英语四级试题
英语四级试题参考答案
英语四级试题参考答案一、听力部分1. A) 根据对话内容，男士询问女士是否需要帮助，女士回答她正在寻找图书馆，但不确定如何到达。
男士提出可以带她去，女士表示感谢。
因此，正确答案是A。
2. B) 对话中提到女士正在考虑是否要参加一个会议，男士建议她应该去，因为这是一个学习新事物和扩展视野的好机会。
女士最终决定参加。
所以，正确答案是B。
3. C) 男士询问女士关于她所学专业的问题，女士回答她主修经济学，并且对国际贸易特别感兴趣。
因此，正确答案是C。
4. D) 女士提到她正在为即将到来的考试做准备，男士询问她是否需要帮助。
女士表示她已经复习了大部分内容，但还有一小部分需要加强。
所以，正确答案是D。
5. E) 对话中男士提到他最近很忙，因为他正在准备一个项目报告。
女士询问他是否需要帮助，但男士表示他可以自己完成。
因此，正确答案是E。
二、阅读部分1. 根据文章内容，作者讨论了现代科技对教育的影响，包括在线课程的普及和个人学习设备的使用。
正确答案是B，文章主要讨论了科技对教育的积极影响。
2. 文章中提到了城市化进程中出现的问题，如交通拥堵和环境污染。
正确答案是C，作者强调了城市规划的重要性。
3. 根据文章，研究表明某些食物可以帮助改善记忆力和学习能力。
正确答案是A，文章主要讨论了食物与认知功能之间的关系。
4. 文章讨论了全球变暖对生态系统的影响，包括物种灭绝和栖息地破坏。
正确答案是D，文章强调了全球变暖的严重后果。
5. 文章中提到了不同文化背景下人们对于时间观念的差异。
正确答案是E，文章探讨了文化差异对时间管理的影响。
三、写作部分1. 作文题目：The Importance of Learning English参考答案：Learning English has become an essential skill in today's globalized world. It is not only the language ofinternational business and diplomacy but also a key to accessing a wealth of knowledge and information. English allows us to communicate with people from diverse cultures and backgrounds, fostering understanding and cooperation.First and foremost, English is the most widely spoken language in the world, making it a bridge to connectdifferent nations and communities. By mastering English, individuals can engage in international trade, participate in global conferences, and collaborate with international partners.Additionally, English is the language of science and technology. Many of the latest research papers, technical manuals, and academic journals are published in English. Learning English enables students and professionals to stayupdated with the latest advancements in their fields.Furthermore, English is the gateway to a vast array of literature, films, and media from around the world. It enriches our cultural experiences and broadens our perspectives.In conclusion, the importance of learning English cannot be overstated. It is a tool for communication, a gateway to knowledge, and a means to cultural exchange. As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, the ability to speak English will continue to be invaluable.四、翻译部分1. 原文：随着科技的发展，人们的生活方式发生了巨大的变化。
2021年12月英语四级真题及答案【共3套】
2021年12月英语四级真题及答案【共3套】第一套试题：一、听力理解1. A) He couldn't find his mobile phone.B) He was late for work.C) He missed the train.D) He had a traffic accident.2. A) The woman is a manager.B) The man is a customer.C) The woman is a sales assistant.D) The man is a repairman.3. A) He is a football player.B) He is a basketball player.C) He is a swimmer.D) He is a runner.4. A) The man wants to buy a new car.B) The woman is interested in buying a car.C) The man wants to sell his old car.D) The woman is a car salesman.5. A) The man is going to a party.B) The woman is going to a party.C) The man is going to a concert.D) The woman is going to a concert.二、阅读理解1. A) The importance of education.B) The benefits of exercise.C) The dangers of smoking.D) The value of friendship.2. A) They help students learn faster.B) They make students more confident.C) They improve students' health.D) They make students more creative.3. A) He has a strong sense of responsibility.B) He is very kind and helpful.C) He is very intelligent and hardworking.D) He is very popular among his classmates.4. A) It is very expensive.B) It is very difficult to find.C) It is very popular among students.D) It is very useful for learning English.5. A) He is a famous scientist.B) He is a famous actor.C) He is a famous writer.D) He is a famous musician.三、写作The Importance of English Learning英语学习在当今社会变得越来越重要。
大学英语四级考试历年真题
大学英语四级考试历年真题2020年12月大学英语四级题库【历年真题（部分视频讲解）＋章节题库】目录•第一部分历年真题[部分视频讲解＋听力音频]•2019年12月大学英语四级考试真题及详解（第一套）[视频讲解＋听力音频]•2019年12月大学英语四级考试真题及详解（第二套）[听力音频]•2019年12月大学英语四级考试真题及详解（第三套）•2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题及详解（第一套）[视频讲解＋听力音频]•2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题及详解（第二套）[听力音频]•2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题及详解（第三套）•2018年12月大学英语四级考试真题及详解（第一套）[听力音频]•2018年12月大学英语四级考试真题及详解（第二套）[听力音频]•2018年12月大学英语四级考试真题及详解（第三套）•2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题及详解（第一套）[听力音频]•2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题及详解（第二套）[听力音频]•2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题及详解（第三套）•2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题及详解（第一套）[听力音频]•2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题及详解（第二套）[听力音频]•2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题及详解（第三套）•第二部分章节题库[听力音频]•第1章写作•第2章听力理解[听力音频]•第3章篇章词汇阅读•第4章长篇匹配阅读•第5章篇章仔细阅读•第6章翻译•内容简介本题库是2020年大学英语四级题库，包括历年真题、章节题库两部分：第一部分为历年真题。
收录2017年12月～2019年12月考试真题，每套试题均进行了详细解析，并且部分真题还附有视频讲解。
既可以体验真实考试，也可以测试自己的水平。
通过该部分学习，学员可充分了解出题风格，熟知解题思路，从而能够有针对性地备考。
第二部分为章节题库。
遵循2020年考试大纲要求，按照最新的考试题型的章目编排，共分为写作、听力、篇章词汇阅读等六大考试题型。
大学英语四级试题和答案
大学英语四级试卷Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic “Education: Examination-Oriented or Quality-Oriented”. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below i n Chinese:1. 应试教育现状及其原因;2. 素质教育的优点;3. 你的观点。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from theals andin how-to pieces and feature stories on news topics, had 237,000 registered contributors and more than one million content pieces as ofFebruary, both about double from the same month a year ago.After posting the content, the site sells advertisements against it and distributes it to other companies, such as online shoe retailer Zappos, which use the content on their own Web sites. If Associated Content accepts a submission (it says it rejects about 25% of them), the author gets between $5 and $30, plus $1.50 for each 1,000 page views. An ability to write “search-engine-optimized” content, an industry term for generating good Google results, helps, says site founder Luke Beatty.People are not only looking for payment but also establishing their credentials “as somebody with experience”, he says. Writi ng about a specific profession, such as law or real estate, helps raise a person’s profile online, enhan cing his job searches, says Mr. Beatty.Sabah Karimi, a 26-year-old from Orlando, Fla., left a career in marketing to become a full-time freelance writer and now spends between 8 and 10 hours a week writing for Associated Content. She has been at it for about three years and says she earns roughly $1,000 amonth from her past and current submissions.Ms. Karimi cautions newcomers to Associated Content that it takes time to build up earnings. She says she learned how to write articles that would bring traffic and often looks for newsy ideas that will attract readers.Mechanical Turk, by contrast, is based on “crowd sourcing”, or breaking a task into lots of tiny pieces and giving it to a bi g group of people to complete quickly. Most of these jobs — which the site calls HITs, for human intelligence tasks — pay just a few cents. Efficient MTurkers, as they call themselves, can make more than $100 a week doing things such as finding someone’s email address or labeling imag es of aparticular animal in a photograph.Amazon says that MTurk now has 200,000 workers from 100 different countries, but it doesn’t keep track of past figures.The site — named for an 18th-century stunt involving a turbaned chess-playing “machine” with an actual chess master hidde n within —began as a way to help Amazon manage its product database, says Sharon Chiarella, vice president of Amazon Mechanical Turk. Amazon uses the site to help sort images and content, paying people a few cents a task. Mechanical Turk also serves a variety of companies who need15. A) She missed the bus.B) She caught the bus.C) She got up five minutes earlier than usual.D) She likes getting up early in the morning.16. A) In the library.B) In the college bookstore.C) At a news-stand.D) At a department store.17. A) Teacher and student.B) Doctor and patient.C) Manager and office worker.D) Travel agent and customer.18. A) Move the washing machine to the basement.B) Turn the basement into a workshop.C) Repair the washing machine.D) Finish her assignment.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) She will go to see her brother.B) She will go to Hawaii with her family.C) She will stay at home with her family.D) She will find a part-time job.20. A) Very exciting. B) Too bad.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) About 40%. B) About 46%. C) About 80%. D) About 54%.27. A) People in South Korea are no longer interested in Hollywood movies.B) It is much cheaper to see a local movie than a Hollywood one.C) Hollywood’s films are not as good as before.D) So uth Korea’s film industry has developed a lot.28. A) They are releasing the movies first in America and then in other countries.B) They are releasing the movies in America and other countries at the same time.C) They send people who sell illegally copied movies to court.D) They encourage people to buy legal DVDs by giving a high discount.29. A) Many people believe that DVDs are not of good quality.B) People are more likely to get movies from the Internet.C) Some people think that DVDs are very expensive.D) People like watching TV better than watching DVDs.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) Once. B) Twice.C) Three times. D) Four times.31. A) He was the president with the longest presidency.B) He led the American people through the Great Depression.C) He led the American people through the First World War.purpose.But you can have too much of a good thing. The glands in the ear canal that produce the wax make too much in some people. Earwax is normally (41)_______; it falls out of the ear or gets washed away. But extra wax can (42)_______ and form a blockage that (43)_______with sound waves and reduces hearing. (44)____________________________________________. Earwax removal is sometimes necessary. But you have to use a safe method or you could do a lot ofdamage.Experts suggest some ways to treat excessive earwax yourself. (45)_________________________. Another way to remove wax is known as irrigation. With the head upright, take hold of the outer part of the ear. Gently pull upward to straighten the ear canal.(46)______________________________________________. Then turn the head to the side to let the water out.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)■ Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Rock and roll is a genre of popular music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its 47 lie mainly in blues, rhythm and blues, country, folk, gospel, and jazz. The style subsequently spread to the rest of the world and developed further, leadingultimately to 48 rock music.The term “rock and roll” now covers at least two different meanings, both in common usage. The American Heritage Dictionary and the Merriam-Webster Dictionary both 49 rock and roll as synonymous with rock music.50 , defines the term as referring specifically to the music of the 1950s.Classic rock and roll is 51 played with one or two electric guitars, a string bass or an electric bass guitar, and a drum kit. In the 52 rock)of adeIn 2008, 79 percent of pupils met the Government’s expected standard at the end of primary school, well short of the 85 percent target set for 2006. Around five percent moved to secondary school with the math skills of a seven- year-old, said the committee. In 2006, ￡2.3 billion was spent teaching the subject. It equates to around a quarter of the ￡10 billion total budget for primary teaching and support staff.The report said the Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF) needed to “radically rethink its strategy for improv ing pupil attainment; otherwi se we seriously doubt that the department will meet its 2011 target”. The target demands that 84.5 percent of pupils willmake the necessary progress between 7 and 11.Last year, the DCSF published a major review of math education in England to boost standards. It called for a math specialist in every primary school within 10 years and more emphasis on mathematical “play” in nursery schools. Mr. Leigh said, “The department’s 10-year program to train 13,000 specialist math teachers will not benefit some p rimary schools for another decade. That’s far too long; the department needs to look for ways to accelerate the program.” Sarah McCarthy Fry, the Schools Minister, said, “We have alread y accepted the main recommendation from a recent independent review of primary math that every school should have a specialist math teacher andhave pledged ￡24 million over the next three years for a training program for teachers.”Nick Gibb, the Tory shadow schools secretary, said, “The Government is not getting value fo r the money they have piled into education and the country is falling behind in international league tables as a result. The Government has failed to replace methods of teaching which have failed with tried and tested methods used in countries that have mu ch higher levels of math achievement.”57. What do we learn from the first paragraph?A) 30,000 pupils started secondary school with poor math skills.B) MPs insist more improvements should be made under Labor.C) Young people need medical lessons to get a job.D) Half of English schools were not good enough.58. According to the passage, what happened in 2006?A) 21% of pupils didn’t meet the Government’s expected standard.dedirectly with farmer cooperatives. It helps organize, avoiding brokers (代理人) and middlemen. It guarantees higher prices for the farmers’goods and helps them set up schools and health clinics.The Fair Trade movement took root in Europe in the 1990’s as a way of bolstering coffee farmers as prices were collapsing. Si nce Fair Trade began, more than a million coffee growers and other farmers have joined cooperatives that sell their products through Fair Tradechannels instead of directly to a commercial producer.Not everyone is greeting the Fair Trade label with open arms. Several American coffee importers recently pulled out of Fair Trade, citing TransFair’s “corporate friendly” policies that allow large companies to use the Fair Trade logo in their marketing even if only a smallamount of the company’s overall purchases are Fair Trade certified.Edmund LaMacchia, the national produce coordinator for Whole Foods, said Fair Trade is only one of many consumer choices. “Whole Foods has its own team of inspectors and has no plans to carry Fair Trade products”, Mr. LaMacchia said. “Our standards are h igher than Fair Trade’s, actually.” Fair Trade is only one of several labels your bananas might be wearing this year. Another is that of the Rainforest Alliance,which certifies the use of sustainable agriculture methods.So far, though, Fair Trade is the biggest. A Fair Trade label by itself does not guarantee an organic product, but most Fair Trade bananas are also organic, Ms. Bourque said, because pesticides are usually too costly for the small farmers who grow them. If the bananas are organic, they will be labeled as such, and will probably be wearing a sticker to prove it.62. Why are bananas wearing “Fair Trade Certified” stickers?A) It means bananas are the fashion victims of the produce section.B) It means bananas have got a new label.C) It means bananas with these stickers are available in the United States.D) It represents an international effort to help the third-world farmers.63. What does Fair Trade do?A) It helps farmers sell their products for a higher profit.uses on washing hands at 69 as a way to stop infections from 70 . Several studies show hands are the single most important 71 route for all types ofinfections.Even though most people know to wash their hands after using the toilet or handling a diaper (尿布), studies 72 many people are stillending up with germs on their hands.One study looked in homes of 73 recently vaccinated against polio (脊髓灰质炎). After vaccination, the virus is74 to be shed in the baby’s feces (粪便). Researchers found the virus on 13 percent of bathroom, living room and kitchen surfaces. 75the virus from the vaccine didn’t pose a health risk, feces-borne viruses can 76 through the home.Doorknobs and toilet flush handles are key 77 of germ transmission in the home. That’s why people shoul d focus on cleaning such surfaces 78 and always wash their hands after touching them. In one study, a 79 touched a door handle contaminated with a virus. He thenshook hands 80 other volunteers, and spread the virus to six people.The study authors note that the timing of hand washing is key. It’s 81 to wash hands after using the toilet, before eating or handling food.Other crucial times for hand washing are after 82 a diaper or cleaning up after a pet, or after touching garbage cans, dish rags and utensilsthat may have come 83 contact with raw food.While it may be hard to 84 that something as simple as regular hand washing can make a difference in your family’s health, co nsider what happened during the 2003 outbreak of SARS. The outbreak 85 extensive public and community health measures, including regular hand washing. Not only was the SARS outbreak contained, 86 other cases of illnesses dropped sharply.67. A) occasionally B) often C) sometimes D) repeatedly68. A) chemical B) physical C) medical D) mental69. A) home B) clinics C) hospitals D) school70. A) living B) spreading C) surviving D) going71. A) transmit B) transfer C) transferring D) transmission72. A) claim B) agree C) suggest D) objectOne possible version:Education: Examination-Oriented or Quality-OrientedFrom primary school to college, students, teachers and parents all are struggling for high scores. This is because the current education system is not aimed at quality, but only at developing student s’ ability to perform well on tests. As a result, many students, even those with high scores, often do poorly when it comes to the practical application of what they’ve learned.Therefore, China is challenging examination-oriented education by advocating quality-oriented education. The alternative will focus on the students’ ability as a whole. The exam results will no longer play a key role in evaluating a student.Personally, I firmly believe in the effectiveness of this new policy. I have seen in m y mind’s eye the more dedicated study, the looser environment, yet the more creative minds of the future students. Our education, so to speak, will bring up a new generation.Part III Listening Comprehension11-15 CABCA 16-20 BCDBD21-25 CDCCA 26-30 BDBBD31-35 BBDCA 36. traps37. insects 38. infections 39. European 40. sticky41. expelled 42. harden43. interferes44. People can also cause a blockage when they try to clean out their ears — but only push the wax deeper inside45. They say the wax can be softened with mineral oil, or ear drops46. Use a device to gently direct water against the wall of the ear canalTape Script of Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or moreW: Shouldn’t she be working on her term paper?Q: What does the woman think Mary should do?Now you’ll hear two long conversations.Conversation OneM: This semester has gone so quickly! Our exams are coming to an end.W: Yes, I’m so excited about the coming winter vacation. I have made all the arrangements for my vacation.M: What are you planning to do?W: Well, my family and I have a trip planned to H awaii. It will be a great place to spend such a cold winter. Besides, we’ve been talking about going there for years, and we finally went to an agent and planned the whole thing out.M: Wow! That does sound exciting. I am also dreaming about a trip there, but unfortunately, I have never had a chance.W: I’m sure you’ll be able to go sometime soon. So, what’s your plan for the winter holiday?M: I intend to look for a part-time job to save a little money for next year. It will also be a good experience.W: That doesn’t sound too bad, either.M: You know, I really want to buy a new computer next semester, so I have to save as much money as possible.W: Yeah, I remember you telling me that before.M: I’d rather my parents didn’t pay for it.I’d feel proud of myself if I bought it with the money I earned.W: Sounds like you have a goal this winter.M: Yes. Next semester you’ll have to tell me all about your trip!Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What is the woman’s plan for the winter vacation?20. What does the woman think of the man’s plan for the winter vacation?21. What does the man want to buy next semester?and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C) and D).Passage OneHollywood is increasingly looki ng outside America’s borders for stars and profit.Jonathan Taplin is a professor at the USC Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Southern California. He says that today, about 54 percent of the ticket sales for Hollywood studios now come from outside the United States.For the last three months of 2007, foreign sales totaled about 880 million dollars. But there is fierce competition for each movie dollar.Hollywood has lost market share in some places as other countries develop their own film industries. For example, in the mid 1980s, American films had 80 percent of the market in South Korea. Today that share is about 40 percent.Hollywood also faces competition from illegally copied movies, a major issue to the Motion Picture Association of America. The trade group estimated more than 18 billion dollars in worldwide losses from piracy in 2005.Hollywood reporter Alan Silverman says piracy has influenced how American movies are released. In the past, Hollywood studios waited months after the American release of a film to release it in foreign markets. Now, many aim to release films at the same time aroundthe world.Foreign markets may also influence how people get their movies. Different nations have different levels of technology.Efforts to settle on the next-generation DVD got a lot of attention recently. Sony’s Blu-ray technology for high-definition televisionswon the competition with Toshiba’s HD DVD format.Yet DVD sales have dropped in recent years. This may be a sign that people are increasingly getting their movies off the Internet. The Internet is another front in Hollywood’s war on piracy. But more than that, it presents complex business questions for an ind ustry now builtmostly on DVD and ticket sales.Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. What percentage of ticket sales for Hollywood studios come from inside the United States?, willMillions of people around the world cook their food over a smoky fire every day. It is often difficult to find wood for the fire. People who do not have wood must spend large amounts of money on cooking fuel. However, there is a much easier way to cook food using energyfrom the sun.Solar cookers, or ovens, have been used for centuries. A Swiss scientist made the first solar oven in 1767. Today, people are using solar cookers in many countries around the world. People use solar ovens to cook food and to heat drinking water to kill bacteria and other harmfulorganisms.There are three kinds of solar ovens. The first is a box cooker. It is designed with a special wall that shines or reflects sunlight into the box. Heat gets trapped under a piece of glass or plastic covering the top of the cooker. A box oven is effective for slow cooking of largeamounts of food.The second kind of solar oven is a panel cooker. It includes several flat walls, or panels, that directly reflect the sun’s l ight onto the food. The food is inside a separate container of plastic or glass that traps heat energy. People can build panel cookers quickly and with very fewsupplies. They do not cost much. In Kenya, for example, panel cookers are being manufactured for just two dollars.The third kind of solar oven is a parabolic cooker. It has rounded walls that aim sunlight directly into the bottom of the oven. Food cooks quickly in parabolic ovens. However, these cookers are hard to make. They must be re-aimed often to follow the sun. Paraboliccookers can also cause burns and eye injuries if they are not used correctly.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. Which of the following is NOT a function of solar ovens?34. What kind of oven is effective for slow cooking of a lot of food?35. Which is the best title for this passage?Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exactarwax50. L)年代的音51. E)。
历年英语四级真题及答案(完整版)
大学英语四级真题Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Online Shopping. You should write at least 120 wordsfollowing the outline given below:1．现在网上购物已成为一种时尚2．网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题3．我的建议Online Shopping注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Forquestions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given inthe passage.British Cuisine: the Best of Old and NewBritish cuisine (烹饪) has come of age in r ecent years as chefs (厨师) combine the best of old and new.Why does British food have a reputation for being so bad? Because it is bad! Those are not the most encouraging words to hear just before eating lunch at one of Hong Kong's smartest British restaurants, Alfie's by KEE, but head chef Neil Tomes has more to say."The past 15 years or so have been a noticeable period of improvement for food in England," the English chef says, citing the trend in British cuisine for better ingredients, preparation and cooking methods, and more appealing presentation. Chefs such as Delia Smith, Nigel Slater, Jamie Oliver and Gordon Ramsay made the public realise that cooking - and eating - didn't have to be a boring thing. And now, most of the British public is familiar even with the extremes of Heston BlumenthaPs molecular gastronomy, a form of cooking that employs scientific methods to create the perfect dish."It's no longer the case that the common man in England is embarrassed to show he knows about food," Tomes says.There was plenty of room for improvement. The problems with the nation's cuisine can be traced back to the Second W orld W ar. Before the W ar, much of Britain's food was imported and when German U-boats began attacking ships bringing food to the country, Britain went on rations (配给)."As rationing came to an end in the 1950s, technology picked up and was used to mass-produce food," T omes says. "And by then people were just happy to have a decent quantity of food in their kitchens."They weren't looking for cured meats, organic produce or beautiful presentation; they were looking for whatever they could get their hands on, and this prioritisation of quantity over quality prevailed for decades, meaning a generation was brought up with food that couldn't compete with neighbouring France, Italy, Belgium or Spain.Before star chefs such as Oliver began making cooking fashionable, it was hard to find a restaurant in London that was open after 9pm. But in recent years the capital's culinary (烹饪的) scene has developed to the point that it is now confident of its ability to please the tastes of any international visitor.With the opening of Alfie's in April, and others such as The Pawn, two years ago, modern British food has made its way to Hong Kong. "With British food, I think that Hong Kong restaurants are keeping up," says David T amlyn, the W elsh executive chef at The Pawn in W an Chai. "Hong Kong diners are extremely responsive to new ideas or presentations, which is good news for new dishes."Chefs agree that diners in Hong Kong are embracing the modern British trend. Some restaurants are modifying the recipes (菜谱) of British dishes to breathe new life1into the classics, while others are using better quality ingredients but remaining true to British traditions and tastes.T amlyn is in the second camp. "W e select our food very particularly. W e use US beef, New Zealand lamb and for our custards (牛奶蛋糊)we use Bird's Custard Powder," Tamlyn says. "Some restaurants go for custard made fresh with eggs, sugar and cream, but British custard is different, and we stay true to that."Matthew Hill, senior manager at the two-year-old SoHo restaurant Y orkshire Pudding, also uses better ingredients as a means of improving dishes. "There are a lot of existing perceptions about British food and so we can't alter these too much. W e're a traditional British restaurant so there are some staples (主菜) that will remain essentially unchanged."These traditional dishes include fish and chips, steak and kidney pie and large pieces of roasted meats. At Alfie's, the newest of the British restaurants in town and perhaps the most gentlemen's club-like in design, Neil T omes explains his passion for provenance (原产地)."Britain has started to become really proud of the food it's producing. It has excellent organic farms, beautifully crafted cheeses, high-quality meats."However, the British don't have a history of exporting their foodstuffs, which makes it difficult for restaurants in Hong Kong to source authentic ingredients."W e can get a lot of our ingredients once a week from the UK," T amlyn explains. "But there is also pressure to buy local and save on food miles, which means we take our vegetables from the local markets, and there are a lot that work well with British staples."The Phoenix, in Mid-Levels, offers the widest interpretation of "British cuisine", while still trying to maintain its soul. The gastro-pub has existed in various locations in Hong Kong since 2002. Singaporean head chef T ommy T eh Kum Chai offers daily specials on a blackboard, rather than sticking to a menu. This enables him to reinterpret British cuisine depending on what is available in the local markets."We use a lot of ingredients that people wouldn't perhaps associate as British, but are presented in a British way. Bell peppers stuffed with couscous, alongside ratatouille, is a very popular dish."Although the ingredients may not strike diners as being traditional, they can be found in dishes across Britain.Even the traditional chefs are aware of the need to adapt to local tastes and customs, while maintaining the Britishness of their cuisine.At Y orkshire Pudding, Hill says that his staff asks diners whether they would like to share their meals. Small dishes, shared meals and "mixing it up" is not something commonly done in Britain, but Y orkshire Pudding will bring full dishes to the table and offer individual plates for each diner. "That way, people still get the presentation of the dishes as they were designed, but can carve them up however they like," Hill says.This practice is also popular at The Pawn, although largely for rotisseries (烤肉馆),T amlyn says. "Some tables will arrive on a Sunday, order a whole chicken and a shoulder of lamb or a baby pig, and just stay for hours enjoying everything we bring out for them."Some British traditions are too sacred (神圣的)to mess with, however, T omes says. "I'd never change a full English breakfast."注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
大学英语四级及答案试题
大学英语四级及答案试题一、听力理解（共20分）1. A) 8:00 amB) 9:00 amC) 10:00 amD) 11:00 am根据对话内容，对话者提到了会议将在上午9点开始。
因此，正确答案是B) 9:00 am。
2. A) 教授B) 学生C) 同事D) 朋友对话中提到了“明天的考试”，并且提到了“教授”这个词。
因此，对话者之间的关系是学生和教授。
正确答案是A) 教授。
3. A) 去图书馆B) 去超市C) 去电影院D) 去公园对话中提到了“借书”，因此可以推断出对话者打算去图书馆。
正确答案是A) 去图书馆。
4. A) 5B) 10C) 15D) 20对话中提到了“每15分钟一次”，因此正确答案是C) 15。
5. A) 同意B) 不同意C) 无所谓D) 未提及对话中提到了“我完全同意你的看法”，因此正确答案是A) 同意。
二、阅读理解（共20分）Passage 16. 根据第一段，作者认为最理想的工作环境是什么？A) 有充足的自然光B) 有安静的环境C) 有舒适的座椅D) 有宽敞的空间正确答案是A) 有充足的自然光。
7. 第二段中提到的“绿色植物”对工作环境有什么好处？A) 减少噪音B) 净化空气C) 提高温度D) 增加湿度正确答案是B) 净化空气。
Passage 28. 文章主要讨论了什么？A) 健康饮食B) 运动的重要性C) 工作压力D) 睡眠质量正确答案是D) 睡眠质量。
9. 根据第三段，哪种睡眠习惯被认为对健康有益？A) 每天睡8小时B) 每天睡6小时C) 每天睡10小时D) 每天睡4小时正确答案是A) 每天睡8小时。
三、完形填空（共20分）10. 根据上下文，空格处应该填入的词是：A) howeverB) thereforeC) moreoverD) besides正确答案是B) therefore。
11. 空格处应该填入的词是：A) increaseB) decreaseC) remainD) change正确答案是A) increase。
大学英语四级考试试题及答案
大学英语四级考试Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Uni on to assist elderly people in the neighborhood. You should write at least I20 words but no more than I80 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Questions l and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A) He set a record by swimming to and from an island. B) He celebrated the ninth birthday on a small island.C) He visited a prison located on a faraway island. D) He swam around an island near San Francisco.2. A) He doubled the reward. C) He set him an example.B) He cheered him on all the way. D) He had the event covered on TVQuestions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A)To end the one-child policy. C) To increase working efficiency.B) To encourage late marriage. D) To give people more time to travel.4.A) They will not be welcomed by young people. C) They will boost China's economic growth.B) They will help to popularize early marriage D) They will not come into immediate effect.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A) Cleaning service in great demand all over the worldB)Two ladies giving up well-paid jobs to do cleaning.C) A new company to clean up the mess after parties.D) Cleaners gainfully employed at nights and weekends.6.A)It takes a lot of time to prepare.B)It leaves the house in a mess.C)It makes party goers exhausted.D)It creates noise and misconduct.7. A)Hire an Australian lawyer.B) Visit the US and CanadaC) Settle a legal dispute.D) Expand their business.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B). C and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to ll are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A)He had a driving lesson. C) He took the driver's theory exam.B) He got his driver' license. D) He passed the driver's road test.9. A) He was not well prepared. C) He was not used to the test format.B) He did not get to the exam in time. D) He did not follow the test procedure.10.A) They are tough. C) They are helpful.B) They are costly. D) They are too short.11.A) Pass his road test the first time C) Find an experienced driving instructor.B) Test-drive a few times on highways. D) Earn enough money for driving lessons.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) Where the woman studies. C) Leeds' tuition for international students.B) The acceptance rate at Leeds. D) How to apply for studies at a university.13. A)Apply to an American university. C) Perform in a famous musical. B) Do research on higher education.D) Pursue postgraduate studies.14. A) His favorable recommendations. C) His academic excellence.B) His outstanding musical talent. D) His unique experience.15. A) Do a master's degree. C) Travel widely.B) Settle down in England. D) Teach overseas.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) They help farmers keep diseases in check. C) Only a few species cause trouble to humans.B) Many species remain unknown to scientists D) They live in incredibly well-organized colonies.17. A) They are larger than many other species. C) They can survive a long time without water.B) They can cause damage to people's homes D) They like to form colonies in electrical units.18. A) Deny them access to any food. C) Destroy their colonies close by.B) Keep doors and windows shut. D) Refrain from eating sugary food.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) The function of the human immune system.B) The cause of various auto-immune diseases.C) The viruses that may infect the human immune system.D) The change in people's immune system as they get older.20.A) Report their illnesses. C) Act as research assistants.B) Offer blood samples. D) Help to interview patients.21.A) Strengthening people's immunity to infection. C) Helping improve old people's health conditions.B) Better understanding patients’ immune system. D) Further reducing old patients' medical expenses. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) His students had trouble getting on with each other. C) His students were struggling to follow hislessons. B)A lot of kids stayed at school to do their homework. D) A group of kids were playing chess after school23. A) Visit a chess team in Nashville. C) Participate in a national chess competition.B)Join the school's chess team. D) Receive training for a chess competition.24. A) Most of them come from low-income families. C) A couple of them have got involved in crimes.B)Many have become national chess champions. D) Many became chess coaches after graduation.25. A) Actions speak louder than words. C) Translate their words into action.B) Think twice before taking action. D) Take action before it gets too late.Part Ill Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage throughcorresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.The center of American automobile innovation has in the past decade moved 2,000 miles away. It has 26 from Detroit to Silicon Valley, where self-driving vehicles are coming to life.In a 27 to take production back to Detroit, Michigan lawmakers have introduced 28 that could make their state the best place in the country, if not the world, to develop self-driving vehicles and put them on the road."Michigan's 29 in auto research and development is under attack from several states and countries which desire to 3o our leadership in transportation. We can't let that happen," says Senator Mike Kowall, the lead 31 of four bills recently introduced.If all four bills pass as written, they would 32 a substantial update of Michigan's 2013 law that allowed the testing of self-driving vehicles in limited conditions. Manufacturers would have nearly total freedom to test their self-driving technology on public roads. They would be allowed to send groups of self-driving cars on cross- state road trips, and even set up on-demand 33 of self-driving cars, like the one General Motors and Lyft are building.Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the commercial application of self-driving technology. In 34 , California, home of Silicon Valley, recently proposed far more 35 rules that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel, and ban commercial use of self-driving technology.A)bid I) replaceB)contrast J) representC)deputy K) restrictiveD)dominance L) rewardE)fleets M) significantF)knots N) sponsorG)legislation O) transmittedH) migratedSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter: Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How Work Will Change When Most of Us Live to 100A)Today in the United States there are 72,000 centenarians(百岁老人).,Worldwide, probably 450.000.11 current trends continue, then by 2050 there will be more than a million in the US aloneAccording to the work of Professor James Vaupel and his co-researchers. 50% of babies born the US in 2007 have a life expectancy of 104 or more. Broadly the same holds for the UK. Germany, France, Italy and Canada, and for Japan 50% of 2007 babies can expect to live to 107.B)Understandably. there are concerns about what this means for public finances given the associatedhealth and pension challenges. These challenges real and society urgently needs to address them But it is also important to look at the wider picture of what happens when so many people live for l00 years It isa mistake to simply equate longevity (长寿)with issues of old age. Longer lives have implications for allof life,not just the end of it.C)Our view is that if many people are living for longer and are healthier for longer, then this willresult in an inevitable redesign of work and life. When people live longer, they are not only older for longer, but also younger for longer., There is some truth in the saying that "7o is the new 60" or"40 the new 3o." If you age more slowly over a longer time period, then you are in some sense younger for longer D)But the changes go further than that. Take, for instance, the age at which people make commitments such as buying a house, getting married, having children, or starting a carer. These are all fundamental commitments that are now occurring later in life. In 1962, 50% of Americans were married by age 21. ByE)While there are numerous factors behind these shifts, one factor is surely a growing realization forthe young that they are going to live longer. Options are more valuable the longer they can be held. Soif you believe you will live longer, then options become more valuable, and early commitment becomes less attractive. The result is that the commitments that previously characterized the beginning of adulthood are now being delayed, and new patters of behavior and anew stage of life are emerging for those in their twenties.F)Longevity also pushes back the age of retirement,and not only for financial reasons. Yes, unless people are prepared to save a lot more, our calculations suggest that if you are now in your mid-40s then you are likely to work until your early 70s;and if you are in your early 20s, there is areal chance you will need to work until your late 70s or possibly even into your 80s But even if people are able to economically support a retirement at 65, over thirty years of potential inactivity is harmful tocognitive(认知的)and emotional vitality. Many people may simply not want to do it.G)And yet that does not mean that simply extending our careers is appealing Just lengthening that second stage of full-time work may secure the financial assets needed for a lo-year life, but such persistent work will inevitably exhaust precious intangible assets such as productive skills, vitality, happiness, and friendshipH)The same is true for education. It is impossible that a single shot of education, administered in childhood and early adulthood. will be able to support a sustained. 60-year career. If you factor in the projected rates of technological change, either your skills will become necessary, or your industry outdated. That means that everyone will at some point in their life, have to make a number of major reinvestments in their skillsI)It seems likely. then. that the traditional three-stage life will evolve into multiple stagescontaining two.three or even more different careers. Each of these stages could potentially be different. In one the focus could be on building financial success and personal achievement, in another on creating a better work life balance. still another on exploring and understanding options more fully, or becoming an independent producer. vet another on making a social contribution. These stages will span sectors, take people to different cities. and provide afoundation for building a wide variety of skills.J)Transitions between stages could be marked with sabbaticals(体假)as people find time to rest and rechargefoundation for building a wide variety of skills.their health. re-invest in their relationships, or improve their skills. At times. these breaks and transitions will he self determined at others they will be forced as existing roles, firms. or industries cease to exist.K)A multi-stage life will have profound changes not just in how you manage your career, but also in your approach to life. An increasingly important skill will be your ability to deal with change and even welcome it. A three-stage life has few transitions, while a multi-stage life has many. That is why being self-aware, investing in broader networks of friends, and being open to new ideas will become even more crucial skills.L)These multi-stage lives will create extraordinary variety across groups of people simply because there are so many ways of sequencing the stages. More stages mean more possible sequences.M)With this variety will come the end of the close association of age and stage. In a three-stagelife,people leave university at the same time and the same age, they tend to start their careers and family at the same age, they proceed through middle management all roughly the same time, and then move into retirement within a few years of each other. In a multi-stage life, you could be an undergraduate at 20,40,or 60;a manager at 30,50, or 70;and become an independent producer at any age.N)Current life structures, career paths, educational choices, and social norms are out of tune with the emerging reality of longer lifespans. The three-stage life of full-time education, followed by continuous work, and then complete retirement may have worked for our parents or even grandparents, but it is not relevant today. We believe that to focus on longevity as primarily an issue of aging is to miss its full implications. Longevity is not necessarily about being older for longer. It is about living longer, being older later, and being younger longer.36.An extended lifespan in the future will allow people to have more careers than now.37.Just extending one's career may have both positive and negative effects.38.Nowadays, many Americans have on average delayed their marriage by some eight years39.Because of their longer lifespan, young people today no longer follow the pattern of life of their parents or grandparents.40.Many more people will be expected to live over 100 by the mid-2lst century.41.A longer life will cause radical changes in people's approach to life.43.Many people may not want to retire early because it would do harm to their mental and emotional well-being.44.The close link between age and stage may cease to exist in a multi-stage life45.People living a longer and healthier life will have to rearrange their work and lifeSection CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.In the classic marriage vow(誓约), couples promise to stay together in sickness and in health. But a new study finds that the risk of divorce among older couples rises when the wife -not the husband--becomes seriously ill.“Married women diagnosed with a serious health condition may find themselves struggling with the impact of their disease while also experiencing the stress of divorce," said researcher Amelia Karraker.Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed 20 years of data on 2,7l7 marriages from a study conducted by Indiana University since 1992.At the time of the first interview, at least one of the partners was over the age of 50.The researchers examined how the onset(发生)of four serious physical illnesses affected marriages. They found that, overall. 31% of marriages ended in divorce over the period studied. The incidence of new chronic (慢性的)illness onset increased over time as well with more husbands than wives developing serious health problems.“We found that women are doubly vulnerable to marital break-up in the face of illness." Karraker said “They're more likely to be widowed, and if they're the ones who become ill they're more likely together divorced."While the study didn't assess why divorce is more likely when wives but not husbands become seriously ill, Karraker offers a few possible reasons. "'Gender norms and social expectations about care giving may make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses,"Karraker said. "And because of the imbalance in marriage markets, especially in older ages, divorced men have more choices among prospective partners than divorced women."Given the increasing concern about health care costs for the aging population, Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the relationship between disease and risk of divorce.“Offering support services to spouses caring for their other halves may reduce marital stress and prevent divorce at older ages," she said. "But it's also important to recognize that the pressure to divorce may be health- related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and services to prevent worsening health and increased health costs.'46.What can we learn about marriage vows from the passage?A)They may not guarantee a lasting marriage. C) They are not taken seriously any more.B) They are as binding as they used to be. D) They may help couples tide over hard times.47.What did Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham find about elderly husbands?A)They are generally not good at taking care of themselves.B)They can become increasingly vulnerable to serious illnesses.C)They can develop different kinds of illnesses just like their wives.D) They are more likely to contract serious illnesses than their wives.48.What does Karraker say about women who fall ill?A)They are more likely to be widowed. C) They are less likely to receive good care.B) They are more likely to get divorced. D) They are less likely to bother their spouses.49.Why is it more difficult for men to take care of their sick spouses according to Karraker?A)They are more accustomed to receiving care.C)They think it more urgent to fulfill their social obligations.D) They expect society to do more of the job.50.What does Karraker think is also important?A)Reducing marital stress on wives. C) Providing extra care for divorced women.B)Stabilizing old couples' relations. D) Making men pay for their wives’ health costs.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.If you were like most children, you probably got upset when your mother called you by a siblings(兄弟姐妹的)name. How could she not know you? Did it mean she loved you less?Probably not. According to the first research to tackle this topic head-on, misnaming the most familiar people in our life is a common cognitive(认知的)error that has to do with how our memories classify and store familiar names.The study, published online in April in the journal Memory and Cognition, found that the "wrong" name is not random but is invariably fished out from the same relationship pond: children,siblings, friends. The study did not examine the possibility of deep psychological significance to the mistake, says psychologist David Rubin, " but it does tell us who's in and who's out of the group."The study also found that within that group, misnaming occurred where the names shared initial or internal sounds, like Jimmy and Joanie or John and Bob. Physical resemblance between people was not a factor. Nor was gender.The researchers conducted five separate surveys of more than 1,700 people. Some of the surveys included only college students; others were done with a mixed-age population. Some asked subjects about incidents where someone close to them--family or friend-had called them by another person's name. The other surveys asked about times when subjects had themselves called someone close to them by the wrong name. All the surveys found that people mixed up names within relationship groups such as grandchildren, friends and siblings but hardly ever crossed these boundariesIn general, the study found that undergraduates were almost as likely as old people to make this mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and women made the mistake slightly more often, but that may be because grandparents have more grandchildren to mix up than parents have children. Also, mothers may call on their children more often than fathers, given traditional gender norms. There was no evidence that errors occurred more when the misname was frustrated, tired or angry.51.How might people often feel when they were misnamed?A)Unwanted. C) Confused.B) Unhappy. D) Indifferent.52.What did David Rubin's research find about misnaming?A)It is related to the way our memories work. C) It occurs mostly between kids and their friends.B) It is a possible indicator of a faulty memory. D)It often causes misunderstandings among people.53.What is most likely the cause of misnaming?A)Similar personality traits. C) Similar physical appearance.B) Similar spellings of names. D) Similar pronunciation of names.54.What did the surveys of more than l,700 subjects find about misnaming?A)It more often than not hurts relationships. C) It is most frequently found in extended families,B)It hardly occurs across gender boundaries. D) It most often occurs within a relationship group.55.Why do mothers misname their children more often than fathers?A)They suffer more frustrations. C) They communicate more with their children.B)They become worn out more often. D) They generally take on more work at home.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2灯笼起源于东汉，最初主要用于照明。
英语四级试题及答案
英语四级试题及答案一、听力理解1.A. 5:00 p.m.B. 6:00 p.m.C. 7:00 p.m.D. 8:00 p.m.答案：B2.A. The man is a teacher.B. The man is a student.C. The man is a doctor.D. The man is a lawyer.答案：A二、阅读理解Passage 136.What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of sleep.B. The benefits of exercise.C. The role of diet in health.D. The impact of stress on health.答案：A37.According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. Lack of sleep can cause obesity.B. Sleep is not important for health.C. Exercise can replace sleep.D. A healthy diet can compensate for lack of sleep.答案：APassage 238.What does the author suggest about the role of parents in children's education?A. Parents should be more involved.B. Parents should be less involved.C. Parents should not be involved at all.D. Parents should only be involved in certain areas.答案：A39.What is the author's opinion on the current education system?A. It is outdated.B. It is effective.C. It is too strict.D. It is too lenient.答案：A三、完形填空40.A. AlthoughB. BecauseC. IfD. Unless答案：A41.A. surprisedB. frightenedC. excitedD. annoyed答案：C四、翻译42.The government has taken measures to ensure the safety of the public.答案：政府已采取措施确保公众的安全。
2023年四级英语试题试卷及答案
英语四级试题Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Should Smoking Be Completely Banned.You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1.有人赞同完全严禁吸烟, 理由是……2.有人不赞同完全严禁吸烟, 理由是……3.我的见解。
