铣削机pavemill回砂车sand sweeping equipment除雪机snow plough装雪机snow loader洗净剂喷布车detergent spray truck清扫车sweeper洒水车water truck划标线机line maker振动筛vibrating screen撒布机spreader输送机conveyer提升机elevator翻斗车dump-body car自卸汽车dumping wagon牵引车tow truck拖车头tractor truck挂车trailer平板车flat truck工程车shop truck万能杆件fabricated universal steel members 交通规划traffic rules交通事故traffic accident交通事故率traffic accident rate人口事故率population accident rate车辆事故率vehicle accident rate运行事故率operating accident rate交通控制traffic control中央控制台central control unit点控制spot control线控制line control面控制area control交通信号traffic signal交通信号灯traffic signal lamp信号周期signal cycle绿信比split ratio 信号相位signal phase相位差phase difference 绿波green wave交通监视系统traffic surveillance 交通公害vehicular pollution。
道路工程术语标准中英文对照
空间平均速度space mean speed在给定的时间内，在某一路段上所有车辆单位时间行驶距离的平均值。
经济车速economic speed汽车行驶中消耗燃料最节省的速度。
自由车速free-flow speed不受其它车辆影响的条件下，驾驶人员按自己的能力所及选择的行驶速度。
交通量traffic volume在单位时间内通过道路某一断面的通行单元(车辆或行人)数。
通常专指车辆数。
年平均日交通量annual average daily traffic全年的日交通量观测结果的平均值。
月平均日交通量monthly average daily traffic全月的日交通量观测结果的平均值。
位最大小时交通量thirtieth highest annual hourly volume将一年内所有小时交通量，按从大到小的顺序排列，位的小时交通量。
年最大小时交通量maximumannualhourlyvolume一年内所有小时交通量中的最大值。
高峰小时交通量peak hourly volume一定时间内(通常指一日或上午、下午)出现的最大小时交通量。
设计小时交通量design hourly volume根据交通量预测所选定的作为道路设计依据的小时交通量。
通行能力traffic capacity在一定的道路和交通条件下，道路上某一路段单位时间内通过某一断面的最大车辆数。
基本通行能力basic trsffic capacity在理想的道路和交通条件下，一个车道或一条道路某一路段的通行能力。
可能通行能力possible traffic capacity在现实的道路和交通条件下，一个车道或一条道路某一路段的通行能力。
设计通行能力design traffic capacity道路交通的运行状态保持在某一设计的服务水平时，道路上某一路段的通行能力。
道路服务水平level of service主要以道路上的运行速度和交通量与可能通行能力之比综合反映道路的服务质量。
道路工程专业术语
道路工程专业术语way，road——路，道路street ——街道road，high way ——道路，公路road with limited access——控制出入道路motorway，freeway，superhighway(USA)，expressway ——高速公路，汽车（专用）路road network——道路网by-pass ——过境公路cross-town link——穿城公路ring road ——环路pedestrian underpass——人行地道single carriageway——单幅公路road with 2，3，4 lanes——2，3或4车道公路road with 2，3，4 separate carrageways ——2，3或4幅车行道的公路one-way street——单行街道cul-de-sac，dead end (USA)——尽头路through road——直达道路service road，frontage road（USA）——服务性道路，辅道major road ——主要道路primary distributor road ——主要支线道路local distributor road ——地区支线道路estate road ——小区道路rural road ——乡村道路urban road ——城市道路mountain road ——山区道路forestry road ——林区道路rural motorway ——乡区高速公路，乡区汽车（专用）路motorway with tolls ——收费高速公路，收费汽车（专用）路trunk road ——干线公路bridle path ——马道桥梁 bridge公路干道 highway工程工程学 engineering公路工程 highway engineering路基 roadbase路面 pavement构造物建造构成制造 construct施工（名） construction试验室 laboratory现场检测 field test（名）试验检验（不）进行试验 experiment试验检测测量 test质量上流社会的 quality合格，取得资格 qualify材料 material沥青柏油以沥青铺（一般指沥青路）asphalt 沥青（指原材料） bitumen沥青的 bituminous沥青混合料 bituminous mixture混凝土 concrete钢筋混凝土 RC (reinforced concrete)信誉信用贷款 credit进度快慢 tempo计划 plan评定 evaluation检查（名）检验 inspection标准水准规格标准的合格的 standard技术性的工业的 technical技术技巧技术的工艺的专门的 technic水泥 cement碎石路碎石路 macadam砂砾碎石砂砾层 gravel钢筋 reinforcing steel bar或reinfored steel 石石头石场石的石制的 stone检查员 inspector测量（名） measuring测量（及）检测（及）勘测测绘（名）survey设备仪器装置 device申请 application铺路工人 paver经理 manager加强 reinforce（被加强的 reinforced ）sign 签字署名通知list 表名册目录列举tabulation 制表列表表格mapping 绘图制图camera 照相机photo 照片给。
公路工程专用词汇
道路工程英文翻译术语abrasiveness 磨耗度absolute datum 绝对基面abutment 桥台abutment pier 制动墩acceleration lane 力口速车道accidental load 偶然荷载accommodation lane 专用车道acoustic barrier 隔音墙acting circles of blasting 爆破作用additional stake 力口桩adjacent curve in one direction 同向曲线admixture外加剂admixture反坡安全线aerial photogrammetry 航空摄影测量aerophoto base 航摄基线aerophoto interpretation 航摄像片判读ageing老化aggregate集料（骨料）air hardining 气硬性alignment design （城市道路）平面设计，线形设计alignment element 线形要素alligator cracking 路面龟裂allowable rebound deflection 容许（回弹）弯沉alternative line 比较线anchored bulkhead abutment 锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkhead abutment 锚锭板式挡土墙anchored retaining wall 锚杆式挡土墙anionic emulsified bitumen 阴离子乳化沥青annual ** * erage daily traffic 年平均日交通量anti—creep heap （厂矿道路）挡车堆anti—dizzling screen 防炫屏（遮光栅）antiskid heap （厂矿道路）防滑堆approach span 弓|桥aquitard隔水层arch bridge 拱桥arch culvert 拱涵arch ring 拱arterial highway 干线公路arterial road （厂内）主干道，（城市）主干路asphalt distributor 沥青洒布车asphalt mixing plant沥青混合料拌和设备asphalt remixer沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt remixer复拌沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt sand 沥青砂asphalt sprayer沥青洒布机asphaltic bitumen 地沥青at—grade intersection 平面交叉auxiliary lane 附加车道* * * erage consistency (of soil) 土的)平均稠度***erage gradient 平均纵坡aximuth angle 方位角balance weight retaining wall 衡重式挡土墙base course 基层base line 基线basic traffic capacity 基本通行能力beam bridge 梁桥beam level deflectometer 杠杆弯沉仪bearing 支座bearing angle 象限角bearing pile 支承桩bearing platform 承台bed course 垫层bench mark水准点benched subgrade 台□式路基bending strength 抗弯强度Benkelman beam杠杆弯沉仪（贝克曼弯沉仪）bent cap 盖梁berm护坡道binder结合料binder course 联结层bitumen 沥青bitumen （沥青混合料）抽提仪bitumen —aggregate ratio 油石比bituminous concrete p***ement 沥青混凝土混合料bituminous concrete mixture 沥青混凝土路面bituminous concrete moxture 沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadam p***ement 沥青碎石路面bituminous moxture 沥青混合料bituminous p***ement 沥青路面bituminous penetration p***ement 沥青贯入式路面biuminous surface treatment （沥青）表面处治blasting crater 爆破漏斗blastion for loosening rock 松动爆破blasting for throwing rock 抛掷爆破blasting procedure 土石方爆破bleeding 泛油blind ditch 盲沟blind drain 盲沟block pavement 块料路面block stone 块石blow up拱胀boring钻探boring log （道路）地质柱状图boring machine 钻孑1机borrow earth 借土borrow pit 取土坑boundary frame on crossing 道口限界架boundary frame on road 道路限界架boundary line of road construction 道路建筑限界bowstring arch bridge 系杆拱桥box culvert 箱涵branch pipe of inlet 雨水口支管branch road （城市）支路，（厂内）支道bridge桥梁bridge decking 桥面系bridge deck p* ** ement 桥面铺装bridge floor expantion and contraction installation traction installation桥面伸缩装置bridge gerder erection equpment 架桥机bridge on slope 坡桥bridge site 桥位bridle road 驮道broken chainage 断链broken stone 碎石broken back curve 断背曲线buried abutment埋置式桥台bus bay公交（车辆）停靠站bypass绕行公路cable bent tower 索塔cable saddle 索鞍cable stayed bridge 斜拉桥（斜张桥）Cableway erecting equipment 缆索吊装设备California bearing ratio （CBR）加州承载比（CBR）California bearing ratio tester 加州承载比（CBR）测定仪camber cruve路拱曲线cantilever beam bridge 悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge 悬臂式挡土墙capacity of intersection 交叉口通行能力capacity of network路网通行能力capillary water 毛细水carriage way 车行道（行车道）cast—in—place cantilever method 悬臂浇筑法cationic emulsified bitumen 阳离子乳化沥青cattle—pass畜力车道cement concrete 水泥混凝土cemint concrete p***ement 水泥混凝土混合料cement concrete p * * * ement 水泥混凝土路面center—island 中心岛center lane中间车道center line of raod 道路中线center line survey 中线测量center stake 中桩central reserve 分隔带channelization 渠化交通shannelization island 导流岛channelized intrersection 分道转弯式交叉口chip石屑chute急流槽circular curve 圆曲线circular curve 环路circular test环道试验city road城市道路civil engineering fabric 土工织物classified highway 等级公路classified highway 等级道路clay—bound macadam泥结碎石路面clearance 净空clearance above bridge floor 桥面净空clearce of span 桥下净空climatic zoning for highway 公路自然区划climbing lane爬坡车道cloverleaf interchange苜蓿叶形立体交叉coal tar煤沥青cobble stone 卵石coefficient of scouring 冲刷系数cohesive soil 粘性土cold laid method 冷铺法cold mixing method 冷拌法cold—stretched steel bar 冷拉钢筋column pier 柱式墩combination-type road system 混合式道路系统compaction 压实compaction test 击实试验compaction test apparatus 击实仪compactmess test压实度试验composite beam bridge 联合梁桥composite pipe line综合管道（综合管廊）compound curve 复曲线conc***e vertical curve 凹形竖曲线concrete joint cleaner （水泥混凝土）路面清缝机concrete joint sealer （水泥混凝土）路面填缝机concrete mixing plant水泥混凝土（混合料）拌和设备concrete p***er水泥混凝土（混合料）摊铺机concrete pump水泥混凝土（混合料）泵concrete saw （水泥混凝土）路面锯缝机附录英汉术语对照索引cone penetrantion test 触探试验onflict point 冲突点conical slope 锥坡consistency limit （of soil）（土的）稠度界限consolidated subsoil 力口固地基consolidation 固结construction by swing 转体架桥法construction height of bridge 桥梁建筑高度construction joint 施工缝construction load 施工荷载construction survey 施工测量continuous beam bridge 连续梁桥contourline 等高线contraction joint 缩缝control point路线控制点converging 合流convex vertining wall 凸形竖曲线corduroy road 木排道counterfout retaining wall 扶壁式挡土墙counterfort abutmen 扶壁式桥台country road乡村道路county road县公路（县道），乡道creep徐变critical speed 临界速度cross roads十字形交叉cross slope 横坡cross walk人行横道cross-sectional profile 横断面图cross—sectional survey 横断面测量crown路拱crushed stone 碎石crushing strength 压碎值culture 地物culvert 涵洞curb路缘石curb side strip 路侧带curve length 曲线长curve widening平曲线加宽curved bridge 弯桥cut挖方cut corner for sight line （路口）截角cut—fill transition 土方调配cut—fill transition 土方调配图cutting 路堑cycle path自行车道cycle track自行车道deceleration lane 减速车道deck bridge上承式桥deflection angle 偏角deflection test 弯沉试验degree of compaction 压实度delay延误density of road network 道路（网）密度edpth of tunnel 隧道埋深edsign elevation of subgrade 路基设计高程design frequency （排水）设计重现期edsign hourly volume设计小时交通量design of evevation （城市道路）竖向设计design of vertical alignment 纵断面设计design speed计算行车速度（设计车速）design traffic opacity 设计通行能力design vehicle 设计车辆design water level 设计水位desiged dldvation 设计高程designed flood frequency 设计洪水频率deslicking treatment 防滑处理Deval abrasion testion machine狄法尔磨耗试验机（双筒式磨耗试验机）diamond interchange菱形立体交叉differential photo 微分法测图direction angle 方向角directional interchange 定向式立体交叉diverging 分流dowel bar传力杆drain opening 泄水口drainage by pumping station （立体交叉）泵站排水drainage ditch 排水沟dressed stone 料石drop water 跌水dry concrtet干硬性混凝土ductility （of bitumen）（沥青）延度ductilometer （沥青）延度仪dummy joint 假缝dynamic consolidation 强夯法economic speed 经济车速econnomical hauling distance 土方调配经济运距element support 构件支撑elevation高程（标高）embankment 路堤emergency parking strip 紧急停车带emulsified bitumen 乳化沥青erecting by floating 浮运架桥法erection by longitudinal pulling method 纵向拖拉法erection by protrusion 悬臂拼装法erection with cableway 缆索吊装法evaporation pond 蒸发池expansion bearing 活动支座expansive soil 膨胀土expantion joint 胀缝expressway （城市）快速路external destance 夕卜（矢）距fabricated bridge 装配式桥fabricated steel bridge 装拆式钢桥factories and mines road 厂矿道路factory external transportation line 对外道路factory-in road 厂内道路factory—out road 厂外道路fast lane内侧车道faulting of slab ends 错台feeder highway 支线公路ferry 渡口fibrous concrete 纤维混凝土field of viaion 视野fill填方filled spandrel arch bridge 实腹拱桥final survey竣工测量fineness 细度fineness modulus 细度模数fixed bearing固定支座flare wing wall abutment 八字形桥台flared intersection 拓宽路口式交叉口flash闪点flash point tester (open cup method)闪点仪(开口杯式) flexible p * **ement 柔性路面flexible pier 柔性墩floor system 桥面系flush curb平缘石foot way人行道ford过水路面forest highway 林区公路forest road林区道路foundation 基础free style road system自由式道路系统free way高速公路free-flow speed 自由车速freeze road冻板道路freezing and thawing test 冻融试验frost boiling 翻浆frozen soil 冻土full depth asphalt p***ement 全厚式沥青（混凝土）路面function planting 功能栽植general scour under bridge opening 桥下一般冲刷geological section （道路）地质剖面图geotextile 土工织物gradation 级配gradation of stone (路用)石料等级grade change point 变坡点grade compensation 纵坡折减grade crossing 平面交叉grade length limitation 坡长限制grade of side slope 边坡坡度grade separation简单立体交叉grade—separated junction 立体交叉graded aggregate p***ement 级配路面brader平地机grain composition 颗粒组成granular material 粒料gr *** el 砾石gr *** ity pier (abutment)重力式墩、台gr***ity retaining wall 重力式挡土墙green belt绿化带gridiron road system棋盘式道路系统ground control—point survey 地面控制点测量ground elevation 地面高程ground stereophotogrammetry 地面立体摄影测量guard post 标柱guard rail 护栏guard wall 护墙gully雨水口gutter街沟（偏沟）gutter apron 平石gutter drainage 渠道排水half—through bridge 中承式桥hard shoulder 硬路肩hardening 硬化hardness 硬度haul road运材道路he* * *y maintenance 大修hectometer stake 百米桩hedge绿篱height of cut and fill at ceneter stake 中桩填挖高度high strength bolt 高强螺栓high type p * **ement 高级路面highway 公路highway landscape design 公路景观设计hill-side line山坡线（山腰线）hilly terrain 重丘区horizontal alignment 平面线形horizontal curve 平曲线hot laid method 热铺法hot mixing method 热拌法hot stability （of bitumen）（沥青）热稳性hydraulic computation 水力计算hydraulic computation 水硬性imaginary intersection point 虚交点immersed tunnelling method 沉埋法inbound traffic 入境交通incremental launching method 顶推法industrial district road 工业区道路industrial solid waste （路用）工业废渣industrial waste base course 工业废渣基层inlet雨水口inlet submerged culvert 半压力式涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert 无压力式涵洞inorganic binder无机结合料instrument station 测站intensity of rainstorm 暴雨强度intercepting detch 截水沟interchange互通式立体交叉interchange woth special bicycle track 分隔式立体交叉intermediate maintenance 中修intermediate type p***ement 中级路面intersection （平面）交叉口intersection angle 交叉角，转角intersection entrance 交叉口进口intersection exit 交叉口出口intersection plan 交叉口平面图intersection point 交点intersection with widened corners 加宽转角式交叉口jack-in method 顶入法kilometer stone 里程碑land slide 坍方lane车道lane—width车道宽度lateral clear distance of curve （平曲线）横净距lay-by紧急停车带level of service道路服务水平leveling course 整平层leveling survey 水准测量light-weight concrete 轻质混凝土lighting facilities of road 道路照明设施lime pile石灰桩line development 展线linking-up road联络线，连接道路liquid asphaltic bitumen 液体沥青liquid limit 液限living fence 绿篱load荷载loading berm反压护道lading combinations 荷载组合loading plate 承载板lading platetest承载板试验local scour near pier桥墩局部冲刷local traffic境内交通location of line 定线location survey 定测lock bolt support woth shotcrete 喷锚支护loess 黄土longitudinal beam 纵梁longitudinal gradient 纵坡longitudinal joint 纵缝loop ramp环形匝道Los Angeles abrasion testion machine 洛杉矶磨耗试验机machine （搁板式磨耗试验机）low rype p ** *ement 低级路面main beam 主梁main bridge 主桥maintenance 养护maintenance period 大中修周期manhole检查井marginal strip 路缘带marshall stability apparatus 马歇尔稳定度仪Marshall stability test 马歇尔试验masonry bridge 圬工桥maximum annual hourly volume 年最大小时交通量maximum dry unit weight （标准）最大干密度maximum longitudinal gradient 最大纵坡mine tunnelling method 矿山法mineral aggregate 矿料mineral powder 矿粉mini—roundabout 微形环交minimum height of fill （路基）最小填土高度minimum longitudinal gradient 最小纵坡minimum radius of horizontal curve 最小平曲线半径minimum turning radius 汽车最小转弯半径mixed traffic混合交通mixing method 拌和法mixture混合料model split交通方式划分modulus of elasticity 弹性模量modulus of resilience 回弹模量modulus ratio 模量比monthly ***erage daily traffic 月平均日交通量motor way高速公路mountainous terrain 山岭区movable bridge 开启桥mud淤泥multiple—leg intersection 多岔交叉mational trunk highway国家干线公路（国道）matural asphalt 天然沥青natural scour自然演变冲刷natural subsoil 天然地基n* * *igable water level 通航水位nearside lane夕卜侧车道net—shaped cracking 路面网裂New Austrian Tunnelling Method 新奥法observation point 测点one-way ramp 单向匝道open cut method 明挖法open cut tunnel 明洞open spandrel arch bridge 空腹拱桥opencast mine road 露天矿山道路operating speed 运行速度iptimum gradation 最佳级配iptimum moisture conter 最佳含水量optimum speed临界速度organic binder有机结合料origin-destination study 起迄点调查outbound traffic 出境交通outlet submerged culvert 压力式涵洞outlet inlet main road 城市出入干道overall speed区间速度overlay of p ** *ement 罩面overpass grade separation上跨铁路立体交叉overtaking lane 超车车道overtaking sight distance 超车视距paper location 纸上定线paraffin content test 含蜡量试验parent soil 原状土parking lane停车车道parking lot 停车场parking station公交（车辆）停靠站part out-part fill subgrade 半填半挖式路基pass 垭口passing bay 错车道patrol maintenance 巡回养护p** * ed crosing 道口铺面p* ** ement 路面p ** *ement pression 路面沉陷p *** ement recapping 路面翻修p *** ement slab pumping 路面板唧泥p* ** ement spalling 路面碎裂p***emengthening 路面补强p *** ement structure layer 路面结构层附录英汉术语对照索引p*** emill路面铳削机（刨路机）peak hourly volume高峰小时交通量pedestrian overcrossing 人行天桥pedestrian underpass 人行地道penetration macadam with coated chips 上拌下贯式（沥青）chips路面penetration method 贯入法penetration test apparatus 长杆贯入仪penetration （of bitumen）（沥青）针入度penetrometer （沥青）针入度仪periodical maintenance 定期养护permaf rost 多年冻土permanent load 永久荷载perviousness test 透水度试验petroleum asphaltic bitumen 石油沥青photo index像片索引图（镶辑复照图）photo mosaic像片镶嵌图photogrammetry 摄影测量photographic map 影像地图pier桥墩pile and pland retaining wall 柱板式挡土墙pile bent pier排架桩墩pile driver 打桩机pipe culvert 管涵pipe drainage管道排水pit test 坑探pitching method 铺砌法plain stage of slope 边坡平台plain terrain 平原区plan view （路线）平面图plane