矿业大学mti2011-2013真题完整非回忆-矿大翻译硕士英语
2016中国矿业大学学术翻译实践期末试卷答案
2016中国矿业大学学术翻译实践期末试卷答案中国矿业大学2014-2015学年度第二学期硕士研究生《学术翻译实践》课程期末考试试卷姓名学号学院得分100分钟闭卷一、将下列句子翻译成英语，请在答题纸上作答。
（50分）1. 要提高能源利用效率，也就是要依靠能源、动力、石油化工及各行各业的可进进步来满足，而多相流问题（multiphase flow processes）与它们紧密相关并起着关键作用。
The raise of efficiency of utilizing energy depends on the scientific and technological progress in energy, power, petroleum and chemical industries, in which multiphase flow processes are closely related and play the key role.2.在受到认为控制的条件下，进行精确的观察，这是了解事物本质的第一步。
Accurate observation under controlled conditions is the first step in understanding nature. (动词转译为名词)3. 近代科学的发现得出这样的结论：物质可以产生能量，能量又可以产生物质。
（主被动语态转换）Modern scientific discoveries lead to the conclusion that energy may be created from matter and that matter in turn, may be created from energy.4. 随着大规模集成电路的出现，电子工业在20世纪60年代取得了巨大的进展。
The 1960s saw the great advance in electronics industry with the emergence of the large-scale integrated circuits. (谓语的确定)5. 由于他在设计上的革新，发动机变得小多了，工作得更平稳了，活动部件也少了。
2014年中国矿业大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2014年中国矿业大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．EVP正确答案：超自然电子异象2．ISBN正确答案：国际标准图书编号3．CTO正确答案：首席技术官4．CBD正确答案：交货前付现5．ISO正确答案：国际标准化组织6．Black economy正确答案：非法经济7．white-collar crime正确答案：利用职务便利的犯罪8．job hop正确答案：跳槽9．Ceefax BBC正确答案：电视图文传送10．Good lenses, bad frames正确答案：人不可貌相11．nearsighted date正确答案：近视相亲12．postsantum depression正确答案：节后抑郁症13．cash cow正确答案：摇钱树14．the claimant for compensation 正确答案：赔偿请求人15．International Herald Tribune 正确答案：《国际先驱论坛报》汉译英16．投资热点正确答案：investment hot spot 17．市政工程正确答案：municipal engineering 18．刷卡正确答案：swiping card19．植入广告正确答案：product placement 20．烂尾楼正确答案：unfinished building21．萝卜招聘正确答案：tailor—made recruitment22．吐槽正确答案：disclose one’s secret23．月光族正确答案：live from paycheck to paycheck24．应对外部经济风险冲击正确答案：defuse external economic risks25．发展基层民主正确答案：develop community—level democracy26．世情、国情、党情正确答案：global，national and Party conditions27．凝聚力量，攻坚克难正确答案：pool our strength to overcome all difficulties28．前所未有的机遇和挑战正确答案：unprecedented opportunities and challenges29．资源环境约束正确答案：resource and environment constrains30．实施科技兴国、人才强国战略正确答案：implement the strategies for making China strong by developing science and education and training competent personnel英汉互译英译汉31．He is almost totally paralyzed, speechless and wheelchair-bound, able to move only his facial muscles and two fingers on his left hand. He cannot dress or feed himself, and he needs round-the-clock nursing care. He can communicate only through a voice synthesizer, which he operates by laboriously tapping out words on the computer attached to his motorized chair. Yet at age 50, despite these crushing adversities, Stephen Hawking has become, in the words of science writers Michael White and John Gribbin, “perhaps the greatest physicist of our time. “ His 1988 book, A Brief History of Time, has sold 1. 7 million copies around the world.Rejecting the urging of his physician father to study medicine, Hawking chose instead to concentrate on math and theoretical physics, first at Oxford and then at Cambridge, But at age 21 he developed the first symptoms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS), a disorder that would inevitably render him paralyzed and incapable of performing most kinds of work. As the authors note, theoretical physics was “one of the very few jobs for which his mind was the only real tool he needed. “While still a graduate student, Hawking became fascinated by black holes, the bizarre objects created during the death throes of large stars. Working with mathematician Roger Penrose and using Einstein’s relativity equations, he developed new techniques to prove mathematically that at the heart of black holes were singularities—infinitely dense, dimensionless points with irresistible gravity. He went on to demonstrate that the entire universe could have sprung from a singularity.Gathering momentum as a fellow at Cambridge, Hawking calculated that the Big Bang, which gave birth to the universe, must have created tiny black holes, each about the size of a proton but with the mass of a mountain. Then, upsetting the universal belief that nothing, not even light, can escape from a black hole, he used the quantum theory to demonstrate that these mini-holes(and larger ones too)emit radiation. Other scientists eventually conceded that he was correct, and the black-hole emissions are now known as Hawking radiation.His succinct, synthesized voice comments are often laced with humor, he enjoys socializing with his students and colleagues, attends rock concerts and sometimes takes to the dance floor at discos, wheeling his chair in circles. But he can be stubborn, abrasive and quick to anger, terminating a conversation by spinning around and rolling off, sometimes running one of his wheels over the toes of an offender.正确答案：他几乎完全瘫痪，不能说话，离不开轮椅，能够活动的只有他面部的肌肉和他左手的两个指头。
中国矿业大学(北京)英语翻译课后答案
Unit 14. Translation process A. Comprehension of words:句子译文（P4-5）（1）人生历程就是从生到死。
(2)女孩放好了桌子。
但lay table”的真正含义是指在餐桌上摆好吃饭用的餐具.(3)他认为我够朋友/他认为我可交。
(4)她哭得很伤心。
不能译“她把眼睛哭出来”。
如to laugh one's head off"笑掉大牙”，to burst/split one's side with laughter“笑破肚子”；“tears well up in one's eyes”译为“泪汪汪”．(5)我们找了他，但一无所获。
“to no purpose”和“for no purpose不同，后者是“没有目的”，前者则是“毫无结果”，“一天所获”。
(6)但是他的重大发明还在后头呢(7)你认为汤姆怎么样？他这个人一无可取。
(8)他那个人小气劲儿简直没法说。
可不是吗！/没错。
(9) 哎哟! 人生如草芥.(10) 哪里想到俺和这些高贵的德伯维尔一直是同宗共祖呐。
(11) 谁来都行，由我来对付。
/兵来将挡，谁来我都不怕。
(12) 我死也不干。
(13) 理论固然重要，实践更重要。
(14)学英语，光学语法是不行的。
(15)“exaggerate”一词可以引出较广的含义，不能照字面理解为“被夸张了”，而应译为“他大发雷霞，未免小题大做”。
(16) “我拜读过大作。
没有想到你这么年轻有为，(我原来以为你是一个老人呢)。
(17) 每次出差回来，这儿都叫我感到耳目一新，精神一爽。
(18)应根据对其深层意思的理解译为“可是这个家里是他妈妈说了算(或他妈妈当家)，他们说，他连他妈妈的一半也顶不上”(他那样的人，两个也比不过他妈妈)。
(19) 如果将主语译成“他和她”就显得不顺。
后半句如译成“他们各自与另一个人结婚了”则不够清楚。
全句宜译成：“他们再次相逢时，一个已经娶妻，一个也已经再嫁了”。
中国矿业大学(北京)英语笔译考研真题,复试分数线
翻译硕士考研指导中国矿业大学英语翻硕复习点睛之英译汉从历年考生答题的情况看，英译汉部分得分几乎每年都不会很高。
英译汉之所以难，究其原因是英语和汉语之间的差异太大。
既有语言表达方式方面的不同，又有思维逻辑以及文化习俗等方面的不同。
这些都造成了理解和表达上的重重困难。
我们认为，英译汉的难点在试题中主要反映在以下几个方面：1.依赖上下文理解单词和句子。
英语词汇一个词语有很多的词性以及一个词语有很多的意思。
因此，词义对上下文的依赖性。
因此考生必须十分谨慎，对原文的词义做深入细致的分析，根据语境确定词性和词义。
举个例子：concern这个单词既可以做名词也可以做动词。
这就要根据语境去判断。
2.抽象名词偏多抽象名词是表达抽象概念的名词，它的翻译是非常复杂的问题，需要上下文来确定其汉语意思。
翻译时，我们遵循的原则就是把抽象名词转化成具体名词。
有时要增词翻译或者改换说法。
比如unemployment这类抽象名词。
可以翻译为“失业现象”。
3.后置定语长英语句子的中心词很多受修饰语修饰，最常见的是定语。
前置定语一般是由单词充当，较为简单，考生也易掌握。
而后置定语则有短语或句子充当。
由于后置定语在汉语中是没有的，所以成为了英译汉的又一大考点。
4.长难句多英译汉试题的划线部分共约150词，平均一句30词，且结构复杂，内容抽象，都是典型的长难句。
英语长句主要长在修饰成分上，这些修饰成分可能是词、短语或从句。
从句套从句。
希望广大考生注意。
近些年，考研英语中翻译的考查更侧重于考生综合运用语言的能力，按照考研英语大纲的要求，考生需要准确理解结构较复杂的英语文字材料。
句子结构是英语大厦的支柱，学会分析句子结构是学好英语的必要前提。
英文是一种结构严谨的形合性语言，大部分的英文正式材料基本上是用复杂长句写成的。
语法在平时的复习中，也是基础。
语法的掌握是为分析句子，从而对原句结构进行精确的拆分服务的。
熟练的掌握语法，是准确的翻译句子的前提之一。
考研经验分享：中国矿业大学(北京)翻译硕士考研真题
