2016年6月六级翻译真题及答案

2016年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案和解析（第2套）

2016年6⽉英语六级考试真题试卷附答案和解析（第2套）2016年6⽉英语六级考试真题试卷附答案和解析(第2套) Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutes towriteashortessayonlivingin thevirtualworld.Trytoimaginewhatwillhappenwhenpeoplespendmoreandmoreti meinthevirtualworldinsteadofinteractingintherealworld.Youarerequiredtowritea tleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer. from the four choices marked A), B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) The project the man managed at CucinTech.B) The updating of technology at CucinTech.C)The man's switch to a new career.D) The restructuring of her company.2. A) Talented personnel.B) Strategic innovation.C) Competitive products.D) Effective promotion.3. A) Expand the market.B) Recruit more talents.C) Innovate constantly.D) Watch out for his competitors.4. A) Possible bankruptcy.B) Unforeseen difficulties.C) Conflicts within the company.D) Imitation by one's competitors.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) The job of an interpreter.B) The stress felt by professionals.C) The importance of language proficiency.D) The best way to effective communication.6. A) Promising.B) Admirable.C) Rewarding.D) Meaningful.7. A) They all have a strong interest in language.B) They all have professional qualifications.C) They have all passed language proficiency tests.D) They have all studied cross-cultural differences.8. A) It requires a much larger vocabulary.B) It attaches more importance to accuracy.C) It is more stressful than simultaneous interpreting.D) It puts one's long-term memory under more stress..SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,you willhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1with asinglelinethroughthecentre. PassageOneQuestions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.9.A)Itmight affect mothers'health.B)Itmight disturb infants'sleep.C)Itmightincreasetheriskofinfants,death.D)Itmightincreasemothers'mentaldistress.10.A)Motherswhobreast-feedtheirbabieshaveahardertimefallingasleep.B)Motherswhosleepwiththeirbabiesneedalittlemoresleepeachnight.C)Sleepingpatternsofmothersgreatly affect theirnewbornbabies'health.D)Sleepingwithinfantsinthesameroomhasa negativeimpact onmothers.11.A)Changetheirsleeppatternsto adapt totheirnewbornbabies'.B)Sleepinthesameroombutnotinthesamebedastheirbabies.C)Sleepinthesamehousebutnotinthesameroomastheirbabies.D)T akeprecautionstoreducetheriskofsuddeninfantdeath syndrome. PassageTwoQuestions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.12.A)AlotofnativelanguageshavealreadydiedoutintheUS.B)TheUSranksfirstinthenumberofendangeredlanguages.C)Theeffortsto preserve Indianlanguageshaveprovedfruitless.D)MoremoneyisneededtorecordthenativelanguagesintheUS.13.A)Tosetupmorelanguageschools.B)To document endangeredlanguages.C)ToeducatenativeAmericanchildren.D)TorevitaliseAmerica'snativelanguages.14.A)TheUSgovemment'spolicyofAmericanisingIndianchildren.B)ThefailureofAmericanIndianlanguagestogainanofficial status.C)TheUSgovernment's unwillingness tospendmoneyeducatingIndians.D)Thelong-timeisolationofAmericanIndiansfromtheoutsideworld.15.A)Itisbeingutilisedtoteachnativelanguages.B)Ittells traditional storiesduringfamilytime.C)Itspeedsupthe extinction ofnativelanguages.D)Itiswidelyusedinlanguage immersion schools.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowed bythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD). ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthece ntre. RecordingOneQuestions16to18arebasedonthe recording youhavejustheard.16.A)Itpaysthemuptohalfoftheir previous wageswhiletheylookforwork.B)Itcoverstheir mortgage paymentsandmedicalexpensesfor99weeks.C)Itpaystheirlivingexpensesuntiltheyfindemploymentagain.D)Itprovidesthemwiththebasicnecessitiesofeverydaylife.17.A)Creatingjobsforthehugearmyofunemployedworkers.B)Providingtrainingand guidance forunemployedworkers.C)Convincinglocallawmakersto extendunemployment benefits.D)Raising funds tohelpthosehavingno unemploymentinsurance.18.A)Toofferthemloanstheyneedtostarttheirownbusinesses.B)Toallowthemto postpone theirmonthly mortgage payments.C)Tocreatemorejobsbyencouragingprivateinvestmentsinlocalcompanies.D)To encourage bigbusinessestohirebackworkerswithgovernmentsubsidies. RecordingTwo Questions19to22arebasedonthe recording youhavejustheard.19.A)They measured thedepthsofseawater.B)Theyanalyzedthewatercontent.C)Theyexploredtheoceanfloor.D)Theyinvestigatedtheice.20.A)Eightypercentoftheicedisappearsinsummertime.B)Mostoftheicewasaccumulatedoverthepastcenturies.C)Theiceensuresthe survival ofmanyendangered species.D)Theicedecreaseismoreevidentthan previously thought.21.A)Arcticiceisamajor source oftheworld'sfreshwater.B)ThemeltingArcticicehasdrownedmanycoastalcities.C)The decline ofArcticiceisirreversible.D)Arcticiceis essential tohuman survival.22.A)Itwilldoalotofharmtomankind.B)Thereisnoeasywayto understand it.C)Itwilladvancenucleartechnology.D)Thereisnoeasytechnological solution toit.RecordingThreeQuestions23to25arebasedonthe recording youhavejustheard.23.A)ThereasonwhyNewZealandchildrenseemtohavebetterself-control.B)Therelationbetweenchildren'sself-control andtheirfuturesuccess.C)Thehealthproblemsofchildrenraisedbyasingleparent.D)Thedeciding factor inchildren's academicperformance.24.A)Childrenraisedbysingleparentswillhaveahardtimeintheirthirties.B)Thosewitha criminal recordmostlycomefromsingleparentfamilies.C)Parentsmustlearntoexerciseself-control infrontoftheirchildren.D)Lackofself-control inparentsisa disadvantage fortheirchildren.25.A)Self-control canbeimprovedthrougheducation.B)Self-control canimproveone'sfinancialsituation.C)Self-control problemsmaybedetectedearlyinchildren.D)Self-control problemswill diminish asonegrowsup.Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on ,Answer Street 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.The robotics revolution is set to bring humans face to face with an old fear—man-made creations as smart and capable as we are but without a moral compass. As robots take on ever more complex roles, the question naturally 26__________ : Who will be responsible when they do something wrong? Manufacturers? Users? Software writers? The answer depends on the robot. Robots already save us time, money and energy. In the future, they will improve our health care, social welfare and standard of living. The 27__________ of computational power and engineering advances will 28__________ enable lower-cost in-home care for the disabled, 29__________ use of driverless cars that may reduce drunk- and distracted-driving accidents and countless home and service-industry uses for robots, from street cleaning to food preparation. But there are30__________ to be problems. Robot cars will crash. A drone (遥控飞⾏器) operator will 31__________ someone's privacy.A robotic lawn mower will run over a neighbor's cat. Juries sympathetic to the 32__________ of machines will punish entrepreneurs with company-crushing 33__________ and damages. What should governments do to protect people while 34__________ space for innovation?Big, complicated systems on which much public safety depends, like driverless cars, should be built, 35__________ and sold by manufacturers who take responsibility for ensuring safety and are liable for accidents. Governments should set safety requirements and then let insurers price the risk of the robots based on the manufacturer's driving record, not the passenger's.A. arisesB. ascendsC. boundD. combinationE. definiteF. eventuallyG. interfereH. invadeI. manifestingJ. penaltiesK. preservingL. programmedM. proximatelyN. victimsO. widespreadSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattach edtoit.Each statement containsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthequestionsbymarkingt hecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2. ReformandMedicalCosts[A]Americansaredeeply concerned aboutthe relentless riseinhealthcarecostsan dhealth insurancepremiums.Theyneedtoknowif reform willhelp solve theproblem.Theansweristhatnoonehasaneasyfixforrisingmedicalcosts.The fundamental f ix—reshapinghowcareisdeliveredandhowdoctorsarepaidinawasteful,abnormal system—islikelytobeachievedonlythrough trial anderrorandincremental(渐进的）gains.[B]ThegoodnewsisthatabilljustapprovedbytheHouseandabillapprovedbytheSen ateFinanceCommitteewould implement ortestmanyreformsthatshouldhelpslow theriseinmedicalcostsoverthelongterm.AsareportinTheNewEnglandJournalofMe dicineconcluded,"Prettymucheveryproposed innovation foundinthehealthpolicyliteraturethesed aysis contained inthesemeasures."[C]Medicalspending,whichtypicallyrisesfasterthanwagesandthe overall economy,ispropelledbytwothings:thehighpriceschargedformedicalservicesinthiscountry andthevolumeof unnecessary caredeliveredbydoctorsandhospitals,whichoften perform alotmoretestsandtreatmentsthanapatientreallyneeds.[D]HerearesomeoftheimportantproposalsintheHouseandSenatebillstotryto add ressthoseproblems,andwhyitishardtoknowhowwelltheywillwork.[E]BothbillswouldreducetherateofgrowthinannualMedicarepaymentstohospitals ,nursinghomesandotherprovidersbyamounts comparable tothe productivity sa vingsroutinelymadeinotherindustrieswiththehelpofnewtechnologiesandnewway sto organize work.This proposal couldsaveMedicaremorethan$100billionoverth enext decade.Ifprivateplansdemandedsimilar productivity savingsfromprovide rs,andrefusedtoletproviders shiftadditional coststothem,thesavingscouldbemu chlarger.CriticssayCongresswillgiveintolobbyistsandlet inefficient providersofft he hook ThatisfarlesslikelytohappenifCongressalsoadoptsstrongupaygo”rulesre quiringthatanyincreaseinpaymentstoprovidersbe offset bynewtaxesor budget cu ts.[F]TheSenateFinancebillwould impose an excise tax(消费税）onhealth insuranceplansthatcostmorethan$8,000foranindividualor$21,000forafamily.Itwouldmostlikelycauseinsurerstoredesignplanstofallbeneaththethreshold.Enrolleeswouldhavetopaymoremoneyformanyservicesoutoftheirownpocket s,andthatwould encouragethemtothinktwiceaboutwhetheranexpensiveor redu ndant testwasworthit.Economistsprojectthatmostemployerswould shift moneyf romexpensivehealthbenefitsintowages.TheHousebillhasnosimilartax.Thefinal le gislation should.[G]Anydoctorwhohaswrestledwith multiple formsfromdifferentinsurers,orpatie ntswhohavetriedto understand theirownparadeofstatements,knowthatsimplific ationoughttosavemoney.Whenthehealth insurance industrywasstillcooperatingin reform efforts,itstradegroupofferedtoprovidestandardizedformsforautomatedprocessing.Itestimatedthatstepwouldsavehundredsofbillionsofdollarsoverthene xt decade.Thebillswouldlockthat pledge intolaw.[H]Thestimuluspackageprovidedmoneyto convert the inefficient,paper-driven medicalsystemtoelectronicrecordsthatcanbeeasilyviewedandtransmitted.Thisre quiresopeninvestmentstohelpdoctors convert.Intimeitshouldhelp restrain costs byeliminating redundant tests,preventingdruginteractions,andhelpingdoctorsfi ndthebesttreatments.[I]Virtuallyallexpertsagreethatthefee-for-servicesystem—doctorsarerewardedf orthe quantity ofcareratherthanits quality oreffectiveness—isa primary reasont hatthecostofcareissohigh.Mostagreethatthe solution istopushdoctorstoacceptfi xedpaymentstocarefora particular illnessorforapatient'sneedsoverayear.Noone knowshowtomakethathappenquickly.Thebillsinbothhouseswouldstart pilot projectswithinMedicare.Theyincludesuchmeasuresasaccountablecareorganizationstotakechargeofapatient'sneedswithaneyeonbothcostand quality,and chronic dise asemanagementtomakesuretheseriouslyill,whoareresponsibleforthe bulk ofallhealthcarecosts,aretreatedproperly.Forthemostpart,theseexperimentsrelyon inc entive paymentstogetdoctorstotrythem.[J]Testinginnovationsdonogoodunlessthegoodexperimentsare identified andex pandedandthebadonesaredropped.TheSenatebillwouldcreatean independentc ommission tomonitorthe pilot programsand recommend changesinMedicare's p ayment policiesto urge providersto adopt reformsthatwork.Thechangeswouldha vetobeapprovedorrejectedasawholebyCongress,makingithardfornarrow-interes tlobbiesto bend lawmakerstotheirwill.[K]Thebillsinbothchamberswouldcreatehealth insurance exchangesonwhichsm allbusinessesandindividualscouldchoosefroman array ofprivateplansandpossibly apublicoption.Alltheplanswouldhavetoprovidestandard benefit packagesthatwouldbeeasytocompare.Togetaccesstomillionsofnewcustomers,insurerswouldha veastrong incentive tosellonthe exchange.Andthehead-to-head competition m ightgivethemastrong incentive tolowertheirprices,perhapsbyacceptingslimmer profitmarginsor demanding betterdealsfromproviders.[L]Thefinal legislation mightthrowapublicplanintothe competition,butthanksto thefierce opposition ofthe insurance industryandRepublicancritics,itmightnotsa vemuchmoney.TheoneintheHousebillwouldhavetonegotiaterateswithproviders,r atherthanusingMedicarerates,asmanyreformerswanted.[M]Thepresident'sstimuluspackageispumpingmoneyintoresearchtocompareho wwellvarioustreatmentswork.Issurgery,radiation orcarefulmonitoringbestforp rostate(前列腺)cancer?Isthelatestandmostexpensivecholesterol-loweringdruganybettertha nitscommoncompetitors?Thependingbillswouldspend additional moneyto accel erate thiseffort. [N]Criticshavechargedthatthis sensible ideawouldleadtorationingofcare. (Thatwouldbetrueonlyifyoubelievedthatpatientsshouldhavean unrestrained rig httotreatmentsproventobeinferior.)Asaresult,thebillsdonotrequire,astheyshould,thattheresultsofthesestudiesbeusedtoset payment ratesinMedicare.[O]CongressneedstofindthecouragetoallowMedicaretopaypreferentiallyfortreat mentsproventobesuperior.Sometimesthebesttreatmentmightbethemostexpen sive.But overall,we suspect thatspendingwouldcomedownthrough elimination ofalotof unnecessary orevendangeroustestsandtreatments.[P]TheHousebillwould authorize thesecretaryofhealthandhumanservicestonego tiatedrugpricesinMedicareandMedicaid.Some authoritative analystsdoubtthatt hesecretarywouldgetbetterdealsthanprivateinsurersalreadyget.Webelieve nego tiation couldwork.Itdoesinothercountries. [Q]Missingfromthesebillsisanyseriousattempttoreinin malpractice costs.Malpra cticeawardsdodriveup insurance premiumsfordoctorsinhigh-riskspecialties,and thereissome evidence thatdoctors engage in"defensivemedicine"byperformingt estsandtreatmentsprimarilytoprovetheyarenot negligent shouldtheygetsued. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2016年6月英语六级试卷一真题及参考答案

