现代大学英语口语(1)Unit Three
外研社2024现代大学英语(第三版)口语1教师用书Oral_English_I_Unit_14
Unit14Celebrating Holidays and FestivalsTheme:holidays and festivalsLanguage functions:Describing what people do on holidays and festivals;talking about future plansObjectives:Students shall be able to describe holidays&festivals and talk about their future plans;they shall also consolidate their command of the functional expressions used to show agreement&disagreement as well as describe past experiences.Warm-upProcedures:1.Divide students into groups of four and ask them to guess what the festivals are according to the descriptions and then discuss the questions in the textbook.The holidays and festivals described in part one are the Mid-Autumn Festival,Tomb-Sweeping Festival/Qing Ming Festival,Thanks g iving,and Halloween.Activity11.ConversationThis text is a dialogue between two friends,Zhang Juan and Peter,discussing holidays and festivals in their respective cultures,China and the United States.The text provides an introductory cultural exchange and comparison of traditional holiday celebrations in China and the United States.It highlights some of the major national holidays in each country and some unique customs.Go through the conversation and draw students’attention to expressions of asking about and describing the holidays and festivals.Then lead students to have a look at the useful words and functional expressions in the Language Bank.In addition,the teacher may ask students to add other important holidays and festivals in China or other countries.2.Pair work●Focus:This task aims to engage students in conversational exchanges about culturalevents and making logical guesses about which festival is being depicted based on the visual information provided.●Procedures:Arrange students in pairs.Ask each pair to make dialogs based on the given pictures, following the pattern in the textbook.They may choose to make three short dialogs or one dialog incorporating descriptions of three holidays.Remind students to use the pictures asprompts to practice talking about different holidays and festivals.The goal is to identify the celebration based on the visual clues.Then the teacher may ask two or three pairs to role-play their conversation(s).Provide feedback on the content and language used.Highlight any new vocabulary or proper holiday names introduced through the activity.3.Mini-speech●Focus:The goal of this task is for students to strengthen their public speaking andpresentation skills by individually preparing and delivering a short speech about a holiday or festival to their peer group.Students will select a celebration from the provided list,research key details about its history,customs,and origins,and create a two-minute informative presentation to group members.●Procedures:1.Divide students into groups.Have each student select one holiday/festival from the provided list.2.Give students a few minutes to prepare a short two-minute presentation about their chosen holiday/festival.They should include key details like the date,traditions,origins,etc.3.Have each student take turns giving their mini-presentation to the group.Encourage them to speak loudly and clearly.4.After each presentation,the other group members could ask follow-up questions about the holiday.This allows the presenter to provide more detail.5.When all students have presented,lead a brief class discussion reflecting on what they learned about different cultural celebrations from their peers.6.Provide positive feedback on the content and public speaking skills demonstrated. Sample Speech and Q&AThe festival I will talk about today is the Lantern Festival.This festival takes place on the15th day of the first month of the lunar calendar.It marks the end of the Chinese New Year celebrations.The Lantern Festival has a history of over2,000years.During this festival,people light lanterns and hang them around temples,in the streets,parks,and even near rivers and lakes.The lanterns come in all shapes,sizes and colors,often with Chinese symbols, animals from the zodiac,or scenes from myths.The lanterns symbolize hope for the new year.Families carry lanterns to join in parades and events.There are often fireworks, dances,and lion dances too.Eating round sticky rice balls called yuanxiao in Chinese is a popular custom,because their round shape matches the full moon on this night.The Lantern Festival is about bringing families together to celebrate while welcoming the first full moon.Q&A:Q:When was the first Lantern Festival held?A:The Lantern Festival began during the Han Dynasty,over2,000years ago.Q:What foods do people eat during this festival?A:Common foods eaten during this festival are sticky rice balls called yuanxiao and round-shaped dumplings.These match the full moon.Q:What makes the lanterns special?A:The lanterns come in all sizes,shapes and colors.Many have Chinese symbols,animals or myths depicted on them.They symbolize hope.Activity21.ConversationsThe two conversations in this activity focus on talking about future plans and usual practice on certain holidays.Lead students through the two conversations and ask them if they know anything about the origin of the April Fool’s Day and the Dragon Boat Festival.Students may also share some interesting April Fool’s stories and some different ways of celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival in different parts of China.2.Pair work●Focus:This task focuses on using the phrase“I am going to”to discuss future holidayplans.This allows students to practice talking about the future in English while learning about their partner’s holiday traditions and plans.●Procedures:1.Divide students in pairs.Ask each pair to follow the instructions in the textbook and remind them to think about what they learned in Unit3to talk about future plans and try to use the expressions they learned.2.Students will take turns using the phrase“I am going to”to discuss their plans.They could discuss activities,food,places they will visit,people they will see,etc.Students should aim to provide3-5“I am going to...”statements for each holiday prompt.3.After both students have had a chance to share their plans,the teacher can invite some pairs to share with the class.3.Story-telling●Focus:This task aims to get students to share some interesting/memorable personalexperiences or stories related to a holiday tradition holidays by using3-5key details.By recounting events in sequence using the past tense,students can improve their ability to narrate a coherent story in English.●Procedures:Divide students into groups.Students will take turns sharing stories about memorable experiences they’ve had on Chinese or Western holidays/festivals.Remind students that they need to give as many details as possible to make their stories vivid and impressive.Stories should focus on a specific holiday event or tradition and past tenses should be used to describe what happened.If a student does not have a relevant personal experience to share, they can share an interesting,moving,or funny holiday story they have heard before.After the group work,the teacher may ask some volunteers to share their stories in front of the class.Activity31.FestivalsThis text explores two major cultural festival traditions—China’s Spring Festival(Lunar New Year)and the American holiday of Thanksgiving.It first provides background on Spring Festival,describing the celebrations,customs,and activities associated with this revered start of the lunar new year.Details are given about the significance of family gatherings,traditions like hanging red banners and staying up late on New Year’s Eve,visiting relatives,and enjoying public festivities.The text then shifts to discuss the origins and modern practices of Thanksgiving in America. It recounts how the Pilgrims started the tradition in1621after surviving a difficult winter thanks to the help of Native Americans.Their inaugural feast and celebration of a bountiful harvest spawned an ongoing national holiday.Thanksgiving is associated with family gatherings,travel,special meals featuring turkey and pumpkin pie,and giving thanks for one’s blessings.Together,the passages showcase two major cultural holiday traditions and how they bring families and communities together through celebration,shared history,and gratitude.Lead students through the text and ask them to summarize what kind of information should be included in an introduction of a holiday or ually,when,how and with whom the holiday or festival is celebrated are necessary,and then the origin,related stories, importance as well as cultural implications may also be included.2.Pair work●Focus:This task allows students to compare and contrast customs and traditions betweenmajor Chinese and Western holidays.Students will work in pairs to identify similarities and differences across six festival pairings.This promotes cultural understanding of how celebrations vary across regions.●Procedures:The teacher may introduce some patterns often used to talk about similarities and differences before dividing the students into groups.Each group may first brainstorm on the customs of all the Western and Chinese festivals in the table and have a discussion of the similarities and differences between each pair.After discussion and completing the table,students will share what they listed with the class and explain the cultural significance.Suggested Answers:Festivals Similarities DifferencesChristmas vs.Spring Festival -Family gatherings-Decorating homes-Exchanging gifts-Christmas:Christianity;turkeySpring Festival:Lunarcalendar;jiaozi;fireworksValentine’s Day vs.Qixi Festival -love/romance-Gifts to loved ones-Festival tales about couples-Qixi:traditional Chinesestory;activities likewatching stars-Valentine’s:more widelycelebratedHalloween vs.Qingming Festival -Respect to the deceased-Rituals and offerings-Halloween:morelighthearted;costumes andcandy-Qingming:more reverentand solemnThanksgiving vs.Mid-Autumn Festival -Family gatherings-Feasts/meals-Harvest origins-Thanksgiving:Americanhistory-Mid-Autumn:mooncakes,lanterns and moon viewing3.Interview●Focus:The task focuses on encouraging students to think about and voice their opinionson Chinese and Western festivals and how people should celebrate them in the present era.The discussion promotes critical thinking on cultural evolution.●Procedures:The teacher may start by asking students how they feel about traditional holidays now compared with how they felt when they were young.Then,students may give their opinions about how people may maintain or adjust the customs.4.Show and tell●Focus:The task is designed for the students to look for information about a particularfestival of an ethnic group and integrate what they have collected into a presentation.●Procedures:The teacher may assign the task in class and leave it as homework for students to look for related information and prepare for the presentation.Divide students into groups of four and ask them to first decide on a festival of an ethnic group.The teacher needs to make sure that each group focuses on a different festival from other groups.Then,ask students to think about what they would like to include in their presentation and how they can make their presentation more impressive.In addition,remind them to have a proper allocation of work and ensure good cooperation among the group members.Finally in class,each group does their presentation and other groups give their comments on the content and performance of the presentation.Supplementary Activity1.ConversationThis is a conversation between Rick,an American exchange student studying Chinese culture at Peking University,and his Chinese friend Cherry.It takes place on the evening of the Mid-Autumn Festival,a major traditional holiday in China.Their conversation provides insight into Chinese traditions around the Mid-Autumn Festival.The teacher may make use of the activity to get students to know more about the festivals celebrated in China and appreciate the cultural diversity of our country.2.Role-play●Focus:This task is for the students to demonstrate an understanding of a key Chineseholiday,the Winter Solstice Festival.Students work in pairs and roleplay the original characters of Rick and Cherry.●Procedures:1.Have students work in pairs,with one partner playing Rick and the other playing Cherry. Explain that the scene is now the Winter Solstice Festival.2.Rick should ask questions to learn about the Winter Solstice Festival,such as its origins, traditions,foods,etc.Cherry will explain details about the festival and how Chinese people celebrate it.Encourage to use prior cultural knowledge.3.Have students perform their role-plays for the class.After each role-play,briefly discuss key information presented about the festival.Sample DialogueRick:Hi Cherry!Happy Winter Solstice Festival!Thanks for inviting me over to celebrate again.Cherry:You’re welcome,Rick!I’m excited to tell you about another Chinese holiday. Rick:Me too!So can you explain what the Winter Solstice Festival is all about?When is it celebrated?Cherry:The Winter Solstice Festival is one of the most important festivals in China.It takes place around December21st,the shortest day of the year.Rick:Interesting!What are the origins of this festival?Cherry:It originated over2,000years ago.Ancient Chinese people celebrated the solstice because it means the days would start getting longer again as spring approaches.Rick:That makes sense.I read the solstice has something to do with yin and yang. Cherry:Yes,exactly!The solstice represents yin transitioning to yang—from the darkness of winter to the light of spring.Rick:Nice.So how do Chinese people celebrate today?What are the traditions? Cherry:There are many fun customs!Eating jiaozi and spending time with family.Also ancestor worship and lighting candles.Rick:It sounds very meaningful.I’d love to experience all of that someday.Well,thanks for telling me about this great Chinese festival!Cherry:You’re welcome!I’m happy to share our culture with you.Ready for our feast?3.Pair work●Focus:This activity prompts students to discuss and compare regional variations incelebrating traditional Chinese holidays and festivals.Students will activate prior knowledge and share experiences to highlight how geography and local culture lead to diverse paring traditions boosts cultural understanding.●Procedures:Have students work in pairs.Students in each pair may start with sharing how certain traditional festivals are celebrated in their hometown and see if there are any differences.In addition,they may share whatever they know of or have heard of the different ways of celebrating traditional festivals in different places.Remind students to make use of the expressions introduced in Task1for Activity3to talk about these differences.Encourage students to explain why certain regional variations developed.Consider geography,ethnic groups,available foods,etc.Have some pairs briefly share their examples with the class.。
现代大学英语口语(1)Unit Three
build age face clothes eyes facial features
character/ personality negtive positive
❖ Here is a list of useful expressions
Hight Build Age
Face clothes eyes
skinny
negtive
anorexic
medical
underweight negtive
thin
negtive
slim
positive
slender
positive
fat tubby
negtive negtive
overweight negtive
plump
neutral
stocky
positive
30s, 40s
round, oval, （鹅 蛋脸） square, with scares, wrinkles, freckles, suntanned, pale
additional： moustache, beard, whisker
casual, big round
scruffy, （ blue eyes,
❖ 4. generous, loyal, self-controlled, moody, trusting, modest, tolerant, friendly
❖ 5. energetic, confident, selfish, shy, stubborn, reliable, clumsy, intelligent
As an old proverb goes: don't judge a person by his appearance, people always turn their backs upon those who pay much attention to appearance. However, it is also important and practical sometimes, especially when it comes to get acquainted with someone unfamiliar, to introduce your friends and to evaluate them. Therefore, let us learn how to describe a person from all-round perspective.