design （城市道路）平面设计plane sketch （道路）平面示意图planimetric photo 综合法测图plant mixing method 厂拌法plasticity index 塑限plasticity index 塑性指数poisson's ratio 泊松比polished stone value 石料磨光值pontoon bridge 浮桥porosity空隙率porotable pendulum tester 摆式仪possible traffic capacity 可能通行能力post-tensioning method 后张法pot holes路面坑槽preliminary survey 初测preloading method 预压法prestressed concrete 预应力混凝土prestressed concrete bridge 预应力混凝土桥prestresed steel bar drawing jack张拉预应力钢筋千斤顶pretensioning method 先张法prime coat 透层productive arterial road 生产干线productive branch road 生产支线profile design纵断面设计profilometer路面平整度测定仪proportioning of cement concrete 水泥混凝土配合比protection forest fire—proof road 护林防火道路provincial trunk highway 省干线公路（省道）railroad grade crossing （铁路）道口ramp匝道rebound deflection 回弹弯沉reclaimed asphalt mixture 再生沥青混合料reclaimed bituminous p***ement 再生沥青路面reconnaissance 踏勘red clay 红粘土reference stake 护桩referencion crack 反射裂缝refuge island 安全岛regulating structure 调治构造物reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete bridge 钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete p***ement 钢筋混凝土路面reinforced earth retaining wall 加筋土挡土墙relative moisture content （of soil）（土的）相对含水量relief road 辅道residential street 居住区道路resultant gradient 合成坡度retaining wall 挡土墙revelling of p***ement 路面松散reverse curve反向曲线reverse loop回头曲线ridge crossing line 越岭线ridge line山脊线right bridge 正交桥right bridge 正桥rigid frame bridge 刚构桥rigid p***ement 刚性路面rigid—type base 刚性基层ring and radial road system环形辐射式道路系统ripper 松土机riprap抛石road 道路road alignment 道路线形road appearance 路容road eara per sitizen （城市）人均道路面积road area ratio （城市）道路面积率road axis道路轴线road bed 路床road bitumen路用沥青road condition 路况road condition survey 路况调查road crossing （平面）交叉口road crossing design 交叉口设计road engineering 道路工程road feasibility study （道路工程）可行性研究road improvement 改善工程road intersection道路交叉（路线交叉）road mixing method 路拌法road netword 道路网road network planning 道路网规划road planting道路绿化road project （道路工程）方案图road trough 路槽road way 路幅rock breaker 凿岩机rock filled gabion 石笼roller压路机rolled cementoncerete碾压式水泥混凝土rolling terrain 微丘区rotary interchage环形立体交叉rotary intersection 环形交叉roundabout环形交叉route development 展线rout of road道路路线route selection 选线routine maintenance 小修保养rubble片石running speed行驶速度rural road郊区道路saddle back 垭口safety belt 安全带safety fence 防护栅salty soil 盐渍土sand 砂sanddrain (sand pile)砂井sand gr***el 砂砾sand hazard 沙害sand mat of subgrade 却F水砂垫层sand patch test 铺砂试验sand pile 砂桩sand protection facilities 防沙设施sand ratio 砂率sand sweeping 回砂sand sweeping equipment 回砂机sandy soil 砂性土saturated soil 饱和土scraper铲运机seal coat 封层secondary trunk road （厂内）次干道，（城市）次干路seepage well 渗水井segregation 离析semi-rigid type base 半刚性基层separate facilties 分隔设施separator分隔带sheep-foot roll羊足压路机（羊足碾）shelter belt 护路林shield盾构（盾构挖掘机）shield tunnelling method 盾构法shoulder 路肩shrinkage limit 缩限side ditch 边沟side slope 边坡side walk人行道sieve analysis 筛分sight distance 视距sight distance of intersection 路口视距sight line 视线sight triangle视距三角形silty soil 粉性土simple supported beam bridge 简支梁桥singl direction thrusted pier 单向推力墩single—sizeaggregat 同粒径集料siphon culvert 倒虹涵skew bridge 斜交桥skew bridge 斜桥skid road集材道路slab bridge 板桥slab culvert 盖板涵slab staggerting 错位slide滑坡slope protection 护坡slump坍落度snow hazard 雪害snow plough 除雪机snow protection facilities 防雪设施soft ground软弱地基soft soil 软土softening point tester （ring ball）（沥青）软化点议仪method （环一球法）softening point （of bitumen）沥青）软化点solubility （of bitumen）（沥青）溶解度space headway车头间距space mean speed空间平均速度span跨径span by span method移动支架逐跨施工法spandrel arch 腹拱spandrel structure 拱上结构special vehicle 特种车辆speed-change lane 变速车道splitting test 劈裂试验spot speed点速度spreading in layers 层铺法springing弹簧现象stabilizer稳定土拌和机stabilized soil base course 稳定土基层stage for heating soil and broken rock 碎落台stagered junction 错位交叉stand axial loading 标准轴截steel bridge钢筋冷墩机steel bridge 钢桥steel exention machie 钢筋拉伸机stiffness modulus 劲度stone coating test石料裹覆试验stone crusher 碎石机stone spreader碎石撒布机stopping sight distance 停车视距stopping truck heap （厂矿道路）阻车堤street街道street draianage 街道排水street planting 街道绿化street trees 行道树strengthening layer 补强层strengthening of structure 力口固stringer 纵梁striping test for aggregate 集料剥落试验structural approach limit of tunnel 隧道建筑限界sub-high type p * * * ement 次高级路面subgrade 路基subgrade drainage 路基排水submersible bridge 漫水桥subsidence 沉陷subsoil 地基substructure下部结构superelevation 超高superelevation runoff 超高缓和段superstructure 上部结构。
公路工程专用词汇
道路工程英文翻译术语abrasive ness 磨耗度absolute datum 绝对基面abutment 桥台abutme nt pier 制动墩accelerati on lane 力口速车道accide ntal load 偶然荷载accommodation lane 专用车道acoustic barrier 隔音墙act ing circles of blast ing 爆破作用圈additi onal stake 力口桩adjace nt curve in one directi on 同向曲线admixture 外加剂admixture 反坡安全线aerial photogrammetry 航空摄影测量aerophoto base 航摄基线aerophoto in terpretati on 航摄像片判读ageing老化aggregate 集料（骨料）air hardining 气硬性alignment design （城市道路）平面设计，线形设计alig nment eleme nt 线形要素alligator crack ing 路面龟裂allowable rebo und deflecti on 容许（回弹）弯沉alter native line 比较线an chored bulkhead abutme nt 锚锭板式桥台an chored bulkhead abutme nt 锚锭板式挡土墙an chored retai ning wall 宇锚杆式挡土墙an io nic emulsified bitume n 阴离子乳化沥冃annual ***erage daily traffic 年平均日交通量anti-creep heap （厂矿道路）挡车堆anti-dizzling screen 防炫屏（遮光栅）antiskid heap （厂矿道路）防滑堆approach spa n 弓I桥aquitard 隔水层arch bridge 拱桥arch culvert 拱涵arch ring 拱圈arterial highway 干线公路arterial road （厂内）主干道，（城市）主干路asphalt distributor 沥青洒布车asphalt mixi ng pla nt 沥青混合料拌和设备asphalt remixer 沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt remixer 复拌沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt sand 沥青砂asphalt sprayer 沥青洒布机asphaltic bitume n 地沥青at-grade in tersecti on 平面交叉auxiliary lane 附加车道***erage con siste ncy (of soil) 土的)平均稠度***erage gradie nt 平均纵坡aximuth an gle 方位角bala nee weight retai ning wall 衡重式挡土墙base course 基层base line 基线basic traffic capacity 基本通行能力beam bridge 梁桥beam level deflectometer 杠杆弯沉仪bearing 支座bear ing an gle 象限角bear ing pile 支承桩bear ing platform 承台bed course 垫层bench mark水准点benched subgrade 台口式路基bending stren gth 抗弯强度Benkelman beam杠杆弯沉仪（贝克曼弯沉仪）bent cap 盖梁berm护坡道binder结合料bin der course 联结层bitumen 沥青bitumen （沥青混合料）抽提仪bitume n-aggregate ratio 油石比bitu minous con crete p***eme nt 沥青混凝土混合料bitu minous con crete mixture 沥青混凝土路面bitu minous con crete moxture 沥青碎石混合料bitu minous macadam p***eme nt 沥青碎石路面bitu minous moxture 沥青混合料bitu minous p***eme nt 沥青路面bitu minous pen etrati on p***eme nt 沥青贯入式路面biu minous surface treatme nt ( 沥青）表面处治blast ing crater 爆破漏斗blastion for loosening rock 松动爆破blasti ng for throwi ng rock 抛掷爆破blasti ng procedure 土石方爆破bleedi ng 泛油bli nd ditch 盲沟bli nd drain 盲沟block pavement 块料路面block stone 块石blow up拱胀bori ng 钻探bori ng log （道路）地质柱状图bori ng machi ne 钻孑L机borrow earth 借土borrow pit 取土坑boun dary frame on cross ing 道口限界架boun dary frame on road 道路限界架boun dary line of road con structi on 道路建筑限界bowstri ng arch bridge 系杆拱桥box culvert 箱涵branch pipe of inlet 雨水口支管branch road （城市）支路，（厂内）支道bridge桥梁bridge deck ing 桥面系bridge deck p***eme nt 桥面铺装bridge floor expantion and contraction installation tracti on in stallation 桥面伸缩装置bridge gerder erecti on equpme nt 架桥机bridge on slope 坡桥bridge site 桥位bridle road 驮道broke n cha in age 断链broke n stone 碎石broke n back curve 断背曲线buried abutme nt 埋置式桥台bus bay公交（车辆）停靠站bypass绕行公路cable bent tower 索塔cable saddle 索鞍cable stayed bridge 斜拉桥（斜张桥）Cableway erect ing equipme nt capillary water 毛细水carriage way 车行道（行车道）cast- in-place can tilever method 悬臂浇筑法catio nic emulsified bitume n 卩日离子孚 L 化沥青 cattle-pass 畜力车道 ceme nt con crete 水泥混凝土 cem int con crete p***eme nt 水泥混凝土混合料缆索吊装设备California bearing ratio（CBR ） California bearing ratio testercamber cruve 路拱曲线加州承载比(CBR)加州承载比(CBR)测定仪can tilever beam bridgecan tilever beam bridgecapacity of i ntersection capacity of n etwork 悬臂梁桥悬臂式挡土墙交叉口通行能力路网通行能力ceme nt con crete p***eme nt 水泥混凝土路面cen ter-isla nd 中心岛cen ter lane 中间车道cen ter line of raod 道路中线cen ter line survey 中线测量center stake 中桩cen tral reserve 分隔带cha nn elizati on 渠化交通sha nn elizati on isla nd 导流岛cha nn elized in trersectio n 分道转弯式交叉口chip石屑chute急流槽circular curve 圆曲线circular curve 环路circular test 环道试验city road 城市道路civil engin eeri ng fabric 土工织物classified highway 等级公路classified highway 等级道路clay-bound macadam泥结碎石路面cleara nee 净空cleara nee above bridge floor 桥面净空clearce of spa n 桥下净空climatic zoning for highway 公路自然区戈U climbi ng lane 爬坡车道cloverleaf in tercha nge 苜蓿叶形立体交叉coal tar 煤沥青cobble stone 卵石coefficie nt of scouri ng 冲刷系数cohesive soil 粘性土cold laid method 冷铺法cold mixi ng method 冷拌法cold-stretched steel bar 冷拉钢筋column pier 柱式墩comb in ati on-type road system 混合式道路系统compaction 压实compacti on test 击实试验compacti on test apparatus 击实仪compactmess test 压实度试验composite beam bridge 联合梁桥composite pipe line 综合管道（综合管廊）compound curve 复曲线con c***e vertical curve 凹形竖曲线con crete joint clea ner ( 水泥混凝土）路面清缝机concrete joint sealer （水泥混凝土）路面填缝机concrete mixing plant 水泥混凝土（混合料）拌和设备concrete p***er 水泥混凝土（混合料）摊铺机concrete pump 水泥混凝土（混合料）泵concrete saw （水泥混凝土）路面锯缝机附录英汉术语对照索引cone pen etra ntio n test 触探试验on flict point 冲突点coni cal slope 锥坡con siste ncy limit （of soil）（土的）稠度界限con solidated subsoil 力口固地基con solidati on 固结con structi on by swing 转体架桥法con structi on height of bridge 桥梁建筑高度con structi on joint 施工缝con structi on load 施工荷载con structi on survey 施工测量continu ous beam bridge 连续梁桥con tourli ne 等高线con tracti on joint 缩缝con trol poi nt 路线控制点converging 合流convex vert ining wall 凸形竖曲线corduroy road 木排道coun terfout retai ning wall 扶壁式挡土墙coun terfort abutme n 扶壁式桥台country road 乡村道路county road 县公路（县道），乡道creep徐变critical speed 临界速度cross roads 十字形交叉cross slope 横坡cross walk 人行横道cross-secti onal profile 横断面图cross-secti onal survey 横断面测量crow n路拱crushed stone 碎石crush ing stre ngth 压碎值culture 地物culvert 涵洞curb路缘石curb side strip 路侧带curve len gth 曲线长curve wide ning 平曲线加宽curved bridge 弯桥cut挖方cut corner for sight line （路口）截角cut-fill tran siti on 土方调配cut-fill tran siti on 土方调配图cutt ing 路堑cycle path 自行车道cycle track 自行车道deceleratio n lane 减速车道deck bridge 上承式桥deflecti on an gle 偏角deflection test 弯沉试验degree of compacti on 压实度delay 延误den sity of road network 道路（网）密度edpth of tunnel 隧道埋深edsig n elevati on of subgrade 路基设计高程design frequency （排水）设计重现期edsig n hourly volume 设计小时交通量design of evevation （城市道路）竖向设计desig n of vertical alig nment 纵断面设计design speed 计算行车速度（设计车速）desig n traffic capacity 设计通行能力desig n vehicle 设计车辆desig n water level 设计水位desiged dldvati on 设计高程desig ned flood freque ncy 设计洪水频率deslick ing treatme nt 防滑处理Deval abrasion testion machi ne 狄法尔磨耗试验机（双筒式磨耗试验机）diam ond in tercha nge 菱形立体交叉differe ntial photo 微分法测图directi on an gle 方向角directi onal in tercha nge 定向式立体交叉diverg ing 分流dowel bar 传力杆drain ope ning 泄水口drain age by pump ing stati on （立体交叉）泵站排水drain age ditch 排水沟dressed stone 料石drop water 跌水dry con crtet 干硬性混凝土ductility （of bitume n）（沥青）延度ductilometer （沥青）延度仪dummy joint 假缝dyn amic con solidati on 强夯法economic speed 经济车速econno mical hauli ng dista nee 土方调配经济运距eleme nt support 构件支撑elevation 高程（标高）emba nkme nt 路堤emerge ncy park ing strip 紧急停车带emulsified bitume n 孚L化沥青erect ing by floati ng 浮运架桥法erecti on by Ion gitud inal pulli ng method 纵向拖拉法erecti on by protrusi on 悬臂拼装法erecti on with cableway 缆索吊装法evaporati on pond 蒸发池expa nsion beari ng 活动支座expa nsive soil 膨胀土expa ntio n joint 胀缝expressway （城市）快速路exter nal desta外（矢）距neefabricated bridge 装配式桥fabricated steel bridge 装拆式钢桥factories and mi nes road 厂矿道路factory exter nal tran sportatio n line 对外道路factory-i n road 厂内道路factory-out road 厂外道路fast lane 内侧车道fault ing of slab ends 错台feeder highway 支线公路ferry 渡口fibrous con crete 纤维混凝土field of viaio n 视野fill 填方filled span drel arch bridge 实腹拱桥final survey 竣工测量finen ess 细度finen ess modulus 细度模数fixed beari ng 固定支座flare wing wall abutme nt 八字形桥台flared in tersection 拓宽路口式交叉口flash闪点flash point tester (ope n cup method)闪点仪（开口杯式）flexible p***eme nt 柔性路面flexible pier 柔性墩floor system 桥面系flush curb 平缘石foot way 人行道ford过水路面forest highway 林区公路forest road 林区道路foun datio n 基础free style road system 自由式道路系统free way 高速公路free-flow speed 自由车速freeze road 冻板道路freez ing and thaw ing test 冻融试验frost boili ng 翻浆froze n soil 冻土full depth asphalt p***ement 全厚式沥青（混凝土）路面fun cti on pla nti ng 功能栽植gen eral scour un der bridge ope ning 桥下一般冲刷geological section （道路）地质剖面图geotextile 土工织物gradati on 级配gradation of stone ( 路用)石料等级grade cha nge point 变坡点grade compe nsati on 纵坡折减grade cross ing 平面交叉grade len gth limitatio n 坡长限制grade of side slope 边坡坡度grade separatio n 简单立体交叉grade-separated jun cti on 立体交叉graded aggregate p***eme nt 级配路面brader平地机grain compositi on 颗粒组成granu lar material 粒料gr***el 砾石gr***ity pier (abutme nt) 重力式墩、台gree n belt 绿化带gridir on road system 棋盘式道路系统 ground con trol-po int survey地面控制点测量 ground elevati on 地面高程ground stereophotogrammetry地面立体摄影测量guard post 标柱guard rail 护栏guard wall 护墙gully 雨水口gutter 街沟（偏沟）gutter apron 平石gutter drain age 渠道排水half-through bridge 中承式桥hard shoulder 硬路肩 gr***ity retai ning wall重力式挡土墙hardening 硬化hardness 硬度haul road 运材道路he***y maintenance 大修hectometer stake 百米桩hedge绿篱height of cut and fill at cen eter stake中桩填挖高度high stre ngth bolt 高强螺栓high type p***eme nt 高级路面highway 公路highway Ian dscape desig n 公路景观设计hill-side line 山坡线（山腰线）hilly terrain 重丘区horiz on tal alig nment 平面线形horiz on tal curve 平曲线hot laid method 热铺法hot mixi ng method 热拌法hot stability （of bitume n）（沥青）热稳性hydraulic computati on 水力计算hydraulic computati on 水硬性imagi nary in tersecti on point 虚交点immersed tunn elli ng method 沉埋法inbound traffic 入境交通in creme ntal la un chi ng method 顶推法in dustrial district road 工业区道路in dustrial solid waste （路用）工业废渣in dustrial waste base course 工业废渣基层in let 雨水口in let submerged culvert 半压力式涵洞in let un submerged culvert 无压力式涵洞inorganic bin der 无机结合料in strume nt stati on 测站in te nsity of rai nstorm 暴雨强度in tercepti ng detch 截水沟in tercha nge 互通式立体交叉in tercha nge woth special bicycle track 分隔式立体交叉in termediate maintenance 中修in termediate type p***eme nt 中级路面in tersecti on （平面）交叉口in tersecti on an gle 交叉角，转角in tersecti on entrance 交叉口进口in tersecti on exit 交叉口出口in tersecti on pla n 交叉口平面图in tersecti on point 交点in tersecti on with wide ned corners 加宽转角式交叉口jack- in method 顶入法kilometer stone 里程碑land slide 坍方lane 车道Ian e-width 车道宽度lateral clear dista nee of curve （平曲线）横净距lay-by紧急停车带level of service 道路服务水平leveli ng course 整平层leveli ng survey 水准测量light-weight con crete 轻质混凝土lighti ng facilities of road 道路照明设施lime pile 石灰桩line developme nt 展线linkin g-up road 联络线，连接道路liquid asphaltic bitume n 液体沥青liquid limit 液限livi ng fence 绿篱load荷载loadi ng berm 反压护道lading comb in atio ns 荷载组合loadi ng plate 承载板ladi ng platetest 承载板试验local scour n ear pier 桥墩局部冲刷local traffic 境内交通locati on of line 定线locatio n survey 定测lock bolt support woth shotcrete 喷锚支护loess 黄土Ion gitudi nal beam 纵梁Ion gitudi nal gradie nt 纵坡Ion gitudi nal joi nt 纵缝loop ramp 环形匝道Los An geles abrasi on testio n mach ine 洛杉矶磨耗试验机machine （搁板式磨耗试验机）low rype p***eme nt 低级路面mai n beam 主梁main bridge 主桥maintenance 养护maintenance period 大中修周期man hole检查井margi nal strip 路缘带marshall stability apparatus 马歇尔稳定度仪Marshall stability test 马歇尔试验masonry bridge 圬工桥maximum annual hourly volume 年最大小时交通量maximum dry unit weight （标准）最大干密度maximum Ion gitud inal gradie nt 最大纵坡mi ne tunn elli ng method 矿山法min eral aggregate 矿料min eral powder 矿粉min i-ro un dabout 微形环交mi nimum height of fill （路基）最小填土高度mi nimum Ion gitudi nal gradie nt 最小纵坡mi nimum radius of horiz on tal curve 最小平曲线半径mi nimum turni ng radius 汽车最小转弯半径mixed traffic 混合交通mixi ng method 拌和法mixture 混合料model split 交通方式划分modulus of elasticity 弹性模量modulus of resilie nee 回弹模量modulus ratio 模量比mon thly ***erage daily traffic 月平均日交通量motor way 高速公路mountainous terrain 山岭区movable bridge 开启桥mud淤泥multiple-leg in terseeti on 多岔交叉mational trunk highway 国家干线公路（国道）matural asphalt 天然沥青natural scour 自然演变冲刷n atural subsoil 天然地基n***igable water level 通航水位n earside