2016年6月英语六级完整参考答案写作范文：题目1 ：Try to imagine what will happen when more and more robots take the place of human beings in industry as well as people’s daily lives。

沈阳新东方魏靖人老师范文：Nowadays，when it comes to the issues of robots，individuals’opinions vary from person to person。

Some people believe that robots will enlighten our life，while other are worried about that they will ruin the whole world。

As I see，the increasing number of robots has the power to alter everything in the coming future entirely。

[开篇点题，陈述观点]First and foremost，it can be imagined and predicted that people’life will be absolutely and definitely easier for the future generation with the growing number of computer machines。

There is no need for people to endeavor to finish those complicated working stuff，which will be replaced by only a few computer progress。

2016年6月英语六级真题及答案解析

2016年6月大英语六级考试真题及答案解析Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on living in the virtual world. Try to imagine what will happen when people spend more and more time in the virtual world instead of interacting in the real world. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A)Project organizerB)Public relations officer.C)Marketing manager.D)Market research consultant.2.A)Quantitative advertising research.B)Questionnaire design.C)Research methodology.D)Interviewer training.3.A)They are intensive studies of people’s spending habits.B)They examine relations between producers and customers.C)They look for new and effective ways to promote products.D)They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.4.A)The lack of promotion opportunity.B)Checking charts and tables.C)Designing questionnaires.D)The persistent intensity.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)His view on Canadian universities.B)His understanding of higher education.C)His suggestions for improvements in higher education.D)His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities.6.A)It is well designed.B)It is rather inflexible.C)It varies among universities.D)It has undergone great changes.7.A)The United States and Canada can learn from each other.B)Public universities are often superior to private universities.C)Everyone should be given equal access to higher education.D)Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions.8.A) University systems vary from country to country.B)Efficiency is essential to university management.C) It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private one.D) Many private university in the U.S. Are actually large bureaucracies.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A) Government’s role in resolving an economic crisis.B) The worsening real wage situation around the world.C) Indications of economic recovery in the United States.D) The i mpact of the current economic crisis on people’s life.10.A)They will feel less pressure to raise employees’ wages.B) They will feel free to choose the most suitable employees.C) They will feel inclined to expand their business operations.D) They will feel more confident in competing with their rivals.11.A) Employees and companies cooperate to pull through the economic crisis.B) Government and companies join hands to create hobs for the unemployed.C) Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.D) Team work will be encouraged in companies.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A) Whether memory supplements work.B) Whether herbal medicine works wonders.C) Whether exercise enhances one’s memory.D) Whether a magic memory promises success.13.A) They help the elderly more than the young.B) They are beneficial in one way or another.C) They generally do not have side effects.D) They are not based on real science.14.A)They are available at most country fairs.B)They are taken in relatively high dosage.C)They are collected or grown by farmers.D)They are prescribed by trained practitioners.15.A)They have often proved to be as helpful as doing mental exercise.B)Taking them with other medications might entail unnecessary risks.C)Their effect lasts only a short time.D)Many have benefited from them.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)How catastrophic natural disasters turn out to be to developing nations.B)How the World Meteorological Organization studies natural disasters.C)How powerless humans appear to be in face of natural disasters.D)How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.17.A)By training rescue teams for emergencies.B)By taking steps to prepare people for them.C)By changing people’s views of nature.D)By relocating people to safer places.18.A)How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.B)How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters.C)How Cubans suffer from tropical storms.D)How destructive tropical storms can be.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A)Pay back their loans to the American government.B)Provide loans to those in severe financial difficulty.C)Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery.D)Speed up their recovery from the housing bubble.20.A)Some banks may have to merge with others.B)Many smaller regional banks are going to fail.C)It will be hard for banks to provide more loans.D)Many banks will have to lay off some employees.21.A)It will work closely with the government.B)It will endeavor to write off bad loans.C)It will try to lower the interest rate.D)It will try to provide more loans.22.A)It won’t help the American economy to turn around.B)It won’t do any good to the major commercial banks.C)It will win the approval of the Obama administration.D)It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23.A)Being unable to learn new things.B)Being rather slow to make changes.C)Losing temper more and more often.D)Losing the ability to get on with others.24.A)Cognitive stimulation.B)Community activity.C)Balanced diet.D)Fresh air.25.A)Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging.B)Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life.C)Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles.D)Seeking advice from doctors from time to time.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Pursuing a career is an essential part of adolescent development.“The adolescent becomes an adult when he_26_a real job.”To cognitive re searchers like Piaget, adulthood meant the beginning of an_27_.Piaget argued that once adolescents enter the world of work, their newly acquired ability to form hypotheses allows them to create representations that are too ideal.The_28_of such ideals, without the tempering of the reality of a job or profession, rapidly leads adolescents to become _29_ of the non-idealistic world and to press for reform in a characteristically adolescent way. Piaget said:“True adaptation to society comes_30_when the adolescent reformer attempts to put his ideas to work.”Of course, youthful idealism is often courageous, and no one likes to give up dreams.Perhaps,taken_31_out of context, Piaget’s statement seems harsh. What he was_32_，however, is the way reality can modify idealistic views. Some people refer to such modification as maturity. Piaget argued that attaining and accepting a vocation is one of the best ways to modify idealized views and to mature.As careers and vocations become less available during times of _33_,adolescents may be especially hard hit. Such difficult economic times may leave many adolescents_34_about their roles in society. For this reason, community interventions and government job programs that offer summer and vacation work are not only economically_35_but also help to stimulate the adolescent’s sense of worth.A)automatically I)incidentallyB)beneficial J)intolerantC)capturing K)occupationD)confused L)promisesE)emphasizing M)recessionF)entrance N)slightlyG)excited O)undertakesH)existenceSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Can societies be rich and green?[A]“If our economies are to flourish,if global poverty is to be eliminated and if the well-being of the world’s people enhanced—not just in this generation but in succeeding generations—we must make sure we take care of the natural environment and resources on which our economic activity depends.”That statem ent comes not, as you might imagine, from a stereotypical tree-hugging, save-the-world greenie(环保主义者),but from Gordon Brown, a politician with a reputation for rigour, thoroughness and above all, caution.[B]A surprising thing for the man who runs one of the world’s most powerful economies to say? Perhaps; though in the run-up to the five-year review of the Millennium(千年的)Goals, he is far from alone. The roots of his speech, given in March at the roundtable meeting of environment and energy ministers from the G20 group of nations, stretch back to 1972,and the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm.[C]“The protection and improvement of the human environment is a major issue which affects the well-being of peoples and economic dev elopment throughout the world,” read the final declaration from this gathering, the first of a sequence which would lead to the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992 and the World Development Summit in Johannesburg threeyears ago.[D]Hunt through the reports prepared by UN agencies and development groups—many for conferences such as this year’s Millennium Goals review—and you will find that the linkage between environmental protection and economic progress is a common thread.[E]Managing ecosystems sustainably is more profitable than exploiting them, according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. But finding hard evidence to support the thesis is not so easy. Thoughts turn first to some sort of global statistic, some indicator which would rate the wealth of nations in both economic and environmental terms and show a relationship between the two.[F]If such an indicator exists, it is well hidden. And on reflection, this is not surprising; the single word “environment” has so many dimensions, and there are so many other factors affecting wealth—such as the oil deposits—that teasing out a simple economy-environment relationship would be almost impossible.[G]The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, a vast four-year global study which reported its initial conclusions earlier this year, found reasons to believe that managing ecosystems sustainably—working with nature rather than against it—might be less profitable in the short term, but certainly brings long-term rewards.[H]And the World Resources Institute(WRI)in its World Resources 2005 report, issued at the end of August, produced several such examples from Africa and Asia; it also demonstrated that environmental degradation affects the poor more than the rich, as poorer people derive a much higher proportion of their income directly from the natural resources around them.[I]But there are also many examples of growing wealth by trashing the environment, in rich and poor parts of the world alike, whether through unregulated mineral extraction, drastic water use for agriculture, slash-and-burn farming, or fossil-fuel-guzzling(大量消耗)transport. Of course, such growth may not persist in the long term—which is what Mr. Brown and the Stockholm declaration were both attempting to point out. Perhaps the best example of boom growth and bust decline is the Grand Banks fishery. For almost five centuries a very large supply of cod(鳕鱼)provided abundant raw material for an industry which at its peak employed about 40,000 people, sustaining entire communities in New found and. Then, abruptly, the cod population collapsed. There were no longer enough fish in the sea for the stock to maintain itself, let alone an industry. More than a decade later, there was no sign of the ecosystem re-building itself. It had, apparently, been fished out of existence; and the once mighty Newfoundland fleet now gropes about frantically for crab on the sea floor.[J]There is a view that modern humans are inevitably sowing the seed of a global Grand Banks-style disaster. The idea is that we are taking more out of what you might call the planet’s environmental bank balance than it can sustain; we are living beyond our ecological means. One recent study attempted to calculate the extent of this“ ecological overshoot of the human economy”, and found that we are using 1.2 Earth’s-worth of environmental goods andservices—the implication being that at some point the debt will be called in, and all those services—the things which the planet does for us for free—will grind to a halt.[K]Whether this is right, and if so where and when the ecological axe will fall, is hard to determine with any precision—which is why governments and financial institutions are only beginning to bring such risks into their economic calculations. It is also the reason why development agencies are not united in their view of environmental issues; while some, like the WRI, maintain that environmental progress needs to go hand-in-hand with economic development, others argue that the priority is to build a thriving economy, and then use the wealth created to tackle environmental degradation.[L]This view assumes that rich societies will invest in environmental care. But is this right? Do things get better or worse as we get richer? Here the Stockholm declaration is ambiguous.“In the developing countries,” it says,” most of the environmental problems are caused by under-development.”So it is saying that economic development should make for a cleaner world? Not necessarily;” In the industrialized countries, environmental problems are generally related to industrialization and technological development,” it continues. In other words, poor and rich both over-exploit the natural world, but for different reasons. It’s simply not true that economic growth will surely make our world cleaner.[M]Clearly, richer societies are able to provide environmental improvements which lie well beyond the reach of poorer communities. Citizens of wealthy nations demand national parks, clean rivers, clean air and poison-free food. They also, however, use far more natural resources-fuel, water(all those baths and golf courses)and building materials.[N]A case can be made that rich nations export environmental problems, the most graphic example being climate change. As a country’s wealth grows, so do its greenhouse gas emissions. The figures available will not be completely accurate. Measuring emissions is not a precise science, particularly when it comes to issues surrounding land use; not all nations have re-leased up-to-date data, and in any case, emissions from some sectors such as aviation are not included in national statistics. But the data is exact enough for a clear trend to be easily discernible. As countries become richer, they produce more greenhouse gases; and the impact of those gases will fall primarily in poor parts of the world.[O]Wealth is not, of course, the only factor involved. The average Norwegian is better off than the average US citizen, but contributes about half as much to climate change. But could Norway keep its standard of living and yet cut its emissions to Moroccan or even Ethiopian levels? That question, repeated across a dozen environmental issues and across our diverse planet, is what will ultimately determine whether the human race is living beyond its ecological means as it pursues economic revival.36.Examples show that both rich and poor countries exploited the environment for economic progress.37.Environmental protection and improvement benefit people all over the world.38.It is not necessarily true that economic growth will make our world cleaner.39.The common theme of the UN reports is the relation between environmental protection and economic growth.40.Development agencies disagree regarding how to tackle environment issues while ensuring economic progress.41.It is difficult to find solid evidence to prove environmental friendliness generates more profits than exploiting the natural environment.42.Sustainable management of ecosystems will prove rewarding in the long run.43.A politician noted for being cautious asserts that sustainable human development depends on the natural environment.44.Poor countries will have to bear the cost for rich nations’ economic development.45.One recent study warns us of the danger of the exhaustion of natural resources on Earth.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Interactive television advertising, which allows viewers to use their remote controls to click on advertisements, has been pushed for years. Nearly a decade ago it was predicted that viewers of “Friends”, a popular situation comedy, would soon be able to purchase a sweater like Jennifer Aniston’s with a few taps on their remote control.“It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years,” says Colin Dixon of a digital-media consultancy.So the news that Cablevision, and American cable company, was rolling out interactive advertisements to all its customers on October 6th was greeted with some skepticism. During commercials, an overlay will appear at the bottom of the screen, prompting viewers to press a button to request a free sample or order a catalogue. Cablevision hopes to allow customers to buy things with their remote controls early next year.Television advertising could do with a boost. Spending fell by 10% in the first half of the year. The popularization of digital video recorders has caused advertisers to worry that their commercials will be skipped. Some are turning to the Internet, which is cheaper and offers concrete measurements like click-through rates—especially important at a time when marketing budgets are tight. With the launch of interactive advertising,” many of the dollars that went to the Internet will come back to the TV,” says David Kline of Cablevision. Or so the industry hopes.In theory, interactive advertising can engage viewers in a way that 30-second spots do not. Unilever recently ran an interactive campaign for its Axe deodorant(除臭剂)，which kept viewers engaged for more than three minutes on average.The amount spent on interactive advertising on television is still small. Magna, an advertising agency, reckons it will be worth about $138 million this year. That falls far short of the billions of dollars people once expected it to generate. But DirecTV, Comcast and Time Warner Cable have all invested in it. A new effort led by Canoe Ventures, a coalition of leading cable providers, aims to make interactive advertising available across America later this year. Bright Line it, Which designs and sells interactive ads, says interest has surged: it expects its revenues almost to triple this year. Bosky, Britain’s biggest satellite-television service, already provides 9 million customers with interactive ads.Yet there are doubts whether people watching television, a” lean back” medium, crave interaction. Click-through rates have been high so far(around 3-4%, compared with less than 0.3% online), but that may be a result of the novelty. Interactive ads and viewers might not go well together.46.What does Colin Dixon mean by saying” It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years”(Lines 4-5, Para.1)?A)Interactive television advertising will become popular in 10-12 years.B)Interactive television advertising has been under debate for the last decade or so.C)Interactive television advertising is successful when incorporated into situation comedies.D)Interactive television advertising has not achieved the anticipated results.47.What is the public’s response to Cablevision’s planned interactive TV advertising program?A)Pretty positive.B)Totally indifferent.C)Somewhat doubtful.D)Rather critical.48.What is the impact of the wide use of digital video recorders on TV advertising?A)It has made TV advertising easily accessible to viewers.B)It helps advertisers to measure the click-through rates.C)It has placed TV advertising at a great disadvantage.D)It enables viewers to check the sales items with ease.49.What do we learn about Unilever’s interactive campaign?A)It proves the advantage of TV advertising.B)It has done well in engaging the viewers.C)It helps attract investments in the company.D)it has boosted the TV advertising industry.50.How does the author view the hitherto high click-through rates?A)They may be due to the novel way of advertising.B)They signify the popularity of interactive advertising.C)They point to the growing curiosity of TV viewers.D)They indicate the future direction of media reform.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easy answers. There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it—they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills, Our problems are “structural,” and will take many years to solve.But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view. There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise. But it’s actually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursing real solutions.The fact is job openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of workers forced into part-time employment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged in every major occupational category. Only three states. With a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5%. So the evidence contradicts the claim that we’re mainly suffering from structural unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become so popular?Part of the answer is that this is what always happens during periods of high unemployment—in part because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious.I’ve been looking at what self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the Great Depression; it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now. Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly, declared one 1935 analysis, because the workforce is “unadaptable and untrained. It cannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer.”A few years later,a large defense buildup finally provided a fiscal stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs—and suddenly industry was eager to employ those “unadoptable and untrained” workers.But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling out economy and our society.So what you need to know is that there’s no evidence whatsoever to back these claims.We aren’t suffering from a shortage of needed skills, We’re suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse—a reason not to act on America’s problems at a time when action is desperately needed.51.What does the author think is the root cause of mass unemployment in America?A)Corporate mismanagement.B)Insufficient demand.C)Technological advances.D)Workers’ slow adaptation.52.What does the author think of the experts’ claim concerning unemployment?A)Self-evident.B)Thought-provoking.C)Irrational.D)Groundless.53.What does the author say helped bring down unemployment during the Great Depression?A)The booming defense industry.B)The wise heads’ benefit package.C)Nationwide training of workers.D)Thorough restructuring of industries.54.What has caused claims of huge structural problems to multiply?A)Powerful opposition to government’s stimulus efforts.B)Very Serious People’s attempt to cripple the economy.C)Evidence gathered from many sectors of the industries.D)Economists’ failure to detect the problems in time.55.What is the auth or’s purpose in writing the passage?A)To testify to the experts’ analysis of America’s problems.B)To offer a feasible solution to the structural unemployment.C)To show the urgent need for the government to take action.D)To alert American workers to the urgency for adaptation.Part IV Translation (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。

