高考英语复习 第9讲：定语从句
定语从句 第9讲 -定语从句---2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考)(讲)(学生版)
2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）第九讲—定语从句【复习概览】一、命题要求定语从句考点是英语高考必考点之一。
在高考中主要考查点有：定语从句关系词、定语从句的先行词、定语从句中的主谓一致、定语从句中的时态等。
二、命题形式本考点在高考中的命题形式主要有：1.语法填空；2.阅读理解中的复杂句子；2.书面表达。
从句在语法填空中是必考点。
2022年从句考点还将是高考中的重点和难点所在。
在这个考点上一定多下工夫，不管花费多大的精力，让学生掌握这个考点都不为过，因为，打开2022年的高考试卷，必然会有非谓语动词。
【基础巩固】知识点：定语从句必备基础知识：在主从复合句中，修饰或限制某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
A. 先行词+ 连词（关系代词）+ 陈述句who 【先行词为人。
主语、宾语。
】whom 【先行词为人。
宾语。
】that【先行词为物/人。
主语、宾语。
】which 【先行词为物。
主语、宾语。
】B. 地方+ where(状语) + 陈述句【where = at/on/in which】时间+ when(状语) + 陈述句【when = at/on/in which】C. 先行词（物/人）+ whose + 名词…whose: 某人的/某物的D. 先行词(人) + 介词+ whom + 陈述句先行词(物) + 介词+ which + 陈述句重难点知识：考点1关系代词引导的定语从句【典例】1. [2021·浙江1月]They’re the only thing _______ looks like human language in that respect.2.[2021·八省1月联考]I'm grateful that the assistant responded in a way _______ made me rethink the power of my words.3.[2021·八省1月联考]That day, along with the barber there was an assistant, _______ had recently joined the shop.【方法指导】1．who和whom指人，who在定语从句中作主语；whom在定语从句中作宾语，在限制性定语从句中可省略。
定语从句 第9讲 -定语从句---2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考)(练)(学生版)
第9讲–定语从句(练)时间：50分钟满分：50分姓名________________ 得数___________________Ⅰ.单句语法填空（每个1分，共15分）1.[2021·浙江1月]Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication ______ they deliberately sent a message to another group member.2.[2020·海南卷]The humidity（湿气）of large rainforests contributes to the formation of rainclouds _______ may travel to other countries in need of rain.3.[2019·上海卷]Interestingly, it is on the same beach ______ they were born that the females lay their eggs. 4．[ 2021·吉林省长春市普通高中高三质量检测]His most popular video, _______ shows him making a fantastic wooden arch bridge, rose to fame on the platform, gaining more than 42 million views.5. [2021·云贵川桂四省高三上学期联考]People first noticed coral bleaching events in the 1980s.The problem worsened in 2016, when an El Nino weather pattern, _______causes warmer waters in the Pacific Ocean, mixed with an already unseasonably warm ocean and killed off a third of the corals on the Great Barrier Reef.6. [2021·云南师范大学附属中学高考适应性月考（三）]Yu the Great was an admired ruler in ancient China, ______ was famous for controlling floods, his governance of the Xia Dynasty, and his moral character.7. [2021·四川省南充高中高三第二次月考]In the past four years, local education departments have trained about 40,000 football teachers, 8,000 of _______ have obtained coaching certificates.7．【2021届江苏省南京市高三学情调研】"He then handed Todd a large bag, inside 43．were clean shirts and shorts, plus a brand-new pair of New Balance sneakers. Todd was blown away."I was very happy." he toldWATN-TV."Shocked, completely."8．【2021届江苏省第一次百校联考】Instead, as The Conversation notes, they hang out in the relative safety of trees,41．also happen to double as their storerooms.9．【2021届江苏省扬州市高三上学期期初调研】In June, China's last satellite of its Bei Dou Navigation Satellite System(BDS)was launched into orbit, marking the completion of the whole system. In ancient China, people used the Big Dipper,36．is known in Chinese as "beidou qixing," to navigate.10．【江苏省无锡市第一中学2020—2021学年高三上学期开学考试】A split could also stunt(扼杀) the future development of the app,49．popularity has been fuelled by ByteDance’s algorithms, honed(进化) in developing Douyin and Toutiao.11．【2021届江苏省泰州中学高三上学期第一次月度检测】Thirdly, we must be able to read the language, and fourthly, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences14．are grammatically correct.12．【江苏省盐城中学2020-2021学年高三上学期九月质量检测】For a business, there are all sorts ofplaces50．colour comes into play. You might immediately think of branding elements such as the logo and business cards.13．【江苏省南通市通州区2021届高三上学期第一次诊断测试】There are many idioms in English, quite a few of 56．come from the Bible.14．【江苏省苏州市2020-2021学年高三学业质量阳光指标调研】The system will be used in a hospital in Lanzhou, capital of Gansu, 37．is mainly devoted to treating cancer patients with the technology of heavy-ion accelerators.15．【江苏省泰州市2021届高三上学期期中】The British doctor Benjamin Hobson, 38．came to China and published his book Treatise on Physiology in 1851, systematically planted the seed of western clinical medicine into the soil of the Chinese intellectual community, and posed a serious challenge to TCM.Ⅱ.单项选择（每个1分，共25分）1．（2021·江苏高三）Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, ________ you can hear some lovely music.A．whom B．whose C．as D．where2．（2021·北京师范大学天津附属中学高三三模）Zhurong is the god of fire in ancient Chinese mythology,________echoes with the Chinese name of the red planet, Huoxing.A．which B．that C．when D．where3．（2021·天津市宁河区芦台第一中学高三其他模拟）There are a great number of attractions in Tianjin, ______ I like the Ancient Cultural Street best.A．