现代大学英语精读1Unit_3_课后练习答案
Unit 3Preview1. Listen to the recording of the text and choose the statement that best reflects your understanding.1. C2. A3. C4. D5. CVocabulary1. Become familiar with the rules of word formation.1. Give the parts of speech of the following words and study how they are formed.1. “un-“ here is an adjective prefix which means “not”.2. “-able” is an adjective suffix which means something that can be done ora quality something or someone has（可以的或必须的；有某种特性或倾向的）．3．“fore-”is a prefix which means‘‘before’‘or‘’in front of’（指时间、职位、位置在前面）．4. Suffix “-en” turns some adjectives and nouns into verbs.5. Prefix “re-“ means “again”.6. These compound nouns are formed by objects + v + –er/or.7. These compound adjectives are formed by adj + n + –ed.2. Decide which of the following words can be used both as verbs andnouns.All these words can be used both as nouns and verbs with only the following exceptions which are usually used as verbs:TendReplace (corresponding noun: replacement)Die (When used as a noun, it is a different word.)Condemn (corresponding noun: condemnation)Occur (corresponding noun: occurrence)Complain (corresponding noun: complaint)Protect (corresponding noun: protection)3 Translate the following expressions4. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets.1. represent, represented2. employer, unemployed, employees, reemployed3. well-informed, information4. informer, inform, authorities5. complaints, complain, unemployment6. insult7. insulting, insult8. representative9. be insulted2 Complete the following verb + noun collocations or expressions1 mind (his own business)2 plant / grow / harvest / reap (the rice)3 dig / sink (a well)4. (catch) fish / birds / crabs / mice/ a thief / a cold / the meaning / the disease5 till / improve / conserve (the soil)6 plough (the field)7 (condemn) the enemy / the killings8 (attract) attention / interest / criticism9 (gather) flowers/ nuts / information /troops3. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets according to the patterns given in bold.1. it was fate that2. it was/is his son who3. it was in the United States that4. begging for food with a golden bowl5. trying to fly by lifting his hair6. leading the blind7. She used to be rather weak in English8. Ours used to be called a country of bicycles9. There used to be lots of fish, shrimps and crabs4. Fill in the blanks with correct prepositions and adverbs(1) in, of, with, at, with, about/of, to, of, on, to(2) of, for, from, till, on, after, against/from, in(3) to, in, of, of, for, to, for, in, to,(4) down, over, with(5) by, over,(6) along, with, across(7) around/ round, away, with(8) to, up, off, off, on5 Translate the following sentences, using the link +predicative pattern 1. 祝英台虽然不愿意嫁给马家小少爷，但她不能不服从她父亲。
现代大学英语听力1 3
Objectives:•Make predictions using the information p rovided•Listen for main ideas by using flow charts or mind maps•Listen for details, such as numbers and Key nouns•Practice taking notes while listening•Understand more about different interests and hobbies•Learn some useful expressions concerning h obbiesTask 1 My hobbyS criptSpeaker 1My hobby is skydiving. Do you know what that is? I jump from an airplane and fall through the air. I open my parachute only when I’m very close to the ground. Of course it’s rather dangerous. Perhaps that’s why I enjoy it. I think it’s fun. Very few women do it. But we’re just as good at it as men.Speaker 2I’m very interested in music. In my free time, I play and listen to it. I can play the guitar and the flute. I enjoy all kinds of music but my favorite is folk music. Good folk music. I like classical music, too. But I prefer folk music. I’d like to have my own group some day.Speaker 3I love all kinds of sports, but my favorite sport is tennis. But I don’t enjoy watching it. I only enjoy playing it. And when I play, I want to win! That’s very important. I hate losing!Key1.Listen to the recording for the main ideas and complete the following table.Speaker Hobby1Skydiving2Music3Sports/Tennis2.Listen a gain f or t he d etails a nd d ecide w hether t he s tatements a re t rue (T) o r f alse (F).[F] 1) The first speaker opens the parachute immediately after she jumps out of the airplane.[T] 2) The second speaker likes both folk music and classical music.[F] 3) The third speaker enjoys watching sports but not playing them.This task is a very brief introduction to the speakers’ hobbies and the reasons for their interest, which we hope can prepare students to deal with the materials that follow. The teacher can organize in-class discussion at the very beginning of the task or immediately after it to stimulate relevant thinking about hobbies.Task 2 Parachute jumpS criptI made my first parachute jump because I had read an article about it and I had always wanted to try it.Before the jump, I went to six training classes. I was taught where to sit in the aeroplane, how to jump out, how to guide the parachute, and how to land on the ground safely.On the big day, I was very nervous. The weather was cloudy, but the pilot thought it was all right, so the two of us, the instructor and I, got into the aeroplane with the pilot, and Helen Gray got into the other aeroplane. She wanted to take some parachuting photographs. We took off and climbed to 1000 metres. I was really very frightened waiting for the big moment! Then the instructor told me to jump. I looked out of the open door and saw the ground below. It was the most terrifying moment of my life! I closed my eyes and jumped.It was a great relief when the parachute opened! I looked up and saw the orange canopy. Below me was the landing area. It was really beautiful falling peacefully through the air. I landed well and waited for the instructor. Then we picked up our parachutes and went off to have a coffee and talk about the jump.Parachuting is definitely more exciting than other things I have done before—like mountain climbing and sailing—and it’s more fun, too. I’m going to make my second jump next week.Key1.Listen to the passage and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F).[F] 1) It was her instructor who first introduced the idea of parachuting to the speaker.[F] 2) On the day of the speaker’s first jump, her instructor got into another aeroplane.[T] 3) The speaker had an orange parachute on that day.[T] 4) During her first jump, the speaker was first terrified, then excited, and she ended up looking forward to the next jump.2.Listen a gain f or t he d etails (adverbs, a djectives a nd n umbers, e tc.) a nd f ill i n t he b lanks.1)Before the jump, I went to six training classes. I was taught where to sit in the aeroplane, howto jump out, how to guide the parachute, and how to land on the ground safely.2)On the big day, I was very nervous. The weather was cloudy, but the pilot thought it was allright, so the two of us, the instructor and I, got into the aeroplane with the pilot, and Helen Gray got into the other aeroplane. We took off and climbed to 1000 meters. I was really very frightened waiting for the big moment! Then the instructor told me to jump. I looked out of the open door and saw the ground below. It was the most terrifying moment of my life! I closed my eyes and jumped.This passage is a detailed description of the speaker’s first parachuting experience.Students need only to do the exercises carefully; they do not test students’ ability to summarize or draw inferences. Teachers can encourage students to pay attention to the use of adjectives, adverbs and numbers to describe an experience.Task 3 Lesie Gregory’s hobbiesS criptSimon: Hi! What’s your name?Lesie: My name is Lesie Gregory.Simon: And do you want to tell us about your hobbies?Lesie: Sure, I’ll tell you about my hobbies.Simon: OK. What are they?Lesie: My first hobby is going to the gym. I go to the gym three times a week. I do floor exercises, aerobics classes, swimming and I do weight training.Simon: Of all those things, what are your favorites? What’s your favorite? What’s your favorite thing to do?Lesie: My favorite thing to do is either swimming or what they call aquarobics.Simon: Aquarobics? What’s that?Lesie: Well, actually, there’s(there’re) different kinds of aquarobics. It’s just like an aerobics class but it’s in a swimming pool, so there’s, so you’re not putting pressure on your joints when you’re jumping up and down.Simon: Ah, cool! Any other hobbies?Lesie: Yeah, um, because it’s going to be Christmas soon, I’ll be able to enjoy my hobby of baking. Simon: So what kind of things do you bake?Lesie: Oh, well, sometimes I bake pies, like pumpkin pies or pecan pies. Pecan pies are very famous where I come from in Florida because we have pecan trees—and then sometimes I do cakes, like really rich cakes like red velvet cakes, or carrot cakes, but this year I’m going to be baking cookies.Simon: Cookies! What kind of cookies, Lesie?Lesie: Ah, let’s see this year’s cookies are going to be the traditional Christmas sugar cookie, which is a big cookie in a kind of Christmas shape, like a Christmas tree or Santa Claus with icing or some colored sugar, very yummy, and some M&M cookies with red and green M&M’s. Simon: Oh, wow! Sounds interesting! OK. I’ve got a question, or I’ve got something to ask you.Could you describe how your cookies taste? Use your three favorite adjectives.Lesie: Three favorite adjectives? Soft, moist, and sweet!KeyListen to the dialogue for the details and answer the following questions.1)What does Lesie do in the gym?Key: Lesie does floor exercises, aerobics classes, swimming and weight training.2)Of all the gym activities, what is Lesie’s favorite thing to do?Key: Lesie’s favorite thing to do is either swimming or aquarobics.3)What is the advantage of aquarobics?Key: People are not putting pressure on their joints when jumping up and down.4)What kind of things does Lesie bake?Key: Lesie sometimes bakes pies, like pumpkin pies or pecan pies. She sometimes bakes cakes, like really rich cakes like red velvet cakes, or carrot cakes, but this year she isgoing to be baking cookies.5)What kind of cookies does Lesie plan to bake?Key: She is going to bake the traditional Christmas sugar cookie and some M&M cookies with red and green M&M’s.6)What are the three words Lesie uses to describe how her cookies taste?Key: Soft, moist, and sweet.This dialogue is on more or less the same level as the previous one, and the exercises are a lso not very challenging. The Key to answering all the questions correctly is to grasp what the two hobbies are and to understand that Lesie is explaining them one after another.After students finish the exercises, the teacher can remind them of the listening strategy of note-taking in the form of a flow chart or a mind map.Task 4 Learning karateS criptPhilip: My special visitor today is Matthew Treharne, one of this year’s Children of Courage.Good afternoon, Matthew.Matthew: Good afternoon.Philip: Where do you come from, Matthew?Matthew: From Cambridgeshire, in the east of England.Philip: Now, you’ve got a black belt in karate, haven’t you?Matthew: Yes.Philip: And you’re the first ten-year-old with a black belt?Matthew: Yes, that’s right.Philip: That’s fantastic. When did you start karate?Matthew: Six years ago. When I was four.Philip: Only four? Why did you choose karate?Matthew: Because I liked it. And because I wanted to be strong.Philip: Weren’t you strong?Matthew: Oh no. I had a hole in my heart when I was born. So I was very ill. Then I had a big operation in hospital. But I was still weak and tired all the time. So I started karate.Philip: Was it difficult at first?Matthew: Well, at the beginning, yes, it was. But my parents always encouraged me to go on.Philip: When did you get your black belt?Matthew: I got it this summer.Philip: What a wonderful fight against a handicap! Now you are strong and a champion! Matthew: Oh, it’s just fun now. I play other sports too.Philip: Do you play football?Matthew: Yes, and rugby.Philip: You give special karate shows, don’t you?Matthew: Yes, I give local karate shows. Near my home in Cambridgeshire.Philip: So you are rich too?Matthew: Oh no. I give the money away.Philip: Do you?Matthew: Yes. I gave £1,000 to a hospital in Peterborough.Philip: What did they buy with the money?Matthew: They bought a heart ventilator—that’s a special machine for people with weak hearts.Philip: So they can help other people with problems like yours?Matthew: Yes, and then they can learn karate too!Philip: What a splendid story! Thank you Matthew. And enjoy your special day in London. Matthew: Thanks. Goodbye.Key1.Listen t o t he i nterview a nd practice t aking n otes of t he personal i nformation o f the b oy l istedbelow.Name: Matthew (Treharne)Age: 10Hometown: Cambridgeshire (in the east of England)Award: a black belt in karateWhen he got the award: this summerWhen he started learning karate: six years ago/at the age of fourHis reason for learning karate: He liked it and he wanted to be strong.Other sports he plays: football and rugby2.Listen again for the details and answer the following questions.1)Where does the boy give his special karate shows?Key: He gives his karate shows near his home in Cambridgeshire.2)How does he deal with the money he earns through the karate shows?Key: He gives the money away.3)What is the money spent on?Key: It was used to buy a heart ventilator, a special machine for people with weak hearts.Ask students to glance over the questions before they listen to the recording, and to write down answers to the questions as they listen to it. To improve students’ note-taking ability is one of the objectives of this unit.Teachers may draw student s’ attention to certain features of interviews. For example, the interviewer may ask the interviewee some basic information, and then the interviewer will usually raise other questions by topic, in a logical sequence.Task 5 Children’s hobbiesS criptSpeaker 1My hobbies are collecting stickers and writing songs. I like collecting stickers because some are cool and if I collect enough I can fill up my wall with stickers. I also like writing songs, like Baby, Don’t Leave Me, because I always think of them in the shower.Speaker 2My favorite hobby is stargazing, because I think it is a challenge to look for the Big Dipper, Little Dipper, and all those other constellations. I think it is almost like doing a word search because you have to concentrate and look carefully for the constellations.Speaker 3One of our favorite hobbies is looking for license plates from other states. So far, we have seenlicense plates from 22 different states, and we’ve also seen one from Guam, an unincorporated territory of the United States. We enjoy this hobby because we usually see plates from Texas, so it’s fun to see another kind of license plate.Speaker 4I have many different hobbies. But my favorite hobby is writing. I have dreams of becoming an author, novelist, or journalist. I enjoy writing stories and poems the most. I love writing because there are so many different styles and because writing is the best way for me to express myself and to get my troubles out. I don’t really like to talk in front of a lot of people or about serious matters. So that’s where writing comes in handy.Speaker 5Dancing is my favorite hobby. I have given three or four stage performances. I have also participated in inter-school competitions, and I have won first prize for my school. Winning prizes and dancing on stage encourages me to learn more.Key1. Listen to the recording for the main ideas and connect the hobbies with the reasons why the speakers like them.2. Glance over the questions before listening to the recording for the details. Then listen to the recording twice and answer the following questions.1) Where does the first speaker place his stickers? And when does he think of his songs?Key : He places the stickers on the wall. He thinks of his songs in the shower.2) What are the Big Dipper and the Little Dipper?Key : They are constellations.3) Which state does the third speaker live i n? Hobby ReasonIt is fun to see what you usually c annot. Dancing The stickers are cool and can be used to decorate the wall. WritingIt is the best way to express yourself and to get your troubles out. Looking for license platesfrom other statesPrizes and performance on stage encourage you to learn more.It is almost like doing a word search because you have to concentrate. Collecting stickersKey: Texas.4)What dreams does the fourth speaker have? What types of writing does she like?Key: She has dreams of becoming an author, novelist, or journalist. She enjoys writing stories and poems the most.5)What prize has the fifth speaker achieved in dancing?Key: The first prize in inter-school competitions.This task will not be a challenge if different speakers’ speeches are played individually. So ask students to try to finish all the questions the first time they listen to the recording. The questions in this unit are designed to train students to speed up their writing. Play the recording once more after your students have finished the exercises, asking them to pay attention to the characteristics of oral English, such as simple diction, parenthesis, and monotonous sentence patterns.Task 6 A very common hobbyS criptI do jogging and physical exercise, which I could call my hobby. I like it because it’s nice and it always makes me feel good afterward. It’s a great way to stay fit and make use of some extra time I have. It’s a very common type of sport for many people and it’s no wonder because it’s basically simple and easy to start. All you need is some energy, motivation, a pair of sport shoes and trousers that have some flexibility. Also a little extra money in case you would like to use some sports center or gym.It also improves your health, especially if you do it regularly and it’s very enjoyable to see the good effect on your physical condition. Also one really great thing about it—which is probably as well one of the reasons for its popularity—is that you can do it whenever you have time to and you don’t have to make a schedule for it if you don’t want to. You can spontaneously just go for it whenever you feel like it in your spare time. This makes it the perfect way for me to stay fit.KeyListen to the monologue. Use Key words to summarize the major benefits of jogging and physical exercise mentioned by the speaker. Explain them, using your own words, to your classmates divided into small groups of 2 or 3.Major benefit Detailed explanation Good mood afterwardYou may feel good after the exercise. Good health if youexercise regularly It is a good way to stay fit./It improves your health./It increases your physical fitness.Simple and easy to start All you need is some energy, motivation, a pair of sport shoes and trousers that have some flexibility. Also a little extra money in caseyou would like to use some sports center or gym.Flexibility in timeIt is a good way to use the extra time you have. You can do itwhenever you have time to and you don’t have to make a schedulefor it if you don’t want to. You can spontaneously just go forit whenever you feel like it in your spare time.Task 7 Bird watchingS criptBird watching is a hobby that can be practiced by anyone since you can watch birds anywhere you like —even in your own backyard. Bird watching is more easily practiced when you live onThis is how some people talk in their daily life. The language of this monologue is not difficult. The difficulty of it lies in the fact that the speaker mentions the benefits of physical exercise one after another, and then goes back to further explain the benefits of good health and a flexible schedule. Students may be accustomed to a neat speaking style, which provides a preview by listing the benefits briefly at the beginning and goes to explain them in detail one by one. Remind your students of alternative styles in real life.What’s more, the requirement to summarize using Key words may also be a challenge for some students. They may have already understood the passage. But the summarizing requirement may take them some time.The group discussion exercise is designed to train students to use the words and sentences they’ve just heard to explain the mselves. Input and output of language should always go hand in hand.the outskirts of a city or in a smaller town, unless you have regular travel opportunities for serious birding.Usually, those that take up bird watching as a hobby are fascinated by different species of birds, their behavior, their color and migration patterns. Depending on which part of the country you live in, you can see different types of birds every season as they migrate from north to south.You will soon discover that bird watching is not expensive, since all you need to get started is a decent pair of binoculars. However, as you develop a liking for this hobby, you may want to expand your horizons and travel to different parts of the country or indeed the world in order to pursue your hobby and get the chance to observe different species of birds.Bird watching can easily turn into a professional career if you truly enjoy it. Professional bird watching requires a little bit more dedication and a lot more patience than you would devote to a hobby. You can easily abandon a hobby when you are tired of it, but you cannot do so if it has become your job.You need to watch birds around the clock at times in order to follow their behavior and make notes on the things you observe. Many endangered species of birds are being closely observed in order to ensure that they don’t become extinct, both in the country and around the world.Both professional bird watchers and those who watch birds as a hobby keep journals in which they make notes on different birds and their differing patterns of behavior. Accuracy in keeping bird watching journals can save a species and therefore the bird watching profession is difficult, but it is a pleasure for those who enjoy being around birds and in prolonged contact with nature.Key1.Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1)Bird watching as a hobby can be practiced by . (A)A.anybody who likes itB.only professionalsC.rich peopleD.people who live in the city2)Which of the following is NOT correct in describing what fascinates bird watchers? (C)A.Various species of birds.B.Birds’ behavior and color.C.Regular travel opportunities.D.Birds’ migration patterns.2.Listen again and answer the following q uestions.1)Is bird watching as a hobby expensive?Key: It is not expensive when you start, since all you need to have is a decent pair of binoculars. However, as you develop a liking for this hobby, you may need to spendmore, because you may want to expand your horizons and travel to different parts ofthe country or indeed the world to get a chance to observe different species of birds.2)What more does professional bird watching require than when it is only a hobby?Key: Professional bird watching requires a little bit more dedication and a lot more patience than you would devote to a hobby.3)Why do birds sometimes need to be watched around the clock?Key: Birds need to be watched around the clock at times in order to observe their behavior and make notes on the things observed. Many endangered species of birds are beingclosely observed in order to ensure that they don’t become extinct, both in the cou ntryand around the world.4)Why do bird watchers keep journals?Key: Because they can make notes on different birds and their differing patterns of behavior.And this may even save a species.5)Is bird watching as a profession difficult?Key: Bird watching as a profession may be difficult, since professional bird watchers need to travel to different places and take accurate, detailed notes. But it is also a pleasure forthose who enjoy being around birds and in prolonged contact with nature.The second exercise aims to increase students’ ability to get the gist of a passage. Teachers may play the recording twice and ask students to write down complete answers.Task 8 Collecting badgesS criptJournalist: Er…roughly, when did you begin collecting badges?Simpson: At my primary school, I think. The teachers used to give out badges to pupils who were particularly good at certain things. So I got a little blue badge with the word “swimming”on it, and then another one I remember—it was green—which had the word “tidy” on it!Ha!Journalist: And have you still got those badges in your collection?Simpson: No…well,I’ve got the swimming badge, but I think I was so untidy that I must have lost the tidy badge years ago!Journalist: And you started collecting badges, then, from what, the age of about nine? Simpson: Er, yeah, I guess so…eight or nine or so. That’s right. In those days—we’re talking about the early 50s—there weren’t as many cars around as there are today. So filling stationsdidn’t have as many customers. So the petrol companies used to give out badges. Isuppose they thought that kids whose parents had a car would keep asking them to go toa particular filling station so that they could get another free badge. My dad bought ourfirst car in 1956—I think it was a black Ford Popular—and every time I went out withhim in it I used to ask him to go to a different petrol station so that I could add more tomy growing badge collection. Actually, he was a very shy man, my father, and I’m sure hedidn’t like asking for free things.Journalist: So petrol company badges were the first ones in your collection, were they? Simpson: After “swimming” and “tidy,” yeah. But soon all sorts of companies started making badges to advertise their products, even cigarette companies. I’ve got one in mycollection for Wills Woodbines—they were the cheapest cigarettes in those days—andon the badge, at the bottom, it says, “Smoked by Millions”—no health warnings in thosedays.Key1.Listen to the interview and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1)Which of the following statements correctly describes the first two badges the intervieweecollected? (D)A.One was green and one was b rown.B.One was for swimming and one was for being untidy.C.They were collected when he was in junior high.D.He has still got the one for s wimming.2)Where did he get his badges after the first two badges? (A)A.From petrol stations.B.From car salesmen.C.From his father.D.He bought them.3)What is NOT true about the badges given out by cigarette companies? (B)A.They were a means of advertisement.B.Sometimes there might be things like “smoking harms health” written on the bottom of abadge.C.The interviewee has still got one of t hem.panies producing cheap cigarettes also gave out such badges.2.Decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the recording.[F] 1) The man’s father gave him warm support during his first years of badge collecting.[F] 2) Petrol stations had their advertisements printed on the badges.When they have finished listening, students can be asked to retell the interviewee’s experience, changing the dialogue form into a narrative f orm.Task 9 BackgammonS criptEver played backgammon? It’s a board game for only two people. Game pieces are moved around the board by a roll of the dice. In order to win you must remove all of your game pieces from the board. While the dice add randomness to the game, decisions on moving the pieces around the board allow the player to consider different strategies. After the dice are rolled, the player must decide which pieces to move where and plan for counter-attacks from their opponent.Surprisingly, backgammon dates back to nearly 3000 BC. The Egyptians and Romans both played board games very similar to backgammon. Then, much later, from 1100 to 1600, the French and English began enjoying this favorite pastime. In the early 1900s, in New York, the doubling cube was introduced to backgammon. The cube required players not only to select the best move in a given position, but also to estimate the probability of winning from that position, transforming backgammon into the value-driven game one would expect to be played in the 20th and 21st centuries. Now, in the 21st century, you can play backgammon online, which can be a great addition to playing at home with friends.Key1.Listen to the recording for the details and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F).[F] 1) Backgammon is a board game for four people.[F] 2) One must remove all of his or her opponent’s game pieces from the board in order to win.[T] 3) Both playing online and playing with friends at home are good choices.2.Listen again for numbers and Key nouns and fill in the blanks.Backgammon dates back to nearly 3000 BC. The Egyptians and Romans both played board games very similar to backgammon. Then, much later, from 1100 to 1600, the French and English began enjoying this favorite pastime. In the early 1900s, in New York, the doubling cube was introduced to backgammon. Thus, backgammon was transformed into the value-driven game one would expect to be played in the 20th and 21st centuries. Now, in the 21st century, you can play backgammon online.This task can be used to help students improve their ability to hear and remember Key numbers (such as dates) and Key nouns (such as proper nouns).Task 10 HobbiesS criptHobbies differ from person to person. There are as many hobbies as there are men and women in the world. Tastes differ and so do hobbies. Someone may have stamp collecting as his or her hobby, while another may find pleasure in reading books. Stamp collecting, coin collecting, photography, swimming, gardening, kite-flying, etc. are a few common hobbies.A hobby is an activity that is carried on in leisure time. It is a means of recreation and not of earning money. Any activity that is carried on for the sake of earning money ceases to be a source of pleasure. It becomes tiresome.Teachers can help students practice noting down a list of nouns, which may be a challenge for some students.。
现代大学英语第一册教案unit3
现代⼤学英语第⼀册教案unit3Lesson Three Message of the LandI. Teaching ObjectivesExplain the style of interviews;Make the students re-think the changes in social values, attitudes, and life styles with the development of industrialization;Explain two word-formation skills:○a Noun/V+ …ful Adj○b…Un?+ Adj AntonymIntroduce some cultural differences in translation to arouse the students? awareness of these phenomena;II. Teaching Process2.1I ntroduction to the TextThis text is different from the previous two, which are both stories. Our present text is an essay in a very broad sense of the word, for it was written down by the writer who interviewed a farmer and his wife. Since the end of World War II it has become popular for writers to interview people, record what they say and, after some, not too much, editing, publish these people?s stories in book form.The style of such “writing” is colloquial. The language is straightforward. The sentences are generally short. When we read the text, we feel as if we were sitting face to face with the couple, listening to their stories and experiences, sharing joys and sorrows.Do you know what these nicknames refer to?Land of the Rising Sun Land of the Rose Land of the Shamrock Land of Cakes Land of Golden Fleece Land of Thistle Land of the stars and stripesShamrock [′??mr ?k] 三叶草(爱尔兰的国花)Fleece ⽺⽑Thistle [′θ?s ?l] 苏格兰的国徽stripe[stra ?p] 条纹AuthorPira Sudham is considered Thailand's leading English language writer, who was nominated 提名 for the 1990 Nobel Prize for Literature. His literary works are concerned with social-economic-political changes occurring in Thailand. Widely read and highly acclaimed, his books have given an expedient voice to the poor and the voiceless.Bangkok, population 8,538,610 (1990), is the capital and largest city of Thailand. The city is located on the east bank of the Chao Phraya River, near the Gulf of Thailand. Bangkok is one of the fastest-growing, most economically dynamic and socially progressive cities in Southeast Asia. It is also one of the world's most popular tourist destinations. Bangkok is the economic center of Thailand.The city contains many Buddhist 佛教temples. Buddhism Scotland Japan U.S.A Ireland England Australiais Thailand's main religion. 94% of Thai people are Buddhist. The other are Muslim, Catholic罗马天主教的or Chinese. Monks are more suited to reach enlightenment because they follow a strict way of life far from material attachment. Their life is based on 227 monastic rules and 5 major precepts, i.e. no sex, no lies, no robbery, no alcohol, no killing.In a temple, some men have been monks for decades but there are also some men who became monk only a short time ago. They do it in order to bring merit to their parents ("THAM BUN"). A boy is not a man if he hasn't been a monk once in his life. Even the King of Thailand Rama 9had been a monk for one month. In old days this period was three months. Now it can be only a few weeks or a few days. Some families still refuse to marry their daughter if the future husband hasn't ever been amonk. It means that he isn't ripe enough.In a bus, seats in the back are reserved to monks. If a woman is sitting there, she should leave because a woman cannot touch a monk.2.2 Main Parts of Text APart One (P1 to P7): This part is the wife?s attitudes, and can be further divided into two small sections. Section One, from Paragraph 1 to Paragraph 3, mainly tells us about her family members and how their children left. Section Two, from Paragraph 4 to Paragraph 7, deals with the changes that the wife cannot adjust to.Part Two (P8 to P11): This part is the husband?s views. The man?s speech is shorter but touches something deeper --- what he thinks are the roots of all evils. He also tells us what joys he finds in life and in farming.2.3 Detailed Discussion of the Textto belong to sb: to be owned by sb.eg: Who does the Mobil phone belong to?It was I who stayed with my parents till they died.(1)Learn how to use the emphatic form “it is/was…that/who…”Eg. It was my sister who went to teach in a village school upon graduation.My husband moved into our house as is the way with usin Esarn. (1)(When we got married) my husband came to live in our house. It was the tradition here in Esarn that the bridegroom新郎should come to live with the bride?s family.Q: how is the custom in Esarn different from Chinese tradition?In traditional Chinese families, usually it is the daughter who will leave her parents after getting married and move into the husband?s family. Therefore, traditionally, daughters have no rights to inherit the property of their parents? family. In Esarn, it seems to be the opposite.“as” in a relative clauseAs is known to all, China first created the use of compass.( as – subject of the clause)In a bus, seats in the back are reserved to monks. If a woman is sitting there, she should leave because a woman cannot touch a monk.infancyn. a. early childhood婴⼉期b. early stage of development or growth初期，摇篮期In the past, many children died in infancy.基因的；遗传的;Genetic engineering is still in its infancy.a. infantile[′?nf(?)nt??l] 婴⼉的，幼⼉的n. infant幼⼉；婴⼉In the past, many children died in infancy.The rest, two boys and two girls, went away (1)Our other children –two boys and two girls left as soon as we had the money to buy them jeans.“to buy jeans for them”在这⾥具有⼀种象征意义，象征着孩⼦们刚⼀长⼤，条件刚⼀允许，他们就⽴即离开了家。
Unit3 Message of the Land现代大学英语精读1[优质PPT]
![Unit3 Message of the Land现代大学英语精读1[优质PPT]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/d30434a0f8c75fbfc77db262.png)
Bangkok
Bangkok is the economic center of Thailand. Tourism is a major source of
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Thai Buddhism
Buddhism is Thailand's main religion. 94% of Thai people are Buddhist. Buddhism is linked with the historical Indian prince, Siddharta Gautama （ 释 迦 牟 尼 ） , who became the Buddha and reached the enlightenment. Now his teachings are still followed. His teachings say that people suffer because they are attached to material things, to women or men by heart links. These links cause suffer, jealousy and pain. People are never satisfied, i.e. they want more money, more power. The aim of Buddhism is to get rid of these pains and of these links.
现代大学英语 Unit 3 message of the land
IV. Monks in Thailand
Lesson 3 - Message of the Land
I.
Author
Pira Sudham was born in a poor family in 1942 in rural Esarn. He spent his childhood in the rice fields on the Korat Plateau, helping his parents and tending a herd of buffaloes until he went to Bangkok at the age of fourteen to be a servant to monks in a Buddhist temple where he was also admitted to a school. To support himself through high school and the first year at the Faculty of Arts Chulalongkorn University, he sold souvenirs to tourists until he won a New Zealand government scholarship to study English literature at Auckland University and later at Victoria University, Wellington.
Lesson Three
Message of the land
Pira Sudham
Book 1
Teaching Procedures
1 2 3
Warm-up Background information
Unit_Three
Paragraph 1
catch: attack; entrap E.g.: The wind caught the sails. 风吹袭帆
篷。
We got caught in a downpour. 我们被大
雨淋着了。
Sorrow caught the bereaved mother.
I. Library Work
Beethoven’s compositions were written in the classical forms established by his predecessors Mozart and Haydn, so he is sometimes considered the last great composer in the classical tradition. But he also remolded and expanded the old forms and infused them with a highly personal intensity of emotion, so he is also referred to as the first of the Romantics.
I. Library Work
4. The Nazis: Nazism is a political doctrine of racial supremacy, nationalism, and dictatorship. Nazi is an abbreviated form of the German words for National Socialism. It was Adolf Hitler, a member of National Socialist German Workers’ Party, who developed the program for Nazism in his book Mein Kampf
现代大学英语精读(1)Unit3课文
现代大学英语精读(1)U n i t3课文-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1Lesson ThreeTEXT AMessage of the Land Pira SudhamPre-class Work IRead the text once for the main idea. Do not refer to the notes dictionaries or the glossary yet.Yes, these are our rice fields. They belonged to my parents and forefathers. The land is morethan three centuries old. I'm the o nly daughter in our family and it was I who stayed with myparents till they died. My three brothers moved out to their wives' h ouses when they gotmarried. My husband moved into our house as is the way with us in Esarn. I was then eighteenand he was nineteen. He gave me six children. Two died in infancy from sickness. The rest, twoboys and two girls, went away as soon as we could afford to buy jeans for them. Our oldestson got a job as a gardener in a rich man's home in Bangkok but later an employ ment agencysent him to a foreign land to work. My other son also went far away.One of our daughters is working in a textile factory in Bangkok, and the other has a job in astore. They come home to see us no w and then, stay a few days, and then they are off again.Often they send some money to us and tell us that they are doing well.I know this is notalways true. Sometimes, they get bullied and insulted, and it is like a knife piercing my heart. It'seasier for my husband. He has ears which don't hear, a mouth which doesn't speak, and eyesthat don't see. He has always been patient and s ilent, minding his own life.All of them remain my children in spite of their long absence. Maybe it's fate that sent themaway from us. Our piece of land is s mall, and it is no longer fertile, bleeding year after yearand, like us, getting old and exhausted. Still my husband and I work on t his land. The soil is notdifficult to till when there is a lot of rain, but in a bad year, it's not only the ploughs that breakbut our he arts, too.No, we two haven't changed much, but the village has. In what way? Only ten years ago, youcould barter for things, but now it' s all cash. Years ago, you could ask your neighbors to helpbuild your house, reap the rice or dig a well. Now they'll do it only if y ou have money to paythem. Plastic things replace village crafts. Men used to make things with fine bamboo pieces,but no long er. Plastic bags litter the village. Shops have sprung up, filled with colorful plastic things and goods we have no use for. The youn g go away to towns and cities leaving us oldpeople to work on the land. They think differently, I know, saying that the old are ol d-fashioned. All my life, I have never had to go to a hairdresser, or to paint my lips or nails. These rough fingers and toes are for w orking in the mud of our rice fields, not for looking pretty. Nowyoung girls put on jeans, and look like boys and they think it is fa shionable. Why, they are willing to sell their pig or water buffalo just to be able to buy a pair of jeans. In my day, if Iwere to put on a pair of trousers like they do now, lightning would strike me.I know, times have changed, but certain things should not change. We should offer food tothe monks every day, go to the temp le regularly. Young people tend to leave these things toold people now, and that's a shame.Why, only the other day I heard a boy shout and scream at his mother. If that kind of thinghad happened when I was young, th e whole village would have condemned such an ungratefulson, and his father would surely have given him a good beating.As for me, I wouldn't change, couldn't change even if I wanted to. Am I happy or unhappy This question has never occurred to me. Life simply goes on. Yes, this bag of bones dressed inrags can still plant and reap rice from morning till dusk. Disease, woun ds, hardship and scarcity have always been part of my life. I don't complain.The farmer: My wife is wrong. My eyes do see—they see more than they should. My ears dohear—they hear more than is good for me. I don't talk about what I know because I know toomuch. I know for example, greed, anger, and lust are the root of all evils.I am at peace with the land and the conditions of my life. But I feel a great pity for my wife. Ihave been forcing silence upon her all these years, yet she has not once complained ofanything.I wanted to have a lot of children and grandchildren around me but now cities and foreign landshave attracted my children awa y and it seems that none of them will ever come back to live hereagain. To whom shall I give these rice fields when I die? For hu ndreds of years this strip of landhas belonged to our family. I know every inch of it. My children grew up on it, catching frogsan d mud crabs and gathering flowers. Still the land could not tie them down or call them back.When each of them has a pair of je ans, they are off like birds on the wing.Fortunately, my wife is still with me, and both of us are still strong. Wounds heal over time.Sickness comes and goes, and we ge t back on our feet again. I never want to leave this land.It's nice to feel the wet earth as my fingers dig into the soil, planting rice , to hear my wifesighing,"Old man, if I die first, I shall become a cloud to protect you from the sun." It's goodto smell the scent of ripening rice in Novem ber. The soft cool breeze moves the sheaves, which ripple and shimmer like waves of gold. Yes, I love this land and I hope one of my childrencomes back one day to live, and gives me grandchildren so that I can pass on the land's secretmessages to them. Read the text a second time. Learn the new words and expressions listed below.Glossaryagencyn. 