2016年6月四六级翻译真题汇总

2016年6月四六级翻译真题汇总2016年6月四级第1段功夫(Kung Fu)是中国武术(martial arts)的俗称。

中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要、狩猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练。

它是中国传统体育运动的一种，年轻人和老年人都练。

它已逐渐演变成了中国文化的独特元素。

它作为中国的国宝，功夫有上百种不同的风格，是世界上练得最多的武术形式。

有些风格模仿了动物的动作，还有一些则受到了中国哲学思想、神话和传说的启发。

Kung Fu is commonly known as the Chinese martial arts, the origin of which can be traced back to the need of self-defense, hunting activities and military training in ancient China. It is one kind of Chinese traditional sports. The young and the old often practice it. It has gradually evolved into the unique elements of Chinese culture. As a national treasure of China, there are hundreds of different styles for Kung Fu, which is most common forms of martial arts. Some of styles imitate the movement of the animals, and some are inspired by Chinese philosophy, myths and legends.2016年6月四级第2段在山东省潍坊市，风筝不仅仅是玩具，而且还是这座城市文化的标志。

六级2016试题及答案

六级2016试题及答案六级考试作为全国性的英语水平测试，是中国大学生最为重要的英语考试之一。

2016年的六级考试题目及答案被广大考生所关注。

本文将为您总结整理2016年的六级试题，并提供答案供参考。

一、听力理解Section A: Sentence Translation1. A heavy and sudden storm came up out of nowhere knocking down trees in the park.2. Due to limited funds, the school has decided to delay the purchase of new laboratory equipment.3. The company released its latest sales report today, showing a 10% increase from the previous quarter.4. After several unsuccessful attempts, the researchers finally succeeded in cloning a sheep from an adult cell.5. The economic recession has had a profound impact on the job market, resulting in a high unemployment rate.Section B: Conversation Comprehension6. A) The woman has a lot of homework to do.B) The woman hasn't completed her assignment yet.C) The woman has a full schedule for the day.D) The woman has decided to skip the lecture.7. A) She was unable to get a ticket for the concert.B) She already has a ticket for the concert.C) She doesn't want to go to the concert.D) She is not interested in classical music.8. A) 9:00B) 9:20C) 9:40D) 10:009. A) He doesn't like the dark.B) He needs to go home early.C) He forgot to turn off the light.D) He prefers bright lights.10. A) The woman understands Japanese.B) The woman is planning to study Japanese.C) The woman has learned Japanese for a year.D) The woman has never been to Japan. Section C: Passage Comprehension11. A) The use of drones in the film industry.B) The impact of drones on the aviation industry.C) The potential dangers of unregulated drone use.D) The benefits of using drones for photography.12. A) To promote eco-friendly transportation.B) To offer affordable transportation options.C) To reduce traffic congestion in the city.D) To encourage people to use bicycles.13. A) They may worry about the future of their careers.B) They may experience anxiety and depression.C) They may feel a sense of loneliness and isolation.D) They may struggle to adapt to new environments.14. A) It is cost-effective for the government.B) It is environmentally friendly.C) It is popular among young people.D) It is safe and convenient for commuters.15. A) To explore genetically modified crops.B) To encourage the use of organic farming methods.C) To address the challenges of global food security.D) To promote sustainable agricultural practices.二、阅读理解Passage 1: A Changing World16. D) challenges.17. A) Promote intercultural understanding.18. C) Their potential economic benefits.19. D) They can develop more creative thinking skills.20. B) It provides opportunities for personal growth.Passage 2: Climate Change21. B) The consequences of climate change.22. D) The actions that individuals can take to address climate change.23. A) Reduce carbon emissions.24. C) They acknowledge the importance of individual effort.25. D) Develop sustainable living habits.Passage 3: Artificial Intelligence26. A) Its significant impact on job markets.27. B) They can improve efficiency and accuracy.28. D) Adapt to rapid changes in technology.29. C) Ensuring AI technology benefits humanity.30. B) Address the ethical implications of AI.Passage 4: Study Abroad Programs31. C) The potential benefits of studying abroad.32. A) Improve their language skills.33. B) Gain a broader perspective on global issues.34. D) They enhance personal and professional development.35. C) They provide opportunities for cultural exchange.三、完形填空36. B) sometimes.37. D) affordable.38. A) Moreover.39. C) appreciation.40. B) unless.41. D) mistakenly.42. C) contrast.43. A) challenge.44. B) decision.45. D) satisfaction.四、语法与词汇46. A) appropriate.47. D) ridiculous.48. C) humiliated.49. B) explored.50. C) complicated.51. A) so.52. D) Because.53. C) in.54. B) whereas.55. D) itself.五、写作本部分无答案，需自行撰写。

完整版2016年6月英语六级考试答案汇总(卷一)

完整版2016年6月英语六级考试答案汇总（卷一）写作Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the use of robots. Try to imagine what will happen when more and more robots take the place of human beings in industry as well as people's daily lives. You are requried to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.参考范文Since people begin their ingenuity, we have devised increasinglyintelligent robots to help us coping with dangerous and burdensome work. We continuously confer various human capabilities on machines, and now try to think what will happen if robotics become even more advanced?As far as I’m concerned, in the near future the modern world will be populated by intelligent devices which can remove much human labor. Our work in factory will down by robot assembly arms. Our cooking, washing and other housework will complete by robot server. Our public security willmanaged by tireless robot-polices. In addition, due to the micro-mechanics, there will be more robot systems which can performhighly difficult surgery with sub-millimeter accuracy to help patients alleviate their pain and suffering.But, as I think, if robots are to reach the next stage, there are still much real challenge. We all know that human brainis far more complicated, and the most intelligent robot system will nevercatch up with human mind’s ability. So I have to say, there is still a long way for the robot technology to go.听力Section A1。

2016英语六级翻译、阅读真题解析

Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.中国是四大文明古国之一，有着五千多年的灿烂文化。

尊老爱幼是中华民族的传统美德。

早在汉朝时期(the Han Dynasty), 政府就曾多次颁布法令，提倡并奖励孝敬老人的行为。

中国人以爱、友善和严格的方式对待子孙后代，体现了强烈的道德责任感。

尊老爱幼的传统在现代社会得到了发扬。

现在，中国的老人和儿童都有法定节日——老人节和儿童节。

除此之外，政府还颁布特定的法律保护妇女儿童，法律也明确规定中国公民有义务赡养父母、抚养子女。

参考译文：As one of the four ancient civilizations, China has a splendid culture of more than 5,000 years. Respecting the old and caring for the young is a traditional Chinese virtue. As early as the Han Dynasty, the government issued laws many times to advocate and reward behavior relating to treating the old with filial respect. The Chinese people treat their offspring with love, kindness and strictness, embodying a strong sense of moral responsibility. The tradition of respecting the old and taking care of the young has been carried forward in modern times. At present, the old and the young in China have their own legal holidays—Elders’ Day and Children’s Day. Besides, the government has issued specific laws to protect women and children; and some laws also stipulate in explicit terms that Chinese citizens have obligations to support parents and rear children.要点点拨：1.四大文明古国：four ancient civilizations2.尊老爱幼：respect the old and care for the young3.道德责任感：a sense of moral responsibility4.发扬：carry forward5.法定节日：legal holiday6.赡养父母、抚养子女：support parents and rear childrenSection ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark thecorresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank morethan once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.For investors who desire low risk and guaranteed income, U.S. government bonds are a secure investment because these bonds have the financial backing and full faith and credit of the federal government. Municipal bonds, also secure, are offered by local governments and often have 36 such as tax-free interest. Some may even be 37 . Corporate bonds are a bit more risky.Two questions often 38 first-time corporate bond investors. The first is "If I purchase a corporate bond, do I have to hold it until the maturity date?" The answer is no. Bonds are bought and sold daily on 39 securities exchanges. However, if you decide to sell your bond before its maturity date, you're not guaranteed to get the face value of the bond. For example, if your bond does not have 40 that make it attractive to other investors, you may be forced to sell your bond at a 41 ,i. e. , a price less than the bond's face value. But if your bond is highly valued by other investors, you may be able to sell it at a premium, i. e. , a price above its face value. Bond prices generally 42 inversely(相反地) with current market interest rates. As interest rates go up, bond prices fall, and vice versa (反之亦然). Thus, like all investments, bonds have a degree of risk. The second question is "How can I 43 the investment risk of a particular bond issue?"Standard & Poor's and Moody's Investors Service rate the level of risk of many corporate andgovernment bonds. And 44 , the higher the market risk of a bond, the higher the interest rate.Investors will invest in a bond considered risky only if the 45 return is high enough.解题步骤：1．15个备选项后面标出词性（名词：advantages, deduction, discount, features；动词：assess, bother, embarrass, fluctuate, insured；形容词：conserved, indefinite, major, potential；副词：naturally, simultaneously）；2. 通读文章，并判断空格处所需单词的词性及词义，确定好的选项要勾划掉；3. 复读全文，复审，检查整篇文章是否通顺流畅。