lane 夕卜侧车道n et-shaped crack ing 路面网裂New Austria n Tunn elli ng Method 新奥法observati on point 测点one-way ramp 单向匝道ope n cut method 明挖法ope n cut tunnel 明洞ope n spa ndrel arch bridge 空腹拱桥ope ncast mi ne road 露天矿山道路operati ng speed 运行速度iptimum gradati on 最佳级配iptimum moisture con ter 最佳含水量optimum speed 临界速度organic bin der 有机结合料orig in-desti nati on study 起迄点调查outbo und traffic 出境交通outlet submerged culvert 压力式涵洞outlet in let mai n road 城市出入干道overall speed 区间速度overlay of p***eme nt 罩面overpass grade separati on 上跨铁路立体交叉overtaki ng lane 超车车道overtaki ng sight dista nee 超车视距paper loeati on 纸上定线paraffi n content test 含蜡量试验pare nt soil 原状土park ing lane 停车车道park ing lot 停车场parki ng station 公交（车辆）停靠站part out-part fill subgrade 半填半挖式路基pass 垭口pass ing bay 错车道patrol maintenance 巡回养护p***ed crosi ng 道口铺面p***ement 路面p***eme nt pressi on 路面沉陷p***eme nt recappi ng 路面翻修p***eme nt slab pump ing 路面板唧泥p***eme nt spal ling 路面碎裂p***eme ngthe ning 路面补强p***eme nt structure layer 路面结构层附录英汉术语对照索引p***emill 路面铣削机（刨路机）peak hourly volume 高峰小时交通量pedestria n overcross ing 人行天桥pedestria n un derpass 人行地道pen etrati on macadam with coated chipschips 路面pen etrati on method 贯入法pen etrati on test apparatus 长杆贯入仪pen etrati on （of bitume n）（沥青）针入度penetrometer （沥青）针入度仪periodical maintenance 定期养护permaf rost 多年冻土perma nent load 永久荷载pervious ness test 透水度试验petroleum asphaltic bitume n 石油沥青photo index 像片索引图（镶辑复照图） photo mosaic 像片镶嵌图photogrammetry 摄影测量photographic map 影像地图上拌下贯式（沥青）pier桥墩pile and pla nd retai ning wall 柱板式挡土墙pile bent pier 排架桩墩pile driver 打桩机pipe culvert 管涵pipe drain age 管道排水pit test 坑探pitch ing method 铺砌法plai n stage of slope 边坡平台plai n terrain 平原区plan view （路线）平面图plane design （城市道路）平面设计pla ne sketch （道路）平面示意图pla ni metric photo 综合法测图pla nt mixi ng method 厂拌法plasticity in dex 塑限plasticity in dex 塑性指数poiss on's ratio 泊松比polished stone value 石料磨光值pontoon bridge 浮桥porosity 空隙率porotable pen dulum tester 摆式仪possible traffic capacity 可能通行能力post-te nsio ning method 后张法pot holes 路面坑槽prelim inary survey 初测preload ing method 预压法prestressed con crete 预应力混凝土prestressed con crete bridge 预应力混凝土桥prestresed steel bar draw ing jack 张拉预应力钢筋千斤顶prete nsioning method 先张法prime coat 透层productive arterial road 生产干线productive branch road 生产支线profile desig n 纵断面设计profilometer 路面平整度测定仪proporti oning of ceme nt con crete 水泥混凝土配合比protecti on forest fire-proof road 护林防火道路provincial trunk highway 省干线公路（省道）railroad grade crossing （铁路）道口ramp匝道rebo und deflecti on 回弹弯沉reclaimed asphalt mixture 再生沥青混合料reclaimed bitu minous p***eme nt 再生沥青路面reconn aissa nee 踏勘red clay 红粘土refere nee stake 护桩referencion crack 反射裂缝refuge isla nd 安全岛regulat ing structure 调治构造物rei nforced con crete 钢筋混凝土rei nforced con crete bridge 钢筋混凝土桥rei nforced con crete p***eme nt 钢筋混凝土路面rei nforced earth retai ning wall 力口筋土挡土墙relative moisture content (of soil) ( 土的)相对含水量relief road 辅道reside ntial street 居住区道路resulta nt gradie nt 合成坡度reta ining wall 挡土墙revelli ng of p***eme nt 路面松散reverse curve 反向曲线reverse loop 回头曲线ridge cross ing line 越岭线ridge line 山脊线right bridge 正交桥right bridge 正桥rigid frame bridge 刚构桥rigid p***eme nt 刚性路面rigid-type base 刚性基层ring and radial road system 环形辐射式道路系统ripper 松土机riprap 抛石road道路road alig nment 道路线形road appeara nee 路容road eara per sitize n （城市）人均道路面积road area ratio （城市）道路面积率road axis 道路轴线road bed 路床road bitume n 路用沥青road con diti on 路况road con diti on survey 路况调查road cross ing （平面）交叉口road cross ing desig n 交叉口设计road engin eeri ng 道路工程road feasibility study （道路工程）可行性研究road improveme nt 改善工程road intersection 道路交叉（路线交叉）road mixing method 路拌法road n etword 道路网road n etwork pla nning 道路网规戈U road pla nti ng 道路绿化road project （道路工程）方案图road trough 路槽road way 路幅rock breaker 凿岩机rock filled gabi on 石笼roller 压路机rolled ceme nton cerete 碾压式水泥混凝土rolli ng terrain 微丘区rotary in terchage 环形立体交叉rotary in tersecti on 环形交叉roundabout 环形交叉。
道路工程术语标准中英文对照
道路工程术语标准第条道路road供各种车辆和行人等通行的工程设施。
按其运用特点分为公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路及乡村道路等。
第条公路highway联结城市、乡村，主要供汽车行驶的具备确定技术条件和设施的道路。
第条城市道路city road；urban road在城市范围内，供车辆及行人通行的具备确定技术条件和设施的道路。
第条厂矿道路factories and mines road主要供工厂、矿山运输车辆通行的道路。
第条林区道路forest road建在林区，主要供各种林业运输工具通行的道路。
第条乡村道路country road建在乡村、农场，主要供行人及各种农业运输工具通行的道路。
第条道路工程road engineering以道路为对象而进行的规划、勘测、设计、施工等技术活动的全过程及其所从事的工程实体。
第条道路网road network在确定区域内，由各种道路组成的相互联络、交织成网状分布的道路系统。
全部由各级公路组成的称公路网。
在城市范围内由各种道路组成的称城市道路网。
第条道路(网)密度density of road network在确定区域内，道路网的总里程和该区域面积的比值。
第条道路技术标准technical standard of road依据道路的性质、交通量及其所处地点的自然条件，确定道路应达到的各项技术指标和规定。
第条设计车辆design vehicle道路设计所接受的汽车车型，以其外廓尺寸、重量、运转特性等特征作为道路设计的依据。
第条特种车辆special vehicle外廓尺寸、重量等方面超过设计车辆限界的及特殊用途的车辆。
第条计算行车速度(设计车速) design speed道路几何设计(包括平曲线半径、纵坡、视距等)所接受的行车速度。
第条道路建筑限界boundary line of road construction为保证车辆和行人正常通行，规定在道路的确定宽度和高度范围内不允许有任何设施及障碍物侵入的空间范围。
公路工程专用词汇
道路工程英文翻译术语abrasiveness 磨耗度absolute datum 绝对基面abutment 桥台abutment pier 制动墩acceleration lane 加速车道accidental load 偶然荷载accommodation lane 专用车道acoustic barrier 隔音墙acting circles of blasting 爆破作用圈additional stake 加桩adjacent curve in one direction 同向曲线admixture 外加剂admixture 反坡安全线aerial photogrammetry 航空摄影测量aerophoto base 航摄基线 aerophoto interpretation 航摄像片判读ageing 老化aggregate 集料（骨料）air hardining 气硬性alignment design （城市道路）平面设计，线形设计alignment element 线形要素alligator cracking 路面龟裂allowable rebound 容许（回弹）alternative line 比较线anchored bulkhead abutment 锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkhead abutment锚锭板式挡土墙anchored retaining wall 锚杆式挡土墙anionic emulsified bitumen 阴离子乳化沥青annual ***erage dailytraffic年平均日交通量anti-creep heap （厂矿道路）挡车堆 anti-dizzling screen 防炫屏（遮光栅） antiskid heap （厂矿道路）防滑堆 approach span 引桥aquitard 隔水层 arch bridge 拱桥 arch culvert 拱涵 arch ring 拱圈 arterial highway 干线公路arterial road （厂内）主干道，（城市）主干路 asphalt distributor 沥青洒布车 asphalt mixing plant 沥青混合料拌和设备 asphalt remixer 沥青混合料摊铺机 asphalt remixer 复拌沥青混合料摊铺机 asphalt sand 沥青砂 asphalt sprayer 沥青洒布机 asphaltic bitumen 地沥青at-grade intersection 平面交叉auxiliary lane 附加车道***erage consistency (of soil) 土的 )平均稠度***erage gradient 平均纵坡aximuth angle 方位角balance weight retaining wall 衡重式挡土墙base course 基层base line 基线basic traffic capacity 基本通行能力beam bridge 梁桥beam level deflectometer 杠杆弯沉仪bearing 支座bearing angle 象限角bearing pile 支承桩bearing platform 承台bed course 垫层bench mark 水准点benched subgrade 台口式路基bending strength 抗弯强度Benkelman beam 杠杆弯沉仪（贝克曼弯沉仪）bent cap 盖梁berm 护坡道binder 结合料binder course 联结层bitumen 沥青bitumen （沥青混合料）抽提仪bitumen-aggregate ratio 油石比 bituminous concrete p***ement 沥青混凝土混合料bituminous concrete沥青混凝土路面mixture bituminous concrete moxture 沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadam p***ement 沥青碎石路面bituminous moxture 沥青混合料bituminous p***ement 沥青路面bituminous penetration p***ement 沥青贯入式路面biuminous surface treatment （沥青）表面处治blasting crater 爆破漏斗blastion for loosening rock 松动爆破blasting for throwing rock 抛掷爆破blasting procedure 土石方爆破bleeding 泛油blind ditch 盲沟blind drain 盲沟block pavement 块料路面block stone 块石 blow up 拱胀boring 钻探boring log （道路）地质柱状图boring machine 钻孔机borrow earth 借土borrow pit 取土坑boundary frame on crossing 道口限界架boundary frame on road 道路限界架boundary line of road construction 道路建筑限界bowstring arch bridge 系杆拱桥box culvert 箱涵branch pipe of inlet 雨水口支管branch road （城市）支路，（厂内）支道bridge 桥梁bridge decking 桥面系bridge deck p***ement 桥面铺装bridge floor expantion and contraction installation traction installation 桥面伸缩装置bridge gerder erection equpment 架桥机bridge on slope 坡桥bridge site 桥位bridle road 驮道broken chainage 断链broken stone 碎石broken back curve 断背曲线 buried abutment 埋置式桥台 bus bay 公交（车辆）停靠站 bypass 绕行公路 cable bent tower 索塔cable saddle 索鞍cable stayed bridge 斜拉桥 （斜张桥 ）capacity of network 路网通行能力capillary water 毛细水carriage way 车行道 （行车道 ）cast-in-place cantilever method 悬臂浇筑法 cationic emulsified bitumen cattle-pass 畜力车道 cement concrete 水泥混凝土 cemint concrete p***ement 水泥混凝Cableway erectingequipment Californiabearing ratio （CBR ）California bearingratio tester cambercruve 路拱曲线cantilever beam bridge缆索吊装设备加州承载比 (CBR)加州承载比 (CBR) 测悬臂梁桥悬臂式挡土墙交叉口通行能阳离子乳化沥青土混合料 cement concrete p***ement 水泥混凝土路面 center-island 中心岛center lane 中间车道center line of raod 道路中线center line survey 中线测量center stake 中桩central reserve 分隔带channelization 渠化交通shannelization island 导流岛channelized intrersection 分道转弯式交叉口chip 石屑chute 急流槽 circular curve 圆曲线 circular curve 环路 circular test 环道试验city road 城市道路civil engineering fabric 土工织物 classifiedhighway 等级公路 classified highway 等级道路clay-bound macadam 泥结碎石路面 clearance 净空 clearance above bridge floor 桥面净空clearce of span 桥下净空 climatic zoning for highway 公路自然区划climbing lane 爬坡车道 cloverleaf interchange 苜蓿叶形立体交叉 coal tar 煤沥青 cobble stone 卵石 coefficient of scouring 冲刷系数cohesive soil 粘性土cold laid method 冷铺法cold mixing method 冷拌法cold-stretched steel bar 冷拉钢筋column pier 柱式墩combination-type road system 混合式道路系统compaction 压实compaction test 击实试验compaction test apparatus 击实仪 compactmess test 压实度试验 composite beam bridge 联合梁桥 composite pipe line 综合管道（综合管廊）compound curve 复曲线conc***e vertical curve 凹形竖曲线concrete joint cleaner （水泥混凝土）路面清缝机 concrete joint sealer （水泥混凝土）路面填缝机concrete mixing plant 水泥混凝土（混合料）拌和设备concrete p***er 水泥混凝土（混合料）摊铺机concrete pump 水泥混凝土（混合料）泵concrete saw （水泥混凝土）路面锯缝机附录英汉术语对照索引cone penetrantion test 触探试验onflict point 冲突点conical slope 锥坡consistency limit （of soil）（土的）稠度界限consolidated subsoil 加固地基consolidation 固结construction by swing 转体架桥法 construction height of bridge construction joint 施工缝construction load 施工荷桥梁建筑高度载construction survey 施工测量 continuous beam bridge 连续梁桥 contourline 等高线contraction joint 缩缝 control point 路线控制点 converging 合流 convex vertining wall 凸形竖曲线corduroy road 木排道 counterfout retaining wall 扶壁式挡土墙 counterfort abutmen 扶壁式桥台 country road 乡村道路 county road 县公路（县道），乡道 creep 徐变critical speed 临界速度cross roads 十字形交叉cross slope 横坡cross walk 人行横道cross-sectionalprofile横断面图cross-sectional survey 横断面测量crown 路拱crushed stone 碎石crushing strength 压碎值culture 地物culvert 涵洞curb 路缘石curb side strip 路侧带 curve length 曲线长curve widening 平曲线加宽curved bridge 弯桥cut 挖方cut corner for sight line （路口）截角 cut-fill transition 土方调配 cut-fill transition 土方调配图 cutting 路堑 cycle path 自行车道 cycle track 自行车道 deceleration lane 减速车道 deck bridge 上承式桥 deflection angle 偏角 deflection test 弯沉试验 degree of compaction 压实度 delay延误 density of road network 道路（网）密度edpth of tunnel 隧道埋深edsign elevation of subgrade 路基设计高程design frequency （排水）设计重现期edsign hourly volume 设计小时交通量design of evevation （城市道路）竖向设计design of vertical alignment 纵断面设计design speed 计算行车速度（设计车速）design traffic capacity 设计通行能力design vehicle 设计车辆design water level 设计水位desiged dldvation 设计高程designed flood frequency 设计洪水频率deslicking treatment 防滑处理Deval abrasion testion machine 狄法尔磨耗试验机（双筒式磨耗试验机）diamond interchange 菱形立体交叉differential photo 微分法测图direction angle 方向角directional interchange 定向式立体交叉diverging 分流dowel bar 传力杆drain opening 泄水口drainage by pumping station （立体交叉）泵站排水drainage ditch 排水沟dressed stone 料石drop water 跌水dry concrtet 干硬性混凝土ductility （of bitumen）（沥青）延度ductilometer （沥青）延度仪dummy joint 假缝dynamic consolidation 强夯法economic speed 经济车速econnomical hauling distance 土方调配经济运距element support 构件支撑 elevation 高程（标高）embankment 路堤 emergency parking strip 紧急停车带 emulsified bitumen 乳化沥青 erecting byfloating 浮运架桥法 erection by longitudinalpulling method 纵向拖拉法erection by protrusion 悬臂拼装法erection with cableway 缆索吊装法evaporation pond 蒸发池 expansion bearing 活动支座 expansive soil 膨胀土 expantion joint 胀缝expressway （城市）快速路 external destance 外（矢）距 fabricated bridge 装配式桥 fabricated steel bridge 装拆式钢桥 factories and mines road厂矿道路factory external对外道路transportation line factory-in road 厂内道路 factory-out road 厂外道路 fast lane 内侧车道 faulting of slab ends 错台feeder highway 支线公路ferry 渡口fibrous concrete 纤维混凝土 field of viaion 视野 fill 填方filled spandrel arch bridge 实腹拱桥final survey 竣工测量 fineness 细度fineness modulus 细度模数fixed bearing 固定支座flare wing wall abutment 八字形桥台 flared intersection 拓宽路口式交叉口 flash 闪点flash point tester (open cup闪点仪（开口杯式）method) flexible p***ement 柔性路面 flexible pier 柔性墩 floor system 桥面系flush curb 平缘石 foot way 人行道 ford 过水路面forest highway 林区公路forest road 林区道路foundation 基础free style road system 自由式道路系统free way 高速公路free-flow speed 自由车速freeze road 冻板道路freezing and thawing test 冻融试验frost boiling 翻浆frozen soil 冻土full depth asphalt p***ement 全厚式沥青（混凝土）路面function planting 功能栽植general scour under bridge opening 桥下一般冲刷geological section （道路）地质剖面图geotextile 土工织物gradation 级配gradation of stone ( 路用）石料等级grade changepoint变坡点gradecompensation纵坡折减grade crossing 平面交叉grade length limitation 坡长限制grade of side 边坡坡度grade separation 简单立体交叉grade-separated junction 立体交叉 graded aggregate p***ement 级配路面 brader 平地机grain颗粒组成compositiongranular material 粒料gr***el 砾石gr***ity pier (abutment) 重力式墩、台gr***ity retaining wall 重力式挡土墙green belt 绿化带gridiron road system 棋盘式道路系统ground control-point survey 地面控制点测量ground elevation 地面高程ground stereophotogrammetry 地面立体摄影测量guard post 标柱guard rail 护栏guard wall 护墙gully 雨水口gutter 街沟（偏沟）gutter apron 平石gutter drainage 渠道排水half-through bridge 中承式桥hard shoulder 硬路肩hardening 硬化hardness 硬度haul road 运材道路he***y maintenance 大修hectometer stake 百米桩hedge 绿篱height of cut and fill at ceneter stake 中桩填挖高度high strength bolt 高强螺栓high type p***ement 高级路面highway 公路highway landscape design 公路景观设计hill-side line 山坡线（山腰线）hilly terrain 重丘区horizontal alignment 平面线形horizontal curve 平曲线hot laid method 热铺法hot mixing method 热拌法hot stability （of bitumen）（沥青）热稳性hydraulic computation 水力计算hydraulic computation 水硬性imaginary intersection point 虚交点immersed tunnelling method 沉埋法inbound traffic 入境交通 incremental launching method 顶推法 industrial district road 工业区道路 industrial solid waste （路用）工业废渣industrial waste base course 工业废渣基层inlet 雨水口 inlet submerged culvert 半压力式涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert 无压力式涵洞inorganic binder 无机结合料 instrument station 测站intensity of rainstorm 暴雨强度 intercepting detch 截水沟 interchange 互通式立体交叉 interchange woth special bicycle trackintermediate maintenance 中修intermediate type p***ement 中级路面 intersection （ 平面 ）交叉口 intersection angle 交叉角，转角 intersection entrance 交叉口进口 intersection exit 交叉口出口 intersection plan 交叉口平面图 intersection point 交点 intersection with widenedcornersjack-in method 顶入法kilometer stone 里程碑land slide 坍方 分隔式立体交叉加宽转角式交叉口lane 车道lane-width 车道宽度lateral clear distance of curve （平曲线）横净距lay-by 紧急停车带level of service 道路服务水平leveling course 整平层leveling survey 水准测量light-weight concrete 轻质混凝土lighting facilities of road 道路照明设施lime pile 石灰桩line development 展线linking-up road 联络线，连接道路liquid asphaltic bitumen 液体沥青liquid limit 液限living fence 绿篱load 荷载loading berm 反压护道lading combinations 荷载组合loading plate 承载板lading platetest 承载板试验local scour near pier 桥墩局部冲刷local traffic 境内交通location of line 定线location survey 定测lock bolt support woth shotcrete 喷锚支护loess 黄土longitudinal beam 纵梁longitudinal gradient 纵坡longitudinal joint 纵缝loop ramp 环形匝道Los Angeles abrasion testion machine 洛杉矶磨耗试验机machine （搁板式磨耗试验机）low rype p***ement 低级路面main beam 主梁main bridge 主桥maintenance 养护maintenance period 大中修周期manhole 检查井marginal strip 路缘带marshall stability apparatus 马歇尔稳定度仪Marshall stability test 马歇尔试验masonry bridge 圬工桥maximum annual hourly volume年最大小时交通量maximum dry unit weight （标准）最大干密度maximum longitudinal gradient 最大纵坡mine tunnelling method 矿山法mineral aggregate 矿料 mineral powder 矿粉 mini-roundabout 微形环交minimum height of fill （路基）最小填土高度minimum longitudinal gradient 最小纵坡minimum radius of horizontal curve 最小平曲线半径 minimum turning radius 汽车最小转弯半径 mixed traffic 混合交通 mixing method 拌和法 mixture 混合料model split 交通方式划分modulus of elasticity 弹性模量modulus of resilience 回弹模量modulus ratio 模量比monthly ***erage daily traffic 月平均日交通量motor way 高速公路mountainous terrain 山岭区movable bridge 开启桥mud 淤泥multiple-leg intersection 多岔交叉mational trunk highway 国家干线公路（国道）matural asphalt 天然沥青natural scour 自然演变冲刷natural subsoil 天然地基n***igable water