(1)目录法：先通读各本参考书的目录，对于知识体系有着初步了解，了解书的内在逻辑结 构，然后再去深入研读书的内容。 (2)体系法：为自己所学的知识建立起框架，否则知识内容浩繁，容易遗忘，最好能够闭上 眼睛的时候，眼前出现完整的知识体系。 (3)问题法：将自己所学的知识总结成问题写出来，每章的主标题和副标题都是很好的出题 素材。尽可能把所有的知识要点都能够整理成问题。 2.学习笔记的整理方法 (1)通过目录法、体系法的学习形成框架后，在仔细看书的同时应开始做笔记，笔记在刚开 始的时候可能会影响看书的速度，但是随着时间的发展，会发现笔记对于整理思路和理解课 本的内容都很有好处。 (2)做笔记的方法不是简单地把书上的内容抄到笔记本上，而是把书上的内容整理成为一个 个小问题，按照题型来进行归纳总结。 3.真题的使用方法 认真分析历年试题，做好总结，对于考生明确复习方向，确定复习范围和重点，做好应试准 备都具有十分重要的作用。 分析试题主应当了解以下几个方面：命题的风格(如难易程度，是注重基础知识、应用能 力还是发挥能力，是否存在偏、难、怪现象等)、题型、题量、考试范围、分值分布、考试 重点、考查的侧重点等。考生可以根据这些特点，有针对性地复习和准备，并进行一些有针 对性的练习，这样既可以检查自己的复习效果，发现自己的不足之处，以待改进；又可以巩 固所学的知识，使之条理化、系统化。 二、专业课复习特点
三、百科知识 （1）25 道单选。情商没问题的应该都会做。有几道题跟高考语文选择题差 不多，让选正确的词语，没有歧义的，正确的标点符号。 （2）应用文写作考的是写一篇演讲稿，刚入学的研究生对未来规划。450 字； （3）大作文考的不难，大家可以看看高考满分作文。
2012年中国矿业大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题及答案解析
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中国矿业大学2012年翻译硕士MTI真题及答案I.Directions:Translate the following words,abbreviationsor terminology into Chinese.There are altogether20itemsin this part of the test,with one point for each.(20points)1.DDN2.HDTV3.SCI4.IDD5.0APEC6.PNTR7.VAT8.CPI9.CAC10.World Conservation Union11.financing vehicle12.Home services industry13.Global positioning system14.International Federation of Translators15.Domesticating16.The Financial Times17.The Daily Telegraph18.Group of Eight19.International Federation for Information and Documentation Pacific Internet Research AllianceII.Directions:Translate the following words,abbreviations or terminology into English.There are altogether20items in this part of the test,with one point for each.(20points)1.行政问责2.生态友好城市3.节能减排4.胶囊公寓5.超级网银6.拳头产品7.复合型人才8.泡沫经济9.替代疗法10.探月工程11.以人为本12.提局全民环保意识13.学生减负14.安居工程15.形象小姐/先生16.风险投资17.超生人口.–18.技术转让协议19.翻译质量评估20.全球化顾问III.Direction：Translate the following source text intoChinese.(55points)Add a comma to the present clause,and,of a sudden,the mind is,quite literally,given pause to think;take it out if you wish or forget it and the mind is deprived of a resting place.Yet still the comma gets no respect.It seems just a slip of a thing,a pedant’s tick,a blip on the edge of our consciousness,a kind of printer’s smudge almost. Small,we claim,is beautiful.Yet what is so often used，and so rarely called,as the comma—unless it be breath itself?Punctuation becomes the signature of cultures.The hot-blooded Spaniard seems to be revealed in the passion and urgency of his doubled exclamation points and question marks,while the passive Chinese traditionally added to his so-called inscrutability by omitting directions from his ideograms.Punctuation is something more than a culture’s birthmark;it scores the music in our minds,gets our thoughts moving to the rhythm of our hearts.Punctuation is the notation in the sheet music of our words，telling us when to rest,or when to raise our voices;it acknowledges that the meaning of our discourse,as of any symphonic composition,lies not only in the units but in the pause，the pacing and the phrasing.Sometimes our markings may be simply a matter of aesthetics.Popping in a comma can be like slipping on the necklace that gives an outfit quiet elegance，or like catching the sound of running water that complements as it completes the silence of a Chinese landscape.Thus a comma gives us breath and heft and depth.A world that has only periods is a world without inflections-It is a world without shade. It is a music without sharps and flats.It is a martial music.It has a jackboot rhythm.Words cannot bend and curve.A comma,by comparison, catches the gentle drift of the mind in thought，turning in on itself and back on itself，reversing,redoubling and returning along the course of its own sweet river music.IV Directions:Translate the following source text intoEnglish.(55points)全面加强人才工作。
2015年中国矿业大学(北京)翻译硕士MIT考研真题,考研大纲
16年考研详解与指导宗教信仰51.丹鼎派：由方术发展而来，以炼丹取药、祈求长生成仙为其特点。
52.符录派：由巫术发展而来，以鬼神崇拜、画符念咒、驱鬼降妖、祈福禳灾为特点。
53.道教对中国文化的影响(1)道教的某些活动含有一定的科学精神，对某些科学技术，如：冶炼、化学等做出了贡献；(2)道教的养身之道和引导之术，是现在体育健身活动的直接来源；(3)道教的成仙思想和仙界构想，激发了作家和艺术家的想象力，丰富了文学创作的浪漫主义色彩;(4)在中国的民间习俗和传统节日中含有大量的道教内容。
54.道教一般把（楼观台）作为最早的道观。
55.道教以（青龙、白虎、朱雀、玄武）为四方保护神。
56.世界三大宗教：佛教、伊斯兰教、基督教57.伊斯兰教的六大信仰：(1)信安拉是睢一的神(2)信穆罕默德是安拉的使者⑶信天神(4)信《古兰经》是安拉启示的经典(5)信一切都是由安拉决定的(6)信“死后复活”和“末日审判”58.五功：(1)念功⑵拜功⑶斋功（回历9月）⑷课功（“课功”的“课”的意思：信徒要交纳课税。
）(5)朝功（回历12月）59.伊斯兰教实行政教合一，一般分为（逊尼派）和（什叶派）两派，中国的伊斯兰教属于（前）者。
60.伊斯兰教传入中国大约在（唐）代。
61.番坊：唐宋时期，来华的阿拉伯商人逐渐增多，他们在东西方贸易和文化交流中起了重要的桥梁作用。
其中不少人就侨居在中国的京城和沿海城市。
由于他们信仰伊斯兰教，需要经常做礼拜，就比较集中地住在一起，形成“番坊”。
62.伊斯兰教对中国文化的影响：(1)它的传播影响了中国的民族成分，促成离回族的形成和各民族间的融合；(2)随着阿拉伯人的东来和伊斯兰教的传入，阿拉伯文化也进入中国，其中最重要的如天文、历法、数学、医学等；(3)促进了东西方文化的交流。
63.伊斯兰教建筑以（清真寺）、（塔）和（穆斯林墓地）最为常见。
对于什么是马克思主义的问题，可以从不同的角度去理解。
从它的创造者、继承者的认识成果讲，马克思主义是由马克思恩格斯创立的，而由其后各个时代、各个民族的马克思主义者不断丰富和发展的观点和学说体系。
中国矿业大学研究生英语口语考试试题及答案
中国矿业大学2011级研究生英语口语期末考试题Directions:Prepare the following 15 topics in pairs. Each pair has to speak about 3 minutes. After attending the oral test, you and your partner must hand in your scripts.Topic 1 Debate on page 5.Topic 2 Discussion work on page 14, warm-up question 3Topic 3 Discussion work on page 32, discussion 2Topic 4 Role play on page 46 Task 2Topic 5 Role play on page57, section 3 role playTopic6 Role play on page69, section 3 role playTopic 7 Interview on page 82, section 3Topic 8 Discussion on page 92, discussion task 3Topic 9 Role play on page 93, section 3Topic 10 Discussion on page 106, task 1Topic 11 Debate on page 121, section 3Topic 12 Questions on page 130, warm-up question 1-2Topic 13 Debate on page 157Topic14 Discussion on page 170, task 1Topic 15 Question on page 180 , warm-up question 5Topic1A: In my opinion, china should abolish English as a compulsory subject in the post graduate curriculum and put it as a elective course. for all postgraduate, it is unnecessary to spend lots of time to learn English. Because Only certain part of students will do the job relative with English in the futureB: sorry I don’t think so, I think that china shoul d put English as compulsory subject, because English is necessary in communication with foreigners.A: In our usual life and work, most of us haven't chance to go abroad and to communicate with foreigner. If some plan to go abroad, they may choose English as elective curriculum.B: No matter where you are from, English is necessary for post graduate studies, because a great many of academic articles are written in English.A: Many English academic articles and books have been translated into chinese, which needn't be translated by ourself. For most of students who take up a career that has nothing to do with English , English might even prove of little use in the future, learning English is complete waste of time.B: Nowadays, English is considered as an international language, it is used in every parts of the world. So being good at English will bring we a lot of advantages, in order to get a satisfactory job, it is necessary to learn English well.A: but, students and colleges emphasize the