which B．where C．among them D．among which4．（2021·天津耀华滨海学校高三三模）Communication technology has entered the 5G era,________will surely bring great changes to our life.A．when B．what C．which D．where5．（2021·天津耀华中学高三二模）After a 57-day hiking, the explorers finally reached a place, ________ they believed was the South Pole.A．which B．where C．that D．as6．（2021·天津南开区·高三二模）She lived in two rooms over a teashop, ________ was convenient, since she could send for cakes if she had visitors.A．where B．in which C．which D．that7．（2021·天津河北区·高三二模）Students should involve themselves in community activities ______ they can gain experience for growth.A．when B．where C．which D．why8．（2021·天津红桥区·高三二模）The audience, ______ were students, enjoyed the performance.A．most of them B．most of what C．most of which D．most of whom9．（2021·天津河东区·高三二模）I think you've got to the point________ a change is needed, otherwise you'll fail. A．when B．where C．that D．which10．（2021·天津高三二模）Senior family members, especially parents, should create an atmosphere ________ children can be encouraged to pour out their heart happily.A．that B．where C．what D．which11．（2021·天津和平区·高三二模）Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, ________ is considered one of the highest international honours a person can receive.A．that B．what C．which D．where12．（2021·天津河东区·高三一模）The graduates live in this society now, _______the government should encourage them to set up their own business.A．when B．where C．that D．what13．（2021·天津河北区·高三一模）There are hundreds of scenes in English novels ________ characters walk through a landscape of fallen leaves, which mirrors their feelings.A．that B．where C．which D．when14．（2021·天津南开区·高三一模）I forgot the website _______ I intended to add to my favorite. It can help me learn how to write English composition.A．which B．where C．when D．on which15．（2021·天津高三一模）He often goes to school by bike, ________ helps him keep fit.A．where B．which C．when D．that16．（2021·天津南开中学高三月考）The V oice of China set up a big stage ________ those people with a talent for music could stand out and realize their dreams.A．when B．where C．what D．which17．（2021·天津市滨海新区塘沽第一中学）Here are four experiments we have to finish before June 6th, ________ two should be done in the wild.A．of which B．whose C．in which D．that18．（2021·天津）At last we found a path leading to the top of the mountain,________ we saw a beautiful sunrise. A．in where B．in which C．which D．from where19．（2021·天津南开中学高三月考）I place those photos taken with my friends ________ I can see them every day so that it could remind me of those beautiful days.A．what B．that C．when D．where20．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市第六中学校高二开学考试）He has been busy with his work the whole day, _____ has made his girlfriend unhappy.A．which B．it C．that D．what21．（2021·天津高考真题）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.A．where B．which C．that D．when22．（2021·天津高考真题）William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them.A．from which B．in which C．with whom D．for whom23．（2021·天津一中高三月考）He may have missed the train, ________ he won’t arrive in another hour.A．in which case B．in that caseC．under which condition D．on that occasion24．（2021·天津市武清区杨村第一中学高三一模）Children, in my opinion,____creative ability is unbelievably rich, should be trained in that area.A．which B．what C．who D．whose25.（2021·天津河西区·高三一模）There are nearly one hundred foreign students in our university, mostof________ are from America and Australia.A．which B．them C．whom D．thoseIII．【过关练】高考真题（每个1分，共10分）1.【2020·全国新课标III】In ancient China lived an artist，61 paintings were almost lifelike.2.【2020·全国新课标I】Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63．it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.3.【2020·全国新高考I山东卷】The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum 39．opened in 1759.4.【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，___62___ she opened with her late husband Les.5.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals.6.【2019·浙江卷·语法填空】On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark.7.【2019·北京卷·语法填空】The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.8.【2018·全国I】Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014___66___showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.9.【2018·全国II】The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ___69___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.10.【2018·浙江卷】Many westerners ___57___ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.。
第9讲定语从句
＝Last term our maths teacher set so difficult an examination problem that none of us worked it out.(结果状语从句)
新课标高考总复习·英语
创新方案系列丛书
3．which 引导定语从句代指前面整句话内容 则只能位于句末。
(2013·安徽高考单选)Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, which made one of the Chinese people's long-held dreams come true.