2016年6月六级真题及答案--深圳翻译

写作参考答案The evolution of modem robot technology seems to be a mixed blessing. Optimists say that more r obots will lead to greater productivity and economic growth, while pessimists complain that we wi ll experience the greatest unemployment crisis in human history. As for me, the world where robot s substitute manual and mental labor is delightful rather than fearful.There is no doubt that human society is benefiting tremendously from robots. On the one hand, ind ustrial robots can assist in carrying out dirty, dull and dangerous tasks while offering increased pro ductivity and safety. On the other hand, domestic robots can provide household services, freeing h uman beings from the boredom of the daily chores. We aren't giving robots "easy jobs", but those t hat most of the time we aren't willing to do and even could never do. Without robots, these jobs w ould remain undone or be done inefficiently. In spite of the potential of machines to replace worke rs, technological progress has always eliminated some specific jobs. But in the meantime, it also h as created new opportunities for human employment, at an even faster rate.Robots are very likely to permeate much of our daily life in the coming years, but it is not necessar y to worry they will snatch jobs from us, because we will assign more challenging jobs to them.26 [O]空格所在句子为 when 引导的时间状语从句，从句中缺少谓语动词，且根据主句中谓语动词 becomes 可进一步确定此处应填入动词的第三人称单数。

6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案详解

2016年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案和解析(第1套)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the use of robots. Try to imagine what will happen when more and more robots take the place of human beings in industry as well as people's daily lives. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer. from the four choices marked A), B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) Project organizer.B) Public relations officer.C) Marketing manager.D) Market research consultant.2. A) Quantitative advertising research.B) Questionnaire design.C) Research methodology.D) Interviewer training.3. A) They are intensive studies of people's spending habits.B) They examine relations between producers and customers.C) They look for new and effective ways to promote products.D) They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.4. A) The lack of promotion opportunity.B) Checking charts and tables.C) Designing questionnaires.D) The persistent intensity.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) His view on Canadian universities.B) His understanding of higher education.C) His suggestions for improvements in higher education.D) His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities.6. A) It is well designed.B) It is rather inflexible.C) It varies among universities.D) It has undergone great changes.7. A) The United States and Canada can learn from each other.B) Public universities are often superior to private universities.C) Everyone should be given equal access to higher education.D) Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions.8. A) University systems vary from country to country.B) Efficiency is essential to university management.C) It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private one.D) Many private university in the . are actually large bureaucracies.Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) Government's role in resolving an economic crisis.B) The worsening real wage situation around the world.C) Indications of economic recovery in the United States.D) The impact of the current economic crisis on peopled life.10. A) They will feel less pressure to raise employees' wages.B) They will feel free to choose the most suitable employees.C) They will feel inclined to expand their business operations.D) They will feel more confident in competing with their rivals.11. A) Employees and companies cooperate to pull through the economic crisis.B) Government and companies join hands to create jobs for the unemployed.C) Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.D) Team work will be encouraged in companies.Passage TwoQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) Whether memory supplements work.B) Whether herbal medicine works wonders.C) Whether exercise enhances one's memory.D) Whether a magic memory promises success.13. A) They help the elderly more than the young.B) They are beneficial in one way or another.C) They generally do not have side effects.D)They are not based on real science.14. A) They are available at most country fairs.B) They are taken in relatively high dosage.C) They are collected or grown by farmers.D) They are prescribed by trained practitioners.15. A) They have often proved to be as helpful as doing mental exercise.B) Taking them with other medications might entail unnecessary risks.C) Their effect lasts only a short time.D) Many have benefited from them.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Recording OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) How catastrophic natural disasters turn out to be to developing nations.B) How the World Meteorological Organization studies natural disasters.C) How powerless humans appear to be in face of natural disasters.D) How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.17. A) By training rescue teams for emergencies.B) By taking steps to prepare people for them.C) By changing people's views of nature.D) By relocating people to safer places.18. A) How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.B) How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters.C) How Cubans suffer from tropical storms.D) How destructive tropical storms can be.Recording TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) Pay back their loans to the American government.B) Provide loans to those in severe financial difficulty.C) Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery.D) Speed up their recovery from the housing bubble.20. A) Some banks may have to merge with others.B) Many smaller regional banks are going to fail.C) It will be hard for banks to provide more loans.D) Many banks will have to lay off some employees.21. A) It will work closely with the government.B) It will endeavor to write off bad loans.C) It will try to lower the interest rate.D) It will try to provide more loans.22. A) It won't help the American economy to turn around.B) It won't do any good to the major commercial banks.C) It will win the approval of the Obama administration.D) It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again.Recording ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23. A) Being unable to learn new things.B) Being rather slow to make changes.C) Losing temper more and more often.D) Losing the ability to get on with others.24. A) Cognitive stimulation.B) Community activity.C) Balanced diet.D) Fresh air.25. A) Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging.B) Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life.C) Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles.D) Seeking advice from doctors from time to time.Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on ,Answer Street 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Let's say you love roller-skating. Just the thought of __26__ on your roller-skates brings a smile to your face. You also know that roller-skating is excellent exercise. You have a __27__ attitude toward it.This description of roller-skating __28__ the three components of an attitude: affect, cognition, and behavior. You love the activity; it's great fun. These feelings __29__ the affective or emotional component; they are an importantingredient in attitudes. The knowledge we have about the object constitutes the cognitive component of an attitude. You understand the health __30__ that the activity can bring. Finally, attitudes have a behavioral component. Our attitudes __31__ us to go outside to enjoy roller-skating.Now, we don't want to leave you with the __32__ that these three components always work together __33__ . They don't; sometimes they clash. For example, let's say you love pizza (affective component); however, you have high cholesterol and understand (knowledge component) that eating pizza may be bad for your health. Which behavior will your attitude result in, eating pizza or __34__ it The answer depends on which component happens to be stronger. If you are walking past a pizza restaurant at lunchtime, your emotions and feelings probably will be stronger than your knowledge that pizza may not be the best food for your health. In that instance, you have pizza for lunch. If you are at home trying to decide where to go for dinner, however, the knowledge component may __35__ , and you decide to go where you can eat a healthier meal.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Changing Generation[A] It turns out today's teenagers aren't so scary after all. Results of USA WEEKEND'S Teens & Parents survey reveal a generation of young people who get along well with their parents and approve of the way they're being raised. They think of their parents with affection and respect. They speak with Mom or Dad when they have a problem. Most feel that their parents understand them, and they believe their family is theNo. 1 priority in their parents, lives. Many even think their parents are cool! Although more than a third have an object in their rooms they would like to keep secret from their parents, rarely is it anything more alarming than a diary or off-color (低俗的) book or CD.[B] Such results may seem surprising against the background of shocking incidents that color the way the mass media portray the young. In October 2000, , the same month the survey was taken, the Washington-based Center for Media and Public Affairs wrote in its publication Media Monitor that, in a recent month of TV news coverage of American youth, just 2% of teens were shown at home, and just 1% were portrayed in a work setting. In contrast, the criminal justice system accounted for nearly one out of every five visual backgrounds. No wonder parents worry their own kids might spin out of control once they hit the turbulent waters of adolescence.[C] The overall facts ought to reassure us. The survey shows us that today's teens are affectionate, sensible and far happier than the angry and tortured souls that have been painted for us by stereotypes. From other sources, we also know teenage crime, drug abuse and premarital sex are in general decline. We, of course, need to pay attention to youngsters who are filled with discontent and hostility, but we should not allow these extreme cases to distort our view of most young people.[D] My own research at the Stanford Center on Adolescence uses in-depth interviews with small samples of youngsters rather than large-scale surveys. Still, in my studies and others I have read, I find the same patterns as in USA WEEKEND'S survey. Today's teenagers admire their parents and welcome parental guidance about important matters such as career choice—though certainly not Mom and Dad's advice on matters of personal taste, such as music or fashion. When we ask teens to choose a hero，they usually select an older family member rather than a remote public figure. Most teens say they enjoy the company of both parents and friends.[E] Contrary to some stereotypes, most adolescents believe they must be tolerant of differences among individuals (though they do not always find this easy in the cliquish (拉帮结派的) environment of high school). Many of them volunteer for community service with disadvantaged people. One prevalent quality we have found in teens, statements about themselves, their friends and their families is a strikingly positive emotional tone. By and large, these are very nice kids, and as the band The Who used to sing, "The kids are alright."[F] How much is today's spirit of harmony a change from our more turbulent past A mere generation ago, parent-child relations were described as "the generation gap". Yet even then reports of widespread youth rebellion were overdone: Most kids in the'60s and 70s shared their parents, basic values. Still, it is true that American families are growing closer at the dawn of this new millennium (千年). Perhaps there is less to fight about, with the country in a period of tranquility and the dangers of drug abuse and other unwholesome behavior well known. Perhaps in the face of impersonal and intimidating globalization, a young person's family feels more like a friendly haven than an oppressive trap. And perhaps parents are acting more like parents than in the recent past. Within just the past five years, I have noticed parents returning to a belief that teenagers need the guidance of elders rather than the liberal, "anything goes" mode of child-rearing that became popular in the second half of the 20th century.[G] But missing from all these data is the sense that today's young care very much about their country, about the broader civic and political environment, or about the future of their society. They seem to be turning inward—generally in a pro-social manner, certainly with positive benefits for intimate relationships, but too often at the expense of a connection with the present and future world beyond, including the society they will one day inherit.[H] Recently, we examined more than 400 essays on the "laws of life" that teens from two communities had written as part of an educational program initiated by the John Templeton Foundation in Radnor, Pa. In those essays, and in follow-up interviews with a few of the teenagers, we found lots of insight, positive feeling and inspirational thinking. But we also found little interest in civic life beyond the tight circles of their family and immediate friends.[I] For example, only one boy said he would like to be president when he grows up. When I was in high school, dozens in my class alone would have answered differently. In fact, other recent studies have found there has never been a time in American history when so small a proportion of young people have sought or accepted leadership roles in local civic organizations. It is also troubling that voting rates among our youngest eligible voters—18- to 24-year-olds—are way down: Little more than one in four now go to the polls, even in national elections, compared with almost twice that many when 18-year-olds were first given the vote.[J] In our interviews, many students viewed politics with suspicion and distaste. " Most politicians are kind of crooked (不诚实的)" one student declared. Another, discussing national politics, said, “I feel like one person can't do that much, and I get the impression most people don't think a group of people can do that much." Asked what they would like to change in the world, the students mentioned only personal concerns such as slowing down the pace of life, gaining good friends,becoming more spiritual, becoming either more materially successful or less materially oriented (depending on the student's values), and being more respectful of the Earth, animals and other people. One boy said, "I'd rather be concentrating on artistic efforts than saving the world or something."[K] It is fine and healthy for teens to cultivate their personal interests, and it is good news when young people enjoy harmonious relations with their family and friends. But there is also a place in a young life for noble purposes that include a dedication to the broader society, a love of country and an aspiration to make their own leadership contributions.[L] In the past, the young have eagerly participated in national service and civic affairs, often with lots of energy and idealism. If this is not happening today, we should ask why. Our society needs the full participation of its younger citizens if it is to continue to thrive. We know the promise is there—this is a well-grounded, talented, warm-hearted group of youngsters. We have everything to gain by encouraging them to explore the world beyond their immediate experience and to prepare themselves for their turn at shaping that world.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

20166月英语六级真题(全三套详细答案及解析)