Should Smoking Be Completely BannedPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.SpaceOur Future in Space: It Has Already Begun!We are all space travelers.But we’ve stayed close to home until now.One day, we may leave our “mother ship” Earth to make our home among the stars.A giant, spherical “spaceship”, about 8,000 miles in diameter, is speeding through the solar system right now.It is cruising at an incredible 66,600 miles per hour.It’s not a giant, Star Wars mother-ship.It’s spaceship Earth, the homeof over four billion people.This water coated spaceship has been traveling through the universe for about five billion years.Only within the past 25 years, however, have some of its passengers broken free of Earth’s gravity.But 25 years from now, many people, including you, might live in anorbiting space station 200 miles above the Earth.Space CitiesScientists have already designed special space factories.These factorieswill take advantage of the absence of gravity (zero gravity) to produce everything from life-saving drugs to perfect ball bearings.Other scientists have designed space colonies, complete with farms, schools, and artificial day and night.Hundreds, or even thousands, of peoplewill live, work, play—even go to school, far above the Earth.Our conquest of space, of course, has already begun.We have explored partof the Moon, sent robot spaceships onto the surface of Venus and Mars, and aimed space probes past the planets of Jupiter and Saturn.Last June, one robot ship, Pioneer 10, left our solar system forever.And astronauts from both the Soviet Union and the United States have lived inspace stations.The conquest of space, without question, is one of the greatest adventures human beings have ever set out on.But it may be more than a greatadventure.Some scientists think the conquest of space may be a necessity for survival of the human species.We are tearing up more and more of the Earth to get raw materials for industry.And we are polluting the air and water as we manufacture productsthat we need or want.Almost everything that seems to make our lives more comfortable, and from electricity to pesticides, uses up or alters a piece of our planet’s natural environment.Why Go into Space?Yet our solar system is full of resources.The moon is chockfull of valuable metals.So are the asteroids, the small, rocky, planet-like bodies orbiting the sun most of them between Mars and Jupiter.These metals, if we can get them, could be used to build factories and space stations.Also, in space, there is no atmosphere to filter out the sun’senergy.There is plenty of solar energy to be turned into electricity for manufacturing, for creating comfortable living conditions.Getting away from Earth has other advantages, too.Modern industry uses many kinds of metal alloys (mixtures of metal that are better for certain purposes than pure metals).Yet some metal alloys either can’t be made or are very expensive to make on Earth because of gravity.For instance, certain metals don’t mix well on Earth.But in zero gravity, molten (hot, liquid) metals mix more evenly.This is because there is no gravity to pull the heavier metals down, while the lighter ones float on top.From space, too, we can look down on the Earth and study the atmosphere, its weather, and the effects of air pollution.And because there is no strong gravity to break free from, our future homes away from Earth will be convenient starting points for travel to distantplanets.But, while going into space might solve some problems, outer space can also be a dangerous place.For example, in outer space, we have to protect ourselves from the dangers of ultraviolet light and cosmic rays.Ultraviolet light from the sun can give us bad sunburns right here on Earth.Yet, Earth’s atmosphere screens out most of that harmful radiation.Cosmic rays are tiny high energy particles from outer space.Again, the Earth shields us from most of them.At Home in Space?But in space, without special protection, we would be exposed to much stronger radiation from ultraviolet light and cosmic rays.Also, in the zero gravity of outer space, our bones will lose calcium and become weaker.Thiswill be more of a problem the longer people stay out in space.Doctors are looking for a way to keep our bones from losing calcium in outer space.And a small spaceship just might “drive you batty” after a while.But even on a short trip in outer space, you might not feel as well as you’d like to.Space travel could make you seasick!Yet, these risks won’t keep people from going into space.Eventually, an Earth-like environment will be built in space.And they will be populated by people with many different interests: medicine, construction, farming, teaching, mining, and so on.The next hundred years will be filled with other worldly adventures, exciting scientific discoveries, and danger, as humans leave Earth—perhaps forever.Aging in SpaceSuppose a space traveler is moving at a velocity of 186,200 miles persecond.For every hour that passes for him, 30 hours pass on Earth.If hetravels for a year in this fashion (having accelerated instantaneously) and then turns around and comes back at this speed (having turned around instantaneously), he will find that while he has seemed to himself to have traveled two years, the men on Earth would claim he had been absent for 30 years.Suppose the space traveler had left at the age of 30, leaving behind a twin brother also aged 30.When he returned he would be 32, but his stay-at-home twin brother would be 60.That is why the “clock paradox”, is sometimes called the “twin paradox”.Of course it takes quite a long while to accelerate to a high speed, and a long while to make a turn and head back again, so conditions aren’t quite as clear-cut as just described.1.The giant, spherical spaceship mentioned in the passage is virtually the planet Earth.2.According to the author, some persons have left the Earth and traveled into outer space within the past 25 years.3.Scientists have already designed special space factories, which manufacture special products and tools for space use, such as medicine and perfect ball bearings.4.According to the information of the passage, we can infer that if the Earth becomes too crowded or no longer suitable for men to dwell on someday, they’ll have to move into space.5.The moon and the asteroids are alike with respect to their rich, valuable metals.6.Ultraviolet light in space places scorches our skin as seriously as itdoes on Earth.7.Even a short trip in outer space may do some damage to one’s brain.1.[Y][N][NG]2.[Y][N][NG]3.[Y][N][NG]4.[Y][N][NG]5.[Y][N][NG]6.[Y][N][NG]7.[Y][N][NG]8.The reason some metal alloys can’t be made on Earth is that the heavier metalstogether with the lighter ones.9.In space, there is no atmosphere to filter out the sun’s energy.Thereis plenty of solar energy to be turned into , for creating comfortable living conditions.10.According to the author, will be caused to a man in gravity free space.Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)SectionADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D], and decide whichis the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.[A]Tennis equipment.[B]Volleyball equipment.[C]Football equipment.[D]Basketball equipment.12.[A]He must meet his teacher.[B]He must attend a class.[C]He must go out with his girlfriend.[D]He must stay at school to finish his homework.13.[A]It’s not as good as it was.[B]It’s better than it used to be.[C]It’s better than people say.[D]It’s even worse than people say.14.[A]Because he doesn’t like football.[B]Because Maria fell ill.[C]Because he didn’t have the time.[D]Because Maria can’t stand football.15.[A]A temporary job.[B]A permanent job.[C]Some money for the vacation.[D]Some money for the university fees.16.[A]The woman did most of the talking.[B]The man did most of the talking.[C]The woman was wearing a black sweater.[D]The man and the woman had dark hair.17.[A]A sunny day.[B]A raincoat.[C]An attractive hut.[D]A lovely hat.18.[A]Librarian and student.[B]Operator and caller.[C]Boss and secretary.[D]Customer and repairman.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.[A]The benefits of strong business competition.[B]A proposal to lower the cost of production.[C]Complaints about the expense of modernization.[D]Suggestions concerning new business strategies.20.[A]It costs much more than its worth.[B]It should be brought up to date.[C]It calls for immediate repairs.[D]It can still be used for a long time.21.[A]The personnel manager should be fired for inefficiency.[B]A few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory.[C]The entire staff should be retrained.[D]Better-educated employees should be promoted.22.[A]Their competitors have long been advertising on TV.[B]TV commercials are less expensive.[C]Advertising in newspapers alone is not sufficient.[D]TV commercials attract more investments.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.[A]Searching for reference material.[B]Watching a film of the 1930s’.[C]Writing a course book.[D]Looking for a job in a movie studio.24.[A]It’s too broad to cope with.[B]It’s a bit outdated.[C]It’s controversial.[D]It’s of little practical value.25.[A]At the end of the online catalogue.[B]At the Reference Desk.[C]In the New York Times.[D]In the Reader’s Guide to Periodical Literature.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D].Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.[A]The liberation movement of British women.[B]Rapid economic development in Britain.[C]Changing attitudes to family life.[D]Reasons for changes in family life in Britain.27.[A]Because millions of men died in the war.[B]Because women had proved their worth.[C]Because women were more skillful than men.[D]Because factories preferred to employ women.28.[A]The concept of “the family” as a social unit.[B]The attitudes to birth control.[C]The attitudes to religion.[D]The ideas of authority and tradition.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.[A]Synthetic fuel.[B]Solar energy.[C]Alcohol.[D]Electricity.30.[A]Air traffic conditions.[B]Traffic jams on highways.[C]Road conditions.[D]New traffic rules.31.[A]Go through a health check.[B]Take little luggage with them.[C]Arrive early for boarding.[D]Undergo security checks.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.[A]Washing plates.[B]Clearing tables.[C]Shining shoes.[D]Sweeping the floor.33.[A]He must work six days a week.[B]He should never be late for work.[C]He must study hard in his spare time.[D]He should not bring his friends to the restaurant.34.[A]To pay him for his work.[B]To let him have 3 meals a day in the restaurant.[C]To give his friends free drinks.[D]To allow him to have more free time.35.[A]Because the boy was not a full time worker.[B]Because the boy had made some mistakes.[C]Because he thought the boy had failed to meet his requirements.[D]Because he thought it was his son who should pay him.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for itsgeneral idea.When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard.For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in themissing information.For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in you own words.Finally, whenthe passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Americans are proud of the (36) achievements made in this country.Medical scientists have found cures and (37) for such diseases as polio and tuberculosis.They have learned a great deal about (38) and heart disease.Many lives have been saved.American hospitals are the most modern and best (39) medical facilities in the world.But this degree of excellence has been expensive.Medical costs in the United States are very high.There is a (40) healthplan for Americans.But there are many programs (41) for this purpose.Many people have health plans at the companies where they work.Under these plans,the company pays a fixed (42) of money regularly into a fund.Then when the (43)needs medical help, he can use money from the fund to pay for it.Other people have health insurance.(44) .In some medical plans, the insurance company is also the medical institution.(45) .Then when they need medical treatment, they go to the hospital without paying more money.(46) .These programs make medical care available to those without their own health insurance.Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)SectionADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.There’s no question that the Earth is getting hotter.The real questions are: How much of the warming is our fault, and are we 47 to slow the devastation by controlling our insatiable 48 for fossil fuels?Global warming can seem too 49 to worry about, or too uncertainsomething projected by the same computer 50 that often can’t get next week’s weather right.On a raw winter day you might think that a few degrees of warming wouldn’t be such a bad thing anyway.And no doubt about it: Warnings about 51 change can sound like an environmentalist scare tactic, meant to force us out of our cars and restrict our lifestyles.Comforting thoughts, perhaps.Unfortunately, however, the Earth has some discomforting news.From Alaska to the snowy peaks of the Andes the world is heating up right now, and fast.Globally, the 52 is up 1°F over the past century, but some of the coldest, most remote spots have warmed much more.The results aren’t pretty.Ice is 53, rivers are running dry, and coasts are 54, threatening communities.The 55 are happening largely out of sight.But they shouldn’t be out of mind, because they are omens of what’s in store for the 56 of the planet.[A]remote[B]techniques[C]consisting[D]rest[E]willing[F]climate[G]skill[H]appetite[I]melting[J]vanishing[K]eroding[L]temperature[M]curiosity[N]changes[O]skillfulSectionBDirections: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D].You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.There are many ways of defining success.It is accurate to say that each of us has our own concept of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining whether we have met these goals satisfactorily.Because each of us possesses unique differences in genetic ability and favorable environments in which to express these abilities, it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly.For some people, simply being able to live their life with a minimum ofmisery and suffering is considered a success.Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep, enjoys his frugal life with his family in the beauty of nature, and who is respected because he does a good job of achieving the goals expected of and accepted by him and his society.On the other hand, it seems that even though some people appear to be rich in material possessions, many of them seem to be miserable and consider themselves unsuccessful when judged by their own goals of success.Because not all ventures can be successful, one should not set unrealistic goals for achieving success, but if one has self-confidence it would be unfortunate to set one’s goals at too low a level of achievement.A wise counselor once said to a young man who was experiencing frustration with his own professional success: “You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon in order to have success in traveling.Sometimes one can be very successful merely by taking a walk in the park, or riding the subway downtown,” The counselor added, “You have not really failed and spoiled your chances for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like, and to which you have given your best effort.”57.In the first paragraph, the author implies that are essential in achieving success .[A]ability and goals[B]goals and determination[C]ability and environment[D]goals and environment58.The word “frugal”(Line.2, Para 2.) means .[A]wealthy[B]wasteful[C]thrifty[D]miserable59.Some rich people consider themselves unsuccessful because .[A]their life is miserable [B]they do not live in peace[C]their goals are too low[D]they are not rich enough by their own standards60.The last paragraph implies that .[A]we should have high goals[B]success means achieving great goals[C]success means taking a walk in the park[D]success means trying one’s best at what one really likes61.This passage mainly talks about .[A]the definition of success[B]how to achieve success[C]how to set goals[D]the importance of goals64.One major difference between the look say method of learning reading and the phonics method is .[A]look-say is simpler[B]phonics takes longer to learn[C]look-say is easier to teach[D]phonics gives readers access to far more words65.The phrase “touch off” (Para 3, Line 1) most probably means .[A]talk about shortly[B]start or cause[C]compare with[D]oppose66.According to the author, which of the following statements is true?[A]Phonics approach regards whole word method as unimportant.[B]The whole word approach emphasizes decoding.[C]In phonics approach, it is necessary and logical to employ decoding.[D]Phonics is superior because it stresses the meaning of words thus the vast majority of most common words can be learned.Part ⅤCloze(15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D]on the right side of the paper.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Methods of studying vary; what works 67 for some students doesn’t work at all for others.The only thing you can do is experiment 68 you find a system that does work for you.But two things are sure: 69 else can do your studying for you, and unless you do find a system that works, you won’t although college.Meantime, there are a few rules that 70 for everybody.The hint is “don’t get 71 ”.The problem of studying, 72 enough to start with, becomes almost 73 when you are trying to do three 74 in one weekend.75 the fastest readers have trouble 76 that.And if you are behind in written work that must be 77, the teacher who accepts it 78 late will probably not give you good credit.Perhaps he may not accept it 79 .Getting behind in one class because you are spending so much time on another is really no 80 .Feeling pretty virtuous about the seven hours you spend on chemistry won’t 81 one bit if thehistory teacher pops a quiz.And many freshmen do get into trouble by spending too much time on one class at the 82 of the others, either because they like one class much better or because they find it so much harder that they think, they should 83 all their time to it.84 the reason, going the whole work for one class and neglecting the rest of them is a mistake, if you face this 85 , begin with the shortest and easiest 86 .Get them out of the way and then go to the more difficult, time consuming work.67.[A]good[B]easily[C]sufficiently[D]well68.[A]until[B]after[C]while[D]so69.[A]somebody[B]nobody[C]everybody[D]anybody70.[A]follow[B]go[C]operate[D]work71.[A]behind[B]after[C]slow[D]later72.[A]hardly[B]unpleasant[C]hard[D]heavy73.[A]improbable[B]necessary[C]impossible[D]inevitable74.[A]week’s work[B]weeks’ works[C]weeks’ work[D]week’ s works75.[A]Even[B]Almost[C]If[D]With76.[A]to do[B]doing[C]at doing[D]with doing77.[A]turned in[B]tuned up[C]turned out[D]given in78.[A]very[B]quite[C]such[D]too79.[A]anyway[B]either[C]at all[D]that80.[A]solution[B]method[C]answer[D]excuse81.[A]help[B]encourage[C]assist[D]improve82.[A]expense[B]pay[C]debt[D]charge83.[A]devote[B]put[C]spend[D]take84.[A]Whichever[B]Whatever[C]However[D]Wherever85.[A]attraction[B]decision[C]temptation[D]dilemma86.[A]arrangements[B]way[C]assignments[D]classPart Ⅵ Translation(5 minutes)Direction: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87.Not only (他向我收费太高), but he didn’t do a good repair job either.88.The murderer (混在人群当中)with an attempt to shoot at the Prime Minister whenever he seized a chance.89.The emergence of e-commerce and the fast growing Internet economy are(为中国的国内外贸易提供了新的增长机遇).90.That Canadian speaks Chinese (和他说英语同样流利).91.Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was(忙着准备) her examination.Key to Model Test ThreePart IWriting【写作思绪】本文规定写一篇针对吸烟问题的议论文。
(完整版)大学英语四级真题及答案(多套题及详解)
大学英语四级真题及答案(多套题及翻译）CET4 Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.题目一：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your campus, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的校园，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目二：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的家乡，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目三：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit China, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观中国，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
大学英语四级考试试题真题精选全文完整版