English study too much, some other main subjects are compell ed to give way to English study, If they are absorbed in the professional knowledge, they may make more contributions to our motherland.B:I think English should be regard as a kind of tool, learning English well is helpful to our research, in a word, only do we set English as the compulsory subject ,students can pay great effort to learn itTopic2A: With the devel opment of the Internet and the popularization of computers, shopping on the Internet has become a commonplace in our life. Here consumers can buy almost everything they need.B:ye s, you are right, I’m figuring cut how to shop online. Have you ever shopped online?A:Yes, I usually shop online, I bought a few books and some clothes last week, you know. Just opening some web pages and clicking the mouse, you can buy various goods without stepping out of the house. People don't have to waste a l ot of their energy and precious time to go from one shop to another to choose the commodities they like. B:That’s just what I was thinking, mean while shop ping online save money, because running an online store save rent, work place and other expense. But I still have a question about the safe when we shopping online.A:You don’t need to worry about it, it is very safe. You do not need to pay for the goods until they are delivered to your home checked and proved to be exactly. Thus both your money and goods were protected.B: Shopping online has its disadvantages, the consumers can’t try them, sometimes the real goods may be not the same as what they have seen on the computer.A: every clothes have its size, we may select clothes according to its size, what’s more, if the size is out of place, we may change cl othes B: That is good to know. I will buy something online. Thank you for your help.A: You are wel come.Topic3A: 29th Beijing Olympic games are very successful ,as a Chinese, I am very excitedB: Oh, me too, what impressed you most in 29th Beijing Olympic Games.A:I think it is opening ceremony.B:Why do you think so?A:Because that is a very successful preforming and it has ever made every Chinese exciting. the 29th session of summer Olympics begin grandly in Beijing’s national stadium—bird nest. Named bright civilization previous with being full of the Chinese characteristic the way introduced the four big inventions, the silk road and so on. Chinese bright ancient civilizations were showed to the world audience. At opening ceremony approaches the last act time, Chinese renowned male singer liu huan and british renowned femal e singing star Sarch Breiman sings Beijing Olympic Games opening ceremony theme song together in the bird nest you and me.so it has an important influence in the word.it makes the word learned more about china, especially the culture our country. and china learned more about the worl d, how about you?B:I think it’s volunteer spirit, Because it makes us know that the unite is power. It is their hard voluntary work that fulfilled their commitment of "Smiling Beijing, Volunteering the Olympics and Co-creating the Harmony ". This is why I think the volunteers are the most lovely people. They make great contribution to the Beijing Olympic games. They also show that our nation is warm-hearted country. Although 2008 Beijing Olympic Games has successfully ended, let's learn from the volunteers their spirits of selflessness.A:sounds greatB: that’s all thank youTopic4A: Hello, jiang zhong xi, weekend is coming, I am wandering if you are free this weekendB: I think I will be a little busy. what's on your mind?A: would you like to see a film with me?B: l et me see, sorry, I am afraid I cannot. I have an exam this weekend. A: Oh, my dear friend, come on. The exam you can do it on Sunday. And we can go to cinema on Saturday. While the film is rather famous and access Academy Award, It is a most popular film in America in 2010 B: what film is it?A: Avatar, An America famous science fiction film, which was directed by famous director James Cameron what’s more,the episode of the film is very attractive and Avatar’s courage is very m oving. avatar takes us to a spectacular new world beyond our imagination, where a reluctant hero embarks on a journey of redemption and discovery, as he leads a heroic battle to save a civilization.B: Sounds great, I very like this kinds of film, I heard of Avatar one year ago. When will it be played?A: It will be played the first at Zhong Shan Tang cinema in Xu Zhou at 4 o'clock on Saturday afternoon, will you come with me to see the film?B: certainly, thank you for inviting me. How do we get theater?A: we will meet each other at west gate of china university of mining and technology at 3 o’clock tomorrow afternoon, then we go there by taxiB: all right. See you tomorrowA: See you laterTopic5A:HelloB:Hello,wel come to sunshine holiday travel agency. Can I help you? A:I want to go out for a travel on national day, but I don’t know where we should go, could you tell me how many routes your travel agency can provide?B: our agency can provide many routes, such as huang shan. Su zhou gui lin and so on. I think su zhou will amazing for you because su zhou garden’s famous and beautiful.A:I don’t want to go to that place, though it’s well-known and attractive, because I have been there before. I am interested in nature scenery very much, especially great mountains. My friends tell me that Mount Tai in Shandong province is very famous. So I want to go there.B: Sorry, I’m afraid you can’t visit it recently. The travel route has broken off because the rainstorm. How l ong do you want to stay in the journey?A:I have 7 days holiday.B:we have a 7-day tour that includes all the famous scenic spots in mount huang shanA: sounds great ,do you have brochures?B: Yes,here you areA:Could you tell me about the itinerary?B:you will fly to huang shan. Then visit all scenic spots, at the same time we will provide full board and accommodationA:will I have a guide during the trip.B:yes, we will provide guide in whole journey. What type of hotels do you prefer to stay at?A:common standard roomB:ok we will provide the best serviceA:thank you very muchB:you are welcomeA:good byeB:bye-byeTopic6A: Good morning. Have you got a reservation?B: I don’t think so. But I want to sit down near the wind ow.A: I see. This way, pl ease. Are you ready to order, sir?B: What kinds of food do you have?A: Here is the menu, sir. You can check it.B: Oh, so much d elicious food. I can’t d ecide. Could you recommend some?A: Well, our food divides to cold dishes and courses. The cold dishes include assorted appetizers, fried peanuts, preserved duck egg…and so on. The courses of today have Chinese green tender, fried tofu, boiled fish with bean