上海英语高考语法填空题新题型解题技巧 (对外版)
2019年上海高考英语-语法填空题解题技巧及答案
学科老师辅导讲义学员姓名：年级：高三辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课日期授课时段授课主题语法填空题解题技巧教学内容课前回顾知识梳理知识点1：新题型技巧讲解语法填空高频考点与高分技巧(1)按该题2014高考课改考纲要求考试规律，“纯空格题”仅考冠词、介词、代词和连接词以及功能性结构副词等四类词；“用括号中所给词的适当形式填空”考了谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级等。
(2)介词、连接词、动词每年会有两道小题，是考查的重点，也是复习训练的重点。
(3)冠词：考查不定冠词的最基本的用法，表示“一个(次/本…)”，这无疑是复习和训练的重点，但也要关注不定冠词的其他用法，同时注意定冠词的基本用法。
(4)代词：主要考查了在句中作宾语的人称代词宾语、只能在名词前作定语的形容词性物主代词、it的用法和不定代词。
备考中，除重点关注已考的热点外，也不要忽视反身代词和疑问代词。
(5)连接词：考查了引导宾语从句的连接代词who、引导同位语从句的that、引导定语从句的关系副词where(三年考了两年)、表示转折的并列连词but，这些仍是复习的重点；备考中，要训练名词性从句：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句；状语从句、定语从句的连接词。
如何判断名词性从句？规律：可以从从句所处的位置判断是主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句还是表语从句。
注意：名词性从句中如果缺少主语、宾语或表语时常填what; (whatever) ; who (whoever)(6)动词：时态重点考查一般过去时和一般现在时，也要留意一般将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时等各种时态。
语态只考查了一般过去时的被动语态，一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态值得重视。
非谓语动词重复考的是不定式作状语，过去分词、动词-ing形式。
答案特点：(1)纯空格题：试题要求中已明文规定“在空格处填入一个适当的词”，即一个小题或者一个空格只能填一个单词。
(2)用括号中所给词的适当形式填空：试题中要求“使用括号中词语的正确形式填空”，这个词的“正确形式”，不可以出现所给词以外的其它词。
上海英语高考语法新题型（附答案）
高考英语（上海）语法新题型2014年上海高考英语新题型 语法填空专练及解题技巧解“语法填空”题的一般步骤： 一、浏览全文 把握语篇 浏览全文的目的是把握其大意，为下一步“填空”做好“语义”上的准备，因为“语义”决定着空白处应填一个什么意思的词语并采用什么样的语法形式。
在通读全文的过程中，为较好地把握其大意，很有必要弄清该文的体裁、题材（语题）、中心思想、写作主线、段落大意、段落层次等。
这些有利于考生真正读懂全文大意，也有利于在“填空”时进行必要的逻辑推理。
二、边读边填 先易后难 在通读全文，基本了解文章大意之后，就可以动手填空了。
填空的过程是一个判断空白处应填词语的“语义”（已给出词语的除外）和正确的语法“形式”的思维过程。
遇到一时想不起来的空，先跳过去，等检查时再仔细对付，不要用太多的时间停留在一个单词上。
三、验证复查 清除难点 有时间的话，进行复查是必要的。
复查的方法是：将所有答案“填进”短文并进行通读，以最后确定答案。
另外，一题多解也是此种题型常遇到的问题之一。
Part-1 Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. (A) There is a photo hanging above my desk. Whenever I look at that photograph, it takes me back to those early years 25 every new experience was important for me. I can still remember the shouts of the spectators as I 26 (go) out onto the sports field with my classmates. Two days 27 (early). I had qualified for the finals of the 100 metres. Now 28 (look) around, I was determined to win. While I was walking across to the start, I began to feel more and more nervous. I looked around and saw my proud parents waving enthusiastically. My heart was beating fast when I lined up with the other eager competitors. I look some deep breaths and waited for the signal. Then the starting signal 29 (give) and I set off down the track. I ran as fast as I could, not looking at anything but the finishing line. By the time I crossed the line, I I was was so exhausted that I 30 hardly breathe. As soon as I I heard heard the result 31 (announce), I realized I had won! Overjoyed, I collapsed on the soft grass with a broad smile on my face. “Well done!” said the Headmaster later, as I was presented with the winner ’s certificate. I had never felt so happy and proud in my life. (B) One of the first questions young children ask is “Why?” It It is is is human human nature to want 32 (find) out why things are the way they are. You can find out “Why Why”” by turning the question into a hypothesis (假设) for 33 experiment. 34 example, suppose you have been trying to grow tomato plants, but insects keep destroying 35 . Someone tells you that 36 (put) large strips of colored cloth around the plants will keep insects away. Your question might be “Do certain colours of cloth keep insects away?” Then you ’d begin your experiment. The first step would be to place different-colored strips of cloth around all of the plants except one. Then, as regular intervals, you would observe and record and note 37 the plant had any insect damage or not. This experiment may prove that the answer to your question is “No, it is not different-colored strips of cloth 38 keep away insects.” Or you may find that answer is “Yes, certain insects are (39)Part-2kept 25others, 26answer 27 ,only 28arrived 29“31 ’323435nothing I 37characterizations I 38busy 40Part-3(A)ThePart-4David. He kept 25 refuses to talk to others, 26 answer 27 , , and the answer He sat there, only 28 Usually, he arrived 29 needs someone someone 30 31 32 33 Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and 34 35 When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, 36 37 the dull characterizations I 38 objects 39 of objects 40 40.preservingPart-5s visits 25 visits 26 “27 We know that good sleep is very 28 29 gifts in which 10 percent of the price you pay goes to a charity. Gift givers can choose from then 30 and then 31 charity from a list. When your mother gets the gift, she early 1980s, 32 visits 33 area. 34 Mountain area. 35 school from the town of Harlan, I followed a road shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the 36 classroom, I 37 a big smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread me their latest projects. Dorothy told me with 38 39 is a a 40 Part-6kids in a rowboat 25 beyond the calm waters, a beach umbrella 26 27 water. The pair panicked and tried to row back to shore. But they were no match for I was trying 28 minutes 29 boat. He took over rowing, 30 Christian and Jack 31 32 road toward goals. I like this image. But it was quite by accident For years we made the long drive 33 fast, 34 But then Banner, our lamb was born. He was rejected by his mama days before our 35 is 36 That is breathless and 37 window, at baby pigs following their mother, or fish 38 39 road, everyone started quarreling. I stopped the car, ordered all kids out 40 available to anyone adventurous enough to wander around and made me realize that a detour Part-725 My name is Clara. I still remember that chilly December day, sitting in science class. I 26 at the computer, and typed 27 28 Five months later, my mom received a phone call, and immediately, a wide smile I 29 30 sky and the universe. I remember as a little girl, my grandmother and I much I didn‟t know about 31 . 32 We human beings do not just hole up in one place. We are constantly wondering and trying to find out The library is divided into different 33 . The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent tables and chairs. The ground floor is the zone 34 are situated in the area 35 If you want to discuss freely 36 floor. Some study rooms are for 2-3 people and 37 There are 40 group-study rooms that 38 for students students 39 a lecture and 40 Part-825 26 love and popularity. I 27 In adulthood the things that bring deep joy. The 28 and had the house to myself. Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing, 29 Psychologists tell us 30 31 , with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area, have turned happiness into 32 33 development of cancer of the lungs and the throat and is believed 34 35 smoking 36 cigarette smoking substances in 37 ) that 38 39 other possible factors and proving them to be statistically irrelevant. While ) tobacco 40 Part-9The trouble with you is 25 dentist came back from holiday, 26 If you come by right now,the 27 28 dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short notice? 29 30 31 Although this might be excellent advice in matters 32 A loan is a sum of money borrowed for a 33 34 or from an institution such as a bank and is generally granted at a specific rate of interest. Interest is the fee 35 generally requires the borrower to register something 36 that a lender 37 38 There are two major sorts of loans: consumer loans and commercial loans. A consumer loan is 39 factory. The business of making loans also contributes to a healthy economy In a 40 Part-10Behavior 25 Social Behavior 26 The possible reason 27 28 of self” is much more likely to lead to depression romance too early. During growing up, 29 Parents 30 31 seems to become weak with age. Love will always make us feel young, 32 As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society failure to exercise. The line of thought 33 34 nights but does not drive while drunk, 35 36 someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body‟s special needs.37 38 ) may be “well,” in this new sense,39 40 perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, 37. BothPart-11Many children first learn the value of money 25 children learn from experience at an age 26 27 case, parents should make clear 28 , if anything, the child is expected to pay for with the money. object is is 29 30 Allowances give children a chance to experience the things they future. 31 Do you know how 32 neurons 33 34 35 Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which researchers discovered 36 37 38 people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully 39 40 relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else 13 。
2024上海高考英语语法填空解题方法技巧及试题解读
►专题32上海高考语法填空命题剖析及解题方略_______________________________________________________________________________ __________考点精讲【考情链接】上海高考英语语法填空题是全面检测学生语法在篇章中综合运用能力，能更科学地反应学生的英语语法知识的综合程度。
上海历年高考英语语法高频考察点主要有：时态、语态、谓语与非谓语动词、倒装、连词、三大从句、特殊句式、词组及固定搭配等。
本题型分两种情形：一种为已给单词提示；一种为不给单词提示。
值得注意的是近年试题中出现一些平常我们在一模二模中不常考到而被忽视的语法点。
【要点梳理】（一）语法填空考点状语从句强调句并列连词并列句判断上下句之间的逻辑关系（二）语法填空考点详解1、有提示词1）形容词/副词括号中给出形容词或副词，考查其原级比较级最高级。
注意比较级有+er的，加more 的，还有加less的，加the least的。
【考题练习】1.Disney says zootopia is its(30)__________(complex)animation yet.The extra effort iscertainly paying off at the box office.2.This is not the first time scientists have tried to solve this problem.But methods they tried inthe past led to band-aids that were(39)_____(sticky)and therefore didn’t stay on for long. 3.The smoke grew___26____(thick)and I could see fire all around.The floor became hotunder my bare feet.I found an open door and ran into a room to get to the window.【Keys】most complex less sticky thicker2）动词谓语动词：看句子有没有连词，若无连词，则要有1个谓语动词，有1个连词，则句子应该有2个谓语动词，2个连词应该有3个谓语动词，若缺少则所给动词就是谓语动词；此时前看看，后看看确定时态和语态。
上海英语高考语法新题型(附答案)
上海英语高考语法新题型(附答案)高考英语（上海）语法新题型2014年上海高考英语新题型语法填空专练及解题技巧解“语法填空”题的一般步骤：一、浏览全文把握语篇浏览全文的目的是把握其大意，为下一步“填空”做好“语义”上的准备，因为“语义”决定着空白处应填一个什么意思的词语并采用什么样的语法形式。
在通读全文的过程中，为较好地把握其大意，很有必要弄清该文的体裁、题材（语题）、中心思想、写作主线、段落大意、段落层次等。
这些有利于考生真正读懂全文大意，也有利于在“填空”时进行必要的逻辑推理。
二、边读边填先易后难在通读全文，基本了解文章大意之后，就可以动手填空了。
填空的过程是一个判断空白处应填词语的“语义”（已给出词语的除外）和正确的语法“形式”的思维过程。
遇到一时想不起来的空，先跳过去，等检查时再仔细对付，不要用太多的时间停留在一个单词上。
三、验证复查清除难点有时间的话，进行复查是必要的。
复查的方法是：将所有答案“填进”短文并进行通读，以最后确定答案。
另外，一题多解也是此种题型常遇到的问题之一。
Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)There is a photo hanging above my desk. Whenever I look at that photograph, it takes me back to those early years 25 every new experience was important for me.I can still remember the shouts of the spectators as I 26 (go) out onto the sports field with my classmates. Two days 27 (early). I had qualified for the finals of the 100 metres. Now 28 (look)around, I was determined to win.While I was walking across to the start, I began to feel more and more nervous. I looked around and saw my proud parents waving enthusiastically. My heart was beating fast when I lined up with the other eager competitors. I look some deep breaths and waited for the signal. Then the starting signal 29 (give) and I set off down the track.I ran as fast as I could, not looking at anything but the finishing line. By the time I crossed the line, I was so exhausted that I 30 hardly breathe. As soon as I heard the result 31 (announce), I realized I had won! Overjoyed, I collapsed on the soft grass with a broad smile on my face.“Well done!”said the Headmaster later, as I was presented with the winner’s certificate. I had never felt so happy and proud in my life.(B)One of the first questions young children ask is “Why?”It is human nature to want 32 (find) out why things are the way they are. You can find out “Why”by turning the question into a hypothesis (假设) for 33 experiment.34 example, suppose you have been trying to grow tomato plants, but insects keep destroying35 . Someone tells you that 36 (put) large strips of colored cloth around the plants will keep insects away. Your question might be “Do certain colours of cloth keep insects away?”Then you’d begin your experiment. The first step would be to place different-colored strips of cloth around all of the plants except one. Then, as regular intervals, you would observe and record and note 37 the plant had any insect damage or not.This experiment may prove that the answer to your question is “No, it is not different-colored strips of cloth 38 keep away insects.”Or you may find that answer is “Yes, certain insects are kept away by blue cloth, but not yellow cloth.” ......39 you have found, you are well on your way to understanding how you can use scientific thinking to solve a problem in you own life.Keys: (A) 25. when 26. went 27. earlier 28. looking 29. was given 30. could 31. announced (B) 32. to find 33. an 34. For 35. them 36. putting 37. whether 38. that 39. WhateverRead the following passage. For some blanks, there is a word given in the brackets. Fill in each of these blanks with the proper form of the given word. Fill in the other blanks with words that are高考英语（上海）语法新题型correct in structure and proper in meaning.