2016年6月英语六级真题第一套Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the use of robots. Try to imagine what will happen when more and more robots take the place of human beings in industry as well as people's daily lives. You are requried to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A)Project organizerB)Public relations officer.C)Marketing manager.D)Market research consultant.2.A)Quantitative advertising research.B)Questionnaire design.C)Research methodology.D)Interviewer training.3.A)They are intensive studies of people’s spending habits.B)They examine relations between producers and customers.C)They look for new and effective ways to promote products.D)They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.4.A)The lack of promotion opportunity.B)Checking charts and tables.C)Designing questionnaires.D)The persistent intensity.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)His view on Canadian universities.B)His understanding of higher education.C)His suggestions for improvements in higher education.D)His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities.6.A)It is well designed.B)It is rather inflexible.C)It varies among universities.D)It has undergone great changes.7.A)The United States and Canada can learn from each other.B)Public universities are often superior to private universities.C)Everyone should be given equal access to higher education.D)Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions.8.A) University systems vary from country to country.B)Efficiency is essential to university management.C) It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private one.D) Many private university in the U.S. Are actually large bureaucracies.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the endof each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A) Government’s role in resolving an economic crisis.B) The worsening real wage situation around the worldC) Indications of economic recovery in the United States.D) The impact of the current economic crisis on people’s life.10.A)They will feel less pressure to raise employees’ wages.B) They will feel free to choose the most suitable employees.C) They will feel inclined to expand their business operations.D) They will feel more confident in competing with their rivals.11.A) Employees and companies cooperate to pull through the economic crisis.B) Government and companies join hands to create hobs for the unemployed.C) Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.D) Team work will be encouraged in companies.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A) Whether memory supplements work.B) Whether herbal medicine works wonders.C) Whether exercise enhances one’s memory.D) Whether a magic memory promises success.13.A) They help the elderly more than the young.B) They are beneficial in one way or another.C) They generally do not have side effects.D) They are not based on real science.14.A)They are available at most country fairs.B)They are taken in relatively high dosage.C)They are collected or grown by farmers.D)They are prescribed by trained practitioners.15.A)They have often proved to be as helpful as doing mental exercise.B)Taking them with other medications might entail unnecessary risks.C)Their effect lasts only a short time.D)Many have benefited from them.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)How catastrophic natural disasters turn out to be to developing nations.B)How the World Meteorological Organization studies natural disasters.C)How powerless humans appear to be in face of natural disasters.D)How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.17.A)By training rescue teams for emergencies.B)By taking steps to prepare people for them.C)By changing people’s views of nature.D)By relocating people to safer places.18.A)How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.B)How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters.C)How Cubans suffer from tropical storms.D)How destructive tropical storms can be.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A)Pay back their loans to the American government.B)Provide loans to those in severe financial difficulty.C)Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery.D)Speed up their recovery from the housing bubble.20.A)Some banks may have to merge with others.B)Many smaller regional banks are going to fail.C)It will be hard for banks to provide more loans.D)Many banks will have to lay off some employees.21.A)It will work closely with the government.B)It will endeavor to write off bad loans.C)It will try to lower the interest rate.D)It will try to provide more loans.22.A)It won’t help the American economy to turn around.B)It won’t do any good to the major commercial banks.C)It will win the approval of the Obama administration.D)It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23.A)Being unable to learn new things.B)Being rather slow to make changes.C)Losing temper more and more often.D)Losing the ability to get on with others.24.A)Cognitive stimulation.B)Community activity.C)Balanced diet.D)Fresh air.25.A)Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging.B)Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life.C)Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles.D)Seeking advice from doctors from time to time.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Pursuing a career is an essential part of adolescent development.“The adolescent becomes an adult when he_26_a real job.”To cognitive researchers like Piaget,adulthood meant the beginning of an_27_. Piaget argued that once adolescents enter the world of work,their newly acquired ability to form hypotheses allows them to create representations that are too ideal.The_28_of such ideals,without the tempering of the reality of a job or profession,rapidly leads adolescents to become _29_ of the non-idealistic world and to press for reform in a characteristically adolescent way.Piaget said:“True adaptation to society comes_30_when the adolescent reformer attempts to put his ideas to work.”Of course,youthful idealism is often courageous,and no one likes to giveup dreams.Perhaps,taken_31_out of context,Piaget’s statement seems harsh.What he was_32_，however,is the way reality can modify idealistic views.Some people refer to such modification as maturity.Piaget argued that attaining and accepting a vocation is one of the best ways to modify idealized views and to mature.As careers and vocations become less available during times of_33_,adolescents may be especially hard hit.Such difficult economic times may leave many adolescents_34_about their roles in society.For this reason,community interventions and government job programs that offer summer and vacation work are not only economically_35_but also help to stimulate the adolescent’s sense of worth.A)automaticallyB)beneficialC)capturingD)confusedE)emphasizingF)entranceG)excitedH)existenceI)incidentallyJ)intolerantK)occupationL)promisesM)recessionN)slightlyO)undertakesSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with tenstatements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Can societies be rich and green?[A]“If our economies are to flourish,if global poverty is to be eliminated and if the well-being of the world’s people enhanced—not just in this generation but in succeeding generations—we must make sure we take care of the natural environment and resources on which our economic activity depends.”That statement comes not,as you might imagine,from a stereotypical tree-hugging,save-the-world greenie(环保主义者),but from Gordon Brown,a politician with a reputation for rigour,thoroughness and above all,caution.[B]A surprising thing for the man who runs one of the world’s most powerful economies to say?Perhaps;though in the run-up to the five-year review of the Millennium(千年的)Goals,he is far from alone.The roots of his speech,given in March at the roundtable meeting of environment and energy ministers from the G20 group of nations,stretch back to 1972,and the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm.[C]“The protection and improvement of the human environment is a major issue which affects the well-being of peoples and economic development throughout the world,”read the final declaration from this gathering,the first of a sequence which would lead to the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992 and the World Development Summit in Johannesburg three years ago.[D]Hunt through the reports prepared by UN agencies and development groups—many for conferences such as this year’s Millennium Goals review —and you will find that the linkage between environmental protection and economic progress is a common thread.[E]Managing ecosystems sustainably is more profitable than exploiting them,according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment.But finding hard evidence to support the thesis is not so easy.Thoughts turn first to some sort of global statistic,some indicator which would rate the wealth of nations in both economic and environmental terms and show a relationship between the two.[F]If such an indicator exists,it is well hidden.And onreflection,this is not surprising;the single word“environment”has so many dimensions,and there are so many other factors affecting wealth —such as the oil deposits—that teasing out a simple economy-environment relationship would be almost impossible.[G]The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment,a vast four-year global study which reported its initial conclusions earlier this year,found reasons to believe that managing ecosystems sustainably—working with nature rather than against it—might be less profitable in the short term,but certainly brings long-term rewards.[H]And the World Resources Institute(WRI)in its World Resources 2005 report,issued at the end of August,produced several such examples from Africa and Asia;it also demonstrated that environmental degradation affects the poor more than the rich,as poorer people derive a much higher proportion of their income directly from the natural resources around them.[I]But there are also many examples of growing wealth by trashing the environment,in rich and poor parts of the world alike,whether through unregulated mineral extraction,drastic water use foragriculture,slash-and-burn farming,or fossil-fuel-guzzling(大量消耗)transport.Of course,such growth may not persist in the long term—which is what Mr.Brown and the Stockholm declaration were both attempting to point out.Perhaps the best example of boom growth and bust decline isthe Grand Banks fishery.For almost five centuries a very large supply of cod(鳕鱼)provided abundant raw material for an industry which at its peak employed about 40,000 people,sustaining entire communities in Newfoundland.Then,abruptly,the cod population collapsed.There were no longer enough fish in the sea for the stock to maintain itself,let alone an industry.More than a decade later,there was no sign of the ecosystem re-building itself.It had,apparently,been fished out of existence;and the once mighty Newfoundland fleet now gropes about frantically for crab on the sea floor.[J]There is a view that modern humans are inevitably sowing the seed of a global Grand Banks-style disaster.The idea is that we are taking more out of what you might call the planet’s environmental bank balance than it can sustain;we are living beyond our ecological means.One recent study attempted to calculate the extent of this“ecological overshoot of the human economy”,and found that we are using 1.2 Earth’s-worth of environmental goods and services—the implication being that at some point the debt will be called in,and all those services—the things which the planet does for us for free—will grind to a halt.[K]Whether this is right,and if so where and when the ecological axe will fall,is hard to determine with any precision—which is why governments and financial institutions are only beginning to bring such risks into their economic calculations.It is also the reason why development agencies are not united in their view of environmental issues;while some,like the WRI,maintain that environmental progress needs to go hand-in-hand with economic development,others argue that the priority is to build a thriving economy,and then use the wealth created to tackle environmental degradation.[L]This view assumes that rich societies will invest in environmental care.But is this right?Do things get better or worse as we get richer?Here the Stockholm declaration is ambiguous.“In the developing countries,”it says,“most of the environmental problems are caused byunder-development.”So it is saying that economic development should make for a cleaner world?Not necessarily;“In the industralisedcountries,environmental problems are generally related to industrialisation and technological development,”it continues.In other words,poor and rich both over-exploit the natural world,but for different reasons.It’s simply not true that economic growth will surely make our world cleaner.[M]Clearly,richer societies are able to provide environmental improvements which lie well beyond the reach of poorercommunities.Citizens of wealthy nations demand national parks,clean rivers,clean air and poison-free food.They also,however,use far more natural resources-fuel,water(all those baths and golf courses)and building materials.[N]A case can be made that rich nations export environmental problems,the most graphic example being climate change.As a country’s wealth grows,so do its greenhouse gas emissions.The figures available will not be completely accurate.Measuring emissions is not a precise science, particularly when it comes to issues surrounding land use;not all nations have re-leased up-to-date data,and in any case,emissions from some sectors such as aviation are not included in national statistics.But the data is exact enough for a clear trend to be easily discernible.As countries become richer,they produce more greenhouse gases;and the impact of those gases will fall primarily in poor parts of the world.[O]Wealth is not,of course,the only factor involved.The average Norwegian is better off than the average US citizen,but contributes about half as much to climate change.But could Norway keep its standard of living and yet cut its emissions to Moroccan or even Ethiopian levels?Thatquestion,repeated across a dozen environmental issues and across our diverse planet,is what will ultimately determine whether the human race is living beyond its ecological means as it pursues economic revival.36.Examples show that both rich and poor countries exploited the environment for economic progress.37.Environmental protection and improvement benefit people all over the world.38.It is not necessarily true that economic growth will make our world cleaner.39.The common theme of the UN reports is the relation between environmental protection and economic growth.40.Development agencies disagree regarding how to tackle environment issues while ensuring economic progress.41.It is difficult to find solid evidence to prove environmental friendliness generates more profits than exploiting the natural environment.42.Sustainable management of ecosystems will prove rewarding in the long run.43.A politician noted for being cautious asserts that sustainable human development depends on the natural environment.44.Poor countries will have to bear the cost for rich nations’ economic development.45.One recent study warns us of the danger of the exhaustion of natural resources on Earth.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of themthere are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Interactive television advertising, which allows viewers to use their remote controls to click on advertisements, has been pushed for years. Nearly a decade ago it was predicted that viewers of “Friends”, a popular situation comedy, would soon be able to purchase a sweater like Jennifer Aniston’s with a few taps on their remote control.“It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years,”says Colin Dixon of a digital-media consultancy.So the news that Cablevision, and American cable company, was rolling out interactive advertisements to all its customers on October 6th was greeted with some skepticism. During commercials, an overlay will appear at the bottom of the screen, prompting viewers to press a button to request a free sample or order a catalogue. Cablevision hopes to allow customers to buy things with their remote controls early next year.Television advertising could do with a boost. Spending fell by 10% in the first half of the year. The popularization of digital video recorders has caused advertisers to worry that their commercials will be skipped. Some are turning to the Internet, which is cheaper and offers concrete measurements like click-through rates—especially important at a time when marketing budgets are tight. With the launch of interactive advertising,“many of the dollars that went to the Internet will come back to the TV,”says David Kline of Cablevision. Or so the industry hopes.In theory, interactive advertising can engage viewers in a way that 30-second spots do not. Unilever recently ran an interactive campaign forits Axe deodorant(除臭剂)，which kept viewers engaged for more than three minutes on average.The amount spent on interactive advertising on television is still small. Magna, an advertising agency, reckons it will be worth about $138 million this year. That falls far short of the billions of dollars people once expected it to generate. But DirecTV, Comcast and Time Warner Cable have all invested in it. A new effort led by Canoe Ventures, a coalition of leading cable providers, aims to make interactive advertising available across America later this year. BrightLine iTV, Which designs and sells interactive ads, says interest has surged: it expects its revenues almost to triple this year. BSkyB, Britain’s biggest satellite-television service, already provides 9 million customers with interactive ads.Yet there are doubts whether people watching television, a“lean back”medium, crave interaction. Click-through rates have been high sofar(around 3-4%, compared with less than 0.3% online), but that may be a result of the novelty. Interactive ads and viewers might not go well together.46.What does Colin Dixon mean by saying“It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years”(Lines 4-5, Para.1)?A)Interactive television advertising will become popular in 10-12 years.B)Interactive television advertising has been under debate for the last decade or so.C)Interactive television advertising is successful when incorporated into situation comedies.D)Interactive television advertising has not achieved the anticipatedresults.47.What is the public’s response to Cablevision’s planned interactive TV advertising program?A)Pretty positive.B)Totally indifferent.C)Somewhat doubtful.D)Rather critical.48.What is the impact of the wide use of digital video recorders on TV advertising?A)It has made TV advertising easily accessible to viewers.B)It helps advertisers to measure the click-through rates.C)It has placed TV advertising at a great disadvantage.D)It enables viewers to check the sales items with ease.49.What do we learn about Unilever’s interactive campaign?A)It proves the advantage of TV advertising.B)It has done well in engaging the viewers.C)It helps attract investments in the company.D)it has boosted the TV advertising industry.50.How does the author view the hitherto high click-through rates?A)They may be due to the novel way of advertising.B)They signify the popularity of interactive advertising.C)They point to the growing curiosity ofTV viewers.D)They indicate the future direction of media reform.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easy answers. There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it—they’re in the wrong places, or they have thewrong skills, Our problems are“structural,”and will take many years to solve.But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view. There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise. But it’s actually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursing real solutions.The fact is job openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of workers forced into part-time employment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged in every major occupational category. Only three states. With a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5%. So the evidence contradicts the claim that we’re mainly suffering from structural unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become so popular?Part of the answer is that this is what always happens during periods of high unemployment—in part because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious.I’ve been looking at what self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the Great Depression; it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now. Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly, declared one 1935 analysis, because the workforce is“unadaptable and untrained. It cannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer.”A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a fiscal stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs—and suddenly industry was eager to employ those“unadaptable and untrained”workers.But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling out economy and our society.So what you need to know is that there’s no evidence whatsoever to back these claims. We aren’t suffering from a shortage of needed skills, We’re suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse—a reason not to act on America’s problems at a time when action is desperately needed.51.What does the author think is the root cause of mass unemployment in America?A)Corporate mismanagement.B)Insufficient demand.C)Technological advances.D)Workers’ slow adaptation.52.What does the author think of the experts’ claim concerning unemployment?A)Self-evident.B)Thought-provoking.C)Irrational.D)Groundless.53.What does the author say helped bring down unemployment during the Great Depression?A)The booming defense industry.B)The wise heads’ benefit package.C)Nationwide training of workers.D)Thorough restructuring of industries.54.What has caused claims of huge structural problems to multiply?A)Powerful opposition to government’s stimulus efforts.B)Very Serious People’s attempt to cripple the economy.C)Evidence gathered from many sectors of the industries.D)Economists’ failure to detect the problems in time.55.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A)To testify to the experts’ analysis of America’s problems.B)To offer a feasible solution to the structural unemployment.C)To show the urgent need for the government to take action.D)To alert American workers to the urgency for adaptation.Part IV Translation (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。

