2020-2021年大学英语四级考试真题(第二套)及答案

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2020年12月英语四级真题及答案第二套(网络整理版)

2020年12月英语四级真题及答案第二套(网络整理版)2020年12月英语四级真题及答案第二套2020年12月的英语四级考试已经结束，考生们迫不及待地想要知道真题及答案。

以下是网络整理版的2020年12月英语四级真题及答案第二套，希望能为大家提供参考。

听力部分（略）阅读部分（略）第一节翻译1. 答案：In the past few years, an increasing number of college students have been involved in part-time jobs. This phenomenon has aroused wide public concern.2. 答案：The rapid development of information technology has brought about many changes in people's lifestyles and work patterns. More and more people choose to work from home.3. 答案：It is universally acknowledged that environmental protection is crucial to our existence. As a result, many countries have implemented measures to reduce pollution and promote sustainable development.4. 答案：The government has introduced a series of policies to encourage innovation and entrepreneurship among young people. This has resulted in a significant increase in the number of startups in recent years.第二节阅读理解5. 答案：C. The growing popularity of paid paternity leave.6. 答案：A. The importance of early intervention in language development.7. 答案：D. The need for parents to help their children develop good study habits.8. 答案：B. By reducing job positions and cutting costs.9. 答案：C. The role of sleep in memory consolidation.10. 答案：A. Using mobile devices to deliver personalized learning experiences.11. 答案：D. The potential negative effects of excessive exposure to artificial lighting.12. 答案：A. People feel more relaxed when they are surrounded by plants.第三节完形填空13. 答案：B. citizens14. 答案：A. committed15. 答案：C. gain16. 答案：B. diverse17. 答案：A. difference18. 答案：C. supplement19. 答案：D. creating20. 答案：B. addressed21. 答案：D. accomplish22. 答案：A. measures23. 答案：C. potential24. 答案：A. enhance25. 答案：B. access26. 答案：D. correspondingly27. 答案：C. available28. 答案：B. opportunity29. 答案：A. simple30. 答案：C. achieve写作部分第一节作文近年来，网购在我国迅速发展，改变了人们的消费方式。

662.6月英语四级真题(第2套)及答案

2021年6月大学英语四级真题(第2套)及答案PartⅠWriting (30 minutes)Direction:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?注意：此局部试题请在答题卡1上作答。

注意：此局部试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Part II Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此局部试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2021年12月大学英语四级考试题(第2套)

2021 年12 月大学英语四级考试真题（第2 套）Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: Suppose you have just participated in a school project of collecting used books on campus. You are now to write a report about the project, which may include its aim, organizers, participants and activities. You will have 30 minutes to write the report. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.PartⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A) It found a pet dog on board a plane to a city in Texas.B)It had one of its cargo planes land at a wrong a irportC)It sent two dogs to the wrong destinations.D)It had two of its domestic flights mixed up2.A) Correct their mistake as soon as possible.B)Give the two pets a physical c heckup.C)Hire a charter jet to bring the pets back.D)Send another plane to continue the flight.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A) She weighs 130 kilograms B) She has had babies beforeC) She was brought from Africa. D) She has a big family of six.4.A) It took 22 hours. B) It had some complicationsC) It was smooth. D) It was monitored by Dr. Sue Tygielski Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A) It enjoyed great popularity. B) It started business three years ago.C) It was frequented by newly-weds D) It was built above the sea-water.6.A) Expand his business on the beach.B)Replace the restaurant’s wooden deck.C)Post a picture of his restaurant online.D)Celebrate his silver wedding anniversary.7.A) She sold it for two thousand dollarsB)She took it to the restaurant m anagerC)She posted its picture on F acebookD)she returned it to its owner right awaySection BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A) The number of ducks has declined sharply in recent years.B)Climate change has little effect on the lives of wild ducks.C)Duck meat is not eaten in Australia, Canada and the U.S.D)Duck hunting remains legal in many parts of the world.9.A) Droughts. B) Bushfires.C) Farming. D) Hunting.10.A) They are not easy to domesticate. B) Their meat is not that popular.C) It is not environmentally friendly D) It is not considered cost-effective11 A) They hunted ducks as a traditional sport. B) They killed wild ducks and geese for food.C) They raised ducks and geese for their eggs. D) They poisoned wild ducks in large numbers Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) Have her house repainted B) Replace some of her old furnitureC) Move into a newly-painted house D) Calculate the cost of the paint j ob13.A) How long the work will take B) How much the work will cost.C) How the paint job is to be done. D) How many workers are needed14.A) Cover up her furniture B) Ask some friends for helpC)Stay somewhere else D) Oversee the work herself15.A) She could have asked a friend for help with the paint jobB)Painting a house involves more trouble than she thoughtC)she should have repainted her house much earlierD)Moving her furniture is harder than the paint jobSection CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) To cultivate good habits.B)To prepare for secondary school.C)To review what is learned in classD)To stimulate interest in learning.17.A) Discuss their academic achievements with themB)Create an ideal study environment for themC)Allow them to learn independentlyD)Check their homework promptly18.A) Finish them before they get tiredB)Tackle the most difficult task firstC)Start with something they enjoyD)Focus on the most important onesQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) Workers who meet its body weight standardsB)Workers who can lose 30 pounds in a yearC)Workers who try the hardest to lose weightD)W orkers who are in the top 10% of the slimmest20.A) ImpracticalB)InconsistentC)UnmanageableD)Unfair21.A) Offer them much fatter bonuses.B)Improve working environment.C)Encourage healthy behaviorsD)Provide free lunch and snacksQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A) It has not done enough to help left-handed children.B)It has treated left-handed children as being d isabled.C)It has not built facilities specially for the left-handed.D)It has ignored campaigns on behalf of the left-handed.23.A) They are as intelligent as other children.B)They have a distinctive style of handwritingC)They sometimes have psychological problems.D)They tend to have more difficulties in learning.24.A) Punish teachers discriminating against left-handed studentsB)Lay more emphasis on improving children’s mental healthC)Encourage students to develop various professional skillsD)Keep track of left-handed children’s school performance,25.A) How they can be reduced in number.B)Why their numbers are so highC)What percentage they account forD)If their percentage keeps increasingPart ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select oneword for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter: Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.It is commonly believed that the great English dramatist and poet William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-on-Avon on April 23, 1564. But it is impossible to know the 26 day on which he was born. Church records show he was baptized( 施洗礼)on April 26, and three days was a customary amount of time to wait before baptizing a newly born bab y. Shakespeare’s date of death is 27 known, however: it was April 23, 1616. He was 52 and had retired to Stratford three years before.Although few plays have been performed or analyzed as extensively as the 38 plays Shakespeare wrote, there are few surviving details about his life.This 28 of biographical information is due primarily to his social 29 ; he was not a noble, but the son of a leather trader.Shakespeare 30 attended the grammar school in Stratford, where he would have studied Latin and read 31 literature. He did not go to university and at age 18 married Anne Hathaway, who was eight years his 32 .They had four children, including the twins, Hamnet and Judith. Nothing is known of the period between the birth of the twins and Shakespeare’s 33 as a dramatist in London in the early 1590sIn a million words written over 20 years, he 34 the full range of human emotions and conflicts with a 35 that remains sharp today. As his great contemporary the poet and dramatist Ben Jonson said, “He was not of an age, but for all time.”A)captured I)precisionB)classical J)probablyC)conclusively K)qualityD)emergence L)scarcityE)exact M) seniorF)generated N)separatedG)particular O) systematicallyH)positionSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How to not be boring[A]Humans are creatures of habit. We love to establish a routine and stick with it. Then we often put ourselves on auto-pilot. Routines can be incredibly useful in helping you get things done. However, too much of a routine can also make you incredibly boring. Nevertheless, many people live lives that are boringly predictable, or live a life where everything is outlined or planned.[B]To tell the truth, interesting people are more popular among their friends. If you don’t arouse someone's curiosity or brighten someone’s day, you probably come across as being a little bit dull. But that doesn’t mean your life has ended and you can't do anything to change it. If you find yourself searching for something to say beyond small talk, try these tactics to find more interesting approaches to conversation.[C]Recently, I was at a gathering of colleagues when someone turned to me and asked, "So, what's new with you?” Ordinarily, I think I’m a good conversationalist. After all,it's literally my job to talk to people and tell their stories or share their advice. And that's not exactly an unexpected question. Still, the only “new-lo-me” topics that came to mind were my daughter’s basketball tournament （锦标赛）and my feelings about that morning’s political headlines neither amusing nor appropriate topics at that moment.[D]Oh, no, I thought.Have I become boring? But sharing our experiences in an authentic way to connect with other people is what makes us interesting, says associate professor Michael Pirson.The hesitation I felt in not sharing the ordinary things that were happening in my life, and the wild mental search for something more interesting, may have backfired and made me seem less interesting.[E]“If someone is making up some conversation that might be interesting, it’s probably not going to land well,” says Pirson, whose expertise includes trust and well-being, mindfulness, and humanistic management. “It’s going to feel like a made-up conversation that people don’t necessarily want to tune in to.”[F]The most interesting people aren’t those who've gone on some Eat, Pray, Love journey to find themselves. Instead, Pirson says, they’re those who examine the ordinary.” Often, the ‘boring things’ may not be boring at all. Maybe they are actually little miracles," he says. Share yourobservations about the world around you --- interesting stories you heard or things you noticed---and you may be surprised by the universal connection they inspire.[G]This is essentially how Jessica Hagy starts her day. The author of How to Be Interesting: An Instruction Manual, Hagy spends a lot of time thinking about what's interesting to her. People who are interesting are persistently curious, she says.