sprouts in hot chili oil. What woul d you like?B: OK, preserved duck egg. The courses….I like spi cy food very much.Could you recommend some spicy food?A: Of course. I strongly recommend boiled fish with bean sprouts in hot chili oil.B: What are the specialties of this dish?A: This dish belongs to Sichuan food which is ad ded so much wil d pepper and chili. It’s very hot. What’s more, the fish tastes very fresh.B: Sounds great. I’m a little mouth-watering. Ok, I’ll try it.A: Would you like to order some dessert? We provide Ice cream, fresh fruit, and chocolate cake.B: I think I'll need some fresh fruit after eating the spicy fish.A: ok, sir. What woul d you like to drink? How about some wine.B: oh, no. I’ll drive home. orange juice is ok.A: Yes, sir. Wait a minute, please.B: Thank you.A: My pleasure.Topic7A: Good morning. I’m , come fro m Voice of Campus. Today, we’ll l ook at the present health condition among graduate. First of all, please allow me to introduce today’s guest.J is a graduate who’s body is keeping health. Today we’ll talk how to keep health together.Hello, jB: Hello,A: I wondered if you’d mind answering a few questions today for our survey?B: Not at all.A: Well, as we all know healthy body is the foundation of cause successful. Jiang zhong xi, how do you keep fit?B: First of all, I had formed a healthy habit in my daily life.A: Well, does that mean you go to bed on time every night?B: Yes, I rarely stay up. Most night I go to bed before 22 o’clock.Enough sleep is vital to body health.A: Then we know regular exercise is need to keep health. How often do you take exercise?B: I do some exercise like jogging every day, it can not only keep us strong but also make us happy.A: Yes, I appreciate with you. Exercise makes us relax. If you feel depressed, appropriate sports can release your oppressive feelings.Every time I feel sad,B: Yes, li hou wei. In addition that, we also need to keep a balanced diet, which means having more vegetabl e and fruit and no junk food. Asa saying goes, “An apple a day keeps the d octor away”.A: That’s true. Besid es don’t forget to laug h every day. Dear friends, if you follow these suggestions, I am sure you will be very healthy.Topic8Do you think love-based marriage is more successful than arranged marriage?A: Hello, J, I haven’t seen you for several days. Did you have a travel? B: No, I went home, one of my good friends got married yesterday, and I attend her wedding ceremony.A: Really? Are they classmates？B: Yes, they are university classmates, and they have loved for four years. Now they got together.A: Four years? It’s n ot easy, best wishes for them. My one friend will get married next week, but they are arranged.B: Thank you. Do you think love-based marriage is more successful than arranged marriage?A: Yes, I think so. In my opinion, if the couples love each other, they can tolerate their partner much more, and the marriage will be more stable. Besides, they know the other one very much. And on the basis of mutual und erstanding, they are more likely to trust each other.B: Yeah, maybe. But that is not absolute. The marriage of my brother and my sister-in law is arranged, at the beginning, my brother didn’t like her at all, while now they love each other very much.A: Well. That, after all, is one of the few. I believe that most peopl e prefer a liberal marriage rather than an arranged one.B: That’s true. But we cannot say arranged marriage is not successful. A: I see. I think that not-divorcing doesn’t stand for successful. They don’t divorce just because they afraid of their child discriminated B: In fact, we don’t k now whether they are happy or not. We can just see the surface. In a family, the more important is responsibility. A: I see your point. The responsibility is the most important whether in liberal marriage or arranged ones.Topic9A girl student and a boy student act to attend a blind date in a caféA: Good morning, I am Li.B: Good morning, li. Sorry for my late, the traffic is so heavy.A: Yes, XuZhou’s traffic is terrible. I just arrived few minutes, too. What do you like to drink?B: A cup of Coffee, thanks!A: Coffee is also my favorite. Waiter, two cups of Coffee, pl ease! J, if you don’t mind, just regard me as your friend, your cousin is my good friend.B: OK. Could you talk about your family?A: There are six people in my family, besides my parents and I, there are my two sisters and two brothers.B: That’s a big family!A: You are right. Now I live with my parents my brothers and sisters have there own small families.B: Do you get along well with your brothers?A: Of course, we are really right.B: I am jealous. I am the single child in my family, but I don’t go home often, my workplace is too far from my home.A: I knew you graduated from the china university of mining and technology.B: That’s right, and I have worked one year in a company in Beijing.Do you graduate from CUMT?A: Yes. The campus life is unforgettable!B: Hmm, yes. What d o you like to do in your spare time?A: I feel like playing ball games, especially basketball.B: I do! I am interested in it very much.A: You know, you and I have a l ot in common.B: Really? Maybe we will be good friends. Coul d you tell me your QQ number?A: Of course. Here is my QQ number.B: Thank you. Here is mine. Sorry, I had to go for something. Goodbye. A: Goodbye.Topic10Hunting a jobA: Hello, J, have you get a job?B: No, I haven’t yet. How about you?A: I just finished my resume. It’s so difficult for me to find a satisfactory job.B: You are right. We should consider too much, such as the city, the work environment, the salary and so on.A: How much do you expect of your salary?B: My ideal salary is more and more. What’s your expectation?A: I hope at 4000 or more. You know I want to Beijing, and it’s not too much.B: I agree with you. Beijing's consumption level is too high.B: I heard you had attended several interviews. May I ask you some questions about interview?A: Of course you can. I will share my experience with you.B: Should we ask about salary or not?A: Generally speaking, you’d better not to mention it in th e interview, especially for the new of office field. Doing nothing and stressing too much the salary is likely to cause the interviewer’s antipathy [æn'tipəθi].B: I see. But how to respond when being asked what your salary expectations are? Last time, an interviewer asked me, and I felt my answer was not appealed to him.A: In order to prevent this condition, you can do a research in the wage income market as a reference.B: Hmm, that’s a good idea! Thank you very much. It is helpful for me.Topic11Will the traditional Chinese culture fad e away?A: Good morning, j, Tomorrow is Dragon Boat Festival. Could you come with me to watch the