(2014·浙江高考单选)I didn't become a serious climber until the fifth grade, when I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.
直到五年级我才成为一个热衷攀爬的人，在那时我登高 去拿下一个卡在树枝上的风筝。
新课标高考总复习·英语
创新方案系列丛书
⑤which 用作定语时。 He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him. 他也许会迟到，那样的话，我们应 该等他。
新课标高考总复习·英语
创新方案系列丛书
二、关系副词引导的定语从句 1．关系副词 when, where, why 的先 行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为 reason)的名词，在从句中作状语。有时 可用“介词＋which”结构替换。
高考英语技巧——依据句子成分和结构突破定语从句
Each graduate standing on the playground, who was accompanied by a parent, would be awarded a diploma by the headmaster.
每个毕业生都由父亲或母亲陪伴着站在操场上，等待校 长给他们颁发毕业文凭。
二、关系副词
关系副词 when where why
先行词 表示时间 表示地点 表示原因
句法功能 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语(只引导限制性定语从句)
It has set up a big stage for young people with a talent for music, where some have stood out among them.
[名师指津] 当先行词为situation, case, stage, point等表 示抽象意义的词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，用关系 副词where。
They have reached the point wher.
My daughter, whose job requires her to do a lot of travelling, is always away from home.
我的女儿总不在家，她的工作需要经常出差。
1．关系代词that与which的用法 (1)限制性定语从句中只用that不用which的情况： ①先行词是不定代词或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时， 关系代词只用that。 Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself? 你有什么要为自己说的吗？ ②先行词被序数词，形容词最高级，the only, the very, the last等修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。 This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。
定语从句讲解(完整版)
定语从句讲解(完整版)定语从句是一种常见的语法结构，用于对名词或代词进行修饰和限定。
在英语中，定语从句的使用可以使句子更加丰富和准确。
下面，我将为您详细讲解定语从句的构成、用法和注意事项。
一、定语从句的构成定语从句由引导词、关系词和从句组成。
引导词通常是先行词，即被修饰的名词或代词；关系词用于引导定语从句，并将先行词与从句连接起来；从句则是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
1. 引导词：先行词通常是名词或代词，它可以是主语、宾语或表语。
例如：The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）2. 关系词：关系词用于引导定语从句，并将先行词与从句连接起来。
关系词有who、which、that、whom、whose等。
例如： The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）3. 从句：从句是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
从句中通常包含主语、谓语和宾语等成分。
例如：那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）二、定语从句的用法1. 限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句对先行词起到限定作用，即只有满足定语从句条件的名词或代词才是先行词的准确含义。
限定性定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后，且不能用逗号与主句隔开。
例如： The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
高考英语语法复习定语从句讲义
定语从句定语从句的核心考点1.功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。
2.位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后。
Those who are for the plan raise your hands，please.3.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词。
先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如：some-，any-，every-和no-与-body，-thing的合成词；或all，none，any，some，that，those等代词。
数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。
4.关系词：连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词。
关系代词：who，whom，which，that，whose，as等关系副词：when，where，why等5.确定关系词的步骤：(1)先找先行词，看先行词指的是什么。
(2)看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
注意：先行词与关系词是等量关系。
(1)先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.(2)关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。
There are many places we can visit (them) in China.6.在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which：(1)当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。
(2)先行词被all，every，no，some，any，little，much，the only，the very，few等修饰时。
(3)先行词为all，much，little，none，few，something，anything等不定代词时。
(4)先行词中既有人又有物时。
He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.(5)先行词在主句中作表语时。
高考英语定语从句讲解+习题-
在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句的作用相当于形容词，用来修饰主句中的某一名词或代词或整个主句，所以，也称作形容词性从句。
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。
提示：关系词在定语从句中有三大作用1. 连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。
I I . 我把我所有的钱都给了她。