[H]Think about the everyday things around you and ask questions about them. What is that roadside monument I sec on my way to work every day? Who built that interesting building in my city? What nearby attractions haven’t I visited? Why do people do things that way? Use what you find to ask more questions and learn more about the world around you. “Having that sort of curiosity is almo st like a protective gear from getting into boredom,” she says. And when you find things that are truly interesting to you, share them.[I]Television veteran Audrey Morrissey, executive producer of NBC’s The Voice, is always looking for what will make a person or story interesting to viewers. It’s usually a matter of individuality. “Having a strong point of' view, signature style, or being a super-enthusiast in a particular field makes someone interesting," she says. That means embracing what is truly interest ing or unique about yourself. “Many people are ‘not boring’ in the way that they can carry a conversation or can be good at a social gathering, etc. To be interesting means that you have lived life, taken risks, traveled, sought out experience to learn for yourself and share with others," she says.[J]Of course, it’s possible to be a fountain of knowledge and a boring person, says public relations consultant Andrea Pass, Paying attention to the listener is an important part of having a conversation that’s inte resting to both parties. Talking on and on about what’s interesting to you isn’t going to make you an interesting person, she says.[K]“If the listener is not paying attention, it’s your sign to shorten the story or change direction. Make sure to bring the audience into the conversation so that it is not one-sided,” Pass says. Be a better listener yourself, and give others opportunities to participate in the conversation by inviting them with questions or requests to share their own experiences or thoughts.(e.g., “Now,tell me about your favorite book,” or “Have you ever been to that attraction?”) Questions are a powerful tool, especially when they encourage others to disclose information about themselves. A 2012 study from the University of California, Santa Barbara, found that roughly 40% of the time we are talking, we’re disclosing subjective information about our experience. And when we’re doing so, our brains are more engaged. So one strategy to leave others with the impression that you’re a sparkling conversation partner is to get others to talk. about themselves.[L]Being relatable is also essential, Morrissey says."The best entertainment and storytelling comes from people who are relatable---those who don’t shy away from opening up but freely share who they are and what they care about.These are the people viewers most relate to and find interesting. Being authentic, honest, and vulnerable is always interesting."[M]I have now come to realize that being boring, in actuality, is not only about who you are as aperson, but also how you present yourself. No matter what, make sure you are having fun in life. Because when you are enjoying, people around you will begin to enjoy as well. Show some interest in them and they will definitely show some in you. If' you are a very reserved person, this could be a little difficult at first. But with a little effort, you can definitely improve.36.Pirson claims that some ordinary things may often prove to be miraculously interesting.37.To make a conversation interesting, it is important that you listen to the other party attentively.38.A person who is unable to stimulate others’ curiosity or make their life enjoyable may appear somewhat boring.39.Interesting people usually possess certain unique qualities, according to a TV program producer.40.Be interested in others and they are sure to be interested in you.41.The author considers himself usually good at conducting conversations.42.Interesting people are always full of curiosity.43.Falling into a routine can turn a person into an utter bore.44.One strategy to be a good conversationalist is to morivate your partner to tell their own stories.45.lnteresting as it might appear, a made-up conversation will probably turn out to be dull. Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.With obesity now affecting 2% of the population in England, and expected to rise to 35% by 2030, should we now recognise if as a disease? Obesity, in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that health may be adversely affected, meets the dictionary definition of disease, argues Professor John Wilding. He points out that more than 200 genes influence weight. “Thus body weight is strongly influenced by biology----it is not an individual’s fault if they develop obesity." Yet the widespread view is that obesity is self-induced and that it is entirely the individual's responsibility to do something about it. Recognising obesity as a chronic disease with severe complications rather than a lifestyle choice “should help reduce the stigma ( 耻辱）and discrimination experienced by many people with obesity.” he adds.Professor Wilding disagrees that labelling a high proportion of the population as having a disease removes personal responsibility or may overwhelm health services, pointing out that other common diseases, such as high blood pressure and diabetes, require people to take action to manage their condition. He suggests that most people with obesity will eventually develop complications. “But unless we accept that obesity is a disease, we are not going to be able to tackle it.” he concludes.But Dr.Richard Pile, a physician with a special interest in diabetes, argues that adopting this approach"could actually result in worse outcomes for individuals and society.” He believes that he dictionary definition of disease “is so vague that we can classify almost a nything as a disease” and says the question is not whether we can, but whether we should, and to what end.If labelling obesity as a disease was harmless then it wouldn’t really matter, he writes. But labelling obesity as a disease “risks reducing autonomy, disempowering and robbing people of the intrinsic(内在的)motivation that is such an important enabler of change.” What’s more, making obesity a disease “may not benefit patients, but it will benefit healthcare providers and the pharmaceutical(制药的)industry when health insurance and clinical guidelines promote treatment with drugs and surgery,”he warns.46.What does Professor John Wilding argue about obesity?A)Its impact on society is expected to rise.B)It is now too widespread to be neglected.C)It should be regarded as a genetic disease.D)I ts dictionary definition should be updated.47.What is the popular view of obesity?A)It is difficult to define.B)It is a modem disease.C)It has much to do with one’s genes.D)It results from a lack of self-control.48.Why are some people opposed to labelling obesity as a disease?A)Obese people would not feel responsible to take any action.B)Obese people would not be able to afford the medical costs.C)Obese people would be overwhelmed with anxiety.D)O bese people would be discriminated against.49.What does Dr. Richard Pile think of the dictionary definition of disease?A)It is of no use in understanding obesity.B)It is too inclusive and thus lacks clarity.C)It helps little to solve patients’ problems.D)It matters little to the debate over obesity.50.What is Dr. Richard Pile's concern about classifying obesity as a disease?A)It may affect obese people’s quality of life.B)It may accelerate the spread of obesity.C)It may cause a shortage of doctors.D)It may do little good to patients.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Nationwide, only about three percent of early childhood teachers are male in the U.S. Expertssay this can have an impact on young children whose understanding of gender roles and identity are rapidly forming. Research has found that having access to diverse teachers is beneficial for children. For the youngest learners, it means they are more likely to get exposed to different varieties of play and communication. It also helps them develop healthy ideas around gender.“In our world and our society, we have very specific stereotypes（模式化形象）of gender roles,”said Mindi Reich-Shapiro, an assistant professor in the teacher education department of the Borough of Manhattan Community College, and one of the authors of a recent study.” It’s important for children to see other possibilities and other paths they can take.”Despite mostly feeling supported by colleagues and family members,many of the male educators surveyed in the study reported facing social or cultural resistance in their careers as early education teachers. Some also reported that there were parents surprised or concerned that their child had a male teacher. And they had been advised by colleagues or other staff not to hug children.Reich-Shapiro and fellow researchers made several recommendations lo increase male representation in the field. Low pay has long been acknowledged as a major issue in the early childhood field. Over 70% of male educators who said they intended to stay in the early education workforce noted an increased salary was a major motivating factor for them to commit to the career long-term. The report suggests paying all early childhood educators the way elementary school teachers are paid.Cities and programs should establish support groups for male early childhood educators and provide mentoring and professional development advice for male educators and their program leaders.The authors also suggest that traditional recruitment approaches for early childhood educators “do not address the gender gap in the field.” They recommend providing young men opportunities to work with children through training and volunteer programs, targeting groups of men who are considering a career change, such as fathers.51.What do we learn from the first paragraph about early childhood education in the U.S.?A)It helps raise children’s awareness of gender roles.B)It exposes children to different ways of interaction.C)It is negatively impacted by a lack of male teachers.D)It clearly aims to form children’s identity through play.52.What does Mindi Reich-Shapiro emphasize in her comment on childhood education?A)The importance of broadening children’s horizons.B)The responsibilities of fathers for children’s growth.C)T he urgency of creating teacher education programs.D)T he role of teachers in motivating children to learn.53.What do we learn about male teachers from their responses in the study?A)Some of them find it awkward when hugging children.B)They feel pressured to keep up with female colleagues.C)They find it hard to meet the expectations of kids’ parents.D)M any of them feel prejudiced against socially and culturally.54.What is needed for men to commit to early childhood education?A)Higher pay.B)Job security.C)Social recognition.D)Better working conditions.55.What do the authors of the study recommend to bridge the gender gap in early childhood education?A)Recruiting young men who have a passion for educating young children.B)Taking measures to attract prospective male teachers to work in the field.C)Persuading prospective fathers to consider a change in their c areer.D)Providing male teachers with more opportunities for advancement.Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.大运河(Grand Canal)是世界上最长的人工河，北起北京，南至杭州。