可编辑修改精选全文完整版大学英语四级考试试题真题试卷一Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what war said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once: After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you maxi read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is, the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This conversation is mostlikely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) “At the office”is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) They went a long way to attend the party.B) They didn’t think much of the food and drinks.C) They knew none of the other guests at the party.D) They enjoyed the party better than the other guests.2. A) To the bookstore.B) To the dentist’s.C) To the market.D) To the post office.3. A) Dr. Andrews has been promoted for his thoroughness.B) She disagrees with Dr. Andrews on many occasions.C) Dr. Andrews used to keep his patients waiting.D) She dislikes Dr. Andrews as much as the new physician.4. A) Tom is usually talkative.B) Tom has a very bad temper.C) Tom has dozens of things to attend to.D) Tom is disliked by his colleagues.5. A) To pickup the woman from the library.B) To make a copy of the schedule for his friend.C) To find out more about the topic for the seminar.D) To get the seminar schedule for the woman.6. A) The woman has to get the textbooks in other ways.B) The woman has sold her used textbooks to the bookstore.C) The man is going to buy his textbooks from a bookstore.D) The man doesn’t want to sell his textbooks to the woman.7. A) Attend a conference.B) Give a speech.C) Meet his lawyer.D) Make a business trip.8. A) Jessie always says what she thinks.B) Jessie seems to have a lot on her mind.C) Jessie is wrong to find fault with her boss.D) Jessie should know the marketing director better.9. A) Helen is talkative.B) Helen is active.C) Helen is sociable.D) Helen is quiet.10.A) Jimmy will regret marrying a Frenchwoman.B) Jimmy is rich enough to buy a big house.C) Jimmy is not serious in making decisions.D) Jimmy’s words are often not reliable.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) It can be used by farmers to protect large buildings.B) It was brought to the northern USA by Asian farmers.C) It has done more harm than good in the southern USA.D) It was introduced into the USA to kill harmful weeds.12. A) People will have to rely on kudzu for a living.B) They will soon be overgrown with kudzu.C) They will become too hard to plough.D) People will find it hard to protect the soil.13. A) The farmers there have brought it under control.B) The factories there have found a good use for it.C) The climate there is unfavorable to its growth.D) The soil there is not so suitable for the plant.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) A business corporation.B) The universe as a whole.C) A society of legal professionals.D) An association of teachers and scholars.15. A) Its largest expansion took place during that period.B) Its role in society went through a dramatic change.C) Small universities combined to form bigger ones.D) Provincial colleges were taken over by larger universities.16. A) Private donations.B) Government funding.C) Grants from corporations.D) Fees paid by students.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) He was wounded in the Spanish civil war.B) He was interested in the study of wild animals.C) He started the organization Heifer International.D) He sold his cows to many countries in the world.18. A) To help starving families to become self-supporting.B) To make plans for the development of poor communities.C) To teach people how to use new skills to raise animals.D) To distribute food to the poor around the world.19. A) They should help other families the way they have been helped.B) They should offer all baby animals to their poor neighbors.C) They should submit a report of their needs and goals.D) They should provide food for the local communities.20. A) It has improved animal breeding skills all over the world.B) It has helped relieve hunger in some developing countries.C) It has promoted international exchange of farming technology.D) It has bridged the gap between the rich and the poor in America.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Passage oneDirections: There are 4 passages in this part, Each passage is followed by some questions at unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on thebest choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Interest in pursuing international careers has soared in recent years, enhanced by chronic (长久的) personnel shortages that are causing companies to search beyond their home borders for talent.Professionals seek career experience outside of their home countries for a variety of reasons. They may feel the need to recharge their batteries with a new challenge. They may want a position with more responsibility that encourages creativity and initiative. Or they may wish to expose their children to another culture, and the opportunity to learn a second language.When applying for a job, one usually has to submit a resume or curriculum vitae (CV). The two terms generally mean the same thing: a one-or two-page document describing one’s educational qualifications and professional experience. However, guidelines for preparing a resume are constantly changing. The best advice is to find out what is appropriate regarding the corporate (公司) culture, the country culture, and the culture of the person making the hiring decision. The challenge will be to embrace two or more cultures in one document. The following list is a good place to start.●“Educational requirements differ from country to country. Inalmost every case of ‘cross-border’job hunting, just stating the title of your degree will not bean adequate description. Provide the reader with details about your studies and any related experience.”●Pay attention to the resume format you use-chronological or reverse-chronological order. Chronological order means listing your ‘oldest’work experience first. Reverse-chronological order means listing your current or most recent experience first. Most countries have preferences about which format is most acceptable. If you find no specific guidelines, the general preference is for the reverse-chronological format.”●If you are submitting your resume in English, find out if the recipient (收件人) uses British English or American English because there are variations between the two versions. For example, university education is often referred to as ‘tertiary education’in the United Kingdom, but this term is almost never used in the United States. A reader who is unfamiliar with these variations may assume that your resume contains errors.21. Companies are hiring more foreign employees because ________.A) they find foreign employees are usually more talentedB) they need original ideas from employees hired overseasC) they want to expand their business beyond home bordersD) they have difficulty finding qualified personnel at home22. The author believes that an individual who applies to work overseas ________.A) is usually creative and full of initiativeB) aims to improve his foreign language skillsC) is dissatisfied with his own life at homeD) seeks either his own or his children’s development23. When it comes to resume writing, it is best to ________.A) take cultural factors into considerationB) learn about the company’s hiring processC) follow appropriate guidelines for job huntingD) know the employer’s personal likes and dislikes24. When writing about qualifications, applicants are advised to ________.A) stress their academic potential to impress the decision makerB) give the title of the university degree they have earned at homeC) provide a detailed description of their study and work experiencesD) highlight their keen interest in pursuing a ‘cross-border’career25. According to the author’s last piece of advice, the applicants should be aware of ________.A) the different educational systems in the US and the UKB) the differences between the varieties of EnglishC) the recipient’s preference with regard to the formatD) the distinctive features of American and British culturesPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Educating girls quite possibly yields a higher rate of return than any other investment available in the developing world. Women’s education may be unusual territory for economists, but enhancing women’s contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue. And economics, with its emphasis on incentives (激励), provides guideposts that point to an explanation for why so many girls are deprived of an education.Parents in low-income countries fail to invest in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family: girls grow up only to marry into somebody else’s family and bear children. Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and art kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school-the prophecy (预言) becomes self-fulfilling, trapping women in a vicious circle (恶性循环) of neglect.An educated mother, on the other hand, has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices.She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can insist on the development of all her children, ensuring that her daughters are given a fair chance. The education of her daughters then makes it much more likely that the next generation of girls, as well as of boys, will be educated and healthy. The vicious circle is thus transformed into a virtuous circle.Few will dispute that educating women has great social benefits. But it has enormous economic advantages as well. Most obviously, there is the direct effect of education on the wages of female workers. Wages rise by 10 to 20 per cent for each additional year of schooling. Such big returns are impressive by the standard of other available investments, but they are just the beginning. Educating women also has a significant impact on health practices, including family planning.26. The author argues that educating girls in developing countries is ________.A) troublesomeB) labor-savingC) rewardingD) expensive27. By saying “... the prophecy becomes self-fulfilling...”(Lines 45, Para. 2). the author means that ________.A) girls will turn out to be less valuable than boysB) girls will be capable of realizing their own dreamsC) girls will eventually find their goals in life beyond reachD) girls will be increasingly discontented with their life at home28. The author believes that a vicious circle can turn into a virtuous circle when ________.A) women care more about educationB) girls can gain equal access to educationC) a family has fewer but healthier childrenD) parents can afford their daughters’education29. What does the author say about women’s education?A) It deserves greater attention than other social issues.B) It is now given top priority in many developing countries.C) It will yield greater returns than other known investments.D) It has aroused the interest of a growing number of economists.30. The passage mainly discusses ________.A) unequal treatment of boys and girls in developing countriesB) the potential earning power of well-educated womenC) the major contributions of educated women to societyD) the economic and social benefits of educating women。
四级英语历年试题及答案
四级英语历年试题及答案一、听力部分1. A) 听对话，选择最佳答案。
A. 去图书馆B. 去电影院C. 去公园D. 去商场[答案] B2. B) 听短文，回答问题。
What is the main topic of the passage?A. 环保的重要性B. 健康饮食C. 工作与生活平衡D. 旅游经历[答案] C二、阅读部分1. 根据文章内容，选择正确答案。
The author suggests that the best way to learn a new language is by _______.A. taking classesB. practicing with native speakersC. reading extensivelyD. watching movies[答案] B2. 根据文章，以下哪个观点是作者支持的？A. Technology has made communication easier.B. Technology has made communication more difficult.C. Technology has no impact on communication.D. Technology has made communication faster.[答案] A三、写作部分1. 根据以下提示，写一篇不少于120字的短文。
提示：描述你最喜欢的季节和原因。
[范文]My favorite season is autumn. The weather is neither too hot nor too cold, making it the perfect time for outdoor activities. Additionally, the leaves turn into various shades of red and yellow, creating a picturesque landscape that is truly enchanting. Autumn is also the harvest season, which brings a sense of fulfillment and joy.四、翻译部分1. 将下列句子从中文翻译成英文。
英语4级试题及答案
英语4级试题及答案一、听力理解（共30分）A. 短对话（每题1分，共7分）1. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Go to the library.B. Stay at home.C. Go to the cinema.2. Why is the man late?A. He got up late.B. He missed the bus.C. He got stuck in traffic.B. 长对话（每题2分，共8分）1. What is the main topic of the conversation?A. A new movie.B. A book review.C. A travel plan.2. What does the woman think of the man's idea?A. She agrees with him.B. She is skeptical.C. She doesn't understand.C. 短文理解（每题2分，共15分）1. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?A. To describe a city.B. To introduce a historical event.C. To persuade readers to visit a place.2. What can be inferred from the passage?A. The city has a rich history.B. The city is famous for its modern architecture.C. The city is a popular tourist destination.二、阅读理解（共40分）A. 快速阅读（每题1分，共10分）Passage 1The text mainly discusses the impact of social media on teenagers. It suggests that while social media can be a platform for communication and learning, excessive use can lead to problems such as cyberbullying and privacy issues.1. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The benefits of social media.B. The dangers of social media.C. The history of social media.2. What is one of the negative effects mentioned in the passage?A. Increased academic performance.B. Decreased face-to-face communication.C. Increased physical activity.B. 仔细阅读（每题2分，共30分）Passage 2The passage explores the concept of work-life balance and its importance in maintaining mental and physical health. It emphasizes the need for individuals to set boundaries and prioritize their well-being.1. What does the author believe is essential for achieving a work-life balance?A. Working longer hours.B. Prioritizing work over personal life.C. Setting clear boundaries between work and personal time.2. What is the potential consequence of not maintaining awork-life balance?A. Increased job satisfaction.B. Improved physical health.C. Increased stress and burnout.三、写作（共30分）Write an essay of about 120 words on the topic "TheImportance of Learning English". You should write clearly and support your ideas with examples.答案一、听力理解A. 短对话1. C2. BB. 长对话1. C2. BC. 短文理解1. B2. A二、阅读理解A. 快速阅读1. C2. BB. 仔细阅读1. C2. C三、写作[此处应为考生自行撰写的英语作文，因此不提供标准答案。
大学英语四级练习试题
大学英语四级练习试题1. 【模拟】We expect students to be able to exhaust the reference ___ in the library.A. selectionsB. collectionsC. sourcesD. origins2.【真题】 Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were ____ deeply.(1999.6)A. appreciatedB. approvedC. appealedD. applied3.【模拟】 I can’t ____ on my studies with all that noise going on.A. absorbB. concernC. involveD. concentrate4.【真题】 It is said that math teacher seems ____ towards bright student.(2000.6)A. partialB. beneficialC. preferableD. liable5.【模拟】 She was ___ to divorce,but she couldn’t tolerate her husband any more.A. willingB. reluctantC. hesitantD. determined答案及解析1. 【解析】答案为Cselection选择;collection收集品;(reference)source(参考) 资料;origin起源,出身。
【译文】我们期望学生们能够对图书馆的参考资料作到物尽其用。
Sourcen.源泉，发源地；来源，出处【联想】source和origin均有“来源”之意。
Source强调事物的来源，出处（the place），如：the source of the news；origin 强调事物的来源（the beginning point），起因，如：the origin of thecustom，origin还表示“出身，血统”2.【解析】答案为Aappreciate赏识，感激，增值；approve赞成，批准，通过；appeal 请求，呼吁，上诉，求助；apply申请，应用。
国家四级英语试题及答案
国家四级英语试题及答案一、听力理解（共20分，每题1分）1. What is the man going to do this evening?A) Go to the cinema.B) Do some shopping.C) Visit his parents.D) Attend a lecture.2. How much is the shirt?A) $15.B) $30.C) $50.D) $75....20. What does the woman mean?A) She is very thirsty.B) She is very tired.C) She is very hungry.D) She is very sleepy.二、阅读理解（共20分，每题2分）Passage OneIn the passage, the author discusses the importance of...21. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The importance of education.B) The importance of health.C) The importance of communication.D) The importance of technology.22. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A) Education is essential for personal growth.B) Health is the most important thing in life.C) Communication can solve many problems.D) Technology can replace human labor....Passage FiveIn the fifth passage, the author talks about...51. What is the main purpose of the author in writing this passage?A) To inform.B) To persuade.C) To entertain.D) To describe.52. What can be inferred from the passage?A) The author is in favor of the new policy.B) The author is against the new policy.C) The author is neutral about the new policy.D) The author has no opinion on the new policy.三、词汇与语法（共20分，每题1分）31. The teacher asked the students to ________ the text andthen answer the questions.A) look upB) look intoC) look throughD) look after32. If you ________ hard, you would have passed the exam.A) studiedB) had studiedC) have studiedD) will study...60. The book was so interesting that he read it ________.A) for three hoursB) in three hoursC) three hours agoD) since three hours四、完形填空（共20分，每题1分）61. The young man was ________ to help the old lady carry the heavy box.A) kind enoughB) enough kindC) kind ofD) kind62. She was ________ to find that her favorite singer would give a concert in her city.A) excitingB) excitedC) excitinglyD) excitedly...80. ________ the heavy rain, we had to cancel the trip.A) Because ofB) In spite ofC) Owing toD) Despite五、翻译（共20分，每题5分）81. 请将以下句子翻译成英文。
大学英语四级试题和答案