（连接先特词和定语从句I ）2. 替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。
a . 住在隔壁的那个人是个名师。
（替代）3. 成分作用——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。
I . 我喜欢传统的中国画。
（在定语从句中作主语）一、关系代词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词主要有, , , , 等。
它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。
A．指人，在定语从句中作主语。
借钱给你的那人叫什么名字？（定语从句修饰先行词）. 谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。
（定语从句修饰先行词）会议主席坐在我右边，他先发言。
（定语从句修饰先行词）B．指人，在定语从句中做宾语。
在口语或非正式文体中，可省略或可用来代替，但在介词后面以与在非限制性定语从句中只能用。
有些人我们是喜欢的，有些人则是我们讨厌的。
（定语从句分别修饰先行词, ）I .和我一起工作的人都很友好。
（定语从句修饰先行词）. , I , .. , I , .昨晚我在里和卡特先生交谈过，他对我们的计划很感兴趣。
（非限制性定语从句中不能用代替）, I , .两个人来到我的办公室，我以前从未见过他们。
（在介词后面不用）C．人、物皆可，做定语，后面要紧跟被修饰的名词，先行词和后面的名词之间往往是从属关系。
有些人，他们的脸你永远难以忘怀。
（定语从句修饰先行词）I .我看见一些树的树叶由于空气污染而发黑。
（定语从句修饰行词）D．1．指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语。
做宾语时常可省略。
高三英语复习：定语从句北师大版知识精讲
高三英语复习：定语从句北师大版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：定语从句二. 教学过程：〔一〕定语从句的意义〔二〕定语从句的引导词：who, whom, which, that, as, when, where, why, whose. 〔三〕定语从句引导词选用原如此：1. 先行词是人是物2. 先行词在从句中的成分或作用She is a girl who is eight years old.Xi’an, which I visited last year, is a very beautiful city.I will never forget the days when we stayed together.〔四〕定语从句的使用1. 先行词是物This is a historical museum which /that I visited last month.This is a historical museum in which / where you can enjoy yourself.I like this book of which the cover / the cover of which / whose cover is green.I didn’t believe the reason which / that you gave me.I didn’t believe the reason why / for which you were late.I will never forget the day which / that I spent by the sea.I will never forget the day when / on which I met you.2. 先行词是人He is a gentleman who / that is loved by his students.He is a gentleman who/ whom/ that his students love very much.Do you know the girl who is in red?Do you know the girl whose coat/ of whom the coat/ the coat of whom is red?3. 引导词只能用that 的情况A 先行词是不定代词或有不定代词修饰时You can take any seat that is free.I will help anyone that are in trouble.I have read all the magazine that you lend to me.There is still much that can be important.Tell us all that you know.B 先行词是序数词或有序数词修饰时Changjiang River is the largest river that I have ever seen.This is the first composition that I have written in English.He is the first to hand in his homework.C 先行词是最高级或有最高级修饰时This is the best that has been used to fight against pollution.He asked for the best book that there was on the subject.D 先行词既指人又指物Everyone wants to see the spaceship and the spacemen that flew around the earth.I like the writer and his works that is popular with teenagers nowadays.E 先行词在从句中作表语时My hometown is not the place that it used to be.比拟：He is not what he used to be.F 先行词有the only / the very 修饰时He is the very person that I am looking for.You are not the only student that can do it well.G which / that 引导的特殊疑问句中的定语从句Which of the two cows that you keep produces more milk?Who is the boy student that is reading over there?H 定语从句中又套有定语从句，其中一个已经用了which / who 时He built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.I 先行词有the same 修饰时He is wearing the same coat that I bought for him yesterday.比拟：He is wearing the same coat as I lost yesterday.4. 引导词只能用which 的情况A 非限定性定语从句中All the books are written by him, which have beautiful pictures in them.B 引导词指逗号前整句话的意思时He said the work would be done by July, which I personally doubt.She is always speaking highly of her role, which makes other unhappy.The earth is round, which /as is known to all.C 介词后Do you know the house in which the lady lived?Do you know the man from whom you can learn a lot?5. 引导词只能用as 的情况I have never seen such kind of people as they are.I received as nice a gift as my mother promised.She was wearing the same dress as I lost yesterday.As is reported, talks between the two countries are making progress.Mary was late for school, as is often the case.注意与which 的区别She has married again, which is unexpected.as is expected.6. 先行词是专有名词或独一无二的物质名词时，通常都用非限定性定语从句The sun, which gives us light and heat, is very big.7. 先行词和从句之间有无逗号会引起句子意思的变化He said nothing that made me unhappy.He said nothing, which made me unhappy.8. 容易混淆的句型9. 定语从句的主谓一致问题。