机构；代理处；这里指职业介绍所bamboon. 竹Bangkokn. 曼谷（泰国首都）barterv. to exchange goods for other goods 以货易货breezen. a light gentle windbuffalon. 美洲野牛；water ～ : 水牛bullyv. to threaten to hurt sb. who is smaller or weaker 欺负（弱小）condemnv. to express strong disapproval谴责crabn. 蟹craftn. handmade items 手工艺术（这里指手工产品）duskn. the time before it gets dark 黄昏Esarnn. a village in Thailandeviln. bad or harmful influence or effect 邪恶exhaustedadj. tired outfashionableadj. popular合时尚的；时髦的faten. 命运fertileadj. ～ land is land able to produce good crops 肥沃的；富饶的forefathersn. people (especially men) who were part of your family a long time ago 祖先frogn. 蛙gardenern. a person who takes care of a gardengreedn. a strong desire for more money, power etc. than you need 贪婪hairdressern. a person who cuts and shapes your hair in a particular style 理发师hardshipn. difficult condition of life, such as lack of money to become healthy again, to recover from awound, especially to grow new ski n 愈合infancyn. early childhood; babyhoodinsultv. to say or do sth. that is rude or act offensively to someone 侮辱jeansn. （常用复数）牛仔裤litterv. to leave (plastic bags, bits of waste paper etc.) on the ground in a public place 扔得到处都是lustn. very strong desire for sex, money or power 淫欲；金钱欲；权力欲old-fashionedadj. not fashionable老式的，过时的monkn. 和尚，僧人nailn. 指甲piercev. to make a hole through something; to ～ one's heart: to make one feet very sadreapv. to cut and gather a crop such as rice or wheat收割replacev. to take the place of 替代ripenadj. mature成熟的ripplev. to move in very small waves 在微风中摆动scarcityn. a lack; not having enough, especially foodscentn. a pleasant smellsheavesn. (sheaf 的复数), measure of quantity in farming 捆，束shimmerv. to shine with a soft trembling light 发微光，闪烁sicknessn. illnesssighv. 叹息stripn. a narrow piece of 细长片templen. a place for the worship of a god or gods 寺庙，庙宇tendv. If sth. ～ s to happen, it means that it is likely to happen quite often, especially sth. bad or unpleasanttextilen. any material made by weaving 纺织品ungratefuladj. not showing thankswoundn. injury 伤口；（感情上的）痛苦TEXT BThe Son from America lsaac Bashevis SingerLsaac Bashevis Singer (1904—1991) was born in a Jewish village in Poland. In 1935 heimmigrated to New York.Singer wrote many stories and novels, as well as books for juveniles and four autobiographies(including Lost in America, 1981). In 1978 his work received world attention when he wasawarded the Noble Prize in Literature.The village of Lentshin was tiny. It was surrounded by little huts with thatchad roofs. Betweenthe huts there were fields, where the owners planted vegetables or pastured their goats.In the smallest of these huts lived old Berl, a man in his eighties, and his wife Berlcha. Old Berlwas one of the Jews driven from Russia who had settled in Poland. He was short, broad-shouldered, and had a small white beard, and in summer and winter he wore a sheepskin hat, apadded cotton jacket, and stout boots. He had a half acre of field, a cow, a goat, and chickens.The couple had a son, Samuel, who had gone to America forty years ago. It was said inLentshin that he became a millionaire the re. Every month, the Lentshin letter carrier brought oldBerl a money order and a letter that no one could read because many of the words wereEnglish. How much money Samuel sent his parents remained a secret. They never seemed touse the money. W hat for? The garden, the cow, and the goat provided most of their needs.No one cared to know where Berl kept the money that his son sent him. The hut consisted ofone room, which contained all the ir belongings: the table, the shelf for meat, the shelf for milkfoods, the two beds, and the clay oven. Sometimes the chickens ro osted in the woodshed andsometimes, when it was cold, in a coop near the oven. The goat, too, found shelter insidewhen the weather was bad. The more prosperous villagers had kerosene lamps, but Berl and hiswife did not believe in new gadgets. Only for the Sabbath would Berlcha buy candles at thestore. In summer, the couple got up at sunrise and retired with the chickens. I n the long winterevenings, Berlcha spun flax and Berl sat beside her in the silence of those who enjoy theirrest.Once in a while when Berl came home from the synagogue, he brought news to his wife. InWarsaw there were strikers who de manded that the czar abdicate. Somebody by the name ofDr. Herzl* had come up with the idea that Jews should settle again inPalestine. Berlcha listenedand shook her head. Her face was yellowish and wrinkled like a cabbage leaf. She was half deaf.Berl had to repeat each word he said to her.Here in Lentshin nothing happened except usual events: a cow gave birth to a calf, a youngcouple got married. Actually, Lentshi n had become a village with few young people. The youngmen left for Zakroczym, for Warsaw, and sometimes for the United St ates. Like Samuel, theysent letters and photographs in which the men wore top hats and the women fancy dresses.Berl and Berlcha also received such photographs. But their eyes were failing and neither he norshe had glasses. They could bare ly make out the pictures. Samuel had sons and daughters—and grandchildren. Their names were so strange that Berl and Berlcha could never rememberthem. But what difference do na mes make? America was on the other side of the ocean, at theedge of the world. A talmud* teacher who came to Lentshin had said that Americans walkedwith their heads down and their feet up. Berl and Berlcha could not grasp this. How was itpossible? But since the teacher said so it must be true.One Friday morning, when Berlcha was kneading the dough for the Sabbath loaves, the dooropened and a nobleman entered. He was so tall that he had to bend down to get through thedoor. He was followed by the coachman who carried two leather sui tcases. In astonishment Berlcha raised her eyes.The nobleman looked around and said to the coachman in Yiddish,"Here it is." He took out asilver ruble and paid him. Then he said, "You can go now."When the coachman closed the door, the nobleman said, "Mother, it's me, your son Samuel-Sam."Berlcha heard the words and her legs grew numb. The nobleman hugged her, kissed herforehead, both her cheeks, and Berlcha began to cackle like a hen,"My son!" At that momentBerl came in from the woodshed, his arms piled with logs. The goat followed him. When he sawa no bleman kissing his wife, Berl dropped the wood and exclaimed, "What is this"The nobleman let go of Berlcha and embraced Berl. "Father! "For a long time Berl was unable to utter a sound. Then he asked, "Are you Samuel""Yes, Father, I am Samuel. ""Well, peace be with you." Berl grasped his son's hand. He was still not sure that he was notbeing fooled. Samuel wasn't as tall and heavy as this man, bu t then Berl reminded himself thatSamuel was only fifteen years old when he had left home. Berl asked,"Why didn't you let usknow that you were coming""Didn't you receive my cable"Samuel asked.Berl did not know what a cable was.Berlcha had scraped the dough from her hands and enfolded her son."I never thought I could live to see this. Now, I am happy to die," Berlcha said. Berl wasamazed. These were just the words he c ould have said earlier. After a while Berl came to himselfand said,"Pescha, you will have to make a double Sabbath pudding in addition to the stew."It was years since Berl had called Berlcha by her given name. Only now did Berlcha begin to cry.Yellow tears ran from her eyes, and everything became dim. Then she called out, "It's Friday—Ihave to prepare for the Sabbath." Yes, she had to knead the dough for the loaves. With such aguest, she had to make a larger S abbath stew. The winter day is short and she must hurry.Her son understood what was worrying her, because he said, "Mother, I will help you."The nobleman took off his jacket and remained in his vest, on which hung a solidgold-watchchain. H rolled up his sleeves. "Mother, I was a baker for many years in New York," he said, andhe began to knead the dough.Berlcha wept for joy. Her strength left her, and she slumped onto the bed.Berl said,"Women will always be women." And he went to the shed to get more wood. Thegoat sat down near the oven; she gazed with surprise at this strange man.The neighbors had heard the good news that Berl's son had arrived from America and theycame to greet him. The women bega n to help Berlcha prepare for the Sabbath. Some laughed,some cried. The room was full of people, as at a wedding. After Berlch a lit the candles, fatherand son went to the little synagogue across the street. A new snow had fallen. The son tooklarge steps, but Berl warned him, "Slow down."In the synagogue the Jews sang their prayers. All the time, the snow outside kept falling. WhenBerl and Samuel left the Holy Pla ce, the village was unrecognizable. Everything was covered insnow. One could see only the contours of the roofs and the candle s in the windows. Samuelsaid, "Nothing has changed here."Berlcha had prepared fish, chicken soup with rice, meat, carrot stew. The family ate and drank,and when it grew quiet for a whi le one could hear the chirping of the house cricket.After the final prayer Samuel asked, "Father, what did you do with all the money I sent you"Berl raised his white brows. "It's here.""Didn't you put it in a bank""There is no bank in Lentshin.""Where do you keep it"Berl hesitated. "One is not allowed to touch money on the Sabbath, but I will show you."Hecrouched beside the bed and began to shove something heavy. A boot appeared. Its top wasstuffed with straw. Berl remov ed the straw and the son saw that the boot was full of goldcoins. He lifted it."Father, this is a treasure!" he called out."Well.""Why didn't you spend it""On what? Thank God, we have everything.""Why didn't you travel somewhere""Where to? This is our home."The son asked one question after the other, but Berl's answer was always the same: They hadeverything. The garden, the cow, the goat, the chickens provided them with all they needed.The son said,"If thieves knew about this, your lives wouldn't be safe.""There are no thieves here.""What will happen to the money""You take it."Slowly, Berl and Berlcha grew accustomed to their son and his American Yiddish. Berlcha couldhear him better now. She even r ecognized his voice. He was saying, "Perhaps we should build alarger synagogue.""The synagogue is big enough," Berl replied."Perhaps a home for old people.""No one sleeps in the street."The next day after the Sabbath meal was eaten, Berl and Berlcha lay down for a nap. They soonbegan to snore. The goat, too, d ozed off. The son put on his cloak and his hat and went for awalk. He strode with his long legs across the marketplace. He stretc hed out a hand and touched a roof. He had a desire to talk to someone, but it seemed that the whole of Lentshinwas asleep. Samuel returned home. Dusk had fallen. Berl went to the synagogue for the evening prayersand the son remained with his mot her.In the twilight Samuel put his hand into his jacket pocket and touched his checkbook, hisletters of credit. He had come here wit h big plans. He had a suitcase filled with presents for hisparents. He wanted to help the village. He brought not only his own mo ney but funds from theLentshin Society in New York. But this village needed nothing. From the synagogue one couldhear peopl e chanting. The cricket, silent all day, started again its chirping. Berlcha began to sway and utter holy rhymes inherited from mo thers and grandmothers.Notes:Dr. Herzl: Theordore Herzl (1860—1904), the founder of ZionismTalmud: the collection of rabbinic writings that constitute the basis of traditional Judaism。
现代大学英语口语(1)Unit Two
是英格兰南部威尔特 郡且有中世纪风貌的 小城 ，1981年人口 35,000；以13世纪的 大教堂闻名，大教堂 的尖顶高达123米， 即404英尺，是英格 兰最高尖顶；其教区 通称塞勒姆，塞勒姆 是该城的旧名。城外 不远的原野上耸立着 著名的史前巨石柱。
Basic Knowledge
Weather: mild（温暖的）/ cool（凉爽的）/ damp（潮湿的）/ icy cold（阴冷的）/ humid（湿热的）/ foggy(多雾的) / pleasant, comfortable(宜人的)/it is neither too hot in summer nor too cold in winter(冬暖夏凉)…
Anecdotes of Local custom
Among 54 minority groups of China, 25of them live in Yunnan Province. Due to such diversity, colorful cultures of different minority groups can be seen hither and thither. Only to name some famous ones: Peacock Dance of Dai, Dongba Character of Naxi, gourd-shape flute and so on. Here comes a PPT. to show some local custom.
• key words:
mountainous city; countless steps; city of fog(Chongqing, London, Edingburg, Tokyo, San Francisco, Ankara) ; mixture of classic and modern times; spicy food; Three Gorges Dam... (to be continued)
Unit3ADillPickle教案（综英一）
Unit3ADillPickle教案（综英⼀）Unit 3⼀、授课时间：第6、7周⼆．授课类型：理论课9课时；实践课3课时三．授课题⽬：A Dill Pickle四．授课时数：12五．教学⽬的和要求：通过讲授课⽂使⼤学⽣了解如何欣赏⽂学作品，学会从⼩说中⼈物的谈话、⾏为动作以及他们的感觉、态度来了解⼈物的内⼼活动和性格特征，学会读懂⼩说的⾔外之意。
要求学⽣主动地预习课⽂，课前准备练习，学会分析⽂章体裁和进⾏段落划分。
六．教学重点和难点：1）背景知识的传授：Katherine Mansfield2）⽂章的体裁分析及段落划分；3）语⾔点的理解：Word study: prefix+root (press)Grammar Focus: 1)what 引导的感叹句2)how 引导的感叹句3)其他形式的感叹句七．教学基本内容和纲要Part One Warm – up1.1 DictationKatherine Mansfield (1888—1923), British short-story writer, was born in Wellington, New Zealand. She is considered one of the greatest masters of the short-story form. At the age of 18 she settled in London to study music and to establish herself as a writer. In 1918 she married English literary critic ，John Middleton Murry.Mansfield's middle class provided the setting for many of her stories and mortality—perhaps due to her illness—dominated her writing. Her background years were burdened with loneliness , illness, jealousy and alienation —all reflected from her work in the bitter depiction of marital and family relationships of her middle-class characters.1.2 Poem AppreciationC a m o m i l e T e a——by Katherine Mansfield1.3 Objectives1.Understand the story: theme & character.2.Appreciate literature:read between the lines;read the story from a particular perspective: feminism;interpret the symbols.3. Learn to describe a scene or object with accuracy: verbs.Part Two Background Information2.1 Author Katherine Mansfield2.2 Her Works2.3 Her style2.4 A Dill PicklePart Three Text Appreciation3.1 Text Analysis3.1.1 Theme of the text3.1.2 Structure of the text3.2 Writing Technique3.2.1 modernism, symbolism and feminism3.2.2 simile and metaphor3.2.3 contrast3.3 Sentence Paraphrase.Part Four Language Study4.1 Phrases and Expressions4.1.1 Word list:4.1.2 Phrases and expressions list:4.1.3 Word Building4.2 Grammar4.2.1 Reflective Verb4.2.2 Reflective PronounPart Five Extension5.1 Group discussion5.2 Translation⼋、教学⽅法和措施本单元将运⽤⿊板、粉笔、多媒体⽹络辅助教学设备等教学⼿段，主要采⽤以学⽣为主体、教师为主导的任务型、合作型等教学模式，具体运⽤教师讲授法、师⽣讨论、⽣⽣讨论等⽅法进⾏教学。
外研社现代大学英语听力一(Unit1-2)原文
Unit 11.Okay, okay, let’s begin. Hello, everyone. My name’s Susan Hudson and I’ll be your teacher for this class, Intercultural Communication.Uh, to begin with, please take a look at the syllabus in front of you. As you all should know by now, this class meets on Tuesdays from 3:15 to 4:50. We will be meeting in this room for the first half of the course, but we will be using the research lab every other week on Thursday in Room 405 during the last two months of the class.Uh, this is the text for the class, Beyond Language. Unfortunately, the books haven’t come in yet, but I was told that you should be able to purchase them at the bookstore the day after tomorrow. Again, as you see on your course outline, grading is determined by your performance on a midterm and final test, periodic quizzes, uh, a research project, and classroom participation.My office hours are from 1:00 to 2:00 on Wednesdays, and you can set up an appointment to meet with me at other times as well.2.Librarian: Can I help you?Student: Yes. I am a bit confused. My sociology class is supposed to read a chapter in a book called Sociology and the Modern Age. According to the syllabus,the book is in the library, but I haven’t been able to find it.Librarian: Do you have your syllabus with you? May I see it?Student: Yes, uh...I put it in the front of my sociology notebook. Yes, here it is. Librarian: Let me see. Oh yes. Your professor has placed this book on reserve. That means you cannot find it on the shelves in its usual place. You need to goto a special room called the reserve room. It’s down the hall and to theright.Student: I’m sorry—I still don’t understand what you mea n by on reserve. Librarian: You see, your professor wants everyone in the class to read the chapter. If one student removes the book from the library, it is likely that none of theother students will have the opportunity to read it. So, your professor hasinsured that all students have the opportunity to read it by placing it onreserve.Student: So, will I be able to find this book?Librarian: Yes, when a book is on reserve, a student can go to the reserve room and ask the reserve librarian for the book. The student can have the book for afew hours, and he or she MUST read it in the library during that time. Thatway, the book stays in the library, and all students have a chance to read it. Student: OK. Thank you. I understand now.Librarian: Will there be anything else?Student: No! I am on my way to the reserve room. Thanks again!3.Hello and welcome to the university library. This taped tour will introduce you to our library facilities and operating hours.First of all, the library’s collection of books, reference materials, and otherresources are found on levels one to four of this building. Level one houses our humanities and map collections. On level two, you will find our circulation desk, current periodicals and journals, and our copy facilities. Our science and engineering sections can be found on level three. You can also find back issues of periodicals and journals older than six months on this level. Finally, group study rooms, our microfilm collection, and the multimedia center are located on level four.Undergraduate students can check out up to five books for two weeks. Graduate students can check out fifteen books for two months. Books can be renewed up to two times. There is a 50-cents-a-day late fee for overdue books up to a maximum of $15. Periodicals and reference books cannot be checked out.The library is open weekdays, 8:00 am to 10:00 pm, and on Saturdays from 9:00 am to 8:30 pm. The library is closed on Sundays.4.Randall: Hi Faith. Do you have a minute?Faith: Sure. What’s up?Randall: Well, I just wanted to go over the schedule for Wednesday’s orientation meeting to make sure everything is ready.Faith: Okay. Here’s a copy of the tentative schedule. [Okay.] Now, the registration starts at 8:30 and goes until 9:15. [All right.] Then, the orientation meeting will commence at 9:30.Randall: Okay. Now, we had planned originally for the meeting to go until 10:30, but now we have someone from the international center coming to speak to thestudents on extracurricular activities, so how about ending the meetingaround 11?Faith: Fine. And, uh, then students will take the placement tests from 11:15 until noon [OK.], followed by 20-minute break before lunch. [OK.] And, immediately after lunch, we have reserved a campus shuttle to give students a 45-minute tour starting at 1:30. [Oh. OK.] We want to show students around the university, including the union building, the library, and the student services building.Randall: Great. Now, how about the oral interviews?Faith: Well, we’re planning to start them at 2:15.Randall: Uh, well, teachers are going to be up to their ears in preparations, and they’ll be hard pressed to start then.Faith: Ok, let’s get things rolling around 2:45.Randall: Ok, here, let me jot that down. Uh, could you grab a pen off my desk? Faith: Right. Finding anything on your desk is like finding a needle in a haystack.