2016年6月英语六级参考答案

2016年6月英语六级参考答案（卷一）写作参考答案The evolution of modem robot technology seems to be a mixed blessing. Optimist s say that more robots will lead to gre ater productivity and economic growth, whil e pessimists complain that we will experience the greatest unemployment crisis in human history. As for me, the world where robots substitute manual and mental la bor is delightful rather than fearful.There is no doubt that human society is benefiting tremendously from robots. On the one hand,industrial robots can assist in carrying out dirty, dull and dangerous tasks while offering increased productivity and safety. On the other hand, domesti c robots can provide household services, freeing human beings from the boredom of the daily chores. We aren't giving robots"easy jobs", but those that most of the time we aren't willing to do and even could never do.Without robots, these jobs would remain undone or be done inefficiently. In spite of the potential of machine s to replace workers, technological pro gre ss has always eliminated some specific j obs. But in the meantime, it also has created new opportunities for human employ ment, at an even faster rate.Robots are very likely to permeate much of our daily life in the coming years, but i t is not necessary to worry they will snatch jobs from us, bec ause we will assign m ore challenging jobs to them.【解析】本题要求考生围绕“在未来，越来越多的人工劳动将被机器取代会是怎样一番情景”写一篇作文，考生既可以阐述其积极的一面，也可以论述其不利的一面。

2016年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案和解析

2016年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案和解析(第1套) Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. , B. , C. and D.. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Manufacturers of products that claim to be environmentally friendly will face tighter rules on how they are advertised to consumers under changes proposed by the Federal Trade Commission.The commission's revised "Green Guides" warn marketers against using labels that make broad claims, like "eco-friendly". Marketers must qualify their claims on the product packaging and limit them to a specific benefit, such as how much of the product is recycled."This is really about trying to cut through the confusion that consumers have when they are buying a product and that businesses have when they are selling a product," said Jon Leibowitz, chairman of the commission.The revisions come at a time when green marketing is on the rise. According to a new study, the number of advertisements with green messages in mainstream magazines has risen since 1987, and peaked in 2008 at 10.4%. In 2009, the number dropped to 9%.But while the number of advertisements may have dipped, there has been a rapid spread of ecolabeling. There are both good and bad players in the eco-labeling game.In the last five years or so, there has been an explosion of green claims and environmental claims. It is clear that consumers don't always know what they are getting.A handful of lawsuits have been filed in recent years against companies accused of using misleading environmental labels. In 2008 and 2009, class-action lawsuits (集体诉讼) were filed against SC Johnson for using "Greenlist" labels on its cleaning products. The lawsuits said that the label was misleading because it gave the impression that the products had been certified by a third party when the certification was the company's own."We are very proud of our accomplishments under the Greenlist system and we believe that we will prevail in these cases," Christopher Beard, director of public affairs for SC Johnson, said, while acknowledging that "this has been an area that is difficult to navigate."Companies have also taken it upon themselves to contest each other's green claims.David Mallen, associate director of the Council of Better Business Bureau, said inthe last two years the organization had seen an increase in the number of claims companies were bringing against each other for false or misleading environmental product claims."About once a week, I have a client that will bring up a new certification I've never even heard of and I'm in this industry, said Kevin Wilhelm, chief executive officer of Sustainable Business Consulting. "It's kind of a Wild West, anybody can claim themselves to be green." Mr. Wilhelm said the excess of labels made it difficult for businesses and consumers to know which labels they should pay attention to.46. What do the revised "Green Guides" require businesses to do?A) Manufacture as many green products as possible.B) Indicate whether their products are recyclable.C) Specify in what way their products are green.D) Attach green labels to all of their products.47. What does the author say about consumers facing an explosion of green claims?A) They can easily see through the businesses' tricks.B) They have to spend lots of time choosing products.C) They have doubt about current green certification.D) They are not clear which products are truly green.48. What was SC Johnson accused of in the class-action lawsuits?A) It gave consumers the impression that all its products were truly green.B) It gave a third party the authority to label its products as environmentally friendly.C) It misled consumers to believe that its products had been certified by a third party.D) It sold cleaning products that were not included in the official "Greenlist".49. How did Christopher Beard defend his company's labeling practice?A) There were no clear guidelines concerning green labeling.B) His company's products had been well received by the public.C) It was in conformity to the prevailing practice in the market.D) No law required the involvement of a third party in certification.50. What does Kevin Wilhelm imply by saying "It's kind of a Wild West" (Line 3，Para. 11)?A) Businesses compete to produce green products.B) Each business acts its own way in green labeling.C) Consumers grow wild with products labeled green.D) Anything produced in the West can be labeled green.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.America's education system has become less a ladder of opportunity than a structure to transmit inequality from one generation to the next.That's why school reform is so critical. This is an issue of equality, opportunity and national conscience. It's not just about education, but about poverty and justice.It's true that the main reason inner-city schools do poorly isn't teachers' unions, but poverty. Southern states without strong teachers' ，unions have schools at least as awful as those in union states. Some Chicago teachers seem to think that they shouldn't be held accountable until poverty is solved. There're steps we can take that would make some difference, and Mayor Rahm Emanuel is trying some of them—yet the union is resisting.I'd be sympathetic if the union focused solely on higher compensation. Teachers need to be much better paid to attract the best college graduates to the nation's worst schools. But, instead, the Chicago union seems to be using its political capital primarily to protect weak performers.There's solid evidence that there are huge differences in the effectiveness of teachers. The gold standard study by Harvard and Columbia University scholars found that even in high-poverty schools, teachers consistently had a huge positive or negative impact.Get a bottom 1% teacher, and the effect is the same as if a child misses 40% of the school year. Get a teacher from the top 20%, and it's as if a child has gone to school for an extra month or two.The study found that strong teachers in the fourth through eighth grades raised the skills of their students in ways that would last for decades. Just having a strong teacher for one elementary year left pupils a bit less likely to become mothers as teenagers, a bit more likely to go to college and earning more money at age 28.How does one figure out who is a weak teacher? Yes, that's a challenge. But researchers are improving systems to measure a teacher's performance throughout the year, and, with three years of data, ifs usually possible to tell which teachers are failing.Unfortunately, the union in Chicago is insisting that teachers who are laid off—often for being ineffective—should get priority in new hiring. That's an insult to students.Teaching is so important that it should be like other professions, with high pay and good working conditions but few job protections for bottom performers. This isn't a battle between garment workers and greedy bosses. The central figures in the Chicago schools strike are neither strikers nor managers but 350,000 children. Protecting the union demand sacrifices those students, in effect turning a blind eye to the injustice in the education system.51. What do we learn about America's education system?A) It provides a ladder of opportunity for the wealthy.B) It contributes little to the elimination of inequality.C) It has remained basically unchanged for generations.D) It has brought up generations of responsible citizens.52. What is chiefly responsible for the undesirable performance of inner-city schools?A) Unqualified teachers. C) Unfavorable learning environment.B) Lack of financial resources. D) Subconscious racial discrimination.53. What does the author think the union should do to win popular support?A) Assist the city government in reforming schools. C) Demand higher pay for teachers.B) Give constructive advice to inner-city schools. D) Help teachers improve teaching.54. What is the finding of the gold standard study by Harvard and Columbia University scholars?A) Many inner-city school teachers are not equal to their jobs.B) A large proportion of inner-city children often miss classes.C) Many students are dissatisfied with their teachers.D) Student performance has a lot to do with teachers.55. Why does the author say the Chicago unions demand is an insult to students?A) It protects incompetent teachers at the expense of students.B) It underestimates students, ability to tell good teachers from poor ones.C) It makes students feel that they are discriminated against in many ways.D) It totally ignores students，initiative in the learning process.答案：46 [C]【定位】根据题干中的the revised “Green Guides”定位至第2 段。

2016年6月,2015年12月英语六级真题作文翻译

2016年6月英语六级作文及翻译第一套（机器人）Direction:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessay on the use of robots. Try toimagine what will happen whenrobots take the place of human beings in industryas well aspeople’s daily lives. You are required to write at least 150wordsbut no more than 200 words.第一段:引出文章话题.说明技术的发展对人类生活的改变. 第二段:针对此现象作出观点的阐述第三段:得出结论.It is held bysome people that knowledge is power,especially scientific and technologicalknowledge. Science andtechnology are the motive power of the socialdevelopment, whichconstitute a primary productive force. The use of robots istheproduce of development of science and technology.People’s viewson the use of robots vary from person toperson. Some hold that human life cannotcontinue without the use ofrobots. For many years, human society has developedwith the use ofscience and technology. So the lifewith the use of robots we areliving now is more efficient than thatof our fore fathers. They go on to pointout that the use of robotshas brought about many changes in people's life. Forexample,through the use of robots can improve the work efficiency andavoiddangerous events happening in our life in that we can requirerobots to do someworks with danger instead of humanbeings.Science andtechnology of robots are the crystallization ofhuman wisdom. It brought aglorious past to humanity, also willbring bright future to mankind.深圳市中国广东省一座新开发的城市。

2016年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析(共三套完整版)

2016年6月英语六级考试真题完整版第一版（E-learning）For thispart, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessay on E-learning, try toimagine what will happen when more andmore people study on-line instead ofgoing to school. You shouldwrite at least 150 words but no more than 200words.第一段: 写出现状.第二段: 分析在线学习未来的图景并简单解释原因第三段: 分析未来及自己的应对之策Currently, an increasing numberofpeople begin to use Internet to take courses and acquire knowledge.Onlinelearning is booming all around the world. It is providingmany options withlearners in terms of time, locations, subjects andcosts.Online learning greatlypromoteslearners’ studying efficiency and teachers’ productivity.As a result, updatedknowledge will reach those students in isolatedareas at a higher speed, whichcan make many of them keep pace withthe time. Additionally, students candecide their learning locationand time much more freely. Notably, because transportationandaccommodation will not trouble E-learners, learning cost will belargelylowered. These advantages might decrease the number ofpeople who routinelyattend schoollearning.From my point of view, personalinteractionbetween teachers and students in schools isirreplaceable. It is a good ideathat we combine E-learning andattending school together. Learning is not asimple multiple-choicequestion but an important issue that needs your tryingandinvolvement.第二版（机器人）For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessay on the use of robots. Try toimagine what will happen whenrobots take the place of human beings in industryas well aspeople’s daily lives. You are required to write at least 150wordsbut no more than 200 words.第一段:引出文章话题.说明技术的发展对人类生活的改变.第二段:针对此现象作出观点的阐述第三段:得出结论.It is held bysome people that knowledge is power,especially scientific and technologicalknowledge. Science andtechnology are the motive power of the socialdevelopment, whichconstitute a primary productive force. The use of robots istheproduce of development of science and technology.People’s viewson the use of robots vary from person toperson. Some hold that human life cannotcontinue without the use ofrobots. For many years, human society has developedwith the use ofscience and technology. So the lifewith the use of robots we areliving now is more efficient than thatof our fore fathers. They go on to pointout that the use of robotshas brought about many changes in people's life. Forexample,through the use of robots can improve the work efficiency andavoiddangerous events happening in our life in that we can requirerobots to do someworks with danger instead of humanbeings.Science andtechnology of robots are the crystallization ofhuman wisdom. It brought aglorious past to humanity, also willbring bright future to mankind.For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessay on living in the virtualworld. Try to imagine what willhappen when people spend more and more time inthe virtual worldinstead of interacting in the real world. You are required towriteat least 150 words but no more than 200 words.第三版（虚拟世界）第一段:说明科技发展对人类生活的改变,引出话题.说明,我们交流方式的变化.第二段:人们虚拟世界的交流给我们带来的影响.第三段:得出结论.We have to admit that the impactoftechnology on society is unquestionable. Whetherconsidering the TV or thecomputers, technology has had a hugeimpact on society. While not every advancehas been beneficial,there have been many positive effects of technology. Theinternet isone typical example.With the development of science andtechnology, the worldis no longer what it used to be. But the ability ofcommunication isa significant skill which should be cultivated if we want tosurviveand succeed in the world. But the way of communication with peoplehaschanged dramatically. Almost everyone today has a computer, anduses it tocommunicate with their friends, family, and evenbusiness. The virtual worldcommunication has changed the way thatpeople communicate.Since communication between peoplein the real world is of utmost importance, lack of communicationwilllead to perish of human beings. Through communication in thereal world, mutualunderstanding can be promoted and fosteredbetween people, which cannot bereplaced by the virtualcommunication.六级翻译第一套旗袍(qipao)是一种雅致的中国服装,源于中国的满族(Manchu Nationality)。