level 通航水位nearside lane 外侧车道net-shaped cracking 路面网裂New Austrian Tunnelling Method 新奥法observation point 测点 one-way ramp 单向匝道open cut method 明挖法 open cut tunnel 明洞 open spandrel arch bridge 空腹拱桥 opencast mine road 露天矿山道路 operating speed 运行速度 iptimum gradation 最佳级配 iptimum moisture conter 最佳含水量 optimum speed 临界速度 organic binder 有机结合料 origin-destination study 起迄点调查outbound traffic 出境交通outlet submerged culvert 压力式涵洞outlet inlet main road 城市出入干道overall speed 区间速度overlay of p***ement 罩面overpass grade separation 上跨铁路立体交叉overtaking lane 超车车道overtaking sight distance 超车视距paper location 纸上定线paraffin content test 含蜡量试验parent soil 原状土parking lane 停车车道parking lot 停车场parking station 公交（车辆）停靠站part out-part fill subgrade 半填半挖式路基pass 垭口passing bay 错车道patrol maintenance 巡回养护 p***ed crosing 道口铺面p***ement 路面p***ement pression 路面沉陷p***ement recapping 路面翻修 p***ement slab pumping 路面板唧泥 p***ement spalling 路面碎裂p***emengthening 路面补强 p***ement structure layer 路面结构层附录英汉术语对照索引 p***emill 路面铣削机（刨路机） peak hourly volume 高峰小时交通量 pedestrian overcrossing 人行天桥pedestrian underpass 人行地道penetration macadam with coated上拌下贯式（沥青）chipschips 路面penetration method 贯入法 penetration testapparatus 长杆贯入仪penetration （of bitumen）（沥青）针入度penetrometer （沥青）针入度仪 periodicalmaintenance 定期养护 permaf rost 多年冻土permanent load 永久荷载 perviousness test 透水度试验 petroleum asphaltic bitumen 石油沥青 photoindex 像片索引图（镶辑复照图） photo mosaic 像片镶嵌图 photogrammetry 摄影测量 photographicmap 影像地图pier 桥墩pile and pland retaining wall 柱板式挡土墙pile bent pier 排架桩墩pile driver 打桩机pipe culvert 管涵pipe drainage 管道排水pit test 坑探pitching method 铺砌法plain stage of slope 边坡平台plain terrain 平原区plan view （路线）平面图plane design （城市道路）平面设计plane sketch （道路）平面示意图planimetric photo 综合法测图plant mixing method 厂拌法plasticity index 塑限plasticity index 塑性指数poisson's ratio 泊松比polished stone value 石料磨光值pontoon bridge 浮桥porosity 空隙率porotable pendulum tester 摆式仪possible traffic capacity 可能通行能力 post-tensioning method 后张法 pot holes 路面坑槽preliminary survey 初测preloading method 预压法prestressed concrete 预应力混凝土 prestressedconcrete bridge 预应力混凝土桥prestresed steel bar drawing张拉预应力钢筋千斤顶jackpretensioning method 先张法prime coat 透层productive arterial road 生产干线productive branch road 生产支线profile design 纵断面设计profilometer 路面平整度测定仪proportioning of cement concrete 水泥混凝土配合比protection forest fire-proof road 护林防火道路provincial trunk highway 省干线公路（省道）railroad grade crossing （铁路）道口 ramp 匝道rebound deflection 回弹弯沉reclaimed asphalt mixture 再生沥青混合料reclaimed bituminous p***ement 再生沥青路面reconnaissance 踏勘red clay 红粘土reference stake 护桩referencion crack 反射裂缝refuge island 安全岛regulating structure 调治构造物reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete bridge 钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete p***ement 钢筋混凝土路面reinforced earth retaining wall 加筋土挡土墙relative moisture content (of soil) ( 土的 )相对含水量relief road 辅道residential street 居住区道路resultant gradient 合成坡度retaining wall 挡土墙revelling of p***ement 路面松散reverse curve 反向曲线reverse loop 回头曲线ridge crossing line 越岭线ridge line 山脊线right bridge 正交桥right bridge 正桥rigid frame bridge 刚构桥rigid p***ement 刚性路面rigid-type base 刚性基层ring and radial road system 环形辐射式道路系统ripper 松土机riprap 抛石road 道路road alignment 道路线形road appearance 路容road eara per sitizen （城市）人均道路面积road area ratio （城市）道路面积率road axis 道路轴线road bed 路床road bitumen 路用沥青road condition 路况road condition survey 路况调查road crossing （平面）交叉口road crossing design 交叉口设计road engineering 道路工程road feasibility study （道路工程）可行性研究road improvement 改善工程road intersection 道路交叉（路线交叉）road mixing method 路拌法road netword 道路网road network planning 道路网规划road planting 道路绿化road project （道路工程）方案图road trough 路槽road way 路幅rock breaker 凿岩机rock filled gabion 石笼roller 压路机rolled cementoncerete 碾压式水泥混凝土rolling terrain 微丘区rotary interchage 环形立体交叉rotary intersection 环形交叉roundabout 环形交叉route development 展线rout of road 道路路线route selection 选线routine maintenance 小修保养rubble 片石running speed 行驶速度rural road 郊区道路saddle back 垭口safety belt 安全带safety fence 防护栅salty soil 盐渍土sand 砂sanddrain (sand pile) 砂井sand gr***el 砂砾sand hazard 沙害sand mat of subgrade 排水砂垫层sand patch test 铺砂试验sand pile 砂桩sand protection facilities 防沙设施sand ratio 砂率sand sweeping 回砂sand sweeping equipment 回砂机sandy soil 砂性土saturated soil 饱和土scraper 铲运机seal coat 封层secondary trunk road （厂内）次干道，（城市）次干路seepage well 渗水井segregation 离析semi-rigid type base 半刚性基层separate facilties 分隔设施separator 分隔带sheep-foot roll 羊足压路机 （羊足碾 ）shelter belt 护路林 shield 盾构 （盾构挖掘机 ） shield tunnelling method shoulder 路肩 shrinkage limit 缩限 side ditch 边沟 side slope 边坡side walk 人行道 sieveanalysis 筛分 sightdistance 视距 sightdistanceof intersection sightline 视线 sighttriangle 视距三角形silty soil 粉性土simple supported beam bridge 简支梁桥singl direction thrusted pier 单向推力墩 盾构法路口视距single-sizeaggregat 同粒径集料siphon culvert 倒虹涵skew bridge 斜交桥skewbridge斜桥skid road 集材道路slab bridge 板桥slabculvert盖板涵slab staggerting 错位 slide 滑坡 slope protection 护坡 slump 坍落度snow hazard 雪害snow plough 除雪机snow protection facilities 防雪设施soft ground 软弱地基soft soil 软土softening point tester （ring ball）（沥青）软化点议仪method （环—球法）softening point （of bitumen）沥青）软化点solubility （of bitumen）（沥青）溶解度space headway 车头间距space mean speed 空间平均速度span 跨径span by span method 移动支架逐跨施工法spandrel arch 腹拱spandrel structure 拱上结构special vehicle 特种车辆speed-change lane 变速车道splitting test 劈裂试验spot speed 点速度spreading in layers 层铺法springing 弹簧现象stabilizer 稳定土拌和机stabilized soil base course 稳定土基层stage for heating soil and broken碎落台rock stagered junction 错位交叉stand axial loading 标准轴截 steel bridge 钢筋冷墩机 steel bridge 钢桥 steel exention machie 钢筋拉伸机 stiffness modulus 劲度 stone coating test 石料裹覆试验 stone crusher 碎石机stone spreader 碎石撒布机stopping sight distance 停车视距stopping truck heap （厂矿道路）阻车堤 street 街道street draianage 街道排水street planting 街道绿化street trees 行道树strengthening layer 补强层strengthening of structure 加固 stringer 纵梁striping test for aggregate 集料剥落试验structural approach limit of tunnel 隧道建筑限界sub-high type p***ement 次高级路面 subgrade 路基subgrade drainage 路基排水submersible bridge 漫水桥subsidence 沉陷 subsoil 地基 substructure 下部结构 superelevation 超高 superelevation runoff 超高缓和段 superstructure 上部结构 supported type abutment 支撑式桥台 surface course 面层 surface evenness 路面平整度 surface frosthe***e 路面冻胀surface permeameter 路面透水度测定仪 surface roughness 路面粗糙度 surface slipperinness 路面滑溜 surface water 地表水surface-curvature apparatus 路面曲率半径测定仪surrounding rock 围岩 suspension bridge 悬索桥swich-back curve 回头曲线Tintersection 丁字形交叉（T 形交叉）T-shaped rigid frame bridge 形刚构桥tack coat 粘层tangent length 切线长tar 焦油沥青technical standard of road 道路技术标准Telford 锥形块石Telford base （锥形）块石基层terrace 台地thermal insulation berm 保温护道thermal insulation course 隔温层。
道路工程英语
英汉术语对照索引abrasiveness 磨耗度absolute datum 绝对基面abutment 桥台abutment pier 制动墩acceleration lane 加速车道accidental load 偶然荷载accommodation lane 专用车道acoustic barrier 隔音墙acting circles of blasting 爆破作用圈additional stake 力口桩adjacent curve in one direction 同向曲线admixture 外加剂admixture反坡安全线aerial photogrammetry 航空摄影测量aerophoto base 航摄基线aerophoto interpretation 航摄像片判读ageing老化aggregate集料（骨料） air hardining 气硬性alignment design （城市道路）平面设计，线形设计alignment element 线形要素alligator cracking 路面龟裂allowable rebound deflection 容许（回弹）弯沉alternative line 比较线anchored bulkhead abutment 锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkhead abutment 锚锭板式挡土墙anchored retaining wall 锚杆式挡土墙anionicemulsified bitumen 阴离子乳化沥青annualaverage daily traffic 年平均日交通量anti-creepheap （厂矿道路）挡车堆anti-dizzling screen 防炫屏（遮光栅） antiskid heap （厂矿道路）防滑堆approach span 引桥aquitard隔水层archbridge 拱桥arch culvert 拱涵arch ring 拱圈arterial highway 干线公路arterial road （厂内）主干道，（城市）主干路asphalt distributor 沥青洒布车asphalt mixing plant沥青混合料拌和设备asphalt remixer沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt remixer复拌沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt sand 沥青砂asphalt sprayer沥青洒布机asphaltic bitumen 地沥青at-grade intersection 平面交叉auxiliary lane 附加车道average consistency （of soil）土的）平均稠度average gradient 平均纵坡aximuth angle 方位角balance weight retaining wall 衡重式挡土墙base course 基层base line 基线basic traffic capacity 基本通行能力beam bridge 梁桥beam level deflectometer 杠杆弯沉仪bearing 支座bearing angle 象限角bearing pile 支承桩bearing platform 承台bed course 垫层bench mark水准点benched subgrade 台口式路基bending strength 抗弯强度Benkelman beam杠杆弯沉仪（贝克曼弯沉仪）bent cap 盖梁berm护坡道binder结合料binder course 联结层bitumen 沥青bitumen （沥青混合料）抽提仪bitumen-aggregate ratio 油石比bituminous concrete pavement 沥青混凝土混合料bituminous concrete mixture 沥青混凝土路面bituminous concrete moxture 沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadam pavement 沥青碎石路面bituminous moxture 沥青混合料bituminous pavement 沥青路面bituminous penetration pavement 沥青贯入式路面biuminous surface treatment （沥青）表面处治blasting crater 爆破漏斗blastion for loosening rock 松动爆破blasting for throwing rock 抛掷爆破blasting procedure 土石方爆破bleeding 泛油blind ditch 盲沟欢迎下载blind drain 盲沟block pavement 块料路面block stone 块石blow up拱胀boring车占探boring log （道路）地质柱状图boring machine 钻孔机borrow earth 借土borrow pit 取土坑boundary frame on crossing 道口限界架boundary frame on road 道路限界架boundary line of road construction 道路建筑限界bowstring arch bridge 系杆拱桥box culvert 箱涵branch pipe of inlet 雨水口支管branch road （城市）支路，（厂内）支道bridge桥梁bridge decking 桥面系bridge deck pavement 桥面铺装bridge floor expantion and contraction installation traction installation 桥面伸缩装置bridge gerder erection equpment 架桥机bridge on slope 坡桥bridge site 桥位bridle road 驮道broken chainage 断链broken stone 碎石broken back curve 断背曲线buried abutment埋置式桥台bus bay公交（车辆）停靠站bypass绕行公路cable bent tower 索塔cable saddle 索鞍cable stayed bridge 斜拉桥（斜张桥）Cableway erecting equipment 缆索吊装设备California bearing ratio （CBR）加州承载比（CBR）California bearing ratio tester 加州承载比（CBR）测定仪camber cruve 路拱曲线cantilever beam bridge 悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge 悬臂式挡土墙capacity of intersection 交叉口通行能力capacity of network路网通行能力capillary water 毛细水carriage way车行道（行车道）欢迎下载cast-in-place cantilever method 悬臂浇筑法cationic emulsified bitumen 阳离子乳化沥青cattle-pass畜力车道cement concrete 水泥混凝土cemint concrete pavement 水泥混凝土混合料cement concrete pavement 水泥混凝土路面center-island 中心岛center lane中间车道center line of raod 道路中线center line survey 中线测量center stake 中桩central reserve 分隔带channelization 渠化交通shannelization island 导流岛channelized intrersection 分道转弯式交叉口chip石屑chute急流槽circular curve 圆曲线circular curve 环路circular test环道试验city road城市道路civil engineering fabric 土工织物classified highway 等级公路classified highway 等级道路clay-bound macadam 泥结碎石路面clearance 净空clearance above bridge floor 桥面净空clearce of span 桥下净空climatic zoning for highway 公路自然区戈Uclimbing lane爬坡车道cloverleaf interchange苜蓿叶形立体交叉coal tar煤沥青cobble stone 卵石coefficient of scouring 冲刷系数cohesive soil 粘性土cold laid method 冷铺法cold mixing method 冷拌法cold-stretched steel bar 冷拉钢筋column pier 柱式墩combination-type road system 混合式道路系统compaction 压实compaction test 击实试验compaction test apparatus 击实仪compactmess test压实度试验欢迎下载composite beam bridge 联合梁桥composite pipe line综合管道（综合管廊）compound curve 复曲线concave vertical curve 凹形竖曲线concrete joint cleaner （水泥混凝土）路面清缝机concrete joint sealer （水泥混凝土）路面填缝机concrete mixing plant水泥混凝土（混合料）拌和设备concrete paver水泥混凝土（混合料）摊铺机concrete pump水泥混凝土（混合料）泵concrete saw （水泥混凝土）路面锯缝机附录英汉术语对照索引cone penetrantion test 触探试onflict point 冲突点conical slope 锥坡consistency limit （of soil）（土的）稠度界限consolidated subsoil 加固地基consolidation 固结construction by swing 转体架桥法construction height of bridge 桥梁建筑高度construction joint 施工缝construction load 施工荷载construction survey 施工测量continuous beam bridge 连续梁桥contourline 等高线contraction joint 缩缝control point路线控制点converging 合流convex vertining wall 凸形竖曲线corduroy road 木排道counterfout retaining wall 扶壁式挡土墙counterfort abutmen 扶壁式桥台country road乡村道路county road 县公路（县道），乡道creep徐变critical speed 临界速度cross roads十字形交叉cross slope 横坡cross walk人行横道cross-sectional profile 横断面图cross-sectional survey 横断面测量crown路拱crushed stone 碎石crushing strength 压碎值culture 地物culvert 涵洞欢迎下载curb路缘石curb side strip 路侧带curve length 曲线长curve widening平曲线加宽curved bridge 弯桥cut挖方cut corner for sight line （路口）截角cut-fill transition 土方调配cut-fill transition 土方调配图cutting 路堑cycle path自行车道cycle track自行车道deceleration lane 减速车道deck bridge上承式桥deflection angle 偏角deflection test 弯沉试验degree of compaction 压实度delay延误density of road network 道路（网）密度edpth of tunnel 隧道埋深edsign elevation of subgrade 路基设计高程design frequency （排水）设计重现期edsign hourly volume设计小时交通量design of evevation （城市道路）竖向设计design of vertical alignment 纵断面设计design speed计算行车速度（设计车速）design traffic capacity 设计通行能力design vehicle 设计车辆design water level 设计水位desiged dldvation 设计高程designed flood frequency 设计洪水频率deslicking treatment 防滑处理Deval abrasion testion machine狄法尔磨耗试验机（双筒式磨耗试验机）diamond interchange菱形立体交叉differential photo 微分法测图direction angle 方向角directional interchange 定向式立体交叉diverging 分流dowel bar传力杆drain opening 泄水口drainage by pumping station （立体交叉）泵站排水drainage ditch 排水沟dressed stone 料石drop water 跌水欢迎下载dry concrtet干硬性混凝土ductility （of bitumen）（沥青）延度ductilometer （沥青）延度仪dummy joint 假缝dynamic consolidation 强夯法economic speed 经济车速econnomical hauling distance 土方调配经济运距element support 构件支撑elevation高程（标高）embankment 路堤emergency parking strip 紧急停车带emulsified bitumen 乳化沥青erecting by floating 浮运架桥法erection by longitudinal pulling method 纵向拖拉法erection by protrusion 悬臂拼装法erection with cableway 缆索吊装法evaporation pond 蒸发池expansion bearing 活动支座expansive soil 膨胀土expantion joint 胀缝expressway （城市）快速路external destance 夕卜（矢）距fabricated bridge 装配式桥fabricated steel bridge 装拆式钢桥factories and mines road 厂矿道路factory external transportation line 对外道路factory-in road 厂内道路factory-out road 厂外道路fast lane内侧车道faulting of slab ends 错台feeder highway 支线公路ferry 渡口fibrous concrete 纤维混凝土field of viaion 视野fill填方filled spandrel arch bridge 实腹拱桥final survey竣工测量fineness 细度fineness modulus 细度模数fixed bearing固定支座flare wing wall abutment 八字形桥台flared intersection 拓宽路口式交叉口flash闪点flash point tester （open cup method）闪点仪（开口杯式）欢迎下载flexible pavement 柔性路面flexible pier 柔性墩floor system 桥面系flush curb平缘石foot way人行道ford过水路面forest highway 林区公路forest road林区道路foundation 基石出free style road system 自由式道路系统free way高速公路free-flow speed 自由车速freeze road冻板道路freezing and thawing test 冻融试验frost boiling 翻浆frozen soil 冻土full depth asphalt pavement全厚式沥青（混凝土）路面function planting 功能栽植general scour under bridge opening 桥下一般冲刷geological section （道路）地质剖面图geotextile 土工织物gradation 级配gradation of stone （路用）石料等级grade change point 变坡点grade compensation 纵坡折减grade crossing 平面交叉grade length limitation 坡长限制grade of side slope 边坡坡度grade separation 简单立体交叉grade-separated junction 立体交叉graded aggregate pavement 级配路面brader平地机grain composition 颗粒组成granular material 粒料gravel砾石gravity pier （abutment）重力式墩、台gravity retaining wall 重力式挡土墙green belt绿化带gridiron road system棋盘式道路系统ground control-point survey 地面控制点测量ground elevation 地面高程ground stereophotogrammetry 地面立体摄影测量guard post 标柱guard rail 护栏欢迎下载guard wall 护墙gully雨水口gutter街沟（偏沟）gutter apron 平石gutter drainage 渠道排水half-through bridge 中承式桥hard shoulder 硬路肩hardening 硬化hardness 硬度haul road运材道路heavy maintenance 大修hectometer stake 百米桩hedge绿篱height of cut and fill at ceneter stake 中桩填挖高度high strength bolt 高强螺栓high type pavement 高级路面highway 公路highway landscape design 公路景观设计hill-side line山坡线（山腰线）hilly terrain 重丘区horizontal alignment 平面线形horizontal curve 平曲线hot laid method 热铺法hot mixing method 热拌法hot stability （of bitumen）（沥青）热稳性hydraulic computation 水力计算hydraulic computation 水硬性imaginary intersection point 虚交点immersed tunnelling method 沉埋法inbound traffic 入境交通incremental launching method 顶推法industrial district road 工业区道路industrial solid waste （路用）工业废渣industrial waste base course 工业废渣基层inlet 雨水口inlet submerged culvert 半压力式涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert 无压力式涵洞inorganic binder无机结合料instrument station 测站intensity of rainstorm 暴雨强度intercepting detch 截水沟interchange互通式立体交叉interchange woth special bicycle track 分隔式立体交叉intermediate maintenance 中修欢迎下载intermediate type pavement 中级路面intersection （平面）交叉口intersection angle 交叉角，转角intersection entrance 交叉口进口intersection exit 交叉口出口intersection plan 交叉口平面图intersection point 交点intersection with widened corners 加宽转角式交叉口jack-in method 顶入法kilometer stone 里程碑land slide 坍方lane车道lane-width车道宽度lateral clear distance of curve （平曲线）横净距lay-by紧急停车带level of service道路服务水平leveling course 整平层leveling survey 水准测量light-weight concrete 轻质混凝土lighting facilities of road 道路照明设施lime pile石灰桩line development 展线linking-up road联络线，连接道路liquid asphaltic bitumen 液体沥青liquid limit 液限living fence 绿离load荷载loading berm 反压护道lading combinations 荷载组合loading plate 承载板lading platetest承载板试验local scour near pier桥墩局部冲刷local traffic境内交通location of line 定线location survey 定测。