[Oh, it’s not that bad.] Here, use mine.Randall: OK. And we’ll need 150 copies of this program guide by then.Faith: Hey. That’s a tall order on such short notice! How about lending me a hand to put things together [OK.] by this afternoon so we don’t have to worry about them?Randall: OK. And I think the manager has given the green light to go ahead and use the more expensive paper and binding for the guides this time.Faith: OK. So the interviews will go from 2:45 until, let’s say, 4:30. [OK.] I hopewe can wrap things up by 5.Randall: Great. I think the bottom line is to keep things running smoothly throughout the day.Faith: I agree. I’ll pass this schedule by the director for a final look5.Receptionist: Good morning. Can I help you?Student: Yes, please. I would want to have some information about the…erm…the courses at Swan School.Recep tionist: Is that a summer course you’re interested in?Student: Yes. Yes, please.Receptionist: Yes. Fine. OK. Well, we have…erm…short intensive full-time courses during the summer.Student: Mm-mm. I would want to know the length of one course. Receptionist: Yes. Each course lasts for three weeks.Student: How many hours per week, please?Receptionist: Well, it’s about 23 hours a week. Usually four and a half days each week.Student: You must have a lot of students in the c lass, haven’t you? Receptionist: We have a lot of students in the school but in the classes only about between 12 and 14 students.Student: 12 and 14. Could you please give me the dates of the first and the second course?Receptionist: Yes, certainly. The first course begins on the 3rd of July and lasts until the 20th of July and the second course is from the24th of July until the 10th of August.Student: What about the fees per course?Receptionist: Yes, each…each course costs ￡150 plus V AT, which is 15 percent, anda ￡5 registration fee.Student: And deposit, please?Receptionist: Yes. For each course we need a deposit of ￡20 and the ￡5 registration fee.Student: Oh thank you. Do we have to find our…our own accommodation? Receptionist: No, we can do that for you. We have a lady who arranges the accommodation for you with Oxford families.Student: How much does it cost?Receptionist: Well, you can choose to have bed and break fast only which is ￡20 a week, or bed, breakfast and dinner which is about ￡27 a week.Student: ￡27. Thank you very much.Receptionist: You’re welcome.6.Every year, high school juniors and seniors from across the US take the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT 1).The SAT 1 is a three-hour exam that tests students’ math and verbal skills. Most universities will not accept students without this test. It is also used to help decide how much financial aid should be given to each student.Scores range from 200 to 800 for each part. There is a total of 1,600 points. Thetest is held every year from October to June. But seniors must take it before December in order to include their scores in their university applications. The average total score for an American high school student is around 1,000.A poor SAT score can prevent a student from going to a good university. Students who want to go to one of America’s best universities, such as Harvard or Yale, must score between 1,430 and 1,600.The test can be taken over and over again, but all the scores will appear on the students’ records. However, unlike Chinese universities, the score is not the only thing needed. American universities also look at a student’s subject gra des, what they do outside of school, and their teachers’ recommendations.In addition to the SAT 1, some universities require high school students to take at least three SAT IIs. These one-hour exams can be taken in any subject, for example chemistry or French.7.Japanese students need 12 years of study before entering universities.They choose the places they want to go and apply before January of their final year. The university entrance exam is a standard nationwide test held every year in January. It provides tests for 31 subjects in six subject areas: Japanese language, geography and history, civics, math, science and a foreign language. All national and public universities, as well as some private ones make use of this exam. But many places also have their own tests in February or later, before the new school year starts in April.In order to pass the exam for the best universities such as the National University of Tokyo, many students attend special preparation schools on top of their regular classes. These extra schools can last for one to two years between high school and university.Although every student has the chance of going to a Japanese university, only 50 percent of high school seniors actually choose further study.8.The School was opened in 1955 and is part of a non-profit-making educational foundation. Its 200 students, from 30-40 countries, work in large, attractive buildings set in extensive, beautiful gardens, within easy reach of the centre of Cambridge, The School has dining rooms, a library, video filming studio, language laboratories, listening and self-access study centres, computers, as well as facilities for tennis, table tennis, volleyball, basketball, badminton and football.General English classes are for students aged 17+. Complete beginners are not accepted. Students have classes for 21 hours a week. Other subjects available within the General English timetable include English for Business and English Literature. The cost of tuition, materials and books per term is ￡1,130. Accommodation is with local families. Lunch is provided in the School Monday to Friday. All other meals are taken with the family. There is a full range of social activities including excursions, discos and theatre-visits. The total cost of all non-tuition services is ￡670 per term. There are 3 terms of 10 weeks and summer courses of 9 weeks and 3 1/2 weeks.9.This school has a capacity of 220 students. It occupies a 19th century building in a quiet tree- filled square close to Victoria Station in central London.General courses, either in the mornings or afternoons, comprise 15 50-minuteperiods per week. We cater for a wide range of classes from beginners to advanced, enabling us to place students at the level indicated by the special entry test which all students take. There are usually no more than 14 students in a class. In addition to the 15 lessons, there are daily individual laboratory sessions and lectures on life in Britain at no extra costThere are 8 classrooms, a multi-media learning centre, language laboratory, video, computer, lecture hall, canteen. We are open from January to December for courses of 3 to 14 weeks. There is a special 2-week Easter Course and Refresher Courses for overseas teachers of English in summer. Fees are approximately￡46 per week for general courses. Accommodation can be arranged with selected families with half board. There is a full social programme and regular excursions.10.This school, founded in 1953, is a non-profit making Charitable Trust. Situated in residential North Oxford, 3 km from the city centre, the College occupies a complex of purpose-built blocks and 14 large Victorian houses providing academic and residential accommodation. Facilities include an excellent library, video room, language laboratories, computer room, science laboratories, assembly hall and coffee bar.A particular benefit for the EFL student is the opportunity to live and study with native English speakers taking the two-year International Baccalaureate course, or courses at university level.All students are encouraged to participate in social and extracurricular activities including sports, horse riding, drama, art, crafts, photography, films, concerts and excursions.Academic Year Courses (21 hours per week) leading to all principal EFL examinations, concentrate on language with selected studies in Literature, Politics, History, Art History, and Computing. Most students live in college houses each supervised by a resident warden, but some prefer family accommodation.Unit 21. 1) They live in Africa and India. They have four legs and a tail. They are very big and very strong. They are intelligent, too. They have a trunk and some of them have tusks. They sometimes live for 70 years.2) They live in Africa and Asia. They are brown. They have arms and legs, but they don’t have a tail. Their arms are very long and they have big ears. They are good climbers. They are very intelligent, too.3) They live in Africa. They are very tall. They have four legs, a tail and a very long neck. They eat leaves and twigs. They can run very fast. They are brown and white.4) They live in very cold countries. They have wings, but they can’t fly. They are good swimmers. They eat fish. They are blue and white or black and white.5) They live in Australia. They are red or gray. They have short front legs, long back legs and a very long tail. The back legs and the tail are very strong. They can run very fast. The females carry their young in a pouch.6) They live in Africa. They have four legs and a tail. They have a beautiful coat withblack and white or brown and white stripes. They eat grass and plants.7) They live in very cold countries. They have four legs. They are very big and very strong. They have a white coat. They can swim. They eat seals and fish.2. The fastest animal on land is the cheetah. It can run at a speed of about 100 kilometres an hour. The fastest bird in the world can fly at 170 km/h, and the fastest fish can swim at more than 100 km/h.Human beings are not very fast. The fastest man in the world can only run at about 40 km/h.Many animals can run faster than this. But most animals run on four legs. Four legs are better than two, aren’t they? Why do we onl y have two legs?Scientists say that we are more intelligent than other animals because we stand on two legs, so we can use our hands for other things. We can pick things up with them. We can use tools. Human beings have used tools for millions of years. That is why our brains have developed. That is why we have become the most intelligent animals in the world.In the past few years, we have made all kinds of machines. We have made cars, ships, aeroplanes and spacecraft. In these machines we can travel faster than any animal—by land, by sea, or by air. We can even go to the moon. No other animal has ever done that!3. A: You know, we’re studying dinosaurs in science class.It’s really interesting.B: Oh, yeah? Hey, have you learned why the dinosaurs disappeared?A: Well, no one knows for sure.B: I thought it had something to do with the climate. The temperature might have gotten cooler and killed them off.A: Yeah, that’s one theory. Another idea is that they may have run out of food.B: Uh-huh. And you know, there’s even a theory that they could have been destroyed by aliens from outer space.A: That sounds crazy to me!4. For the shortest life, the first prize must go to the mayfly, which typically lives only a matter of a few hours after it emerges from its shell. Few mayflies live to see the sun rise again. These creatures devote their whole lives to a single desperate mission: finding a mate and producing young. They don’t even have functional mouths and stomachs. They simply have no time to eat. In fact they have no time for anything else.The record-holder for the longest life may be the Arctic clam, one of which lived quietly underwater for 220 years. However it did not have any birth certificate to prove this. One could only judge by its growth rings.If you insist on better documentation, the oldest animal ever was probably a tortoise that died in 1918. It had been captured already full-grown in 1766, nine years before the American Revolution began and it died 152 years later as World War I came to a close5. Every year about 17 million animals are used in Laboratory experiments. But in many countries today, a difficult question is being asked: Do we have the right to use animals in this way?People who are for using animals in research argue that the use of animals in medical research has many practical benefits. Animal research has enabled researchers to develop treatments for many diseases, such as heart disease and depression. It would not have been possible to develop vaccines for diseases like smallpox and polio without animal research. Every drug anyone takes today was tried first on animals.Future medical research is dependent on the use of animals. Which is more important: the life of a rat or that of a three-year-old child?Medical research is also an excellent way of using unwanted animals. Last year, over 12 million animals had to be killed in animal shelters because no one wanted them as pets.However those who are against it point out that the fact that humans benefit cannot be used to justify using animals in research any more than it can be used to justify experimenting on other humans. Animals suffer a lot during these experiments. They are forced to live in small cages, and they may be unable to move.Much of the research that is carried out is unnecessary anyway.Animals have the same rights as humans do— to be able to move freely and not to have pain or fear forced on them. Researchers must find other ways of doing their research, using cell culture and computer modeling. There should be no animals in research laboratories at all.6. Visitors to the National Zoo in Washington D. C. can see three new young tigers. The rare babies met the public for the first time late last month. Chip O’Neal tells us about them.The mother tiger sat nearby on the grass as her babies rolled, chased and bit each other playfully. Then Korenchy also jumped into the games. Her cubs were born at the zoo four months ago. They are called Mike, Eric and Chrisy. The new young tigers at the National Zoo each weigh about 13 kilograms. Their fur is dark orange with black stripes. They eat horse meat and drink milk from Korenchy.Korenchy and her babies are Sumatran tigers. Sumatran tigers came from the Indonesian island of Sumatra. They are now in danger of disappearing from the earth. Fewer than 500 of these tigers remain in the world. That includes about 60 living in zoos in North America.Korenchy came to the National Zoo from the Jakarta Zoo in Indonesia. The girl was part of the Sumatran Tiger Species Survival Program. Korenchy has given birth to live cubs three tines. The father of her new cubs is Rokan, a Sumatran tiger who arrived two years ago from another zoo. Korenchy and Rokan had their babies the natural way instead of the scientific method often used to produce young animals in zoos.A wire fence separates Rokan from his babies. Zoo workers who care for Rokan say he reaches through the fence to wash the cubs with his tongue. They say this means he recognizes Mike, Eric and Chrisy as his cubs. However, zoo officials are hoping that Rokan will produce more cubs with another female Sumatran tiger at the zoo, so they do not want him to become too interested in this family.The National Zoo hopes to keep the Sumatran tiger cubs for at least 18 months beforesending them to other zoos. That is about the age when most tiger cubs in the wild leave their mothers. The National Zoo has placed cameras in the Sumatran tigers’ living area, so people with computers can see them. To do this, use your computer to find the National Zoo’s Website at www. /natzoo.7. An old expression says, “Man’s best friend is his dog.” Today, however, it seems that cats have replaced dogs as the most popular pets in American homes.Americans have more than 62 million pet dogs. But even more cats— more than 64 million — live in American homes.These pet cats may have long hair or short hair. They are different colors and sizes. Some are costly animals that take part in competitions. Many more are common American mixtures of several kinds of cats.Most house cats live a good life. They are not expected to work for their food. Instead, they rule their homes like furry kings and queens. They wait for their owners to serve them.Americans are increasingly serious about their cats. These concerns have made the care of cats into big business.Each year, cat owners buy tons of food especially prepared for cats. They buy toys and other equipment. They buy jewelry and clothes for themselves with images of cats on them. Some owners even bury their dead pets in special burial grounds.Humans have loved and respected cats for centuries. Scientists have evidence that cats and people lived together as long as 8000 years ago. The small house cat was once a highly honored animal. In ancient Egypt, for example, people who killed a cat could be punished by death.Early in American history cats were not treated as gods, however. They probably arrived in the United States with settlers and traders from Europe. These cats worked. They killed rats and mice.Sometimes, Americans mistreated their cats. During the early days of the nation, religious extremists believed that some cats were working for the devil. Black cats were especially suspected of being evil.Later, American families who had enough food began taking cats into their homes. People cared for the cats because the animals gave them pleasure. The cats thanked people for feeding them by making a purring sound. This pleasant noise usually means a cat is happy.Animal experts offer several reasons why cats have become so popular as house pets. They say cats need less care than dogs. And cats do not seem to suffer as much as dogs from being alone if the owners are away.Still, millions of other people do not like cats at all. They say dogs are better and more loving pets. They say cats do not have much feeling. They believe cats stay with people only to be fed. Cat owners defend their pets against such criticism. They say cats are just much more independent than dogs.A student of animal medicine explains the situation this way: dogs follow you around — they want you to talk to them and play with them a lot of the time. Cats like more space and more privacy — this does not mean they do not love their owners.。
现代大学英语Unit-3-message-of-the-land--课文详解
Lesson 3-Message of the Land
1. Your father, a proud and unbending man, refused all help that was offered him.
2. Playing football, his only interest in life, brought him many friends.
to have enough money to do
Our other children—two boys and two girls—left as soon as we had the money to buy them jeans.
go to 3
Examples
Sentence Paraphrase
土豪 横行霸道，恃强欺弱 绝妙的主意 极其丰盛的饭菜 干得好！ (受人雇佣且尤指与政治 集团有关的）流氓，打手
Translation
Word Study
Lesson 3-Message of the Land
5. insult
v. to offend someone by saying or doing
sth.
c. (fml.) to ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้rovide; give
a afford a new car b afford this high price
a afford the rent
c afford a clue to
c afford a chance c afford a pleasant shade
Sentence Paraphrase 1
My husband moved into our houses as is the way with us in Esarn. (1)
Unit03ADillPickle现代大学英语精读第三册第三单元
Part 2 (13-22) – appreciation
haunt (vt. / n.)
a haunting memory 让人魂牵梦绕的回忆
maniac (n.) [(informal) a person who has a very strong interest in a particular activity] = fanatic (n.)
