2017年专业八级英语阅读长难句分析4
2017年考研英语长难句真题例句分析
2017年考研英语长难句真题例句分析长难句是考研英语阅读和翻译的难点，攻克它是必要条件，但同样也是一件不容易的事，对于长难句的理解和把握还需要一点点积累，多研究如何拆分，如何再组合理解，凯程网考研频道分享每一句长难句的解读翻译，取材自理念真题，希望大家能够在余下不多的时间里日积月累，逐步提升。
Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously theirmisery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives.译文：不幸福的父母很少会思考自己是否不该养孩子，但那些不幸福的没有孩子的人却总是受到“孩子是这世上最重要的东西”这一信息的困扰：显然，他们之所以生活得不幸福，肯定是由这种没有孩子的缺憾直接造成的。
分析：本句是个复合句，包含两个由转折连词but连接的并列句。
第一个分句的主干为Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if…，其中宾语是由if引导的宾语从句。
第二个分句的主干为unhappy childless folks (主语)+are bothered with (谓语)+the message(宾语)，之后that引导的同位语从句解释说明前面的抽象名词message，这个从句的主句是children…world，冒号后的内容是从句主句的同位语从句，对其进一步解释。
【词汇指南】rare [rɛə](adj.)稀薄的,稀疏的;稀有的,珍奇的(高考词汇)(有学者认为，ra=reach-抵达,到达，re=zero-零→抵达、到达“零”的边缘，几乎没有的——即“稀薄的,稀疏的”，引申为“稀有的,珍奇的”。
2017年英语专八阅读理解考前练习试题及答案解析
On a nondescript block south of New York's Union Square’ up a dreary staircase and through a black-barred gate, there is a long, narrow room that might be mistaken for a very small museum of literary counterculture. On one wall hangs two rows of iconic posters：a print of Che Guevara's proud head; a photograph of the authors Jean Genet, William S. Burroughs, and Allen Ginsberg marching at the 1968 Democratic National Convention ;a portrait of Bobby Kennedy. Ixiose-leaf binders of correspondence with groundbreaking authors line floor-to-ceiling bookshelves. Beside the bookcases, Samuel Beckett peers out of a black-and-white photograph with a fierce crow's gaze. Next to him in the picture stands a shorter, milder-looking man named Barney Rosset.Rosset's publishing house, Grove Press, was a tiny company operating out of the ground floor of Rosset's brownstone when it published an obscure play called Waiting for Godot in 1954. By the time Beckett had won the Nobel Prize in 1969 ’ Grove had become a force that challenged and changed literature and American culture in deep and lasting ways. Its impact is still evident——from the Che Guevara posters adorning college dorms to the canonical status of the house's once controversial authors. Rosset is less well known— but late in his life he is achieving some wider recognition."Hie story of Rossel's life is essentially one of creative destruction. He found writers who wanted to break new paths, and then he picked up a sledge-hammer to help ihem whale away at the existing order.Rosset saw many crises. He or his company was forever going broke, being attacked, breaking the law. In his legal battles, Rosset made his most enduring impact. Before Rosset challenged federal and slate obscenity laws, censorship was an accepted feature of publishing. His victories in high courts helped to change that. Rosset believed that it was impossible to represent life in the streets and in the dark recesses of the heart and mind honestly without using language that in ihe mid-20th century was considered “ obscene"— and therefore illegal to sell or mail. To a significant extent, the books he published convinced others that this was true.Rosset wasn't the only publisher who took risks, but he was one of the most visible and uncompromising. Not everything he published was high-minded. Some of it aimed below the belt, and he was uncompromising about that too. His stubbornness made his achievements possible, bul it also helped to undo him. At the end of the 60s, Grove moved into fancy offices, into film, and, to some extent, away from books. The repression of the 50s and freewheeling openness of the 60s were over, and other houses, now free from fear of censorship, took more chances. The left splintered. The feminist movemenl attacked him. Grove began to drift. But Rosset, as always, kept doing what he wanted, everything else be damned.1.Which of the following statements contains a metaphor? [A]…with a fierce crow's gaze. (Paragraph One) [B] He or his company was forever going broke ...(Paragraph Four)[C] Some of it aimed below the belt ... (Paragraph Five)[D] "Die feminist movement attacked him. (Paragraph Five)2. What does "creative deBtmclion" (Paragraph Three) mean?[A] Rosset caused various types of damage.[B] Rosset broke rules to bring about good changes.[C] Rosset picked out creative writer to destroy.[D] Rosset needed writers of powerful influence.3. According to the passage, the biggest achievement Rosset has made is[A] publishing Waiting for Godot.[B] defeating all the crisis.[C] winning the case of censorship.[D] producing successful films.4. Which of the following can best describe Barney Rosset?[A] He's the only publisher who dares to take risks.[B] He's an uncompromising man who favors obscenity books. [C] He's a stubborn man who doesn't care others' opinion. [D] He's a Nobel-prize winning American publisher.5. Tlie purpose of the writer in writing this passage is to[A] describe the changes Rosset bring to American publishing.[B] introduce Bamey Rosset, an American publisher.[C] show the development of Grove Press.[D] analyze what helps Rosset to be successful.iconic a.圣像的，偶像的nondescript a.⽆明显，特征⽽不易分类的 obscenity n.下流,** recess n.深处repression n.压抑，压制， sledge-hammer 长柄⼤锤 splinter v.分裂 whale away 猛打答案解析1. [A]修辞格题。
英语专八阅读理解试题附答案
英语专八阅读理解试题附答案2017年英语专八阅读理解试题附答案No trace of wings in the air, but I have been over.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年英语专八阅读理解试题附答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!Pageants are usually conceived on a fairly large scale, often under the auspices of some local or civic authority or at any rate in connection with local groups of some kind.This sometimes means that there is an allocation of funds available for the purpose of mounting the production, though unfortunately this will usually be found to be on the meager side and much ingenuity will have to be used to stretch it so that all performers can be adequately clothed.Most pageants have a historical flavour as they usually come about through the celebration of the anniversary of some event of historic importance, or the life or death of some local worthy.Research among archives and books in the public library will probably prove very useful and produce some workable ideas which will give the production an especially local flavour.From the first economy will have to be practiced because there are usually a great number of people to dress.Leading characters can be considered individually in the same way as when designing for a play; but the main body of the performers will need to be planned in groups and the massed effect must be always borne in mind.Many pageants take place in daylight in the open air.This is an entirely different problem from designing costumes which are going to be looked at under artificial lighting; for one thing, scenes viewed in the daylight are subject to many moredistractions.No longer is everything around cut out by the surrounding darkness, but instead it is very easy to be aware of disturbing movement in the audience of behind the performers.Very theatrically conceived clothes do not always look their best when seen in a daylight setting of trees, verdant lawns and old ivy-covered walls; the same goes for costumes being worn in front of the mellow colors of stately homes.The location needs to be studied and then a decision can be made as to what kinds of colors and textures will harmonize best with the surroundings and conditions and then to carry this out as far as possible on the funds available.If money is available to dress the performers without recourse to their own help in the provision of items, it is best to arrange for all the cutting and pinning together of the costumes to be done by one or two experienced people than to be given out to the groups and individuals for completion.When there is little or no money at all, the garments need to be reduced to the basic necessities.Cloaks and shawls become invaluable, sheets and large bath towels and bath sheets are admirable for draping.Unwanted curtains and bed spreads can be cut to make tunics, robes and skirts.These are particularly valuable if they are of heavy fabrics such as velvet or chenille.Colors should be massed together so that there are contrasting groups of dark and light, this will be found to help the visual result substantially.Crowds of people gathered together in a jumble of colors will be ground to look quite purposeless and will lack dramatic impact.The use of numbers of identical head-dresses, however simply made, are always effective when working with groups.If these are made of cardboard and painted boldly the cost can bealmost negligible.Helmets, hats and plumes will all make quite a show even if the costumes are only blandest or sheets cleverly draped.The same can be said of the use of banners, shields and poles with stiff pennants and garlands—anything which will help to have a unifying effect.Any kind of eye-catching device will always go with a flourish and add excitement to the scenes.1.The main idea of this passage is ___________[A]Pageants.[B]Costumes on the stage.[C]Costumes for pageants.[D] How to arrange a pageant.2.It can be inferred that the most important factor in costume design is ___________[A]money.[B]color.[C]harmony[D]texture3.Why will much ingenuity have to be required in costume design?[A]Because pageants take place in daylight in the open air.[B]Because different characters require different costumes.[C]Because the colors and textures must be in harmony with the setting.[D]Because an allocation of the funds available is usually rather small.4.Why do most pageants have a historical flavour?[A]Because most pageants take place for celebration.[B]Many pageants take place for amusement.[C]A lot of pageants take place for religion.[D]Because pageants usually take place for competition.答案：CBBD。
专八英语考试阅读试题及答案详解