2021年6月英语四级真题及答案解析(第二套)

Part I Writing ( 30 minutes) �.1<.�iMpp 1:l��f§ffi""F Directions: For this part, you are allowed 80 minutes to write an essay titled "Is technology making peoplelazy?". The statement given below is for your reference. You should write at least180 words. words but no more than Many studies claim that computers distract people, make them lazy tmnkers and even lower their work efficiency.Part ]IListening Comprehension ( 25 minutes)Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A) See the Pope.C)Travel to Germany.B)Go to Newcastle.2.A) He was taken to hospital in an ambulance.B)His car hit a sign and was badly damaged.-8)-His-GPS-system-went out of-order;--D)He ended up in the wrong place.D)Tour an Italian city.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A) Scotland will reach the national target in carbon emissions reduction ahead of schedule.B)Glasgow City Council has made a deal with ScottishPower on carbon emissions.C)Glasgow has pledged to take the lead in reducing carbon emissions in the UK.D)First Minister Nicola Sturgeon urged ScottishPower to reduce carbon emissions.4.A) Glasgow needs to invest in new technologies to reach its goal.B)Glasgow is going to explore new sources of renewable energy.C)Stricter regulation is needed in transforming Glasgow's economy.D)It's necessary to create more low-emission zones as soon as possible.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A) It donates money to overpopulated animal shelters.B)It permits employees to bring cats into their office.C)It gives 5,000 yen to employees who keep pet cats.D)It allows workers to do whatever their hearts desire.2021年6月英语四级真题及答案解析（第二套）6.A) Keep cats off the street.C)Volunteer to help in animal shelters.B)Rescue homeless cats.D)Contribute to a fund for cat protection.7.A) It has contributed tremendously to the firm's fame.B)It has helped a lot to improve animals' well-being.C)It has led some other companies to follow suit.D)It has resulted in damage to office equipment.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions wili be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A) Find out where Jimmy is.C)Make friends with Jimmy.B)Borrow money from Jimmy.D)Ask Jimmy what is to be done.9.A) He was unsure what kind of fellow Jimmy was.B)He was working on a study project with Jimmy.C)He wanted to make a sincere apology to Jimmy.D)He wanted to invite her to join in a study project.10.A) He got a ticket for speeding.C)He was involved in a traffic accident.B)He got his car badly damaged.D)He had an operation for his injury.11.A) He needed to make some donation to charity.B)He found the 60 pounds in his pocket missing.C)He wanted to buy a gift for his mother's birthday.D)He wanted to conceal something from his parents.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) Shopping delivery.C)Where he goes shopping.B)Shopping online.D)How often he does shopping.13.A) Searching in the aisles.C)Driving too long a distance.B)Dealing with the traffic.D)Getting one's car parked.14.A) The after-sales service.C)The quality of food products.B)The replacement policy.D)The damage to the packaging.15.A) It saves money.C)It increases the joy of shopping.B)It offers more choice.D)It is less time-consuming.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once . After you hear a question , you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ) , B ) , C ) and D ) . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) They have little talent for learning math.B)They need_�«!dical help f�� math anxiety. __They need extra help to catch up in the math class.D)They have strong negative emotions towards math.17.A) It will gradually pass aw a y without teachers' help.B)It affects low performing children only.C)It is related to a child's low intelligence.D)It exists mostly among children from poor families.18.A) Most of them have average to strong math ability.B)Most of them get timely help from their teachers.C)They will regain confidence with counselling.D)They are mostly secondary school students.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) Social media addiction is a threat to our health.B)Too many people are addicted to smartphones.C)Addiction to computer games is a disease.D)Computer games can be rather addictive.20.A) They prioritize their favored activity over what they should do.B)They do their favored activity whenever and wherever possible.C)They are unaware of the damage their behavior is doing to them.D)They are unable to get rid of their addiction without professional help.21.A) It may be less damaging than previously believed.B)There will never be agreement on its harm to people.C)It may prove to be beneficial to developing creativity.D)There is not enough evidence to classify it as a disease.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A) They are relatively uniform in color and design.B)They appear more formal than other passports.C)They are a shade of red bordering on brown.D)They vary in color from country to country.23.A) They must endure wear and tear.C)They must be made from a rare material.B)They must be of the same size.D)They must follow some common standards. ----24� -A7 -'Fh e y-l ook-mo re-t r aditio n a l-;---------------C-)T he y a re fa v ored -by-a i r li nes-; ----------B)They look more official.25.A) For beauty.B) For variety.Part D[ Section A Reading ComprehensionD)They are easily identifiable.C)For visibility.D)For security.( 40 minutes)Directions: In this section , there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. &eh choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once .Social isolation poses more health risks than obesity or smoking 15 cigarettes a day, according to research published by Brigham Young University. The� is that loneliness is a huge, if silent, risk factor.Loneliness affects physical health in two ways. First, it produces stress hormones that can lead to many health problems. Second, people who live alone are less likely to go to the doctor _E_, toexercise or to eat a healthy diet.Public health experts in many countries are � how to address widespread loneliness in our society. Last year Britain even appointed a minister for loneliness. "Loneliness � almost every one of us at some point," its minister for loneliness Baroness Barran said. "It can lead to very serious health 30 for individuals who become isolated and disconnected. "Barran started a "Let's Talk Loneliness" campaign that ___l!_ difficult conversations across Britain. He is now supporting "_;g_ benches," which are public seating areas where people are encouraged to go and chat with one another. The minister is also _lL to stop public transportation from being cut in ways that leave people isolated.More than one-fifth of adults in both the United States and Britain said in a 2018 ____M_ that they often or always feel lonely. More than half of American adults are unmarried, and researchers have found that even among those who are married, 30% of relationships are � strained. A quarter of Americans now live alone, and as the song says, one is the loneliest number.A)abruptly F)friendly K)severelyB)appointments G)hindered L)sparkedC)consequences H)idiom M)splittingD)debating I)implication N)surveyE)dimensions J)pushing0)touchesSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is d eri ved. You may choose a paragraph more than once. &eh paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the correspondin g letter on Answer Sheet 2.What happens when a language bas no words for numbers?A)Numbers do not exist in all cultures. There are numberless hunter-gatherers in Amazonia, living alongbranches of the world's largest river tree. Instead of using words for precise quantities, these people rely exclusively on terms similar to "a few" or "some. " In contrast, our own lives are governed by numbers. As you read this, you are likely aware of what time it is, how old you are, your checking account balance, your weight and so on. The exact numbers we think with impact everything in our lives.B)But, in a historical sense, number-conscious people like us are the unusual ones. For the bulk of ourspecies' approximately 200, OOO-year lifespan, we had no means of precisely representing quantities.What's more, the 7 ,OOO or so languages that exist today vary dramatically in how they utilize numbers.C)Speakers of anumeric, or numberless, languages offer a window into how the invention of numbersreshaped the human experience. Otltures without nwnbers, or with only one or two precise numbers, include the Munduruku and Piraha in Amazonia. Researchers have also studied some adults in Nicaragua who were never taught number words. Without numbers, healthy human adults struggle to precisely distinguish and recall quantities as low as four. In an experiment, a researcher will place nuts into a can one at a time and then remove them one by one. The person watching is asked to signal when all the nuts have been removed. Responses suggest that anumeric people have some trouble keeping track of how many nuts remain in the can, even if there are only four or five in total.D)This and many otherexiteriment s hav-e led to�a simple�conclusion�J\lhe�peopl�dQD.QtJ1av-e�um be rwords, they struggle to make quantitative distinctions that probably seem natural to someone like you or me. While only a small portion of the world's languages are anumeric or nearly anumeric, theydemonstrate that number words are not a human universal.E)It is worth stressing that these anumeric people are cognitively (,1£R� -jj" i:1) normal, well-adapted tothe surroundings they have dominated for centuries. As a child, I spent some time living with anumeric people, the Piraha who live along the banks of the black Maici River. Like other outsiders, I was continually impressed by their superior understanding of the ecology we shared. Yet numberless people struggle with tasks that require precise discrimination between quantities. Perhaps this should be unsurprising. After all, without counting, how can someone tell whether there are, say, seven or eight coconuts (� -1-) in a tree? Such seemingly straightforward distinctions become blurry through numberless eyes.F)This conclusion is echoed by work with anumeric children in industrialized societies. Prior to beingspoon-fed number words, children can only approximately discriminate quantities beyond three. We must be handed the cognitive tools of numbers before we can consistently and easily recognize higher quantities. In fact, acquiring the exact meaning of number words is a painstaking process that takes children years. Initially, kids learn numbers much like they learn letters. They recognize that numbers are organized sequentially, but have little awareness of what each individual number means. With time, they start to understand that a given number represents a quantity greater by one than the number coming before it. This "successor principle" is part of the f o undation of our numerical (��e{j) cognition, but requires extensive practice to understand.G)None of us, then, is really a "numbers person." We are not born to handle quantitative distinctionsskillfully. In the absence of the cultural traditions that fill our lives with numbers from infancy, we would all struggle with even basic quantitative distinctions. Number words and their written forms transform our quantitative reasoning as they are introduced into our cognitive experience by our parents, peers and school teachers. The process seems so normal that we sometimes think of it as a natural part of growing up, but it is· not. Human brains come equipped with certain quantitative instincts that are refined with age, but these instincts are very limited.H)Compared with other mammals, our numerical instincts are not as remarkable as many assume. Weeven share some basic instinctual quantitative reasoning with distant non-mammalian relatives like birds. Indeed, work with some other species suggests they too can refine their quantitative thought if--------they are introduced to the cognitive power tools we call numbers.I)So, how did we ever invent "unnatural" numbers in the first place? The answer is, literally, at yourfingertips. The bulk of the world's languages use base-10, base-20 or base-5 number systems. That is, these smaller numbers are the basis of larger numbers. English is a base-10 or decimal (-r :ttr.-$1] e{j ) language, as evidenced by words like 14 ("f o ur"+ "10") and 31 ("three" X "10" +"one"). We speak a decimal language because an ancestral tongue, proto-Indo-European, was decimally based. Proto-IndoEuropean was decimally oriented because, as in so many cultures, our ancestors' hands served as the gateway to the realization that "five fingers on one hand is the same as five fingers on the other. " Such momentary thoughts were represented in words and passed down across generations. This is why the word"five" in many languages is derived from the word for "hand." Most number systems, then, are the by-product of two key factors: the human capacity for language and our inclination for focusing on our hands and fingers. This manual fixation-an indirect by-product of walking upright on two legshas helped yield numbers in most cultures, but not all.J)Cultures without numbers also off e r insight into the cognitive influence of particular numeric traditions. Consider what time it is. Your day is ruled by minutes and seconds, but these concepts are not real in any physical sense and are nonexistent to numberless people. Minutes and seconds are the verbal and written representations of an uncommon base-60 number system used in ancientMesopotamia. They reside in our minds, numerical artifacts (A..I.!� �) that not all humans inherit conceptually.K)Research on the language of numbers shows, more and more, that one of our species' key characteristics is tremendous linguistic ( ii i. €r?) and cognitive diversity. If we are to truly understand how much our cognitive lives differ cross-culturally, we must continually explore the depths of our species' linguistic diversity.36.It is difficult for anumeric people to keep track of the change in numbers even when the total is very small.37.Human numerical instincts are not so superior to those of other mammals as is generally believed.38.The author emphasizes being anumeric does not affect one's cognitive ability.39.In the long history of mankind, humans who use numbers are a very small minority.40.An in-depth study of differences between human languages contributes to a true understanding ofcognitive differences between cultures.41.A conclusion has been drawn from many experiments that anumeric people have a hard timedistinguishing quantities.42.Making quantitative distinctions is not an inborn skill.43.Every aspect of our lives is affected by numbers.rger numbers are said to be built upon smaller numbers.45.It takes great efforts for children to grasp the concept of number words.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is fallowed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Sugar shocked. That describes the reaction of many Americans this week following revelations that, 50 years ago, the sugar industry paid Harvard scientists for research that shifted the focus away from sugar's role in heart disease-and put the spotlight 0.i 1;€r? 4' 1\>') squarely on dietary fat.What might surprise consumers is just how many present-day nutrition studies are still funded by the food industry. Nutrition scholar Marion Nestle of New York University spent a year informally tracking industry-funded studies on food. "Roughly 90% of nearly 170 studies favored the sponsor's interest," Nestle tells us. Other systematic reviews support her conclusions.For instance, studies funded by Welch Foods-the brand behind Welch's 100% Grape Juice-found that drinking Concord grape juice daily may boost brain function. Another, funded by Quaker Oats, concluded, as a Daily Mail story put it, that "hot oatmeal ( �!: �) breakfast keeps you full for longer. "Last year, The New York Times revealed how Coca-Cola was funding well-known scientists and organizations promoting a message that, in the battle against weight gain, people should pay more attention to exercise and less to what they eat and drink. Coca-Cola also released data detailing its funding of several medical institutions and associations between 2010 and 2015."It's certainly a problem that so much research in nutrition and health is funded by industry," says Bonnie Liebman, director of nutrition at the Center for Science in the Public Interest. "When the food industry pays for research, it often gets what it pays for." And what it pays for is often a pro-industry finding._Giveathis�env ironment,_consumeruhould-beskepticaL(�/$-�AfJ-}-w hen-r eading-the-latest-findinginnutrition science and ignore the latest study that pops up on your news feed. "Rely on health experts who've reviewed all the evidence," Liebman says, pointing to the official government Dietary Guidelines,which are based on reviews of hundreds of studies."And that expert advice remains pretty simple," says Nestle. "We know what healthy diets are--lots of vegetables, not too much junk food, balanced calories. Everything else is really difficult to do experimentally. "46.What did Harvard scientists do 50 years ago?A)They raised public awareness of the possible causes of heart disease.B)They turned public attention away from the health risks of sugar to fat.C)They placed the sugar industry in the spotlight with their new findings.D)They conducted large-scale research on the role of sugar in people's health.47.What does Marion Nestle say about present-day nutrition studies?A)They took her a full year to track and analyze.B)Most of them are based on systematic reviews.C)They depend on funding from the food industries.D)Nearly all of them serve the purpose of the funders.48.What did Coca-Cola-funded studies claim?A)Exercise is more important to good health than diet.B)Choosing what to eat and drink is key to weight control.C)Drinking Coca-Cola does not contribute to weight gain.D)The food industry plays a major role in fighting obesity.49.What does Liebman say about industry-funded research?A)It simply focuses on nutrition and health.B)It causes confusion among consumers.C)It rarely results in objective findings.D)It runs counter to the public interest.50.What is the author's advice to consumers?A)Follow their intuition in deciding what to eat.B)Be doubtful of diet experts' recommendations.C)Ignore irrelevant information on their news feed.-------D)Think twice about new nutrition research findings.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to SS are based on the following passage.Success was once defined as being able to stay at a company for a long time and move up the corporate ladder. The goal was to reach the top, accumulate wealth and retire to a life of ease. My father is a successful senior executive. In 35 years, he worked for only three companies.When I started my career, things were already different. If you weren't changing companies every three or four years, you simply weren't getting ahead in your career. But back then, if you were a consultant or freelancer ( ro lb JfR 3k *) , people would wonder what was wrong with you. They would assume you had problems getting a job.Today, consulting or freelancing for five businesses at the same time is a badge of honor. It ·shows how valuable an individual is. Many companies now look to these "ultimate professionals" to solve problems their full-time teams can't. Or they save money by hiring "top-tier c-m � �) experts" only for particular projects.Working at home or in cafes, starting businesses of their own, and even launching business ventures that eventually may fail, all indicate "initiative," "creativity," and "adaptability," which are desirable qualities in today's workplace. Most important, there is a growing recognition that people who balancework and play, and who work at what they are passionate about, are more focused and productive, delivering greater value to their clients.Who are these people? They are artists, writers, programmers, providers of office services and career advice. What's needed now is a marketplace platform specifically designed to bring freelancers and clients together. Such platforms then become a place to feature the most experienced, professional, and creative talent. This is where they conduct business, where a sense of community reinforces the culture and values of the gig economy (-* .:c. � *") ,and where success is rewarded with good reviews that encourage more business.Slowly but surely, these platforms create a bridge between traditional enterprises and this emerging economy. P erhaps more important, as the global economy continues to be disrupted by technology and other massive change, the gig economy will itself become an engine of economic and social transformation.51.What does the author use the example of his father· t o illustrate?A)How long people took to reach the top of their career.B)How people accumulated wealth in his father's time.C)How people viewed success in his father's time.D)How long people usually stayed in a company.52.Why did people often change jobs when the author started his career?A)It was considered a fashion at that time.B)It was a way to advance in their career.C)It was a response to the changing job market.D)It was difficult to keep a job for long.53.What does the author say about people now working for several businesses at the same time?A)They are often regarded as most treasured talents.B)They are able to bring their potential into fuller play.C)They have control over their life and work schedules.D)They feel proud of being outstanding problem solver.54.What have businesses come to recognize now?A)Who is capable of solving problems with ease.B)How people can be more focused and productive.C)What kind of people can contribute more to them.D)Why some people are more passionate about work.55.What does the author say about the gig economy?A)It may force companies to reform their business practice.B)It may soon replace the traditional economic model.C)It will drive technological progress on a global scale.D)It will bring about radical economic and social changes.Part N Translation ( 30 minutes)Directions: For this part , you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.{tµf-(P u'er)-l=-�*1= 1f@lA...g-� o il-M-� {t�lf--l=-;,: m � 1*J � � 5<5t..Jf.i..#J (X ishuangbanna), �.:f.� q_. {il �,ffi-� JC$, 't1kf-�-l=-� Jl.h-f"1�;fr '� JJLi:fP k;f, :i£��Jle. .. m F.t.:lll��i!.m 1-t� -!IJ�o��{t�-l=-��±*��Jil*�*o f"�l=-��'�il��*J-l=-��o�µj"brew)11O 11�� o � o{t�lf--l=--*� j :#�。