2016年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案和解析

2016年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案和解析(第1套) Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. , B. , C. and D.. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Manufacturers of products that claim to be environmentally friendly will face tighter rules on how they are advertised to consumers under changes proposed by the Federal Trade Commission.The commission's revised "Green Guides" warn marketers against using labels that make broad claims, like "eco-friendly". Marketers must qualify their claims on the product packaging and limit them to a specific benefit, such as how much of the product is recycled."This is really about trying to cut through the confusion that consumers have when they are buying a product and that businesses have when they are selling a product," said Jon Leibowitz, chairman of the commission.The revisions come at a time when green marketing is on the rise. According to a new study, the number of advertisements with green messages in mainstream magazines has risen since 1987, and peaked in 2008 at 10.4%. In 2009, the number dropped to 9%.But while the number of advertisements may have dipped, there has been a rapid spread of ecolabeling. There are both good and bad players in the eco-labeling game.In the last five years or so, there has been an explosion of green claims and environmental claims. It is clear that consumers don't always know what they are getting.A handful of lawsuits have been filed in recent years against companies accused of using misleading environmental labels. In 2008 and 2009, class-action lawsuits (集体诉讼) were filed against SC Johnson for using "Greenlist" labels on its cleaning products. The lawsuits said that the label was misleading because it gave the impression that the products had been certified by a third party when the certification was the company's own."We are very proud of our accomplishments under the Greenlist system and we believe that we will prevail in these cases," Christopher Beard, director of public affairs for SC Johnson, said, while acknowledging that "this has been an area that is difficult to navigate."Companies have also taken it upon themselves to contest each other's green claims.David Mallen, associate director of the Council of Better Business Bureau, said inthe last two years the organization had seen an increase in the number of claims companies were bringing against each other for false or misleading environmental product claims."About once a week, I have a client that will bring up a new certification I've never even heard of and I'm in this industry, said Kevin Wilhelm, chief executive officer of Sustainable Business Consulting. "It's kind of a Wild West, anybody can claim themselves to be green." Mr. Wilhelm said the excess of labels made it difficult for businesses and consumers to know which labels they should pay attention to.46. What do the revised "Green Guides" require businesses to do?A) Manufacture as many green products as possible.B) Indicate whether their products are recyclable.C) Specify in what way their products are green.D) Attach green labels to all of their products.47. What does the author say about consumers facing an explosion of green claims?A) They can easily see through the businesses' tricks.B) They have to spend lots of time choosing products.C) They have doubt about current green certification.D) They are not clear which products are truly green.48. What was SC Johnson accused of in the class-action lawsuits?A) It gave consumers the impression that all its products were truly green.B) It gave a third party the authority to label its products as environmentally friendly.C) It misled consumers to believe that its products had been certified by a third party.D) It sold cleaning products that were not included in the official "Greenlist".49. How did Christopher Beard defend his company's labeling practice?A) There were no clear guidelines concerning green labeling.B) His company's products had been well received by the public.C) It was in conformity to the prevailing practice in the market.D) No law required the involvement of a third party in certification.50. What does Kevin Wilhelm imply by saying "It's kind of a Wild West" (Line 3，Para. 11)?A) Businesses compete to produce green products.B) Each business acts its own way in green labeling.C) Consumers grow wild with products labeled green.D) Anything produced in the West can be labeled green.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.America's education system has become less a ladder of opportunity than a structure to transmit inequality from one generation to the next.That's why school reform is so critical. This is an issue of equality, opportunity and national conscience. It's not just about education, but about poverty and justice.It's true that the main reason inner-city schools do poorly isn't teachers' unions, but poverty. Southern states without strong teachers' ，unions have schools at least as awful as those in union states. Some Chicago teachers seem to think that they shouldn't be held accountable until poverty is solved. There're steps we can take that would make some difference, and Mayor Rahm Emanuel is trying some of them—yet the union is resisting.I'd be sympathetic if the union focused solely on higher compensation. Teachers need to be much better paid to attract the best college graduates to the nation's worst schools. But, instead, the Chicago union seems to be using its political capital primarily to protect weak performers.There's solid evidence that there are huge differences in the effectiveness of teachers. The gold standard study by Harvard and Columbia University scholars found that even in high-poverty schools, teachers consistently had a huge positive or negative impact.Get a bottom 1% teacher, and the effect is the same as if a child misses 40% of the school year. Get a teacher from the top 20%, and it's as if a child has gone to school for an extra month or two.The study found that strong teachers in the fourth through eighth grades raised the skills of their students in ways that would last for decades. Just having a strong teacher for one elementary year left pupils a bit less likely to become mothers as teenagers, a bit more likely to go to college and earning more money at age 28.How does one figure out who is a weak teacher? Yes, that's a challenge. But researchers are improving systems to measure a teacher's performance throughout the year, and, with three years of data, ifs usually possible to tell which teachers are failing.Unfortunately, the union in Chicago is insisting that teachers who are laid off—often for being ineffective—should get priority in new hiring. That's an insult to students.Teaching is so important that it should be like other professions, with high pay and good working conditions but few job protections for bottom performers. This isn't a battle between garment workers and greedy bosses. The central figures in the Chicago schools strike are neither strikers nor managers but 350,000 children. Protecting the union demand sacrifices those students, in effect turning a blind eye to the injustice in the education system.51. What do we learn about America's education system?A) It provides a ladder of opportunity for the wealthy.B) It contributes little to the elimination of inequality.C) It has remained basically unchanged for generations.D) It has brought up generations of responsible citizens.52. What is chiefly responsible for the undesirable performance of inner-city schools?A) Unqualified teachers. C) Unfavorable learning environment.B) Lack of financial resources. D) Subconscious racial discrimination.53. What does the author think the union should do to win popular support?A) Assist the city government in reforming schools. C) Demand higher pay for teachers.B) Give constructive advice to inner-city schools. D) Help teachers improve teaching.54. What is the finding of the gold standard study by Harvard and Columbia University scholars?A) Many inner-city school teachers are not equal to their jobs.B) A large proportion of inner-city children often miss classes.C) Many students are dissatisfied with their teachers.D) Student performance has a lot to do with teachers.55. Why does the author say the Chicago unions demand is an insult to students?A) It protects incompetent teachers at the expense of students.B) It underestimates students, ability to tell good teachers from poor ones.C) It makes students feel that they are discriminated against in many ways.D) It totally ignores students，initiative in the learning process.答案：46 [C]【定位】根据题干中的the revised “Green Guides”定位至第2 段。

2016英语六级翻译真题及参考译文

2016英语六级翻译真题及参考译文随着英语六级考试的结束，翻译题作为考试中的一个难点，很多人都关心翻译题到底要怎么翻译。

下面店铺为大家带来2016英语六级翻译真题及参考译文，希望对大家有所帮助!中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展，为了在科学技术上尽快赶超世界发达国家，中国近年来大幅度增加了研究开发资金。

中国的大学和研究所正在积极开展创新研究，这些研究覆盖了从大数据到生物化学、从新能源到机器人等各类高科技领域。

它们还与各地的科技园合作，使创新成果商业化。

与此同时，无论在产品还是商业模式上，中国企业家也在努力争做创新的先锋，以适应国内外消费市场不断变化和增长的需求。

China's innovation is flourishing faster than ever before. In order to surpass developed countries on science and technology as soon as possible, China has sharply increased research and development fund. Chinese universities and institutes are actively doing innovative researches, covering various fields of high technology, from big data to biochemistry, and from new energy to robots. They are also cooperating with science and technology parks in different places, so as to commercialize their fruits of innovation. In the meantime, to adapt to the changing foreign and domestic market, and to satisfy the growing demand, Chinese entrepreneurs are also making pioneering efforts to innovate their products and business models.深圳是中国广东省一座新开发的城市，在改革开放之前，深圳不过是一个渔村，仅有三万多人。