专八英语考试阅读试题及答案详解2017年专八英语考试阅读试题及答案详解学习知识要善于思考、思考、再思考，我就是靠这个学习方法成为科学家的。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年专八英语考试阅读试题及答案详解，希望能给大家带来帮助!The Young GenerationOld people are always saying that the young are not whatthey were. The same comment is made from generation togeneration and it is always true. It has never been truer than it istoday. The young are better educated. They have a lot moremoney to spend and enjoy more freedom. They grow up morequickly and are not so dependent on their parents. They thinkmore for themselves and do not blindly accept the ideals of theirelders. Events which the older generation remembers vividly arenothing more than past history. This is as it should be. Every new generation is different from theone that preceded it. Today the difference is very marked indeed.The old always assume that they know best for the simple reason that they have been around abit longer. They don’t like to feel that their values are being questioned or threatened. And this isprecisely what the young are doing. They are question the assumptions of their elders anddisturbing their complacency. Office hours, for instance, are nothing more than enforced slavery.Wouldn’t people work best if they were given c omplete freedom and responsibility? And whatabout clothing? Who said that all the men in the world should wear drab grey suits and convicthaircuts? If we ruin our minds to more serious matters, who said that human differences can bestbe solved through conventional politics or by violent means, who said that humandifference canbest be solved through conventional politics or by violent means? Why have the older generationso often used violence to solve their problems? Why are they so unhappy and guilt-ridden in theirpersonal lives, so obsessed with mean ambitions and the desire to amass more and more materialpossessions? Can anything be right with the rat-race? Haven’t the old lost touch with all that isimportant in life?These are not questions the older generation can shrug off lightly. Their record over the pastforty years or so hasn’t been exactly spotless. Traditionally, the young have turned to their eldersfor guidance. Today, the situation might be reversed. The old—if they are prepared to admitit—could learn a thing or two from their children. One of the biggest lessons they could learn is thatenjoyment is not ‘sinful’. Enjoyment is a principle one could apply to all aspects of life. It is surelynot wrong to enjoy your work and enjoy your leisure; to shed restricting inhibitions. It is surely notwrong to live in the present rather than in the past or future. This emphasis on the present is onlyto be expected because the young have grown up under the shadow of the bomb: the constantthreat of complete annihilation. This is their glorious heritage. Can we be surprised that they shouldso often question the sanity of the generation that bequeathed it?1. Which of the following features in the young is NOT mentioned?[A] Better educated. [B] More money and freedom.[C] Independence. [D] Hard work.2. What so the young reject most?[A] Values. [B] The assumption of the elders.[C] Conformity. [C] Conventional ideas.3. Why do the young stress on the present?[A] They have grown up under the shadow of the bomb.[B] They dislike the past.[C] They think the present world is the best.[D] They are afraid of destruction.4. What can the old learn from the young generation?[A] Enjoyment is not sinful. [B] People should have more leisure time.[C] Men might enjoy life. [D] One should enjoy one’s work.答案详解：1. D. 艰苦工作。
2017年专业八级英语阅读长难句分析3
1. This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between expectations and meaning. (1994. 阅读. Text 3)【译⽂】这通常发⽣在阅读遇到难题，或是我们的阅读期望与实际意义不符的时候。
【析句】本句结构⽐较简单，主句This is……, 特别的是两个when引导的表语从句，when we are running into……,when mismatch is occurring……为并列关系，都在is后作句⼦的表语。
2. There is another conversation which from our point of view is equally important, and that is not to do with what is read but with how it is read. (1994. 阅读. Text 3)【译⽂】在我们看来，另外⼀种对话同样重要，这种对话与读什么⽆关，却关系到怎么读。
【析句】复合句，主句由两部分组成，第⼀部分是there be结构，there is another conversation，后⾯是which引导的定语从句which is equally important, from our point of view作插⼊语;第⼆部分是that is not to do with……but with……, what is read和how is read作宾语，与with构成介宾结构。
3. It is precisely this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are seeking to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a higher level. (1994. 阅读. Text 3)【译⽂】正是这种对话⽅式，对于提⾼我们的阅读能⼒以满⾜更⾼⽔平的学习所带来的新要求，极具重要性。
2017考研英语：英语阅读长难句阅读解析_毙考题
2017考研英语：英语阅读长难句阅读解析阅读是英语学习中非常重要的一部分，一方面是因为学英语首先要input，阅读是学习英语的基础，是获取知识的手段，更是提高英语水平的必经之路。
另一方面，因为阅读在各种考试中所占的比重都是很大的。
如果说英文水平可以划分为如下五个层次：acceptable level(可接受), communication level(可交流), accurate level(准确理解), fluent level (流利表达)and proficient level(精通), 希望可以短时间内提高到accurate level，并且为达到更高的水平打下基础。
考研阅读可以说是最难读懂的阅读之一，下面我们就来分析其特点：1.单词量大：有些单词恐怕这一辈子只能在考试中见到。
2.句型复杂：考研阅读专门将简单句型变成复杂句型，再加上混合了各种从句，有的句子长达6行。
3.题材广泛：有文学评论, 美国历史, 生命科学，经济分析等。
4.写作方法多样：有argument[评论]，proposition[命题]，description [描述]等。
5.写作思路迥异：有新旧观点型、现象解释型、结论解释型、问题解决型等。
6.结论出乎意料：通过前面的写作方法和写作思路，往往会导致结论与常理相反。
针对考研阅读的特点，怎样才能读懂考研英语的阅读呢?考研阅读并不只是单纯的语言考试，而是测试思维能力的考试测试解决问题的能力。
对于考研阅读而言，正确选项必是原文提供的信息，并是所有可供选择的选项中最好的一个。
这就要求我们根据原文的内容及选项之间的区别来答题。
所以我们不能将解题重点浪费在无关的内容上，而是尽快获取解题所需信息，然后将注意力集中在读问题和比选项上，才能在保证答题的正确率的同时节约时间。
可见，读懂的关键就是对阅读文章的正确理解与记忆，培养新的阅读习惯。
我们必须在阅读的过程中注重对文章的内容记忆，而非花大量精力去理解文章所隐含的逻辑关系，即我们所要记住的是文章说了些什么事情，而不是为什么要说这些事情。
英语专业八级测试中英语长难句的处理
英语专业八级测试中英语长难句的处理【摘要】阅读理解在英语专业八级测试中是比重较大，难度较强的一部分，而阅读理解的难度很大程度上体现在对英语长难句的理解和测试。
针对英语长难句的结构和特征，结构分析法应运而生。
其致力于英语长句结构的分析和处理，简化英语长句，理清句子层次，分辨意群关系并综合理解语意。
本文尝试在英语专业八级阅读理解测试中应用结构分析法处理阅读理解中的三类主要题型：细节题、推理题和主旨题以达到对语篇的有效理解，提高英语专八的应试能力。
【关键词】英语专业八级阅读理解测试；结构分析法；英语长句【Abstract】Reading comprehension is high-proportioned and difficult part in TEM8 tests. And the difficulty is largely demonstrated in the understanding and testing of long English sentences. The method of structural analysis comes out according to the structure and features of long English sentences. It works at the analysis and treatment the structures of long English sentences，simplifying long English sentences，sorting out sentence levels，identifying relations between meaning units and achieving a comprehensive understanding of the sentences. This paper is to apply the method of structure analysis in the reading comprehension in TEM8 tests to deal with the three main types of questions：questions on details，questions of reasoning and questions on the main idea of the passage in order to achieave an effective comprehension of the discourse and improve students’examination skills in TEM8 tests.【Key words】Reading comprehension in TEM8 tests；The method of structure analysis；Long English sentences0 引言本文系绍兴市教育科学2013年规划课题“TEM8考试中英语长难句的理解及翻译研究”（SGJ13058）的研究成果之一，展示英语专业八级测试中英语长难句的处理方法。
17年专八英语考试阅读理解备考训练试题及拓展解析
17年专八英语考试阅读理解备考训练试题及拓展解析17年专八英语考试阅读理解备考训练试题及拓展解析人生是一个不断学习的过程，在这个漫长的过程中，我们学会了做人的道理，学会了如何生存，学会了享受这一切，但不是人人都享受这种漫长的学习。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的17年专八英语考试阅读理解备考训练试题及拓展解析，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!The Only Way to Travel is on Foot精读原文：The past ages of man have all been carefully labeledby anthropologists. Descriptions like 'PalaeolithicMan', 'Neolithic Man', etc., neatly sum up wholeperiods. When the time comes for anthropologists to turn their attention to the twentiethcentury, they will surely choose the label'Legless Man'. Histories of the time will go somethinglike this: 'in the twentieth century, people forgot how to use their legs. Men and women movedabout in cars, buses and trains from a very early age. There were lifts and escalators in all largebuildings to prevent people from walking. This situation was forced upon earth dwellers of thattime because of miles each day. But the surprising thing is that they didn't use their legs evenwhen they went on holiday. They built cable railways, ski-lifts and roads to the top of everyhuge mountain. All the beauty spots on earth were marred by the presence of large car parks.'The future history books might also record that we were deprived of the use of our eyes. In ourhurry to get from one place to another, we failed to see anything on the way. Air travel givesyou a bird's-eye view of the world – or even less if the wing of the aircraft happens to get inyour way. When you travel by car or train a blurred image of the countryside constantlysmears thewindows. Car drivers, in particular, are forever obsessed with the urge to go onand on: they never want to stop. Is it the lure of the great motorways, or what? And as for seatravel, it hardly deserves mention. It is perfectly summed up in the words of the old song: 'Ijoined the navy to see the world, and what did I see? I saw the sea.' The typical twentieth-century traveler is the man who always says 'I've been there.'You mention the remotest, mostevocative place-names in the world like El Dorado, Kabul, Irkutsk and someone is bound to say'I've been there'–meaning, 'I drove through it at 100 miles an hour on the way to somewhereelse. ' When you travel at high speeds, the present means nothing: you live mainly in the futurebecause you spend most of your time looking forward to arriving at some other place. Butactual arrival, when it is achieved, is meaningless. You want to move on again. By traveling likethis, you suspend all experience; the present ceases to be a reality: you might just as well bedead. The traveler on foot, on the other hand, lives constantly in the present. For him travelingand arriving are one and the same thing: he arrives somewhere with every step he makes. Heexperiences the present moment with his eyes, his ears and the whole of his body. At the endof his journey he feels a delicious physical weariness. He knows that sound. Satisfying sleepwill be his: the just reward of all true travellers.【阅读练习题】1、Anthorpologists label nowaday's men 'Legless' becauseA people forget how to use his legs.B people prefer cars, buses and trains.C lifts and escalators prevent people from walking.D there are a lot of transportation devices.2、Travelling at high speed meansA people's focus on the future.B a pleasure.C satisfying drivers' great thrill.D a necessity of life.3、Why does the author say 'we are deprived of the use of our eyes' ?A People won't use their eyes.B In traveling at high speed, eyes become useless.C People can't see anything on his way of travel.D People want to sleep during travelling.4、What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?A Legs become weaker.B Modern means of transportation make the world a small place.C There is no need to use eyes.D The best way to travel is on foot.5. What does 'a bird's-eye view' mean?A See view with bird's eyes.B A bird looks at a beautiful view.C It is a general view from a high position looking down.D A scenic place.【答案详解】1.A 人们忘了用脚。