2020年9月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第2套)

2020年9月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（第2套）听力答案：1.A) Ship traffic in the Atlantic.2.D) They may be affecting the world’s climate.3.C) To call for a permanent security guard.4.A) It had already taken strong action.5.B) The road was blocked.6.D) A track hit a barrier and overturned.7.B) It was a hard task to removing the spilled substance.8.A) She wanted to save for a new phone.9.D) They are less aware of the value of their money.10.B) More non-essential things.11.C) It may lead to excessive spending.12.C) He had a problem with the furniture delivered.13.B) Describe the furniture he received.14.A) Correct their mistake.15. с) She apologized to the man once more.16. B) Tidying up one's home.17. A) Things that make one happy.18. C) It received an incredibly large number of donated books.19. A) Give free meals to the homeless.20. D) Follow his example.21. C) Sending him had-made bags.22. A) To solve word search puzzles.23. B) They could no longer concentrate on their task.24. C) A reduction in the amount of sleep.25. C) Realize the disruptive effects of technology.【写作第2套】Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the use of PowerPoint(PPT) in class.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.the Use of PowerPoint(PPT) in ClassWith the development of information technology, it is bringing reforms into modern education. As a typical application, the use of PPT in class is becoming increasingly popular.As we know, every coin has two sides. On one hand, the use of PPT in class expands knowledge and makes teaching easy, wonderful and vivid. In place of complex explanation output by teachers, show of text, sound, image and video in PPT stimulates students’ interests and help them understand intuitively especially in face of abstract concepts. Lesson study becomes more effective and interesting for students.On the other hand, relying too much on PPT weakens teachers’ ability. Many teachers read PPT directly lacking communications with students. Besides, some design of PPT is overwhelming which distracts students’ attention.As far as I am concerned, PPT is just a kind of teaching assistant. Teachers is expected to use it appropriately rather than pursuit its effects excessively.【选词填空第2套】26.I normal27.E definitely28.D considerable29.J possibly30.B argued31.K proposition32.N tend33.C avoid34.F extreme35.G inaction【信息匹配第2套】Why are Asian Americans Missing from out textbook?36. E 段落第一句For decades. Activists have called for schools to offer anti-racism or multicultural curricula.37. B 段落第一句My excitement was short-lived38. J 段落第一句Some teachers are finding ways to expose students to Asian=-American issues39. F 段落第一句Research into what students learn in schools has found just how much.40. H 段落第一句Teachers with multicultural background or41. D 段落第一句Our students-Asian42. K 段落第一句And despite setbacks43. G 段落第一句Worse, when Asian Americans do.44. C 段落第一句I finally had the opportunity to learn about45. I 段落第一句How race and ethnicity is taught is crucial.【仔细阅读第2套】Text 1 ：Paint46. A It uses paint to create anti-pollution images47 C Raise public awareness of environmental pollution48 B He chose tunnels to do his graffiti art49 A It is simply absurd50 D They made it impossible for him to practice his artText 2 ：Housework51. C It may not turn out to be the best thing to do.52. A share family responsibilities.53. B To teach then how to manage money54. A They have a natural instinct to help around the house55. D Accept children’s early birds to help.【翻译第2套】：茶文化茶拥有5000年的历史。

2020-2021年大学英语四级考试真题（第二套）及答案

2020-2021年大学英语四级考试真题（第二套）及答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of writing ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ __________Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Annoyed.B) Scared.C) Confused.D) Offended.2. A) It crawled over the woman's hands.B) It wound up on the steering wheel.C) It was killed by the police on the spot.D) It was covered with large scales.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) A study of the fast-food service.B) Fast food customer satisfaction.C) McDonald's new business strategies.D) Competition in the fast-food industry.4. A) Customers' higher demands.B) The inefficiency of employees.C) Increased variety of products.D) The rising number of customers.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) International treaties regarding space travel programs.B) Legal issues involved in commercial space exploration.C) U.S. government's approval of private space missions.D) Competition among public and private space companies.6. A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon.B) Approve a new mission to travel into outer space.C) Work with federal agencies on space programs.D) Launch a manned spacecraft to Mars.7. A) It is significant.B) It is promising.C) It is unpredictable.D) It is unprofitable.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Visiting her family in Thailand.B) Showing friends around Phuket.C) Swimming around a Thai island.D) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach.9. A) She visited a Thai orphanage.B) She met a Thai girl's parents.C) She learned some Thai words.D) She sunbathed on a Thai beach.10. A) His class will start in a minute.B) He has got an incoming phone call.C) Someone is knocking at his door.D) His phone is running out of power.11. A) He is interested in Thai artworks.B) He is going to open a souvenir shop.C) He collects things from different countries.D) He wants to know more about Thai culture.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Buying some fitness equipment for the new gym.B) Opening a gym and becoming personal trainers.C) Signing up for a weight-loss course.D) Trying out a new gym in town.13. A) Professional personal training.B) Free exercise for the first week.C) A discount for a half-year membership.D) Additional benefits for young couples.14. A) The safety of weight-lifting.B) The high membership fee.C) The renewal of his membership.D) The operation of fitness equipment.15. A) She wants her invitation renewed.B) She used to do 200 sit-ups every day.C) She knows the basics of weight-lifting.D) She used to be the gym's personal trainer.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) They tend to be nervous during interviews.B) They often apply for a number of positions.C) They worry about the results of their applications.D) They search extensively for employers' information.17. A) Get better organized.B) Edit their references.C) Find better-paid jobs.D) Analyze the searching process.18. A) Provide their data in detail.B) Personalize each application.C) Make use of better search engines.D) Apply for more promising positions.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have justheard.19. A) If kids did not like school, real learning would not take place.B) If not forced to go to school, kids would be out in the streets.C) If schools stayed the way they are, parents were sure to protest.D) If teaching failed to improve, kids would stay away from school.20. A) Allow them to play interesting games in class.B) Try to stir up their interest in lab experiments.C) Let them stay home and learn from their parents.D) Design activities they now enjoy doing on holidays.21. A) Allow kids to learn at their own pace.B) Encourage kids to learn from each other.C) Organize kids into various interest groups.D) Take kids out of school to learn at first hand.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) It is especially popular in Florida and Alaska.B) It is a major social activity among the young.C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasion.D) It is even more expressive than the written word.23. A) It is located in a big city in Iowa.B) It is really marvelous to look at.C) It offers free dance classes to seniors.D) It offers people a chance to socialize.24. A) Their state of mind improved.B) They became better dancers.C) They enjoyed better health.D) Their relationship strengthened.25. A) It is fun.B) It is life.C) It is exhausting.D) It is rhythmical.Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 mi nutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26 . Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾). Nor is the state's bad air 27 to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents' hearts and lungs are affected as a 28 . All of which, combined with California's reputation as the home of technological 29 , makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30 . And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring stations that are 31 to yield minute-to-minute mapsof 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google's Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclima's boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco's transit workers went on strike and the city's 34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely, "cycle to work" days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.A) assisted B) collaborating C) consequence D) consumers E) creating F) detail G) domestic H) frequently I) inhabitants J) innovation K) intended L) outdoor M) pollutants N) restricted O) sumSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with aletter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.As Tourists Crowd Out Locals, Venice Faces 'Endangered' ListA) On a recent fall morning, a large crowd blocked the steps at one of Venice's main tourist sites, the Rialto Bridge. The Rialto Bridge is one of the four bridges spanning the Grand Canal. It is the oldest bridge across the canal, and was the dividing line between the districts of San Marco and San Polo. But on this day, there was a twist: it was filled with Venetians, not tourists.B) "People are cheering and holding their carts in the air," says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with agrass-roots organization called Generazione '90. The carts he refers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a true Venetian. "It started as a joke," he says with a laugh. "The idea was to put blades on the wheels! You know? Like Ben Hur. Precisely like that, you just go around and run people down."C) Venice is one of the hottest tourist destinations in the world. But that's a problem. Up to 90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outnumbering the 55,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key reason the city's population is down from 175,000 in the 1950s. The outnumbered Venetians have been steadily fleeing. And those who stick around are tired of living in a place where they can't even get to the market without swimming through a sea of picture-snapping tourists. Imagine, navigating through 50,000 people while on the way to school or to work.D) Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national governments have failed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because they're only interested in tourism—the primary industry in Venice, worth more than $3 billion in 2015. "Venice is a cash cow," she says, "and everyone wants a piece."E) Just beyond St. Mark's Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year that appear over their medieval (中世纪的) surroundings. Their massive wake creates waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves. "Every time I see a cruise ship, I feel sad," Chigi says. "You see the mud it drags; the destruction it leaves in its wake? That hurts the ancient wooden poles holding up the city underwater. One day we'll see Venice break down."F) For a time, UNESCO, the cultural wing of the United Nations, seemed to agree. Two years ago, it put Italy on notice,saying the government was not protecting Venice. UNESCO considers the entire city a World Heritage Site, a great honor that means Venice, at the cultural level, belongs to all of the world's people. In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venice's flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another list—World Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria.G) Venice's deadline passed with barely a murmur (嘟哝) this summer, just as UNESCO was meeting in Istanbul. Only one representative, Jad Tabet from Lebanon, tried to raise the issue. "For several years, the situation of heritage in。

英语四级第2套真题及解析(2023年6月份)

英语四级第2套真题及解析（2023年6月份）题目说明本文档为2023年6月份的英语四级第2套真题及解析，总结了各部分的题目及解析。

希望对正在准备四级考试的同学们有所帮助。

听力部分Section A题目1.What does the man suggest the woman do?2.What is the probable relationship between thespeakers?3.What was the woman’s decision?4.What does the man mean?5.What will the speakers do next?解析1.答案：B） Registered at the hotel. 解析：根据对话内容，男士建议女士到酒店登记，所以正确选项是B。

2.答案：D） Guide and tourist. 解析：男士希望女士给他建议，说明他是游客，女士是导游，故选D。

3.答案：C） Miss the tour. 解析：对话中提到已经十点多了，而导游要求游客在准时九点前到达，所以没有时间再去参观了，故选C。

4.答案：A） He agrees with the w oman’s decision. 解析：对话最后男士说，It’s probably for the best，说明他同意女士的决定，故选A。

5.答案：B） Continue the tour. 解析：对话中提到女士给男士参观时间表，所以下一个行动是继续参观旅游景点，故选B。

Section B题目11.What was the woman doing?12.What did Mary do?13.What does the woman mean?14.What is the woman going to do next?15.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?解析11.答案：A） Looking for a book. 解析：根据对话内容，女士要找一本书，所以正确选项是A。