英语高中定语从句讲解
英语高中定语从句讲解英语高中定语从句讲解高中定语从句讲解篇一1. 以what等连接代词引导的主语从句What you need is more practice. 你需要的是更多的练习。
Whoever wants it may have it. 谁要都可以给他。
同类的连接代词还有：What， who， whom， whose， which，whatever， whoever， whichever2. 以that， whether从属连词引导的主语从句It was strange that he had made a mistake. 真奇怪，他竟然错了。
That we need more equipment is quite obvious. 我们需要更多的设备，这是很明显的。
Whether he will join us won't make too much difference.他是否加入我们，没有太大的差别。
3. 主语从句的引导词that时候可以省略当主语从句不太长时，引导词“that”可以省略It's clear (that) he has done his best. 很明显他已经尽力而为了。
It's a wonder (that) he didn't fail. 真奇怪，他没有失败。
4. 以when等连接副词引导的主语从句When they will come hasn't been made public. 他们什么时候来还没有公布。
Where she has gone is not known yet. 她去了哪儿，还不知道。
Why he did it will remain a puzzle for ever. 为什么他做那件事将永远是个谜团。
学好英语的18条黄金法则1．What is language for? Some people seem to think it is for practicing grammar rules and learning lists of words--the longer the wor ds the better. That’s wrong. Language is for theexchange of ideas, for communication.语言到底是用来干什么的呢？一些人认为它是用来操练语法规则和一大堆单词——而且单词越长越好。
2021届高三英语新高考复习PPT第九章定语从句PPT
主语
The work that has been finished is very important.
宾语
The train that he took was late for an hour.
关系
在从句中所充
代替功能
代词
当的成分
例句
which 代替物
主语 宾语
The book which is about London cost 20 yuan. The book which I bought yesterday costs 20 yuan.
主 谓 宾 状 宾补
状(时间状语从句)．
我们发现当他玩游戏的时候他很聪明。
进一层：在宾补very clever中，very是副词作状语；时间状语when he
was playing computer games是一个分句，在分句中，he作该分句的主语，
was playing作分句的谓语，computer games作分句的宾语；在分句谓语
关系在从句中所充代替能代词当的成分
例句
whose
代替人 代替物
定语
The girl whose name is Mary is the top student in our class. The book whose cover is red is about London.
代替人 as
主语
He is such a person as is respected by all of us.
5. The teacher asked the students to close the windows． The teacher主语 asked谓语 the students宾语 to close the windows宾 补． 6. My mother bought me a bike． My mother主语 bought谓语 me宾语 a bike宾补． 7. My deskmate was reading a novel when the teacher came in． My deskmate主语 was reading谓语 a novel宾语 when the teacher came in时间状语．
高考英语复习定语从句专项讲解
定语从句专项讲解提问：定语是什么？ 修饰限定名词或代词的成分被称为定语。
举例: This is a beautiful flower. （形容词作定语，置前）This is a flower in the garden. （介词短语作定语，置后）This is先行词 关系词 定语从句➢ 定义：在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
➢ 结构： 先行词+ 关系词+ 其他➢ 关系词的用法:1. 关系词的分类：1）关系代词： who, whom, which, that, whose2）关系副词： when, where, why (作状语)2. 关系代词在句中充当成分3. 关系代词的详细用法●who, whom的用法1) who在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语可省。
The girl who is in red is Lily. (作___________,不可省）I like the person who you are talking to. (作___________,可用whom/that替换或者省略)You are who you are. (作___________, 不可省)2) whom在句中作宾语，限制性从句可省，非限制性从句中不能省略I happened to meet the professor whom I got to know at a party yesterday.(作________,可省)I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards. （_________后面不可省）●whose的用法whose的先行词既可指人，也可指物。
在定语从句中作定语，whose = the n. +of which/whome.g. This is the scientist whose achievements are well known. (whose指人)= This is the scientist, ____________ the achievements are well known.e.g. I’d like a room whose window faces the sea. （whose指物）= I’d like a room______________ the window faces the sea.that 和which 的用法1) 限制性定语从句中，通常情况下可以互换。
高考英语 定语从句知识点归纳讲解(课件)
试卷讲评课件
▲ as通常以the same … as或such … as的形式引导定语从句，as在定 语从句中作主语、宾语或表语等。 as和which引导非限制性定语从句中都能指代整句内容，which译为“这”， as 译为“正如”。但定语从句位于句首时只能用as。As we all know,…/As is known to all,…(正如大家所知道….)