(A)One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept 25 (walk) up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me. “This boy has lost his family,”he wrote. “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others,26 I’m very worried about him. Can you help?”I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer 27 , and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympatheticallyThe first two times we met, David didn’t say a word. He sat there, only 28 (look) up to look at the children’s drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon—in complete silence and without looking at me. It’s not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.Usually, he arrived 29 than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me?“Perhaps he simply needs someone 30 (share) his pain with,”I thought. “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.”Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.“31 ’s your turn,”he said.After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one—without any words—can reach out to32 person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens(B)Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and 33 (spend) the expected half hour recording the day’s events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever 34 (record) on paper. After all, isn’t accumulating memories a way高考英语（上海）语法新题型of preserving the past?When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, 35 (well-equip) with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time 36 (productive), dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen….At that point, I understood that nothing I 37 (write) could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I 38 (set) down in my diary.Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures, but not very often—only of objects 39 I find really beautiful. I’m no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old.I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy 40 (preserve) the present so as to live it in the future.I don’t want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes. Maybe I won’t have as many exact representations of people and places; maybe I’ll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. I don’t live to make memories—I just live, and the memories form themselves.Key:25. walking 26. and 27. to28. looking 29. earlier 30. to share 31. It32. another33. spend 34. recorded35. well-equipped36. productively 37.39. which / that 40. preservingDirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.高考英语（上海）语法新题型(A)The US government has set several rules and guidelines in place ____25_____(protect) us from eating potentially harmful foods. Several dishes _____26_____(consider) real delicacies in other parts of the world, ____27______haggis in Scotland or fugu (puffer fish) in Japan, are banned from the U.S. food market because of potential health risks. But looking at the issue from a reversed angle, there are actually several common foods eaten in America that are banned in other parts of the world.The shocking truth is that many of our favorite foods, like boxed mac and cheese and yogurt, include ingredients____28______ other countries have established as potentially harmful for health, and therefore are banned. Clearly, mac and cheese on its own isn't poisonous in any way, but the yellow food colorings #5 and #6 have been shown to cause hypersensitivity (过敏) in children, and are therefore banned in countries including Norway, Finland, and Australia. ___29_____yogurt and other milk products, it is the rBGH and rBST that some countries are concerned with --- these growth hormones ____30_______(ban) in several regions including the European Union, Canada, and Japan ___31______their potentially dangerous impacts on the health of both humans and cows.Key:25.To protect26.considered27.like 28.that29.For 30.are banned 31.because of(B)How many times have you let your basic contact lens hygiene slide, not doing things like washing your hands before ___32_____(handle) your lenses, using tap water _____33______saline solution(盐水溶液) or sleeping in your lenses?During a busy week __34_____work, a woman named Erin was out of contact lens solution but didn't have time to buy any, so she used tap water ____35_____(store)her contact lenses.That would soon prove to be a mistake: She contracted a rare amoeba(阿米巴，变形虫) infection____36_______ began to attack her cornea(眼角膜)."The pain was extreme," she told Dr. Travis Stork on The Doctors. She went to the ER, where doctors thought she had a simple eye infection and prescribed her a steroid(类固醇)._____37_______, after the pain still did not go away, she visited an optometrist who ____38_______( realize)that she had an amoeba infection."The steroid was, in fact, hiding the infection,"高考英语（上海）语法新题型she said. "It was keeping my sight but it was actually feeding the amoeba, via the steroid, making ___39___stronger."Stork noted that steroids can actually be harmful in cases like this, because they make it harder for the body to fight off the infection.Key:32.handling33.instead of 34.at 35.to store 36.that 37.However 38.realized 39.itDirections: Read the following two passages. Fill ineach blank with one proper word or the proper formof the given word to make the passage coherent.Make sure that your answers are grammaticallycorrect.(A)One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept 25 (walk) up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me. “This boy has lost his family,”he wrote. “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, 26 I’m very worried about him. Can you help?”I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer 27 , and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympatheticallyThe fir st two times we met, David didn’t say a word. He sat there, only 28 (look) up to look at the childre n’s drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon—in complete silenc e and without looking at me. It’s not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.Usually, he arrived 29 than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me?“Perhaps he simply needs someone 30 (share) his pain with,”I thought. “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were高考英语（上海）语法新题型playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.“31 is your turn,” he said.After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one—without any words—can reach out to32 person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on,a friendly touch, and an ear that listensKey:25. walking 26. and 27. to28. looking29. earlier30. to share31. It 32. another(B)Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and 33 (spend) the expected half hour recording the day’s events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever 34 (record) on paper. After all, i sn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, 35 (well-equip) with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a36 (detail) description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen….At that point, I understood that nothing I 37 (write) could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I 38 (set) down in my diary.Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures, but not very often—only of objects 39 I find really beautiful. I’m no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy 40 (preserve) the present so as to live it in the future.I don’t want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes. Maybe I won’t高考英语（上海）语法新题型have as many exact representations of people and places; maybe I’ll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. I don’t live to make memories—I just live, and the memories form themselves.Key:33. spend 34. recorded35. well-equipped36. detailed39. which / that 40.preservingDirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)Low-Cost Gifts for Mother’s DayGift No. IOffer to be your mother’s health friend. Promise to be there for any and all doctor’s visits 25 a disease or a regular medical check-up. Most mothers always say “no need,” another set of eyes and ears is always a good idea at a doctor’s visit. The best part? This one is free. Gift No. 2Help your mother organize all of her medical records, 26 include the test results and medical information. Put them all in one place. Be sure to make a list of all of her medicines and what times she takes them. “27 (have) all this information in one place could end up saving your mo ther’s life,”Dr. Marie Savard said.Gift No. 3Enough sleep is connected to general health conditions. “Buy your mother cotton sheets and comfortable pillows to encourage better sleep,”Savard said. “We know that good sleep is very 28 to our health.”Gift No. 4Some gift companies such as Presents for Purpose allow you to pay it forward this Moth er’s Day by picking gifts in which 10 percent of the price you pay goes to a charity. Gift givers can choose from 29wide variety of useful but inexpensive things—many of which are “green”—and then 30 a meaningful高考英语（上海）语法新题型charity from a list. When your mother gets the gift, she 31 (tell) that she has helped the chosen charity. Key:25. whether 26. which 27. Having 28. important 29. a30. choose 31. will be told(B)In my living room, there is a plaque(匾) that advises me to “Bloom where you are planted.”It reminds me of Dorothy. I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s, 32 I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program with Union College in Barbourville, Kentucky. The job responsibilities required occasional visits 33 the classroom of each teacher in the program. Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.Dorothy taught in a school in Harlan County, Kentucky, Appalachian Mountain area. 34 (get) to her school from the town of Harlan, I followed a road 35 (wind) around the mountain. In the eight-mile journey, I crossed the same railroad track five times, giving the possibility of getting caught by the same train five times. Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains, I found it depressing. The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the 36 (great) feeling of hopelessness.From the moment of my arrival at the little school, all gloom(忧郁) disappeared. Upon arriving at Dorothy’s classroom, I 37 (greet) with smiling faces and treated like a queen. The children had been prepared to show me their latest projects. Dorothy told me with a big smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread for “d inner” (lunch). In case you don’t know, poke greens are a weed-type plant38 grows wild, especially on poor ground. Dorothy never ran out of reports of exciting activities of her students. Her enthusiasm never cooled down. When it came time to sit for the testing and interviewing required to receive her Child Development Associate Certification, Dorothy was ready. She came to the assessment and passed in all areas. Afterward, she 39 (invite) me to the one-and-only steak house in the area to celebrate her victory, as if she had received her Ph.D. degree. After the meal, she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand. She said it was a family heirloom (传家宝), but to me it is a 40 (treasure) symbol of appreciation and pride that cannot be matched with things.Key:32. when 33. to 34. To get 35. winding36. greatest37. was greeted 38. that 39. invited 40. treasured高考英语（上海）语法新题型Part-6Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)On a sunny day last August, Tim heard some shouting. Looking out to the sea carefully, he saw a couple of kids in a rowboat 25 (pull) out to sea.Two 2-year-old boys, Christian and Jack, rowed out a boat to search for a football. Once they’d ro wed beyond the calm waters, a beach umbrella 26 (tie) to the boat caught the wind and pulled the boat into open water. The pair panicked and tried to row back to shore. But they were no match for 27and the boat was out of control.Tim knew it would soon be swallowed by the waves.