2017年英语专业八级真题及解析
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2017)— GRADE EIGHTPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONTIME LIMIT: 150 MIN [25 MIN]SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheetfor note-taking.You have THIRTYseconds to preview the gap-filling task. Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given TH邸'E minutes to check your work.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear TWO interviews. At the end of each interview, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interviews and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-secondpause. During the pause, you should read thefour choices ofA, B, C andD, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEETTWO.You have THIRTYseconds to preview the choices.Now, listen to thefirst interview. Questions I to 5 are based on thefirst interview.1. A. Comprehensive. B. Disheartening.C. Encouraging.D. Optimistic.2. A. 200.B. 70.C. 10.D. 500.3. A. Lack of international funding.B. Inadequate training of medical personnel.C. Ineffectiveness of treatment efforts.D. Insufficient operational efforts on the ground.4. A. They can start education programs for local people.B. They can open up more treatment units.C. They can provide proper treatment to patients.D. They can become professional.5. A. Provision ofmedical facilities.B. Assessment from international agencies.C. Ebola outpacing operational efforts.D. Effective treatment ofEbola.Now, listen to the second interview. Questions 6 to 10 are based on the second interview.6. A. Interpreting the changes from different sources. B. Analyzing changes from the Internet for customers.C. Using media information to inspire new ideas.D. Creating things from changes in behavior, media, etc.7. A. Knowing previous success stories.B. Being brave and willing to take a risk.C. Being sensitive to business data.D. Being aware of what is interesting.8. A. Having people take a risk.B. Aiming at a consumer level.C. Using messages to do things.D. Focusing on data-based ideas.9. A. Looking for opportunities.B. Considering a starting point.C. Establishing the focal point.D. Examining the future carefully.10. A. A media agency.B. An Internet company.C. A venture capital firm.D. A behavioral study center.PART II READING COMPREHENSION[45 MIN]SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there arefour suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1) It's 7 pm on a balmy Saturday night in June, and I have just ordered my first beer in I Cervejaria, a restaurant in Zambujeira do Mar, one of the prettiest villages on Portugal's south-west coast. The place is empty, but this doesn't surprise me at all. I have spent two weeks in this area, driving along empty roads, playing with my son on empty beaches, and staying in B&Bs where we are the only guests.(2) No doubt the restaurant, run by two brothers for the past 28 years, is buzzing in July and August, when Portuguese holidaymakers descend on the Alentejo coast. But for the other 10 months of the year, the trickle of diners who come to feast on fantastically fresh seafood reflects the general pace of life in the Alentejo: sleepy, bordering on comatose.(3) One of the poorest, least-developed, least-populated regions in western Europe, the Alentejo has been dubbed both the Provence and the Tuscany of Portugal. Neither is accurate. Its scenery is not as pretty and, apart from in the capital Evora, its food isn't as sophisticated. The charms of this land of wheat fields, cork oak forests, wildflower meadows and tiny white-washed villages, are more subtle than in France or Italy's poster regions.(4) To travel here is to step back in time 40 or 50 years. Life rolls along at a treacly pace; there's an unnerving stillness to the landscape. But that stillness ends abruptly at the Atlantic Ocean, where there is drama in spade. Protected by the South West Alentejo and Costa Vicentina national park, the 100 km of coastline from Porto Covo in the Alentejo to Burgau in the Algarve is the most stunning in Europe. And yet few people seem to know about it. Walkers come to admire the views from the Fisherman's Way, surfers to ride the best waves in Europe, but day after day we had spectacular beaches to ourselves.(5) The lack of awareness is partly a matter of accessibility (these beaches are a good two hours' drive from either Faro or Lisbon airports) and partly to do with a lack of beach side accommodation. There are some gorgeous, independent guesthouses in this area, but they are hidden in valleys or at the end of dirt tracks.(6) Our base was a beautiful 600-acre estate of uncultivated land covered in rock-rose, eucalyptus and wild flowers 13km inland from Zambujeira. Our one-bedroom home, Azenha, was once home to the2miller who tended the now-restored watermill next to it. A kilometre away from the main house, pool and restaurant, it is gloriously isolated.— (7) Stepping out of the house in the morning to greet our neighbours wild horses on one side,donkeys on the other--with nothing but birdsong filling the air, I felt a sense of adventure you normally only get with wild camping.(8) "When people first arrive, they feel a little anxious wondering what they are going to do the whole time," Sarah Gredley, the English owner of estate, told me. "But it doesn't usually take them longto realize that the whole point of being here is to slow down, to enjoy nature."(9) We followed her advice, walking down to the stream in search of terrapins and otters, orthrough clusters of cork oak trees. On some days, we tramped uphill to the windmill, now a romantichouse for two, for panoramic views across the estate and beyond.— (10) When we ventured out, we were always drawn back to the coast the gentle sands andshallow bay of Farol beach. At the end of the day, we would head, sandy-footed, to the nearest restaurant,— knowing that at every one there would be a cabinet full of fresh seafood to choose from bass, salmon,lobster, prawns, crabs, goose barnacles, clams … We never ate the same thing twice. (11) A kilometre or so from I Cervejaria, on Zambujeira's idyllic natural harbour is O Sacas,originally built to feed the fishermen but now popular with everyone. After eating platefuls of seafoodon the terrace, we wandered down to the harbour where two fishermen, in wetsuits, were setting out by boat across the clear turquoise water to collect goose barnacles. Other than them, the place was deserted—just another empty beauty spot where I wondered for the hundredth time that week how this pristinestretch of coast has remained so undiscovered.11. The first part of Para. 4 refers to the fact that.A. life there is quiet and slowB. the place is little knownC. the place is least populatedD. there are stunnmg views12. "The lack ofawareness" in Para. 5 refers to.A. different holidaying preferencesB. difficulty of finding accommodationC. little knowledge of the beauty ofthe beach D. long distance from the airports13. The author uses "gloriously" in Para. 6 to.A. describe the scenery outside the houseB. show appreciation of the surroundingsC. contrast greenery with isolationD. praise the region's unique feature14. The sentence "We never ate the same thing twice" in Para. 10 reflects theof the seafoodthere.A. FreshnessB. delicacyC. TasteD. variety15. Which of the following themes is repeated in both Paras. 1 and 11?A. Publicity.B. Landscape.C. Seafood.D. Accommodation.PASSAGE TWO(1) I can still remember the faces when I suggested a method of dealing with what most teachers of English considered one of their pet horrors, extended reading. The room was full of tired teachers, and many were quite cynical about the offer to work together to create a new and dynamic approach to the place of stories in the classroom.(2) They had seen promises come and go and mere words weren't going to convince them, which3was a shame as it was mere words that we were principally dealing with. Most teachers were unimpressed by the extended reading challenge from the Ministry, and their lack of enthusiasm for the rather dry list of suggested tales was passed on to their students and everyone was pleased when that part of the syllabus was over. It was simply a box ticking exercise. We needed to do something more. We needed a very different approach.(3) That was ten years ago. Now we have a different approach, and it works. Here's how it happened (or, like most good stories, here are the main parts. You have to fill in some of yourself employing that underused classroom device, the imagination.) We started with three mainprecepts:(4) First, it is important to realize that all of us are storytellers, tellers of tales. We all have our own— narratives the real stories such as what happened to us this morning or last night, and the ones we havebeen told by others and we haven't experienced personally. We could say that our entire lives are constructed as narratives. As a result, we all understand and instinctively feel narrative structure.