地热能发电与地源热泵简要介绍
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The origin of geothermal power generation
Ginori Conti
• Boric acid business at Larderello • Generate electricity and save the cost
17
The Evolution of Geothermal Power Plant
The origin of geothermal power generation
Concern about the geosteam Acidic gases Dissolved solids Ferdinando Raynaut Geosteam flow through the tubes inside the boiler Attack the boiler tubes Geosteam mix with clean steam → Can not use directly
Main type Single-binary-cycle plants Double-binary-cycle plants
Lu T, Gao X W, Wang X D, et al. The geothermal power and main technical problems[C]// International Conference on Sustainable Power Generation and Supply, 2009. Supergen. IEEE, 2009:1-4.
J. Zhu et al. / Energy 93 (2015) 466e483
10
Government Support
Financial support from the Chinese government since 2006. NEA and MOLR :
Shallow depth geothermal energy→heating and cooling Deep geothermal energy→geothermal power generation medium temperature geothermal power generation and HDR power generation
J. Zhu et al. / Energy 93 (2015) 466e483
7
Geothermal Utilization In China
Direct utilization
• Geothermal source heat pump
The first GSHP project was the application for New Henderson Building in Beijing in 1995,There is a rapid development of GSHP application in the 21st century.
J. Zhu et al. / Energy 93 (2015) 466e483
4
Geothermal Resources In China
The distribution map of geothermal resources in China
J. Zhu et al. / Energy 93 (2015) 466e483
Dry steam plants
Flash-steam plants
Binary-cycle plants
Yari M. Exergetic analysis of various types of geothermal power plants[J]. Renewable Energy, 2010, 35(1):112-121.
GSHP application area in China, 2006-2014
J. Zhu et al. / Energy 93 (2015) 466e483
8
Geothermal Utilization In China
• • • •
Direct utilization Geothermal district heating Hot spring bath and medical care Greenhouse and aquaculture Industrial utilization and crop drying
9
Geothermal Utilization In China
Hot dry rock resources
At present, the exploitation of HDR resources in China is in its infancy
Geothermal gradient in China (°C/km).
15
The Classification of Geothermal Power Plant
Flash-steam plants
Geothermal fluid, flash vaporizer
Main type Single-flash plants Double-flash plants Full-flow method
15
3
• Hot dry rock resources Total: 7.00 10 kwh / yr
18
↔
856 10 million tons of standard coal
6
J. Zhu et al. / Energy 93 (2015) 466e483
6
Geothermal Utilization In China
5
Geothermal Resources In China
Assessment of geothermal resources
• Shallow geothermal resources Total : 77.110 kwh / yr ↔ 9.486 10 million tons of standard coal Recovery: 2.89 10 kwh / yr ↔ 356 million tons of standard coal
地热能发电与地源热泵技术
1
Catalogue
2
Background Introduction
J. Zhu et al. / Energy 93 (2015) 466e483
3
Background Introduction
It is critical for China to utilize geothermal energy for sustainable development, as China is the largest country in energy consumption and the second largest economy in t he world!
→ Problems in the engine
Not successful
Dipippo R. Geothermal power plants: Evolution and performance assessments[J]. Geothermics, 2015, 53:291-307.
18
百度文库
The Evolution of Geothermal Power Plant
Lu T, Gao X W, Wang X D, et al. The geothermal power and main technical problems[C]// International Conference on Sustainable Power Generation and Supply, 2009. Supergen. IEEE, 2009:1-4.
16
The Classification of Geothermal Power Plant
Binary-cycle plants
• Low boiling point substance, Chloroethane(氯乙烷) n-Butane(正丁烷) • Steam of working medium
At present, more and more studies focus on seasonal energy storage, integration of u sing hybrid systems and saving energy in buildings, system control strategy, and heat p umps using CO₂ as a working fluid!
12
3
12
•
Sedimentary basins resources Total: 6.93 10 kwh / yr ↔ 853 10 million tons of standard coal Sichuan Basin : 31.2% North China Plain : 21.7% Weihe River-Yuncheng Basin : 14.6%
14
The Classification of Geothermal Power Plant
Dry steam plants
Dry steam, cleaning steam（Acidic gases，Diss olved solids） Main type Back pressure turbine power generation（背压 式） Condensing steam turbine power generation（凝 汽式）
Lu T, Gao X W, Wang X D, et al. The geothermal power and main technical problems[C]// International Conference on Sustainable Power Generation and Supply, 2009. Supergen. IEEE, 2009:1-4.
Geothermal power generation
• 1970 : The first geothermal power generation station was established. • 1971 : The first geothermal binary power station was constructed. • The late 1970s : Several industrial geothermal power plants using high temperature resources were built in Tibet. • 1977-1991 : 9 test units station with capacity of MWe was installed. • 2014 : the total installed capacity of geothermal power stations is 35.38 MWe including stations in Taiwan. All the work done before, especially on medium-low temperature geothermal power technology will certainly provide technical support for China's geothermal power gener ation in the future!