“Everything went quiet in my head,” Tim recalls. “I was trying 28 (figure) out how to swim to the boys in a straight line.”Tim took off his clothes and jumped into the water. Every 500 yards or so, he raised his head to judge his progress. “At one point, I considered turning back,” he says. “I wondered if I was putting my life at risk.” After 30 minutes 29 struggling, he was close to yell to the boys, “Take down the umbrella!”Christian made much effort to take down the umbrella. Then Tim was able to catch up and climb aboard the boat. He took over rowing, 30 the waves were almost too strong for him.“Let’s aim for the pier(码头),”Jack said. Tim turned the boat toward it. Soon afterward, waves crashed over the boat, and it began to sink. “Can you guys swim?” he cried. “A little bit,” the boys said.Once they were in the water, Tim decided it would be safer and faster for him to pull the boys toward the pier. Christian and Jack 31 (wear) life jackets and floated on their backs. Tim swam toward land as water washed over the boys’ faces.“Are we almost there?” they asked again and again. “Yes,” Tim told them each time.After 30 minutes, they reached the pier.Key:25. were being pulled 26. tied 27. it28. to figure 29. of30. but 31. were wearing高考英语（上海）语法新题型(B)Poet William Stafford once said that we are defined more by the detours (绕行路) in life than by the narrow road toward goals. I like this image. But it was quite by accident 32 I discovered the deep meaning of his words.For years we made the long drive 33 our home in Seattle to my parents’home in Boise in nine hours. We traveled the way most people do: the fastest, shortest, easiest road, especially when I was alone with four noisy, restless kids who hate confinement(限制) and have strong opinions about everything.Road trips felt risky, so I would drive fast, 34 (stop) only when 1 had to. We would stick to the freeways and arrive tired.But then Banner, our lamb was born. He was rejected by his mama days before our 35 (plan) trip to Boise. I had two choices: leave Banner with my husband, or take him with me. My husband made the decision for me.That is 36 I found myself on the road with four kids, a baby lamb and nothing but my everlasting optimism to see me through. We took the country roads out of necessity. We had to stop every hour, let Banner shake out his legs and feed him. The kids chased him and one another. They’d get back in the carbreathless and 37 (energize), smelling fresh from the cold air.We explored side roads, catching grasshoppers in waist-high grass. Even if we simply looked out of the car window, at baby pigs following their mother, or fish 38 (leap) out of the water, it was better than the best ride down the freeway. Here was life. And new horizons.We e ventually arrived at my parents’doorstep astonishingly fresh and full of stories.I grew brave with the trip back home and creative with my disciplining technique. On an empty section of road, everyone started quarreling. I stopped the car, ordered all kids out 39 told them to meet me up ahead. I parked my car half a mile away and read my book in sweet silence.Some road trips are by necessity fast and straight. But that trip with Banner opened our eyes to a world available to anyone adventurous enough to wander around and made me realize that a detour 40 uncover the best part of a journey—and the best part of yourself.Key:32. that 33. from 34. stopping 35. planned 36. how37. energized 38. leaping 39. and 40. may高考英语（上海）语法新题型Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)My name is Clara. I still remember that chilly December day, sitting in science class. I 25 (finish) a worksheet early and picked up a TIME for Kids magazine. A piece of news caught my eye: NASA was holding 26 essay contest to name its Mars rover(火星探测器).Before I even knew anything else about it, a single word flooded my 11-year-old mind, Curiosity.I couldn’t wa it for the bell to ring so I could get started on my essay. That afternoon, I raced home, sat down at the computer, and typed 27 my fingers ached. “Curiosity is an everlasting flame that burns in everyone’s mind...”F ive months later, my mom received a phone call, and immediately, a wide smile 28 (spread) across her face.O n August 5,2012, at 10:31 p.m., the rover named Curiosity touched down safely on the surface of Mars, and I 29 (honour) to have a front-row seat in NASA.C uriosity is such an important part of who I am. I have always been fascinated by the stars, the planets, the sky and the universe. I remember as a little girl, my grandmother and I 30 sit together in the backyard for hours. She’d tell me stories and point out the stars. Grandma lived in China, thousands of miles away from my home in Kansas, but the stars kept us together even when we were apart. They were always there, yet there was so much I didn’t know about 31 . That’s what I love so much about space.P eople often ask me why we go to faraway places like Mares. My answer is simple because we’re curious. We human beings do not just hole up in one place. We are constantly wondering and trying to find out 32 is over the hill and beyond the horizon.Key:25. had finished 26. an 27. until 28.高考英语（上海）语法新题型spread 29. was honoured30. would 31. them 32. what(B)Guide to Stockholm University LibraryOur library offers different types of studying places and provides a good studying environment.ZonesThe library is divided into different 33 . The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading, and places where you can sit and work with your own computer. The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs. The ground floor is the zone 34 you can talk. Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work.ComputersYou can use your own computer to connect to the wi-fi specially prepared for notebook computers, and you can also use library computers, which contain the most commonly used applications, such as Microsoft Office. They are situated in the area 35 (know) as the Experimental Field on the ground floor.Group-study placesIf you want to discuss freely 36 disturbing others, you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor. Some study rooms are for 2-3 people and 37 can hold up to 6-8 people. All rooms are marked on the library maps.There are 40 group-study rooms that 38 be booked via the website. To book, you need an active University account and a valid University card. You can use a room three hours per day, nine hours at most per week.Storage of Study MaterialThe library has lockers for students 39 (store) course literature. When you have obtained at least 40 credits(学分), you may rent a locker and pay 400 SEK for a year’s rental period.Rules to be FollowedMobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the library. Keep your phone on silent as if you were in a lecture and 40 (exit) the library if you need to receive calls.Please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library, but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you.Key:33. zones 34. where 35. known 36. without 37. others38. must 39. to store 40. exit高考英语（上海）语法新题型Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)When 25 (ask) about happiness, we usually think of something extraordinary, an absolute delight, which seems to get rarer the older we get.F or kids, happiness has a magical quality. Their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike26 unreserved (毫不掩饰的).In the teenage years the concept of happiness changes. Suddenly it’s conditional on such things as excitement, love and popularity. I 27 still recall the excitement of being invited to dance with the most attractive boy at the school party.I n adulthood the things that bring deep joy—love, marriage, birth—also bring responsibility and the risk of loss. For adults, happiness is complicated.M y definition of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”. The 28 we can enjoy what we have, the happier we are. It’s easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, and even good health.I experienced my little moments of pleasure yesterday. First I was overjoyed when I shut the last lunch-box and had the house to myself. Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing, 29 I love. When the kids and my husband came home, I enjoyed their noise after the quiet of the day.P sychologists tell us 30 to be happy we need a mix of enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work. I don’t think that my grandmother,who raised 14 children, had much of either. She did have a network of close friends and family, and maybe this is what satisfied her.W e, 31 , with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area, have turned happiness into one more thing we’ve got to have.We’re so self-conscious about our “right” to it that it’s making us miserable. So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success, without。
(完整版)高考英语语法填空-解题技巧
13招攻破语法填空,一定要get√语法填空是近年来高考英语推出的一种新题型。
在一篇200词左右的语言材料中留出10个空白，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，这种题型能全面检测学生在英语词汇、语法，甚至是句法上的运用能力，能更科学地反映童鞋们的英语综合水平。
本题型分两种情况：一种为已给单词提示，一种为不给单词提示。
下面这十三个破解语法填空的技巧,非常实用，一起来学习吧！此类题可以考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握程度。
单词形式变化主要有两种，一是词的形、数、式的变化，一是词的派生变化.在判断出词的变化之后还应该进一步审题,看是否需要使用复合的变化形式，这一点是很重要的。
技巧一：名词形式变化。
名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。
例:There are many students living at school，the （child） houses are all far from school．由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作为houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式—复数的所有格children’s。
技巧二：动词形式变化。
动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化（时态、语态、语气),有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。
例:A talk （give）tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.句中的is written是整句的谓语,所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。
从tomorrow可以看出,报告是“将来”作的,故用不定式;且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——to be given.技巧三:代词形式变化.代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词（主格和宾格）、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。
另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化,如no one／none、other／another等。
上海高考英语语法填空解题技巧
上海高考英语语法填空解题技巧在上海高考英语考试中，语法填空题通常会占据比较大的分值。
因此，认真准确地完成语法填空题能够有效地提高考生的英语成绩。
然而，这类题目因为其对语法知识的考查和灵活运用所涉及的难度较高，即使是一些高分考生也可能因为不完全掌握技巧而失分。
为此，本篇文章将针对上海高考英语语法填空解题技巧进行详细的介绍。
首先，正确理解文章意思前往语法填空题的考试情景中，每个选项都对应于文章或段落中的一个空缺处。
因此，正确理解文章的意思是解答语法填空题所必须的基本前提。
考生需要精读整篇文章或段落，把握其主旨和基本含义，从而能够正确地辨认所需填充的语法部分，排除不必要的选项。
其次，掌握第一、二语法规则在解答语法填空的过程中，主要使用的是第一和第二语法规则。
这两个语法规则的应用范围非常广泛，掌握它们对于正确选出选项至关重要。
第一语法规则是指词类匹配，主要是指名词、动词、形容词的搭配。
这里我们以名词为例。
在语法填空中，名词的考察重点在于选项和文章间是否有一定的逻辑关系。
这个逻辑关系往往是指具有一定同义或反义的词类之间的匹配关系。
例如，文章中提到了“the ocean”，那么选项中的“sea”就是一个正确的选项。
第二语法规则则是指句子成分、时态和语法语境。
在语法填空中，动词时态和语态的考察占据了很大的比重。
除此之外，考生还需要关注不同形式的词汇所产生的句子成分的不同的影响。
第三，注意选项之间的区别在语法填空题目中，考生常常会遇到相似的选项，这需要选手在选项上进行深度的比较和分析。
首先，选项中的逻辑关系与文章中的语义关系是否一致，其次，选项中的单词用法是否合理，是否符合上下文推理。
如果考生能够注意到这些问题，并将其正确地运用到解答过程中，那么就能够有效地筛选出正确的选项。
第四，保持心态平稳、有效地使用时间语法填空题目的难点和复杂性常常会导致考生在考试过程中精神紧张和慌乱，从而影响解答准确率。
因此，保持心态平稳是解答语法填空的关键所在。
上海高中英语：语法填空解题思路与语法框架梳理
上海高中英语：语法填空解题思路与语法框架梳理1. 冠词a/an/the1.1 考频：0-11.2 识别：横线在名词前面（名词前无限定词——冠词/形容词性物主代词/数词）2. 代词2.1 考频：12.2 识别：（能填名词，就考代词）横线在动词先后、介词后2.3 考法人称代词：he / I / you ...物主代词：my / mine / our / ours ...相互代词：each other / one another （两空代词）指示代词：that / those / it ...反身代词：oneself不定代词：something / nobody / one / ones / others / the other / all / both / some / none / neither ....【代词优先考虑oneself等反身代词和something/nobody等不定代词】3. 介词3.1 考频：13.2 识别：① 动词/形容词后① 名词前后3.3 考法：① 考搭配（自己积累）① 考逻辑➢前后相对/相反：despite = in spite of 尽管有/ without 没有/ against 对抗、映衬e.g. _____ the severe virus↓, he went to his girlfriends’ houses↑.（despite/without都行）➢前后时间关系：before / after➢前后是因果关系：due to / thanks to多亏了/ as a result of 因为➢前后是举例逻辑：like / unlike / such as➢前后对等：as 作为➢后面有多个对象：between / amonge.g. between A and B / among A, B, and C / between each layer（层）4. 动词4.1 考频：4-5谓语动词：1-3（主被动都会考到、时态往往不一样）非谓语动词：2-3（doing / done / to do）4.2 识别：____ (do)4.3 考法：① 谓语动词关注3样东西：时态，语态（主被动），主谓一致（单复数）语态（主被动）→ 根据含义、根据语法-及物动词必须后面直接跟名词才能主动，否则被动.He kissed a pig.√He kidssed.×→He ____ (kiss) in the morning on the tree. 被动-不及物动词，没被动.主谓一致（单复数）→ 找到主语是什么① 非谓语答案之表非谓语作名词的常见结构：看到“___ (do) ... 谓语| 介词___ (do) | one’s ___ (do) ”→ 就填：doing / being done(非谓语的固定用法，自己积累)5. 情态动词5.1考频：0-15.2识别：横线在动词原形前5.3考点：① 能填什么：should / must / can / could / may / might / have to类/ ought to① 常考：can be有时会might as well do不妨做may well be很可能是may well do完全可以做e.g Boys’ behavior can be hard to understand. （肯定语气，有时发生）6. 形容词/副词6.1 考频：16.3 考点：四种变化：more / less / most / least / 不变7. 定语从句7.1 考频：17.2 识别：名词后面优先考虑定从① 没有逗号，名词后面优先考虑定从。
上海高考英语-语法填空题解题技巧
[例4] …the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to__35_small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage.