二、定语从句的关系词用法
试卷讲评课件
(一)关系代词：who、whom、which、that、whose、as
关系代词 who whom whose which that as
先行词 人 人
人/物 物
人/物 人/物
在从句中充当的成分 主语、宾语、表语
宾语 定语 主语、宾语 主语、宾语、表语 主语、宾语、表语
三、非限制性定语从句
试卷讲评课件
非限定性定语从句，从句式上看，有逗号隔开。它既可以修饰先行词， 也可修饰整个句子。它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用，只起补充、 说明的作用。 1.非限制性定语从句通常不能用that 2. 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导，要用for which代替why。例如： I had told them the reason，for which I didn't attend the meeting. 3. 非限制性定语从句置于句首时，不能用which引导。关系代词as引导 非限制性定语从句位置比较灵活，可以放主句前，也可以放主句后。
Tranquil/ˈtræŋkwəl/
试卷讲评课件
Li Shangyin(李商隐) 1.Li Shangyin was a Chinese poet of the late Tang Dynasty and born in Henei. 2.Li Shangyin was a typical late Tang poet. His works are sensuous, dense and allusive. 3.His most famous and cryptic poem is called Jin Se. sensuous/ˈsenʃuəs/ , dense/dens/ and allusive/əˈluːʒən/ .敏感、晦涩、含 沙射影。 Shangguan Wan'er(上官婉儿) 1. Shangguan Wan'er was a talented woman in Tang dynasty.
高考必考语法精讲精练专题九：定语从句-Word版含解析
高考必考语法精讲精练语法专题九：定语从句定语从句是比较重要的语法项目。
《2017年一般高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中将定语从句列为必考项。
全国卷新课标Ⅰ对定语从句的考查一般在语法填空和短文改错中，主要考查定语从句引导词的用法。
2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ第64题（语法填空）考查了定语从句引导词that/which。
2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第65题（语法填空）考查了定语从句的引导词when。
2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ第70题（语法填空）考查了定语从句的引导词which。
基本概念：定语从句:在复合句中修饰名词或代词、充当定语的句子叫定语从句。
因其功能相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句。
先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
关系词:引导定语从句的词，也叫引导词。
分为关系代词（who，whom，that，which，whose ,as）和关系副词(where，when，why)。
关系词要在定语从句中作某个成分，如主语、宾语、状语等。
限制性定语从句：对先行词起修饰限定作用的定语从句。
非限制性定语从句：对先行词或主句起补充说明作用的定语从句，通常引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开。
关系词及其意义：关系代词和关系副词功能有三个：①用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。
②关系代词和关系副词可作定语从句的一个成分。
关系代词可作主语、宾语、定语；关系副词可作状语。
③关系代词和关系副词在从句中代替在他前面的先行词。
一、关系代词引导的定语从句1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
①The boys who are playing football are from Class One.②Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.③ That is the teacher who teaches us physics.2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
高中英语语法系统讲解之九定语从句
定语从句定语从句在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”。
引导定语从句并作定语从句中的一个成分的词叫做“关系词”。
常见的关系词有关系代词（who，whom，whose，that，which等）和关系副词（when，where，why等）。
关系词有两个作用：1、放在先行词与定语从句中间起连接作用，引导定语从句；2、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。
关系代词引导的定语从句2、关系代词特殊用法一览表情况用法说明例句只用that的情况1、先行词为all，everything，anything，nothing，little，much等不定代词时；2、先行词被all，any，every，each，much，little，no，some，few等修饰时；3、先行词有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时4、先行词既指人又指物时；5、先行词被the only，the very修饰时；6、先行词位于以who或which引导的特殊疑问句式的主句中时；7、关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。
1. He told me everything that he knows.2. All the books that you offered havebeen given out.3. This is the best film that I have everseen.4. We talked about the person and thingsthat we remembered.5. He is the only man that I want to see.6. Who is the man that is making aspeech?7. Which is the book that you like best?只用which who whom 的情况1、在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指物；用who/whom指人；2、在由“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句中，用which指物，whom指人；3、先行词本身是that时，关系词用which，先行词为those，one，he时用who。
高考英语定语从句精讲
高考英语定语从句精讲定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。