dragon boat race?B: Sorry, I have no interested in the traditional activity. Today many traditional Chinese culture had fad ed away.A: Oh, I don’t think. Chinese culture has passed on from generation to generation for 5000 years. For instance, Beijing Opera is a national treasure with a history of 200 year and it still exists.B: Yeah, but you just say one side. You must admit that Beijing Opera has problems in appealing to young people.A: I can see your point, but I’m not sure I agree. You know many children are learning Beijing Opera now. And our country is taking measures to protect and carry forward our traditional culture. You know Confucius [kən'fju:ʃjəs] templ e also appears in many western countries.B: Well, maybe. But struck by modern lifestyles，unique folk cultural items are still disappearing unbelievably fast.A: Don’t forget that we celebrate many tradit ional Chinese festivals, such as the Spring Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and so on. They compose an important and brilliant ['briljənt] part of Chinese culture.B: But you must admit that, in china, many western festivals are popular than Chinese. For exa mple, Valentine’s Day is much popular than the Double Seventh Festival among the young generation.A: It’s hard to say, For Chinese, the Spring Festival is more important than Christmas.B: many peopl e especially the young keep in step with the fashion and the traditional culture is fading away. But as a Chinese we are still proud of our various traditional culture.A: Yes, that’s true.Topic12A: Good morning, j, Nice to meet youB: Nice to meet you，too. I’m very interested in western culture. Coul d you name some of Western festivals?A: Of course. There are many interesting festivals, such as Easter, Halloweens, Thanksgiving Day, Christmas and so on. Which is your favorite?B: One of my foreign friends told me In Britain Christmas Day is normally spent at home with the family. It is regarded as a celebration of the family.A: Yes, you’re right. But do you know how to celebrate Christmas in UK?B: Uh, I don’t know.A: Well, actually preparations start well in advance, with the sending of Christmas cards and installation of a d ecorated Christmas tree ina prominent place in the home.B: I heard that on Christmas Eve chil dren hang up their stockings at the foot of the bed for Father Christmas to fill it with presents, Is that true?A: Yes, that’s true. But in the end parents give their chil dren presents instead of Father Christmas.B: Oh, I know. What are you usually do on Christmas Day?A: In Europe，typically，family and friends gather together on Christmas Day for a big turkey dinner，completed with Christmas pudding. After dinner, everyone relaxes by going for a walk, playing games, enjoying their presents or watching television.B: Sounds interesting.Topic13B: Hello, li. What are you doing?A: I am reading a book about the economic development and environmental protection?B: Oh, what’s your mind about that?A: Well, in my opinion, we should give priority to environmental protection. As the economy develops, a great deal of waste gases and poisonous water are arbitrarily emitted and the environment has already been seriously polluted. The environmental pollution has brought great threat to people’s health and survival.B: On the whole I don’t support your idea. China is a d eveloping country. Although we have made great progress in improving the lives of the people, but the living standard is still rather low compared to western countries.A: Though some area is still poor, China’s economy has devel oped to a stage where we have to consider the environment.B: But we shoul d not neglect a l ot of people who even can’t get enoug h food in our country. So m any families can’t afford the ir chil dren‘s tuition fees.A: At the same time we shoul d aware that environmental destruction can und ermine the quality of people lives. Can you have a happy, rich and healthy life in a badly polluted environment where you can’t even breathe freely?B: No I coul dn’t tol erate that. Well maybe you are right.Topic14A: Hi, J , What are you reading about?B: I am reading an article about low-carbon energy.A. Sounds interesting. What is low carbon energy?B. Generally speaking,. Low carbon energy is the energy that produce less or zero greenhouse gases.A. Are wind power, solar power, and nuclear power belong to low-carbon energy?B. Yes they are. Sources with lower-level emissions such as natural gas are also low-carbon energy.A. Yesterday I saw cctv programe, a news said that the Chinese Government will encourage the development of low-carbon energy..Why should we favor low carbon energy?B: China rapid economic growth has demands for energy and resources. Traditional energy like coal and oil will be exhausted someday. So we should search for low-carbon energy source .A: Yes I know. Some low-carbon energy are renewable and Inexhaustibl e.In order to promote sustainable development, we need develop low-carbon energy.B: On a social level, perhaps the biggest factor shoul d contributing to the general public’s awareness of global warming and the need for new technologies of l ow carbon power.A.I know the harm of the global warming, which will impose major threat to long term survival of human beings.B. Developing low-carbon energy has positive influence on environment issues as well as climate(气候) change.A.I definitely agree with you.Topic15A. Can you make a list of some coal mining safety problems ?B. Yes. Like potential collapse 潜在的爆炸, Roof accident, water rush 透水are main mining safety problems.A Coal mine safety is a serious issue, as coal mining is dangerous work and many people died in coal mine accident..B. Yes. Usually, Mining was looked as the most dangerous job in China. We should take measures to eliminate coal accidents.A. Safety issues in coal mining vary according to region. Coal mining in developing countries tends to be more dangerous than coal mining in highly developed countries like the United States. Chinese coal mines are often unregulated, although increasingly Chinese authorities are cracking down on this problem. Chinese coal mining companies should are in contact with American mining companies to improve safety standards.B. Yes, you are right. An article says most accidents are blamed on failures to follow safety rules, so I think the government should make stricter regulation.A. It sounds very reasonable. I think explosion risk can also be control.Some dangers of coal mines are riskier than others, with mining explosions being the worst. Many mine explosions are caused by methane gas leaked from coal and the rocks surrounding it. Methane levels in the air of coal mines must stay below 5 percent to lower explosion risk as much as is feasible.B. Yes, this is a reason. In mine, have a lot of problems, so if you don't handle in time, problems will be turned into accident. Therefore, we should start from the source control.。