J. Zhu et al. / Energy 93 (2015) 466e483
11
地热发电技术
12
地热发电的分类及发展过程 The Classification and Evolution of Geothermal Power Plant
13
The Classification of Geothermal Power Plant
Ginori Conti
• Boric acid business at Larderello • Generate electricity and save the cost
17
The Evolution of Geothermal Power Plant
The origin of geothermal power generation
Concern about the geosteam Acidic gases Dissolved solids Ferdinando Raynaut Geosteam flow through the tubes inside the boiler Attack the boiler tubes Geosteam mix with clean steam → Can not use directly
Main type Single-binary-cycle plants Double-binary-cycle plants
Lu T, Gao X W, Wang X D, et al. The geothermal power and main technical problems[C]// International Conference on Sustainable Power Generation and Supply, 2009. Supergen. IEEE, 2009:1-4.
J. Zhu et al. / Energy 93 (2015) 466e483
10
Government Support
Financial support from the Chinese government since 2006. NEA and MOLR :
Shallow depth geothermal energy→heating and cooling Deep geothermal energy→geothermal power generation medium temperature geothermal power generation and HDR power generation
J. Zhu et al. / Energy 93 (2015) 466e483
7
Geothermal Utilization In China
Direct utilization
• Geothermal source heat pump
The first GSHP project was the application for New Henderson Building in Beijing in 1995,There is a rapid development of GSHP application in the 21st century.
J. Zhu et al. / Energy 93 (2015) 466e483
4
Geothermal Resources In China
The distribution map of geothermal resources in China
J. Zhu et al. / Energy 93 (2015) 466e483
Dry steam plants
Flash-steam plants
Binary-cycle plants
Yari M. Exergetic analysis of various types of geothermal power plants[J]. Renewable Energy, 2010, 35(1):112-121.
GSHP application area in China, 2006-2014
J. Zhu et al. / Energy 93 (2015) 466e483
8
Geothermal Utilization In China
• • • •
Direct utilization Geothermal district heating Hot spring bath and medical care Greenhouse and aquaculture Industrial utilization and crop drying
9
Geothermal Utilization In China
Hot dry rock resources
At present, the exploitation of HDR resources in China is in its infancy
Geothermal gradient in China (°C/km).
15
The Classification of Geothermal Power Plant
Flash-steam plants
Geothermal fluid, flash vaporizer
Main type Single-flash plants Double-flash plants Full-flow method
15
3
• Hot dry rock resources Total: 7.00 10 kwh / yr
18
↔
856 10 million tons of standard coal
6
J. Zhu et al. / Energy 93 (2015) 466e483
6
Geothermal Utilization In China
5
Geothermal Resources In China
Assessment of geothermal resources
• Shallow geothermal resources Total : 77.110 kwh / yr ↔ 9.486 10 million tons of standard coal Recovery: 2.89 10 kwh / yr ↔ 356 million tons of standard coal
地热能发电与地源热泵技术
1
Catalogue
2
Background Introduction
J. Zhu et al. / Energy 93 (2015) 466e483
3
Background Introduction
It is critical for China to utilize geothermal energy for sustainable development, as China is the largest country in energy consumption and the second largest economy in t he world!
→ Problems in the engine
Not successful
Dipippo R. Geothermal power plants: Evolution and performance assessments[J]. Geothermics, 2015, 53:291-307.
18
百度文库
The Evolution of Geothermal Power Plant
Lu T, Gao X W, Wang X D, et al. The geothermal power and main technical problems[C]// International Conference on Sustainable Power Generation and Supply, 2009. Supergen. IEEE, 2009:1-4.
16
The Classification of Geothermal Power Plant
Binary-cycle plants
• Low boiling point substance, Chloroethane(氯乙烷) n-Butane(正丁烷) • Steam of working medium
At present, more and more studies focus on seasonal energy storage, integration of u sing hybrid systems and saving energy in buildings, system control strategy, and heat p umps using CO₂ as a working fluid!
12
3
12
•
Sedimentary basins resources Total: 6.93 10 kwh / yr ↔ 853 10 million tons of standard coal Sichuan Basin : 31.2% North China Plain : 21.7% Weihe River-Yuncheng Basin : 14.6%
14
The Classification of Geothermal Power Plant
Dry steam plants
Dry steam, cleaning steam（Acidic gases，Diss olved solids） Main type Back pressure turbine power generation（背压 式） Condensing steam turbine power generation（凝 汽式）
Lu T, Gao X W, Wang X D, et al. The geothermal power and main technical problems[C]// International Conference on Sustainable Power Generation and Supply, 2009. Supergen. IEEE, 2009:1-4.
Geothermal power generation
• 1970 : The first geothermal power generation station was established. • 1971 : The first geothermal binary power station was constructed. • The late 1970s : Several industrial geothermal power plants using high temperature resources were built in Tibet. • 1977-1991 : 9 test units station with capacity of MWe was installed. • 2014 : the total installed capacity of geothermal power stations is 35.38 MWe including stations in Taiwan. All the work done before, especially on medium-low temperature geothermal power technology will certainly provide technical support for China's geothermal power gener ation in the future!
J. Zhu et al. / Energy 93 (2015) 466e483
11
地热发电技术
12
地热发电的分类及发展过程 The Classification and Evolution of Geothermal Power Plant
13
The Classification of Geothermal Power Plant