He is a football maniac.(狂热追随者；球迷)
maniac (n.) [(psychology) a person suffering from mania]
maniac (n.) [a person who behaves in a uncontrolled way, not worrying about risks or danger]
Some maniac was running down the street waving a massive metal bar. (疯子；不知深浅的家伙)
to the ridiculous. (从天堂掉进地狱；从极好变为极差) Her plans were held up to ridicule.(受到公众嘲讽) You lay yourself open to ridicule wearing clothes like
that.(容易招致嘲讽)
stupid or unreasonable] (荒唐的事情) It was only later that she could see the absurdity (n.) of
《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案Unit 3
《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案乌克兰Grabovo村某处向日葵花田里，手机和电脑散落一地，在另一处地上，一本荷兰护照张开着躺在地上，地面上到处都是从天空摔下的人们的尸体，看起来就像烂抹布和烧成灰的肉块。
这就是一些当地居民和参与救援工作的人所目睹的惨象，马航17航班坠毁坠毁在一大块麦田中，碎片散落了若干英里，机上全部乘客葬身人烟稀少的乌克兰农村。
“当时太恐怖了，”当地一位独立派反抗军成员说，他的名字叫Sergei，也参与了救援工作，“我们当时都震惊了。
”Unit 3Unit 3Task 1【答案】A.1) Stress on the job costs American companies as much as $150 billion a year in lower productivity, unnecessary employee sick leave, and higher medical costs.2) The most stressful professions are those that involve danger and extreme pressure and those that carry a lot of responsibility without much control.3) The best way to deal with stress is through relaxation, but sometimes the only answer is to fight back or walk away.B.1) Three-quarters2) psychologists, doctors3) nervousness, anger, frequent illness, forgetfulness, mental problems【原文】Stress on the job costs American companies as much as $150 billion a year in lower productivity, unnecessary employee sick leave, and higher medical costs. Three-quarters of the office workers today say they suffer from stress at work. Recently, psychologists and doctors have begun to study the problem more closely. They have discovered that the most stressful professions are those that involve danger, extreme pressure and those that carry a lot of responsibility without much control.The sign of stress range from nervousness, anger, and frequent illness to forgetfulness or even mental problems. The best way to deal with stress is through relaxation, but sometimes the only answer is to fight back or walk away.Task 2【答案】A.1)give in so easily to hijackers’ demandsa) threaten to blow up a plane, commit some other outageb) hold out against this kind of blackmail, always have terrorists, Start executing terroristsautomaticallyc)be prepared to face the consequences of evil2)a) It’s the lesser of two evils. Terrorists have proven often enough that they really mean business.b)Innocent lives, threatening the innocent will achieve its ends.B.She implies that if the first speaker was one of the victims of terrorism, she would want the government to give in to the demands so that she wouldn’t die.【原文】Margaret: Governments give in so easily to hijackers’ demands. A hijacker only has to threaten to blow up a plane or commit some other outrage, and a government gives in to hisdemands.Valerie: Naturally. It’s the less er of the two evils. What government would risk innocent lives just to see if terrorists will really do what they threaten to do? Terrorists have proven often enough that they really mean business.Margaret: Yes, but i f a government doesn’t hold out against this kind of blackmail, we wil l always have terrorists. Governments are afraid to punish these people. They almost always letthem go free. Start executing terrorists automatically wherever they land, and terrorismwill stop.Valerie: And what about the innocent lives that will be lost in the process? Terrorism is based on the simple idea that threatening the innocent will achieve its ends.Margaret: You can’t get rid of evil without being prepared to face the consequences of evil. Valerie: So long as you’re not one of the victims!Task 3【答案】A.1)thirty-five, natural light, a small window, hot, airless, very noisy2) Mexico3) ought to, shouldn’tB.1)It is located in a narrow street with five-and six-storey buildings eight kilometers fromdowntown Los Angeles.2) This factory makes shirts and jeans3) She’s already been working for ten hours, but won’t stop for another two hours.4) She can’t complain about those things because she is an illegal immigrant.【原文】Eight kilometers from downtown Los Angeles there is a narrow street with five- and six-storey buildings. Inside one of these buildings there is a small factory making shirts and jeans. The women working in the factory sit close together, each with a small table, each with their own sewing machine. The women say nothing, and work hard. In one of the rooms there are thirty-five women. There is only a little natural light, and this comes from a small window in the roof. The room is hot, airless, and very noisy. On the left-hand side of the room there is a young girl sitting next to the wall. Every now and again she closes her eyes, and her fingers stop working. She's already been in her chair for ten hours, but she'll be here until the bell rings — and that won't be for another two hours. Her name is Maria, and she comes from Mexico. She won't complain about her work. She won't say that the working hours ought to be changed; she won't say that the working conditions shouldn't be permitted.Task 4【答案】A.Every year the British government publishes statistics about social trends. Their findings show definite patterns in the British way of life.1)marked differencesa)one hour more every day, three hours more every weekb) 1 percent, cleaning and ironing, keep household accounts, do repairs or improvementsc)30 percent2)leisure activities, watching television, 20 hours a week, going for walks, Swimming, BritishwomenB.Unlike the other couples, Carla has always kept her won accounts and Adrian has always done his own housework. Neither of them like watching television very much and they both like swimming.【原文】When Adrian Hutton and Carla Leone get married they will move into a new house that they have bought. But what sort of life will they have? What can they expect in modern Britain? Every year the British government publishes statistics about social trends. Their findings show definite patterns in the British way of life.In most marriages there are some marked differences between husbands and wives. Working wives, for example, sleep (on average) one hour more a day than working husbands. Housewives, on the other hand, sleep only about three hours more every week than their working husbands. And what about housework? The government survey showed that only 1% of men do the household chores — like cleaning and ironing. But they do usually keep household accounts and it is always men who do repairs or improvements in the house. 30% of all marriages end in divorce.The government survey also looked at leisure activities. They found that the two most popular leisure activities in Britain are watching television (the average family spends 20 hours a week in front of the TV set) and going for walks. Swimming is an especially popular activity among British women.Carla and Adrian's life, though, will probably be different from the average marriage. In the first place Carla has always kept her own accounts and Adrian has always done his own housework. Neither of them like watching television very much and they both like swimming.Task 5【答案】A.Topic: How a city in Japan solve the problem of garbage disposal.Supporting details: 160 million, every year, 10 percent, 10 percent, the rest, public cooperation1) garbage that can be easily burned, kitchen and garden trash2) electrical appliances, plastic tools, plastic toys3) are poisonous, cause pollution, batteries4) bottles and glass containers that can be recycled5) metal containers that can be recycled6) furniture and bicycledon different days, on request, fertilizer, to produce electricity, recycled, cleaned, repaired, resold cheaply, give awayB.1) The garbage will be taken to a center that looks like a clean new office building or hospital.Inside the center, special equipment is used to sort and process the garbage.2) Official from cities around the world visit Machida to see whether they can use some of these ideas and techniques to solve their own garbage disposal problems.【原文】Disposing of the garbage we produce every day is a major problem in cities around the world. In the United States, over 160 million tons of garbage are produce every year. Ten percent is recycled, ten percent is burned, and the rest is put in landfills. But finding land for new landfills is becoming more difficult.A city that has solved this problem in an unusual way is Machida, in Tokyo, Japan. They have developed a totally new approach to garbage disposal. The key to the operation is public cooperation. Families must divide their garbage into six categories:1. garbage that can be easily burned (that is, combustible garbage) such as kitchen and garden trash ;2. noncombustible garbage, such as small electrical appliances, plastic tools, and plastic toys ;3. products that are poisonous or that cause pollution, such as batteries and fluorescent lights ;4. bottles and glass containers that can be recycled ;5. metal containers that can be recycled ;6. large items, such as furniture and bicycles.The items in categories1 to 5 are collected on different days. Large items are only collected upon request. Then the garbage is taken to a center that looks like a clean new office building or hospital. Inside the center, special equipment is used to sort and process the garbage. Almost everything can be reused: garden or kitchen trash becomes fertilizer; combustible garbage is burned to produce electrical; metal containers and bottles are recycled; and old furniture, clothing, and other useful items are cleaned, repaired, and resold cheaply or given away. The work provides employment for handicapped person and gives them a chance to learn new skills.Nowadays, officials from cities around the world visit Machida to see whether they can use some of these ideas and techniques to solve their own garbage disposal problems.Task 6【答案】1) They were talking about Mrs. Carter.2) She was a tall, handsome woman who used to come into the shop at least twice a week.3) She lived alone in a large house on an old farm---about three miles from the shop.4) He was absolutely certain, otherwise he would never call the police. His evidence was this: First, he saw her do it; second, he found the things in her bag; third, she had done it before.5) Because two young people saw her. The shopkeeper believed that if they didn’t punish her, young people would think that stealing didn’t matter.6) The judge thought that it was difficult case from a humanitarian point of view. The excuses her found for her were: First, the woman was old and she lived alone---she was lonely. Second, she wasn’t poor---she was well-known for her generosity to charities and she didn’t need to steal. Teitems were only worth a pound or two. Third, she pleaded not guilty and she didn’t know that she had done it.【原文】Shopkeeper: I knew Mrs. Carter very well. She was a tall, handsome woman who used to come into the shop at least twice a week. She lived alone in a large house on an old farm —about three miles from here. People ask me if I am certain she did it. The answer is yes.I was absolutely certain, otherwise I would never have called the police. In the firstplace, I saw her do it. I watched her put the things into her bag and I watched her walkout of the store. In the second place, we found the things in her bag, and finally, shehad done it before. It wasn't the first time. I think she was in such a confused state thatshe didn’t know what she was doing, but two other people say her —two youngpeople. We had to punish her, otherwise young people would thin k that stealing didn’tmatter.Judge: It was a difficult case from a humanitarian point of view. The woman was old and she lived alone —she was lonely. She wasn’t poor—she was well-known for her generosity to charities and she didn’t need to steal. The items were only worth a pound or two. She pleaded not guilty and said she didn’t know that she had done it. From the legal point of view the case was straightforward. The woman stole; she was caught and reported. There were witnesses. She had to be punished or else no one could be punished for stealing.Task 7【答案】A. not all modern cities are alike; modern city.1) a single high-density center, skyscrapers, motorways, as far as you can see2) the low-density multi-center city, a large collection of a number of small centers, shopping centers, factories, businesses, skyscrapersB.1) He thinks that the second type( the Los Angeles model) is more sensible.2) He considers it highly likely that the kind of city we know now will completely disappear.【原文】Interviewer: Would you say then that all modem cities are pretty much alike?Urban Planner: Quite definitely not. There seem to be two types of modem city. In type one there is a single high-density centre, and that's where you'll find the skyscrapers. This issurrounded by motorways. And all around this centre, low-density suburbs stretchas far as you can see. This is like Houston, or Calgary, or Toronto. Interviewer:And the second type?Urban Planner: The other type is like Los Angeles — the low-density multi-centre city. As I'm sure you know Los Angeles is really a large collection of a number of smallcentres, each with its shopping centres, factories, businesses, and skyscrapersscattered everywhere. In a way it's almost one enormous suburb.Interviewer: Do you. think one type is better than the other?Urban Planner: I think the Los Angeles model is more sensible.Interviewer: And so do you think Los Angeles is the city of the future?Urban Planner: Well, it is arguable that the next step after Los Angeles is the complete disappearance of the city, with no real centre, where well-designed forms of urbanlife-modem factories and office blocks which are clean and quiet, and beautifulforms of rural life — the trees and parks of suburbs, live side by side.Interviewer: So are you saying that the city as we know it will disappear...Task 8【答案】A.1) He thinks that this country’s problems all come from inflation, which is the result of theDemocrat’s careless spending.2) No, she doesn’t agree with Ned. She believes that the problem is unemployment. If thegovernment cuts spending too much, people will fall into a vicious circle of more unemployment and fewer taxpayers to share the burden.3) She agrees with Barbara. She believes that unemployment is a big problem, especially in the big industrial cities. And the government isn’t doing very much to help the big industries out. 4) He believes in the free market system rather than government regulation or protection. He thinks that without a lot of government interference everything will be okay.5) No, they think it’s bad for the weak, the poor and the unprotected/ it’s bad for the underprivileged.B.more and more money, come from somewhere, higher taxes and higher prices【原文】Ned: ... you know, I think this country's problems all come from inflation. That's the main cause of our troubles right now. And what's causing the inflation? It's the reckless spending of theDemocrats! Every year they spend more and more money, and that money has to comefrom somewhere. So we pay it in the form of higher taxes and higher prices on thegoods we buy.Barbara: Well, I'm not sure that I agree with you. It seems to me that inflation is only one of our problems. What about unemployment? If people don't have jobs because the governmentcuts spending too much, they can't buy things; and then you have a vicious circle ofmore unemployment and fewer taxpayers to share the burden.Ellen: You know, I think Barbara may have something there. Unemployment is a big problem, especially in the big industrial cities. The auto industry is fighting for its life right now,and the government isn't doing very much to help it.Ned: Well, it's true that the auto industry is in a mess, but I don't think the answer is in government regulation or protection. I believe in the free market system —let thesystem work without a lot of government interference, and everything will be okay.Ellen: So the strong will win, and the weak will be defeated. Is that what you mean?Ned: Well, that's the way it goes. The survival of the fittest.Barbara: And too bad about the weak, the poor, the unprotected...Ned: Now you're getting emotional. You have to remain objective about these things. Let me give you an example of what I'm talking about...Task 9【答案】A.1) The problem is whether or not the inner city — the core of most urban areas — will manage tosurvive at all.2) They moved to the suburbs in search of fresh air, elbow room, and privacy.3) As a result, suburbs began to sprawl out across the countryside. Many cities began to fall intodisrepair. And many downtown areas existed for business only.4) The result was that urban centers declined even further and the suburbs expanded still more.5) Because from the decision of the Taylors and many other young couples, we can see that somepeople may be tired of spending long hours commuting, and they may have begun to miss the advantages of culture and companionship provided by city life.B.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) TC.1) middle-class, tax money, neighborhoods2) Crime, public transportation3) housing construction costs, was allowed to, constructed【原文】A few years ago, Ann and Walter Taylor thought it might be time to move out of their New York City apartment to the suburbs. They had one young son and another child on the way. But after months of looking, they became discourage and decided to buy an old townhouse right in the middle of Brooklyn, which is a part of New York City. To their delight, they discovered that they weren’t the only young couple to have made such a decision. In fact, their entire area in Brooklyn had been settled by young families. And as a result, the neighborhood, which had been declining for years, was now being restored.Brooklyn isn’t the only city in the United States to experience this kind of renewal. So are Philadelphia and St.Louis. And Charleston, South Carolina, has so successfully rebuilt its old central area that it now ranks as one of America’s most charming cities. The restoration of the old port city of Savannah, Georgia, is also living proof that downtown areas do not need to die. But encouraging as these developments may be, they are among the few bright spots in a mass of difficulties that today’s citie s face. Indeed, their woes are so many that it is fair to ask whether or not the inner city the core of most urban areas will manage to survive at all.In the 1940s, urban Americans began a mass move to the suburbs in search of fresh air, elbow room, and privacy. Suburbs began to sprawl out across the countryside. Since most of those making the move were middle-class, they took with them the tax money the cities needed to maintain the neighborhoods in which they had lived. The people left in the cities were often those who were too old or too poor to move. Thus, many cities began to fall into disrepair. Crime began to soar, and public transportation was neglected.( In the past sixty years San Francisco is the only city in the United States to have completed a new mass transit system.) Meanwhile, housing construction costs continued to rise higher and higher. Middle-class housing was allowed to decay, and little new housing was constructed.Eventually, many downtown areas existed for business only. During the day they would be filled with people working in offices, and at night they would be deserted. Given these circumstances, some business executives began asking, “Why bother with going downtown at all? Why not move the offices to the suburbs so that we c an live and work in the same area?” Gradually, some of the larger companies began moving out of the cities, with the result that urban centers declined even further and the suburbs expanded still more. This movement of business tothe suburbs is not confined to the United States. Businesses have also been moving to the suburbs in Stockholm, Sweden, in Bonn, Germany, and in Brussels, Belgium, as well.But it may well be that this movement to the suburbs has reached its peak. Some people may be tired of spending long hours commuting, and they may have begun to miss the advantages of culture and companionship provided by city life. Perhaps the decision made by the Taylors is a sign that people will return to the cities and begin to restore them. It begins to look as if suburban sprawl may not have been the answer to man’s need to create an ideal environment in which to live and work.Task 10【答案】A.1) 54, 20, 1980, £70,000.2) 30, 19803) a newspaper article, to research the market4) another few months, in April 1981, a 1,500 sq ft5) third, Canada, America, 20 percent, £1 million6) 20, 70, 3B.1) F 2) T 3) F 4)F 5)TC.1) He was deeply involved in the present job and rather enjoyed himself. He thought the shop washis own little baby and thought it was fun to serve behind the counter. However, he also thought that there was a lot more hard work than he was used to; he was working over the weekend doing his books. He called his old job “boring trips to Manchester to sell vast quantities of PVC”.2) He thought that there are far more job satisfaction; and believed that he was making money,rather than making money for other people.3) He was about to diversify into commercial distribution of imported and domestically producedwine and wines he’s produced himself.【原文】William Rudd, 54, worked for ICI petrochemicals for 20 years until 1980 when he took early retirement with &70,000. He opened his own delicatessen and butcher's shop in Kensington and has just bought a second London shop.I knew about a year before I left that I was going to go, so I looked around for office jobs. I had one of those frustrating periods where I nearly got some jobs but then I didn't. Actually it was a dinner party conversation which got me into the shop. A woman I knew said she was going to open a delicatessen and thought it sounded fun. So ! said, "Super, I'll come in with you." I'd always thought retailing would be amusing, after a lifetime of industrial selling.We found that the lease of the building stipulated we had to keep it as a butcher's and I added fish and cheese and things like that. I ended up spending far more than I'd ever intended.I didn't really do much research, except for fish, about which I knew nothing. I was clearly going to be the person standing behind the counter filleting, so I talked to one person who showed me a little, supplied me, and kept me under his wing for a little while. But it's quite easy to learn about fish; once you get used to gutting salmon you're on your way. Meat is more difficult; theskill is in the butchery, so I employ people for that. I had to learn about equipment by trial and error.I started in July — the worst time of the year for a shop like this — and the overdraft kept going up. That was rather frightening because there was no one between me and the bank manager. My reaction early on was that it was bound to come right. At the same time I was deeply involved and rather enjoying myself. It was my own little baby and it was fun to serve behind the counter — completely different from boring trips to Manchester to sell vast quantities of PVC. There was a lot more hard work than I was used to; I was working over the weekend doing my books.I remember my accountant saying to me when I was starting up, "What are you going to do for mental stimulation?" In fact there's quite a lot of mental stimulation in the sheer terror of losing money: I couldn't have conceived of doing this 20 years ago. It was a great leap in the dark. I don't know if I'm brave or foolish, or a bit of both I suppose. But I do know that if I'd listened to anyone I would never have done it.Les Shield, 30, a boiler technician, was made redundant from British Steel at Consett in 1980. 145'th Mike Heywood, a Consett transport manager made redundant at the same time, he started British Brewing Products, manufacturing beer kits and now diversifi2ing into wine production.I read a newspaper article about a company which had done quite well in home brew, and I started to research the market 18 months before the closure at Consett. By the time the steelworks were due to close I had a business plan ready. We bought some products which we had made for us and went out into the wilds of Yorkshire and Lancashire and sold them as a test. It took two months before we got any repeat business and that was a nail-biting period. It took another few months to fend premises and to get financial assistance from BSC industry and the bank. We went into production in April 1981 manufacturing home-brewing kits in a 1,500 sq ft factory.Let's face it, in this area, there wasn't a lot of choice. You could sit and vegetate and spend your redundancy money, you could move away and find new employment, or you could use your redundancy money to sink or swim.We're swimming. We're actually doing very well. I like being self-employed; there's far more job satisfaction. You know that at the end of the day you're getting the full value, personally, of the work you do. That's what you're in business for — to make money, rather than make money for other people. It was obviously a strain when I spent 5 days a week training, but after 18 months, we were able to afford our first salesman.I think my wife was happy for me to do what I've done. She accepted that there would be a certain amount of stress during the early days, but she probably realized that if I was successful the rewards would be there at the end of the day.We're now in our third factory since we started. We export our products to the Republic of Ireland, Canada and America; exports account for 20 percent of production. Our turnover will exceed &1 million for the first time this year.We're about to diversify into commercial distribution of imported and domestically produced wine and wines we're producing ourselves. We employ 20 people at the moment but that will rise to 70 in the next 3 months.Task 11【原文】I could hear the guard blowing his whistle, so I ran onto the platform and up to the train.Luckily someone saw me coming, a door opened, and I jumped on while the train was movingout of the station. “Phew!” I thought. “That was hard work!” I was sur e the other passengers could hear my heart beating; it was so loud, and I was in a cold sweat.After a while, I recovered, and had a look at the other passengers. The compartment was full, but I was the only one standing. The people in the carriage turned their eyes away as they noticed me looking at them; all except one, a beautiful woman sitting in the corner. I saw her watching me in the mirror. Automatically, I adjusted my tie. She had seen me running for the train: maybe this was my lucky day after all. I prepared to say hello.She spoke first, however. “Would you like my seat?” she asked. “You look rather ill.” That was the day on which I realized I was getting middle-aged.。
现代大学英语精读1UNIT3_Message_of_the_Land__课文翻译
第三单元Translation of Text A土地的讯息皮拉·萨哈姆1 是的，这些事我们家的稻田，以前归我父母，再往前属于我的祖先。
这片土地已有三百多年的历史了。
我是家里唯一的闺女，我一直留在我父母身边，知道他们去世。
按照我们伊萨的习俗，我的三个兄弟已结婚就都搬到他们老婆家去了，我老伴进了我家的门。
那是我十八岁，他十九岁。
我们俩生了六个孩子，两个没长大就病死了。
其余的俩儿子、俩闺女一到我们有钱给他们买牛仔裤的时候就都离开了家。
大儿子在曼谷找了份工作，给一家有钱人当花匠，后来一家劳务公司介绍他都国外去干活了，小儿子也去了挺远的地方。
2 我们的一个闺女在曼谷一家纺织厂里干活，另外一个闺女在一家商店里工作。
有时候她们会回来看我们，呆上几天就走，她们不时寄些钱回来，捎话回来说她们挺好的。
我知道她们说的不全是实话，有时候，她们受欺负、受侮辱，想到这些，我就觉得像一把尖刀扎进我的心头。
对我老伴来说还好受些，他有耳朵么也听不见，有嘴么也不说，有眼睛么也看不见。
他老是什么事都不着急，什么话也不说，只操心他自己的那点事。
3 虽说这些孩子长期不在我身边，但他们永远都是我的孩子，他们一个个都走了，这可能就是命吧。
我们的那块地不大，连年的使用已使它不再肥沃，就像我们老两口儿，慢慢老下去，且疲惫不堪。
不过我和老伴还在这块地力里干活儿，雨量充足的时候，地还不难耕种，老天爷不下雨的年份，不光是我们的犁断了，我们的心也碎了。
4 没，我们俩没怎么变，可我们的村子变了哪些地方变了？就在十年以前，我们还能以物换物，可如今都用钱了。
几年前，我们还能请街坊来帮忙盖房子、收割稻子或是打井。
这会儿，都得付钱，他们才肯帮忙。
塑料玩意替代了村里手工做的东西，以前男人们还做点竹器，可如今没人干了。
现在村里到处都是乱扔的塑料袋，一下子冒出来不少商店，里面放满了五颜六色的塑料玩意，还有些我们用不上的东西。
年轻人都去镇上和城里打工，留下我们这些老年人种地。
现代大学英语口语 Unit
Unit 2 Love and Romance
In the eyes of love, pock-marks are dimples. Love is neither bought nor sold. No herb will cure love. Go down the ladder when you marry a wife;
Adjectives used to describe people
selfish outgoing courageous adventurous
idealistic aggressive creative passionate
cheerful playful sincere honest talented
开辨陈词后，正反方的二辨分别进入自由盘问（辩论）阶段，由正 方开始自由辩论，双方每次一人轮流发言，不可由同一方连续发言， 每方分别计时4分钟。
Text Two
Activity 2 3. Three Arguments from both sides of the debate
concluded.