2013年中国矿业大学文法学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2013年中国矿业大学文法学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into Chinese. There are altogether 20 items in this part of the test, with one point for each. (20’)1. 住宅物业【答案】residential property2. 客户关系管理【答案】customer relation management3. 组织能力评估【答案】assessment of organizational capability4. 供应链管理【答案】Supply Chain Management5. 做大经济蛋糕【答案】make the economic pie bigger6. 放宽市场准入【答案】to expand market entrance7. 淘汰煤行业落后产能【答案】phase out backward production capacities of coal industry8. 促进生态修复【答案】promote restoration of the ecosystems9. 科技成果产业化【答案】promote industrialization of scientific and technological achievements10. 全民健身【答案】National Fitness11. 文化体制改革【答案】reform of cultural administrative system12. 不断提高政策的针对性、灵活性和前瞻性【答案】make the policies more targeted, flexible, and forward-looking constantly13. 民族凝聚力【答案】national cohesiveness14. 中国特色军事变革【答案】the military revolution with Chinese characteristics15. 廉租房【答案】low-rent housing16. 加强科技支撑【答案】increase the support for work in science and technology17. 仁爱原则【答案】benevolence18. 收入倍增【答案】the income increases multiply19. 廉政文化建设【答案】foster a culture of clean government20. 支农惠农政策【答案】policies to support and benefit agriculture, rural areas and farmers Ⅱ. Directions: Translate the following source text into Chinese. (55 points)The traveler from the coast, who, after plodding northward for a score of miles over calcareous downs and corn-lands, suddenly reaches the verge of one of these escarpments, is surprised and delighted to behold, extended like a map beneath him, country differing absolutely from that which he has passed through. Behind him the hills are open, the sun blazes down upon fields so large as to give an unenclosed character to the landscape, the lanes are white, the hedges low and plashed, the atmosphere colorless. Here, in the valley, the world seems to be constructed upon a smaller and more delicate scale; the fields are mere paddocks, so reduced that from this height hedgerows appear a network of dark green threads overspreading the paler green of the grass. The atmosphere beneath is languorous, and is so tinged with azure that what artists call the middle distance partakes also of that hue, while the horizon beyond is of the deepest ultramarine.The crimson brick lodge came first in sight, up to its eaves in dense evergreens. Tess thought this was the mansion itself till, passing through the side wicket with some trepidation, and onward to a point at which the drive took a turn, the house proper stood in full view. It was of recent erection - indeed almost new - and of the same rich red colour that formed such a contrast with the evergreens of the lodge. Far behind the corner of the house - which rose like a geranium bloom against the subdued colours around - stretched the soft azure landscape of The Chase - a truly venerable tract of forest land, one of the few remaining woodlands in England of undoubted primeval date, wherein Druidical mistletoe was still found on aged oaks, and where enormous yew trees, notplanted by the hand of man, grew as they had grown when they were pollarded for bows. All this sylvan antiquity, however, though visible from the Slopes, was outside the immediate boundaries of the estate.【参考译文】一个从海边上来的旅客，往北很费劲地走了几十里地的石灰质丘阜和庄稼地以后，一下到了这些峻岭之一的山脊上面，看见了一片原野，像地图一样平铺在下面，和刚才所走过的绝然不同，他就不由得要又惊又喜。
2013年中国矿业大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题及答案解析
中国矿业大学2013年翻译硕士MTI真题及答案I.Directions:Translate the following words,abbreviations or terminology into Chinese.There are altogether20items in this part of the test,with one point for each.(20points)1.住宅物业2.客户关系管理3.组织能力评估4.供应链管理5.做大经济“蛋糕”6.放宽市场准入7.淘汰煤炭行业落后产能8.促进生态修复9.科技成果产业化10.全民健身11.文化体制改革12.不断提髙政策的针对性、灵活性和前瞻性13.民族凝聚力14.中国特色军事变革15.廉租房16.加强科技支撑17.仁爱原则18.收入倍增19.廉政文化建设20.支农惠农政策II.Directions:Translate the following source text intoChinese.(55points)The traveler from the coast，who,after plodding northward for a score of miles over calcareous downs and corn-lands,suddenly reaches the verge of one of these escarpments,is surprised and delighted to behold, extended like a map beneath him,a country differing absolutely from that which he has passed through.Behind him the hills are open，the sun blazes down upon fields so large as to give an unenclosed character to the landscape,the lanes are white,the hedges low and plashed,the atmosphere colorless.Here,in the valley,the world seems to be constructed upon a smaller and more delicate scale;the fields are mere paddocks,so reduced that from this height their hedgerows appear a network of dark green threads overspreading the paler green of the grass. The atmosphere beneath is languorous,and is so tinged with azure that what artists call the middle distance partakes also of that hue,while the horizon beyond is of the deepest ultramarine.The crimson brick lodge came first in sight,up to its eaves in dense evergreens.She thought this was the mansion itself till,passing through the side wicket with some trepidation,and onward to a point at which the drive took a turn，the house proper stood in full view. It was of recent erection–indeed almost new–and of the same rich red color that formed such a contrast with the evergreens of the lodge. Far behind the comer of the house–which rose like a geranium bloom against the subdued colors around–stretched the soft azure landscape of The Chase–a truly venerable tract of forest land，one of the few remaining woodlands in England of undoubted primaeval date,wherein Druidical mistletoe was still found on aged oaks,and where enormous yew trees，not planted by the hand of man，grew as they had grown when they were pollarded for bows.All this sylvan antiquity,however,though visible from the Slopes，was outside the immediate boundaries of the estate.III.Directions:Translate the following source text intoEnglish.(60points)随着全球化的不断深入，中国在能源发展方面与世界联系F1益紧密。
2013年中国矿业大学翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷
2013年中国矿业大学翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(总分：82.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：23，分数：52.00)1.我国少数民族分布最多的省份是（）（分数：2.00）A.广西B.西藏C.云南√D.四川解析：解析：全国55个少数民族中，云南省就有51个，其中世居的人口在5000人以上的少数民族有25个，15个为本省独有(阿昌族、布朗族、独龙族、德昂族、哈尼族、基诺族、景颇族、傈僳族、拉祜族、纳西族、普米族、白族、傣族、怒族、佤族)。
独龙族约5500人，人口最少；彝族有400多万人，人口最多。
2.被称为“画圣”的古代画家是（）（分数：2.00）A.吴道子√B.顾恺之C.韩干D.张择端解析：解析：吴道子，唐代著名画家，被后世尊称为“画圣”，其著名代表作为《送子天王图》。
顾恺之，东晋著名画家，被称为中国“画祖”，其代表作有《女史箴图》、《洛神赋图》。
韩干，唐代杰出画家，其著名代表作有《百兽图》、《牧马图》。
张择端，北宋著名画家，其代表作为风俗画《清明上河图》。
3.史书《资治通鉴》是属于哪一类体例的历史？（）（分数：2.00）A.纪传体B.纪传本末体C.编年体√D.国别体解析：解析：编年体史书以时间为中心，按年、月、日顺序记述史事。
