初中英语语法讲解PPT课件

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初中英语语法课件ppt

初中英语语法课件ppt

03
Opposite Meanings Adjectives
When using Opposite Meanings Adjectives, place the stronger
one first For example, "big and small."
The Usage of Advantageous
The use of connections
Coordinating Connections
Connections like "and", "but", "or" are used to coordinate two or more independent clauses, e.g., "I like apples, but my brother doesn't"
Subordinating Connections
Connections like "because", "if", "when" are used to introduce sub border clauses, e.g., "I will go to the park because it's sunny today"
Last Simple Tense
Used to express an action that occurred in the past Example: "She walked to school yesterday."
The tense of verbs
Present Continuous Tense

初中英语零基础学语法--英语句子结构 课件(共43张PPT)

初中英语零基础学语法--英语句子结构 课件(共43张PPT)

附属成分
基本成分的修饰语。可以是: • 定语:即用来修饰名词的单词、短语或从句 • 状语:即用来修饰名词或代词以外的词的单词、短语或从句。
定语
Poor John tottered toward a hospital nearby. She likes oranges imported from the USA.
省略成分
句中被省略的成分,虽然未说出来,却在句中表示 一定的意思:
(You) Come here. (I wish you)Good luck! Some gave him praises,but others(gave him)rotten eggs.
He runs as fast as, if ( he does ) not ( run ) faster, than you. ( I ) Hope you like it. John should clean the room today and Peter ( should clean it ) tomorrow.
主语、动词(不及物动词、及物动词、双宾动词、系动词、宾 补动词)、宾语及补语可以称为基本句子成分。完整的句子一 般至少包含2个基本成分,至多4个基本成分。
Vi(不及物动词)
主 语
谓 语
Vt(及物动词)
宾语 宾语(直) 宾语(间) 宾语 宾补
系动词
表语
be / feel / seem / look appear / stand / lie become /get / grow / turn go / come / remain/ keep taste / smell etc.
连接成分
连接成分实际上是一个连词,用来连接两个或几个平行的词、

初中英语语法课件ppt

初中英语语法课件ppt
vacation together.
过去将来时的使用:
一、过去将来时表示对于过去某一时间而言将要发生的动 作或存在的状态。 would或was /were going to + V
would可用于各种人称。
二、would +V还可表示过去的习惯动作,在这点上同used to同义。
When we were children, we would/used to go swimming every summer.
e) 用于条件从句“如果……想,设想”(接近if ……want to,或 if ……should) 例:Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage ____________ avoided. A) is to be B) can be C) will be D) has been
一般现在时的动词形式: 动词原形 1.am;is ;are 2.have,has 3.第三人称单数形式-(e)s
肯定句:I watch television every day.
否定句:I don’t watch television every day.
疑问句:Do you watch television every day.
一般现在时的使用:
1.一般现在时表示总是、通常、习惯 性的动作或状态。
It snows in winter. I watch television every day.
2.用于对客观事实的普遍性的陈述。
Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen. Most animals kill only for food. The world is round.

初中英语语法ppt课件

初中英语语法ppt课件

04
Positions and connections
The usage of commonly used positions
At
used to indicate a specific point in time or place
In
used to indicate a period of time or a location within a larger space
Nouns that cannot be counted or have a plural form. Example: "I have some sugar in the cupboard."
The positive case of nouns
Passive nouns
Nouns that show session or ownership They are formed by adding's to the end of the noun Example: "The teacher's book"
Example
"The cat is bigger than the dog." - "bigger" is the comparative degree of the objective "big."
Formations
The comparative degree of advisors and advisors typically end with "- er" or "- ier", or can be formed by using the suffix "- er" or "- more"