在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
二关系词的用法。
关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词指代先行词，放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又充当定语从句中的某一种成分（主语、宾语、状语等）。
引导定语从句的关系代词有"at，who，whom，whose，which;关系副词有when，where，why等。
关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下表1.关系代词的用法(1)who, whom的用法二者都用于指人。
who在定语从句中作主语、宾语;whom在定语从句中作宾语。
在现代英语里，有时who也可代替whom在从句中作宾语。
作宾语的关系代词who，whom可以省略(介词后作宾语的关系代词除外）。
She wasthe one who did most of the talking。
大部分时间都是她在说话。
（作主语） The boy who I know studies best in his class.我认识的那个男孩在班上学习最好。
（作宾语）I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to know at a party.我碰巧遇见了那位在一次聚会上认识的教授。
（作宾语，whom可用who 代替) whom在从句中作介词的宾语，且介词提到whom前面时，不能用who 代替。
Yesterday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park.昨天我碰见了几个朋友，我和他们一起去了公园。
（句中的whom不能用who 代替）(2)whose的用法whose可以指人也可以指物，在定语从句中作定语。
高中英语高考复习定语和定语从句知识讲解
高考英语定语和定语从句讲解我们来看这个句子1.Tom is a smart boy.汤姆是一个聪明的男孩。
在这句话中，smart修饰boy，修饰名词的成分叫作定语。
所以，在这个句子中，smart就是定语。
我们再来看这个句子2.Tom is a boy who is smart.汤姆是一个聪明的男孩。
这句话中，who is smart修饰boy，所以，在这个句子中，who is smart也是定语。
我们来观察一下这两个句子句子1中，定语是smart，是一个单词。
句子2中，定语是who is smart，是一个句子。
当我们把定语的位置，换上了一个句子，该句子就是定语从句。
定语是用来修饰名词或者代词，所以定语从句就是用来修饰名词或者代词的句子。
我们分析一下句子2主句是Tom is a boy.从句是who is smart.不难发现，从句中的who就是主句中的boy，且who在后面的从句中作主语。
所以，我们可以得出这样一个结论定语从句的连词（有些语法书称为关系词），具备2个作用①连接主句和从句；②代词主句中的被修饰的名词，在从句中作成分。
名词是指一个人或者事物名称，所以，定语从句所修饰的名词可以是人，也可以是物，甚至是一个句子所描述的一件事。
对于不同的人，物，事，关系词的选择有所规定。
我们来看这个表格以who为例解释一下who引导的定语从句是用来修饰人，who代替先行词，在定语从句中作主语或者宾语。
其他关系词全部以此类推。
例1.He is a boy who studies hard.他是一个学习很努力的男孩。
【分析】who studies hard作为定语从句，修饰名词boy，who代替boy在后面的从句中作主语。
2.He is a boy whom everyone loves.他是一个人见人爱的男孩。
【分析】whom everyone loves作为定语从句，修饰名词boy，whom代替boy在后面的从句中作宾语。
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高考英语复习第9讲定语从句[深化认知]一、关系代词引导的定语从句1．who, whom, whose引导的定语从句(1)who和whom指人，who在定语从句中作主语；whom在定语从句中作宾语，在限制性定语从句中可省略。
在口语中可用who代替whom。
Some people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields.有些在语言学习上很有成就的人，在其他领域常常一无所成。
I have many friends to whom I'm going to send post-cards.我打算给很多朋友寄贺卡。
(2)whose指人或物，在定语从句中作定语，指物时常可用of which代替。
Children who are not active or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.很少进行体育锻炼或饮食富含脂肪的孩子体重会增加很快。
2．that, which引导的定语从句(1)that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，作宾语或表语时可省略。
指物时其用法和which大致相同，但也有区别。
(2)which指物，在定语从句中作主语和宾语，作宾语时，在限制性定语从句中可省略。
另外，which可用来指代前面句子的部分或全部内容。
The boy was away from home for a week, which worried his parents very much.这个男孩离家一个星期了，这使他父母很担心。
(3)定语从句中只用that不用which的情况：①先行词是all, something, everything, anything, nothing, little, much, few等不定代词时；Is there anything (that) I can do for you?有什么我可以为你做的事吗？②先行词被all, any, every, no, little, much, some等词修饰时；All the people that come from the country work much harder.所有来自农村的人工作都更努力得多。
③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词时；The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.在桂林他们参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。
④先行词被the only, the very (正是，恰是), the last修饰时；This is the very book that you are looking for.这正是你在找的那本书。
⑤先行词中既有人也有物时；He talked about the people and the place that he had visited in that country.他谈到了他在那个国家所见到的人和所参观的地方。
⑥在which或who的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句时。
Who is the woman that is standing against the wall?靠墙站着的那个女人是谁？(4)定语从句中只用which的情况：①在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词前时；The chair on which he sat is made of wood.他坐的那把椅子是用木头做的。