(完整word版)公路施工词汇(中英)
design elevation of subgrade 路基设计高程minimum height of fill 最小填土高度subgrade moisture content 路基含水量critical height of subgrade 路基临界高度subgrade protection 路基防护subgrade strengthening 路基加固earth work 土方[工程]fill 填方cut，excavation 挖方borrow earth 借土waste 弃土borrow pit 取土坑waste bank 弃土堆back fill 回填土replacement of earth 换土compaction 压实degree of compaction 压实度compacting factor 压实系数tamping 夯实heavy tamping method 重锤夯实法rolling 碾压vibrating compaction 振动压实effective rolling depth 有效碾压深度rolling speed 碾压速度compaction energy 压实能量loose laying depth 松铺厚度compaction depth 压实厚度coefficient of loose laying 松铺系数reserve settlement 预留沉落量natural subsoil 天然地基consolidated subsoil 加固地基soft ground 软弱地基consolidation 固结dynamic consolidation method 动力固结法preloading method 预压法sand bag well 袋装砂井sheet drainage 排水板法drainage sand mat 排水砂垫层surcharge preloading 超载预压sand pile 砂桩lime pile 石灰桩sand well 砂井rock blasting 石方爆破blasting operation 爆破作业blasting crater 爆破漏斗throwing blasting 抛掷爆破millisecond delay blasting 毫秒爆破collapse blasting 抛坍爆破directional blasting 定向爆破open face blasting 多面临空爆破pavement 路面high class pavement 高级路面sub—high class pavement 次高级路面intermediate class pavement 中级路面曾用名“过渡式路面"。
道路工程术语标准中英文对照
道路工程术语标准中英文对照----------专专最好文～专专专服专～急所急～供所需档你你你-------------文下专最佳的地方档道路工程专专专准第2.1.1条道路 road供各专专专和行人等通行的工程专施。
按其使用特点分专公路、城市道路、专道厂路、林道路及专村道路等。
区第2.1.2条公路 highway专专城市、专村～主要供汽专行专的具专一定技专件和专施的道路。
条第2.1.3条城市道路 city road～urban road 在城市范专～供专专及行人通行的具专一定技专件和专施的道路。
内条第2.1.4条厂专道路 factories and mines road 主要供工、专山专专专通行的道路。
厂运第2.1.5条区林道路 forest road建在林～主要供各专林专专工具通行的道路。
区运第2.1.6条专村道路 country road建在专村、专专～主要供行人及各专专专专工具通行的道路。
运第2.1.7条道路工程 road engineering 以道路专专象而专行的专、勘专、专专、施工等技专活专的全专程及其所事的工程专。
划从体第2.1.8条网道路 road network在一定域～由各专道路专成的相互专专、交专成分布的道路系专。
全部由各区内网状专公路专成的公路。
在城市范专由各专道路专成的城市道路。
称网内称网第2.1.9条道路(网)密度 density of road network 在一定域～道路的专里程专专域面专的比专。
区内网与区第2.1.10条道路技专专准 technical standard of road根据道路的性专、交通量及其所专地点的自然件～定道路专到的各专技专指条确达专和专定。
第2.1.11条专专专专 design vehicle道路专专所采用的汽专专型～以其外廓尺寸、重量、专特性等特征作专道路专专的依运据。
第2.1.12条特专专专 special vehicle 外廓尺寸、重量等方面超专专专专专限界的及特殊用途的专专。
公路工程专业词汇翻译(汉英)
公路highway道路road公路工程highway engineering公路网highway network公路网密度highway density公路等级highway classification公路自然区划climatic zoning for highway公路用地highway right-of-way高速公路freeway等级公路classified highway辅导relief road干线公路arterial highway支线公路feeder highway专用公路accomodation highway国家干线公路(国道) national trunk highway省级干线公路（省道）provincial trunk highway 县公路（县道) county road乡公路（乡道) township road辐射式公路radial highway环形公路ring highway绕行公路bypass交通结构traffic structure交通组成traffic composition混合交通mixed traffic交通流traffic flow交通流理论traffic flow theory车流vehicle stream交通密度traffic density车头间距space headway车头时距time headway车间净距vehicular gap延误delay地点速度spot speed行驶速度running speed运行速度poerating speed临界速度critical speed平均速度average speed计算行车速度（设计车速）design speed交通量traffic volume年平均日交通量annual average daily traffic月平均日交通量monthly average daily traffic 年第30位最大小时交通量thirtieth highest annualhourly volume年最大小时交通量maximum annual hourly设计小时交通量design hourly volume通行能力traffic capacity基本通行能力basic traffic capacity可能通行能力possible traffic capacity设计通行能力design traffic capacity 道路服务水平level of service公路交通规划traffic planning交通调查traffic survey交通量调查traffic volume survey交通量观测站traffic volume observationstation起迄点调查（OD调查）origin-destination study 出行trip境内交通local traffic过境交通through traffic交通发生traffic generation交通分布traffic distribution交通分配traffic assignment交通预测traffic prognosis行车道carriageway分离式行车道divided carriageway车道lane变速车道speed-change lane加速车道acceleration lane减速车道deceleration lane爬坡车道climbing lane停车道parking lane错车道turn-out lane自行车道cycle path路侧人行道sidewalk分隔带lane seperator中央分隔带median divider中间带central strip路肩shoulder;verge路缘带marginal strip路缘石kerb;curb侧向余宽lateral clearance路拱camber；crown路拱横坡crown slope公路建筑限界clearance of highway公路路线highway route公路线形highway alignment平面线形horizontal alignment纵面线形vertical alignment线形要素alignment elements平曲线horizontal curve极限最小平曲线半径limited minimum radius ofhorizontal curve复曲线compound curve反向曲线reverse curve断背曲线broken—back curve回头曲线switch—back curve缓和曲线transition curve竖曲线vertical curve弯道加宽curve widening加宽缓和段transition zone of curve超高superelevation超高缓和段supere levation runoff纵坡longitudinal gradient最大纵坡maximum longitudinal gradient 最小纵坡minimum ongitudinal gradient 变坡点grade change point平均纵坡average gradiant坡长限制grade length limitation高原纵坡拆减highland grade compensation 缓和坡段transition grading zone合成坡度resultant gradent视距sight distance停车视距non—passing sight distance；stopping sight distance超车视距passing sight distance道路交叉road intersection；道口railroad grade crossing平面交叉at—grade intersection ；grade crossing正交叉right—angle intersection斜交叉skew intersection环形交叉rotary intersection十字形交叉“+”intersectionT形交叉T intersection错位交叉offset intersection；staggered junction Y形交叉Y intersection立体交叉grade separation分离式立体交叉simple grade separation，separate grade crossing互通式立体交叉interchange首蓿叶形立体交叉full cloverleaf interchange部分首蓿叶形立体交叉cloverleaf interchange菱形立体交叉diamond interchange定向式立体交叉directional interchange喇叭形立体交叉three—leg interchange环形立体交叉rotary interchange匝道ramp交叉口road crossing；intersection交叉口进口intersection entrance交叉口出口intersection exit加铺转角式交叉口intersection with widenedcorners拓宽路口式交叉口flared intersection分道转弯式交叉口channelized intersection渠化交通channelization交织weaving交织路段weaving section合流converging分流diverging 冲突点conflict point交通岛traffic island导流岛channe lization island中心岛central island安全岛refuge island沿线设施roadside facilities交通安全设施traffic safety device人行横道crosswalk人形地道pedestrian underpass人形天桥pedestrian overcrossing护栏guard fence防护栅guard fence，safety barrier 遮光栅anti-dizzling screen应急电话emergency telephone反光标志reflective sign反光路钮reflective button弯道反光镜traffic mirror道路交通标志road traffic sign警告标志warning sign禁令标志regulatory sign指示标志guide sign指路标志information sign辅助标志auxiliary sign可变信息标志changeable message sign路面标线pavement marking防雪设施snow protection facilities 防沙设施sands protection facilities 隔音墙acoustic barrier停车场parking area踏勘reconnaissance可行性研究feasibility study线形设计highway alignment design 公路景观设计highway landscape design 选线route selection路线控制点control point定线location比较线alternative line展线line development初测preliminary survey定测location survey地貌topographie fcature地物culture地形topography台地terrace垭口pass; saddle back平原区plain terrain微丘区rolling terrain重丘区hilly terrain山岭区mountainous terrain沿溪线valley line山脊线ridge line山坡线hill—side line越岭线ridge crossing line土方调配cut—fill transition土方调配图cut-fill transition program土方调配经济运距economical hauling distance导线traverse导线测量traverse survey中线center line中线测量center line survey施工测量construction survey竣工测量final survey（路线）平面图plan交点intersection point虚交点imaginary intersection point转点turning point转角intersection angle方位角azimuth angle象限角bearing方向角direction angle切线长tangent length曲线长curve length外（矢）距external secant测站instrument station测点observation point中桩center stake加桩additional stake护桩reference stake断链broken chainage水准测量levelling survey水准点bench mark绝对基面absolute datum高程elevation地面高程ground elevation设计高程designed elevation（路线)纵断面图profile中桩填挖高度cut and fill at center stake地形测量topographic survey基线base line地形图topographic map等高线contour line横断面测量cross—sectional survey横断面图cross-section坑探pit test钻探boring摄影测量photogrammetry航空摄影测量aerial photogrammetry地面立体摄影测量ground stereophoto grammetry 地面控制点测量ground control-point survey航摄基线aerophoto base影像地图photographic map像片索引图（镶辑复照图) photo index航摄像片判读aerophoto interpretation 综合法测图planimatric photo全能法测图universal photo微分法测图differential photo像片镶嵌图photo mosaic路基subgrade路堤embankment路堑cutting半填半挖式路基part cut-partfill subgrade 台口式路基benched subgrade路基宽度width of subgrade路基设计高程design elevation of subgrade (路基）最小填土高度minimum height of fill边坡side slope边坡坡度grade of side slope（边）坡顶top of slope(边）坡脚toe of slope护坡道berm边坡平台plain stage of slope碎落台berm at the foot of cutting slope 护坡slope protection挡土墙retaining wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall横重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall 悬臂式挡土墙cantilever retaining wall扶壁式挡土墙counterfort retaining wall柱板式挡土墙column-plate retaining wall 锚杆式挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods 锚碇板式挡土墙anchored bulkhead retaining wall 石笼rock filled gabion抛石riprap路基排水subgrade drainage边沟side ditch截水沟intercepting ditch排水沟drainage ditch急流槽chute跌水drop water蒸发池evaporation pond盲沟blind drain渗水井seepage well透水路堤permeable embankment过水路面ford填方fill挖方cut借土borrow earth弃土waste取土坑borrow pit弃土堆waste bank回填土back—filling黄土loess软土soft soil淤泥mud泥沼moor泥炭peat盐渍土salty soil膨胀土expansive soil冻土frozen soil流砂quicksand软弱地基soft ground强夯法dynamic consolidation预压法preloading method反压护道loading berm砂井sand drain路基沙垫层sand mat of subgrade压实compaction压实度degree of compaction（标准）最大干容重maximum dry unit weight 相对密实度relative density毛细水capillary water土石方爆破blasting crater抛掷爆破blasting for throwing rock爆破漏斗blasting crater松动爆破blasting for loosening rock爆破作用圈acting cire les of blasting路面pavement弹性层状体系理论elastic multilayer theory(回弹)弯沉deflection加州承载比（CBR）California bearing ratio（CBR) 路面宽度width of pavement路槽road trough刚性路面rigid pavement柔性路面flexible pavement路面结构层pavement structure layer面层surface course磨耗层wearing course联结层binder course基层base course垫层bed course隔水层aquitard隔温层thermal insulating course封层seal coat透层prime coat保护层protection course补强层streng thening layer 高级路面high type pavement次高级路面sub-high type pavement中级路面intermediate type pavement 低级路面low type pavement水泥混凝土路面cement concrete pavement沥青路面bituminous pavement沥青混凝土路面bituminous concrete pavement 沥青碎石路面bituminous macadam pavement 沥青贯入碎(砾）石路面bituminous penetrationpavement沥青表面处治bituminous surface treatment 块料路面block pavement石块路面stone block pavement泥结碎石路面clay-bound macadam pavement 水结碎石路面water-bound macadam pavement 级配路面graded aggregate pavement稳定土基层stabilized soil base course工业废渣基层industrial waste base course块石基层telford base层铺法spreading in layers拌和法mixing method厂拌法plant mixing method路拌法road mixing method热拌法hot mixing method冷拌法cold mixing method贯入法penetration method铺砌法pitching method缩缝contraction joint胀缝expansion joint真缝true joint假缝dummy joint横缝transverse joint纵缝longitudinal joint施工缝construction joint传力杆dowel bar拉杆tie bar路面平整度surface evenness路面粗糙度surface roughness路面摩擦系数friction coefficient of pavement 附着力adhesive force水滑现象hydroplaning phenomenon桥梁bridge公路桥highway bridge公铁两用桥highway and rail transit bridge 人形桥pedestrian bridge跨线桥overpass bridge高架桥viaduct永久性桥permanent bridge半永久性桥semi-permanent bridge临时性桥temporary bridge钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥prestressed concrete bridge钢桥steel bridge圬工桥masonry bridge木桥timber bridge正交桥right bridge斜交桥skew bridge弯桥curved bridge坡桥bridge on slope斜桥skew bridge正桥right bridge上承式桥deck bridge中承式桥half—through bridge下承式桥through bridge梁桥beam bridge简支梁桥simple supported team bridge 连续梁桥continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge联合梁桥composite beam bridge板桥slab bridge拱桥arch bridge双曲拱桥two-way curved arch bridge空腹拱桥open spandrel arch bridge实腹拱桥filled spandrel arch bridge系杆拱桥bowstring arch bridge桁架桥truss bridge钢构桥rigid frame bridgeT形钢构桥T-shaped rigid frame bridge连续钢构桥continuous rigid frame bridge 斜腿钢构桥rigid frame bridge with inclinedlegs斜拉桥(斜张桥) cable stayed bridge悬索桥suspension bridge漫水桥submersible bridge浮桥pontoon bridge开启桥movable bridge装配式桥fabricated bridge装拆式钢桥fabricated steel bridge涵洞culvert管涵pipe culvert拱涵arch culvert箱涵box culvert盖板涵slab culvert无压力式涵洞non-pressure culvert压力式涵洞pressure culvert半压力式涵洞partial pressure culvert倒虹吸涵siphon culvert上部结构superstructure 主梁main beam横梁floor beam纵梁longitudinal beam,stringer挂梁suspended beam拱圈arch,ring拱上结构spandrel structure腹拱spandrel arch拱上侧墙spandrel wall桥面系floor system,bridge decking桥面铺装bridge deck pavement伸缩缝expansion and contraction joint 桥面伸缩装置bridge floor expansion andcontraction installation安全带afety belt桥头搭板transition slab at bridge head下部结构substructure桥墩pier墩身pier body墩帽coping盖梁bent cap破冰体ice apron重力式桥墩gravity pier实体桥墩solid pier空心桥墩hollow pier柱式桥墩column pier排架桩墩pile bent pier柔性墩flexible pier制动墩braking pier单向推力墩single direction thrusted pier桥台abutment台身abutment body前墙front wall翼墙wing walls台帽coping锥坡conical slope耳墙wing wallsU形桥台U—shaped abutment八字形桥台flare wing wall abutment一字形桥台head wall abutment，straight abutment 重力式桥台gravity abutment埋置式桥台buried abutment扶壁式桥台counterforted abutment锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkhead abutment 支撑式桥台supported type abutment地基subsoil加固地基consolidated subsoil天然地基natural subsoil基础foundation扩大基础spread foundation沉井基础open caission foundation管柱基础cylindrical shaft foundation桩基础pile poundation桩pile预制桩precast pile就地灌注桩cast—in-place concrete pile摩擦桩friction pile支承桩bearing pile承台bearing platform支座bearing固定支座fixed bearing活动支座expansion bearing索塔cable bent tower索鞍cable saddle调治构造物regulating structure丁坝spur dike顺坝longitudinal dam桥位bridge site桥梁全长total length of bridge主桥main bridge引桥approach span跨径span桥涵计算跨径computed span桥涵净跨径clear span矢跨比rise span ratio计算矢高calculated rise of arch桥下净空clearance of span桥面净空clearance above bridge floor桥梁建筑高度construction height of bridge 荷载load永久荷载permanent load可变荷载variable load偶然荷载accidental load荷载组合loading combinations车辆荷载标准loading standard for design vchicle 设计荷载design load施工荷载construction load梁beam简支梁simple-supported beam连续梁continuous beam悬臂梁cantilever beam板slab拱arch桁架truss刚构rigid frame柱column强度strength刚度stiffness ，rigidity抗裂度crack resistance 稳定性stability位移displacement变形deformation挠度deflection预拱度camber流域catchment basin集水面积runoff area径流runoff水文测验hydrological survey河床river bed河槽river channel主槽main channel边滩side shoal河滩rlood land河床宽度bed width河槽宽度channel width过水断面discharge section水位water level最高（或最低)水位maximum（minimum)water level通航水位navigable water level设计水位design water level水面比降water surface slope河床比降gradient of river bed湿周weffed perimeter糙率coefficient of roughuess水力半径hydraulic radius水文计算hydrological computation设计流量designed discharge设计流速designed flow velocity行近流速approach velocity洪水调查floor survey洪水频率floor frequency设计洪水频率designed flood frequency潮汐河流tidal river悬移质suspended load推移质bed material load水力计算hydraulic computation水头water head冲刷scour桥下一般冲刷general scour under bridge桥墩（或墩台）局部冲刷local scour near pier自然演变冲刷natural scour冲刷系数coefficient of scouring淤积silting壅水back water流冰ice drift先张法pretensioning method后张法post—tensioning method缆索吊装法erection with cableway悬臂拼装法erection by protrusion悬臂浇筑法cast-in—place cantilever mathod移动支架逐跨施工法span by span method纵向拖拉法erection by longtitudinal pullingmethod顶推法incremental launching method 转体架桥法construction by swing浮运架桥法erecting by floating顶入法jack-in method围堰cofferdam护筒pile casing隧道tunnel洞门tunnel portal衬砌tunnel lining明洞open cut tunnel围岩surrounding rork隧道建筑限界structural approach limit of runnels 明挖法open cut method矿山法mine tunnelling method盾构法shield tunneling method沉埋法(沉管法）lmmersed tunnel导坑heading隧道支撑tunnel support构件支撑element support喷锚支护lock bolt support with shotcrete 隧道通风tunnel ventilation隧道照明tunnel lighting养护maintenance定期养护periodical maintenance巡回养护patrol maintenance大中修周期maintenance period小修保养routine maintenance中修intermediate maintenance大修heavy maintenance改善工程road inprovement抢修emergency repair of road加固strengthening of structure回砂sand