初中英语语法大全精品PPT课件

初中英语语法大全精品PPT课件
多时,谓语用复数。 如:There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只绵羊)
There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些绵羊) 4、maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数: 如:The news is very exciting. (这个消息令人兴奋)
[注解]:
① ‘s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺, 如:my aunt’s(我阿姨家), the doctor’s(诊所)
② 两人共有某物时,可以采用 A and B’s 的形 如:Lucy and Lily’s bedroom(露西和丽丽合住的卧室)
Lucy’s and Lily’s bedroom(露西和丽丽分别的卧室)
如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式, 如:Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班) 如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式, 如:Class Three have a map of China.(三班有张中国地图) 3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许
如: box, child, orange;
不可数名词{u} 是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。
如:water, news, oil, population, information .
英语可数名词的单复数
1、名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下: ①在单数名词词尾加s。 如:map → maps,boy→ boys,horse→ horses, table→ tables. ②s,o,x ,sh,ch结尾的词加es. 如:class→classes, box→boxes, hero→heroes, dish→dishes,

初中英语语法讲解PPT课件

初中英语语法讲解PPT课件
情况 构成方法 读音 例词 __________________________________________________ 一般情况 加 -s 1.清辅音后读/s/; map-maps 2.浊辅音和元音后 bag-bags 读 /z/; car-cars ___________________________________________________
加 -es
读 /iz/
以y 1结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时, 直接加s变复数: 如: two Marys the Henrys

)
monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 比较: 层楼:storey ---storeys story---stories

2.1不定冠词的用法 不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源,是"一个"的意思。a用于辅音音 素前,一般读作[e],而an则用于元音音素前,一般读做[en]。 1) 表示"一个",意为one;指某人或某物,意为a certain。 A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.
2) 代表一类人或物。 A knife is a tool for cutting with. Mr. Smith is an engineer.
双重所有格(of+’s的两种结合)

P11-13 (textbook) 做练习 作业 列出有关名词一讲疑惑不解或易错的5- 10个难点.
第二讲

冠词和数词
冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面, 帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种,一种是定冠词(the Definite Article),另一种是不定冠词(the Indefinite Article),还 有一种是零冠词(Zero Article)。

初中英语语法专题课件完整版(共983张PPT)

初中英语语法专题课件完整版(共983张PPT)

2.不规则变化
构成方法
例词
形式不变 (单复数同形)
sheep-sheep deer-deer Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese
变内部元音字母
foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese man-men mouse-mice
词尾加-en/-ren
a group of 一队,一组,一群
②还可用much,little,a little of,a large amount/deal of, no,plenty of等来修饰不可数名词,some,any既可修饰可数名词也可修 饰不可数名词。
much money,plenty of water a little of air some(肯定句): some milk ,some apples any(疑/否):Are there any stamps?I don’t have any money (5)数词-名词-形容词构成的复合形容词,中间的名词不能用
普通名词又可分为下面四类:
1)个体名词:表示单个人或单个事物。 如:gun、kid 、book。 2)集体名词:表示一群人或一些事物组成的集合体。 如:family。
3)物质名词:表示无法分为个体的物质、材料、食品、饮料、液体、气体、 金属等名称的名词,
如:pork、wood、bread、water、air。 4)抽象名词:表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念及学科、疾病。 如:work 。Hunger、honesty 、love、Chinese、success、HIV。 个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词。
f,fe 为v,再加 -es
shelf-shelves thief-thieves

初中英语语法大全-PPT

初中英语语法大全-PPT

9.(2011·上海)These natural disasters have warned us that everyone should start to protect the ________immediately. A.amusement B.development C.environment D.government 【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。amusement“娱乐”;development“发 展”;environment“环境”;government“政府”。句意为“这些自然 灾害已经告诫我们每个人应立刻开始保护环境。” 【答案】C
【答案】A
6.(2011·南京)—Mrs Black, could you give me some advice on how to write an application letter? —With pleasure.Remember that the letter should be written in the formal ________. A.value B.style C.effect D.mood 【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。value“益处,价值”;style“风格, 文体”;effect“影响,效果”;mood“情绪,心情”。由语境知“写申 请信应用正式文体”。 【答案】B
10.(2011·黄冈)—Mrs.Wang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year. —She said she would never forget some pleasant ________ while working there. A.experiments B.expressions C.experiences D.emotions 【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。experiment“实验”;expression“表 达”;experience“经历”;emotion“感情”。空格所在句的句意为“ 她说她永远也不会忘记在那工作时的一些美好的经历。”故选C。 【答案】C