大学英语四级试卷ld write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 应试教育现状及其原因;2. 素质教育的优点;3. 你的观点。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Selling Expertise on the Internet for Extra CashTeresa Estes, a licensed mental-health counselor, watched as business at her private practice decreased last year. Then the single mother turned to her keyboard to boost her income.Ms. Estes applied to become an “expert” on LivePerson Inc., a Web sit e where clients pay for online chat time with professionals and advisers of all fields. For $1.89 a minute — a rate she set — the 39-year-old from Marianna, Fla., dispenses advice to clients around the globe. She spends about four hours a day online, often at night, when her daughter has gone to bed.“It was the economy,” she says of her move to take her skills online. “Live Person is more profitable than my private practice.” Ms. Estes had charged her private clients up to $75 an hour.As the recession deepens, a small but growing number of people are taking their skills online, offering expertise or performing specified tasks for a fee. Labor-at-the-keyboard sites are gaining popularity as people increasingly turn to the Web in search of work. Internet job-search sites saw a 51% rise in traffic from January 2008 to January 2009, according to comScore Media Metrix, to 26.7 million unique visitors.Among the many fee-for-service Web sites out there, at least three are attracting a significant number of users —though consumers should exercise a healthy degree of skepticism when consulting any of these sites. Live Person seeks out experts on a slew of topics, including mental health, financial services, shopping and fashion, as well as psychics and spiritual advisers. Mechanical Turk, a Web service run by Inc., pays workers to perform tasks, such as cataloging products online. Associated Content pays contributors to write articles on a wide range of subjects, from organic flower gardening to how to apply for financial aid.Live Person went public in 2001, and the current version of the site was launched in late 2007. Today, the site has 30,000 registered experts, attracting an average of 100,000 people a year who pay for the offered services, says Chief Executive Officer Robert LoCascio. Roughly 3,500 people have made contributing to the site their full-time job, he says.Live Person says it vets contributors’ qualifications, such as medical licenses or financial certification, through a third party, and relies heavily on its community reviews. Some 200 people a day apply to be Live Person experts, up from 120 a year ago, says Mr. LoCascio. Once cleared, advisers work with clients on a cost-per-minute basis set by the adviser. The site takes a commission of between 30% and 35%.Associated Content, by contrast, reviews submissions in house and then decides how much to pay for them. The site, which specializes in how-to pieces and feature stories on news topics, had 237,000 registered contributors and more than one million content pieces as of February, bothabout double from the same month a year ago.After posting the content, the site sells advertisements against it and distributes it to other companies, such as online shoe retailer Zappos, which use the content on their own Web sites. If Associated Content accepts a submission (it says it rejects about 25% of them), the author gets between $5 and $30, plus $1.50 for each 1,000 page views. An ability to write “search-engine-optimized” co ntent, an industry term for generating good Google results, helps, says site founder Luke Beatty.People are not only looking for payment but also establishing their credentials “as somebody with experience”, he says. Writing about a specific profession, such as law or real estate, helps raise a person’s profile online, enhancing his job searches, says Mr. Beatty.Sabah Karimi, a 26-year-old from Orlando, Fla., left a career in marketing to become a full-time freelance writer and now spends between 8 and 10 hours a week writing for Associated Content. She has been at it for about three years and says she earns roughly $1,000 a month from her past and current submissions.Ms. Karimi cautions newcomers to Associated Content that it takes time to build up earnings. She says she learned how to write articles that would bring traffic and often looks for newsy ideas that will attract readers.Mechanical Turk, by contrast, is based on “crowd sourcing”, or breaking a task into lots of tiny pieces and giving it to a big group of people to complete quickly. Most of these jobs — which the site calls HITs, for human intelligence tasks — pay just a few cents. Efficient MTurkers, as they call themselves, can make more than $100 a week doing things such as finding someone’s email address or labeling images of a particular animal in a photograph.Amazon says that MTurk now has 200,000 workers from 100 different countries, but it doesn’t keep track of past figures.The site — named for an 18th-century stunt involving a turbaned chess-playing “machine” with an actual chess master hidden within — began as a way to help Amazon manage its product database, says Sharon Chiarella, vice president of Amazon Mechanical Turk. Amazon uses the site to help sort images and content, paying people a few cents a task. Mechanical Turk also serves a variety of companies who need Web tasks performed, especially those that require a human element. Test-prep startup Knewton Inc., for example, uses it extensively for focus-group-type tasks, as well as enlisting people to take its practice tests.Keri Knutson, a mother of five from Independence, La., discovered Mechanical Turk when her eldest son was headed for college. Ms. Knutson, now 45, needed money for his tuition and fees. She took on all kinds of low-paying but easy tasks at the beginning, from finding a place to purchase a specific item to identifying the name of a street in a photograph.People looking to make money online as fee-for-service experts should read the fine print. Live Person has one of the more formal payment systems, requiring users to sign up for an account before talking with an expert. Some sites, including Associated Content and Mechanical Turk, reserve the right to refuse payment if a task is not completed satisfactorily.Most sites have a robust community of workers who regularly offer one another tips on which tasks pay the best. Mechanical Turk users have an independent site called Turker Nation (), which reviews the companies that solicit (索求) and pay for tasks so that workers can check a company’s record before taking on a task.Consumers who use these sites also need to exercise caution. Relying on legal or medicaladvice from an unknown online source has obvious drawbacks, and the Web sites acknowledge that some users have registered complaints about the advice offered on the sites. LivePerson warns consumers to offer their financial and personal details with care.For the workers on these sites, even incremental sources of income are helpful these days. Ms. Knutson now spends the majority of her time transcribing Web audio and video for clients, earning about $250 a week for 30 hours of work. She says she has seen more competition lately but is determined to keep up her weekly pace.“If I didn’t have this money,” she says, “we’d be struggling to find what to eat every week.”1. What is the passage mainly talking about?A) The economic recession will last a few years.B) More people are taking their skills online to make money.C) Asking for advice through the Internet is a good way to solve your problems.D) People shouldn’t release their financial and personal details online.2. Live Person Inc. is a Web site where ___________.A) people chat with each other and make friends freelyB) professionals and advisers help others for freeC) people pay money for applying to become an expertD) clients pay for online chat time with professionals and advisers3. Why are labor-at-the-keyboard sites gaining popularity?A) Because people love to work on the Internet.B) Because more people are finding jobs on the Internet.C) Because people are being asked to work on the Internet.D) Because working on the Internet is easier than other ways of working.4. How much will an expert get through Live Person if a client pays $10?A) $3 to $3.5. B) $10. C) $6.5 to $7. D) $5.5. Mechanical Turk originated as a method to _________.A) label images of a particular animal in a photographB) serve a variety of companies who need Web tasks performedC) help Amazon manage its product databaseD) find someone’s email address6. What does Turker Nation do?A) It reserves the right to refuse payment if a task is not completed satisfactorily.B) It relies on legal or medical advice from an unknown online source.C) It registers complaints about the advice offered on the site.D) It reviews the companies that solicit and pay for tasks.7. What does Ms. Knutson spend the majority of her time doing?A) Finding a place to purchase a specific item.B) Identifying the name of a street in a photograph.C) Transcribing Web audio and video for clients.D) Struggling to find what to eat every week.8. Associated Content pays contributors to write articles on a wide range of subjects, from organic flower gardening to how to ______________.9. Live Person says it vets contributors’ qualifications through a third party, and relies heavily on its _______.10. Amazon says that MTurk now has 200,000 workers from ______________.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)■Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.11. A) It will be better to say nothing to Paul.B) Paul himself will come to talk to them.C) The man should be the one to speak to Paul.D) The man should replace the radio before she talks to Paul.12. A) Not give any suggestions to Jack.B) Not see Jack any more.C) Not listen to Jack’s words.D) Not save his words on Jack.13. A) They should give up talking.B) They should both make a compromise.C) They can meet next time.D) They are both halfway.14. A) He likes rings very much.B) He often burns holes in his new coats.C) He’s very extravagant with money.D) He is very poor.15. A) She missed the bus.B) She caught the bus.C) She got up five minutes earlier than usual.D) She likes getting up early in the morning.16. A) In the library.B) In the college bookstore.C) At a news-stand.D) At a department store.17. A) Teacher and student.B) Doctor and patient.C) Manager and office worker.D) Travel agent and customer.18. A) Move the washing machine to the basement.B) Turn the basement into a workshop.C) Repair the washing machine.D) Finish her assignment.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) She will go to see her brother.B) She will go to Hawaii with her family.C) She will stay at home with her family.D) She will find a part-time job.20. A) Very exciting. B) Too bad.C) Very boring. D) Not too bad.21. A) A new bicycle. B) A new dictionary.C) A new computer. D) A new cellphone.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) She has a good chance to study abroad but she doesn’t have enough money.B) Her parents don’t want her to go too far away from them.C) She won’t have as many vacations as she has as a student.D) She wants to study abroad but she has been offered a good job.23. A) It is not as good as studying abroad.B) He thinks being a teacher is boring.C) It is a good opportunity.D) He thinks the salary for the job is too low.24. A) Asking her friends for advice.B) Making the choice by herself.C) Asking her parents for advice.D) Asking her teachers for advice.25. A) Choose to be an English teacher.B) Give up both opportunities.C) Study overseas.D) Teach English for a few years before going abroad.■Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) About 40%. B) About 46%. C) About 80%. D) About 54%.27. A) People in South Korea are no longer interested in Hollywood movies.B) It is much cheaper to see a local movie than a Hollywood one.C) Hollywood’s films are not as good as before.D) South Korea’s film industry has developed a lot.28. A) They are releasing the movies first in America and then in other countries.B) They are releasing the movies in America and other countries at the same time.C) They send people who sell illegally copied movies to court.D) They encourage people to buy legal DVDs by giving a high discount.29. A) Many people believe that DVDs are not of good quality.B) People are more likely to get movies from the Internet.C) Some people think that DVDs are very expensive.D) People like watching TV better than watching DVDs.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) Once. B) Twice.C) Three times. D) Four times.31. A) He was the president with the longest presidency.B) He led the American people through the Great Depression.C) He led the American people through the First World War.D) He was the most influential president in American history.32. A) On April 12, 1944. B) On April 12, 1945.C) On July 12, 1944. D) On July 12, 1945.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) Cooking food. B) Boiling water.C) Killing bacteria. D) Generating electricity.34. A) The parabolic cooker. B) The panel cooker.C) The box cooker. D) It’s not mentioned.35. A) Solar CookersB) How to Use Solar OvensC) How to Cook MealsD) How to Choose Solar Ovens■Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Some people’s ears produce wax like busy little bees. This can be a problem even though earwax appears to serve an important purpose. Experts say it protects and cleans the ear. It (36)_______ dirt and other matter and keeps (37)_______ out. Doctors think it might also help protect against (38)_______. And the waxy oil keeps ears from getting too dry. So earwax is good. It even has a medical name: cerumen. There are two kinds of cerumen. Most people of (39)_______ or African ancestry have the “wet” kind: thick and (40)_______. East Asians commonly have “dry” earwax.But you can have too much of a good thing. The glands in the ear canal that produce the wax make too much in some people. Earwax is normally (41)_______; it falls out of the ear or gets washed away. But extra wax can (42)_______ and form a blockage that (43)_______ with sound waves and reduces hearing. (44)____________________________________________. Earwax removal is sometimes necessary. But you have to use a safe method or you could do a lot of damage.Experts suggest some ways to treat excessive earwax yourself. (45)_________________________. Another way to remove wax is known as irrigation. With the head upright, take hold of the outer part of the ear. Gently pull upward to straighten the ear canal. (46)__________________ ____________________________. Then turn the head to the side to let the water out.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)■ Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Rock and roll is a genre of popular music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its 47 lie mainly in blues, rhythm and blues, country, folk, gospel, and jazz. The style subsequently spread to the rest of the world and developed further, leading ultimately to 48 rock music.The term “rock and roll” now covers at least two different meanings, both in common usage. The American Heritage Dictionary and the Merriam-Webster Dictionary both 49 rock and roll as synonymous with rock music.50 , defines the term as referring specifically to the music of the 1950s.Classic rock and roll is 51 played with one or two electric guitars, a string bass or an electric bass guitar, and a drum kit. In the 52 rock and roll styles of the late 1940s, either the piano or saxophone was often the lead instrument, but these were generally 53 or supplemented by the guitar in the middle to late 1950s.The massive popularity and eventual worldwide view of rock and roll gave it a 54 social impact. Far beyond simply a musical style, rock and roll, as seen in movies and in the new medium of television, 55 lifestyles, fashion, attitudes, and language. It went on to spawn various sub-genres, often without the initially 56 backbeat, that are now more commonly called simply “rock music” or “rock”.A) define I) followedB) characteristic J) modernC) unique K) explanationD) roots L) ConverselyE) usually M) replacedF) Basically N) prepareG) earliest O) seldomH) influenced■Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.According to a report, around 30,000 pupils started secondary school last year with the math skills of a seven-year-old. MPs (国会议员) warned that many young people would need “expensive” remedial lessons in later life to get a job — posing major problems for the economy. The findings came just months after Ofsted(教育标准办公室)claimed almost half of math lessonsin English schools were not good enough. It said many teachers relied on textbooks and mundane exercises to make sure pupils passed exams at the expense of a proper understanding of the subject. MPs backed the conclusions, saying too many pupils found lessons “boring”. They insisted improvements had been made under Labor but achievement had “leveled off” in recent years.In 2008, 79 percent of pupils met the Government’s expected standard at the end of primary school, well short of the 85 percent target set for 2006. Around five percent moved to secondary school with the math skills of a seven- year-old, said the committee. In 2006, ￡2.3 billion was spent teaching the subject. It equates to around a quarter of the ￡10 billion total budget for primary teaching and support staff.The report said the Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF) needed to “radically rethink its strategy for improving pup il attainment; otherwise we seriously doubt that the department will meet its 2011 target”. The target demands that 84.5 percent of pupils will make the necessary progress between 7 and 11.Last year, the DCSF published a major review of math education in England to boost standards. It called for a math specialist in every primary school within 10 years and more emphasis on mathematical “play” in nursery schools. Mr. Leigh said, “The department’s 10-year program to train 13,000 specialist math teachers will not benefit some primary schools for another decade. That’s far too long; the department needs to look for ways to accelerate the program.” Sarah McCarthy Fry, the Schools Minister, said, “We have already accepted the main recommendation from a recent independent review of primary math that every school should have a specialist math teacher and have pledged ￡24 million over the next three years for a training program for teachers.”Nick Gibb, the Tory shadow schools secretary, said, “The Government i s not getting value for the money they have piled into education and the country is falling behind in international league tables as a result. The Government has failed to replace methods of teaching which have failed with tried and tested methods used in countries that have much higher levels of math achievement.”57. What do we learn from the first paragraph?A) 30,000 pupils started secondary school with poor math skills.B) MPs insist more improvements should be made under Labor.C) Young people need medical lessons to get a job.D) Half of English schools were not good enough.58. According to the passage, what happened in 2006?A) 21% of pupils didn’t meet the Government’s expected standard.B) The target set for 2006 was 87 percent.C) ￡2.3 billion was spent on math teaching.D) The total budget for primary teaching and support staff was ￡5 billion in 2006.59. What will people probably do to improve math education in England?A) Spend money on training specialist math teachers.B) Hire a math specialist for every primary school.C) Allow pupils to have more mathematical “play”.D) Spend more time on math education.60. What do Nick Gibb’s words mean?A) The British government should put more money into math education.B) Britain is falling behind in the international knowledge competition.C) The British government should learn from other countries’ failures.D) The British government should change their teaching methods every few years.61. W hat’s the passage mainly talking about?A) There aren’t enough math teachers in British primary schools.B) The British government didn’t spend enough money on math education.C) British pupils are not good at math.D) Math lessons in British primary schools need to be improved.