— Binary opposites for example, the tension created between good and bad together with the resolution — of that tension through the intervention of time, resourcefulness and virtue is a concept understood byeven the youngest children. Professor Kieran Egan, in his seminal book "Teaching as Storytelling" warns us not to ignore this innate skill, for it is a remarkable tool forlearning.(5) We need to understand that writing and reading are two sides of the same coin: an author has not completed the task if the book is not read: the creative circle is not complete without the reader, who will supply their own creative input to the process. Samuel Johnson said: A writer only begins a book. A reader finishes it. In teaching terms, we often forget that reading itself can be a creative process, just as 面ting is, and we too often relegate it to a means of data collection. We frequently forget to make that distinction when presenting narratives or poetry, and often ask comprehension questions which relate to— factual information who said what and when, rather than speculating on "why", for example, orexamining the context of the action. (6) The third part of the reasoning that we adopted relates to the need to engage the students asreaders in their own right, not as simply as language learners; learning the language is part of the process, not the reason for reading. What they read must become theirs and have its own special and secret life in their heads, a place where teachers can only go ifinvited.(7) We quickly found that one of the most important ways of making all the foregoing happen was to engage the creative talents of the class before they read a word of the text. The pre-reading activities become the most important part of the teaching process; the actual reading part can almost be seen as the cream on the cake, and the principle aim of pre-reading activities is to get students to want to read the text. We developed a series of activities which uses clues or fragments from the text yet to be read, and which rely on the student's innate knowledge of narrative, so that they can to build their own stories before they read the key text. They have enough information to generate ideas but not so much that it becomes simply an exercise in guided writing; releasing a free imagination is the objective.(8) Moving from pre-reading to reading, we may introduce textual intervention activities. "Textual Intervention" is a term used by Rob Pope to describe the process of questioning a text not simply as a guide to comprehension but as a way of exploring the context of the story at any one time, and examining points at which the narrative presents choices, points of divergence, or narrative crossroads. We don't do this for all texts, however, as the shorter ones do not seem to gain much from this process and it simply breaks up the reading pleasure.(9) Follow-up activities are needed, at the least, to round off the activity, to bring some sense of closure but they also offer an opportunity to link the reading experience more directly to the requirements of the syllabus. Indeed, the story may have been chosen in the first place because the— context supports one of the themes that teachers are required to examine as part of the syllabus for4example, "families", "science and technology", "communications", "the environment" and all the other familiar themes.For many teachers, this is an essential requirement if they are to engage in such extensive reading at all.— — (10) The whole process pre-, while and post reading could be just an hour's activity, or it couldlast for more than one lesson. When we are designing the materials for exploring stories clearly it is isn't possible for us to know how much time any teacher will have available, which is why we construct the activities into a series of independent units which we call kits. They are called kits because we expect teachers to build their own lessons out of the materials we provide, which implies that large amounts may be discarded. What we do ask, though, is that the pre-reading activities be included, if nothing else. That is essential for the process to engage the student as a creative reader.(11) One of the purposes of encouraging a creative reading approach in the language classroom is to do with the dynamics we perceive in the classroom. Strategic theorists tell us of the social trinity, whereby three elements are required to achieve a dynamic in any social situation. In the language classroom these might be seen as consisting of the student, the teacher and the language. Certainly from— — the perspective of the student and usually from the perspective of the teacher the relationship is anunequal one, with the language being perceived as placed closer to the teacher than the student. This will result in less dynamic between language and student than between language and teacher. However, if we replace "language" with narrative and especially if that is approached as a creative process that draws the student in so that they feel they "own" the relationship with the text. Then this will shift the dynamic— in the classroom so that the student, who has now become a reader, is much closer to the language or — narrative than previously. This creates a much more effective dynamic of learning. However, someteachers feel threatened by this apparent loss of overall control and mastery. Indeed, the whole business of open ended creativity and a lack of boxes to tick for the correct answer is quite unsettling territory for some to find themselves in.16. It can be inferred from Paras. 1 and 2 that teachers used to A. oppose strongly the teaching of extended reading B. be confused over how to teach extended reading C. be against adopting new methods ofteaching D. teach extended reading in a perfunctory way17. The sentence "we all understand and instinctivelyfeel narrative structure" in Para. 4 indicates thatA. we are good at telling storiesB. we all like telling storiesC. we are born story-tellersD. we all like hstemng to stones18. Samuel Johnson regards the relationship between a writer and areader as(Para. 5).A. IndependentB. collaborativeC. ContradictoryD. reciprocal19. In Para. 7, the author sees "pre-reading" as the most important part ofreading because.A."1t encourages students 1magmat10nc.·1t can attract students'attentionB. it lays a good foundation for reading D. it provides clues to the text to be read20. "TextualIntervention" suggested by Rob Pope (in Para. 8) is expected to fulfill all the followingfunctions EXCEPTA. exploring the contextB. interpreting ambiguitiesC. stretching the imaginationD. examining the structure5PASSAGE THREE(1) Once again, seething, residual anger has burst forth in an American city. And the riots that overtook Los Angeles were a reminder of what knowledgeable observers have been saying for a quarter century: America will continue paying a high price in civil and ethnic unrest unless the nation commits itself to programs that help the urban poor lead productive and respectable lives.(2) Once again, a proven program is worth pondering: national service. (3) Somewhat akin to the military training that generations of American males received in the armed forces, a 1990s version would prepare thousands of unemployable and undereducated young adults for quality lives in our increasingly global and technology-driven economy. National service opportunities would be available to any who needed it and, make no mistake, the problems are now so structural, so intractable, that any solution will require massive federal intervention. (4) In his much quoted book, "The Truly Disadvantaged," sociologist William Julius Wilson wrote that "only a major program of economic reform " will prevent the riot-prone urban underclass from being permanently locked out of American economic life. Today, we simply have no choice. The enemy within and among our separate ethnic selves is as daunting as any foreign foe. (5) Families who are rent apart by welfare dependency, job discrimination and intense feelings of alienation have produces minority teenagers with very little self-discipline and little faith that good grades and the American work ethic will pay off. A military-like environment for them with practical domestic objectives could produce startling results. (6) Military service has been the most successful career training program we've ever known, and American children born in the years since the all-volunteer Army was instituted make up a large proportion of this targeted group. But this opportunity may disappear forever if too many of our military bases are summarily closed and converted or sold to the private sector. The facilities, manpower, traditions, and capacity are already in place. (7) Don't dismantle it: rechannel it. (8) Discipline is a cornerstone of any responsible citizen's life. I was taught it by my father, who was a policeman. Many of the rioters have never had any at all. As an athlete and former Army officer, I know that discipline can be learned. More importantly, it must be learned or it doesn't take hold. (9) A precedent for this approach was the Civilian Conservation Corps that worked so well during the Great Depression. My father enlisted in the CCC as a young man with an elementary school education and he learned invaluable skills that served him well throughout his life. The key was that a job was waiting for him when he finished. The certainty of that first entry-level position is essential if severely alienated young minority men and women are to keep the faith. (10) We all know these are difficult times for the public sector, but here's the chance to add energetic and able manpower to America's workforce. They could be prepared for the world of work or— college an offer similar to that made to returning GI after Word War IL It would be achance for 16- to 21-year-olds to live among other cultures, religions, races and in different geographical areas. And these young people could be taught to rally around common goals and friendships that evolve— out of pride in one's squad, platoon, company, battalion or commander.