因为它以时间为经，以史事为纬，比较容易反映出同一时期各个历史事件的联系。
纪传体通过记叙人物活动，反映历史事件。
纪传体史书的突出特点是以大量人物传记为中心内容，是记言、记事的进一步结合，能够更好地表现人物的性格。
从体裁的形式上看，纪传体是本纪、世家、列传、书志、表的综合。
国别体是以各个国家为线索的史书。
纪事本末体是以事件为主线，将有关专题材料集中在一起。
4.“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”是哪位思想家的名言（）（分数：2.00）A.黄宗羲B.顾炎武√C.王夫之D.王充解析：解析：“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”最早是由顾炎武在《日知录．正始》中提出的概念，背景是清军入关，全句是：天下兴亡，匹夫有责；国之兴亡，肉食者谋。
中国矿业大学(北京)英语翻译硕士考研真题,考研经验
翻译硕士考研指导中国矿业大学英语翻硕复习点睛之英译汉从历年考生答题的情况看，英译汉部分得分几乎每年都不会很高。
英译汉之所以难，究其原因是英语和汉语之间的差异太大。
既有语言表达方式方面的不同，又有思维逻辑以及文化习俗等方面的不同。
这些都造成了理解和表达上的重重困难。
我们认为，英译汉的难点在试题中主要反映在以下几个方面：1.依赖上下文理解单词和句子。
英语词汇一个词语有很多的词性以及一个词语有很多的意思。
因此，词义对上下文的依赖性。
因此考生必须十分谨慎，对原文的词义做深入细致的分析，根据语境确定词性和词义。
举个例子：concern这个单词既可以做名词也可以做动词。
这就要根据语境去判断。
2.抽象名词偏多抽象名词是表达抽象概念的名词，它的翻译是非常复杂的问题，需要上下文来确定其汉语意思。
翻译时，我们遵循的原则就是把抽象名词转化成具体名词。
有时要增词翻译或者改换说法。
比如unemployment这类抽象名词。
可以翻译为“失业现象”。
3.后置定语长英语句子的中心词很多受修饰语修饰，最常见的是定语。
前置定语一般是由单词充当，较为简单，考生也易掌握。
而后置定语则有短语或句子充当。
由于后置定语在汉语中是没有的，所以成为了英译汉的又一大考点。
4.长难句多英译汉试题的划线部分共约150词，平均一句30词，且结构复杂，内容抽象，都是典型的长难句。
英语长句主要长在修饰成分上，这些修饰成分可能是词、短语或从句。
从句套从句。
希望广大考生注意。
近些年，考研英语中翻译的考查更侧重于考生综合运用语言的能力，按照考研英语大纲的要求，考生需要准确理解结构较复杂的英语文字材料。
句子结构是英语大厦的支柱，学会分析句子结构是学好英语的必要前提。
英文是一种结构严谨的形合性语言，大部分的英文正式材料基本上是用复杂长句写成的。
语法在平时的复习中，也是基础。
语法的掌握是为分析句子，从而对原句结构进行精确的拆分服务的。
熟练的掌握语法，是准确的翻译句子的前提之一。
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中国矿业大学2011年翻译硕士MTI真题及答案I.Directions:Translate the following words，abbreviations or terminology into Chinese.There are altogether15items in this part of the test,with one point for each,(15points)1.WMO2.BRICs3.IOS4.GATT5.NATO6.WHO7.ILO8.Nanotechnology9.International Telecommunications Union10.United Nation Children’s Fundputemik12.Reuters13.World Intellectual Property Organization14.Transliteration15.ForeignizingII Directions:Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into English There are altogether15items in this part of the test’with one point for each,(15points)1.经济适用房2.节能减排3.低碳经济4.物联网5.创业板6.综合国力7.复合型人才8.全国人民代表大会9.锐意进取10.自主创新能力11.建设生态文明12.科技成果产业化13.节能环保汽车14.文化体制改革15.全方位外交III.Directions:Translate the following source text into Chinese.(60points)They were in great-coats with scarves and comforters round their necks,and hats or caps drawn well down;and they sat mostly in dejected attitudes,bending forward,their hands resting on the handles of their sticks，some with their chins on their hands, but all gazed in one direction over the cold grey sea.Strangersto each other,unlike in life and character,coming from widely separated places，some probably from countries beyond the ocean, yet all here，silently gazing in one direction beyond that rocky foreland,with the same look of infinite weariness on their grey faces and in their dim sad eyes,as if one thought and feeling and motive had drawn them to this spot.Can it be that the sentiment or fancy which is sown in our minds in childhood and lies asleep and forgotten in us through most of our years,revives and acquires towards the end a new and strange significance when we have entered upon our second childhood?The period,I mean,when we recover our ancient mental possession—the heirlooms which cannot be alienated or lost,which have descended to us from our remotest progenitors through centuries and thousands of years.These old men cannot see the objects which appear to younger eyes—the distant passing ships,and the landthat dim，broken line，as of a low cloud on the horizon,of the islands:their sight is altered from what it was,yet is,perhaps,now able to discern things invisible to us一other uncharted islands.What are they,these other islands,and what do we know of them?Nothing at all;indeed, nothing can be known to the generality;only these old men，sitting on rocks and gazing at vacancy,might enlighten us if they would.Undoubtedly there are differences of sight among them which would make their descriptions vary，but they would probably all agree in affirming that the scene before them has no resemblance to the earlier vision.This grey-faced very old man with his chin on his hands,who looks as if he had not smiled these many years,would perhaps smile now if he were to recall that former vision,which came by teaching and served well enough during his hot youth and strenuous middle age.IV Directions:Translate the following source text into English.(60points)中国政府充分认识到互联网对于加国民经济发展、推动科学技术进步和加速社会服务信息化进程的不可替代作用，高度重视并积极促进互联网的发展与运用。
2013到2011年CATTI二级笔译真题及参考答案
2013年11月英语二级《笔译实务》试题Part A Compulsory Translation（必译题）The archivists requested a donkey, but what they got from the mayor’s office were four wary black sheep, which, as of Wednesday morning, were chewing away at a lumpy field of grass beside the municipa l archives building as the City of Paris’s newest, shaggiest lawn mowers. Mayor Bertrand Delano? has made the environment a priority since his election in 2001, with popular bike- and car-sharing programs, an expanded network of designated lanes for bicycles and buses, and an enormous project to pedestrianize the banks along much of the Seine.The sheep, which are to mow (and, not inconsequentially, fertilize) an airy half-acre patch in the 19th District intended in the same spirit. City Hall refers to the project as “eco-grazing,” and it notes that the four ewes will prevent the use of noisy, gas-guzzling mowers and cut down on the use of herbicides.Paris has plans for a slightly larger eco-grazing project not far from the archives building, assuming all goes well; similar projects have been under way in smaller towns in the region in recent years.The sheep, from a rare, diminutive Breton breed called Ouessant, stand just about two feet high. Chosen for their hardiness, city officials said, they will pasture here until October inside a three-foot-high, yellow electrified fence.“This is really not a one-shot deal,” insisted René Dutrey, the adjunct mayor for the environment and sustainable development. Mr. Dutrey, a fast-talking man in orange-striped Adidas Samba sneakers, noted that the sheep had cost the city a total of just about $335, though no further economic projections have been drawn up for the time being.A metal fence surrounds the grounds of the archives, and a security guard stands watch at the gate, so there is little risk that local predators — large, unleashed dogs, for instance — will be able to reach the ewes.Curious humans, however, are encouraged to visit the sheep, and perhaps the archives, too. The eco-grazing project began as an initiative to attract the public to the archives, and informational panels have been put in place to explain what, exactly, thesheep are doing here.But the archivists have had to be trained to care for the animals. In the unlikely event that a ewe should flip onto her back, Ms. Masson said, someone must rush to put her back on