sweeping罩面overlay of pavement路面翻修pavement recapping路向补强pavement strengthening车辙rutting路面搓板surface corrugation路面网裂net-shaped cracking路面龟裂alligator cracking路面碎裂pavement spalling反射裂缝reflection crack路面坑槽pot holes 路面冻胀surface frost heave路面沉陷pavement depression路面滑溜surface slipperiness露骨suiface angularity啃边edge failure泛油bleeding拥包upheaval拱胀blow up错台faulting of slab ends错位slab staggering滑坡slide坍方land slide崩塌collapse碎落debris avalanche沉降settlement沉陷subsidence泥石流mud avalanche（振动）液化liquefaction翻浆frost boiling岩溶karst沙害sand hazard雪害snow hazard水毁washout好路率rate of good road养护质量综合值general tating of maintenancequality路容road appearance路况road condition路况调查road condition survey路政管理rlad administration民工建勤civilian labourers working onpublic project养路费toll of road maintenance养路道班maintenance gang粒料granular material集料（骨料）aggregate矿料mineral aggregate矿粉mineral powder砂sand砾石gravel砂砾sand gravel卵石cobble stone碎石broken stone,crushed stone片石rubble块石block stone料石dressed stone石屑chip工业废渣industrial solid waste结合料binder有机结合料organic binding agent沥青bitumen地沥青asphalt天然沥青natural asphalt石油沥青petroleum asphalt煤沥青coal tar乳化沥青emulsified bitumen氧化沥青oxidized asphalt路用沥青road bitumen无机结合料inorganic binding agent粉煤灰fly ash混合料mixture沥青混合料bituminous mixture沥青混凝土混合料bituminous concrete mixture 沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadam mixture 沥青砂asphalt sand沥青膏asphalt mastic水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆lime mortar水泥混凝土混合料cement concrete mixture水泥混凝土cement concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete预应力(钢筋）混凝土prestressed concrete早强混凝土early strength concrete干硬性混凝土dry concrete贫混凝土lean concrete轻质混凝土light-wehght concrete纤维混凝土fibrous concrete外掺剂admixture减水剂water reducing agent加气剂air entraining agent早强剂early strength agent缓凝剂retarder钢筋steel bar预应力钢材prestressing steel高强钢丝high tensile steel wire钢铰线stranded steel wire冷拉钢筋cold—stretched steel bar冷拔钢丝cold—drawn steel wire高强螺栓high strength bolt空隙率porosity孔隙比void ratio粒径grain size颗粒组成grain composition细度fineness筛分sieve analysis级配gradation级配曲线grading curve最佳级配optimum gradation含水量water content 最佳含水量optimum water content稠度界限consistency limit液限liquid limit塑限plastic limit缩限shrinkage limit塑性指数plasticity index水泥标号cement mark水泥混凝土标号cement concrete mark水泥混凝土配合比proportioning of cement concrete 水灰比water cement ratio和易性workabillty坍落度slump硬化hardening水硬性hydraulicity气硬性air hardening离析segregation徐变creep老化ageing(沥青）稠度consistency (of bitumen)针入度penetration粘(滞）度viscosity软化点softening point延度ductility闪点flash point溶解度dissolubility热稳性hot stability水稳性water stability油石化asphalt-aggregate ratio含油率bitumen content压碎率rate of crushing磨耗率abrasiveness弹性模量modulus of elasticity回弹模量modulus of resilience劲度(模量）stiffness modulus模量比modulus ratio泊松比poisson’s ratio疲劳试验fatigue test劈裂试验splitting test三轴试验triaxial test击实试验compaction test触探试验cone penetration test弯沉试验deflection test环道试验circular track test承载板试验loading plate test透水性试验perviousness test车辙试验wheel tracking test马歇尔试验Marshall stability test压实度试验compactness test铺砂法sand patch method硬练胶砂强度试验earth-dry mortar strength –test 软练胶砂强度试验plastic mortar strength-test （水泥）安定性试验soundness test(of cement)击实仪compaction test equipment长杆贯入仪penetration test equipment承载板loading plate杠杆完沉仪beam lever deflectometer路面曲率半径测定仪surface—curvature apparatus 路面平整度测定仪viameter路面透水度测定仪surface permeameter五轮仪fifth-wheel tester制动仪skiddometer速度检测器speed detector万能试验机universal testing machine三轴（剪切）仪triaxial shear ratiotester加州承载比(CBR）测定仪California bearingratiotester标准筛standard sieves（沥青)针入度仪penetrometer(沥青)粘度仪viscosimeter(沥青)延度仪ductilometer（沥青）软化点仪(环—球法)softening pointtester(ringball method)闪点仪(开口杯式）flash point tester（open cupmethod）马歇尔稳定度仪Marshall stability apparatus （沥青混合料)抽提机bitumen extractor砂浆稠度仪mortar penetration tester坍落度圆锥筒slump cone标准工业粘度计standard concrete consistometer 饱和面干吸水率试模saturated—surface—duiedmoisture retention tester撞击韧度试验机impact toughness machine圆盘耐磨硬度试验机wear hardness machine狄法尔磨耗试验机Deval abrasion testing machine 洛杉矶磨耗试验机Los Angeles abrasiontestingmachine压碎率试模crushing strength tester单斗挖掘机single-bucket excavator推土机bulldozer除根机rootdozer铲运机scraper平地机grader挖沟机trencher耕耘机cultivator松土机ripper松土搅拌机pulvi-mixer稳定土拌和机stabilizer凿岩机rock breaker碎石机stone crusher 碎石撒布机stone spreader装载机loader羊足压路机sheep—foot roller手扶式单轮压路机walk behind single drum蛙式打夯机frog rammer内燃夯实机internal comtustion compactor 铁夯（铁撞柱）tamping iron压路机roller振动压路机vibratory roller沥青加热器asphalt heater沥青泵asphalt pump沥青洒布机asphalt sprayer沥青洒布车asphalt distributor沥青混合料拌和设备asphalt mixing plant沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt paver散装水泥运输车cement deliver truck水泥混凝土混合料拌和设备concrete mixing plant （水泥混凝土混合料)搅拌运输车concrete delivertruck水泥混凝土混合料摊铺机concrete paver振捣器concrete vibrator水泥混凝土混合料整面机concrete finisher真空泵vacuum pump水泥混凝土路面切缝机concrete joint cutter水泥混凝土路面锯缝机concrete saw水泥混凝土路面清缝机concrete joint cleaner水泥混凝土路面填缝机concrete joint sealer水泵pump泥浆泵mud pump张拉钢筋油泵prestressed steel bar drawing oil pump 砂浆泵mortar pump水泥混凝土混合料泵concrete pump钢筋切断机bar shear钢筋冷轧机cold-rolling mill钢筋冷拉机steel stretcher钢筋冷拔机steel bar cold-extrudingmachine钢筋冷镦机steel bar heading press machine 钢筋拉伸机steel extension machine钢筋弯曲机steel bar bender钢筋调直机steel straighten machine对焊机butt welder钻孔机boring machine打桩机pile driver拔桩机pile extractor千斤顶jack张拉预应力钢筋千斤顶prestressed steel bar drawingjack手拉葫芦chain block起重葫芦hoisting block卷扬机hoister缆索吊装设备cableway erecting equipment 起重机crane架桥机bridge erection equipment砂筒sand cylinder盾构shield全气压盾构compressed air shield半盾构roof shield隧道掘进机tunnel boring machine全断面隧道掘进机tunnel boring machine for fullcection喷枪shotcrete equipment装碴机mucker盾构千斤顶main jack拉合千斤顶pull—in jacks复拌沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt remixer路面铣削机pavemill回砂车sand sweeping equipment除雪机snow plough装雪机snow loader洗净剂喷布车detergent spray truck清扫车sweeper洒水车water truck划标线机line maker振动筛vibrating screen撒布机spreader输送机conveyer提升机elevator翻斗车dump-body car自卸汽车dumping wagon牵引车tow truck拖车头tractor truck挂车trailer平板车flat truck工程车shop truck万能杆件fabricated universal steel members 交通规划traffic rules交通事故traffic accident交通事故率traffic accident rate人口事故率population accident rate车辆事故率vehicle accident rate运行事故率operating accident rate交通控制traffic control中央控制台central control unit点控制spot control线控制line control面控制area control交通信号traffic signal交通信号灯traffic signal lamp 信号周期signal cycle绿信比split ratio信号相位signal phase相位差phase difference 绿波green wave交通监视系统traffic surveillance 交通公害vehicular pollution。
道路工程专业术语
道路工程专业术语way，road——路，道路street ——街道road，high way ——道路，公路road with limited access——控制出入道路motorway，freeway，superhighway(USA)，expressway ——高速公路，汽车（专用）路road network——道路网by-pass ——过境公路cross-town link——穿城公路ring road ——环路pedestrian underpass——人行地道single carriageway——单幅公路road with 2，3，4 lanes——2，3或4车道公路road with 2，3，4 separate carrageways ——2，3或4幅车行道的公路one-way street——单行街道cul-de-sac，dead end (USA)——尽头路through road——直达道路service road，frontage road（USA）——服务性道路，辅道major road ——主要道路primary distributor road ——主要支线道路local distributor road ——地区支线道路estate road ——小区道路rural road ——乡村道路urban road ——城市道路mountain road ——山区道路forestry road ——林区道路rural motorway ——乡区高速公路，乡区汽车（专用）路motorway with tolls ——收费高速公路，收费汽车（专用）路trunk road ——干线公路bridle path ——马道桥梁 bridge公路干道 highway工程工程学 engineering公路工程 highway engineering路基 roadbase路面 pavement构造物建造构成制造 construct施工（名） construction试验室 laboratory现场检测 field test（名）试验检验（不）进行试验 experiment试验检测测量 test质量上流社会的 quality合格，取得资格 qualify材料 material沥青柏油以沥青铺（一般指沥青路）asphalt 沥青（指原材料） bitumen沥青的 bituminous沥青混合料 bituminous mixture混凝土 concrete钢筋混凝土 RC (reinforced concrete)信誉信用贷款 credit进度快慢 tempo计划 plan评定 evaluation检查（名）检验 inspection标准水准规格标准的合格的 standard技术性的工业的 technical技术技巧技术的工艺的专门的 technic水泥 cement碎石路碎石路 macadam砂砾碎石砂砾层 gravel钢筋 reinforcing steel bar或reinfored steel 石石头石场石的石制的 stone检查员 inspector测量（名） measuring测量（及）检测（及）勘测测绘（名）survey设备仪器装置 device申请 application铺路工人 paver经理 manager加强 reinforce（被加强的 reinforced ）sign 签字署名通知list 表名册目录列举tabulation 制表列表表格mapping 绘图制图camera 照相机photo 照片给。
公路工程专业词汇翻译(汉英)
公路highway道路road公路工程highway engineering公路网highway network公路网密度highway density公路等级highway classification公路自然区划climatic zoning for highway公路用地highway right-of—way高速公路freeway等级公路classified highway辅导relief road干线公路arterial highway支线公路feeder highway专用公路accomodation highway国家干线公路(国道) national trunk highway省级干线公路（省道) provincial trunk highway县公路（县道) county road乡公路（乡道) township road辐射式公路radial highway环形公路ring highway绕行公路bypass交通结构traffic structure交通组成traffic composition混合交通mixed traffic交通流traffic flow交通流理论traffic flow theory车流vehicle stream交通密度traffic density车头间距space headway车头时距time headway车间净距vehicular gap延误delay地点速度spot speed行驶速度running speed运行速度poerating speed临界速度critical speed平均速度average speed计算行车速度(设计车速) design speed交通量traffic volume年平均日交通量annual average daily traffic月平均日交通量monthly average daily traffic 年第30位最大小时交通量thirtieth highest annualhourly volume年最大小时交通量maximum annual hourly设计小时交通量design hourly volume通行能力traffic capacity基本通行能力basic traffic capacity可能通行能力possible traffic capacity设计通行能力design traffic capacity 道路服务水平level of service公路交通规划traffic planning交通调查traffic survey交通量调查traffic volume survey交通量观测站traffic volume observationstation起迄点调查（OD调查）origin—destination study 出行trip境内交通local traffic过境交通through traffic交通发生traffic generation交通分布traffic distribution交通分配traffic assignment交通预测traffic prognosis行车道carriageway分离式行车道divided carriageway车道lane变速车道speed—change lane加速车道acceleration lane减速车道deceleration lane爬坡车道climbing lane停车道parking lane错车道turn—out lane自行车道cycle path路侧人行道sidewalk分隔带lane seperator中央分隔带median divider中间带central strip路肩shoulder;verge路缘带marginal strip路缘石kerb；curb侧向余宽lateral clearance路拱camber；crown路拱横坡crown slope公路建筑限界clearance of highway公路路线highway route公路线形highway alignment平面线形horizontal alignment纵面线形vertical alignment线形要素alignment elements平曲线horizontal curve极限最小平曲线半径limited minimum radius ofhorizontal curve复曲线compound curve反向曲线reverse curve断背曲线broken-back curve回头曲线switch-back curve缓和曲线transition curve竖曲线vertical curve弯道加宽curve widening加宽缓和段transition zone of curve超高superelevation超高缓和段supere levation runoff纵坡longitudinal gradient最大纵坡maximum longitudinal gradient 最小纵坡minimum ongitudinal gradient 变坡点grade change point平均纵坡average gradiant坡长限制grade length limitation高原纵坡拆减highland grade compensation 缓和坡段transition grading zone合成坡度resultant gradent视距sight distance停车视距non—passing sight distance；stopping sight distance超车视距passing sight distance道路交叉road intersection;道口railroad grade crossing平面交叉at—grade intersection ;grade crossing正交叉right-angle intersection斜交叉skew intersection环形交叉rotary intersection十字形交叉“+”intersectionT形交叉T intersection错位交叉offset intersection;staggered junction Y形交叉Y intersection立体交叉grade separation分离式立体交叉simple grade separation，separate grade crossing互通式立体交叉interchange首蓿叶形立体交叉full cloverleaf interchange部分首蓿叶形立体交叉cloverleaf interchange菱形立体交叉diamond interchange定向式立体交叉directional interchange喇叭形立体交叉three-leg interchange环形立体交叉rotary interchange匝道ramp交叉口road crossing；intersection交叉口进口intersection entrance交叉口出口intersection exit加铺转角式交叉口intersection with widenedcorners拓宽路口式交叉口flared intersection分道转弯式交叉口channelized intersection渠化交通channelization交织weaving交织路段weaving section合流converging分流diverging 冲突点conflict point交通岛traffic island导流岛channe lization island中心岛central island安全岛refuge island沿线设施roadside facilities交通安全设施traffic safety device人行横道crosswalk人形地道pedestrian underpass人形天桥pedestrian overcrossing 护栏guard fence防护栅guard fence,safety barrier 遮光栅anti—dizzling screen应急电话emergency telephone反光标志reflective sign反光路钮reflective button弯道反光镜traffic mirror道路交通标志road traffic sign警告标志warning sign禁令标志regulatory sign指示标志guide sign指路标志information sign辅助标志auxiliary sign可变信息标志changeable message sign 路面标线pavement marking防雪设施snow protection facilities 防沙设施sands protection facilities 隔音墙acoustic barrier停车场parking area踏勘reconnaissance可行性研究feasibility study线形设计highway alignment design 公路景观设计highway landscape design 选线route selection路线控制点control point定线location比较线alternative line展线line development初测preliminary survey定测location survey地貌topographie fcature地物culture地形topography台地terrace垭口pass；saddle back平原区plain terrain微丘区rolling terrain重丘区hilly terrain山岭区mountainous terrain沿溪线valley line山脊线ridge line山坡线hill-side line越岭线ridge crossing line土方调配cut—fill transition土方调配图cut-fill transition program土方调配经济运距economical hauling distance导线traverse导线测量traverse survey中线center line中线测量center line survey施工测量construction survey竣工测量final survey（路线)平面图plan交点intersection point虚交点imaginary intersection point转点turning point转角intersection angle方位角azimuth angle象限角bearing方向角direction angle切线长tangent length曲线长curve length外（矢）距external secant测站instrument station测点observation point中桩center stake加桩additional stake护桩reference stake断链broken chainage水准测量levelling survey水准点bench mark绝对基面absolute datum高程elevation地面高程ground elevation设计高程designed elevation（路线）纵断面图profile中桩填挖高度cut and fill at center stake地形测量topographic survey基线base line地形图topographic map等高线contour line横断面测量cross—sectional survey横断面图cross-section坑探pit test钻探boring摄影测量photogrammetry航空摄影测量aerial photogrammetry地面立体摄影测量ground stereophoto grammetry 地面控制点测量ground control—point survey 航摄基线aerophoto base影像地图photographic map像片索引图（镶辑复照图）photo index航摄像片判读aerophoto interpretation 综合法测图planimatric photo全能法测图universal photo微分法测图differential photo像片镶嵌图photo mosaic路基subgrade路堤embankment路堑cutting半填半挖式路基part cut-partfill subgrade 台口式路基benched subgrade路基宽度width of subgrade路基设计高程design elevation of subgrade (路基）最小填土高度minimum height of fill边坡side slope边坡坡度grade of side slope（边）坡顶top of slope（边）坡脚toe of slope护坡道berm边坡平台plain stage of slope碎落台berm at the foot of cutting slope 护坡slope protection挡土墙retaining wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall横重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall 悬臂式挡土墙cantilever retaining wall扶壁式挡土墙counterfort retaining wall柱板式挡土墙column-plate retaining wall 锚杆式挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods 锚碇板式挡土墙anchored bulkhead retaining wall 石笼rock filled gabion抛石riprap路基排水subgrade drainage边沟side ditch截水沟intercepting ditch排水沟drainage ditch急流槽chute跌水drop water蒸发池evaporation pond盲沟blind drain渗水井seepage well透水路堤permeable embankment过水路面ford填方fill挖方cut借土borrow earth弃土waste取土坑borrow pit弃土堆waste bank回填土back—filling黄土loess软土soft soil淤泥mud泥沼moor泥炭peat盐渍土salty soil膨胀土expansive soil冻土frozen soil流砂quicksand软弱地基soft ground强夯法dynamic consolidation预压法preloading method反压护道loading berm砂井sand drain路基沙垫层sand mat of subgrade压实compaction压实度degree of compaction(标准)最大干容重maximum dry unit weight相对密实度relative density毛细水capillary water土石方爆破blasting crater抛掷爆破blasting for throwing rock爆破漏斗blasting crater松动爆破blasting for loosening rock爆破作用圈acting cire les of blasting路面pavement弹性层状体系理论elastic multilayer theory（回弹)弯沉deflection加州承载比（CBR) California bearing ratio(CBR) 路面宽度width of pavement路槽road trough刚性路面rigid pavement柔性路面flexible pavement路面结构层pavement structure layer面层surface course磨耗层wearing course联结层binder course基层base course垫层bed course隔水层aquitard隔温层thermal insulating course封层seal coat透层prime coat保护层protection course补强层streng thening layer 高级路面high type pavement次高级路面sub-high type pavement中级路面intermediate type pavement 低级路面low type pavement水泥混凝土路面cement concrete pavement沥青路面bituminous pavement沥青混凝土路面bituminous concrete pavement 沥青碎石路面bituminous macadam pavement 沥青贯入碎(砾）石路面bituminous penetrationpavement沥青表面处治bituminous surface treatment 块料路面block pavement石块路面stone block pavement泥结碎石路面clay—bound macadam pavement水结碎石路面water—bound macadam pavement级配路面graded aggregate pavement稳定土基层stabilized soil base course工业废渣基层industrial waste base course块石基层telford base层铺法spreading in layers拌和法mixing method厂拌法plant mixing method路拌法road mixing method热拌法hot mixing method冷拌法cold mixing method贯入法penetration method铺砌法pitching method缩缝contraction