模块5第二单元词汇复习

模块5 Unit 2

Reading

1. survival n. 幸存，生还survive v. 幸存，生还（survive the accident从事故中生还）survivor n. 幸存者

2. air / water pollution 空气/水污染

3. economy n. 经济

economic adj. 经济的，经济学的economical adj. 节约的，节省的

economics n. 经济学

4. consultant n. 顾问

consult vt. 请教，商量（If you have any problems, you can consult your doctor.）

查阅，参考（consult the dictionary）

5. debate nu./ nc. 辩论，讨论

the debate over/ about / on … 关于…的辩论，讨论

The problem is under debate. (under debate 在讨论中)

debate v. 辩论，讨论debater n. 辩论队员

6. schedule n. 计划，时间表

on schedule 准时ahead of schedule 提前

7. open the floor for discussion / questions 自由讨论/提问

8. I am talking to you today about the way (that/in which) large areas of the world are damaged by waste.

当先行词是way时，若定语从句主谓宾完整，从句就用that或in which引导，也可什么都不填。

比较：

I don’t like the way (that / which) you told me.

此时定语从句中缺少宾语，要用that或which，或不填。

9. damage vt. / n. 损害，伤害

damage… = do / cause damage to…

be damaged by chemical waste 受到化学垃圾的损害

10. waste nu. 废弃物，浪费（It’s a waste of time doing 做…是浪费时间的）

Vt. 浪费waste sth on sth / (in) doing…

Adj. 废弃的，荒芜的

11. A large amount of money has been paid.

Large amounts of money have been paid.

amount的后面要跟不可数名词，但是谓语动词的单复数取决于amount。

12. go into the atmosphere 进入大气

13. sick adj. 生病的；恶心的，呕吐的（travel sickness 晕车，晕船，晕机等）

14. Other types of waste flow into our water, killing river and sea life.

这里的killing是现在分词表示自然而然的结果。

flow-flowed-flowed vi. / n. 流动，连贯

•The river flows eastward into the sea. （流动）

•The traffic flows well at this time of the day. 交通顺畅

•When the concert was over, lots of people flowed from the hall. 人群涌出

n. the flow of blood / traffic / water 血流、交通流量，水流

15. Much sea life is being destroyed as well. (正在被毁灭)

16. fishing boats 渔船

17. a large number of … = large numbers of…许多，大量（后接名词复数）

a large quantity of … = large quantities of…许多（后接不可数，或复数都可以，相当于a lot of和lots of）

a large amount of… = large amounts of…许多(后接不可数名词)

18. fish做可数名词：

1）指鱼的条数，单复数同形。（one fish 一只鱼; two fish 两只鱼）

2)指鱼的种类，复数是fishes （two fishes 两种鱼）

fish做不可数名词，指鱼肉。

19. lay（下蛋，铺，放置）- laid – laid

lie （躺，位于）-lay-lain (lying)

lie （撒谎）-lied-lied （lying）

20. result in … 导致… result from… 因为… （这两个都是动词短语）

result in sb doing 导致某人做…( Carelessness resulted in him falling off the bike.)

result in sb / sth done 导致某人/某物被… ( River pollution resulted in smaller numbers of fish left for us to eat.)

表示“导致”的短语还有：lead to , contribute to （这两个短语的to都是介词，后面要加doing / being done）

21. The world’s population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.

1) population指人口，不可数；指人们，人民，可数

•The population of China is much larger than that of Japan.

•About 30 percent of the population in this country are farmers.

2）grow by…增加了…grow to…增加到…

(也可以说increase / rise by…增加了…)

3) 倍数的表达：(1) 倍数+ as + 形容词/副词原级+ as …

(2) 倍数+ 比较级+ than …

(3）倍数+ the + n. (width / size / length / depth / height…) + of …

(4) 倍数+ what-从句

•这座新楼是那座旧楼的两倍高。

⑴The new building is twice as high as the old one.

⑵The new building is once higher than the old one.

⑶The new building is twice the height of the old one.

22. It’s one’s duty to do…做…是某人的责任

It’s parents’ duty to raise their children.

23. 削减，减少：cut back on… = cut down… = cut down on…

cut in …插嘴cut down 砍倒；削减cut off 切断（联系，供应）cut up 切碎24. turn into …变成…turn A into B 把A变成B

turn to sb / sth 翻到…页；向某人求助

turn out (to be ) + n./adj. 结果是

turn up 调高音量，出现turn down 调低音量，拒绝

turn in 上交turn over 翻转

25. be concerned about / with…对…关心，关注，担忧的

be concerned with…和…有关

as far as sb + be concerned 就某人而言（as far as I’m concerned）