初中英语语法PPT课件

初中英语语法PPT课件
初中英语语法总结
初中语法分类
• 初中语法项目分类:(共8类) • 一般分类 • 1、一般现在时 • 2、一般过去时 • 3、一般将来时 • 4、现在进行时 • 5、现在完成(进行)时 • 6、过去进行时 • 7、过去完成时 • 8、过去将来时
一般现在时
• 构成: • 动词用原形 • 三人称单数-s / es
D. were; have for • 2. Could you tell me what time the plane ______? • A. left B. leaves C. leaved D. was leaving • 3. One of us ______band last month. • A. leaves B. leave C. leaved D. left
• 构成: • 动词用过去时 • Be—was/ were
• 用法: • 表过去某个、段时间内动作及状态
• 象征词: • ago/just now /In1998 last/yesterday 等
一般过去时
• 规则变化: • 一般/去e 双写/辅+y结尾-ied • 不规则变化: • go-went come-came • do-did leave-left等
过去将来时
• 构成: • would + V 原形 • 多用宾语从句中
• 用法: • 过去看来将要发生的动作或状态
• 象征词: • He said that he… the next day .
过去将来时
• 例句: • He said that he would come here the next
• 3. Jim __________ (jump) on the bus as it ____ ______ (move) away.

《初中英语语法》PPT课件

《初中英语语法》PPT课件
We wonder when he _______(start) started learning English.
•如:He said(that)there ______(be) no classes yesterday. were He told me he _______(can) swim. could The teacher asked him what he ____________(do) at seven. was doing My friend asked me when I ____________ would leave (leave) for Beijing. 或 was leaving had been He told me that he _______________(be) to Shanghai.
2:用that, if/whether, how,where,what,….等连接词填 空.
that they will visit our school next week. 1.I hear_____
who the girl is? 2.Do you know_____ how can get to the park? 3.Could you tell me _____I 4.We thought ______you had never been there before . that 5.Please tell me_______ you live. where 6.Mother asked me ___________ I had finished my if/whether homework.
If/whether(是否)的区别
• 一般情况下,if 和whether可以互换,但以 下4种情况只能用whether: • ①在不定式前:Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided. • ②在介词前:It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain. • ③与or not连用:They are talking about whether to go there or not. • ④做主语从句:Whether he is right 主语 isn’t important. •

初中英语语法大全详解ppt详解.

初中英语语法大全详解ppt详解.
第28页,共74页。
用词的适当形式填空
1 He works very __________. He __________ has a rest on Sunday. (hard)
2 __________, he didn’t fail in the exam.(luck)
3 He was so __________ that he couldn’t believe this __________ news. (surprise)
*The problem is more or less solved.
这个问题差不多已经解决了。
*Is it straight? – More or less.
它直吗? – 差不多吧。
第21页,共74页。
6)注意点
1. 形容词最高级前一定要用the源自副词最高级前可省略 2.在比较级中为了避免重复,在the后
( )3 What a pity. Lucy ran ____ than Lily.
A. a few more slowly B. a little more slowly
C. much more slowly D. little slowlier
第27页,共74页。
( )4 Don’t worry. Your baby is looked after ____ here, the nurse are very ____.
4 He won’t do it. I won’t do it, __________. (too)
第29页,共74页。
5 Mr. Green is feeling __________ enough to go to work. (good) 6 The old man looks very _______________ than you think. (friend) 7 This box is not so ______ as that one. (heavy)
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不规则变化

4)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如: a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。 b. news 是不可数名词。 c. the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组 建起来的。 d. 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单 数。 "The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. <<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。 5) 表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes 若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers 6) 另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如: goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼
以s,sh,ch, x等结尾的词
bus-buses watch-watches ___________________________________________________ 以ce,se,ze, (d)ge等结尾 的词 加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses ___________________________________________________ 以辅音字母+y 变y 为i 结尾的词 再加es 读 /z/ baby---babies
English Grammar
第一讲 名词