②引导非限制性定语从句时；Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.足球是一项非常有趣的运动，全世界都在踢足球。
③当先行词是that/those时；What's that which flashed in the sky just now?刚才在天空中一闪而过的是什么？④有两个定语从句时，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用that，另一个宜用which；Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.给你看一下我从新开放的图书馆里借的那本小说。
⑤which用作定语时。
He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him.他也许会迟到，那样的话，我们应该等他。
二、关系副词引导的定语从句1．关系副词when, where, why的先行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为reason)的名词，在从句中作状语。
有时可用“介词＋which”结构替换。
(2014·江苏高考单选)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work where a good impression is a must.在日常交流中这本书对我帮助很大，尤其是在需要有良好印象的工作之中。
(2014·浙江高考单选)I didn't become a serious climber until the fifth grade, when I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.直到五年级我才成为一个热衷攀爬的人，在那时我登高去拿下一个卡在树枝上的风筝。
The reason why I don't trust him is that he often tells lies.我不信任他的原因是他常常撒谎。
2．当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，即使先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词仍用which/that。
Is this the reason (that) he explained for his rudeness at the meeting?这是他在会议上解释的无礼的原因吗？3．当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如：point, situation, case, stage等，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句；如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。
They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.他们已经到了必须分手的地步。
三、“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句1．若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。
另外，whose也可以放在介词后，即“介词＋whose＋名词”结构。
Trading leather shoes is the business to which the Greens are devoted.皮鞋生意是格林一家所致力于的事业。
I wish to thank Professor Smith, without whose help I would never have got this far.我希望感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助，我永远不会走这么远。
2．该结构中介词的选用(1)一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：①先行词的意义；②从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配；③句子的意思。
(2)表示“整体和部分关系”，介词常用of。
常见结构：①在some, any, few, little, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each等代词或数词的前、后可以用of which/whom。
②the＋比较级或最高级前、后用of which/whom等。
(3)有时“介词＋where”可以引导定语从句，此时要和“介词＋which”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。
His head soon appeared out of the window, from where he saw nothing but trees.他的头很快从窗口探了出来，从那里除了树木他什么也看不到。
(from where相当于from out of the window，而不是from the window)四、as, which引导的定语从句1．as作关系代词用来引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像”，as引导的句子可放在句首、句末或句中。
As everybody knows, Shakespeare is a famous writer.众所周知，莎士比亚是一位著名的作家。
2．as常用在下列习惯用语中：as (it) often happens, as I remember, as is often the case, as is expected, as is known to us, as is shown等。
As is expected, she married again.正如预料的那样，她再婚了。
3．which引导定语从句代指前面整句话内容则只能位于句末。
(2013·安徽高考单选)Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, which made one of the Chinese people's long-held dreams come true.2012年莫言被授予诺贝尔文学奖，这使中国人长久以来拥有的梦想之一变成现实。
4．“such/so ...that ...”表示“如此……以致……”，用来引导一个结果状语从句；而“such/so ...as ...”表示“像……这样……”，用来引导定语从句，as在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。
Last term our maths teacher set so difficult an examination problem as none of us worked out.(定语从句)＝Last term our maths teacher set so difficult an examination problem that none of us worked it out.(结果状语从句)上学期数学老师考试出了一道很难的数学题，没有一个人能解出来。
5．“the same ...that ...”表同一个人或物，而“the same ...as ...”表同种类的东西。