her feet.Part B Optional Translation（二选一题）Topic 1 （选题一）Norman Joseph Woodland was born in Atlantic City on Sept. 6, 1921. As a Boy Scout he learned Morse code, the spark that would ignite his invention.After spending World War II on the Manhattan Project , Mr. Woodland resumed his studies at the Drexel Institute of Technology in Philadelphia (it is now Drexel University), earning a bachelor’s degree in 1947.As an undergraduate, Mr. Woodland perfected a system for delivering elevator music efficiently. He planned to pursue the project commercially, but his father, who had come of age in “Boardwalk Empire”-era Atlantic City, forbade it: elevator music, he said, was controlled by the mob, and no son of his was going to come within spitting distance.The younger Mr. Woodland returned to Drexel for a master’s degree. In 1948, a local supermarket executive visited the campus, where he implored a dean to develop an efficient means of encoding product data. The dean demurred, but Mr. Silver, a fellow graduate student who overheard their conversation, was intrigued. He conscripted Mr. Woodland.An early idea of theirs, which involved printing product information in fluorescent ink and reading it with ultraviolet light, proved unworkable.But Mr. Woodland, convinced that a solution was close at hand, quit graduate school to devote himself to the problem. He holed up at his grandparents’ home in Miami Beach, where he spent the winter of 1948-49 in a chair in the sand, thinking.To represent information visually, he realized, he would need a code. The only code he knew was the one he had learned in the Boy Scouts.What would happen, Mr. Woodland wondered one day, if Morse code, with itselegant simplicity and limitless combinatorial potential, were adapted graphically? He began trailing his fingers idly through the sand.“What I’m going to tell you sounds like a fairy tale,” Mr. Woodland told Smithsonian magazine in 1999. “I poked my four fingers into the sand and for whatever reason —I didn’t know — I pulled my hand toward me and drew four lines. Now I have four lines, and they could be wide lines and narrow lines instead of dots and dashes.’ ”Today, bar codes appears on the surface of almost every product of contemporary life. All because a bright young man, his mind ablaze with dots and dashes, one day raked his fingers through the sand.201211 Passage 1Tucked away in this small village in Buckinghamshire County is the former Elizabethan coaching inn where William Shakespeare is said to have penned part of "A Midsummer Night's Dream."Dating from 1534, the inn, now called Shakespeare House, is thought to have been built as a Tudor hunting lodge. Later it became a stop for travelers between London and Stratford-upon-Avon, where Shakespeare was born and buried.It was "Brief Lives," a 17th-century collection of biographies by John Aubrey, that linked Shakespeare to the inn, saying that he had stayed there and drawn inspiration for the comedy while in the village.One of the current owners, Nick Underwood, said the local lore goes even further: "It is also said he appears at the oriel window on the top floor of the house on April 23 every year -- the date he is said to have been born and to have died.""In later years, the house later became a farmhouse, with 150 acres of land, but, over time, pieces were sold off," Mr. Underwood said. "In the 20th century, it was owned by two American families." Now, he and his co-owner, Roy Elsbury, have put the seven-bedroom property on the market at ￡1.375 million, or $2.13 million. Despite its varied uses and renovations over the years, the 4,250-square-foot, or 395-square-meter, inn has retained so much of its original character that the organization English Heritage lists it as a Grade II* property, indicating that it is particularly important and of "more than special interest." Only 27 percent of the 1,600 buildings on the organization's register have this designation.We knew of the house before we bought it and were very excited when it came up for sale. It is so unusual to find an Elizabethan property of this size, in this area, and when we saw it, we absolutely fell in love with it," Mr. Underwood said. "We have taken great pleasure in working on it and living here. This house is all about the history."In addition to being the owners' home, the property currently is run as a luxury guest house, with rooms rented for ₤99 to ₤250 a night."Shakespeare House is a wonderful example of Elizabethan architecture," said DeanHeaviside, the national sales director of Fine real estate agency, which is representing the owners. "It has been beautif- ully restored and offers a unique lifestyle, which brings a taste of the past together with modern-day comfort. It is rare to find a home like this on the market."Passage 2The ancient frozen dome cloaking Greenland is so vast that pilots have crashed into what they thought was a cloud bank spanning the horizon. Flying over it, you can scarcely imagine that it could erode fast enough to dangerously raise sea levels any time soon.Along the flanks in spring and summer, however, the picture is very different. For an increasing number of warm years, a network of blue lakes and rivulets of melt-water has been spreading ever higher on the icecap.The melting surface darkens, absorbing up to four times as much energy from the sun as snow, which reflects sunlight. Natural drainpipes called moulins carry water from the surface into the depths, in some places reaching bedrock.The process slightly, but measurably, lubricates and accelerates the grinding passage of ice towards the sea.Most important, many glaciologists say, is the break-up of huge semi-submerged clots of ice where some large Greenland glaciers, particularly along the west coast, squeeze through fiords as they meet the warming ocean. As these passages have cleared, this has sharply accelerated the flow of many of these creeping, corrugated and frozen rivers.Some glaciologists fear that the rise in seas in a warming world could be much greater than the upper estimate of about 60 centimetres this century made by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change last year. (Seas rose less than 30 centimetres last century.)The panel's assessment did not include factors known to contribute to ice flows but not understood well enough to estimate with confidence. SCIENTIFIC scramble is under way to clarify whether the erosion of the world's most vulnerable ice sheets, in Greenland and west Antarctica, can continue to accelerate. The effort involves fieldand satellite analyses and sifting for clues from past warm periods,Things are definitely far more serious than anyone would have thought five years ago. Passage 1中国是一个发展中国家。