学科老师辅导讲义
学员姓名： 年 级： 高三 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：
授课日期
授课时段
授课主题
语法填空题解题技巧
教学内容
课前回顾
知识梳理
知识点1：新题型技巧讲解
语法填空高频考点与高分技巧
(1)按该题2014高考课改考纲要求考试规律，“纯空格题”仅考冠词、介词、代词和连接词以及功能性结构副词等四类词；“用括号中所给词的适当形式填空”考了谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级等。
2…the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometres away ________there was a garage.
3. It is such an important issue ______ we couldn’t afford to ignore.
答题思路：
(1)纯空格试题。首先，分析句子结构确定填哪类词。然后，根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词；根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。
我们知道，语法填空空格在形式上主要有二种类型：
上海英语高考选句填空新题型解题技巧 (对外版)
第三章选句填空翻看许多市面上同类型参考书对选句填空的理解，会发现许多着重于谈通过上下文之间的逻这不免让小水想到上海英语高考肯定不会这么简单。
因此结合国际性这里的理解主要参考章振邦教授所提到的三个从句到篇的关键点：语篇纽带（）、语篇结构（）以及语篇修辞（）。
从三个角度讨论选句填空：句间关系（）、句段关系（）、句篇关系（）。
一、选句填空例题之后的讲解或多或少都会结合同样由P.F. Productions统筹制作的新题型定位卷笔试部分中的例题。
该内容同样改编自美国高考之一的考试的例题。
由详见下：Librarians Help Navigate in the Digital Age二、句间关系：语篇纽带由于新题型称之为选句填空，因此后面的分析都是从句子的关系选择题主要考察的是句中关系（）。
示句中的逻辑关系，如：I buy this apple because I think it is sweet.上句中用一词明确说明主从句间是因果关系，而这种关系仅限于本句中，因此说它涉及的是句中关系。
由于选句填空是以句为单位，因此不涉及句中关系。
本章与句之间的关系。
首先说到的是一些语篇纽带。
所谓“纽带”（），指的是一些用来明示前后句关系，或是为达到结构上的粘着性（）和意义上的连贯性（）所使用的一些词语。
P.F. Productions在章首对单独从纽带角度剖析选句填空进行了质疑，但不可否认的是，纽带确实是选句填空非常重要的考察点之一。
缺失的句子或者该句前后空一定有明显的词，即纽带，来明示前后句之间的内在联系。
因此在做此类题目时，仅需要关注选项句子或者空白处的前后句中蕴含的某些纽带即可解题以下各举一例：C. Consequently, library staffing has been cut by almost four percent, leading some to claim thatlibrarianship is in decline as a profession.以上为例题中的选项。
上海英语高考语法新题型(附答案)
高考英语（上海）语法新题型2014年上海高考英语新题型语法填空专练及解题技巧解“语法填空”题的一般步骤：一、浏览全文把握语篇浏览全文的目的是把握其大意，为下一步“填空”做好“语义”上的准备，因为“语义”决定着空白处应填一个什么意思的词语并采用什么样的语法形式。
在通读全文的过程中，为较好地把握其大意，很有必要弄清该文的体裁、题材（语题）、中心思想、写作主线、段落大意、段落层次等。
这些有利于考生真正读懂全文大意，也有利于在“填空”时进行必要的逻辑推理。
二、边读边填先易后难在通读全文，基本了解文章大意之后，就可以动手填空了。
填空的过程是一个判断空白处应填词语的“语义”（已给出词语的除外）和正确的语法“形式”的思维过程。
遇到一时想不起来的空，先跳过去，等检查时再仔细对付，不要用太多的时间停留在一个单词上。
三、验证复查清除难点有时间的话，进行复查是必要的。
复查的方法是：将所有答案“填进”短文并进行通读，以最后确定答案。
Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)There is a photo hanging above my desk. Whenever I look at that photograph, it takes me back to those early years 25 every new experience was important for me.I can still remember the shouts of the spectators as I 26 (go) out onto the sports field with my classmates. Two days 27 (early). I had qualified for the finals of the 100 metres. Now 28 (look) around, I was determined to win.While I was walking across to the start, I began to feel more and more nervous. I looked around and saw my proud parents waving enthusiastically. My heart was beating fast when I lined up with the other eager competitors. I look some deep breaths and waited for the signal. Then the starting signal 29 (give) and I set off down the track.I ran as fast as I could, not looking at anything but the finishing line. By the time I crossed the line, I was so exhausted that I 30 hardly breathe. As soon as I heard the result 31 (announce), I realized I had won! Overjoyed, I collapsed on the soft grass with a broad smile on my face.“Well done!”said the Headmaster later, as I was presented with the winner’s certificate. I had never felt so happy and proud in my life.(B)One of the first questions young children ask is “Why?”It is human nature to want 32 (find) out why things are the way they are. You can find out “Why”by turning the question into ahypothesis (假设) for 33 experiment.34 example, suppose you have been trying to grow tomato plants, but insects keep destroying 35 . Someone tells you that 36 (put) large strips of colored cloth around the plants will keep insects away. Your question might be “Do certain colours of cloth keep insects away?”Then you’d begin your experiment. The first step would be to place different-colored strips of cloth around all of the plants except one. Then, as regular intervals, you would observe and record and note 37 the plant had any insect damage or not.This experiment may prove that the answer to your question is “No, it is not different-coloredstrips of cloth 38 keep away insects.”Or you may find that answer is “Yes, certain insects are kept away by blue cloth, but not yellow cloth.” ...... 39 you have found, you are well on your way to understanding how you can use scientific thinking to solve a problem in you own life. Keys: (A) 25. when 26. went 27. earlier 28. looking 29. was given 30. could 31. announced (B) 32. to find 33. an 34. For 35. them 36. putting 37. whether 38. that 39. WhateverDirections: Read the following passage. For some blanks, there is a word given in the brackets. Fill in each of these blanks with the proper form of the given word. Fill in the other blanks with words that are correct in structure and proper in meaning.(A)One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept 25 (walk) up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me. “This boy has lost his family,”he wrote. “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, 26 I’m very worried about him. Can you help?”I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer 27 , and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympatheticallyThe first two times we met, David didn’t say a word. He sat there, only 28 (look) up to look at the children’s drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon—in complete silence and without looking at me. It’s not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.Usually, he arrived 29 than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me?“Perhaps he simply needs someone 30 (share) his pain with,”I thought. “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.”Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.“31 ’s your turn,”he said.After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one—without any words—can reach out to32 person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens(B)Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and 33(spend) the expected half hour recording the day’s events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever 34 (record) on paper. After all, isn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, 35 (well-equip) with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time 36 (productive), dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen….At that point, I understood that nothing I 37 (write) could ever match or replace the fewseconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I 38 (set) down in my diary.Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures, but not very often—only of objects 39 I find really beautiful. I’m no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy 40 (preserve) the present so as to live it in the future.I don’t want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes. Maybe I won’t have as many exact representations of people and places; maybe I’ll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. I don’t live to make memories—I just live, and the memories form themselves.Key:25. walking 26. and 27. to28. looking 29. earlier 30. to share 31. It32. another33. spend 34.37. wrote38. had set 39. which / that 40. preservingDirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)The US government has set several rules and guidelines in place ____25_____(protect) us from eating potentially harmful foods. Several dishes _____26_____(consider) real delicacies in other parts of the world, ____27______haggis in Scotland or fugu (puffer fish) in Japan, are banned from the U.S. food market because of potential health risks. But looking at the issue from a reversed angle, there are actually several common foods eaten in America that are banned in other parts of the world.The shocking truth is that many of our favorite foods, like boxed mac and cheese and yogurt, include ingredients____28______ other countries have established as potentially harmful for health, and therefore are banned. Clearly, mac and cheese on its own isn't poisonous in any way, but the yellow food colorings #5 and #6 have been shown to cause hypersensitivity (过敏) in children, and are therefore banned in countries including Norway, Finland, and Australia. ___29_____yogurt and other milk products, it is the rBGH and rBST that some countries are concerned with --- these growth hormones ____30_______(ban) in several regions including the European Union, Canada, and Japan ___31______their potentially dangerous impacts on the health of both humans and cows.Key:25.To protect26.considered27.like 28.that 29.For 30.are banned 31.because of(B)How many times have you let your basic contact lens hygiene slide, not doing things like washing your hands before ___32_____(handle) your lenses, using tap water _____33______saline solution(盐水溶液) or sleeping in your lenses?During a busy week __34_____work, a woman named Erin was out of contact lens solution but didn't have time to buy any, so she used tap water ____35_____(store)her contact lenses.That would soon prove to be a mistake: She contracted a rare amoeba(阿米巴，变形虫) infection____36_______ began to attack her cornea(眼角膜)."The pain was extreme," she told Dr. Travis Stork on The Doctors. She went to the ER, where doctors thought she had a simple eye infection and prescribed her a steroid(类固醇)._____37_______, after the pain still did not go away, she visited an optometrist who ____38_______( realize)that she had an amoeba infection."The steroid was, in fact, hiding the infection," she said. "It was keeping my sight but it was actually feeding the amoeba, via the steroid, making ___39___stronger."Stork noted that steroids can actually be harmful in cases like this, because they make it harder for the body to fight off the infection.Key:32.handling33.instead of 34.at 35.to store 36.that 37.However 38.realized 39.itDirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept 25 (walk) up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me. “This boy has lost his family,”he wrote. “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, 26 I’m very worried about him. Can you help?”I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psycholo gy doesn’t have the answer 27 , and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympatheticallyThe fir st two times we met, David didn’t say a word. He sat there, only 28 (look) up to look at the childre n’s drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon—in complete silenc e and without looking at me. It’s not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.Usually, he arrived 29 than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me?“Perhaps he simply needs someone 30 (share) his pain with,”I thought. “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.“31 is your turn,” he said.After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one—without any words—can reach out to32 person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listensKey:25. walking 26. and 27. to28. looking29. earlier30. to share31. It 32. another(B)Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and 33 (spend) the expected half hour recording the day’s events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever 34 (record) on paper. After all, isn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, 35 (well-equip) with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a36 (detail) description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen….At that point, I understood that nothing I 37 (write) could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I 38 (set) down in my diary.Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures, but not very often—only of objects 39 I find really beautiful. I’m no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy 40 (preserve) the present so as to live it in the future.I don’t want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes. Maybe I won’t have as many exact representations of people and places; maybe I’ll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. I don’t live to make memories—I just live, and the memories form themselves.Key:33. spend 34. recorded35. well-equipped36. detailed 37. wrote38. had set 39. which / that40.preservingPart-5Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)Low-Cost Gifts for Mother’s DayGift No. IOffer to be your mother’s health friend. Promise to be there for any and all doctor’s visits 25 a disease or a regular medical check-up. Most mothers always say “no need,” another set of eyes and ears is always a good idea at a doctor’s visit. The best part? This one is free.Gift No. 2Help your mother organize all of her medical records, 26 include the test results and medical information. Put them all in one place. Be sure to make a list of all of her medicines and what times she takes them. “27 (have) all this information in one place could end up saving your mo ther’s life,” Dr. Marie Savard said.Gift No. 3Enough sleep is connected to general health conditions. “Buy your mother cotton sheets and comfortable pillows to encourage better sleep,” Savard said. “We know that good sleep is very 28 to our health.”Gift No. 4Some gift companies such as Presents for Purpose allow yo u to pay it forward this Mother’s Day by picking gifts in which 10 percent of the price you pay goes to a charity. Gift givers can choose from 29wide variety of useful but inexpensive things—many of which are “green”—and then 30 a meaningful charity from a list. When your mother gets the gift, she 31 (tell) that she has helped the chosen charity. Key:25. whether 26. which 27. Having 28. important 29. a30. choose 31. will be told(B)In my living room, there is a plaque(匾) that advises me to “Bloom where you are planted.” It reminds me of Dorothy. I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s, 32 I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program with Union College in Barbourville, Kentucky. The job responsibilities required occasional visits 33 the classroom of each teacher in the program. Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.Dorothy taught in a school in Harlan County, Kentucky, Appalachian Mountain area. 34 (get) to her school from the town of Harlan, I followed a road 35 (wind) around the mountain. In the eight-mile journey, I crossed the same railroad track five times, giving the possibility of getting caught by the same train five times. Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains, I found it depressing. The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the 36 (great) feeling of hopelessness.From the moment of my arrival at the little school, all gloom(忧郁) disappeared. Up on arriving at Dorothy’s classroom, I 37 (greet) with smiling faces and treated like a queen. The children had been prepared to show me their latest projects. Dorothy told me with a big smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread for “d inner” (lunch). In case you don’t know, poke greens are a weed-type plant38 grows wild, especially on poor ground.Dorothy never ran out of reports of exciting activities of her students. Her enthusiasm never cooled down. When it came time to sit for the testing and interviewing required to receive her Child Development Associate Certification, Dorothy was ready. She came to the assessment and passed in all areas. Afterward, she 39 (invite) me to the one-and-only steak house in the area to celebrate her victory, as if she had received her Ph.D. degree. After the meal, she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand. She said it was a family heirloom (传家宝), but to me it is a 40 (treasure) symbol of appreciation and pride that cannot be matched with things.Key:32. when 33. to 34. To get 35. winding 36. greatest37. was greeted 38. that 39. invited 40. treasuredPart-6Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)On a sunny day last August, Tim heard some shouting. Looking out to the sea carefully, he saw a couple of kids in a rowboat 25 (pull) out to sea.Two 2-year-old boys, Christian and Jack, rowed out a boat to search for a football. Once they’d ro wed beyond the calm waters, a beach umbrella 26 (tie) to the boat caught the wind and pulled the boat into open water. The pair panicked and tried to row back to shore. But they were no match for 27and the boat was out of control.Tim knew it would soon be swallowed by the waves.“Everything went quiet in my head,” Tim recalls. “I was trying 28 (figure) out how to swim to the boys in a straight line.”Tim took off his clothes and jumped into the water. Every 500 yards or so, he raised his head to judge his progress. “At one point, I considered turning back,” he says. “I wondered if I was putting my life at risk.” After 30 minutes 29 struggling, he was close to yell to the boys, “Take down the umbrella!”Christian made much effort to take down the umbrella. Then Tim was able to catch up and climb aboard the boat. He took over rowing, 30 the waves were almost too strong for him.“Let’s aim for the pier(码头),” Jack said. Tim turned the boat toward it. Soon afterward, waves crashed over the boat, and it began to sink. “Can you guys swim?” he cried. “A little bit,” the boys said.Once they were in the water, Tim decided it would be safer and faster for him to pull the boys toward the pier. Christian and Jack 31 (wear) life jackets and floated on their backs. Tim swam toward land as water washed over the boys’ faces.“Are we almost there?” they asked again and again. “Yes,” Tim told them each time.After 30 minutes, they reached the pier.Key:25. were being pulled 26. tied 27. it28. to figure 29. of30. but 31. were wearing(B)Poet William Stafford once said that we are defined more by the detours (绕行路) in life than by the narrow road toward goals. I like this image. But it was quite by accident 32 I discovered the deep meaning of his words.For years we made the long drive 33 our home in Seattle to my parents’ home in Boise in nine hours. We traveled the way most people do: the fastest, shortest, easiest road, especially when I was alone with four noisy, restless kids who hate confinement(限制) and have strong opinions about everything.Road trips felt risky, so I would drive fast, 34 (stop) only when 1 had to. We would stick to the freeways and arrive tired.But then Banner, our lamb was born. He was rejected by his mama days before our 35 (plan) trip to Boise. I had two choices: leave Banner with my husband, or take him with me. My husband made the decision for me.That is 36 I found myself on the road with four kids, a baby lamb and nothing but my everlasting optimism to see me through. We took the country roads out of necessity. We had to stop every hour, let Banner shake out his legs and feed him. The kids chased him and one another. They’d get back in the carbreathless and 37 (energize), smelling fresh from the cold air.We explored side roads, catching grasshoppers in waist-high grass. Even if we simply looked out of the car window, at baby pigs following their mother, or fish 38 (leap) out of the water, it was better than the best ride down the freeway. Here was life. And new horizons.We e ventually arrived at my parents’ doorstep astonishingly fresh and full of stories.I grew brave with the trip back home and creative with my disciplining technique. On an empty section of road, everyone started quarreling. I stopped the car, ordered all kids out 39 told them to meet me up ahead. I parked my car half a mile away and read my book in sweet silence.Some road trips are by necessity fast and straight. But that trip with Banner opened our eyes to a world available to anyone adventurous enough to wander around and made me realize that a detour 40 uncover the best part of a journey—and the best part of yourself.Key:32. that 33. from 34. stopping 35. planned 36. how38. leaping 39. and 40. mayDirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)My name is Clara. I still remember that chilly December day, sitting in science class. I 25 (finish) a worksheet early and picked up a TIME for Kids magazine. A piece of news caught my eye: NASA was holding 26 essay contest to name its Mars rover(火星探测器).Before I even knew anything else about it, a single word flooded my 11-year-old mind, Curiosity.I couldn’t wa it for the bell to ring so I could get started on my essay. That afternoon, I raced home, sat down at the computer, and typed 27 my fingers ached. “Curiosity is an everlasting flame that burns in everyone’s mind...”Five months later, my mom received a phone call, and immediately, a wide smile 28 (spread) across her face.On August 5,2012, at 10:31 p.m., the rover named Curiosity touched down safely on the surface of Mars, and I 29 (honour) to have a front-row seat in NASA.Curiosity is such an important part of who I am. I have always been fascinated by the stars, the planets, the sky and the universe. I remember as a little girl, my grandmother and I 30 sit together in the backyard for hours. She’d tell me stories and point out the stars. Grandma lived in China, thousands of miles away from my home in Kansas, but the stars kept us together even when we were apart. They were always there, yet there was so much I didn’t know about 31 . That’s what I love so much about space.People often ask me why we go to faraway places like Mares. My answer is simple because we’re curious. We human beings do not just hole up in one place. We are constantly wondering and trying to find out 32 is over the hill and beyond the horizon.Key:25. had finished 26. an 27. until 28. spread 29. was honoured30. would 31. them 32. what(B)Guide to Stockholm University LibraryOur library offers different types of studying places and provides a good studying environment.ZonesThe library is divided into different 33 . The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading, and places where you can sit and work with your own computer. The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs. The ground floor is the zone 34 you can talk. Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work.ComputersYou can use your own computer to connect to the wi-fi specially prepared for notebook computers, and you can also use library computers, which contain the most commonly used applications, such as Microsoft Office. They are situated in the area 35 (know) as the Experimental Field on the ground floor.Group-study placesIf you want to discuss freely 36 disturbing others, you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor. Some study rooms are for 2-3 people and 37 can hold up to 6-8 people. All rooms are marked on the library maps.There are 40 group-study rooms that 38 be booked via the website. To book, you need an active Universityaccount and a valid University card. You can use a room three hours per day, nine hours at most per week. Storage of Study MaterialThe library has lockers for students 39 (store) course literature. When you have obtained at least 40 credits(学分), you may rent a locker and pay 400 SEK for a year’s rental period.Rules to be FollowedMobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the library. Keep your phone on silent as if you were in a lecture and 40 (exit) the library if you need to receive calls.Please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library, but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you.Key:33. zones 34. where 35. known 36. without 37. others39. to store 40. exitDirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)When 25 (ask) about happiness, we usually think of something extraordinary, an absolute delight, which seems to get rarer the older we get.For kids, happiness has a magical quality. Their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike26 unreserved (毫不掩饰的).In the teenage years the concept of happiness changes. Suddenly it’s conditional on such things as excitement, love and popularity. I 27 still recall the excitement of being invited to dance with the most attractive boy at the school party.In adulthood the things that bring deep joy—love, marriage, birth—also bring responsibility and the risk of loss. For adults, happiness is complicated.My definition of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”. The 28 we can enjoy what we have, the happier we are. It’s easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, and even good health.I experienced my little moments of pleasure yesterday. First I was overjoyed when I shut the last lunch-box and had the house to myself. Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing, 29 I love. When the kids and my husband came home, I enjoyed their noise after the quiet of the day.Psychologists tell us 30 to be happy we need a mix of enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work. I don’t think that my grandmother, who raised 14 children, had much of either. She did have a network of close friends and family, and maybe this is what satisfied her.We, 31 , with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area, have turned happiness into one more thing we’ve got to have.We’re so self-conscious about our “right” to it that it’s making us miserable. So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success, without noticing that the people w ho have those things aren’t necessarily happier.Happiness is n’t about what happens to us—i t’s about how we see what happens to us.It’s the skillful way of finding a positive for every negative. It’s not wishing for what we don’t have, but enjoying what we32 possess.Key:25. asked 26. is 27. can 28. more 29. which30. that 31. however 32. do(B)Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancer of the lungs and the throat and is believed 33 (relate) to cancer of the bladder(膀胱) and the oral cavity (口腔). Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males.。
上海高考英语语法答题技巧
上海高考英语语法答题技巧一、理解句意，找准关键词在语法填空题中，经常会考查到一些关键词，这些关键词可以帮助我们准确地理解句子的意思，从而找到正确的答案。
例如，在句子中出现了“however”，就说明前后两个句子之间有对比或转折关系；出现了“because”，就说明前后两个句子之间有因果关系。
因此，在解题时，一定要先认真阅读句子，理解句意，找到关键词，这样才能更好地解题。
二、注意语法结构，判断句子类型在语法填空题中，有些空格所填词需要根据句子的语法结构来确定。
因此，在解题时要注意分析句子的结构，判断句子的类型。
例如，在句子中出现了“I think”，就说明这是一个主从复合句，空格中所填词需要使用一般现在时；在句子中出现了“he said”，就说明这是一个直接引语，空格中所填词需要使用过去式。
三、利用上下文，寻找线索在语法填空题中，有些空格所填词需要根据上下文来寻找线索。
因此，在解题时要注意利用上下文中的关键词和信息，寻找线索。
例如，在句子中出现了“the book”，就说明空格中所填词需要与书有关，可能是书名、作者、出版社等等。
在解题时，可以通过上下文中的线索来确定空格中所填词的具体含义。
四、注意单词用法和搭配在语法填空题中，有些空格所填词需要根据单词的用法和搭配来确定。
因此，在解题时要注意单词的用法和搭配。
例如，“in a word”表示“总之”，“in words”表示“口头上”，这两个短语的意思完全不同。
因此，在解题时要注意区分它们的用法和搭配。
五、检查答案，核实答案是否符合要求在完成语法填空题后，一定要认真检查答案，核实答案是否符合要求。
如果发现有错误或者不确定的地方，要及时进行修改和完善。
同时，也要注意检查答案的书写格式是否正确，避免因为格式错误而导致失分。
上海高考英语语法填空解题技巧(2)精选
上海高考英语语法填空解题技巧(2)2014上海高考英语学科改革，推出语法填空新题型．这种题型能全面检测学生在英语词汇、语法，甚至是句法上的运用能力，能更科学地反映学生的英语综合水平.本题型分两种情况：一种为已给单词提示，一种为不给单词提示.本人就这种题型进行了分析，总结出十条语法填空的解题技巧.一、已给单词提示题型的技巧：此类题可以考查学生对代词、动词、形容词等形式变化的掌握程度.技巧一：动词形式变化.动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气、情态动词)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词).学生复习时需要花一定的功夫对动词部分的语法知识进行一次全面复习.例1：A talk (give)tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang．句中的is是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语.从tomorrow可以看出，报告是“将来”作的，故用不定式；且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——to be given.考点聚焦知识体系：时态：考纲要求的11种时态谓语动词语态：主动语态和被动语态 be+过去分词动词情态动词动词不定式一般式、进行式、完成式主动与被动非谓语动词动名词一般式、完成式主动与被动现在分词一般式、完成式主动与被动分词过去分词技巧二：代词形式变化.代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词.另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one／none、other／another等.例2：The king decided to see the painter by (he)．由介词by可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself.考点聚焦知识体系1.人称代词第一人称第二人称第三人称主格I we you you he she it they宾格me us you you him her it themmy our your your his her its their所有格形容词性名词性mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs反身代词myself ourself yourself yourselves himself herself itself themselves 其它类介词的考查方法是不给提示词的.如.指示代词：this that these those such same不定代词：some any each every one none no one few a few little a little all both other another others neither either 等疑问代词：what which who whom whose 等，用于特殊疑问句连接代词和关系代词是考主从复合句的连接关系，应根据主从复合句的关系确定选用.技巧三：形容词、副词比较级变化.英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化.构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀一er和．est，或在词加more／less和most／least，且形容词的绝对最高级还要冠以the.例3：I am (tall)than Liu Wen．He is the tallest students in my class．此题后句交代了Liu Wen是班上最高的学生，那“我”肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller，只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”.考点聚焦知识体系：原级构成比较级（在形容词或副词后加er或在前面加more）注意不规则变化最高级（在形容词或副词后加est或在前面加most）形容词副词比较等级同级比较比较级基本句型最高级其它特殊用法二、未给单词提示题型的技巧：此类题难度较大，但也是有方法对付的.技巧四：固定短语结构.根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语.例4：The children were playing on the ground，enjoying____，dirty but happy．从句中的happy可以猜出孩子们是开心的，所以应用enjoy oneself短语，故其答案为themselves.例5：His boss was____angry as to fire him．如果“跳过”横线后面的angry，就可以发现这里用到一个关联短语so... as to，所以，so是正解.技巧五：从句引导词.从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向，主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度.例6：He did not do_____his father had asked him to do．审题可知，横线所在为宾语从句的引导词，此引导词在从句中充当宾语，且指物，所以是what.例7：Those_____want to go to the village must sign here．经过观察可以判断横线所在为定语从句的引导词，进一步观察可知先行词为those，且指人，所以只能填入who.考点聚焦知识体系（本知识体系也适用于技巧八）肯定陈述句一般问句否定特殊问句疑问句1.简单句反义问句选择问句do祈使句 don’t thatlet 连词What whether, as if, as though感叹句 becausehow 连接代词 what，who whom whose 连接词 which how many/much2.并列句并列连词 no matter+wh-等句子连接副词 when where why how -ever 名词性从句 no matter+wh- 等主语从句表语从句种类宾语从句同位语从句先行词关系代词that which who whim whose 3.从句 As 等关系词定语从句关系副词 when where why限制性种类非限制性表时间表原因表地点表条件状语从句表目的表结果表让步表方式表比较技巧六：短语介词结构.短语介词即多个词的组合起介词作用的短语，如：except for，due to等.例10：Mr Smith took a plane to London ____ of taking a train．此题中说到两种交通工具，所以可以理解此句有“坐……而不是坐……”的意思，故答案为instead，以构成介词短语instead of.例11：Just then，he saw a blackboard in_____ of him．细心观察，可以看出填人fr0nt即可构成in front of，此题得解.技巧七：连词、关联短语结构.常用的连词有and，or，but，so，for，while等，常用的关联短语有both……and，either……or，neither……nor，not only……but also等.例12：Little Wang Jun could not go to school，_____his family was too poor．此处表示原因，引导的分句其实是一种解释说明，不是必然的因果关系，且前面有逗号隔开，所以填for.例13：____ Marrie and Jannie like going to the theatre．横线处的词与后面可以构成both...and，故答案为Both.技巧八：冠词、介词和常用的副词.冠词只能是在a，an，the之间判断；常用的介词有in，at，on，before，during等，通常考查固定搭配；副词的量还是比较多，如：however，never，yet，much 等，但一般不会考查．ly形式的方式副词.例14：Jackie likes to drive at____ high speed．这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法，答案为a，构成at a high speed，“以高速”开车.例15：Old Tom’s grand·daughter used to visit him _____ Saturday afternoons．Saturday afternoons是指定的某天下午，所以不用介词in，而用on才是正解.例16：Though Liu Qiang did the same work ____ Zhang Wen did，he got a lower pay ______ Zhang Wen．第一条横线可由前面的the same断出用as，第二条横线则可由lower断出比较意义，故答案为than.例27：It was only one day left , _____ ，his father had no idea to answer him．观察上下句，可以看出是转折关系，且横线与前后用逗号隔开，排除but，所以答案是however.语法填空作为一种新颖的题型，能全面地考查学生的英语综合应用能力.上述十条技巧概括了此题型的多数考查方向，在高考备考复习中能起到很好的加强作用，真正做到事半功倍，较大地提高学生在此题型上的得分率.2014高考英语新题型–语法填空高频考点与高分技巧(1)按该题2014高考课改考纲要求及已考该题型省份（广东卷）7年的考试规律，“纯空格题”仅考冠词、介词、代词和连接词以及功能性结构副词等四类词；“用括号中所给词的适当形式填空”考了谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级等.(2)介词、连接词、动词每年会有两道小题，是考查的重点，也是复习训练的重点.(3)冠词：考查不定冠词的最基本的用法，表示“一个(次/本…)”，这无疑是复习和训练的重点，但也要关注不定冠词的其他用法，同时注意定冠词的基本用法.(4)代词：主要考查了在句中作宾语的人称代词宾语、只能在名词前作定语的形容词性物主代词、it的用法和不定代词.备考中，除重点关注已考的热点外，也不要忽视反身代词和疑问代词.(5)连接词：考查了引导宾语从句的连接代词who、引导同位语从句的that、引导定语从句的关系副词where(三年考了两年)、表示转折的并列连词but，这些仍是复习的重点；备考中，要训练名词性从句：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句；状语从句、定语从句的连接词.如何判断名词性从句？规律：可以从从句所处的位置判断是主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句还是表语从句.注意：名词性从句中如果缺少主语、宾语或表语时常填 what; (whatever) ; who (whoever)(6)动词：时态重点考查一般过去时和一般现在时，也要留意一般将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时等各种时态.语态只考查了一般过去时的被动语态，一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态值得重视.非谓语动词重复考的是不定式作状语，过去分词、动词-ing形式.答案特点：(1)纯空格题：试题要求中已明文规定“在空格处填入一个适当的词”，即一个小题或者一个空格只能填一个单词.已先行考试的广东卷7年高考题的答案印证了这一点.(2)用括号中所给词的适当形式填空：试题中要求“使用括号中词语的正确形式填空”，这个词的“正确形式”，不可以出现所给词以外的其它词.究竟由几个单词组成？没有规定，高考题的答案是填一个或两个单词.若需填两个单词，一个是不定式，一个是被动语态.(3)要求填的词(即答案)都是一些拼写简单的单词，平均每词约4-6个字母.(4)若所填词位于句首，第一个字母要注意大写.特别提醒：“使用括号中词语的正确形式填空”的答案只填一个或两个单词，但是我们在平时的训练中应当不局限于此，要训练填一个、两个或多个单词的情况.非谓语动词中，带to的不定式、现在分词的完成式都可能填两个单词；谓语动词的将来时、进行时和完成时等也都可能填两个单词，而现在完成进行时等就可能填三个单词，被动语态至少都要填两个单词.答题思路：(1)纯空格试题.首先，分析句子结构确定填哪类词.然后，根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词；根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词.我们知道，语法填空空格在形式上主要有二种类型：(1)纯空格题（无提示词）：通常考——冠词、代词(形容词性物主代词、人称代词、不定代词、指示代词、反身代词 )、介词、和连词、从句引导词.(2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考——谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致、.非谓语动词、词类转换等.两个分句结构连接,考查语法点: 各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法.1.…The exam, ________was originally to be held in our class room, was changed to the library at the last minute. 2…the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometres away________there was a garage.3. It is such an important issue ______ we couldn’t af ford to ignore.4. We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people, most of ________ are healthy.答案：which where as whom具体分析方法：（一）纯空格题1、缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词(多考代词).[例1] I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and __38_ gets there almost in a second.and连接前后两个句子，and后面的句子缺主语，应填名词或代词；结合前一分句，不难推知，“马上可到达那里”的是the message，替代the message用代词it.2、名词前是空格，若该名词前没有限定词，很可能是填冠词his, their等形容词性物主代词，或some, any, other(s), another等限定词.[例2] It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help __33__ rice crop grow up quickly.名词rice crop前还没有限定词，应当填限定词；根据句意，这个急性子人当然是急于使“他的”禾苗长得快，故填形容词性物主代词his.[例3] The little boy pulled ___33___ right hand out of the pocket … （his）[例4] …the head o f the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to__35_ small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage.因单数可数名词town前还没有限定词，应填限定词；根据句意，是指将车拉到离那里大约有20公里远的一个小镇上去修理，表示“一个”，用不定冠词，故填a.3、名词或代词前面是空格，而该名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语时，很可能是填介词.[例因a guest在句中不作主语、表语、动词的宾语，前面一定是填介词，使其成为该介词的宾语；又由句意可知，他们“把我当作客人”来接待，表示“当作”，用介词as.4、若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词.[例6] …two worlddollars.因melted me和gave me两个动宾短语之间没有连词，一定是填连词；两者是并列关系，故填and.（考and的可能性较小）5、若两句(主谓关系算一个句子).[例因I wanted to…是一个句子，I was to return…也是一个句子，这两个句子之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连词；根据句意和两句之间的逻辑关系，可知“参观这个城市的尽可能多的地方”应是在“返回广州”之前，故填before.