。 由双方的三辨作辩论总结
Defining a concept
……means……
……is…… ……refer (s) to……
My definition of ……is……
To me, heroes are those who……
Heroes come all shapes and sizes.
A hero is someone like……
A hero can be a lot of things, some one who……， some one who……
Giving reasons and offering explanations
《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案Unit3
《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案Unit3《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案乌克兰Grabovo村某处向日葵花田里，手机和电脑散落一地，在另一处地上，一本荷兰护照张开着躺在地上，地面上到处都是从天空摔下的人们的尸体，看起来就像烂抹布和烧成灰的肉块。
这就是一些当地居民和参与救援工作的人所目睹的惨象，马航17航班坠毁坠毁在一大块麦田中，碎片散落了若干英里，机上全部乘客葬身人烟稀少的乌克兰农村。
“当时太恐怖了，”当地一位独立派反抗军成员说，他的名字叫Sergei，也参与了救援工作，“我们当时都震惊了。
”Unit 3Unit 3Task 1【答案】A.1) Stress on the job costs American companies as much as $150 billion a year in lower productivity, unnecessary employee sick leave, and higher medical costs.2) The most stressful professions are those that involve danger and extreme pressure and those that carry a lot of responsibility without much control.3) The best way to deal with stress is through relaxation, but sometimes the only answer is to fight back or walk away.B.1) Three-quarters2) psychologists, doctors3) nervousness, anger, frequent illness, forgetfulness, mental problems【原文】Stress on the job costs American companies as much as $150 billion a year in lower productivity, unnecessary employee sick leave, and higher medical costs. Three-quarters of the office workers today say they suffer from stress at work. Recently, psychologists and doctors have begun to study the problem more closely. They have discovered that the most stressful professions are those that involve danger, extreme pressure and those that carry a lot of responsibility without much control.The sign of stress range from nervousness, anger, and frequent illness to forgetfulness or even mental problems. The best way to deal with stress is through relaxation, but sometimes the only answer is to fight back or walk away.Task 2【答案】A.1)give in so easily to hijackers’ demandsa) threaten to blow up a plane, commit some other outageb) hold out against this kind of blackmail, always have terrorists, Start executing terroristsautomaticallyc)be prepared to face the consequences of evil2)a) It’s the lesser of two evils. Terrorists have proven often enough that they really mean business.b)Innocent lives, threatening the innocent will achieve its ends.B.She implies that if the first speaker was one of the victims of terrorism, she would want the government to give in to thedemands so that she wouldn’t die.【原文】Margaret: Governments give in so easily to hijackers’ demands. A hijacker only has to threaten to blow up a plane or commit some other outrage, and a government gives in to his demands.Valerie: Naturally. It’s the less er of the two evils. What government would risk innocent lives just to see if terrorists will really do what they threaten to do? Terrorists have proven often enough that they really mean business.Margaret: Yes, but i f a government doesn’t hold out against this kind of blackmail, we wil l always have terrorists. Governments are afraid to punish these people. They almost always letthem go free. Start executing terrorists automatically wherever they land, and terrorismwill stop.Valerie: And what about the innocent lives that will be lost in the process? Terrorism is based on the simple idea that threatening the innocent will achieve its ends.Margaret: You can’t get rid of evil without being prepared to face the consequences of evil. Valerie: So long as you’re not one of the victims!Task 3【答案】A.1)thirty-five, natural light, a small window, hot, airless, very noisy2) Mexico3) ought to, shouldn’tB.1)It is located in a narrow street with five-and six-storey buildings eight kilometers fromdowntown Los Angeles.2) This factory makes shirts and jeans3) She’s already been working for ten hours, but won’t stop for another two hours.4) She can’t complain about those things because she is an illegal immigrant.【原文】Eight kilometers from downtown Los Angeles there is a narrow street with five- and six-storey buildings. Inside one of these buildings there is a small factory making shirts and jeans. The women working in the factory sit close together, each with a small table, each with their own sewing machine. The women say nothing, and work hard. In one of the rooms there are thirty-five women. There is only a little natural light, and this comes from a small window in the roof. The room is hot, airless, and very noisy. On the left-hand side of the room there is a young girl sitting next to the wall. Every now and again she closes her eyes, and her fingers stop working. She's already been in her chair for ten hours, but she'll be here until the bell rings — and that won't be for another two hours. Her name is Maria, and she comes from Mexico. She won't complain about her work. She won't say that the working hours ought to be changed; she won't say that the working conditions shouldn't be permitted.Task 4【答案】A.Every year the British government publishes statistics aboutsocial trends. Their findings show definite patterns in the British way of life.1)marked differencesa)one hour more every day, three hours more every weekb) 1 percent, cleaning and ironing, keep household accounts, do repairs or improvementsc)30 percent2)leisure activities, watching television, 20 hours a week, going for walks, Swimming, BritishwomenB.Unlike the other couples, Carla has always kept her won accounts and Adrian has always done his own housework. Neither of them like watching television very much and they both like swimming.【原文】When Adrian Hutton and Carla Leone get married they will move into a new house that they have bought. But what sort of life will they have? What can they expect in modern Britain? Every year the British government publishes statistics about social trends. Their findings show definite patterns in the British way of life.In most marriages there are some marked differences between husbands and wives. Working wives, for example, sleep (on average) one hour more a day than working husbands. Housewives, on the other hand, sleep only about three hours more every week than their working husbands. And what about housework? The government survey showed that only 1% of men do the household chores — like cleaning and ironing. But they do usually keep household accounts and it is always men who dorepairs or improvements in the house. 30% of all marriages end in divorce.The government survey also looked at leisure activities. They found that the two most popular leisure activities in Britain are watching television (the average family spends 20 hours a week in front of the TV set) and going for walks. Swimming is an especially popular activity among British women.Carla and Adrian's life, though, will probably be different from the average marriage. In the first place Carla has always kept her own accounts and Adrian has always done his own housework. Neither of them like watching television very much and they both like swimming.Task 5【答案】A.Topic: How a city in Japan solve the problem of garbage disposal.Supporting details: 160 million, every year, 10 percent, 10 percent, the rest, public cooperation1) garbage that can be easily burned, kitchen and garden trash2) electrical appliances, plastic tools, plastic toys3) are poisonous, cause pollution, batteries4) bottles and glass containers that can be recycled5) metal containers that can be recycled6) furniture and bicycledon different days, on request, fertilizer, to produce electricity, recycled, cleaned, repaired, resold cheaply, give awayB.1) The garbage will be taken to a center that looks like a cleannew office building or hospital.Inside the center, special equipment is used to sort and process the garbage.2) Official from cities around the world visit Machida to see whether they can use some of these ideas and techniques to solve their own garbage disposal problems.【原文】Disposing of the garbage we produce every day is a major problem in cities around the world. In the United States, over 160 million tons of garbage are produce every year. Ten percent is recycled, ten percent is burned, and the rest is put in landfills. But finding land for new landfills is becoming more difficult.A city that has solved this problem in an unusual way is Machida, in Tokyo, Japan. They have developed a totally new approach to garbage disposal. The key to the operation is public cooperation. Families must divide their garbage into six categories:1. garbage that can be easily burned (that is, combustible garbage) such as kitchen and garden trash?;2. noncombustible garbage, such as small electrical appliances, plastic tools, and plastic toys?;3. products that are poisonous or that cause pollution, such as batteries and fluorescent lights?;4. bottles and glass containers that can be recycled?;5. metal containers that can be recycled?;6. large items, such as furniture and bicycles.The items in categories1 to 5 are collected on different days. Large items are only collected upon request. Then the garbage is taken to a center that looks like a clean new office building or hospital. Inside the center, special equipment is used to sort andprocess the garbage. Almost everything can be reused: garden or kitchen trash becomes fertilizer; combustible garbage is burned to produce electrical; metal containers and bottles are recycled; and old furniture, clothing, and other useful items are cleaned, repaired, and resold cheaply or given away. The work provides employment for handicapped person and gives them a chance to learn new skills.Nowadays, officials from cities around the world visit Machida to see whether they can use some of these ideas and techniques to solve their own garbage disposal problems.Task 6【答案】1) They were talking about Mrs. Carter.2) She was a tall, handsome woman who used to come into the shop at least twice a week.3) She lived alone in a large house on an old farm---about three miles from the shop.4) He was absolutely certain, otherwise he would never call the police. His evidence was this: First, he saw her do it; second, he found the things in her bag; third, she had done it before.5) Because two young people saw her. The shopkeeper believed that if they didn’t punish her, young people would think that stealing didn’t matter.6) The judge thought that it was difficult case from a humanitarian point of view. The excuses her found for her were: First, the woman was old and she lived alone---she was lonely. Second, she wasn’t poor---she was well-known for her generosity to charities and she didn’t need to steal. Te items were only worth a pound or two. Third, she pleaded not guilty and she didn’t know that she had done it.【原文】Shopkeeper: I knew Mrs. Carter very well. She was a tall, handsome woman who used to come into the shop at least twice a week. She lived alone in a large house on an old farm —about three miles from here. People ask me if I am certain she did it. The answer is yes.I was absolutely certain, otherwise I would never have called the police. In the firstplace, I saw her do it. I watched her put the things into her bag and I watched her walkout of the store. In the second place, we found the things in her bag, and finally, shehad done it before. It wasn't the first time. I think she was in such a confused state thatshe didn’t know what she was doing, but two other people say her —two youngpeople. We had to punish her, otherwise young people would thin k that steali ng didn’tmatter.Judge: It was a difficult case from a humanitarian point of view. The woman was old and she lived alone —she was lonely. She wasn’t poor—she was well-known for her generosity to charities and she didn’t need to steal. The items were only worth a pound or two. She pleaded not guilty and said she didn’t know that she had done it. From the legal point of view the case was straightforward. The woman stole; she was caught and reported. There were witnesses. She had to be punished or else no one could be punished for stealing.Task 7【答案】A. not all modern cities are alike; modern city.1) a single high-density center, skyscrapers, motorways, as far as you can see2) the low-density multi-center city, a large collection of a number of small centers, shopping centers, factories, businesses, skyscrapersB.1) He thinks that the second type( the Los Angeles model) is more sensible.2) He considers it highly likely that the kind of city we know now will completely disappear.【原文】Interviewer: Would you say then that all modem cities are pretty much alike?Urban Planner: Quite definitely not. There seem to be two types of modem city. In type one there is a single high-density centre, and that's where you'll find the skyscrapers. This is surrounded by motorways. And all around this centre, low-density suburbs stretchas far as you can see. This is like Houston, or Calgary, or Toronto. Interviewer:And the second type?Urban Planner: The other type is like Los Angeles — the low-density multi-centre city. As I'm sure you know Los Angeles is really a large collection of a number of smallcentres, each with its shopping centres, factories, businesses, and skyscrapersscattered everywhere. In a way it's almost one enormous suburb.Interviewer: Do you. think one type is better than the other?Urban Planner: I think the Los Angeles model is more sensible.Interviewer: And so do you think Los Angeles is the city of the future?Urban Planner: Well, it is arguable that the next step after Los Angeles is the complete disappearance of the city, with no real centre, where well-designed forms of urbanlife-modem factories and office blocks which are clean and quiet, and beautifulforms of rural life — the trees and parks of suburbs, live side by side.Interviewer: So are you saying that the city as we know it will disappear...Task 8【答案】A.1) He thinks that this country’s problems all come from inflation, which is the result of theDemocrat’s careless spending.2) No, she doesn’t agree with Ned. She believes that the problem is unemployment. If thegovernment cuts spending too much, people will fall into a vicious circle of more unemployment and fewer taxpayers to share the burden.3) She agrees with Barbara. She believes that unemployment is a big problem, especially in the big industrial cities. And the government isn’t doing very much to help the big industries out. 4) He believes in the free market system rather than government regulation or protection. He thinks that without a lot of government interference everything will be okay.5) No, they think it’s bad for the weak, the poor and the unprotected/ it’s bad for the underprivileged.B.more and more money, come from somewhere, higher taxes and higher prices【原文】Ned: ... you know, I think this country's problems all come from inflation. That's the main cause of our troubles right now. And what's causing the inflation? It's the reckless spending of the Democrats! Every year they spend more and more money, and that money has to comefrom somewhere. So we pay it in the form of higher taxes and higher prices on thegoods we buy.Barbara: Well, I'm not sure that I agree with you. It seems to me that inflation is only one of our problems. What about unemployment? If people don't have jobs because the governmentcuts spending too much, they can't buy things; and then you have a vicious circle ofmore unemployment and fewer taxpayers to share the burden.Ellen: You know, I think Barbara may have something there. Unemployment is a big problem, especially in the big industrial cities. The auto industry is fighting for its life right now, and the government isn't doing very much to help it.Ned: Well, it's true that the auto industry is in a mess, but I don't think the answer is in government regulation or protection.I believe in the free market system —let thesystem work without a lot of government interference, andeverything will be okay.Ellen: So the strong will win, and the weak will be defeated. Is that what you mean?Ned: Well, that's the way it goes. The survival of the fittest.Barbara: And too bad about the weak, the poor, the unprotected...Ned: Now you're getting emotional. You have to remain objective about these things. Let me give you an example of what I'm talking about...Task 9【答案】A.1) The problem is whether or not the inner city — the core of most urban areas — will manage tosurvive at all.2) They moved to the suburbs in search of fresh air, elbow room, and privacy.3) As a result, suburbs began to sprawl out across the countryside. Many cities began to fall intodisrepair. And many downtown areas existed for business only.4) The result was that urban centers declined even further and the suburbs expanded still more.5) Because from the decision of the T aylors and many other young couples, we can see that somepeople may be tired of spending long hours commuting, and they may have begun to miss the advantages of culture and companionship provided by city life.B.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) TC.1) middle-class, tax money, neighborhoods2) Crime, public transportation3) housing construction costs, was allowed to, constructed【原文】A few years ago, Ann and Walter Taylor thought it might be time to move out of their New York City apartment to the suburbs. They had one young son and another child on the way. But after months of looking, they became discourage and decided to buy an old townhouse right in the middle of Brooklyn, which is a part of New York City. To their delight, they discovered that they weren’t the only young couple to have made such a deci sion. In fact, their entire area in Brooklyn had been settled by young families. And as a result, the neighborhood, which had been declining for years, was now being restored.Brooklyn isn’t the only city in the United States to experience this kind of renewal. So are Philadelphia and St.Louis. And Charleston, South Carolina, has so successfully rebuilt its old central area that it now ranks as one of America’s most charming cities. The restoration of the old port city of Savannah, Georgia, is also living proof that downtown areas do not need to die. But encouraging as these developments may be, they are among the few bright spots in a mass of difficulties that today’s citie s face. Indeed, their woes are so many that it is fair to ask whether or not the inner city the core of most urban areas will manage to survive at all.In the 1940s, urban Americans began a mass move to the suburbs in search of fresh air, elbow room, and privacy. Suburbs began to sprawl out across the countryside. Since most of those making the move were middle-class, they took with them the taxmoney the cities needed to maintain the neighborhoods in which they had lived. The people left in the cities were often those who were too old or too poor to move. Thus, many cities began to fall into disrepair. Crime began to soar, and public transportation was neglected.