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Bananas, always the fashion victims of the produce section, are wearing another new label this spring. Bananas with “Fair Trade Certified” stick ers have been available in the United States since October. They represent the new front of an international effort to help first-world consumers improve the living standards of the third-world farmers who grow much of their food.By expanding its reach to the produce section, Fair Trade is now trying to reach the American supermarket shopper. Fair Trade deals directly with farmer cooperatives. It helps organize, avoiding brokers (代理人) and middlemen. It guarantees higher prices for the farmers’ goods and helps them set up schools and health clinics.The Fair Trade movement took root in Europe in the 1990’s as a way of bolstering coffee farmers as prices were collapsing. Since Fair Trade began, more than a million coffee growers and other farmers have joined cooperatives that sell their products through Fair Trade channels instead of directly to a commercial producer.Not everyone is greeting the Fair Trade label with open arms. Several American coffee importers recently pulled out of Fair Trade, citi ng TransFair’s “corporate friendly” policies that allow large companies to use the Fair Trade logo in their marketing even if only a small amount of the company’s overall purchases are Fair Trade certified.Edmund LaMacchia, the national produce coordinator for Whole Foods, said Fair Trade is only one of many consumer choices. “Whole Foods has its own team of inspectors and has no plans to carry Fair Trade products”, Mr. LaMacchia said. “Our standards are higher than Fair Trade’s, actually.” Fair Trade i s only one of several labels your bananas might be wearing this year. Another is that of the Rainforest Alliance, which certifies the use of sustainable agriculture methods.So far, though, Fair Trade is the biggest. A Fair Trade label by itself does not guarantee an organic product, but most Fair Trade bananas are also organic, Ms. Bourque said, because pesticides are usually too costly for the small farmers who grow them. If the bananas are organic, they will be labeled as such, and will probably be wearing a sticker to prove it.62. Why are bananas wearing “Fair Trade Certified” stickers?A) It means bananas are the fashion victims of the produce section.B) It means bananas have got a new label.C) It means bananas with these stickers are available in the United States.D) It represents an international effort to help the third-world farmers.63. What does Fair Trade do?A) It helps farmers sell their products for a higher profit.B) It appoints brokers and middlemen to deal with farmer cooperatives.C) It brings down the price of farmers’ goods.D) It sets up schools and health clinics for American farmers.64. What was the original purpose of the Fair Trade movement?A) To cooperate with coffee growers and other farmers.B) To help coffee farmers as prices were collapsing.C) To prevent farmers from selling their products to commercial producers.D) To sell products through coffee growers and other farmers.65. What can we infer from this passage?A) American coffee importers will never buy their products through Fair Trade channels.B) Fair Trade is the only label that bananas might be wearing this year.C) Not every consumer considers Fair Trade products the only choice.D) Whole Foods and the Rainforest Alliance are more influential than Fair Trade.66. What is the best title for this passage?A) Helping the Third World: One Banana at a TimeB) Consumers Face More ChoicesC) Fair Trade — the Best StickerD) The Fair Trade MovementPart V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Everyone knows hand washing is important. But a new study shows how washing your hands 67 , and at the right time, can have a big impact on your family’s risk of getting sick.Most studies on hand washing focus on 68 and food service workers. But this month’s American Journal of Infection Control focuses on washing hands at 69 as a way to stop infections from 70 . Several studies show hands are the single most important 71 route for all types of infections.Even though most people know to wash their hands after using the toilet or handling a diaper (尿布), studies 72 many people are still ending up with germs on their hands.One study looked in homes of 73 recently vaccinated against polio (脊髓灰质炎). After vaccination, the virus is74 to be shed in the baby’s feces (粪便). Researchers found the virus on 13 percent of bathroom, living room and kitchen surfaces. 75 the virus from the vaccine didn’t pose a health risk, feces-borne viruses can 76 through the home.Doorknobs and toilet flush handles are key 77 of germ transmission in the home. That’s why people should focus on cleaning such surfaces 78 and always wash their hands after touching them. In one study, a 79 touched a door handle contaminated with a virus. He then shook hands 80 other volunteers, and spread the virus to six people.The study authors note that the timing of hand washing is key. It’s 81 to wash hands after using the toilet, before eating or handling food. Other crucial times for hand washing are after 82 a diaper or cleaning up after a pet, or after touching garbage cans, dish rags and utensils that may have come 83 contact with raw food.While it may be hard to 84 that something as simple as regular hand washing can make a。
四级英语试题原题及答案
四级英语试题原题及答案一、听力理解（共25分）1. A) 根据所听内容，选择正确的图片或问题。
A. 图片1B. 图片2C. 图片3D. 图片4[录音内容][问题][答案] A2. B) 根据对话或独白，回答以下问题。
A. 男/女B. 地点C. 时间D. 原因[录音内容][问题] 男/女在什么地点做了什么？[答案] B. 图书馆3. C) 根据短文，完成以下句子。
A. 主题句B. 细节句C. 结论句[录音内容][问题] 短文的主题是什么？[答案] A. 环境保护二、阅读理解（共45分）1. 快速阅读[文章] [问题] 根据文章内容，选择正确的答案。
[答案] A. T B. F C. NG2. 仔细阅读A. 选择题[问题] 根据文章内容，选择最佳答案。
[答案] A. 正确 B. 错误B. 填空题[问题] 根据文章内容，填入合适的词汇或短语。
[答案] 1. innovation 2. sustainable3. 阅读理解综合题[问题] 根据文章内容，回答问题。
[答案] 1. 观点一：... 2. 观点二：...三、写作（共15分）1. 图表作文[图表] [问题] 描述图表并给出你的观点。
[答案示例] The chart illustrates that...2. 议论文写作[问题] 论述某一现象或问题，并给出你的看法。
[答案示例] With the development of technology...四、翻译（共15分）1. 中译英[中文句子] 请将以下句子翻译成英文。
[答案] The sentence should be translated into English.2. 英译中[英文句子] 请将以下句子翻译成中文。
[答案] The sentence should be translated into Chinese.五、词汇和语法（共20分）1. 词汇题[问题] 根据句子意思，填入合适的单词。
大学英语四级真题及答案
2016年6月英语四级考试真题及答案Part I Writing （30 minutes）Directions： For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty。
You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words。
Part III Reading Comprehension （40 minutes）Section ADirections： In this section， there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.Physical activity does the body good，and there’s growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise， whether at school or on their own，26 to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a 27of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic 28 ， investigators found that the more children moved， the better their grades were in school，29 in the basic subjects of math， English and reading.The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to 30 on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in the . 31 in recent years， some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show，exercise and academics may not be 32exclusive. Physical activity can improve blood 33 to the brain， fueling memory，attention and creativity，which are 34to learning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve 35 and relieve stress， which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when they’re running around，they may actually be exercising their brains as well.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答. A）attendanceB）consequentlyC）currentD）depressingE）droppingF）essentialG）feasibleH）flowI）moodJ）mutuallyK）particularlyL）performanceM）reviewN）surviveO）tendSection BDirections： In this section， you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Finding the Right Home—and Contentment， Too[A] When your elderly relative needs to enter some sort of long-term care facility—a moment few parents or children approach without fear—what you would like is to have everything made clear.[B] Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home， or has the industry simply hired better interior designers？ Are nursing homes as bad as people fear， or is that an out-moded stereotype （固定看法）？Can doing one’s homework really steer families to the best places？ It is genuinely hard to know.[C] I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed. And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who are going to move in. I am not talking about the quality of care， let me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record. But an accumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little real bearing on how well residents do.[D] The most recent of these studies， published in The journal of Applied Gerontology， surveyed 150 Connecticut residents of assisted living， nursing homes and smaller residential care homes （known in some states as board and care homes or adult care homes）. Researchers from the University of Connecticut Health Center asked the residents a large number of questions about their quality of life， emotional well-being and social interaction， as well as about the quality of the facilities.[E] “We thought we would see differences based on the housing types，” said the lead author of the study， Julie Robison， an associate professor of medicine at the university. A reasonableassumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffe r real guilt if they can’t？[F] In the initial results， assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. They were less likely to report symptoms of depression than those in the other facilities， for instance，and less likely to be bored or lonely. They scored higher on social interaction.[G] But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables， such differences disappeared. It is not the housing type，they found，that creates differences in residents’ responses. “It is the characteristics of the specific environment they are in， combined with their own personal characteristics—how healthy they feel they are， their age and marital status，” Dr. Robison explained. Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.[H] An elderly person who describes herself as in poor health，therefore， might be no less depressed in assisted living （even if her children preferred it） than in a nursing home. A person who bad input into where he would move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well in a nursing home as in a small residential care home， other factors being equal. It is an interaction between theperson and the place， not the sort of place in itself， that leads t o better or worse experiences. “You can’t just say，‘Let’s put this person in a residential care home instead of a nursing home—she will be much better off，” Dr. Robison said. What matters，she added，“is a combination of what people bring in with them，an d what they find there.”[I] Such findings， which run counter to common sense， have surfaced before. In a multi-state study of assisted living， for instance， University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variables—the facility’s type， size or age； whether a chain owned it；how attractive the neighborhood was—had no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness， mental decline， hospitalizations or mortality. What mattered most was the residents’ physical health and mental status. What people were like when they came in had greater consequence than what happened one they were there.[J] As I was considering all this， a press release from a respected research firm crossed my desk，announcing that the five-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are. As amatter of fact， consumers expressed higher satisfaction with the one-star facilities， the lowest rated， than with the five-star ones. （More on this study and the star ratings will appear in a subsequent post.）[K] Before we collectively tear our hair out—how are we supposed to find our way in a landscape this confusing？—here is a thought from Dr. Philip Sloane， a geriatrician（老年病学专家）at the University of North Carolina：“In a way， that could be liberating for families.”[L] Of course， sons and daughters want to visit the facilities，talk to the administrators and residents and other families， and do everything possible to fulfill their duties. But perhaps they don’t have to turn themselves into private investigators or Congressional subcommittees. “Families can look a bit more for where the residents are going to be happy，” Dr. S loane said. And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.[M] We all have our own ideas about what would bring our parents happiness. They have their ideas， too. A friend recently took her mother to visit an expensive assisted living/nursing home near my town. I have seen this place—it is elegant， inside and out. But nobody greeted the daughter and mother when they arrived， thoughthe visit had been planned； nobody introduced them to the other residents. When they had lunch in the dining room， they sat alone at a table.[N] The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there， and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research， that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.36. Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.it helps for children to investigate care facilities，involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.resident’s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.Section CDirections： There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A），B），C） and D）. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage oneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.As Artificial Intelligence（AI）becomes increasingly sophisticated， there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided， according to computer science professor Stuart Russell， if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks，it’s necessary to translate our morals into AI language.For example， if a robot does chores around the house， you would n’t want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values，” said Russell.Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example， mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences，but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space，you wouldn’t think that’s the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines，if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to so sufficient testing and they’ve produced a system that will break some kind of taboo（禁忌）.One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave， it has the opportunity to stop， send out beeps（嘟嘟声）， and ask for direc tions from a human. If we humans aren’t quite sure about a decision， we go and ask somebody else.The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral， and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer， robots could be good for humanity.does the author say about the threat of robots？A）It may constitute a challenge to computer progranmers.B）It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.C）It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.D）It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated.would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author？A）They are aggressive.B）They are outgoing.C）They are ignorant.D）They are ill-bred.do robots learn human values？A）By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.B）By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.C）By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.D）By imitating the behavior of property brought-up human beings.will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation？A）keep a distance from possible dangers.B）Stop to seek advice from a human being.C）Trigger its built-in alarm system at once.D）Do sufficient testing before taking action.is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code？A）Determine what is moral and ethical.B）Design some large-scale experiments.C）Set rules for man-machine interaction.D）Develop a more sophisticated program.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Why do some people live to be older than others？ You know the standard explanations：keeping a moderate diet，engaging in regular exercise， etc. But what effect does your personality haveon your longevity（长寿）？Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives？ A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing，more active and less neurotic （神经质的） than other people. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory： those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.Interestingly， however， other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined，for instance， were no more likely to live to be very old. Also，being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life， which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the newpaper suggests that if you want long life， you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.Unfortunately，another recent study shows that your mother’s personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28，000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious， depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we’re adults， which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.Personality isn’t destiny（命运）， and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn’t just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.51. The aim of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is____.A）to see whether people’s personality affects their life span B）to find out if one’s lifestyle has any effect on their health C）to investigate the role of exercise in living a long life D）to examine all the factors contributing to longevity52. What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people？