1.1名词的分类 名词可以分为专有名词(Proper Nouns)和普通名词 (Common Nouns),专有名词是某个(些)人,地方, 机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。普通名词是 一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book, sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类: 1)个体名词(Individual Nouns):表示某类人或 东西中的个体,如:gun。 2)集体名词(Collective Nouns):表示若干个个 体组成的集合体,如:family。 3)物质名词(Material Nouns):表示无法分为个 体的实物,如:air。 4)抽象名词(Abstract Nouns):表示动作、状态、 品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。 个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名 词(Countable Nouns),物质名词和抽象名词一般无 法用数目计算,称为不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)。

名词复数的不规则变化
1)child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women 注意:与 man 和 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。 如: an Englishman,two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词, 故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans。

2)单复同形 如: deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin 但除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形 式。如: a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters
加 -es
读 /iz/
以y 1结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时, 直接加s变复数: 如: two Marys the Henrys

)
monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 比较: 层楼:storey ---storeys story---stories

3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。 如:staff people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a staff a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说 a person,a policeman,a head of cattle, the English,the British, the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示 国民总称时,作复数用。 如: The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是 勤劳勇敢的。
1.3不可数名词量的变化

物质名词 a. 当物质名词转化为个体名词时。 比较: Cake is a kind of food. 蛋糕是一种食物。 (不可数) These cakes are sweet. 这些蛋糕很好吃。 (可数) b. 当物质名词表示该物质的种类时,名词可数。 This factory produces steel. (不可数) We need various steels. (可数) c. 当物质名词表示份数时,可数。 Our country is famous for tea. 我国因茶叶而闻名。 Two teas, please. 请来两杯茶。 2) 抽象名词有时也可数。 four freedoms 四大自由 the four modernizations四个现代化 物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量。 如: a glass of water 一杯水 a piece of advice 一条建议
1.5 名词作定语

名词作定语一般用单数,但也有以下例外。 1) 用复数作定语。 如:sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室 talks table 谈判桌 the foreign languages department 外语系 2) man, woman, gentleman等作定语时,其单复数以所修 饰的名词的单复数而定。 如:men workers women teachers gentlemen officials
2) 以o 结尾的名词,变复数时: a. 加s,如: photo---photos piano---pianos radio---radios zoo---zoos; b. 加es,如:potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes c. 均可,如:zero---zeros / zeroes 3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时: a. 加s,如: belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes gulf---gulfs; b. 去f,fe 加ves,如:half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves; c. 均可,如: handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves
3) 词组或成语。 a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden
1.6名词的格



在英语中有些名词可以加‟s来表示所有或所属关系,带这种词尾 的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,如:a teacher‟s book。名词所 有格的规则如下:(修饰有生命的名词用‟s,无生命的一般用of 结构) 1) 单数名词词尾加 ‟s,复数名词词尾没有s,也要加‘s,如the boy‟s bag 男孩的书包,men„s room 男厕所。 专有名词s结尾(一般应加‟s)Charles‟s job 2) 若名词已有复数词尾-s ,只加’s,如:the workers' struggle 工人的斗争。 3) 凡不能加"'s"的名词,都可以用"名词+of +名词"的结构来 表示所有关系,如:the title of the song 歌的名字。 4) 在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时,名词所有格的后 面常常不出现它所修饰的名词,如:the barber's 理发店。 5) 如果两个名词并列,并且分别有's,则表示"分别有";只 有一个's,则表示'共有'。 如:John's and Mary's room(两间) John and Mary's room(一间) 6) 复合名词或短语,'s 加在最后一个词的词尾。 如:a month or two's absence
归纳表格如下

| |名 | | | |词 | |
|专有名词 | | | 个体名词 | | | | 集体名词 |普通名词 | | | 物质名词 | | | | 抽象名词
| | | | 可数名词 | | | | | | | | 不可数名词| | |

1.2名词复数的规则变化(P5) ___________________________________________________
2.2定冠词的用法

定冠词the与指示代词this,that同源,有"那(这)个"的意 思,但较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特 定的人或东西。 1)特指双方都明白的人或物: Take the medicine. 把药吃了。 2)上文提到过的人或事: He bought a house. I've been to the house. 他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。 3)指世上独一物二的事物: the sun, the sky, the moon, the earth 4)单数名词连用表示一类事物,如:the dollar 美元; the fox 狐狸;或与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人:the rich 富人; the living 生者。
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