[例9] He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, 37he felt very happy…因He was very tired…是一个句子，he felt very happy…也是一个句子，这两个句子之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连词；根据句意和两句之间逻辑关系，可知“干了一整天活累极了”与“感到非常高兴”是转折关系，故填but.6、若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did等).[例句中What is acceptable in one country是主语从句，空格后的be considered是谓语；因其中的be是原形，故空格处必定是填情态动词或助动词does(由语境可知是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数)；由句意及作者的语气可知，需填表示“可能”的情态动词may.[例11] He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife, but he ___33___ bring home a regular salary.这是一个由but连接的并列句，由前一分句的谓语动词had是一般过去时可知，后一分句的谓语动词bring也应用一般过去时；可是，bring却用的是原形，既与语境的时态不符，也与主语he不一致，该句不是倒装句，因此，此处必定是填情态动词或表示强调的助动词did；由句意和作者的语气推测，应当填对谓语动词表示强调的助动词did(的确).7、若缺状语，一定是填副词(在纯空中考的可能性不大).8、由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词.还是that.味精)!(2)由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装的条件的only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not, until, had 等，还是填do, does, did等.[例13] __41__with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.由can you expect to…可知，这是倒装句，根据构成倒装的条件可知，应填副词only，因为“only +状语(with hard work)”放在句首，句子要用倒装.(3)由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格处是否填it.由句式结构可知，to avoid…是真正的宾语，easy是宾补，空格处应填作形式宾语的it.(4)so /such…that…句型.[例16] This made the goat so jealous___34___it began plotting against (谋划对付) the donkey.由句式结构可知，这是so…that…句型，应填that.(5)more…than… (与其说……不如说……，比……更……)句型.[例17] Cynthia’s story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager careshe pays.由句式结构可知，这是more…than…句型，故填than.句意是与经理所给的报酬相比，雇员更铭记于心的是他的关心.(二)给出了动词的试题.1、动词不在主语或宾语的位置首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词.然后按以下两点进行思考.若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态.[例18] His fear of failure ____36____(keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon.walked away.虽然句中已有谓语动词declined，但由and walked可知，所填词与declined和walked是并列关系，所以也用一般过去式closed.[例20] In Logan, three people __38__ (take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. (梅州二模) 因主语three people与take是被动关系，即三个人被送进医院，故用被动语态；由were treated可知，要用一般过去时，故填were taken.若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词.若是非谓语动词就要确定用—ing形式、—ed形式，还是用不定式形式，确定的方法主要有：2、作主语或宾语，通常用—ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况.[例21] …but it is not eno ugh only 35 (memorize) rules from a grammar book.因it是形式主语，后面用不定式作真正的主语，故填to memorize.[例22] __35__ (speak) out your inner feeling won’t make you feel ashamed, on the contrary…句中已有谓语won’t make，所以speak应为非谓语动词；谓语前面应为主语，作主语，表示一般情况，要用动名词短语，故填Speaking.3、作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式.[例23e’ll have to work two more hours a day.因句中已有谓语will have to work，所以应为非谓语动词；因“(为了)按计划完成这项工程”是“我们每天不得不额外多工作两小时”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式，故填.[例24] Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely ___33 (succeed). 因在形容词likely后作状语，要用动词不定式，故填to succeed.4、作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词，是被动关系，用过去分词.这样的题一般要特别注意空格前的逗号.[例25] He saw the stone, 37(say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.”句中已有谓语saw，所给动词与saw不是并列关系，应当是非谓语动词；又因He与say是主动关系，故填saying作伴随状语.[例26] The headmaster went into the lab, ___40___ (follow) by the foreign guests.句中已有谓语went，而follow又不是与之并列的，故为非谓语动词；又因the headmaster与follow是被动关系，故用过去分词作伴随状语.5、不论非谓语动词在句中作何种成分，若判断需要用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系用—ing形式，是被动关系用—ed形式.[例27] There will be a meeting, __40__ (start) later this year to review the film.[因句中已有谓语can help，所以learn应为非谓语动词；又因lesson与learn是被动关系，要用过去分词短语作定语，故填learned.点睛技巧：语法填空要求考生阅读一篇短文，然后按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求完成10道语法填空题.做题要求：一是在空格处填入适当的词；二是使用括号中词语的正确形式填空.1．语法填空的考查范围(1)语境测试(上下文)；(2)语法测试：动词、名词、代词、冠词、介词、固定搭配、情态动词、复合句、形容词和副词的比较级与最高级及构词法、倒装等.①动词：时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词等；②引导词：一些从句的使用，如定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句等；③形容词、副词、名词、动词之间的词型、词性转换，形容词与副词的比较级、最高级等；④介词：一些常用介词的基本用法、介词短语的用法；⑤名词、冠词：注意名词的单数、复数、可数、不可数以及冠词的特殊性用法；⑥代词：注意代词所指代的对象和前后对应的关系；⑦并列词：and, so, or, otherwise等表示并列、对比的词，以及表示承接、转折的副词therefore, however 的用法；⑧句型：要求归纳整理，并且牢固掌握一些基本常用句型，如：not...until...; not only...but (also)．..; so...that...; not...but...; as...as...; either...or...；more...than...; neither...nor...；such...that...；hardly...when...; no sooner...than...等.2014高考英语语法填空高频考点考点1. 动词的时态和语态(1). The sun was setting down when my car ______ ( break ) down near a remote and poor village .(2). Being too anxious to help an event develop often ________ ( result ) in the contrary to our intention.(3).People stepped on your feet or ______ ( push ) you with their elbows.(4).“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane ________ ( inform ).(5).After a four-day journey, the young man ______ ( present ) the water to the old man.(6). He ______( pretend ) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.broke； results；pushed；was informed；presented；was pretending小结：动词的时态、语态是每年的考点，也是历年高考重点考查的项目，通常1-2道题. 重点考查的是时态，且多与语态一起考查.时态理解错误在考生中是常见的，把握命题人的意图是至关重要的.1).先判断所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，2). 谓语动词的话，判断用主动语态还是被动语态，3). 判断用那种时态（根据具体的语境、时间状语或另一动词）.4). 确定所填动词的形式，保证谓语动词时态、语态、人称和数的一致.5). 特别注意：时态变化时不规则动词的拼写.考点2 . 非谓语动词(1). While she was getting me _______ ( settle ) into a tiny but clean room.(2). The Proverb, “ Plucking up a crop _______( help ) it grow,” is based the following story.(3). She wished that he was as easy ________ ( please ) as her mother.(4). He spit it out , ______ ( say ) it was awful.(5). --- and then I noticed a man ______ ( sit ) at the front.settled ；to help；to please；saying；sitting / sit小结：非谓语动词每年必考，至少1道题，主要考查：1). 动名词和不等式做宾语的区别；2). 非谓语动词做宾补的区别；3). 非谓语动词的时态、语态、否定式和复合结构.解题：确定非谓语动词；（先分析句子结构，若句子已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，所给的动词就是非谓语动词）；确定用那种非谓语动词；（在句子中作什么句子成分，结合固定搭配和习惯用法）；确定语态；（结合与逻辑主语的关系，确定填那种语态）；确定用那种时态；（非谓语动词所表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作生的先后关系确定时态）.考点3. 情态动词小结：情态动词主要考查：推测和可能性；情态动词+ Have done ；虚拟语气； shall, should, can 和must 所表示的特定语气.重点注意：1).must , can, could, may, might 表示可能性( 按可能性大小排列 ).2). must/ could/may/ might ( have done) 表示对发生事情的推测.3).should/ought + to + have done 表示对过去的责备.4).will/ shall 表示请求、许可.5). could /might/ should + have done 表示虚拟语气等.考点4. 冠词（1）.--- the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to _____ small town some 20 kilometers away.（2）.Shopping at this time of the year was not ______ pleasant experience.（3）.A young man came across a spring of clear water, _______ water was sweet.（4）.We had _______ amazing conversation.a ;a ;the ; an小结：冠词是高考的常考点. 若空格后面的名词或形容词+ 名词前没有物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格、指示代词等限定词时，很可能填冠词.实战：1) . 如果空格及后面的名词可翻译成“ 一个（本、种、杯 ------）” 时，一般填 a/an.如果可翻译成“ 这、这些、那、那些”时，一般填 the .2) . 泛指填a\an , 特指填the.3). 如果名词后面有: of 短语、不定式、分词或从句等做定语时可能填the.定冠词的用法比较不好记，下面的顺口溜或许能帮助大家.特指双熟悉，上文已提及；世上独无二，序数最高级；普转专有名，习语及乐器.语法填空讲练第1篇阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31――40的相应位置上.According to a recent survey, violence did exist in schools. Students showed their fear and parents and teachers also expressed their great concern about it. Experts hope the whole society pay more attention to the mental health of adolescents.Nowadays, school violence is 31 hot issue. I think this is a phenomenon, 32 calls for our great concern. We should try every effort 33 (prevent) violence happening at school for more and more students would drop out of school 34 their personal safety could not 35 (guarantee). In fact, violence can 36 (learn). Children learn violent behavior from adults or from 37 they see on television or on the Internet.If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence 38 violence, for it will result in 39 (much) fighting. I will tell my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys.All in all, every student should behave 40 (he) and keep away from violence.答案：文章向我们介绍了作者对校园暴力的看法.31．a 这里需要一个不定冠词表示某个的意思.32．这里要用which 引导一个非限制性定语从句，因为先行词为物，所以要用which.33．to prevent 不定式作目的状语.34．if／as long as 人身安全得不到保障是辍学的条件，所以应该用引导连接条件状语从句连词.35．be guaranteed 所给动词和其逻辑主语是动宾关系，所以要用被动语态.36．be learned 事实上；暴力是可以学的.37．what 引导一个宾语从句，并且在从句中作宾语，所以要用what.38．with 表示方式，意思是“用”.39．more 由语境可知，以暴力对付暴力，只能产生更多的暴力.40．himself behave oneself表现良好，行为良好.语法填空讲练第2篇阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31――40的相应位置上.In the 1950s, a family that owned a farm near Beulah, Michigan kept a bull chained to an elm (榆树). The bull paced 31 the tree, dragging the heavy iron chain, which led to a groove (槽) in the bark (树皮). The groove 32 (deep) over the years. Though for whatever reason, it did not kill the tree.33 some years, the family took their bull away. They cut the chain, leaving the loop around the tree and one link 34 (hang down).Then one year, agricultural catastrophe struck Michigan in 35 form of Dutch elm disease. All of the elms lining the road leading to the farm became infected 36 died. Everyone thought that the old elm would be the next. The farm owners considered 37 (go) the safe thing: pulling it out and chopping it up into firewood before it died.Amazingly 38 (amazing), the tree did not die. Nobody could understand 39 it was the only elm still standing in the county. It' s said that 40 doesn' t kill you will make you stronger. Or, as a plant pathologists (病理学家 ) put it , "Life breaks us all, but afterwards, many of us are strongest at the broken places."答案：这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章.文章通过叙述一棵老榆树大难不死的故事告诉我们这样一个道。
上海高考英语语法新题型常见填空格式表格版
◆be doing/be about to do when...
◆it won’t/wasn’t long before...
1.until +n.(last week)
2.long after过了很久
3.If...,then...
两空
情态动词
have to
连词
even if/even though/so that/not only…but also/in case
Prep.
rather than(do)/instead of(doing)/except for/due to/such as
三空
情态动词
be able to
连词
as long as/as well as/so as to
1.主语单复数（单复数同行词）
2.过去式、进行时动词变化、双写
3.多考点结合
4.看vi./vt.系动词是vi.
adj.
①less/more
②the most…
1.adj.本身变为-ier
一空
a/an/the
同位语用a ,特指用the
◆come atasecond(紧随其后)
◆walkalong distance from
英语语法答题规则6.0
“”/句子开头要大写
题型
考点
具体
固定搭配
注意点
v.
①主动/被动→非谓语
②一般时/过去式/将来时/进行时/完成时（可能结合）
③虚拟语气
did/were/had done
①it is done that…（形式主语）
②To do/Done/Doing
(完整word)上海高考英语语法填空新题型.doc
语法填空2017 上海英高考改革，法填空由2014 年法改革后的两篇16 空改成一篇10 个空，同学把握篇，在短内完成填空，并有高的正确率提出了新的要求。
在法填空中要搞清楚几点基本原：一、法填空然是段里填空而不是，但是考的内容仍然是基本的法内容，而不是上下文篇的理解，因此无需文章做深次的理解，只需从目所在的句行入手。
只有个目（尤其是状语从句的关填空）需要关注上下文的关系。
切，不要因文章而浪了。
一般10 道目需要在 8 分内完成。
二、注意：除了后面括号后了，所填的可能不止一个，其他的一定是一个空一个，特要掌握两个或者三个空的介、或者情。
如：in case of; in spite of; due to; as well as; so that; in addition to; as long as; even if; as if; have to; ought to 等。
ed/ing】，三、不少同学在做将所改了性，是万万不可的【除了加也是上海卷的法填空区于外地法填空的明之。
四、副如 even、 almost、 often 等是不可能填的；同的在没有出否定not 或者 never 的情况下，自己是不能添加的。
比如有的同学填can’t 是不可能的。
五、一定要学会句子成分的划分，不可以用于法填空也可以用于小猫的填空。
尤其是在需要填写形式的目中。
六、复数形式要利用好，很多候可以判定所填的是否正确。
如：Even a small amount, he says, _______ make a person sick.七、注意助，如 2014 年倒装句 ; 渡如however, instead, moreover 等也可能考。
八、有些固定搭配中介可要可不要，如果填写在空格中，介一定不能入。
如：have difficulty (in) doing, spend ⋯ (in) doing, be busy (in) doing, prevent⋯(from) doing.九、高考中及的填空占主要分数，因此需着重关注两大的法要点。
上海高考英语语法填空题考点及解题技巧
解题方法
3. 复读全文，检查答案。
所有的空白处都填好了。这时，我们有必要把整篇文章从头至尾反复从语 义和逻辑的角度审视全文，从词义辨析，词语搭配，和习惯用语仔细推敲， 看其语法是否正确，行文是否通顺流畅，条理是否清晰，是否符合语感。还 要特别注意单词的拼写，千万不能犯由于单词写错而导致失分的低级错误。 要仔细揣摩，准确定夺。
1. 语法填空题—能力要求
➢阅读/理解语篇的能力; ➢分析句子结构的能力; ➢熟练运用语法的能力。
2. 语法填空题—解题步骤
➢快速浏览全文，把握文章大意、作者写作 意图和总体时态；
➢分析句子结构---主谓结构; • 点击此处更换文本编辑文字点击此处更换文本编辑文字点击此处更换文本编 辑文字点击此处更换文本编辑文字点击此处更换文本编辑文字
考查语法点: 定冠词,不定冠词的用法
解题技巧
考点二：介词
注意固定搭配
1. In short, we should make full use ___o_f____ every
opportunity to practice English.