joint胀缝expansion joint真缝true joint假缝dummy joint横缝transverse joint纵缝longitudinal joint施工缝construction joint传力杆dowel bar拉杆tie bar路面平整度surface evenness路面粗糙度surface roughness路面摩擦系数friction coefficient of pavement 附着力adhesive force水滑现象hydroplaning phenomenon桥梁bridge公路桥highway bridge公铁两用桥highway and rail transit bridge 人形桥pedestrian bridge跨线桥overpass bridge高架桥viaduct永久性桥permanent bridge半永久性桥semi-permanent bridge临时性桥temporary bridge钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥prestressed concrete bridge钢桥steel bridge圬工桥masonry bridge木桥timber bridge正交桥right bridge斜交桥skew bridge弯桥curved bridge坡桥bridge on slope斜桥skew bridge正桥right bridge上承式桥deck bridge中承式桥half-through bridge下承式桥through bridge梁桥beam bridge简支梁桥simple supported team bridge 连续梁桥continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge联合梁桥composite beam bridge板桥slab bridge拱桥arch bridge双曲拱桥two-way curved arch bridge空腹拱桥open spandrel arch bridge实腹拱桥filled spandrel arch bridge系杆拱桥bowstring arch bridge桁架桥truss bridge钢构桥rigid frame bridgeT形钢构桥T-shaped rigid frame bridge连续钢构桥continuous rigid frame bridge 斜腿钢构桥rigid frame bridge with inclinedlegs斜拉桥（斜张桥) cable stayed bridge悬索桥suspension bridge漫水桥submersible bridge浮桥pontoon bridge开启桥movable bridge装配式桥fabricated bridge装拆式钢桥fabricated steel bridge涵洞culvert管涵pipe culvert拱涵arch culvert箱涵box culvert盖板涵slab culvert无压力式涵洞non—pressure culvert压力式涵洞pressure culvert半压力式涵洞partial pressure culvert倒虹吸涵siphon culvert 上部结构superstructure主梁main beam横梁floor beam纵梁longitudinal beam，stringer挂梁suspended beam拱圈arch,ring拱上结构spandrel structure腹拱spandrel arch拱上侧墙spandrel wall桥面系floor system，bridge decking桥面铺装bridge deck pavement伸缩缝expansion and contraction joint 桥面伸缩装置bridge floor expansion andcontraction installation安全带afety belt桥头搭板transition slab at bridge head下部结构substructure桥墩pier墩身pier body墩帽coping盖梁bent cap破冰体ice apron重力式桥墩gravity pier实体桥墩solid pier空心桥墩hollow pier柱式桥墩column pier排架桩墩pile bent pier柔性墩flexible pier制动墩braking pier单向推力墩single direction thrusted pier桥台abutment台身abutment body前墙front wall翼墙wing walls台帽coping锥坡conical slope耳墙wing wallsU形桥台U-shaped abutment八字形桥台flare wing wall abutment一字形桥台head wall abutment,straight abutment 重力式桥台gravity abutment埋置式桥台buried abutment扶壁式桥台counterforted abutment锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkhead abutment 支撑式桥台supported type abutment地基subsoil加固地基consolidated subsoil天然地基natural subsoil基础foundation扩大基础spread foundation沉井基础open caission foundation管柱基础cylindrical shaft foundation桩基础pile poundation桩pile预制桩precast pile就地灌注桩cast—in—place concrete pile 摩擦桩friction pile支承桩bearing pile承台bearing platform支座bearing固定支座fixed bearing活动支座expansion bearing索塔cable bent tower索鞍cable saddle调治构造物regulating structure丁坝spur dike顺坝longitudinal dam桥位bridge site桥梁全长total length of bridge主桥main bridge引桥approach span跨径span桥涵计算跨径computed span桥涵净跨径clear span矢跨比rise span ratio计算矢高calculated rise of arch桥下净空clearance of span桥面净空clearance above bridge floor桥梁建筑高度construction height of bridge 荷载load永久荷载permanent load可变荷载variable load偶然荷载accidental load荷载组合loading combinations车辆荷载标准loading standard for design vchicle 设计荷载design load施工荷载construction load梁beam简支梁simple—supported beam连续梁continuous beam悬臂梁cantilever beam板slab拱arch桁架truss刚构rigid frame柱column强度strength刚度stiffness ，rigidity 抗裂度crack resistance稳定性stability位移displacement变形deformation挠度deflection预拱度camber流域catchment basin集水面积runoff area径流runoff水文测验hydrological survey河床river bed河槽river channel主槽main channel边滩side shoal河滩rlood land河床宽度bed width河槽宽度channel width过水断面discharge section水位water level最高（或最低）水位maximum（minimum)water level通航水位navigable water level设计水位design water level水面比降water surface slope河床比降gradient of river bed湿周weffed perimeter糙率coefficient of roughuess水力半径hydraulic radius水文计算hydrological computation设计流量designed discharge设计流速designed flow velocity行近流速approach velocity洪水调查floor survey洪水频率floor frequency设计洪水频率designed flood frequency潮汐河流tidal river悬移质suspended load推移质bed material load水力计算hydraulic computation水头water head冲刷scour桥下一般冲刷general scour under bridge桥墩(或墩台)局部冲刷local scour near pier自然演变冲刷natural scour冲刷系数coefficient of scouring淤积silting壅水back water流冰ice drift先张法pretensioning method后张法post—tensioning method缆索吊装法erection with cableway悬臂拼装法erection by protrusion悬臂浇筑法cast—in-place cantilever mathod移动支架逐跨施工法span by span method纵向拖拉法erection by longtitudinal pullingmethod顶推法incremental launching method 转体架桥法construction by swing浮运架桥法erecting by floating顶入法jack-in method围堰cofferdam护筒pile casing隧道tunnel洞门tunnel portal衬砌tunnel lining明洞open cut tunnel围岩surrounding rork隧道建筑限界structural approach limit of runnels 明挖法open cut method矿山法mine tunnelling method盾构法shield tunneling method沉埋法（沉管法) lmmersed tunnel导坑heading隧道支撑tunnel support构件支撑element support喷锚支护lock bolt support with shotcrete 隧道通风tunnel ventilation隧道照明tunnel lighting养护maintenance定期养护periodical maintenance巡回养护patrol maintenance大中修周期maintenance period小修保养routine maintenance中修intermediate maintenance大修heavy maintenance改善工程road inprovement抢修emergency repair of road加固strengthening of structure回砂sand sweeping罩面overlay of pavement路面翻修pavement recapping路向补强pavement strengthening车辙rutting路面搓板surface corrugation路面网裂net-shaped cracking路面龟裂alligator cracking路面碎裂pavement spalling反射裂缝reflection crack 路面坑槽pot holes路面冻胀surface frost heave路面沉陷pavement depression路面滑溜surface slipperiness露骨suiface angularity啃边edge failure泛油bleeding拥包upheaval拱胀blow up错台faulting of slab ends错位slab staggering滑坡slide坍方land slide崩塌collapse碎落debris avalanche沉降settlement沉陷subsidence泥石流mud avalanche(振动)液化liquefaction翻浆frost boiling岩溶karst沙害sand hazard雪害snow hazard水毁washout好路率rate of good road养护质量综合值general tating of maintenancequality路容road appearance路况road condition路况调查road condition survey路政管理rlad administration民工建勤civilian labourers working onpublic project养路费toll of road maintenance养路道班maintenance gang粒料granular material集料（骨料）aggregate矿料mineral aggregate矿粉mineral powder砂sand砾石gravel砂砾sand gravel卵石cobble stone碎石broken stone,crushed stone片石rubble块石block stone料石dressed stone石屑chip工业废渣industrial solid waste结合料binder有机结合料organic binding agent沥青bitumen地沥青asphalt天然沥青natural asphalt石油沥青petroleum asphalt煤沥青coal tar乳化沥青emulsified bitumen氧化沥青oxidized asphalt路用沥青road bitumen无机结合料inorganic binding agent粉煤灰fly ash混合料mixture沥青混合料bituminous mixture沥青混凝土混合料bituminous concrete mixture 沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadam mixture 沥青砂asphalt sand沥青膏asphalt mastic水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆lime mortar水泥混凝土混合料cement concrete mixture水泥混凝土cement concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete预应力（钢筋）混凝土prestressed concrete早强混凝土early strength concrete干硬性混凝土dry concrete贫混凝土lean concrete轻质混凝土light-wehght concrete纤维混凝土fibrous concrete外掺剂admixture减水剂water reducing agent加气剂air entraining agent早强剂early strength agent缓凝剂retarder钢筋steel bar预应力钢材prestressing steel高强钢丝high tensile steel wire钢铰线stranded steel wire冷拉钢筋cold-stretched steel bar冷拔钢丝cold-drawn steel wire高强螺栓high strength bolt空隙率porosity孔隙比void ratio粒径grain size颗粒组成grain composition细度fineness筛分sieve analysis级配gradation级配曲线grading curve最佳级配optimum gradation 含水量water content最佳含水量optimum water content稠度界限consistency limit液限liquid limit塑限plastic limit缩限shrinkage limit塑性指数plasticity index水泥标号cement mark水泥混凝土标号cement concrete mark水泥混凝土配合比proportioning of cement concrete 水灰比water cement ratio和易性workabillty坍落度slump硬化hardening水硬性hydraulicity气硬性air hardening离析segregation徐变creep老化ageing(沥青)稠度consistency (of bitumen)针入度penetration粘(滞)度viscosity软化点softening point延度ductility闪点flash point溶解度dissolubility热稳性hot stability水稳性water stability油石化asphalt-aggregate ratio含油率bitumen content压碎率rate of crushing磨耗率abrasiveness弹性模量modulus of elasticity回弹模量modulus of resilience劲度（模量）stiffness modulus模量比modulus ratio泊松比poisson's ratio疲劳试验fatigue test劈裂试验splitting test三轴试验triaxial test击实试验compaction test触探试验cone penetration test弯沉试验deflection test环道试验circular track test承载板试验loading plate test透水性试验perviousness test车辙试验wheel tracking test马歇尔试验Marshall stability test压实度试验compactness test铺砂法sand patch method硬练胶砂强度试验earth—dry mortar strength–test软练胶砂强度试验plastic mortar strength—test （水泥）安定性试验soundness test(of cement）击实仪compaction test equipment长杆贯入仪penetration test equipment承载板loading plate杠杆完沉仪beam lever deflectometer路面曲率半径测定仪surface—curvature apparatus 路面平整度测定仪viameter路面透水度测定仪surface permeameter五轮仪fifth—wheel tester制动仪skiddometer速度检测器speed detector万能试验机universal testing machine三轴(剪切)仪triaxial shear ratiotester加州承载比（CBR)测定仪California bearingratiotester标准筛standard sieves(沥青）针入度仪penetrometer(沥青）粘度仪viscosimeter（沥青)延度仪ductilometer(沥青)软化点仪（环-球法)softening pointtester（ringball method）闪点仪(开口杯式）flash point tester（open cupmethod）马歇尔稳定度仪Marshall stability apparatus （沥青混合料)抽提机bitumen extractor砂浆稠度仪mortar penetration tester坍落度圆锥筒slump cone标准工业粘度计standard concrete consistometer 饱和面干吸水率试模saturated—surface—duiedmoisture retention tester撞击韧度试验机impact toughness machine圆盘耐磨硬度试验机wear hardness machine狄法尔磨耗试验机Deval abrasion testing machine 洛杉矶磨耗试验机Los Angeles abrasiontestingmachine压碎率试模crushing strength tester单斗挖掘机single—bucket excavator推土机bulldozer除根机rootdozer铲运机scraper平地机grader挖沟机trencher耕耘机cultivator松土机ripper松土搅拌机pulvi-mixer稳定土拌和机stabilizer 凿岩机rock breaker碎石机stone crusher碎石撒布机stone spreader装载机loader羊足压路机sheep-foot roller手扶式单轮压路机walk behind single drum蛙式打夯机frog rammer内燃夯实机internal comtustion compactor 铁夯（铁撞柱）tamping iron压路机roller振动压路机vibratory roller沥青加热器asphalt heater沥青泵asphalt pump沥青洒布机asphalt sprayer沥青洒布车asphalt distributor沥青混合料拌和设备asphalt mixing plant沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt paver散装水泥运输车cement deliver truck水泥混凝土混合料拌和设备concrete mixing plant (水泥混凝土混合料)搅拌运输车concrete delivertruck水泥混凝土混合料摊铺机concrete paver振捣器concrete vibrator水泥混凝土混合料整面机concrete finisher真空泵vacuum pump水泥混凝土路面切缝机concrete joint cutter水泥混凝土路面锯缝机concrete saw水泥混凝土路面清缝机concrete joint cleaner水泥混凝土路面填缝机concrete joint sealer水泵pump泥浆泵mud pump张拉钢筋油泵prestressed steel bar drawing oil pump 砂浆泵mortar pump水泥混凝土混合料泵concrete pump钢筋切断机bar shear钢筋冷轧机cold-rolling mill钢筋冷拉机steel stretcher钢筋冷拔机steel bar cold-extrudingmachine钢筋冷镦机steel bar heading press machine 钢筋拉伸机steel extension machine钢筋弯曲机steel bar bender钢筋调直机steel straighten machine对焊机butt welder钻孔机boring machine打桩机pile driver拔桩机pile extractor千斤顶jack张拉预应力钢筋千斤顶prestressed steel bar drawingjack手拉葫芦chain block起重葫芦hoisting block卷扬机hoister缆索吊装设备cableway erecting equipment 起重机crane架桥机bridge erection equipment砂筒sand cylinder盾构shield全气压盾构compressed air shield半盾构roof shield隧道掘进机tunnel boring machine全断面隧道掘进机tunnel boring machine for fullcection喷枪shotcrete equipment装碴机mucker盾构千斤顶main jack拉合千斤顶pull-in jacks复拌沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt remixer路面铣削机pavemill回砂车sand sweeping equipment除雪机snow plough装雪机snow loader洗净剂喷布车detergent spray truck清扫车sweeper洒水车water truck划标线机line maker振动筛vibrating screen撒布机spreader输送机conveyer提升机elevator翻斗车dump-body car自卸汽车dumping wagon牵引车tow truck拖车头tractor truck挂车trailer平板车flat truck工程车shop truck万能杆件fabricated universal steel members 交通规划traffic rules交通事故traffic accident交通事故率traffic accident rate人口事故率population accident rate车辆事故率vehicle accident rate运行事故率operating accident rate交通控制traffic control中央控制台central control unit点控制spot control线控制line control面控制area control 交通信号traffic signal交通信号灯traffic signal lamp信号周期signal cycle绿信比split ratio信号相位signal phase相位差phase difference 绿波green wave交通监视系统traffic surveillance 交通公害vehicular pollution。
道路工程术语标准中英文对照---精品管理资料
道路工程术语标准第2。
1.1条道路road供各种车辆和行人等通行的工程设施.按其使用特点分为公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路及乡村道路等。
第2.1。
2条公路highway联结城市、乡村，主要供汽车行驶的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2。
1.3条城市道路city road；urban road在城市范围内，供车辆及行人通行的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1。
4条厂矿道路factories and mines road主要供工厂、矿山运输车辆通行的道路.第2.1.5条林区道路forest road建在林区,主要供各种林业运输工具通行的道路。
第2.1.6条乡村道路country road建在乡村、农场，主要供行人及各种农业运输工具通行的道路.第2。
1。
7条道路工程road engineering以道路为对象而进行的规划、勘测、设计、施工等技术活动的全过程及其所从事的工程实体。
第2.1.8条道路网road network在一定区域内，由各种道路组成的相互联络、交织成网状分布的道路系统。
全部由各级公路组成的称公路网。
在城市范围内由各种道路组成的称城市道路网.第2.1.9条道路(网)密度density of road network在一定区域内，道路网的总里程与该区域面积的比值。
第2。
1。
10条道路技术标准technical standard of road根据道路的性质、交通量及其所处地点的自然条件，确定道路应达到的各项技术指标和规定。
第2.1.11条设计车辆design vehicle道路设计所采用的汽车车型,以其外廓尺寸、重量、运转特性等特征作为道路设计的依据。
第2.1。
12条特种车辆special vehicle外廓尺寸、重量等方面超过设计车辆限界的及特殊用途的车辆.第2.1.13条计算行车速度（设计车速) design speed道路几何设计(包括平曲线半径、纵坡、视距等)所采用的行车速度。
道路术语中英文对照
中英术语对照公路highway 道路road 公路工程highway engineering 公路网highway network 公路网密度highway density 公路等级highway classification 公路自然区划climatic zoning for highway 公路用地highway right-of-way 高速公路freeway expressway 等级公路classified highway 辅道relief road 干线公路arterial highway 支线公路feeder highway 专用公路accommodation highway 国家干线公路国道national trunk highway 省级干线公路国道provincial trunk highway 县公路县道county road 乡公路乡道township road 辐射式公路radial highway 环形公路ring highway 绕行公路bypass 交通结构traffic structure 交通组成traffic composition 混合交通mixed traffic 交通流traffic flow 交通流理论traffic flow theory 车流vehicle stream 交通密度traffic density 车头间距space headway 车头时距time headway 车间净距vehicular gap 延误delay 地点速度spot speed 行驶速度running speed 运行速度operating speed 临界速度critical speed 平均速度average speed 计算行车速度设计车速design speed 交通量traffic volume 年平均日交通量annual average daily traffic 月平均日交通量monthly average daily traffic 年第30位最大小时交通量thirtieth highest annual hourly volume 年最大小时交通量maximum annual hourly 设计小时交通量design hourly volume 通行能力traffic capacity 基本通行能力basic traffic capacity 可能通行能力possible traffic capacity 设计通行能力design traffic capacity 道路服务水平level of service 公路交通规划traffic planning 交通调查traffic survey 交通量调查traffic volume survey 交通量观测站traffic volume observation station 起迄点调查OD 调查origin-destination study 出行trip 境内交通local traffic 过境交通through traffic 交通发生traffic generation 交通分布traffic distribution 交通分配traffic assignment 交通预测traffic prognosis 行车道carriageway 分离式行车道divided carriageway 车道lane 变速车道speed-change lane 加速车道acceleration lane 减速车道deceleration lane 爬坡车道climbing lane 停车道parking lane 错车道turn-out lane 自行车道cycle path 路侧人行道sidewalk 分隔带lane separator 中央分隔带median divider 中间带central strip 路肩shoulderverge 路缘带marginal strip 路缘石kerbcurb 侧向余宽lateral clearance 路拱cambercrown 路拱横坡crown slope 公路建筑限界clearance of highway 公路路线highway route 公路线形highway alignment 平面线形horizontal alignment 纵面线形vertical alignment 线形要素alignment elements 平曲线horizontal curve 极限最小平曲线半径limited minimum radius of horizontal curve 复曲线compound curve 反向曲线reverse curve 断背曲线broken-back curve 回头曲线switch-back curve 缓和曲线transition curve 竖曲线vertical curve 弯道加宽curve widening 加宽缓和段transition zone of curve 超高superelevation 超高缓和段superelevation runoff 纵坡longitudinal gradient 最大纵坡maximum longitudinal gradient 最小纵坡minimum longitudinal gradient 变坡点grade change point 平均纵坡average gradiant 坡长限制grade length limitation 高原纵坡拆减highland grade compensation 缓和坡段transition grading zone 合成坡度resultant gradient 视距sight distance 停车视距non-passing sight distance stopping sight distance 超车视距passing sight distance 道路交叉road intersection 道口railroad grade crossing 平面交叉at-grade intersectiongrade crossing 正交叉right-angle intersection 斜交叉skew intersection 环形交叉rotary intersection 十字形交叉quotquot T形交叉T intersection错位交叉offset intersection staggered junction Y形交叉Y intersection 立体交叉grade separation 分离式立体交叉simple grade separation separate grade crossing 互通式立体交叉interchange 苜蓿叶形立体交叉full cloverleaf interchange 部分苜蓿叶形立体交叉cloverleaf interchange 菱形立体交叉diamond interchange 定向式立体交叉directional interchange 喇叭形立体交叉three-Leg interchange 环形立体交叉rotary interchange 匝道ramp 交叉口road crossingintersection 交叉口进口intersection entrance 交叉口出口intersection exit 加铺转角式交叉口intersection with widened corners 拓宽路口式交叉口flared intersection 分道转弯式交叉口channelized intersection 