02 定语从句第二讲【导学案】-2021年高考英语语法之定语从句精讲精练

专题语法：定语从句

第二讲

导：1. Have a dictation of words we have learned last class.

2. To show some examples of attributive.

思：认真看导学提纲并完成相关题目。

1.关系代词的具体用法。

1） 关系代词 that 的用法：判断that 在定语从句中的成分。

A plane is a machine.

The machine can fly.

The noodles were delicious.

I ate the noodles.

She isn’t the girl. She was the girl 10 years ago.

2) Which 的用法: 判断which 在定语从句中的成分。

They planted the trees.

The trees didn’t need much water.

The fish were not fresh.

We bought the fish. 3) Who 和whom 的用法：判断who 或whom 在定语从句中的成分。

A plane is a machine that can fly.

（ ） The noodles that I ate were delicious.

（ ） She isn’t the girl that she was 10 years ago.

（ ） They planted the trees which didn’t need much water. ( ) The fish which we bought were not fresh. ( )

The foreigner is from Canada. The foreigner visited our school yesterday.

Rose is a girl.

You should look after her.

4)Whose 的用法: 判断whose 在定语从句中的用法。

Miss Flower is the teacher.

Her house caught fire last week.

This is the book

Its cover is blue. 总结：关系代词在定语从句中所做成分。

1)that 指人和物,在从句中作 、 .

2)Which 指物,在从句中作 、 .

3)who 指人，在从句中作 、 .

4)whom 指人，在从句中只能作 .

5)whose 在从句中作定语，指人或物; 若指物还可以同of which 转换。

2. 一般情况下，that 和which 可以互换，但存在一些特殊情况。

只用that 不用which 的特殊情况。

1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much, few, none 等不定

代词时。

The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.

( ) Rose is a girl whom/who you should look after.

( ) Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week. ( )

This is the book whose /of which cover is blue. ( )

I am sure she has something that you can borrow.

2)先行词被all, only, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。

I’ve read all the books that are not mine.

3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。

This is the first book that he has read.

4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时（特指）。

This is the very book that belongs to him.

5)当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。

Who is the man that is standing there?

Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?

6)当先行词既有人，也有物时。

Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?

7)主句以There be 引导,先行词为物时，用that引导；当先行词为人时，用who引导。There are 200 houses that were built 2000 years ago.

There are 20 students who don’t finish their homework.

8)当先行词在定语从句中作be的表语时。

She isn’t the girl that she was 10 years ago.

练一练：I know all people ___ are from that village.

The first gift I got this year is a bear.

There is no water ___ is needed badly.

1.只用which 不用that的情况。