2021年6月大学英语四级考试真题 (第2套)真题解析

2021 年 6 月大学英语四级考试真题(第 2 套)答案解析Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay titled “Is technology making people lazy?”The statement given below is for your reference. You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.Many studies claim that computers distract people, make them lazy thinkers and evenlower their work efficiency.【参考范文】Is technology making people lazy?No one could deny the fact that we are living in an age where the advancements of technology are continuing to accelerate and changing every aspect of our life. At the same time, there has been widespread public debate over whether technology can make people lazy.On the one hand, some people hold the view that technological advancements have really offered more convenient and effective choices for us to communicate, learn and work. For example, learners are flooded with learning opportunities at their fingertips. But on the other hand, there is a risk that technology can make people lazy. This is due to the fact that modern people nowadays are heavily reliant on technological inventions. For instance, many young people always indulge in online social media platforms or computer games and thus are reluctant to do physical exercise on a regular basis. Besides, some students depend on using a calculator to work out simple math problems.In conclusion, technological advancements can bring us both benefits and problems. In view of the risk mentioned above, I highly suggest that we should avoid relying too much on technology. 【解析】这篇作文需要就题目给出的问题Is technology making people lazy? 发表自己的看法。

2021年6月英语四级真题及答案解析(第二套)

2021年6月大学英语四级考试真题 (第2套)真题解析

2021年12月英语四级考试真题答案(第2套)

2021年12月英语四级考试真题答案(第2套)写作要求：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have two options upon graduation: one is to work in a state-owned business and the other in a joint venture. You are to make a choice between the two. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.参考范文：Stated-owned business or Joint ventureUpon graduation, virtually all college students will confront the problem of the career choice，which is truly a tough choice. Students' opinions differ greatly on this issue. Some hold that there is no better way to get a decent job than working in a stated-owned business which will guarantee my life after retirement, but others take the attitude that a joint venture outweighs any other jobs as it may provide higher income for employees.As to myself, I prefer the latter view. A joint venture, especially a high-salary joint venture, exerts a tremendousfascination on a great number of people, with no exception to me. Although it might be impossible to make sure my retirement pension is good enough, high-salary is exactly what I need just now. In my view, our career choices largely depend on where we want to stay for the rest of life. For me, metropolis is the place where I can grasp loads of opportunities and achieve my personal dreams. As I hold the view that live in the moment, not the future, and also in order to finance myself in some aspects such as the transportation, the house-renting, or social activities, a joint venture can satisfy my needs for the consumption I mentioned above.In short, a joint venture is the first and only consideration in my choice of career.参考答案：Section A News report1 [C] They were all good at cooking.2 [C] His parents’s friends.3 [A] No one of the group ate it.4 [B] It was rather disappointing.5 [C] The business success of the woman’s shop.6 [A] Keep down its expense.7 [D]They are sold at lower prices than in other shops.8 [A] To maintain friendly relationship with other shops.Section B Conversations9 [C]They deliver pollutants from the ocean to their nesting sites.10[A]They originate from Devon Island in the Aretie area.11[B]They were carried by the wind.12[C]The harm Arctic seabirds may cause to humans.13[D]It has decreased.14[A]It is now the second leading cause of death for centenarians.15[D]Their minds fail before their bodies do.Section C Passages16[C]They are focused more on attraction than love.17[C]It is not love if you don’t wish to maintain the relationship.18[C]How the relationship is to be defined if any one is missing.19[B]Social work as a profession.20[D]They help enhance the well-being of the underprivileged.21[C]They all have an academic degree in social work.22[A]Social works’ job options and responsibilities. 23[A]To fight childhood obesity.24[C]They impress kids more than they do adults.25[D]Message positive behaviors at all times.选词填空(26)A absorb(27)C contribute(28)K level(29)G explore(30)M picture(31)O voyage(32)B combined(33)E emission(34)D depth(35)N unsure段落匹配The Secret to Raising Smart Kids36.F37.C38.I39.F40.G41.E42.A43.J44.D45.H仔细阅读passage 146.C.They were subject to taxation almost everywhere.47.B.They find it ever harder to cope with sugar-induced health problems.48.A.It did not work out as well as was expected.49.D.Adjusting the physical composition of their products.50.A.There is no single easy quick solution to the problem.passage 251.D.It affects models' health and safety.ernment legislation about models' weight.53.C.It has great influence on numerous girls and women.54.B.It has now a new law to follow.55.D.It will have models with a higher BMI.翻译原文：随着中国的改革开放，如今很多年轻人都喜欢举行西式婚礼。

2021年6月英语四级真题+答案范文(第二套)

2021年6月英语四级真题+答案范文(第二套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on whether violent video games online will cause students’ violent behaviors. You should write at least 120 words but no morethan 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)全国共考了两套听力，已在第一和第三套放了听力原文和题目，本套真题中不再重复出现。

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throughthe centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Most animals seek shade when temperatures in the Sahara Desert soar to 120 degrees Fahrenheit. But for the Saharan silver ants, 26 from their underground nests into the sun’s brutal rays to 27 for food, this is the perfect time to seek lunch. In 2015 these ants were joined in the desert by scientists from two Belgian universities, who spent a month in the 28 heat tracking the ants and digging out their nests. The goal was simple: to discover how the 29 adapted to the kind of heat that can 30 melt the bottom of shoes.Back in Belgium, the scientists looked at the ants under an electronic microscope and found that their 31 , triangular hair reflects light like a prism, giving them a metallic reflection and protecting them from the sun’s awful heat. When Ph.D. student Quentin Willot 32 the hair from an ant with 33_ knife and put it under a heat lamp, its temperature jumped.The ants' method of staying cool is 34 among animals. Could this reflective type of hair protect people? Willot says companies are interested in 35 these ants method of heat protection for human use, including everything from helping to protect the lives of firefighters to keeping homes cool in summer.A) adapting E) extreme I) remote M) thickB) consciously F) hunt J) removed N)tinyC) crawling G) literally K) species O) uniqueD) crowded H) moderate L) specimensSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which theinformation is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is markedwith a letter. Answer the question by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Science of setbacks: How failure can improve career prospects[A]How do early career setbacks affect our long-term success? Failures can help us learn and overcome our fears. But disasters can still wound us, screw us up and set us back. Wouldn't it be nice if there was genuine, scientifically documented truth to the expression, "what doesn't kill you makes you stronger"?[B]One way social scientists have probed the effects of career setbacks is to look at scientists of very similar qualifications who, for reasons that are mostly arbitrary, either just missed getting a research grant or who just barely made it. In the social sciences, this is known as examining "near misses" and "narrow wins" in areas where merit is subjective. That allows researchers to measure only the effects of being chosen or not. Studies in this area have found conflicting results. In the competitive game of biomedical science, research on scientists who narrowly lost or won grant money suggests that narrow winners become even bigger winners down the line. In other words, the rich get richer.[C]A 2018 study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, for example, followed researchers in the Netherlands and concluded that those who just barely qualified for a grant were able to get twice as much money within the next eight years as those who just missed out. And the narrow winners were 50 per cent more likely to be given a professorship.[D]Others in the US have found similar effects with National Institutes of Health early-career fellowships catapulting narrow winners far ahead of close losers. The phenomenon is often referred to as the Matthew effect, inspired by the New Testament's wisdom that to those who have, more will be given. There's a good explanation for the phenomenon in the book The Formula: The Universal Laws of Success by Albert Laszlo Barabasi: it's easier and less risky for those in positions of power to choose to bestow awards and funding on those who've already been so recognized.[E]This is bad news for the losers: small early career setbacks seem to have a disproportionate effect down the line. What didn't kill them made them weaker. But other studies using the same technique have shown there's sometimes no penalty to a near miss: students who just miss getting into top high schools or universities do just as well later in life as those who squeak in. In this case, what didn't kill them simply didn't matter. So is there any evidence that setbacks might actually improve our career prospects? There is now.[F]In a study published in Nature Communications, Northwestern University sociologist Dashun Wang tracked more than 1100 scientists who were on the border between getting a grant and missing out between 1990 and 2005. He followed various measures of performance over the next decade, including how many papers they authored and how influential those papers were, as measured by the number of subsequent citations. As expected, there was a much higher rate of attrition among scientists who didn't get grants. But among those who stayed on, the close losers performed even better than the narrow winners. To make sure this wasn't a fluke, Wang said he conducted additional tests using different performance measures, such as how many times people were first authors on influential studies, and the like.[G]One straightforward reason close losers might outperform narrow winners is that the two groups have comparable ability, but the losers were culled so that only the most determined, passionate scientists remained. Wang said he tried to correct for this by culling what he deemed the weakest members of the winner group, but the persevering losers still came out on top. He thinks that being a close loser might give people apsychological boost, or the proverbial kick in the pants.[H]Utrecht University sociologist Arnout van de Rijt, who was lead author on the 2018 paper showing the rich get richer, said the new finding is plausible and worth some attention. His own work showed that although the narrow winners did get much more money in the near future, the actual performance of the close losers was just as good.[I]He said the people who should be paying heed to the Wang paper are the funding agents who disburse government grant money. After all, by continuing to pile riches on the narrow winners, the taxpayers are not getting the maximum bang for our buck if the close losers are performing just as well or even better.There's a huge amount of time and effort that go into the process of selecting who gets grants, he said, and the latest research shows that the scientific establishment is not very good at allocating money. "Maybe we should spend less money trying to figure out who is better than who," he said, suggesting that some more equal partitioning of money might be more productive and more efficient.Van de Rijt said he's not convinced that losing out gives people a psychological boost. It may yet be a selection effect. Even though Wang tried to account for this by culling the weakest winners, it's impossible to know which of the winners would have quit had they found themselves on the losing side.[J]For his part, Wang said that in his own experience, losing did light a motivating fire. He recalled a recent paper he submitted to a journal, which accepted it only to request extensive editing, and then reversed course and rejected it. He submitted the unedited version to a more prestigious journal and got accepted.[K]In sports and many areas of life, we think of failures as evidence of something we could have done better - a fate we could have avoided with more careful preparation, different training, better strategy, or more focus. And there it makes sense that failures show us the road to success.These papers deal with a kind of failure people have little control over - rejection. Others determine who wins and who loses. But at the very least, the research is starting to show that early setbacks don't have to be fatal. They might even make us better at our jobs. Getting paid like a winner, though? That's a different matter.36. Being a close loser could greatly motivate one to persevere in their research.37. Grant awarders tend to favor researchers already recognized in their respective fields.38. Suffering early setbacks might help people improve their job performance39. Research by social scientists on the effects of career setbacks has produced contradictory findings.40. It is not to the best interest of taxpayers to keep giving money to narrow winners.41. Scientists who persisted in research without receiving a grant made greater achievements than those who got one with luck, as suggested in one study42. A research paper rejected by one journal may get accepted by another.43. According to one recent study, narrow winners of research grants had better chances to be promoted to professors44. One researcher suggests it might be more fruitful to distribute grants on a relatively equal basis.45. Minor setbacks in their early career may have a strong negative effect on the career of close losers.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decideon the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Educators and business leaders have more in common than it may seem. Teachers want to prepare students for a successful future. Technology companies have an interest in developing a workforce with the STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) skills needed to grow the company and advance the industry. How can they work together to achieve these goals? Play may be the answer.Focusing on STEM skills is important, but the reality is that STEM skills are enhanced and more relevant when combined with traditional, hands-on creative activities. This combination is proving to be the best way to prepare today's children to be the makers and builders of tomorrow. That is why technology companies are partnering with educators to bring back good, old-fashioned play.In fact many experts argue that the most important 2lst-century skills aren't related to specific technologies or subject matter, but to creativity; skills like imagination, problem-finding and problem-solving, teamwork, optimism, patience and the ability to experiment and take risks. These are skills acquired when kids tinker (鼓捣小玩意) , High-tech industries such as NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory have found that their best overall problem solvers were master tinkerers in their youth.There are cognitive (认知的) benefits of doing things the way we did as children-building something, tearing it down, then building it up again. Research shows that given 15 minutes of free play, four- and five-year-olds will spend a third of this time engaged in spatial, mathematical, and architectural activities. This type of play-especially with building blocks-helps children discover and develop key principles in math and geometry.If play and building are critical to 21st century skill development, that's really good news for two reasons: Children are born builders, makers, and creators, so fostering（培养）21st century skills may be as simple as giving kids room to play, tinker and try things out, even as they grow older; Secondly, it doesn't take 21st century technology to foster 21st century skills. This is especially important for under-resourced schools and communities. Taking whatever materials are handy and tinkering with them is a simple way to engage those important “maker” skills. And anyone, anywhere, can do it.46. What does the author say about educators?A) They seek advice from technology companies to achieve teaching goals.B) They have been successful in preparing the workforce for companies.C) They help students acquire the skills needed for their future success.D) They partner with technology companies to enhance teaching efficiency.47. How can educators better develop students’STEM skills, according to the author?A) By blending them with traditional, stimulating activities.B) By inviting business leaders to help design curriculums.C) By enhancing students ability to think in a critical way.D) By showing students the best way to learn is through play.48. How do children acquire the skills needed for the 21st century?A) By engaging in activities involving specific technologies.B) By playing with things to solve problems on their own.C) By familiarizing themselves with high-tech gadgets.D) By mastering basic principles through teamwork.49. What can we do to help children learn the basics of math and geometry?A) Stimulate their interest as early as possible.B) Spend more time playing games with them.C) Encourage them to make things with hands.D) Allow them to tinker freely with calculators.50. What does the author advise disadvantaged schools and communities to do?A. Train students to be makers to meet future market demands.B. Develop students' creative skills with the resources available.C. Engage students with challenging tasks to foster their creativity.D. Work together with companies to improve their teaching facilities.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Being an information technology or IT worker is not a job I envy. They are the ones who, right in the middle of a critical meeting, are expected to instantly fix the projector that's no longer working. They have to tolerate the bad tempers of colleagues frustrated at the number of times they’ve had to call the help desk for the same issue. They are also the ones who know there are systems that are more powerful, reliable and faster, but their employer simply will not put up the funds to buy them.According to a recent survey, employees who have a job reliant on IT Support Consider IT a major source of job dissatisfaction. Through no fault of their own, they can suddenly find their productivity deteriorating or quality control non-existent. And there's little they can do about it.The experience of using IT penetrates almost the entire work field. It has become a crucial part of employees' overall work experience. When IT is operating as it should, employee self-confidence swells. Their job satisfaction, too, can surge when well-functioning machines relieve them of dull tasks or repetitive processes. But if there's one thing that triggers widespread employee frustration, it's an IT transformation project gone wrong, where swollen expectations have been popped and a long list of promised efficiencies have been reversed. This occurs when business leaders implement IT initiatives with little consideration ofhow those changes will impact the end user.Which is why managers should appreciate just how influential the IT user experience is to their employees, and exert substantial effort in ensuring their IT team eliminates programming errors and application crashes. Adequate and timely IT support should also be available to enable users to cope with technological issues at work. More importantly, IT practitioners need to understand what employees experience mentally when they use IT. Therefore, businesses need to set up their IT infrastructure so that it is designed to fit in with their employees? Work, rather than adjust their work to fit in with the company's IT limitations.51. What does the author say about working in IT?A. It is envied by many.B. It does not appeal to him.C. It is financially rewarding.D. It does not match his abilities.52. What is the finding of a recent survey on employees who have a job reliant on IT support?A. IT helps boost productivity.B. IT helps improve quality control.C. Many employees are deeply frustrated by IT.D. Most employees rely heavily on IT in their work.53. What is said to happen when IT is functioning properly?A. There is a big boost in employees' work efficiencyB. Employees become more dependent on machines.C. There are no longer any boring or repetitive tasks.D. Employees become more confident in their work.54. What should business leaders do before implementing new IT initiatives?A. Consider the various expectations of their customers.B. Draw up a list of the efficiencies to be promised.C. Assess the swollen cost of training the employees.D. Think about the possible effects on their employees.55. How can a business help improve its employees' experience in using IT?A. By designing systems that suit their needs.B. By ensuring that their mental heal this sound.C. By adjusting their work to suit the IT system.D. By offering them regular in- service training.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.龙井(Longing)是一种绿茶，主要产自中国东部沿海的浙江省。