A）They have a good understanding of evolution.B）They are better at negotiating an agreement.C）They generally appear more resourceful.D）They are more likely to get over hardship.53. What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation？A）Easy-going people can also live a relatively long life.B）Personality characteristics that prove advantageous actually vary with times.C）Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.D）Readiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity.54. What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show？A）Children’s personality characteristics are invariably determined by their mothers.B）People with unhealthy eating habits are likely to die sooner.C）Mothers’ influence on children may last longer than fathers’.D）Mothers’ negative personality characteristics may affect the ir children’s life spans.can we learn from the findings of the two new studies？A）Anxiety and depression more often than not cut short one’s life span.B）Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.C）Personality plays a decisive role in how healthy one is.D）Health is in large part related to one’s lifestyle.Part IV Translation （30 minutes）Directions： For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 2.功夫（Kong Fu）是中国武术（martial arts）的俗称.中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要，狩猎活动以及古代中国的军士训练.它是中国传统体育运动的一种，年轻人和老年人都练.它已逐渐演变成了中国文化的独特元素.作为中国的国宝，武术有上百种不同的风格，是世界上练得最多的武术形式.有些风格模仿了动物的动作，还有一些则受到了中国哲学思想，神话和传说的启发四级写作：第一版For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.第一段: 写出写信目的. (表达感谢)第二段: 阐述感谢的原因.第三段:再次表达感谢,并可表述希望有机会可以给对方回报.Dear Mary,I would like to take this opportunity to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your help when I was in difficulty. You have been very kind and helpful since we knew each other.Last week, I caught a bad cold and had to stay at home for a week. When I was worrying about the lessons, you came to my home after school and helped me with every subject. With your help, I didn’t fall behind others.Again, thanks so much for your enthusiastic help. Even though you are to about to go abroad for further education I know that I will always stay in touch with you. I wish you every success in the future and I hope we can exchange more viewpoints on study.Please keep in touch, and drop in and visit us whenever you are in this part of the world.Very sincerelyPeter第二版For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your school teachers upon entering college. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.第一段: 写出写信目的. (表达感谢)第二段: 阐述感谢的原因.第三段:再次表达感谢,并可表述希望有机会可以给对方回报.Dear sir,I am writing to you to express my thanks for your help in learning English. You are one of the best teachers who I have ever met .There are many good points that I learn from you.During these days in your class, I have acquired much knowledge from you and it really helps me a lot. Firstly, you let me know what the west thinking pattern is —straight thinking pattern. As an English learner, it is important for me to understand the difference between them. There is no denying the fact that this can help me with my examination and interaction with foreigners. What’s more, I’m glad to be your student, and I am very happy to learn the course under your guidance. English is an important tool, through whichwe can share our experience with the world. I treasure the chance of learning English, and I enjoy the happiness from your course.The last not the least, please forgive those mistakes I have made which may upset you. What I have learned from you will help me pass the coming examinations and also be useful for my further education in abroad. It is not only a progress of learning, but also a cultivation of my ability.May everything go well around you.Your student,Li ling第三版For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to your parents or any family members upon making memorable achievement. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.第一段: 写出写信目的. (表达感谢)第二段: 阐述感谢的原因.第三段:再次表达感谢,并可表述希望有机会可以给对方回报.Dear parents,This letter is to tell you my true feelings from the bottom of my heart. Although we can keep in virtual touch every day, I still feel it not enough to let you know how much I love you and how much I’ve appreciated what you’ve done for me.In the past 20 years, you have done a lot for me. Firstly, thank you so much for bringing me up. I know how hard you've being working in the past. I can imagine how many difficulties and obstacles you've conquered. Second, I want to thank you for your good education on me. There is an old saying goes like this “parents are the first teachers to their children”. Both of you are the typical ones. The most important thing that I want to say “thank you” is for your great admiration on my own freedom. You told me to look over the horizons and to pursuit my own dreams without hesitation.I really feel that my pen fails me when I am writing this thank you letter. The only thing I hope you can do for me is to take good care of yourselves and you will be always proud of me.Yours belovedSon四级翻译（功夫）：功夫（Kung Fu）是中国武术（martial arts）的俗称.中国武术的起源可以追溯自卫的需要,狩猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练，它是中国传统体育运动的一种.年轻人，老年人都练，它已逐渐演变成了中国文化的独特元素，作为中国的国宝，功夫有上百种的风格，是世界上练得最多的艺术形式，有些风格模仿了动物的动作.还有一些则受到中国哲学思想，神话和传说的启发.Kung Fu is the folk name of Chinese martial arts, which dates back to the need of self-defense, hunting, and military drill in ancient China. It is one of China’s traditional sports, and all people, old and young, would participate in. It has gradually evolved into a unique element of the Chinese culture. As a national treasure of China, it has hundreds of styles. Meanwhile, it is also the most practiced art form in the world. Some styles imitate the movements of animals, while others are inspired by Chinese philosophy, myth and legend.四级翻译（木匠）：在山东省潍坊市，风筝不仅仅是玩具，而且还是这座城市文化的标志.潍坊以“风筝之都”而闻名，已有将近2400年放飞风筝的历史.传说中国古代哲学家墨子用了三年时间在潍坊制作了世界上首个风筝，但放飞的第一天风筝就坠落并摔坏了，也有人相信风筝是中国古代木匠鲁班发明的.据说他的风筝用木头和竹子制作，飞了三天后才落地.In Weifang, Shandong, kites are not only for entertainment. It also symbolizes the culture of the city. Weifang is known as the “capital of kites” with a history of nearly 2,400 years in flying kites. It is said that the ancient Chinese philosopher Motze took three years to make the first kite right in Weifang. It fell and broke, however, on its first day of flying. Some also belives that it was the carpenter LuBan that fist invented the kite. It’s said that his kite was made of wood and bamboo and it landed after three days’ flying.四级翻译（乌镇）乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔.这是一处迷人的地方，有许多古桥、中式旅店和餐馆.在过去一千年里，乌镇的水系和生活方式并未经历多少变化，是一座展现古文明的博物馆.乌镇所有房屋都用石木建造.数百年来，当地人沿着河边建起了住宅和集市.无数宽敞美丽的庭院藏身于屋舍之间，游客们每到一处都会有惊喜的发现.Wuzhen, an ancient water town of Zhejiang province, is located near the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. It is a charming place. Many ancient bridges, Chinese style hotels and restaurants dwell there.In the past one thousand years, the water system and the way of life there haven't changed much, so it is a museum of ancient civilizations. All rooms in Wuzhen are made of stone and wood. Over hundreds of years, the locals have built houses and markets along the riverbank. Numerous spacious and pretty courtyards hide in those houses, serving as surprises and waiting to be found by the tourists.四级阅读选词填空26. 正确选项 O tend27. 正确选项 M review28. 正确选项 L performance29. 正确选项 K particularly30. 正确选项 N survive31. 正确选项 E dropping32. 正确选项 J mutually33. 正确选项 H flow34. 正确选项 F essential35. 正确选项 I mood段落匹配36. 正确选项 E37. 正确选项 L38. 正确选项 B39. 正确选项 H40. 正确选项 N41. 正确选项 J42. 正确选项 F43. 正确选项 C44. 正确选项 I45. 正确选项 G仔细阅读Passage one46. 正确选项C. It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.47. 正确选项 D. They are ill-bred.48. 正确选项 C. By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.49. 正确选项 D. Do sufficient testing before taking action.50. 正确选项 A. Determine what is moral and ethical.Passage Two51. 正确选项 A. to see whether people’s personality affects their life span52. 正确选项 D. They are more likely to get over hardship.53. 正确选项 C. Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.54. 正确选项 D. Mothers’ negative personality characteristics may affect their children’s life spans..55. 正确选项 B. Longevity results form a combination of mental and physical health.听力部分1. C) Rising unemployment worldwide.2. C) Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis.3. B) Put calorie information on the menu.4. A) They will be fined.5. D) Failure to integrate innovation into their business.6. B) It is the creation of something new.7. C) Its innovation culture.12. A) He wants to change his job assignment.13. A) His workload was much too heavy.14. C) His boss has a lot of trust in him.15. D) Talk to his boss in person first.16 A) The importance of sleep to a healthy life17 C) They get less and less sleep18 D) Their blood pressure will rise19. B) What course you are going to choose20. D) The personal statement21. C） Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject22 B) It was built in the late 19th century.23 D) They often broke down.24 A) They were produced on the assembly line.25 C) It marked a new era in motor travel.。
大学英语四级真题试卷及答案
大学英语四级真题试卷及答案文件排版存档编号：[UYTR-OUPT28-KBNTL98-UYNN208]Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer fromthe four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A)The International Labor Organization’s key objective.B)The basic social protection for the most vulnerable.C)Rising unemployment worldwide.D)Global economic recovery.2. A)Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs.B)Few countries know how to address the current economic crisis.C)Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis.D)Many countries nee d support to improve their people’s livelihood.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A)Serve standardized food nationwide.B)Put calorie information on the menu.C)Increase protein content in the food.D)Offer convenient food to customers.4. A)They will be fined.B)They will be closed.C)They will get a warning.D)They will lose customers.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A)Inability to implement their business plans.B)Inability to keep turning out novel products.C)Lack of a successful business model of their own.D)Failure to integrate innovation into their business.6. A)It is the secret to business success.B)It is the creation of something new.C)It is a magic tool to bring big rewards.D)It is an essential part of business culture.7. A)Its hardworking employees.B)Its flexible promotion strategy.C)Its innovation culture.D)Its willingness to make investments.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions.Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once. After you hear a question. You must choose the best answer fromthe four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A)He’s got addicted to technology.B)He is not very good at socializing.C)He is crazy about text-messaging.D)He does not talk long on the phone.9. A)Talk big.B)Talk at length.C)Gossip a lot.D)Forget herself.10. A)He thought it was cool.B)He needed the practice.C)He wanted to stay connected with them.D)He had an urgent message to send.11. A)It poses a challenge to seniors.B)It saves both time and money.C)It is childish and unprofessional.D)It is cool and convenient.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A)He wants to change his job assignment.B)He is unhappy with his department manager.C)He thinks he deserves extra pay for overtime.D)He is often singled out for criticism by his boss.13. A)His workload was much too heavy.B)His immediate boss did not trust him.C)His colleagues often refused to cooperate.D)His salary was too low for his responsibility.14. A)He never knows how to refuse.B)He is always ready to help others.C)His boss has a lot of trust in him.D)His boss has no sense of fairness.15. A)Put all his complaints in writing.B)Wait and see what happens next.C)Learn to say no when necessary.D)Talk to his boss in person first.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A)The importance of sleep to a healthy life.B)Reasons for Americans’ decline in sleep.C)Some tips to improve the quality of sleep.D)Diseases associated with lack of sleep.17. A)They are more health-conscious.B)They are changing their living habits.C)They get less and less sleep.D)They know the dangers of lack of sleep.18. A)Their weight will go down.B)Their mind function will deteriorate.C)Their work efficiency will decrease.D)Their blood pressure will rise.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A)How much you can afford to pay.B)What course you are going to choose.C)Which university you are going to apply to.D)When you are going to submit your application.20. A)The list of courses studied.B)The full record of scores.C)The references from teachers.D)The personal statement.21. A)Specify what they would like to do after graduation.B)Describe in detail how much they would enjoy studying.C)Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject.D)Emphasize that they admire the professors in the university. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A)It was equipped with rubber tyres.B)It was built in the late 19th century.C)It was purchased by the Royal family.D)It was designed by an English engineer.23. A)They consumed lots of petrol.B)They took two passengers only.C)They were difficult to drive.D)They often broke down.24. A)They were produced on the assembly line.B)They were built with less costly materials.C)They were modeled after British cars.D)They were made for ordinary use.25. A)It made news all over the world.B)It was built for the Royal family.C)It marked a new era in motor travel.D)It attracted large numbers of motorists.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.Physical activity does the body good, and there’s growingevidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise, whether at school or on their own, 26 to have higher GPAs and betterscores on standardized tests. In a 27 of 14 studies thatlooked at physical activity and academic 28 , investigatorsfound that the more children moved, the better their grades werein school, 29 in the basic subjects of math, English and reading.The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to30 on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in the U.S. 31 in recent years, some administrators believe students need to spend moretime in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show, exercise and academics may not be 32 exclusive. Physical activity can improve blood 33 to the brain, fueling memory, attention and creativity, which are 34 to learning.And exercise releases hormones that can improve 35 and relieve stress, which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when they’re running around, they may actually be exercising their brains as well.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
四级英语试题及答案
四级英语试题及答案一、听力理解（共20分）1. A) He is a salesman.B) He is a professor.C) He is a doctor.D) He is a lawyer.答案：C2. A) She is going to the cinema.B) She is going to the library.C) She is going to the supermarket.D) She is going to the park.答案：B3. A) He is interested in the lecture.B) He is interested in the book.C) He is interested in the movie.D) He is interested in the play.答案：A4. A) The weather is fine.B) The weather is cloudy.C) The weather is rainy.D) The weather is snowy.答案：A5. A) They are discussing the plan.B) They are discussing the schedule.C) They are discussing the budget.D) They are discussing the report.答案：B二、阅读理解（共40分）6. What does the author think about the new policy?A) It is effective.B) It is controversial.C) It is necessary.D) It is unnecessary.答案：B7. According to the passage, what is the main cause of the problem?A) Environmental pollution.B) Lack of resources.C) Overpopulation.D) Technological advancement.答案：C8. What is the author's purpose in writing this article?A) To inform.B) To persuade.C) To entertain.D) To argue.答案：A9. What can be inferred from the passage?A) The situation is improving.B) The situation is worsening.C) The situation is stable.D) The situation is unpredictable.答案：B10. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A) The company has a good reputation.B) The company is facing financial difficulties.C) The company is expanding its business.D) The company is closing down.答案：B三、完形填空（共20分）11. A) AlthoughB) BecauseC) IfD) Unless答案：A12. A) HoweverB) ThereforeC) MoreoverD) Furthermore答案：B13. A) surprisedB) disappointedC) satisfiedD) confused答案：C14. A) suddenlyB) finallyC) graduallyD) immediately答案：A15. A) insistedB) suggestedC) agreedD) refused答案：B四、翻译（共20分）16. 随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得越来越方便。
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With the world’s population estimated to grow from six to nine billion by 2050, researchers, businesses and governments are already dealing with the impact this increase will have on everything from food and water to infrastructure an jobs. Underlying all this 47________ will be the demand for energy, which is expected to double over the next 40 years.
Finding the resources to meet this demand in a 48________, sustainable way is the cornerstone of our nation’s energy security, and will be one of the major 49________ of the 21st century. Alternative forms of energy ---bio-fuels, wind and solar, to name a few ---are 50________ being funded and developed, and will play a growing 51________ in the world’s energy supply. But experts say that, even when 52________, alternative energy sources will likely meet only about 30% of the world’s energy needs by 2050.
For example, even with 53________ investments, such as the $93 million for wind energy development 54________ in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, important alternative energy sources such as wind and bio-fuels 55________ only about 1% of the market today.
Energy and sustainability experts say the answer to our future energy needs will likely come from a lot of 56________ --- both traditional and alternative.
A stable
B solutions
C significant
D role
E progress
F marvelous
G included
H growth
I exactly
J consist
K comprise L competitions M combined N challenges O certainly
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