(11) We saw such images during the Persian Gulf War and during the NACC Final Four basketball games. In military life and competitive sports, this camaraderie doesn't just happen; it is taught and learned in an atmosphere of discipline and earned mutual respect for each other's capabilities.(12) A national service program would also help overcome two damaging perceptions held by America's disaffected youth: the society just doesn't care about minority youngsters and that one's personal best efforts will not be rewarded in our discriminatory job market. Harvard professor Robert6Reich's research has shown that urban social ills are so pervasive that the upper 20 percent of Americans— — the "fortunate fifth" as he calls them have decided quietly to "secede" from the bottom four-fifthsand the lowest fifth in particular. We cannot accept such estrangement on a permanent basis. And what better way to answer skeptics from any group than by certifying the technical skills of graduates from a national service training program?(13) Now, we must act decisively to forestall future urban unrest. Republicans must put aside their aversion to funding programs aimed at certain cultural groups. Democrats must forget labels and— — recognize that a geographically isolated subgroup of Americans their children in particular needsystematic and substantive assistance for at least another 20 years. (14) The ethnic taproots of minority Americans are deeply buried in a soil of faith and loyalty totraditional values. With its emphasis on discipline, teamwork, conflict resolution, personal responsibility and marketable skills development, national service can provide both the training and that vital first job that will reconnect these Americans to the rest of us. Let's do it before the fire next time.21. According to the author, "national service" is comparable to "military training" because they bothcultivate youngers'A. good gradesB. self disciplineC. mutual trustD. work ethic22. The author cites the example of his father in order to show.A. the importance of disciplineB. the importance of educationC. the necessity of having strong faithD. the effectiveness of the program23. According to the author, a national service program can bring the following benefits to America'syoungsters EXCEPT.A. 'mcrease m mcomeB. a sense of responsibilityC. confidence and hopeD. practical work skills24. According to the context, what does "the fire" refer to (Para. 14)?A. Discrimination.B. Anger.C. Riots.D. Aversion.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short answer questions based on the passages in SECTIONA. Answer each question in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the spaceprovided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE 25. What does Para. 2 tell us about the restaurant business on the Alentejo coast throughout the year? 26. According to Para. 5, what are the two main reasons of the Alentejo'sinaccessibility?PASSAGE TWO 27. What does "It was simply a box ticking exercise" mean in Para. 2? 28. Paras. 4-6 propose three main precepts for the now approach. Please use ONE phrase to summarize each of the three precepts. 29. What does the author suggest to shift the dynamic in the classroom (Para. 11)?PASSAGE THREE 30. What is the purpose of the program proposed by the author (Paras. 1-3)?731. What does the word "it" in "Don't dismantle it: rechannel it." refer to (Para. 7)? 32. What do Robert Reich's findings imply (Para. 12)?PARTIII LANGUAGE USAGE[15 MIN]The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum ofONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You shouldproof-read the passage and correct it in thefollowing way:For a Yi皿逗 word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a " /\ " sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line. For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash "/" and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.Example When /\ art museum wants a new exhibit,It 沪 buys things in finished form and hangsthem on the wall. When a natural history museum wants an exhibition, it must often build it.(1) an (2) never(3) exhibitProofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET THREE as instructed.PARTIV TRANSLATION[20 MIN]Translate the underlined part ofthefollowing textfrom Chinese into English. Write y our translation onANSWER SHEET THREE.我小的时候特别盼望过年，往往是一过 了腊 月，就开始 痀 着指头数日子 。
英语专业八级阅读练习及答案参考
英语专业八级阅读练习及答案参考2017年英语专业八级阅读练习及答案参考攀登者智慧和汗水，构思着一首信念和意志的`长诗。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年英语专业八级阅读练习及答案参考，希望能给大家带来帮助，He was an old man with a white beard and huge nose and hands. Long before the time during which we will know him, he was a doctor and drove a jaded white horse from house to house through the streets of Winesburg. Later he married a girl who had money. She had been left a large fertile farm when her father died. The girl was quiet, tall, and dark, and to many people she seemed very beautiful. Everyone in Winesburg wondered why she married the doctor. Within a year after the marriage she died.The knuckles of the doctor's hands were extraordinarily large. When the hands were closed they looked like clusters of unpainted wooden balls as large as walnuts fastened together by steel rods. He smoked a cob pipe and after his wife's death sat all day in his empty office close by a window that was covered with cobwebs. He never opened the window. Once on a hot day in August he tried but found it stuck fast and after that he forgot all about it.Winesburg had forgotten the old man, but in Doctor Reefy there were the seeds of something very fine. Alone in his musty office in the Heffner Block above the Paris Dry Goods Company's store, he worked ceaselessly, building up something that he himself destroyed. Little pyramids of truth he erected and after erecting knocked them down again that he might have the truths to erect other pyramids.Doctor Reefy was a tall man who had worn one suit of clothesfor ten years. It was frayed at the sleeves and little holes had appeared at the knees and elbows. In the office he wore also a linen duster with huge pockets into which he continually stuffed scraps of paper. After some weeks the scraps of paper became little hard round balls, and when the pockets were filled he dumped them out upon the floor. For ten years he had but one friend, another old man named John Spaniard who owned a tree nursery. Sometimes, in a playful mood, old Doctor Reefy took from his pockets a handful of the paper balls and threw them at the nursery man. "'That is to confound you, you blithering old sentimentalist," he cried, shaking with laughter.The story of Doctor Reefy and his courtship of the tall dark girl who became his wife and left her money to him is a very curious story. It is delicious, like the twisted little apples that grow in the orchards of Winesburg. In the fall one walks in the orchards and the ground is hard with frost underfoot. The apples have been taken from the trees by the pickers. They have been put in barrels and shipped to the cities where they will be eaten in apartments that are filled with books, magazines, furniture, and people. On the trees are only a few gnarled apples that the pickers have rejected. They look like the knuckles of Doctor Reefy' s hands. One nibbles at them and they are delicious. Into a little round place at the side of the apple has been gathered all of its sweetness. One runs from tree to tree over the frosted ground picking the gnarled, twisted apples and filling his pockets with them. Only the few know the sweetness of the twisted apples.The girl and Doctor Reefy began their courtship on a summer afternoon. He was forty-five then and already he had begun the practice of filling his pockets with the scraps of paper that became hard balls and were thrown away. The habit had beenformed as he sat in his buggy behind the jaded grey horse and went slowly along country roads. On the papers were written thoughts, ends of thoughts, beginnings of thoughts.One by one the mind of Doctor Reefy had made the thoughts. Out of many of them he formed a truth that arose gigantic in his mind. The truth clouded the world. It became terrible and then faded away and the little thoughts began again.The tall dark girl came to see Doctor Reefy because she was in the family way and had become frightened. She was in that condition because of a series of circumstances also curious.The death of her father and mother and the rich acres of land that had come down to her had set a train of suitors on her heels. For two years she saw suitors almost every evening. Except two they were all alike. They talked to her of passion and there was a strained eager quality in their voices and in their eyes when they looked at her. The two who were different were much unlike each other. One of them, a slender young man with white hands, the son of a jeweler in Winesburg, talked continually of virginity. When he was with her he was never off the subject. The other, a black-haired boy with large ears, said nothing at all but always managed to get her into the darkness, where he began to kiss her.For a time the tall dark girl thought she would marry the jeweler's son. For hours she sat in silence listening as he talked to her and then