2020年9月英语四级考试真题答案(第二套)

2020年9月英语四级考试真题答案（第2套）【写作】Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essayon the use of PowerPoint(PPT) in class.You should write at least 120words but no more than 180 words.答案略【听力】1. A) Ship traffic in the Atlantic.2. D) They may be affecting the world’s climate.3. C) To call for a permanent security guard.4. A) It had already taken strong action.5. B) The road was blocked6. D) A track hit a barrier and overturned7. B) It was a hard task to removing the spilled substance.8. A) She wanted to save for a new phone.9. D) They are less aware of the value of their money.10. B) More non- essential things.11. C) It may lead to excessive spending.12. C) He had a problem with the furniture delivered.13. B) Describe the furniture he received.14. A) Correct their mistake.15. C) She apologized to the man once more.16. B) Tidying up one’s home.17. A) Things that make one happy.18. C) It received an incredibly large number of donated books.19. A) Give free meals to the homeless.20. D) Follow his example.21. C) Sending him had-made bags.22. A) To solve word search puzzles.23. B) They could no longer concentrate on their task.24. C) A reduction in the amount of sleep.25. C) Realize the disruptive effects of technology【选词填空】26. I normal27. E definitely28. D considerable29. J possibly30. B argued31. K proposition32. N tend33. C avoid34. F extreme35. G inaction【信息匹配】Why are Asian Americans Missing from out textbook?36. E 段落第一句For decades. Activists have called for schools to offer anti-racism or multicultural curricula.37. B 段落第一句My excitement was short-lived38. J 段落第一句Some teachers are finding ways to expose students to Asian=-American issues39. F 段落第一句Research into what students learn in schools has found just how much.40. H 段落第一句Teachers with multicultural background or41. D 段落第一句Our students-Asian42. K 段落第一句And despite setbacks43. G 段落第一句Worse, when Asian Americans do.44. C 段落第一句I finally had the opportunity to learn about45. I 段落第一句How race and ethnicity is taught is crucial.【仔细阅读】Text 1 ：Paint46. A It uses paint to create anti-pollution images47 C Raise public awareness of environmental pollution48 B He chose tunnels to do his graffiti art49 A It is simply absurd50 D They made it impossible for him to practice his artText 2 ：Housework51. C It may not turn out to be the best thing to do.52. A share family responsibilities.53. B To teach then how to manage money54. A They have a natural instinct to help around the house55. D Accept children’s early birds to help.【翻译：茶文化】茶有5000年的历史。

2020-2021年英语四级考试真题及答案(第2套)

大学英语四级考试真题(第2套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions：for this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below．You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then comment on this kind of modern life．You should write at least l20 words but no more than l80wordsPart lI Listening Comprehension(30 minutes)Section ADirections：In this section，you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations．At the end of each conversation，one or more questions will be asked about what Was said．Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once．After each question there will be a pause．During the pause，you must read thefour choices marked A.，B)，C)and D)． and decide which is the best answer．Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet l with a single line through the centre．1．A.He is pleased to sit on the committee．B.He iS willing to offer the woman a hand．C.He will tell the woman his decision later．D.He would like to become a club member．2．A.Their planned trip to Vancouver is obviously overpriced．B.They should borrow a guide book instead of buying one．C.The guide books in the library have the latest information．D.The library Can help order guide books about Vancouver．3．A.He regrets having taken the history course．B.He finds little interest in the history books．C.He has trouble finishing his reading assignments．D.He has difficulty writing the weekly book report．4．A.The man had better choose another restaurant．B.The new restaurant is a perfect place for dating．C.The new restaurant caught her fancy immediately．D.The man has good taste in choosing the restaurant．5．A.He has been looking forward to spring．B.He has been waiting for the winter sale．C.He will clean the woman，s boots for spring．D.He will help the woman put things away．6．A.At a tailor’s．B.At Bob’s home．C.In a clothes store．D.In a theatre．7．A.His guests favor Tibetan drinks．B.His water is quite extraordinary．C.Mineral water is good for health．D.Plain water will serve the purpose．8．A.Report the result of a discussion．B.Raise some environmental issues．C.Submit an important document．D.Revise an environmental report．Questions 9 t0 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard．9．A.They pollute the soil used to cover them．B.They are harmful to nearby neighborhoods．C.The rubbish in them takes long to dissolve．D.The gas they emit is extremely poisonous．10．A.Growing population．B.Packaging materials．C.Changed eating habits．D.Lower production cost．11．A.By saving energy．B.By using less aluminum．C.By reducing poisonous wastes．D.By making the most of materials．12．A.We are running out of natural resources soon．B.Only combined efforts can make a difference．C.The waste problem will eventually hurt all of us．D.All of us can actually benefit from recyclin9．Questions l3 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard．13．A.Miami．B.Vancouver．C.Belling ham．D.Boston．14．A.To get information on one—way tickets to Canada．B.To inquire about the price of“Super Saver”seats．C.To get advice on how to fly as cheaply as possible．D.To inquire about the shortest route to drive home．15．A.Join a tourist group．B.Choose a major airline．C.Avoid trips in public holidays．D.Book tickets as early as possible．Section BDirections：／n this section，you will hear 3 short passages．At the end of each passage，you will hear some questions．Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once．After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A.，B)，C.and D)．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet l with a single line through the centre．Passage OneQuestions l6 t0 18 are based on the passage you have just heard．16．A.There are mysterious stories behind his works．B.There are many misunderstandings about him．C.His works have no match worldwide．D.His personal history is little known．17．A.He moved to Strat ford—on—Avon in his childhood．B.He failed to go beyond grammar sch001．C.He was a member of the town council．D.He once worked in a well—known acting company．18．A.Writers of his time had no means to protect their works．B.Possible sources of clues about him were lost in a fire．C.His works were adapted beyond recognition．D.People of his time had little interest in him．Passage TwoQuestions l9 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard19．A.It shows you have been ignoring your healthB. It can seriously affect your thinking processC.It is an early warning of some illness．D.It is a symptom of too much pressure．20．A.Reduce our workload．B.Control our temper．e painkillers for reliefD.Avoid masking syrup toms_21．A. Lying down and having some sleep．B.Rubbing and pressing one’s back．C.Going out for a walkD.Listening to light musicPassage ThreeQuestions 22 t0 25 are based on the passage you have just heard22．A.Depending heavily on loans．B.Having no budget plans at all．C.Spending beyond one's meansD.Leaving no room for large bills23．A.Many of them can be cut．B. All of them have to be covered．C.Their payment cannot be delayedD.They eat up most of the family income24．A.Rent a house instead of buying one．B. Discuss the problem in the family．C.Make a conservation planD.Move to a cheaper Place25．A.Financial issues plaguing a family．B.Difficulty in making both ends meet．C.Family budget problems and solutionsD.New ways to boost family incomeSection CDirections：In this section，you will hear a passage three times．When the passage is read for the first time,you should listen carefully for its general idea． When the passage Its read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard．Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written．Perhaps because going to college is so much a part of the American dream，many people go for no 26 reason． Some go because their parents expect it，others because it's what their friends are doing.Then，there，s the belief that a college degree will27 ensure a good job and high pay.Some students 28 through four years，attending classes，or skipping(逃课)them as the case may be，reading only what can’t be avoided，looking for less 29courses，and never being toucned or changed in any important way． For a few of these people，college provides no 30，yet．Because of parental or peer pressure，they cannot voluntarily leave．They stop trying in the hope that their tea。