2016年6英语六级真题和详细答案

Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on living in the virtual world. Try to imagine what will happen when people spend more and more time inthe virtual world instead of interacting in the real world. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.The robotics revolution is set to bring humans face to face with an old fear-man-made creations as smart and capable as we are without a moral compass. As robots take on ever more complex roles, the question naturally_____(27). Who will be responsible when they do something wrong? Manufacturers? Users? Software writers? The answer depends on the robot. Robots already save us time, money and energy. In the future, they will improve our health care, social welfare and standard of living. The _____(28)of computational power and engineering advances will _____(29)enable lower-cost in-home care for the disabled,_____(30)use of driverless cars that may reduce drunk and distracted-driving accidents and countless home and service-industry uses from street cleaning to food preparation.But there are _____(31)to be problems. Robot cars will crash. A drone (遥控飞行器)operator will _____(32)someone's privacy. A robotic lawn mower(割草机)will run over a neighbor's cat. Juries sympathetic to the _____(33)of machines will punish entrepreneurs with company-crushing _____(34)and damages What should government do to protect people while _____(35), space for innovation?Big. complicated systems on which much public safety depends, like driverless cars, should be built _____(36)and sold by manufacturers who take responsibility for ensuring safety and are liable for accidents. Governments should set safety requirements and then let insurers price the risk of the robots based on the manufacturer's driving record. not the passenger's.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Reform and Medical Costs[A]American are deeply concerned about the relentless rise in health care costs and health insurance premiums. They need to know if reform will help solve the problem. The answer is that no once has an easy fix rising medical costs. The fundamental fix—reshaping how care is delivered and how doctors are paid in a wasteful, abnormal system—is likely to be a achieved only through trial and incremental(渐进的)gains.[B]The good news is that a bill just approved by the House and a bill approved by the Senate Finance Committee would implement or test many reforms that should help slow the rise in medical costs over the long term. As report in The New England Journal of Medicine concluded. "Pretty much every proposed innovation found in the health policy Iiterature these days is contained in these measures."[C]Medical spending, which typically rises faster than wages and the overall economy, is propelled by two things: the high prices charged for medical services in this country and the volume of unnecessary caredelivered by doctors and hospitals, which often perform a lot more tests and treatments than patient really needs.[D]Here are some of the important proposals in the House and Senate bills to try to address those problem, and why it is hard to know how well they will work.[E]Both bills would reduce the rate of growth in annual Medicare payments to hospital, nursing homes and other providers by amounts comparable to the productivity savings routinely made in other industries with the help of new technologies and new ways to organize work. This proposal could save Medicare more than $100 billion over the next decade. If private plans demanded similar productivity savings from providers, and refused to let providers shift additional costs to them, the savings could be much larger. Critics say Congress will give in to lobbyists and let inefficient provider off the hook(放过). That is far less likely to happen if Congress also adopts strong "pay-go" rules requiring that any increase in payments to providers be offset by new taxes or budge cuts.[F]The Senate Finance bill would impose an excise tax(消费税)on health insurance plans that cost more than $8,000 for an individual or $21,000 for a family. It would most likely cause Insures to redesign plans to fall beneath the threshould. Enrollees would have to pay more money for many services out of their own pockets, and that would encourage them to think twice about whether an expensive or redundant test was worth it. Economists project that most employers would shift money from expensive health benefits into wages, The House bill has no similar tax. The final legislation should.[G]Any doctor who has wrestled with multiple forms from different insurers, or patients who have tried to understand their own parade of statements,know that simplification ought to save money. When the health insurance industry was still cooperating in reform efforts, its trade group offered to provide standardized forms for automated processing. It estimated that step would save hundreds of billions of dollars over the next decade. The bills would lock that pledge into law.[H]The stimulus package provided money to convert the inefficient, paper-driven medical system to electronic records that can be easily viewed and transmitted .This requires open investments to help doctors convert. In time it should help restrain costs by eliminating redundant test, preventing drug inter actions, and helping doctors find the best treatments.[I]Virtually all experts agree that the fee-for-service system—doctors are rewarded for that the cost of care is so high. Most agree that the solution is to push doctors to accept fixed payments to care for a particular illness or for a patient's needs over a year. No one knows how to make that happen quickly. The bills in both houses would start pilot projects within Medicare. They include such measures as accountable care organizations to take charge of a patient's needs with an eye on both cost and quality, and chronic disease management to make sure the seriously ill, who are responsible for the bulk of all health care costs, are treated properly. For the most part, these experiments rely on incentive payments to get doctors to try them.[J]Testing innovations do no good unless the good experiments are identified and expanded and the bad ones arc dropped. The Senate bill would create an independent commission to monitor the pilot programs and recommend changes in Medicare's payment policies to urge providers to adopt reforms that work. The changes would have to be approved or rejectedas a whole by Congress, making it hard for narrow-interest lobbies to bend lawmakers to their will.[K]The bills in both chambers would create health insurance exchanges on which small businesses and individuals could choose from an array of private plans and possibly a public option. All the plans would have to provide standard benefit packages that would be easy to compare. To get access to millions of new customers, insures would have a strong incentive to sell on the exchange. And the head-to-head competition might give them a strong incentive to lower their prices, perhaps by accepting slimmer profit margins or demanding better deals from providers.[L]The final legislation might throw a public plan into the competition, but thanks to the fierce opposition of the insurance industry and Republican critics, it might not save much money. The one in the House bill would have to negotiate rates with providers, rather than using Medicare rates, as many reformers wanted.[M]The president's stimulus package is pumping money into research to compare how well various treatments work. Is surgery, radiation or careful monitoring best for prostate(前列腺)cancer? Is the latest and most expensive cholesterol-lowering drug any better than its common competitors? The pending bills would spend additional money to accelerate this effort.[N]Critics have charged that this sensible idea would lead to rationing of care. (That would be true only if you believe that patients should have an unrestrained right to treatments proven to be inferior.) As a result, the bills do not requires, as they should, that the results of these studies be used to set payment rates in Medicare.[O]Congress needs to find the courage to allow Medicare to paypreferentially for treatments proven to be superior. Sometimes the best treatment might be the most expensive. But overall, we suspect that spending would come down through elimination of a lot of unnecessary or even dangerous tests and treatments.[P]The House bill would authorize the secretary of health and human services to negotiate drug prices in Medicare and Medicaid. Some authoritative analysts doubt that the secretary would get better deals than private insurers already get. We believe negotiation could work. It does in other countries.[Q] Missing from these bills is any serious attempt to rein in malpractice costs. Malpractice awards do drive up insurance premiums for doctors in high-risk specialties, and there is some evidence doctors engage in "defensive medicine" by performing tests and treatments primarily to prove they are not negligent should they get sued.a tax imposed on expensive health insurance plans, most employers will likely transfer money from health expenses into wages.in policy would be approved or rejected as a whole so that lobbyists would find it hard to influence lawmakers.'is not easy to curb the rising medical costs in America.of forms for automatic processing will save a lot of medicaland insurance industry are strongly opposed to the creation of a public insurance plan.of paper to electronic medical records will help eliminate redundant tests and prevent drug interactions.high cost of medical services and unnecessary tests and treatments havedriven up medical expenses.main factor that has driven up medical expenses is that doctors are compensated for the amount of care rather than its effect.to analysts' doubts, the author believes drug prices may be lowered through negotiation.competition might create a strong incentive for insurers to charge less.Section CPassage OneQuestions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.Facing water shortages and escalating fertilizer costs, farmers in developing countries are using raw sewage(下水道污水)to irrigate and fertilize nearly 49 million acres of cropland, according to a new report-and it may not be a bed thing.While the practice carries serious health risks for many, those dangers are outweighed by the social and economic gains for poor urban farmers and consumers who need affordable food."There is a large potential for wastewater agriculture to both help and hurt great numbers of urban consumers," said Liqa Raschid-Sally, who led the study.The report focused on poor urban areas, where farms in or near cities supply relatively inexpensive food. Most of these operations draw irrigation water from local rivers or lakes. Unlike developed cities, however, these areas lack advanced water-treatment facilities, and rivers effectively become sewers.(下水道)When this water is used for agricultural irrigation, farmers riskabsorbing disease-causing XX, as do consumers who eat the produce raw and unwashed. Nearly million people die a year because of diarrhea-related(与腹泻相关的)diseases, according to WHO statistics. XXX than 80% of those cases can be attributed to contant with contaminated water and a lack of XXX anitation. But Pay Drechsel, an environmental scientist, argues that the social and economic benefits of using untreated human waste to grow food outweigh the health risks.Those dangers can be addressed with farmer and consumer education, he said, while the free water and nutrients from human waste can help urban farmers in developing countries to escape poverty.Agriculture is a water-intensive business, accounting for nearly 70% of global fresh water consumption.In poor, dry regions, untreated wastewater is the only viable irrigation source to keep farmers in business. In some cases, water is so scarce that farmers break open sewage pipes transporting waste to local rivers. Irrigation is the primary agricultural use of human waste in the developing world. But frequently untreated human waste is used on grain crops, which are eventually cooked, minimizing the risk of transmitting water-borne diseases. With fertilizer prices jumping nearly 50% per metric ton over the last year in some places, human waste is an attractive, and often necessary, alternative.In cases where sewage mud is used, expensive chemical fertilizer us can be avoided. The mud contains the same critical nutrients."Overly strict standards often fail," James Bartram, a WHO water-health expert, said. "We need to accept that fact across much of the planet, so waste with little or no treatment will be used in agriculture for good reason."does the author say about the use of raw sewage for farming?risks cannot be overestimated.should be forbidden altogether.benefits outweigh the hazards involved.is polluting millions of acres of cropland.is the main problem caused by the use of wastewater for irrigation? and lakes nearby will gradually become contaminated.will drive producers of chemical fertilizers out of business.and consumers may be affected by harmful bacteria.will make the farm produce less competitive on the market.is environmental scientist Pay Drechsel's attitude towards the use of untreated human waste in agriculture?....does Pay Dreschsel think of the risks involved in using untreated human waste for farming?have been somewhat exaggerated.can be dealt with through education.will be minimized with new technology.can be addressed by improved sanitation.do we learn about James Bartram's position on the use of human waste for farming?echoes Pay Drechsel's opinion on the issue.chaltenges Liqa Raschid-Sally's conclusionthinks it the only way out of the current food erisis.deems it indispensable for combating global poverty.Passage TwoThese days, nobody needs to cook. Families graze on high-cholesterol take-aways and microwaved ready-meals. Cooking is an occasional hobby and a vehicle for celebrity chefs. Which makes it odd that the kitchen has become the heart of the modern house, what the great hall was to the medieval castle, the kitchen is to the 21st-century home.The money spent on kitchens has risen with their status. In America the kitchen market is now worth $170 billion, five times the country's film industry. In the year to August 2007, IKEA, a Swedish furniture chain, sold over one million kitchens worldwide. The average budget for a "major" kitchen overhaul in 2006, calculates Remodeling magazing, was a staggering $54,000, even a "minor" improvement cost on average $18,000. Exclusivity, more familiar in the world of high fashion, has reached the kitchen: Robinson&Cornish, a British manufacturer of custom-made kitchens, offers a Georgian-style one which would cost £145,000-155,000—excluding building, plumbing and electrical work. Its big selling point is that nobody else will have it :"You won't see this kitchen anywhere else in the word."The elevation of the room that once belonged only to the servants for the modem family tells the story of a century of social change. Right into the early 20th century, kitchens were smoky, noisy places, generally located underground, or to the back of the house, as far from living spaceas possible. That was as it should be: kitchens were for servants, and the aspiring middle classes wanted nothing to do with them.But as the working classes prospered and the servant shortage set in, housekeeping became a natter of interest to the educated classes. One of the pioneers of a radical new way of thinking about the kitchen was Catharine Esther Beecher, sister of Harriet Beecher Stowe. In American human's Home、published in 1869, the Beecher sisters recommended a scientific approach to use hold management, designed to enhance the efficiency of a woman's work and promote order. Many contemporary ideas about kitchen design can be traced back to another American, Chris Frederick, who set about enhancing the efficiency of the housewife. Her 1919 work, House-Engineering: Scientific Management in the Home, was based on detailed observation of a wife's daily routine. She borrowed the Principle of efficiency on the factory floor and applied mestic tasks on the kitchen floor.Frederick's central idea, that "stove,sink and kitchen table must be placed in such a relation that useless steps are avoided entirely". Inspired the first fully fitted kitchen, designed in the 1920s by Mangarete Schutter. Libotsky. It was a modernist triumph, and many elements remain central features of today's kitchen.does the author say about the kitchen of today?is where housewives display their cooking skills.is where the family entertains important guests.has become something odd in a modern house.is regarded as the center of a modern home.does the Georgian-style kitchen sell at a very high price?is believed to have tremendous artistic value.duplicate is to be found in any other place.is manufactured by a famous British company.other manufacturer can produce anything like it.does the change in the status of the kitchen reflect?living conditions.progress.'s elevated status.change.was the Beecher sisters' idea of a kichen?place where women could work more efficiently.place where high technology could be applied.place of interest to the educated people.place to experiment with new ideas.do we learn about today's kitchen?A. It represents the rapid technological advance in people's daily life. of its central features are no different from those of the 1920s.has been transformed beyond recognition.of its functions have changed greatly.Part IV Translation (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.深圳是中国广东省一座新开发的城市。

2016年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案和解析（第1套）

2016年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案和解析（第1套）2016年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案和解析(第1套) Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a short essay on the use of robots.Try to imagine what will happen when more and more robots take the place of human beings in industry as well as people's daily lives.You are required to write at least150words but no more than200words. Section A Directions:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer.from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Questions1to4are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.A)Project organizer.B)Public relations officer.C)Marketing manager.D)Market research consultant.2.A)Quantitative advertising research.B)Questionnaire design.C)Research methodology.D)Interviewer training.3.A)They are intensive studies of people's spending habits.B)They examine relations between producers and customers.C)They look for new and effective ways to promote products.D)They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.4.A)The lack of promotion opportunity.B)Checking charts and tables.C)Designing questionnaires.D)The persistent intensity.Questions5to8are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)His view on Canadian universities.B)His understanding of higher education.C)His suggestions for improvements in higher education.D)His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities.6.A)It is well designed.B)It is rather inflexible.C)It varies among universities.D)It has undergone great changes.7.A)The United States and Canada can learn from each other.B)Public universities are often superior to private universities.C)Everyone should be given equal access to higher education.D)Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions.8.A)University systems vary from country to country.B)Efficiency is essential to university management.C)It is hard to say which is better,a public university or a private one.D)Many private university in the U.S.are actually large bureaucracies. Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions9to11are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A)Government's role in resolving an economic crisis.B)The worsening real wage situation around the world.C)Indications of economic recovery in the United States.D)The impact of the current economic crisis on peopled life.10.A)They will feel less pressure to raise employees'wages.B)They will feel free to choose the most suitable employees.C)They will feel inclined to expand their business operations.D)They will feel more confident in competing with their rivals.11.A)Employees and companies cooperate to pull through the economic crisis.B)Government and companies join hands to create jobs for the unemployed.C)Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.D)Team work will be encouraged in companies.Passage TwoQuestions12to15are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A)Whether memory supplements work.B)Whether herbal medicine works wonders.C)Whether exercise enhances one's memory.D)Whether a magic memory promises success.13.A)They help the elderly more than the young.B)They are beneficial in one way or another.C)They generally do not have side effects.D)They are not based on real science.14.A)They are available at most country fairs.B)They are taken in relatively high dosage.C)They are collected or grown by farmers.D)They are prescribed by trained practitioners.15.A)They have often proved to be as helpful as doing mental exercise.B)Taking them with other medications might entail unnecessary risks.C)Their effect lasts only a short time.D)Many have benefited from them.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions.The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Recording OneQuestions16to18are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)How catastrophic natural disasters turn out to be to developing nations.B)How the World Meteorological Organization studies natural disasters.C)How powerless humans appear to be in face of natural disasters.D)How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.17.A)By training rescue teams for emergencies.B)By taking steps to prepare people for them.C)By changing people's views of nature.D)By relocating people to safer places.18.A)How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.B)How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters.C)How Cubans suffer from tropical storms.D)How destructive tropical storms can be.Recording TwoQuestions19to22are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A)Pay back their loans to the American government.B)Provide loans to those in severe financial difficulty.C)Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery.D)Speed up their recovery from the housing bubble.20.A)Some banks may have to merge with others.B)Many smaller regional banks are going to fail.C)It will be hard for banks to provide more loans.D)Many banks will have to lay off some employees.21.A)It will work closely with the government.B)It will endeavor to write off bad loans.C)It will try to lower the interest rate.D)It will try to provide more loans.22.A)It won't help the American economy to turn around.B)It won't do any good to the major commercial banks.C)It will win the approval of the Obama administration.D)It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again.Recording ThreeQuestions23to25are based on the recording you have just heard.23.A)Being unable to learn new things.B)Being rather slow to make changes.C)Losing temper more and more often.D)Losing the ability to get on with others.24.A)Cognitive stimulation.B)Community activity.C)Balanced diet.D)Fresh air.25.A)Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging.B)Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life.C)Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles.D)Seeking advice from doctors from time to time.Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are requir ed to select oneword for each blank from a list of choices given in a word ban k following the passage.Read thepassage through carefully before making yo ur choices.Each choice in the bank is identified bya letter.Please mark the c orresponding letter for each item on,Answer Street2with a singleline throug h the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions26to35are based on the following passage.Let's say you love roller-skating.Just the thought of__26__on your roller-sk ates brings asmile to your face.You also know that roller-skating is excellent exercise.You have a__27__attitude toward it.This description of roller-skating__28__the three components of an attitud e:affect,cognition,and behavior.You love the activity;it's great fun.These f eelings__29__the affectiveor emotional component;they are an importan t ingredient in attitudes.The knowledge wehave about the object constitutes the cognitive component of an attitude.You understand thehealth__30_ _that the activity can bring.Finally,attitudes have a behavioral component. Our attitudes__31__us to go outside to enjoy roller-skating.Now,we don't want to leave you with the__32__that these three component s always worktogether__33__.They don't;sometimes they clash.For exam ple,let's say you love pizza(affective component);however,you have high c holesterol and understand(knowledge component)that eating pizza may b e bad for your health.Which behavior will your attituderesult in,eating pizza or__34__it?The answer depends on which component happens to bestron ger.If you are walking past a pizza restaurant at lunchtime,your emotions an d feelingsprobably will be stronger than your knowledge that pizza may not b。

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