she began to be afraid of something. Beneath his talk of virginity she began to think there was a lust greater than in all the others. At times it seemed to her that as he talked he was holding her body in his hands. She imagined him turning it slowly about in the white hands and staring at it. At night she dreamed that he had bitten into her body and that his jaws weredripping. She had the dream three times, then she became in the family way to the one who said nothing at all but who in the moment of his passion actually did bite her shoulder so that for days the marks of his teeth showed.After the tall dark girl came to know Doctor Reefy it seemed to her that she never wanted to leave him again. She went into his office one morning and without her saying anything he seemed to know what had happened to her.In the office of the doctor there was a woman, the wife of the man who kept the bookstore in Winesburg. Like all old-fashioned country practitioners, Doctor Reefy pulled teeth, and the woman who waited held a handkerchief to her teeth and groaned. Her husband was with her and when the tooth was taken out they both screamed and blood ran down on the woman's white dress. The tall dark girl did not pay any attention. When the woman and the man had gone the doctor smiled. "I will take you driving into the country with me," he said.For several weeks the tall dark girl and the doctor were together almost every day. The condition that had brought her to him passed in an illness, but she was like one who has discovered the sweetness of the twisted apples, she could not get her mind fixed again upon the round perfect fruit that is eaten in the city apartments. In the fall after the beginning of her acquaintanceship with him she married Doctor Reefy and in the following spring she died. During the winter he read to her all of the odds and ends of thoughts he had scribbled on the bits of paper. After he had read them he laughed and stuffed them away in his pockets to become round hard balls.1.According to the story Doctor Reefy's life seems very __________.A. eccentricB. normalC. enjoyableD. optimistic2.The story tells us that the tall dark girl was in the family way. The phrase "in the family way" means____________.A. troubledB. PregnantC. twistedD. cheated3.Doctor Reef lives a ___________ life.A. happyB. miserableC. easy-goingD. reckless4. The tall dark girl's marriage to Doctor Reef proves to be a _____ one.A. transientB. understandableC. perfectD. funny5. Doctor Reef's paper balls probably symbolize his ______.A. eagerness to shut himself away from societyB. suppressed desire to communicate with peopleC. optimism about lifeD. cynical attitude towards life参考答案:A B B A B。
2017年英语专八考试阅读理解练习试题及答案
As Gilbert White，Darwin， and others observed long ago， all species appear to have the innate capacity to increase their numbers from generation to generation. The task for ecologists is to untangle the environmental and biological factors that hold this intrinsic capacity for population growth in check over the long run. The great variety of dynamic behaviors exhibited by different population makes this task more difficult： some populations remain roughly constant from year to year; others exhibit regular cycles of abundance and scarcity; still others vary wildly， with outbreaks and crashes that are in some cases plainly correlated with the weather， and in other cases not.To impose some order on this kaleidoscope of patterns， one school of thought proposes dividing populations into two groups. These ecologists posit that the relatively steady populations have density-dependent growth parameters; that is，rates of birth， death， and migration which depend strongly on population density. The highly varying populations have density-independent growth parameters， with vital rates buffeted by environmental events;these rates fluctuate in a way that is wholly independent of population density.This dichotomy has its uses， but it can cause problems if taken too literally. For one thing， no population can be driven entirely by density-independent factors all the time. No matter how severely or unpredictably birth， death， and migration rates may be fluctuating around their long-term averages， if there were no density-dependent effects， the population would， in the long run， either increase or decrease without bound (barring a miracle by which gains and losses canceled exactly)。
2017专八英语真题阅读理解B句子成分分析
(1) I can still remember the faces when I suggested a method of dealing with 宾语what most teachers of English considered one of their pet horrors, 同位语extended reading. The room was full of tired teachers, and many were quite cynical about the offer 定语to work together to create a new and dynamic approach to the place of stories in the classroom.(2) They had seen promises come and go and mere words weren't going to convince them, 定语which was a shame as it was mere words 强调句that we were principally dealing with. Most teachers were unimpressed by the extended reading challenge from the Ministry, and their lack of enthusiasm for the rather dry list of suggested tales主语was passed on to their students and everyone was pleased when that part of the syllabus was over. It was simply a box ticking exercise. We needed to do something more. We needed a very different approach.(3) That was ten years ago. Now we have a different approach, and it works. Here s how it happened (or, like most good stories, here are the main parts. You have to fill in some of yourself employing that underused classroom device, the imagination.) We started with three main precepts:(4) First, it is important to realize that all of us are storytellers, tellers of tales. We all have our own narratives the real stories 定语such as what happened to us this morning or last night, and the ones 定语we have been told by others and we haven t experienced personally. We could say that our entire lives are constructed as narratives. As a result we all understand and instinctively feel narrative structure. Binary opposites 独立成分for example, the tension created between good and bad together with the resolution of that tension through the intervention of time, resourcefulness and virtue is a concept 定语understood by even the youngest children. Professor Kieran Egan, in his seminal book Teaching as Storytelling warns us not to ignore this innate skill, for it is a remarkable tool for learning.(5) We need to understand that writing and reading are two sides of the same coin: an author has not completed the task if the book is not read: the creative circle is not complete without the reader, 定语who will supply their own creative input to the process. Samuel Johnson said: A writer only begins a book. A reader finishes it. In teaching terms, we often forget that reading itself can be a creative process, just as writing is, and we too often relegate it to a means of data collection. Wefrequently forget to make that distinction when presenting narratives or poetry, and often ask comprehension questions 定语which relate to factual information who said what and when, rather than speculating on why , for example, or examining the context of the action.(6) The third part of the reasoning 定语that we adopted relates to the need 独立成分to engage the students as readers in their own right, not as simply as language learners; learning the language is part of the process, not the reason for reading. What they read must become theirs and have its own special and secret life in their heads, a place 定语where teachers can only go if invited.(7) We quickly found that 主语one of the most important ways of making all the foregoing happen was 表语to engage the creative talents of the class before they read a word of the text. The pre-reading activities become the most important part of the teaching process; the actual reading part can almost be seen as the cream on the cake, and the principle aim of pre-reading activities is to get students to want to read the text. We developed a series of activities 定语which uses clues or fragments from the text yet to be read, and 定语which rely on the student s innate knowledge of narrative, so that they canbuild their own stories before they read the key text. They have enough information to generate ideas but not so much that it becomes simply an exercise in guided writing; releasing a free imagination is the objective.(8) Moving from pre-reading to reading, we may introduce textual intervention activities. Textual Intervention is a term used 状语by Rob Pope状语to describe the process of questioning a text (状语not simply as a guide to comprehension but as a way of 宾语exploring the context of the story at any one time, and 宾语examining points 定语at which the narrative presents choices, points of divergence, or narrative crossroads). We don t do this for all texts, however, as the shorter ones do not seem to gain much from this process and it simply breaks up the reading pleasure.(9) Follow-up activities are needed, at the least, to round off the activity, to bring some sense of closure but they also offer an opportunity 定语to link the reading experience more directly to the requirements of the syllabus. Indeed, the story may have been chosen in the first place because the context supports one of the themes that teachers are required to examine as part of the syllabus for example, families , science and technology , communications , theenvironment and all the other familiar themes定语. There are very few stories 定语that can t be explored without some part of the syllabus being supported. For many teachers this is an essential requirement if they are to engage in such extensive reading at all.