2023年12月英语四级第二套真题参考答案及解析(最新完整版)

2023年12月英语四级第二套真题参考答案及解析（最新完整版）2023年12月英语四级第二套真题参考答案及解析(最新完整版) 听力第二套00:00:00 说话者1:College english test，band four，part two，listening comprehension，section a directions。

In this section，you will hear three news reports。

At the end of each news report，you will hear two or three questions。

Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once。

After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked ab c and d then mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet one with a single line through the center。

00:00:39 说话者2:News report one。

How you noticed how similar you are to your friends。

It may be because your brains operate in harmony with each other。

We know that friends are more likely to be the same age，gender and ethnic background as each other。

Now it seems that brains are alike too。

2020年9月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第2套)

2020年12月英语四级真题及答案第二套（网络整理版）

2020年12月英语四级真题及答案第二套（网络整理版）2020年12月英语四级真题及答案第二套(网络整理版）作参考一、四级听力部分：听力原文：1. A) A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.2. C) It could poses a threat to other marine species.3. B) About half of its city center will be closed to ears.4. A) The rising air pollution in Paris5. B) His houses has burnt down in a fire.6. D) Sell the pearl he had kept for years.7. C) His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.8. A) It boasts a farily long history.9. C) It is a family business.10. D) Loss of competitive edge.11. A) Conducting a financial analysis for it.12. D) She is really impressed by the man's house.13. B) From home design magazine.14. C) The cost was affordable.15. B) She wants him to share his renovation experiences with her.16. D) Removing objects from patients' noses and ears.17. C) Five to nine-year-olds were the most likely to put things in their ears.18. D) They are curious about these body parts.19. B) It gave her a used bicycle.20. A) Expanding bike-riding lessons.21. B) It is a charity organization.22. D) How animals deal with lack of gravity.23. A) They were not used to the low-gravity environment.24. C) They already felt at home in the new environment.25. B) They behaved as if they were on Earth.纯视听一致 40% 10道题视听一致+同义替换 48% 12道题纯同义替换 12% 3道题（有一道是全文理解）Passage 1主题：孩子往耳朵和鼻子里塞东西，去医院取出16. D) Removing objects from patients' noses and ears.听力原文：Removing foreign objects from ears and nosescosts England almost 3 million pounds a year, a study suggests.考点：视听一致17. C) Five to nine-year-olds were the most likely to put things in their ears.听力原文：five to nine-year-olds come to the hospital with something in their ears the most.考点：视听一致18. D) They are curious about these body parts.听力原文：考点：视听一致+同义替换According to the study, the occurrence of foreign objects in children is generally attributed to curiosity. Children have an impulse to explore their noses and ears.Passage 2主题：二手自行车做慈善，送给有需要的人，教他们骑19. B) It gave her a used bicycle.听力原文：At this time, rebicycle got involved and gave Layla a second-hand bicycle.考点：视听一致+同义替换20. A) Expanding bike-riding lessons.听力原文：And there's now expanding bike riding lessonsas demand source. 考点：视听一致21. B) It is a charity organization.听力原文：无考点：全文理解Passage 3主题：老鼠在低重力环境下的试验22. D) How animals deal with lack of gravity.听力原文：T o that end, they have been studying how other species deal with low gravity, specifically focusing on mice.考点：视听一致+同义替换23. A) They were not used to the low-gravity environment.听力原文：As you'll notice in the video, the mice definitely seemuncomfortable at the beginning of the experiment.考点：同义替换24. C) They already felt at home in the new environment.听力原文：Several of the mice are observed running around the cage walls.考点：同义替换25. B) They behaved as if they were on Earth.The scientist wanted to see whether the mice would continue doing the same kinds of activities they were observed doing on earth. The study showed that the mice kept much of the routines intact, including cleaning themselves and eating when hungry.考点：视听一致+同义替换听力原文：Passage 1Removing foreign objects from ears and noses costs England almost 3 million pounds a year, a study suggests. Children were responsible for the vast majority of cases. 95% of objects removed from noses and 85% from ears. Every year, an averageof 1,218 nose and 2,479 ear removals took place between 2010 and 2016. According to England's hospital episodes statistics, children aged one to four, were the most likely to need help from doctors for a foreign object in their nose, five to nine-year-olds come to the hospital with something in their ears the most. Jewelry items accounted for up to 40% of cases in both the ears and noses of children, paper and plastic toys, where the items removed next most from noses, cotton beds and pencils were also found in ears. According to the study, the occurrence of foreign objects in children is generally attributed to curiosity. Children have an impulse toexplore their noses and ears. This results in the accidental entry of forei gn objects. Any ear, nose and throat surgeon has many weird stories about wonderful objects found in the noses and ears of children and adults. Batteries can pose a particular danger. In all cases, prevention is better than cure. This is why many toys contain warnings about small parts. Recognizing problems early and seeking medical attention is important.Question 16 to 18, are based on the passage you've just heard .16. What does England spend an annual 3 million pounds on?17. What do we learn from England's hospital episodes statistics?18. What is generally believed to account for children putting things in their ears or noses?Passage 2Today, I would like to talk to you about my charity rebicycle. But before that, let me introduce someone. This is Layla Rahimi. She was so scared when she first moved to New Zealand, that she struggled to leave the house and would spend days workingup the courage to walk to the supermarket for basic supplies.After a few months of being quite down and unhappy, she was invited to join a local bike club. At this time, rebicycle got involved and gave Layla a second-hand bicycle. Within weeks, her depression had begun to ease as she cycled. The bicycle totally changed her life, giving her hope and a true feeling of freedom.To date, rebicycle has donated more than 200 bikes to those in need. And there's now expanding bike riding lessons as demand source. With a bike, newcomers here can travel farther, but for almost no cost. The three hours a day, they used to spend walking to and from English language lessons has been reduced to just one hour.Our bike riding lessons are so successful that we are urgently looking for more volunteers, learning to ride a bike is almost always more difficult for an adult, and this can take days and weeks rather than hours. So if any of you have some free time during the weekend, please come join us at re bicycle and make a difference in someone's life.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage. You have just heard 19. What did rebicycle do to help Layla Rahimi?20. What is Rebicycle doing to help those in need?21. What do we learn from the passage about rebicycle?Passage 3Thanks to the international space station, we know quite a bit about the effects of low gravity on the human body, but NASA scientists want to learn more. To that end, they have been studying how other species deal with low gravity, specifically focusing on mice. The results are both interesting and humorous. The scientists first sent some mice and especially designed cage to the international space station. The cage allowed them tostudy the behavior of the mice remotely from earth via video. As you'll notice in the video, the mice definitely seem uncomfortable at the beginning of the experiment. They move around clumsily, drifting within the small confines of the cage, and do their best to figure out which way is up.But without success, however, it's not long before the mice begin to catch on. They adapt remarkably well to their new environment and even use the lack of gravity to their advantage as they push themselves around the cage. That's when things really get wild. The 11th day of the experiment shows the mice are not just dealing with the gravity change, but actually seem to be enjoying it. Several of the mice are observed running around the cage walls. The scientist wanted to see whether the mice would continue doing the same kinds of activities they were observed doing on earth. The study showed thatthe mice kept much of the routines intact, including cleaning themselves and eating when hungry.22 to 25 are based on the paths that you have just heard question.22. What do NASA scientists want to learn about?23. What does the passage say about the mice at the beginning of the experiment?24. What was observed about the mice on the 11th day of the experiment?25. What did the scientists find about the mice from the experiment?二、四级选词填空部分：When my son completes a task, I can't hlep but praise him.26. B. constant27. G. negative28. K. repeatedly29. L. rewarded30. C disappointing31 .H. outcome32.1. pattern33. D. distinguish34. N. simply35.0. undertaken三、四级信息匹配部分：The History of the Lunch Box36. [F] City kids,on the other hand,went home for lunch and came back.37. [j] The company sold 600, 000 units the first year.38. [〇] The introduction of backpacks changed the lunch box scene abit^he adds.39. [C] Lunch boxes have been connecting kids to cartoons and TV shows and super-heroes for decades.40. [H] And then everything changed in the year of 1950.41 .[L] The new trend was also a great example of planned obsolescence,that is,to design a product so that it will soon become unfashionable or impossible to use and will need replacing.42. [D] Let's start back at the beginning of the 20th century-the beginning of the lunch box story,really.43. [A] It was made of shiny,bright pink plastic with a Little Mermaid sticker on the front,and I carried it with me nearly every single day.44. [M] The metal lunch box craze Lasted until the mid-1980s,when plastic took over.45. [I] But these containers were really /doc/1818387206.html,sting years on end.四、四级仔细阅读部分：P146 A When they don* t have the chance to do what they want47 D Harmful conduct48 B Many volunteers choose to hurt themselves rather than endure boredom49 C It may promote creative thinking.50 D Allow oneself some time to be bored.P251 .B Forests are fast shrinking in many developing countries.52. C Those that used to have the lowest forest coverage.53. A The government’ s advocacy54. C Their capability of improving air quality55. D Developed and developing countries are moving in opposite directions五、四级作文部分：WritingDirections：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Transportation.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.范文：Changes in the way of transportationAs the internet is developing so rapidly, the way of transportation keeps changing surprisingly. New applications on transportation emerge abundantly, contributing to the fact that people* s lifestyle has been changed as well.The changes in the way of transportation can be listed as follows. First of all, with the development of technology, the priceof transportation is much cheaper than before. Moreover, compared with traditional ways of buying tickets, transportation applications and websites give passengers the opportunity to book tickets online without going outside to particular ticket offices. Besides, highspeed railways gradually replace the oldfashioned green trains, which can tremendously improve travelers’ comfort during the journey and shorten the time spent on the way.From my perspective, the changes in the way of transportation mainly lie in the good respects. As one of the fortunate passengers who live in the age of internet and can get access to online service of transportation, I can* t help exclaiming: it is the best of times.六、四级翻译部分：春节前夕吃团圆饭是中国人的传统。