( In the past sixty years San Francisco is the only city in the United States to have completed a new mass transit system.) Meanwhile, housing construction costs continued to rise higher and higher. Middle-class housing was allowed to decay, and little new housing was constructed.Eventually, many downtown areas existed for business only. During the day they would be filled with people working in offices, and at night they would be deserted. Given these circumstances, some business executives began asking, “Why bother with going downtown at all? Why not move the offices to the suburbs so that we c an live and work in the same area?” Gradually, some of the larger companies began moving out of the cities, with the result that urban centers declined even further and the suburbs expanded still more. This movement of business tothe suburbs is not confined to the United States. Businesses have also been moving to the suburbs in Stockholm, Sweden, in Bonn, Germany, and in Brussels, Belgium, as well.But it may well be that this movement to the suburbs has reached its peak. Some people may be tired of spending long hours commuting, and they may have begun to miss the advantages of culture and companionship provided by city life. Perhaps the decision made by the T aylors is a sign that people will return to the cities and begin to restore them. It begins to look as if suburban sprawl may not have been the answer to man’s need to create an ideal environment in which to live andwork.Task 10【答案】A.1) 54, 20, 1980, ￡70,000.2) 30, 19803) a newspaper article, to research the market4) another few months, in April 1981, a 1,500 sq ft5) third, Canada, America, 20 percent, ￡1 million6) 20, 70, 3B.1) F 2) T 3) F 4)F 5)TC.1) He was deeply involved in the present job and rather enjoyed himself. He thought the shop washis own little baby and thought it was fun to serve behind the counter. However, he also thought that there was a lot more hard work than he was used to; he was working over the weekend doing his books. He called his old job “boring trips to Manchester to sell vast quantities of PVC”.2) He thought that there are far more job satisfaction; and believed that he was making money,rather than making money for other people.3) He was about to diversify into commercial distribution of imported and domestically producedwine and wines he’s produced himself.【原文】William Rudd, 54, worked for ICI petrochemicals for 20 years until 1980 when he took early retirement with &70,000. He opened his own delicatessen and butcher's shop in Kensingtonand has just bought a second London shop.I knew about a year before I left that I was going to go, so I looked around for office jobs. I had one of those frustrating periods where I nearly got some jobs but then I didn't. Actually it was a dinner party conversation which got me into the shop. A woman I knew said she was going to open a delicatessen and thought it sounded fun. So ! said, "Super, I'll come in with you." I'd always thought retailing would be amusing, after a lifetime of industrial selling.We found that the lease of the building stipulated we had to keep it as a butcher's and I added fish and cheese and things like that. I ended up spending far more than I'd ever intended.I didn't really do much research, except for fish, about which I knew nothing. I was clearly going to be the person standing behind the counter filleting, so I talked to one person who showed me a little, supplied me, and kept me under his wing for a little while. But it's quite easy to learn about fish; once you get used to gutting salmon you're on your way. Meat is more difficult; theskill is in the butchery, so I employ people for that. I had to learn about equipment by trial and error.I started in July — the worst time of the year for a shop like this —and the overdraft kept going up. That was rather frightening because there was no one between me and the bank manager. My reaction early on was that it was bound to come right. At the same time I was deeply involved and rather enjoying myself. It was my own little baby and it was fun to serve behind the counter —completely different from boring trips to Manchester to sell vast quantities of PVC. There was a lot more hard work than I was used to; I was working over the weekenddoing my books.I remember my accountant saying to me when I was starting up, "What are you going to do for mental stimulation?" In fact there's quite a lot of mental stimulation in the sheer terror of losing money: I couldn't have conceived of doing this 20 years ago. It was a great leap in the dark. I don't know if I'm brave or foolish, or a bit of both I suppose. But I do know that if I'd listened to anyone I would never have done it.Les Shield, 30, a boiler technician, was made redundant from British Steel at Consett in 1980. 145'th Mike Heywood, a Consett transport manager made redundant at the same time, he started British Brewing Products, manufacturing beer kits and now diversifi2ing into wine production.I read a newspaper article about a company which had done quite well in home brew, and I started to research the market 18 months before the closure at Consett. By the time the steelworks were due to close I had a business plan ready. We bought some products which we had made for us and went out into the wilds of Yorkshire and Lancashire and sold them as a test. It took two months before we got any repeat business and that was a nail-biting period. It took another few months to fend premises and to get financial assistance from BSC industry and the bank. We went into production in April 1981 manufacturing home-brewing kits in a 1,500 sq ft factory.Let's face it, in this area, there wasn't a lot of choice. You could sit and vegetate and spend your redundancy money, you could move away and find new employment, or you could use your redundancy money to sink or swim.We're swimming. We're actually doing very well. I like being self-employed; there's far more job satisfaction. You know that atthe end of the day you're getting the full value, personally, of the work you do. That's what you're in business for — to make money, rather than make money for other people. It was obviously a strain when I spent 5 days a week training, but after 18 months, we were able to afford our first salesman.I think my wife was happy for me to do what I've done. She accepted that there would be a certain amount of stress during the early days, but she probably realized that if I was successful the rewards would be there at the end of the day.We're now in our third factory since we started. We export our products to the Republic of Ireland, Canada and America; exports account for 20 percent of production. Our turnover will exceed &1 million for the first time this year.We're about to diversify into commercial distribution of imported and domestically produced wine and wines we're producing ourselves. We employ 20 people at the moment but that will rise to 70 in the next 3 months.Task 11【原文】I could hear the guard blowing his whistle, so I ran onto the platform and up to the train.Luckily someone saw me coming, a door opened, and I jumped on while the train was movingout of the station. “Phew!” I thought. “That was hard work!” I was sur e the other passengers could hear my heart beating; it was so loud, and I was in a cold sweat.After a while, I recovered, and had a look at the other passengers. The compartment was full, but I was the only one standing. The people in the carriage turned their eyes away as they noticed me looking at them; all except one, a beautifulwoman sitting in the corner. I saw her watching me in the mirror. Automatically, I adjusted my tie. She had seen me running for the train: maybe this was my lucky day after all. I prepared to say hello.She spoke first, however. “Would you like my seat?” she asked. “You look rather ill.” That was the day on which I realized I was getting middle-aged.。
现代大学英语精读第一册 Lesson3
Lesson Three Message of the LandTeaching Objectives:A.To know the background information about the author, and the style of this text.B.To acquire the key words, important and difficult sentences and language pointsC.To understand and master the usage of the basic rhetorical devices: simile andmetaphorD.To understand the connotation of the title and main idea of the text. Teaching Procedure:I.Pre-task1. Warm upIndividual questions:●The title “Message of the Land’ means that land can convey something to people.Then what does land convey to people, or what role does land play in people’s daily life in your mind?●What is people’s attitude to land nowadays?2. Background information:The author:Pira Sudham(1942~)is an English writer in Thailand . He was born in a poor family in rural Esarn, in the northeast of the country. At the age of 14, he traveled to Bangkok to become a temple boy, a servant to the monks. He continued to study and won entrance to Thailand’s top University, Chulalongkorn. He later won a New Zealand government scholarship which allowed him to travel from New Zealand to Australia, China’s Hong Kong and Europe. Pira Sudham never forgets Esarn, where he experienced poverty and injustices in his early years, and which became the background for many of his short stories and novels. His novel Monsoon Country made him a nominee for the 1990 Nobel Prize for the literature. This text is adapted from the farmer and his wife in guidebook to better reading series published in 1982. The city: BangkokBangkok, population 8,538,610 (1990), is the capital and largest city of Thailand. The city is located on the east bank of the Chao Phraya River, near the Gulf of Thailand. Bangkok is one of the fastest-growing, most economically dynamic and socially progressive cities in Southeast Asia. Local people like to think that it is emerging as a regional centre to rival Singapore and Hong Kong, but it suffers from major infrastructure and social problems as a result of its rapid growth. It is also one of the world's most popular tourist destinations.Bangkok is the economic center of Thailand. The Chao Phraya River allows Bangkok to function as a port. The Stock Exchange of Thailand is located in Bangkok. Tourism is a major source of revenue. The city contains many Buddhist temples (known in Thai as Wats), among the best known being Wat Pho and Wat Arun. Thailand BuddhismBuddhism is Thailand's main religion. 94% of Thai people are Buddhist. The other are Muslim, Catholic or Chinese. Buddhism was born 2,546 years ago (the official year in Thailand is the year 2003 and the traditional year is the year 2546). Buddhism is linked with the historical Indian prince, Siddharta Gautama, who became the Buddha and reached the enlightenment. Now his teachings are still followed. His teachings say that people suffer because they are attached to material things, to women or men by heart links. These links cause suffer, jealousy so pain. People are never satisfied, i.e. they want more money, more power. The aim of Buddhism is to get rid of these pains and of these links. There are several kinds of Buddhism. Thai Buddhism is called Theravada Buddhism.Quote from the author:The following is a part of the author’s remarks, based on which we can have a glimpse of the poor of Tailand.“If I had not left my village then, I would have been subject like most villagers, to the mercy of nature: floods, drought, disease, ignorance and scarcity. With endurance, I would have accepted them as my own fate, as something I can not go against in this life.”II. Task cycle:Theme of the text:The text tells about the deep regret of the old people over the loss of traditional values and the way of life.Structure of the text:The text can be divided into two parts:Part I (paras 1-7): about the interview of wife.Part II: (paras. 8—11) about the farmer’s speechIn-class discussion:Question: What kind of writing does this text belong to?Answer: This text is an essay in a very broad sense of the word, or rather an interview.It is written down by the writer who interviewed a farmer and his wife.(Since the World War II it has become popular for writers to interviewpeople, record what they say and, after some, not too much, editing, publishthese people’s stories in book form.)Question: What are stylistic features of essay?Answer: Generally speaking, the style of essay is colloquial. The language is straightforward. The sentences are short and words are small and easy,which help readers to understand what’s going on.Questions in mind:●What do we learn from the old couple in the interview? What are theircharacteristics?●What problems does the old couple meet with?●What is the root of the problem?●Are there any effective ways to solve the problem?Detailed study of the Text:1). They belonged to my parents and forefathers. (para1)to belong to sb: to be owned by sb.“Yes, these are our rice fields. They belonged to my parents and forefathers. The land is more than three centuries old.”Question: In the first paragraph,why does the wife start her conversation with the talk about the land?Answer: The wife has already regarded the land as part of her life. This is the land where her parents and forefathers lived and it is bound with family historyand tradition. It represents the root of her family.2). …it was I who stayed with my parents till they died. (para1)Sentence structure: the emphatic structure.Pattern: it is \was …that\who…Function: to emphasize some parts in a sentence,e.g. the subject.It was the policeman that/who caught a pickpocket on No. 933 bus yesterday.e.g. the object.It was a pickpocket that the policeman caught on No. 933 bus yesterday.e.g. the adverbialIt was on No.933 bus that the policeman caught a pickpocket yesterday. (the adverbial of place)It was yesterday that the policeman caught a pickpocket on No. 933 bus. (the adverbial of time)Task: Make sentence according to each pattern3). My husband moved into my house as is the way with us in Esarn. (para 1) “As” introduces a defining relative clause, and functions as its subject, representing what is stated in the main clauses.More examples:⏹As is known to all, Taiwan belongs to China. (as-----subject of the clause)⏹As is often the case, the boy was late for class. (as-----subject of the clause) Question: What is the cultural connotation in this sentence?Answer: When we got married) my husband came to live in our house. It was the tradition here in Esarn that the bridegroom should come to live with the bride’s family.4). The rest, two boys and two girls, went away as soon as we could afford to buy jeans for them. ( para 1)the rest (of sth): the remaining people or things; the otherse.g. 其中一本书比较难，其他的简单。
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Contents
1 Theme: Describing people 2 Function：identifying people;describing aFra bibliotekpearance
Foreword
As an old proverb goes: don't judge a person by his appearance, people always turn their backs upon those who pay much attention to appearance. However, it is also important and practical sometimes, especially when it comes to get acquainted with someone unfamiliar, to introduce your friends and to evaluate them. Therefore, let us learn how to describe a person from all-round perspective.
---From Sister Carrie 他穿的衣服是栗色方格花呢做 的，在当时是刚流行的，不过不 久便成了一般生意人的套装了。 背心领口开得很低，露出白底粉 红条子的笔挺的衬衫。上装袖口 ，露出一双花式相同的花袖口， 扣着又大又扁的金纽扣，上面镶 嵌着叫“猫儿眼”的黄玛瑙。
layout
outer features
❖ 4. generous, loyal, self-controlled, moody, trusting, modest, tolerant, friendly
❖ 5. energetic, confident, selfish, shy, stubborn, reliable, clumsy, intelligent
Attention
❖ when describing a person, you have to mind your words. similar in meaning as some words are, they differ from one another in range and colors. For example:
不整洁的 large,
）shabby, small,
smart, tidy, bright,
messy
narrow.
almond-
shaped
refer to the
textbook( 参照书本)
personality
❖ 1. careful, hard-working, worried, cheerful, broadminded, active, curious, secretive.
bonny
positive
thanks for your attention
感 谢 关 注
hight
build age face clothes eyes facial features
character/ personality negtive positive
❖ Here is a list of useful expressions
Hight Build Age
Face clothes eyes
facial feature s
tall, tallish, frail,
young,
short,
stocky, elderly,
shortish, slim, thin, middle-
medium plump, fat, aged,
height
skinny, teenager,
well-built in 20s,
How do we Chinese describe a people?
“两弯似蹙非蹙罥烟眉，一双 似泣非泣含露目。态生两靥之愁 ，娇袭一身之病。泪光点点，娇 喘微微。娴静似娇花照水，行动 如弱柳扶风。心较比干多一窍， 病如西子胜三分。”
"面若中秋之月，色如春晓之 花，鬓若刀裁，眉如墨画，面如 桃瓣，目若秋波。虽怒时而若笑 ，即嗔视而有情”；面如敷粉， 唇若施脂，转盼多情，语言常笑 。天然一段风韵全在眉梢；平生 万种情思，悉堆眼角。"
How do Americans describe a
people?
His suit was of a striped and crossed pattern of brown wool, new at that time, but since become familiar as a business suit. The low crotch of the vest revealed a stiff shirt bosom of white and pink stripes. From his coat sleeves produced a pair of linen cuffs of the same pattern, fastened with large, gold plate buttons, set with the common yellow agates known as "cat's eye".
skinny
negtive
anorexic
medical
underweight negtive
thin
negtive
slim
positive
slender
positive
fat tubby
negtive negtive
overweight negtive
plump
neutral
stocky
positive
❖ 2. aggressive, tough, careless, practical, sensible, independent, strong-minded, stupid
❖ 3. dull, boring, imaginative, ambitious, crafty, sensitive, gentle, naive
30s, 40s
round, oval, （鹅 蛋脸） square, with scares, wrinkles, freckles, suntanned, pale
additional： moustache, beard, whisker
casual, big round
scruffy, （ blue eyes,