(10) The whole process pre-, while and post reading could be just an hour s activity, or it could last for more than one lesson. When we are designing the materials for exploring stories clearly it is isn t possible for us to know how much time 定语any teacher will have available, which is why we construct the activities into a series of independent units which we call kits. They are called kits because we expect teachers to build their own lessons out of the materials 定语we provide, which implies that large amounts may be discarded. What we do ask, though, is that the pre-reading activities be included, if nothing else. That is essential for the process to engage the student as a creative reader..(11) One of the purposes of encouraging a creative reading approach in the language classroom is to do with the dynamics 定语we perceive in the classroom. Strategic theorists tell us of the social trinity, whereby three elements are required to achieve a dynamic in any social situation. In the languageclassroom these might be seen as consisting of the student, the teacher and the language. Certainly from the perspective of the student and usually from the perspective of the teacher the relationship is an unequal one,状语with the language being perceived as placed closer to the teacher than the student. This will result in less dynamic between language and student than between language and teacher. （超长句However, if we replace language with narrative and especially if that is approached as a creative process 定语that draws the student in so that they feel they own the relationship with the text, then主句this will shift the dynamic in the classroom so that the student, 定语who has now become a reader, is much closer to the language or narrative than previously.）This creates a much more effective dynamic of learning. However, some teachers feel threatened by this apparent loss of overall control and mastery. Indeed, 主语the whole business of open ended creativity and a lack of boxes to tick for the correct answer is quite unsettling territory for some to find themselves in.1.It can be inferred from Paras. 1 and 2 that teachers used to______.A.oppose strongly the teaching of extended readingB.be confused over how to teach extended readingC.be against adopting new methods of teachingD.teach extended reading in a perfunctory way2.The sentence we all understand and instinctively feelnarrative structure in Para. 4 indicates that ______.A.we are good at telling storiesB.we all like telling storiesC.we are born story-tellersD.we all like listening to stories3.Samuel Johnson regards the relationship between a writerand a reader as ______ (Para. 5).A.independentB.collaborativeC.contradictoryD.reciprocal4.In Para. 7, the author sees pre-reading as the mostimportant part of reading because _____.A.it encourages students imaginationB.it lays a good foundation for readingC.it can attract students attentionD.it provides clues to the text to be read5. Textual Intervention suggested by Rob Pope (in Para. 8) isexpected to fulfill all the following functions EXCEPT ______.A.exploring the contextB.interpreting ambiguitiesC.stretching the imaginationD.examining the structure。
2017考研英语真题中6类长难句及解析必背 (1)
2017考研英语：真题中6类长难句及解析必背考研英语阅读长难句是考察点，对于长难句的解读是考生面临的1个难题，下面凯程网考研频道整合了真题中涉及的六类长难句及结构分析，希望考生可以背下来，届时可以参照的进行分析。
1、复合句When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.[结构分析]本句的主干是it is advisable to find out... for... it is possible that...，句首的When引导一个时间状语从句，句中的for... it is possible... (至句末)是一个并列分句，表示原因，其中for后面的however +形容词farfetched and unreasonable引导状语从句，表示让步。
在主干it is advisable to find out...中，it是形式主语，后面的不定式结构to find out what its advocates are aiming at是真正的主语。
[参考译文]当艺术上的一项新运动达到一定流行程度时，最好先弄清该运动倡导者的目的，因为，无论他们的创作原则在今天看来多么牵强、多么荒谬，在未来这些理论有可能会被视为正常的东西。
2、并列句While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your “wares”and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.[结构分析]这也是一个并列句，包含两个分句。
2017年考研英语阅读长难句例举详细分析总结
2017年考研英语阅读长难句例举详细分析总结长难句是考研英语阅读和翻译的难点，攻克它是必要条件，但同样也是一件不容易的事，对于长难句的理解和把握还需要一点点积累，多研究如何拆分，如何再组合理解，凯程网考研频道分享每一句长难句的解读翻译，取材自理念真题，希望大家能够在余下不多的时间里日积月累，逐步提升。
An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits-as well as negative ones-spread through networks of friends via social communication.译文：最近大量研究表明，和不良的卫生习惯一样，良好的卫生习惯也是通过社交在朋友圈中传播。
分析：该句的主干是…research shows that…。
在that引导的宾语从句中，positive health habits是主语，spread是谓语，两个破折号之间的部分是插入语，起解释说明的作用;through networks of friends和via social communication都是方式状语，表示“通过……的方式”。
【词汇指南】friend [frend](n.)(可用作称呼)朋友,友人(中考词汇)(fr=father-父亲;神父,天父，i-连字符;end=ent-名词后缀,表人→像“天父、神父”一样，值得信赖的人——即“朋友,友人”。
) via ['vaiə](prep.)经由;经过,通过;凭借(CET-4)(2012年-阅读1)(vi=way-路[w-v简写、a-i元音变化、y-简化掉]，a-后缀,表示“一”→“路”就是一条让人“经过、通过”的东西。
) The company, a major energy supplier in New England, provoked justified outrage in Vermont last week when it announced it was reneging on a longstanding commitment to abide by the strict nuclear regulations.译文：上周，这家新英格兰的主要能源供应商宣布将停止履行“遵守该州严格的核能管理法规”这一长期承诺，这激起了佛蒙特州合情合理的公愤。
17年英语专八考试阅读题及答案
17年英语专八考试阅读题及答案17年英语专八考试阅读题及答案黑发不知勤学早，白首方悔读书迟。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的17年英语专八考试阅读题及答案，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!Exploration on the Origin of ContinentsThe origin of continental nuclei has long been a puzzle.Theories advanced so far have generally failed to explain the firststep in continent growth, or have been subject to seriousobjections. It is the purpose of this article to examine thepossible role of the impact of large meteorites or asteroids in theproduction of continental nuclei. Unfortunately, the geologicalevolution of the Earth’s surface has had an obliterating effect onthe original composition and structure of the continents to such an extent that further terrestrialinvestigations have small chance of arriving at an unambiguous answer to the question ofcontinental origin. Paradoxically, clues to the origin and early history of the surface features of theEarth may be found on the Moon and planets, rather than on the Earth, because some of thesebodies appear to have had a much less active geological history. As a result, relatively primitivesurface features are preserved for study and analysis. In the case of both the Moon and Mars, it isgenerally concluded from the appearance of their heavily cratered surfaces that they have beensubjected to bombardment by large meteoroids during their geological history. Likewise, it wouldappear a reasonable hypothesis that the Earth has also been subjected to meteoroidbombardment in the past, and that very large bodies struck the Earth early in its geologicalhistory.The large crater on the Moon listed by Baldwin has adiameter of 285 km. However, if weaccept the hypotheses of formation of some of the mare basins by impact, the maximum lunarimpact crater diameter is probably as large as 650km. Based on a lunar analogy, one might expectseveral impact craters of at least 500km diameter to have been formed on Earth. By applyingBaldwin’s equation, the depth of such a c rater should be about 20km. Baldwin admits that hisequation gives excessive depths for large craters so that the actual depth should be somewhatsmaller. Based on the measured depth of smaller lunar crater. Baldwin’s equation gives the depth ofthe zone of brecciation for such a crater as about 75km. The plasticity of the Earth’s mantle at thedepth makes it impossible to speak of “bracciation” in the usual sense. However, local stresses maybe temporarily sustained at that depth, as shown by the existence of deep-focus earthquakes.Thus, short-term effects might be expected to a depth of more than 50km in the mantle.Even without knowing the precise effects, there is little doubt that the formation of a 500-km crater would be a major geological event. Numerous authors have considered the geologicalimplications of such an event. Donn et al. have, for example, called on the impact of continent-sizebodies of sialic composition to from the original continents. Two major difficulties inherent in thisconcept are the lack of any known sialic meteorites, and the high probability that the energy ofimpact would result in a wide dissemination of sialic material, rather than its concentration at thepoint of impact.Gilvarry, on the other hand, called on meteoroid impact to explain the production of oceanbasins. The major difficulties with this model are that the morphology of most of the ocean basinsis not consistent with impact, and that the origin and growth ofcontinents is not adequatelyexplained.We agree with Donn at al. that the impact of large meteorites or asteroids may havecaused continent formation, but would rather think in terms of the localized addition of energy tothe system, rather than in terms of the addition of actual sialic material.1. A mare basin is[A] a formula for determining the relationship between the depth and width of craters.[B] a valley that is filled in when a spatial body has impact with the moon or the earth.[C] a planetoid (small planet) created when a meteorite, upon striking the moon, breaks off a partof the moon.[D] a dark spot on the moon, once supposed to be a sea, nowa plain.2. The writer does not believe that[A] an asteroid is larger than a meteorite.[B] material from space, upon hitting the earth, was eventually distributed.[C] the earth, at one time, had craters.[D] ocean were formerly craters.3. The article is primarily concerned with[A] the origin of continents.[B] the relationship between astral phenomena and the moon.[C] differences of opinion among authoritative geologists.[D] the relationship between asteroids and meteorites.4. Sialic material refers to[A] the broken rock resulting from the impact of a meteorite against the earth.[B] material that exists on planets other than the earth.[C] a composite of rock typical of continental areas of the earth.[D] material that is man-made to simulate materials that existed far back in geological history.答案详解：1. D. 是月球上的一个黑点，一度认识是海，现在知道是平原。
2017年专业英语八级阅读训练试题及答案：WomenandFashions