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Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of writing ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ __________Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Annoyed.B) Scared.C) Confused.D) Offended.2. A) It crawled over the woman's hands.B) It wound up on the steering wheel.C) It was killed by the police on the spot.D) It was covered with large scales.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) A study of the fast-food service.B) Fast food customer satisfaction.C) McDonald's new business strategies.D) Competition in the fast-food industry.4. A) Customers' higher demands.B) The inefficiency of employees.C) Increased variety of products.D) The rising number of customers.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) International treaties regarding space travel programs.B) Legal issues involved in commercial space exploration.C) U.S. government's approval of private space missions.D) Competition among public and private space companies.6. A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon.B) Approve a new mission to travel into outer space.C) Work with federal agencies on space programs.D) Launch a manned spacecraft to Mars.7. A) It is significant.B) It is promising.C) It is unpredictable.D) It is unprofitable.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Visiting her family in Thailand.B) Showing friends around Phuket.C) Swimming around a Thai island.D) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach.9. A) She visited a Thai orphanage.B) She met a Thai girl's parents.C) She learned some Thai words.D) She sunbathed on a Thai beach.10. A) His class will start in a minute.B) He has got an incoming phone call.C) Someone is knocking at his door.D) His phone is running out of power.11. A) He is interested in Thai artworks.B) He is going to open a souvenir shop.C) He collects things from different countries.D) He wants to know more about Thai culture.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Buying some fitness equipment for the new gym.B) Opening a gym and becoming personal trainers.C) Signing up for a weight-loss course.D) Trying out a new gym in town.13. A) Professional personal training.B) Free exercise for the first week.C) A discount for a half-year membership.D) Additional benefits for young couples.14. A) The safety of weight-lifting.B) The high membership fee.C) The renewal of his membership.D) The operation of fitness equipment.15. A) She wants her invitation renewed.B) She used to do 200 sit-ups every day.C) She knows the basics of weight-lifting.D) She used to be the gym's personal trainer.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) They tend to be nervous during interviews.B) They often apply for a number of positions.C) They worry about the results of their applications.D) They search extensively for employers' information.17. A) Get better organized.B) Edit their references.C) Find better-paid jobs.D) Analyze the searching process.18. A) Provide their data in detail.B) Personalize each application.C) Make use of better search engines.D) Apply for more promising positions.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) If kids did not like school, real learning would not take place.B) If not forced to go to school, kids would be out in the streets.C) If schools stayed the way they are, parents were sure to protest.D) If teaching failed to improve, kids would stay away from school.20. A) Allow them to play interesting games in class.B) Try to stir up their interest in lab experiments.C) Let them stay home and learn from their parents.D) Design activities they now enjoy doing on holidays.21. A) Allow kids to learn at their own pace.B) Encourage kids to learn from each other.C) Organize kids into various interest groups.D) Take kids out of school to learn at first hand.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) It is especially popular in Florida and Alaska.B) It is a major social activity among the young.C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasion.D) It is even more expressive than the written word.23. A) It is located in a big city in Iowa.B) It is really marvelous to look at.C) It offers free dance classes to seniors.D) It offers people a chance to socialize.24. A) Their state of mind improved.B) They became better dancers.C) They enjoyed better health.D) Their relationship strengthened.25. A) It is fun.B) It is life.C) It is exhausting.D) It is rhythmical.Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26 . Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾). Nor is the state's bad air 27 to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents' hearts and lungs are affected as a 28 . All of which, combined with California's reputation as the home of technological 29 , makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30 . And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring stations that are 31 to yield minute-to-minute mapsof 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google's Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclima's boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco's transit workers went on strike and the city's 34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely, "cycle to work" days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.A) assisted B) collaborating C) consequence D) consumers E) creating F) detail G) domestic H) frequently I) inhabitants J) innovation K) intended L) outdoor M) pollutants N) restricted O) sumSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with aletter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.As Tourists Crowd Out Locals, Venice Faces 'Endangered' ListA) On a recent fall morning, a large crowd blocked the steps at one of Venice's main tourist sites, the Rialto Bridge. The Rialto Bridge is one of the four bridges spanning the Grand Canal. It is the oldest bridge across the canal, and was the dividing line between the districts of San Marco and San Polo. But on this day, there was a twist: it was filled with Venetians, not tourists.B) "People are cheering and holding their carts in the air," says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Generazione '90. The carts he refers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a true Venetian. "It started as a joke," he says with a laugh. "The idea was to put blades on the wheels! You know? Like Ben Hur. Precisely like that, you just go around and run people down."C) Venice is one of the hottest tourist destinations in the world. But that's a problem. Up to 90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outnumbering the 55,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key reason the city's population is down from 175,000 in the 1950s. The outnumbered Venetians have been steadily fleeing. And those who stick around are tired of living in a place where they can't even get to the market without swimming through a sea of picture-snapping tourists. Imagine, navigating through 50,000 people while on the way to school or to work.D) Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national governments have failed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because they're only interested in tourism—the primary industry in Venice, worth more than $3 billion in 2015. "Venice is a cash cow," she says, "and everyone wants a piece."E) Just beyond St. Mark's Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year that appear over their medieval (中世纪的) surroundings. Their massive wake creates waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves. "Every time I see a cruise ship, I feel sad," Chigi says. "You see the mud it drags; the destruction it leaves in its wake? That hurts the ancient wooden poles holding up the city underwater. One day we'll see Venice break down."F) For a time, UNESCO, the cultural wing of the United Nations, seemed to agree. Two years ago, it put Italy on notice, saying the government was not protecting Venice. UNESCO considers the entire city a World Heritage Site, a great honor that means Venice, at the cultural level, belongs to all of the world's people. In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venice's flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another list—World Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria.G) Venice's deadline passed with barely a murmur (嘟哝) this summer, just as UNESCO was meeting in Istanbul. Only one representative, Jad Tabet from Lebanon, tried to raise the issue. "For several years, the situation of heritage inVenice has been worsening, and it has now reached a dramatic situation," Tabet told UNESCO. "We have to act quickly—there is not a moment to waste."H) But UNESCO didn't even hold a vote. "It's been postponed until 2017," says Anna Somers, the founder and CEO of The Art Newspaper and the former head of Venice in Peril, a group devoted to restoring Venetian art. She says the main reason the U.N. cultural organization didn't vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site In Danger is because UNESCO has become "intensely politicized. There would have been some back-room negotiations."I) Italy boasts more UNESCO World Heritage Sites than any other country in the world, granting it considerable power and influence within the organization. The former head of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre, which oversees heritage sites, is Francesco Bandarin, a Venetian who now serves as UNESCO's assistant director-general for culture.J) Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists (考古学家) to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as ISIS. The accord underlined Italy's global reputation as a good steward of art and culture.K) But adding Venice to the UNESCO endangered list—which is dominated by sites in developing and conflict-ridden countries—would be an international embarrassment, and could even hurt Italy's profitable tourism industry. The Italian Culture Ministry says it is unaware of any government efforts to pressure UNESCO. As for the organization itself, it declined a request for an interview. L) The city's current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5,000 Venice residents.M) As for Venetians, they're beyond frustrated and hoping for a solution soon. "It's a nightmare for me. Some situations are really difficult with tourists around," says Giorgio as he navigates around a swelling crowd at the Rialto Bridge. "There are just so many of them. They never know where they are going, and do not walk in an orderly manner. Navigating the streets can be exhausting."N) Then it hits him: This crowd isn't made up of tourists. They're Venetians. Giorgio says he's never experienced the Rialto Bridge this way in all his 22 years. "For once, we are the ones who are blocking the traffic," he says delightedly. "It feels unreal. It feels like we're some form of endangered species. It's just nice. The feeling is just pure." But, he worries, if tourism isn't managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generation might be the last who can call themselves native Venetians.36. The passing cruise ships will undermine the foundations of the ancient buildings in Venice.37. The Italian government has just reached an agreement with UNESCO to take measures to protect its cultural heritage.38. The heritage situation in Venice has been deteriorating in the past few years.39. The decrease in the number of permanent residents in Venice is mainly dueto the increase of tourists.40. If tourism gets out of control, native Venetians may desert the city altogether one day.41. UNESCO urged the Italian government to undertake its responsibility to protect Venice.42. The participants in the Venetian march used shopping carts to show they were 100% local residents.43. Ignoring UNESCO's warning, the mayor of Venice maintains his support of the city's tourism industry.44. One woman says that for decades the Italian government and local authorities have only focused on the revenues from tourism.45. UNESCO has not yet decided to put Venice on the list of World Heritage Sites In Danger.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.Living in an urban area with green spaces has a long-lasting positive impact on people's mental well-being, a study has suggested. UK researchers found moving to a green space had a sustained positive effect, unlike pay rises or promotions, which only provided a short-term boost. Co-author Mathew White, from the University of Exeter, UK, explained that the study showed people living in greener urban areas were displaying fewer signs of depression or anxiety. "There could be a number of reasons," he said, "for example, people do many things to make themselves happier: they strive for promotion or pay rises, or they get married. But the trouble with those things is that within six months to a year, people are back to their original baseline levels of well-being. So, these things are not sustainable; they don't make us happy in the long term. We found that for some lottery (彩票) winners who had won more than ￡500,000 the positive effect was definitely there, but after six months to a year, they were back to the baseline."Dr. White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas had a lasting positive effect on people's sense of well-being or whether the effect also disappeared after a period of time. To do this, the team used data from the British Household Panel Survey compiled by the University of Essex. Explaining what the data revealed, he said: "What you see is that even after three years, mental health is still better, which is unlike many other things that we think will make us happy." He observed that people living in green spaces were less stressed, and less stressed people made more sensible decisions and communicated better.With a growing body of evidence establishing a link between urban green spaces and a positive impact on human well-being, Dr. White said, "There's growing interest among public policy officials, but the trouble is who funds it. What we really need at a policy level is to decide where the money will come from to help support good quality local green spaces."46. According to one study, what do green spaces do to people?A) Improve their work efficiency.B) Add to their sustained happiness.C) Help them build a positive attitude towards life.D) Lessen their concerns about material well-being.47. What does Dr. White say people usually do to make themselves happier?A) Earn more money.B) Settle in an urban area.C) Gain fame and popularity.D) Live in a green environment.48. What does Dr. White try to find out about living in a greener urban area?A) How it affects different people.B) How strong its positive effect is.C) How long its positive effect lasts.D) How it benefits people physically.49. What did Dr. White's research reveal about people living in a green environment?A) Their stress was more apparent than real.B) Their decisions required less deliberation.C) Their memories were greatly strengthened.D) Their communication with others improved.50. According to Dr. White, what should the government do to build more green spaces in cities?A) Find financial support.B) Improve urban planning.C) Involve local residents in the effort.D) Raise public awareness of the issue.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.You probably know about the Titanic, but it was actually just one of three state-of-the-art (先进的) ocean ships back in the day. The Olympic class ships were built by the Harland & Wolff ship makers in Northern Ireland for the White Star Line company. The Olympic class included the Olympic, the Britannic and the Titanic. What you may not know is that the Titanic wasn't even the flagship of this class. All in all, the Olympic class ships were marvels of sea engineering, but they seemed cursed to suffer disastrous fates.The Olympic launched first in 1910, followed by the Titanic in 1911, and lastly the Britannic in 1914. The ships had nine decks, and White Star Line decided to focus on making them the most luxurious ships on the water.Stretching 269.13 meters, the Olympic class ships were wonders of naval technology, and everyone thought that they would continue to be so for quite some time. However, all suffered terrible accidents on the open seas. The Olympic got wrecked before the Titanic did, but it was the only one to survive and maintain a successful career of 24 years. The Titanic was the first to sink after famously hitting a huge iceberg in 1912. Following this disaster, the Britannic hit a naval mine in 1916 and subsequently sank as well.Each ship was coal-powered by several boilers constantly kept running by exhausted crews below deck. Most recognizable of the ship designs are the ship's smoke stacks, but the fourth stack was actually just artistic in nature and served no functional purpose. While two of these ships sank, they were all designed with double hulls (船体) believed to make them "unsinkable", perhaps a mistaken idea that led to the Titanic's and the Britannic's tragic end.The Olympic suffered two crashes with other ships and went on to serve as a hospital ship and troop transport in World War I. Eventually, she was taken out of service in 1935, ending the era of the luxurious Olympic class ocean liners.51. What does the passage say about the three Olympic class ships?A) They performed marvellously on the sea.B) They could all break the ice in their way.C) They all experienced terrible misfortunes.D) They were models of modern engineering.52. What did White Star Line have in mind when it purchased the three ships?A) Their capacity of sailing across all waters.B) The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy.C) Their ability to survive disasters of any kind.D) The long voyages they were able to undertake.53. What is said about the fourth stack of the ships?A) It was a mere piece of decoration.B) It was the work of a famous artist.C) It was designed to let out extra smoke.D) It was easily identifiable from afar.54. What might have led to the tragic end of the Titanic and the Britannic?A) Their unscientific designs.B) Their captains' misjudgment.C) The assumption that they were built with the latest technology.D) The belief that they could never sink with a double-layer body.55. What happened to the ship Olympic in the end?A) She was used to carry troops.B) She was sunk in World War I.C) She was converted into a hospital ship.D) She was retired after her naval service.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.公交车曾是中国人出行的主要交通工具。