渠化交通channelization 交织weaving 交织路段weaving section 合流converging 分流diverging 冲突点conflict point 交通岛traffic island 导流岛channelization island 中心岛central island 安全岛refuge island 沿线设施roadside facilities 交通安全设施traffic safety device 人行横道crosswalk 人行地道pedestrian underpass 人行天桥pedestrian overcrossing 护栏guard fence 防护栅guard fencesafety barrier 遮光栅anti-dizzling screen 应急电话emergency telephone 反光标志reflective sign 反光路钮reflective button 弯道反光镜traffic mirror 道路交通标志road traffic sign 警告标志warning sign 禁令标志regulatory sign 指示标志guide sign 指路标志information sign 辅助标志auxiliary sign 可变信息标志changeable message sign 路面标线pavement marking 防雪设施snow protection facilities 防沙设施sands protection facilities 隔音墙acoustic barrier 停车场parking area 踏勘reconnaissance 可行性研究feasibility study 线形设计highway alignment design 公路景观设计highway landscape design 选线route selection 路线控制点control point 定线location 比较线alternative line 展线line development 初测preliminary survey 定测location survey 地貌topographic feature 地物culture 地形topography 台地terrace 垭口passsaddle back 平原区plain terrain 微丘区rolling terrain 重丘区hilly terrain 山岭区mountainous terrain 沿溪线valley line 山脊线ridge line 山坡线hill-side line 越岭线ridge crossing line 土方调配cut-fill transition 土方调配图cut-fill transition program 土方调配经济运距economical hauling distance 导线traverse 导线测量traverse survey 中线center line 中线测量center line survey 施工测量construction survey 竣工测量final survey 路线平面图plan 交点intersection point 虚交点imaginary intersection point 转点turning point 转角intersection angle 方位角azimuth angle 象限角bearing 方向角direction angle 切线长tangent length 曲线长curve length 外矢距external secant 测站instrument station 测点observation point 中桩center stake 加桩additional stake 护桩reference stake 断链broken chainage 水准测量leveling survey 水准点bench mark 绝对基面absolute datum 高程elevation 地面高程ground elevation 设计高程designed elevation 路线纵断面图profile 中桩填挖高度cut and fill at center stake 地形测量topographic survey 基线base line 地形图topographic map 等高线contour line 横断面测量cross-sectional survey 横断面图cross-section 坑探pit test 钻探boring 摄影测量photogrammetry 航空摄影测量aerial photogrammetry 地面立体摄影测量ground stereophoto grammetry 地面控制点测量ground control-point survey 航摄基线aerophoto base 影像地图photographic map 像片索引图镶辑复照图photo index 航摄像片判读aerophoto interpretation 综合法测图planimatric photo 全能法测图universal photo 微分法测图differential photo 像片镶嵌图photo mosaic 路基subgrade 路堤embankment 路堑cutting 半填半挖式路基part cut-part fill subgrade 台口式路基benched subgrade 路基宽度width of subgrade 路基设计高程design elevation of subgrade 路基最小填土高度minimum height of fill 边坡side slope 边坡坡度grade of side slope 边坡顶top of slope 边坡脚toe of slope 护坡道berm 边坡平台plain stage of slope 碎落台berm at the foot of cutting slope 护坡slope protection 挡土墙retaining wall 重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall 衡重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall 悬臂式挡土墙cantilever retaining wall 扶壁式挡土墙counterfort retaining wall 柱板式挡土墙column-plate retaining wall 锚杆式挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods 锚碇板式挡土墙anchored bulkhead retaining wall 石笼rock filled gabion 抛石riprap 路基排水subgrade drainage 边沟side ditch 截水沟intercepting ditch 排水沟drainage ditch 急流槽chute 跌水drop water 蒸发池evaporation pond 盲沟blind drain 渗水井seepage well 透水路堤permeable embankment 过水路面ford 填方fill 挖方cut 借土borrow earth 弃土waste 取土坑borrow pit 弃土堆waste bank 回填土back-filling 黄土loess 软土soft soil 淤泥mud 泥沼moor 泥炭peat 盐渍土salty soil 膨胀土expansive soil 冻土frozen soil 多年冻土permafrost 流砂quicksand 软弱地基soft ground 强夯法dynamic consolidation 预压法preloading method 反压护道loading berm 砂井sand drain 路基砂垫层sand mat of subgrade 压实compaction 压实度degree of compaction 标准最大干容重maximum dry unit weight 相对密实度relative density 毛细水capillary water土石方爆破blasting procedure 抛掷爆破blasting for throwing rock 爆破漏斗blasting crater 松动爆破blasting for loosening rock 爆破作用圈acting circles of blasting 路面pavement 弹性层状体系理论elastic multilayer theory 回弹弯沉deflection 加州承载比CBRCalifornia bearing ratioCBR 路面宽度width of pavement 路槽road trough 刚性路面rigid pavement 柔性路面flexible pavement 路面结构层pavement structure layer 面层surface course 磨耗层wearing course 联结层binder course 基层base course 垫层bed course 隔水层aquitard 隔温层thermal insulating course 封层seal coat 透层prime coat 保护层protection course 补强层strengthening layer 高级路面high type pavement 次高级路面sub-high type pavement 中级路面intermediate type pavement低级路面low type pavement 水泥混凝土路面cement concrete pavement 沥青路面bituminous pavement 沥青混凝土路面bituminous concrete pavement 沥青碎石路面bituminous macadam pavement 沥青贯入碎砾石路面bituminous penetration pavement 沥青表面处治bituminous surface treatment 块料路面block pavement 石块路面stone block pavement 泥结碎石路面clay-bound macadam pavement 水结碎石路面water-bound macadam pavement 级配路面graded aggregate pavement 稳定土基层stabilized soil base course 工业废渣基层industrial waste base course 块石基层Telford base 层铺法spreading in layers 拌和法mixing method 厂拌法plant mixing method 路拌法road mixing method 热拌法hot mixing method 冷拌法cold mixing method 热铺法hot laid method 冷铺法cold laid method 贯入法penetration method 铺砌法pitching method 缩缝contraction joint 胀缝expansion joint 真缝true joint 假缝dummy joint横缝transverse joint 纵缝longitudinal joint 施工缝construction joint 传力杆dowel bar 拉杆tie bar 路面平整度surface evenness 路面粗糙度surface roughness 路面摩擦系数friction coefficient of pavement 附着力adhesive force 水滑现象hydroplaning phenomenon 桥梁bridge 公路桥highway bridge 公铁两用桥highway and rail transit bridge 人行桥pedestrian bridge 跨线桥overpass bridge 高架桥viaduct 永久性桥permanent bridge 半永久性桥semi-permanent bridge 临时性桥temporary bridge 钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge 预应力混凝土桥prestressed concrete bridge 钢桥steel bridge 圬工桥masonry bridge 木桥timber bridge 正交桥right bridge 斜交桥skew bridge 弯桥curved bridge 坡桥bridge on slope 斜桥skew bridge 正桥right bridge 上承式桥deck bridge 中承式桥half-through bridge 下承式桥through bridge 梁桥beam bridge 简支梁桥simple supported beam bridge 连续梁桥continuous beam bridge 悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge 联合梁桥composite beam bridge 板桥slab bridge 拱桥arch bridge 双曲拱桥two-way curved arch bridge 空腹拱桥open spandrel arch bridge 实腹拱桥filled spandrel arch bridge 系杆拱桥bowstring arch bridge 桁架桥truss bridge 刚构桥rigid frame bridge T形刚构桥T-shaped rigid frame bridge 连续刚构桥continuous rigid frame bridge 斜腿刚构桥rigid frame bridge with inclined legs 斜拉桥斜张桥cable stayed bridge 悬索桥suspension bridge 漫水桥submersible bridge 浮桥pontoon bridge 开启桥movable bridge 装配式桥fabricated bridge 装拆式钢桥fabricated steel bridge 涵洞culvert 管涵pipe culvert 拱涵arch culvert 箱涵box culvert 盖板涵slab culvert 无压力式涵洞non-pressure culvert 压力式涵洞pressure culvert 半压力式涵洞partial pressure culvert 倒虹吸涵siphon culvert 上部结构superstructure主梁main beam 横梁floor beam 纵梁longitudinal beam stringer 挂梁suspended beam 拱圈archring 拱上结构spandrel structure 腹拱spandrel arch 拱上侧墙spandrel wall 桥面系floor system bridge decking 桥面铺装bridge deck pavement 伸缩缝expansion and contraction joint 桥面伸缩装置bridge floor expansion and contraction installation 安全带safety belt 桥头搭板transition slab at bridge head 下部结构substructure 桥墩pier 墩身pier body 墩帽coping 盖梁bent cap 破冰体ice apron 重力式桥墩gravity pier 实体桥墩solid pier 空心桥墩hollow pier 柱式桥墩column pier 排架桩墩pile bent pier 柔性墩flexible pier 制动墩braking pier 单向推力墩single direction thrusted pier 桥台abutment 台身abutment body 前墙front wall 翼墙wing walls 台帽coping 锥坡conical slope 耳墙wing walls U形桥台U-shaped abutment 八字形桥台flare wing wall abutment 一字形桥台head wall abutment straight abutment 重力式桥台gravity abutment 埋置式桥台buried abutment 扶壁式桥台counterforted abutment 锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkhead abutment 支撑式桥台supported type abutment 地基subsoil 加固地基consolidated subsoil 天然地基natural subsoil 基础foundation 扩大基础spread foundation 沉井基础open caisson foundation 管柱基础cylindrical shaft foundation 桩基础pile foundation 桩pile 预制桩precast pile 就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile 摩擦桩friction pile 支承桩bearing pile 承台bearing platform 支座bearing 固定支座fixed bearing 活动支座expansion bearing 索塔cable bent tower 索鞍cable saddle 调治构造物regulating structure 丁坝spur dike 顺坝longitudinal dam 桥位bridge site 桥梁全长total length of bridge 主桥main bridge 引桥approach span 跨径span 桥涵计算跨径computed span 桥涵净跨径clear span 矢跨比rise span ratio 计算矢高calculated rise of arch 桥下净空clearance of span 桥面净空clearance above bridge floor 桥梁建筑高度construction height of bridge 荷载load 永久荷载permanent load 可变荷载variable load 偶然荷载accidental load 荷载组合loading combinations 车辆荷载标准loading standard for design vehicle 设计荷载design load 施工荷载construction load梁beam 简支梁simple-supported beam 连续梁continuous beam 悬臂梁cantilever beam 板slab 拱arch 桁架truss 刚构rigid frame 柱column 强度strength 刚度stiffness rigidity 抗裂度crack resistance 稳定性stability 位移displacement 变形deformation挠度deflection 预拱度camber 流域catchment basin 集水面积runoff area 径流runoff 水文测验hydrological survey 河床river bed 河槽river channel 主槽main channel 边滩side shoal 河滩flood land 河床宽度bed width 河槽宽度channel width 过水断面discharge section 水位water level 最高或最低水位maximum minimumwater level 通航水位navigable water level 设计水位design water lever 水面比降water surface slope 河床比降gradient of river bed 湿周wetted perimeter 糙率coefficient of roughness 水力半径hydraulic radius 水文计算hydrological computation 设计流量designed discharge 设计流速designed flow velocity 行近流速approach velocity 洪水调查flood survey 洪水频率flood frequency 设计洪水频率designed flood frequency 潮汐河流tidal river 悬移质suspended load 推移质bed material load 水力计算hydraulic computation 水头water head 冲刷scour 桥下一般冲刷general scour under bridge 桥墩或台局部冲刷local scour near pier 自然演变冲刷natural scour 冲刷系数coefficient of scouring 淤积silting 壅水back water 流冰ice drift 先张法pretensioning method 后张法post-tensioning method 缆索吊装法erection with cableway 悬臂拼装法erection by protrusion 悬臂浇筑法cast-in-place cantilever method 移动支架逐跨施工法span by span method 纵向拖拉法erection by longitudinal pulling method 顶推法incremental launching method 转体架桥法construction by swing 浮运架桥法erecting by floating顶入法jack-in method 围堰cofferdam 护筒pile casing 隧道tunnel 洞门tunnel portal 衬砌tunnel lining 明洞open cut tunnel 围岩surrounding rock 隧道建筑限界structural approach limit of tunnels 明挖法open cut method 矿山法mine tunnelling method 盾构法shield tunnelling method 沉埋法沉管法immersed tunnel 导坑heading 隧道支撑tunnel support 构件支撑element support 喷锚支护lock bolt support with shotcrete 隧道通风tunnel ventilation 隧道照明tunnel lighting 养护maintenance 定期养护periodical maintenance 巡回养护patrol maintenance 大中修周期maintenance period小修保养routine maintenance 中修intermediate maintenance 大修heavy maintenance 改善工程road improvement 抢修emergency repair of road 加固strengthening of structure 回砂sand sweeping 罩面overlay of pavement 路面翻修pavement recapping 路面补强pavement strengthening 车辙rutting 路面搓板surface corrugation 路面网裂net-shaped cracking 路面龟裂alligator cracking 路面碎裂pavement spalling 反射裂缝reflection crack 路面坑槽pot holes 路面冻胀surface frost heave 路面沉陷pavement depression 路面滑溜surface slipperiness 露骨surface angularity 啃边edge failure 泛油bleeding 拥包upheaval 拱胀blow up 错台faulting of slab ends 错法slab staggering 滑坡slide 坍方land slide 崩塌collapse 碎落debris avalanche 沉降settlement 沉陷subsidence 泥石流mud avalanche 振动液化liquefaction 翻浆frost boiling 岩溶karst 沙害sand hazard 雪害snow hazard 水毁washout 好路率rate of good roads 养护质量综合值general rating of maintenance quality 路容road appearance 路况road condition 路况调查road condition survey 路政管理road ad.。
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道路工程专业术语中英对照第一节一般规定第2.1.1条道路 road供各种车辆和行人等通行的工程设施。
按其使用特点分为公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路及乡村道路等。
第2.1.2条公路 highway联结城市、乡村，主要供汽车行驶的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1.3条城市道路 city road；urban road在城市范围内，供车辆及行人通行的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1.4条厂矿道路 factories and mines road主要供工厂、矿山运输车辆通行的道路。
第2.1.5条林区道路 forest road建在林区，主要供各种林业运输工具通行的道路。
第2.1.6条乡村道路 country road建在乡村、农场，主要供行人及各种农业运输工具通行的道路。
第2.1.7条道路工程 road engineering以道路为对象而进行的规划、勘测、设计、施工等技术活动的全过程及其所从事的工程实体。
第2.1.8条道路网 road network在一定区域内，由各种道路组成的相互联络、交织成网状分布的道路系统。
全部由各级公路组成的称公路网。
在城市范围内由各种道路组成的称城市道路网。
第2.1.9条道路(网)密度 density of road network在一定区域内，道路网的总里程与该区域面积的比值。
第2.1.10条道路技术标准 technical standard of road根据道路的性质、交通量及其所处地点的自然条件，确定道路应达到的各项技术指标和规定。
第2.1.11条设计车辆 design vehicle道路设计所采用的汽车车型，以其外廓尺寸、重量、运转特性等特征作为道路设计的依据。
第2.1.12条特种车辆 special vehicle外廓尺寸、重量等方面超过设计车辆限界的及特殊用途的车辆。
第2.1.13条计算行车速度(设计车速) design speed道路几何设计(包括平曲线半径、纵坡、视距等)所采用的行车速度。
第2.1.14条道路建筑限界 boundary line of road construction为保证车辆和行人正常通行，规定在道路的一定宽度和高度范围内不允许有任何设施及障碍物侵入的空间范围。
第2.1.15条净空 clearance道路上无任何障碍物侵入的空间范围。
其高度称净高，其宽度称净宽。
第2.1.16条等级道路 classified road技术条件和设施符合道路技术标准的道路。
第2.1.17条辅道 relief road设在道路的一侧或两侧，供不允许驶入或准备由出入口驶入该道路的车辆或拖拉机等行驶的道路。
第二节公路第2.2.1条高速公路 free way；motorway具有四个或四个以上车道，设有中央分隔带，全部立体交叉并全部控制出入的专供汽车高速行驶的公路。
第2.2.2条等级公路 classified highway技术条件和设施符合国家标准或部标准的公路。
第2.2.3条干线公路 arterial highway在公路网中起骨架作用的公路。
第2.2.4条支线公路 feeder highway在公路网中起连接作用的公路。
第2.2.5条国家干线公路(国道) natilnal trunk highway在国家公路网中，具有全国性的政治、经济、国防意义，并经确定为国家干线的公路。
第2.2.6条省干线公路(省道) provincial trunk highway在省公路网中，具有全省性的政治、经济、国防意义，并经确定为省级干线的公路。
第2.2.7条县公路(县道) county road具有全县性的政治、经济意义，并经确定为县级的公路。
第2.2.8条乡公路(乡道) township road (county road)主要为乡村生产、生活服务并经确定为乡级的公路。
第2.2.9条绕行公路 bypass为使干线上行驶的车辆避开城镇或交通拥挤路段等而修建的公路。
第2.2.10条公路自然区划 clinatic zoning for highway根据全国各地气候、水文、地质、地形等条件对公路工程的影响而划分的地理区域。
第三节城市道路第2.3.1条 (城市)快速路 expressway城市道路中设有中央分隔带，具有四条以上的车道，全部或部分采用立体交叉与控制出入，供车辆以较高的速度行驶的道路。
第2.3.2条 (城市)主干路 arterial road在城市道路网中起骨架作用的道路。
第2.3.3条 (城市)次干路 secondary trunk road城市道路网中的区域性干路，与主干路相连接，构成完整的城市干路系统。
第2.3.4条 (城市)支路 branch road城市道路网中干路以外联系次干路或供区域内部使用的道路。
第2.3.5条街道 street在城市范围内，全路或大部分地段两侧建有各式建筑物，设有人行道和各种市政公用设施的道路。
第2.3.6条郊区道路 suburban road位于城市郊区的城市道路。
第2.3.7条居住区道路 residential street以住宅建筑为主体的区域内的道路。
第2.3.8条工业区道路 industial district road以工业为主体的区域内的道路。
第四节厂矿道路第2.4.1条厂外道路 ractory-out road厂矿围墙(厂矿区)范围外的道路，包括对外道路、联络道路等。
第2.4.2条厂内道路 factory-in road厂矿围墙(厂矿区)范围内的道路(露天矿山道路除外)，包括主干道、次干道、支道、车间引道和人行道。
第2.4.3条 (厂内)主干道 arterial road连接厂内主要出入口的道路和运输繁忙的全厂性道路。
第2.4.4条 (厂内)次干道 secondary trunk road连接厂区次要出入口的道路或厂内车间、仓库、码头等之间运输较繁忙的道路。
第2.4.5条 (厂内)支道 branch road厂区内车辆和行人都较少的以及可供消防车辆行驶的道路。
第2.4.6条露天矿山道路 opencast mine road露天矿山范围内行驶矿山(自卸)汽车的道路或通往附属厂(车间)和各种辅助设施行驶各类汽车的道路。
第2.4.7条生产干线 prductive arterial road采矿场开采台阶通往卸矿点或废石场的共用道路。
第2.4.8条生产支线 productive branch road由开采台阶或废石场与生产干线相连接的道路或由一个开采台阶直接到卸矿点或废石场的道路。
第2.4.9条联络线 linking-up road与露天矿生产干线、支线相连接，经常行驶矿山(自卸)汽车的道路。
第五节林区道路第2.5.1条林区公路 forest highway主要供汽车行驶的林业专用公路。
第2.5.2条运材道路 haul road林业企业在木材装车场或楞场（山场）与贮木场之间按照森林经营要求修建的道路。
第2.5.3条集材道路 skid road林业企业在木材伐区至木材装车场或楞场(山场)之间修建的专供集材作业使用的道路。
第2.5.4条护林防火道路protection forest fire-proof road以护林防火为主要用途的道路。
第2.5.5条连接道路 linking-up road在林区内部，沟通相邻的林业企业和企业内部林场之间交通的道路。
第2.5.6条冻板道路 freeze road冬季寒冷地区，靠地面冻结后达到可承受车辆荷载的、只在冰冻期内使用的季节性道路。
第2.5.7条木排道 corduroy road在泥沼地带，用木杆及灌木为主要材料铺筑的道路。
第六节其他道路第2.6.1条自行车道 cycle track；cycle path主要供自行车通行的道路，在城市中可自成系统。
第2.6.2条畜力车道 cattle-pass主要供畜力车通行的道路。
第2.6.3条驮道 bridler road主要供畜力驮运使用的道路，一般建在山区。
第三章道路交通第一节道路交通结构第3.1.1条交通组成 traffic composition在交通流中各类运行单元的数量及其所占百分比。
第3.1.2条混合交通 mixed traffic汽车与非机动车或车辆与行人，在同一道路上混行的交通。
第3.1.3条交通流 traffic flow道路上车流和人流的统称。
第3.1.4条车流 vehicle stream众多车辆在车道上连续行驶所形成的流动状态。
第3.1.5条交通密度 traffic density一个车道单位长度内某一瞬时存在的车辆数，以辆每千米表示。
第3.1.6条车头间距 spachead way在同一车道上行驶的车辆队列中，两连续车辆车头端部间瞬时的距离。
第3.1.7条车头时距 time headway在同一车道上行驶的车辆队列中，两连续车辆车头端部通过某一断面的时间间隔。
第3.1.8条车(辆)间净距 vehicular gap在同一车道上行驶的车辆队列中，两连续车辆的前车尾端至后车前端之间的瞬时距离。
第3.1.9条延误 delay由于驾驶人员无法控制的因素所引起的行驶时间的损失。
第3.1.10条点速度 spot speed车辆驶过道路某一新面时的瞬时速度。
第3.1.11条行驶速度 running speed车辆驶过某一区间，全行程内单位时间正常运行(不包括停车)的距离。
第3.1.12条区间速度 overall speed车辆驶过某一区间，全行程内单位时间运行(包括停车时间)的距离。
第3.1.13条运行速度 operating speed驾驶人员根据实际道路条件、交通条件、良好气候条件等能保持安全行驶的最高速度。
第3.1.14条临界速度 Optimum speed；critical speed在某一路段上通行能力最大时的空间平均速度。
第3.1.15条时间平均速度 time mean speed在给定的时间内，通过某一断面所有行驶车辆点速度的平均值。
第3.1.16条空间平均速度 space mean speed在给定的时间内，在某一路段上所有车辆单位时间行驶距离的平均值。
第3.1.17条经济车速 economic speed汽车行驶中消耗燃料最节省的速度。
第3.1.18条自由车速 free-flow speed不受其它车辆影响的条件下，驾驶人员按自己的能力所及选择的行驶速度。
第3.1.19条交通量 traffic volume在单位时间内通过道路某一断面的通行单元(车辆或行人)数。
通常专指车辆数。
第3.1.20条年平均日交通量 annual average daily traffic全年的日交通量观测结果的平均值。
第3.1.21条月平均日交通量 monthly average daily traffic全月的日交通量观测结果的平均值。