Women and FashionsWhenever you see an old film, even one made as little as ten years ago, you cannot help being struck by the appearance of the women taking part. Their hair-styles and make-up look dated; their skirts look either too long or too short; their general appearance is, in fact, slightly ludicrous. The men taking part in the film, on the other hand, are clearly recognizable. There is nothing about their appearance to suggest that they belong to an entirely different age.This illusion is created by changing fashions. Over the year, the great majority of men have successfully resisted all attempts to make them change their style of dress. The same cannot be said for women. Each year a few so- called top designers in Paris or London lay down the law and women the whole world over rush to obey. The decrees of the designers are unpredictable and dictatorial. This year, they decide in their arbitrary fashion, skirts will be short and waists will be high; zips are in and buttons are out. Next year the law is reversed and far from taking exception, no one is even mildly surprised.If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they shudder at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are annually black-mailed by the designers and the big stores. Clothes, which have been worn, only a few times have to be discarded because of the dictates of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a women is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.Changing fashions are nothing more than the deliberate creation of waste. Many women squander vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women, who cannot afford to discard clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Hem-limes are taken up or let down; waist-lines are taken in or let out; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on.No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability. They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, providing they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn’t at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shivering in a flimsy dress on a wintry day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in dainty shoes.When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of women’s clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of fickleness and instability? Men are too sensible to let themselves be bullied by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide.1. The main idea of this passage is[A] New fashions in clothes reflect the qualities of women.[B] New fashions in clothing are created solely for commercial exploitation of women.[C] The top designers seem to have the right to creating new fashion.[D] Men have the basic quality of reliability.2. Why do the general appearance of actresses look ludicrous?[A] Because they want their appearance in the fashion.[B] Because the top designers want them to follow the fashion.[C] Because the top designers want them to make fashion.[D] Because the top designers want them to lead the fashion.3. Why are women mercilessly exploited by the fashion designers?[A] They love new fashion. [B] They love new clothes.[C] They want to look beautiful. [D] They are too vain.4. What are fashion designers interested in?[A] Outward appearance. [B] Comfort.[C] Beauty. [D] Durability.答案详解：1. B. 创制新时装就是对妇⼥的商业性剥削。
2017年专业英语八级阅读训练试题及答案：ASenseofHumor
A Sense of HumorBiologically, there is only one quality which distinguishes usfrom animals: the ability to laugh. In a universe which appears tobe utterly devoid of humor, we enjoy this supreme luxury. Andit is a luxury, for unlike any other bodily process, laughter doesnot seem to serve a biologically useful purpose. In a divideworld, laughter is a unifying force. Human beings oppose eachother on a great many issues. Nations may disagree aboutsystems of government and human relations may be plaguedby ideological factions and political camps, but we all share the ability to laugh. And laughter, inturn, depends on that most complex and subtle of all human qualities: a sense of humor Certaincomic stereotypes have a universal appeal. This can best be seen from the world-wide popularity ofCharlie Chaplin’s early films. The little man at odds with society never fails to amuse no matterwhich country we come from. As that great commentator on human affairs, Dr. Samuel Johnson,once remarked, ‘Men have been wise in very different modes; but they have always laughed in thesame way.’A sense of humor may take various forms and laughter may be anything from a refined tingle toan earth quaking roar, but the effect is always the same. Humor helps us to maintain a correctsense of values. It is the one quality which political fanatics appear to lack. If we can see the funnyside, we never make the mistake of taking ourselves too seriously. We are always reminded thattragedy is not really far removed from comedy, so we never get a lop sided view of things.This is one of the chief functions of satire and irony. Human pain and suffering are so grim; wehover so often on the brink of war; political realities are usually enough to plunge us into totaldespair. In such circumstances, cartoons and satirical accounts of somber political events redressthe balance. They take the wind out of pompous and arrogant politicians who have lost their senseof proportion. They enable us to see that many of our most profound actions are merely comic orabsurd. We laugh when a great satirist like Swift writes about war in Gulliver’s Travels. TheLilliputians and their neighbors attack each other because they can’t agree which end to break anegg. We laugh because we meant to laugh; but we are meant to weep too. It is too powerful aweapon to be allowed to flourish.The sense of humor must be singled out as man’s most important quality because it is associatedwith laughter. And laughter, in turn, is associated with happiness. Courage, determination, initiative– these are qualities we share with other forms of life. But the sense of humor is uniquely human. Ifhappiness is one of the great goals of life, then it is the sense of humor that provides the key.1. The most important of all human qualities is[A] a sense of humor.[B] A sense of satire.[C] A sense of laughter.[D] A sense of history.2. The author mentions about Charlie Chaplin’s early films because[A] they can amuse people.[B] Human beings are different from animals.[C] They show that certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal.[D] They show that people have the same ability to laugh.3. One of the chief functions of irony and satire is[A] to show absurdity of actions.[B] to redress balance.[C] to take the wind out of politicians.[D] to show too much grimness in the world.4. What do we learn from the sentence ‘it is too powerful a weapon to be allowed to flourish intotalitarian regimes?’[A] It can reveal the truth of political events with satire.[B] It can arouse people to riot.[C] It shows tragedy and comedy are related.[D] It can make people laugh.5. Who is Swift?[A] A novelist.[B] A poet.[C] A dramatist.[D] A essayist.答案详解：1. A 幽默感。
专业英语八级阅读难句解析
专业英语八级阅读难句解析2017年专业英语八级阅读难句解析在进行的每个考试中考前备考都是至关重要的，下面，是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年专业英语八级阅读难句解析，希望能给大家带来帮助!While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, distance learning usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi (课程大纲), reading assignments, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. (07.12 Passage 1)分析主干：distance learning signifies a course1.句首While 引导状语从句，有让步、对比之意。
2.in which 引导定语从句修饰a course，该从句本身是and 连接两个分句构成的并列结构，两个分句分别讲到有关老师和学生的情况。
post... on Websites 结构中，post 含有3 个宾语。
译文：虽然网络课程提供的教学形式会各不相同，但远程学习通常都表现为这样一种课程：教师将课程大纲、阅读作业及课程进度安排在网站上公布，学生通过电子邮件提交作业。
The I SO labeling standards ban vague or misleading claims on pro duct packaging, because terms such as “environmentally friendly”and “non-polluting”cannot be verified. (05.6 Passage 2)分析主干院The standards ban claims本句只含一个原因状语从句，结构上较为简单。
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2017年专业八级英语阅读长难句分析4
1. Although April did not bring us the rains we all hoped for, and although the Central Valley doesn't generally experience the atmospheric sound and lightning that can accompany those rains, it's still important for parents to be able to answer the youthful questions about thunder and lightning. (1994. 阅读. Text 4)
【译文】尽管四月份没有带来我们期盼已久的雨水，尽管中央山谷下雨时很少伴有雷声和闪电，但对于父母来说，能够回答孩子们关于打雷和闪电的问题仍然十分重要。
【析句】多重复合句，主句it's still important for parents to be able to……, it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，再看从句，and连接两个although引导让步状语从句，第二个让步状语从句中又包含从句，that can accompany those rains作定语从句修饰the atmospheric sound and ligntning.
2. For example, did you know that the lightning we see flashing down to the earth from a cloud is actually flashing up to a cloud from the earth? (1994. 阅读. Text 4)
【译文】例如，你是否知道我们看到闪电从天上落到地面，实际过程却是从地面闪进云里。
【析句】整句话只有一个长句，但包含了几个从句。
主句为did you know that……, that引导宾语从句，宾语从句的主句为the lighting is flashing up……,其中又包含从句we see flashing down……cloud作定语从句修饰the lightning。
3. When children understand that the light of the lightning flashing reaches their eyes almost at the same moment, but the sound of the thunder takes about 5 seconds to travel just one mile, they can begin to time the interval between the flash and the crash to learn how close they were to the actual spark. (199
4. 阅读. Text 4)
【译文】当孩子们明白闪电发出的光几乎同时到达他们的眼睛，而雷声约五秒钟才传播一英里，那他们就可以开始给闪电和雷声之间的间隔计时，以了解自己离实际火花的远近。
【析句】多重复合句，主句they can begin to time the interval……to learn how close they were……, 主句中包含从句，how close they were作learn的宾语从句，注意time此处作动词，意为“给……计时”。
when children understand that为时间状语从句，that引导understand的宾语从句，宾语从句中，主句为the light of the lightning reaches their eyes, but the sound of the thunder takes about ……, but连接构成转折关系的同级简单句。