2. __W__it_h___ the help of my friend, I finished the work on
➢根据上下文把握空格意思。
命题特点
1. 所选短文大约400左右个单词，难度适中，基本适合高中生阅读。 2. 挖出10个空格。有的空格后有提示有的没有提示，挖空一般较均匀，不过密也不过疏。 所缺的地方一般不会影响学生的理解。 3. 出题更多的是从词汇搭配和语言知识的运用上着手，上下文的理解放在相对次要的位置。 4. 出题一般涉及到以下几个方面： 1）动词与介词或副词搭配构成的固定词、短语； 2）冠词的用法； 3）连词的用法，包括从属连词和并列连词、生词的用法； 4）动词的适当形式 包括时态、语态、非谓语动词等； 5）形容词和副词的比较级和最高级； 6）情态动词的用法； 7）从句的引导词等。
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来看，我们能大致得出以下几个结论，供参考：
连贯性。如果从英语写作来理解，
一般涉及两个方面。一是指代词
等的运用。一般在文中以同义词、反义词或代词重复关键词能使整个篇章的语意连贯流畅。因此 第一个考点就是代词等的运用。第二是指关联词语的运用。关联词语的使用是语言的书面表达中 最主要的衔接手段。这里的关联词语包括以下几类：fuck myself? 表并列、递进： 表举例： 表重复： 表对比： 表因果： 表让步： 表强调： 表顺序： 表态度： 表总结：
当然这一
本身就存在很多问题。一来既然有 、 两篇，就应该写作 ？我们以前做的同类型题目大都是选词填 很明显是动词的时态语态或非谓语与谓语
，而不应使用单数。第二，什么叫 空练习，且给的词大多是动词，因此所谓的
等的变化。但现行高考的语法填空题还可能给形容词或副词，那就会牵扯出很多问题。从我们的 模拟题的结果来看也是如此。由于空格中的词没有给词性，部分动词又可以作名词，因此会闹出 许多不同的答案。另外，学生也有疑问：利用构词法进行词性的转变是否算 外，形容词、副词还有反义词，这算是 问题：
P.F. Productions 2014 届上海英语高考备考组 制作 3 / 29
若结合语法的基本考查点，这一 连词是两者中最重要的一个考查点。 ②
考查的主要是各类包含逻辑含义的连词、副词等。当然
这涉及的范围更广，包含了以前语法选择题所涉及的所有内容，还可能增加冠词、主谓一致 等多年未正式出现在语法选择题中的语法知识点。 zhucanqi@ 含关键词的空格 高考 都是严格规范的，所以既然 说的是 ，那么一般情况下， 只能给一个关键词。并且相对于不含关键词的空格， 结构，字数一般较多。但在这一版的 其框定一下。 不含关键词的空格 相对于含关键词的空格，不含关键词的空格已有更为明确的字数要求—— 空只能填写一个单词。这样限定字数是有道理的，因为诸如定冠词 规定。 另外，不含关键词的空格，主要考查的是从句连词、介词、冠词等内容。既然每个空格内有 且只能有一个单词，是否意味着诸如 会考查，零冠词可以完全排除？这都必须等新题型有真题后才能判断。 下面将根据空格是否带有关键词分类讲述解题技巧。解题技巧也会根据不同知识点，从篇章 层面和语法层面讲述需要注意的地方。 三、 含关键词的空格解题技巧 概述 含关键词的空格一般涉及 、形容词或副词。如前所述，由于中心组没有明确说是否动词 ，这是我们也始料不及的。其实 可以改变词性，因此建议还是不要改变动词词性。另外，我们的调研还发现一些考生会将一些词 汇的词性弄混淆，主要是将动词认为是名词，例如 主，很少会是名词。 动词 动词（包括动词词组，后同）作为一种重要的词类，在中学英语教育中有着举足轻重的地位， 语法填空题中自然也缺不了它。需注意动词的以下几方面内容。 ①谓语动词 非谓语动词 作动词、名词时含义完全不同，只需根据上下文很快就能判断出来，况且关键词一般是以动词为 等“多词”连词就不 ，即每 形 也可替换成不定冠词 没有对含关键词的空格填空限定字 一词，建议还是应对
当然非谓语动词有不定式、
究竟选择哪种大致需参照以下几点决定： fuck myself? 非谓语动词的潜在含义及与谓语动词的转换 非谓语动词虽与谓语动词有着本质上的不同，但两者也有相同之处，很多时候还可以互相转 换。非谓语动词的潜在含义可以从语态、时态两个概念进行分析，详见下表： 不定式 语态 时态 主动 将来 分词 主动 现在 分词 被动 过去 的关系可以判定使用哪种非谓语
届上海英语高考备考组制作的 ，但有同学填的却是“
届上海高考英语区县学校同步
练习试卷，根据上下文应该填写的是
了，添加了逗号的词理论上说也算是一个词，但能算对吗？很明显，为避免一道题有多个答案让 阅卷老师晕头转向，也避免产生歧义，还是对 最后， 这个 有一个具体的说明为好。 ， 对未给关键词的空格填空也有说明不到位的地方。 原句使用的是
P.F. Productions 2014 届上海英语高考备考组 制作 4 / 29
翻译学者陈宏薇对英语句法特征有如下描述：主语突出且只能由名词或名词性的词语担任； 谓语绝对受主语支配，在人称和数上面必须和主语保持一致，有时态、语态和语气的变化；句与 句之间多以明示逻辑关系的连接词相连。如果对她的话进一步分析，我们能发现：一般情况下在 正规语体中，一句单句［或称小句（ ① 此判断 一词必须使用谓语动词形式） （一句单句中存 在多个谓语动词的特殊情况） 当要多添加一个谓语动词，就相当要多加一句单句，并需要相应增加一个连接词连接两个单 句。如果不添加连接词，则必须改用非谓语动词。这就是 P.F. Productions 反复强调的“结构最大” 原则（ ） ：一般情况下，一句句子中只允许有一个谓语动词；若要添加一个 个 （其中 n N ） 。 谓语动词，则需加入一个连词；若不增加连词，则需将谓语动词转变为非谓语动词；一般情况下， 将句中所省略的连词全部补全， 若有连词 个， 则从句有 个， 谓语 动 词 有 ① ② ③ 纪念品 利用这一原则很容易判断何处该使用谓语动词，何处应该使用非谓语动词，如： ） ，即指拥有完整主语、谓语动词且可独立成句的句子］ （这一个单句中缺少谓语动词，由 必须有而且只能有一个谓语动词（特殊情况除外） 。例如：zhucanqi@
上海英语高考 语法填空新题型解题技巧（对外版）
P.F. Productions 制作 版权所有，未经官方许可，请勿转载或用作商业用途，违反者后果自负 内容仅供参考
目录
一、序言 二、试题要求见解 填词标准 含关键词的空格 不含关键词的空格 三、含关键词的空格解题技巧 概述 动词 形容词与副词 四、不含关键词的空格解题技巧 概述 预判空格内应填写内容 代词与限定词 介词 情态动词 倒装 主从复合句概述 名词性从句 状语从句 定语从句 并列 其他结构 五、总结
P.F. Productions 2014 届上海英语高考备考组 制作
1 / 29
™
©P.F. Productions 版权所有 保留一切合法权利
一、 序言 今年是上海英语高考实行“语法填空题”的第一年。正如以前实行“小猫钓鱼” 、 “阅读填空 题”等新题型时一样，教师学生都对新题型有着不同的见解。 今年的语法填空题与中考的首字母填空不同，首字母填空主要考察词汇及文章上下文，而高 考本题还是“语法题” 。语法填空题与完形填空不同，完形填空主要考查的还是文章主线、词义复 现以及逻辑关系，语法填空题虽然也是在文章背景下，诸如连词填空也会依据文章，但诸如介词、 冠词的考察却没有完形填空那样与文章有很大的紧密度。上海的语法填空题也与现行广东省高考 语法填空题也有所不一样，一方面上海卷题量、文章数量上有所上升，另一方面两者的考察广度、 试题难度均不同，广东卷考察主要为动词时态语态、构词法、介词、非谓语、冠词等，而上海卷 原来诸如情态动词、形容词与副词、反意疑问句、倒装句、 东卷的难度低。zhucanqi@ 究竟会如何命题、 试题的难度究竟为多少， 这都有待 但对于 届上海英语高考考试后才方能知晓。 届的考生来说，不可能等到考试后再反思。因此 P.F. Productions 上海英语高考备考 的用法等并没有明确说明会“退出 历史舞台” ，即使不出现在语法填空题也会出现在翻译题中，这是大势所趋，其难度也绝不会比广
P.F. Productions 2014 届上海英语高考备考组 制作 2 / 29
？除此以
吗？以下结合一些示例来说明上述提到的几个
① ② ③ ④ 第 的 ， 作 某些不知道 题取自闵行区模拟考。很明显①空应该填入 ，但有同学填的是 ，从 ，这能算所谓 语法层面上说没有问题，问题则是 毕竟增加了一个定语从句引导词 题可以填
组还是集合了部分教师代表，根据自己的理解编写了本材料，供教师、学生参考。 二、 试题要求见解 要了解“语法填空题”的试题要求，最好的还是能够从试题的 还是能看出一些端倪的。zhucanqi@ 原先“语法填空题”的 篇，共 空，每空一分，其 来源于闵行区 是这样的： 学年第二学期高二年级质量调研考试的 、 两 英语试卷。这套试卷是较早在网上曝光的有关“新题型”的官方命题，当时说本大题有 看起。虽然考试院没 有公布具体的评分标准 （这类标准往往有待于真题出炉后方能知晓） ， 但从手头上拥有的
数，因为一般给的是动词、形容词或副词，主要考察时态语态、非谓语与谓语的转换或者是比较 ，还是使用的是
容词组合。为避免出现无数种答案的情形，就必须要限定字数。考生应该严格遵守“每空一词”
原来存在选项的语法选择题，很少考查谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别，也只有在祈使句结构 中考查一下，其他情况下要么考查谓语动词，要么考查非谓语动词，很少将两者混在一起考查。 但采用填空题形式后， P.F. Productions 调研发现许多同学对于谓语动词与非谓语动词的 掌握不够，根本分不清出哪里应该填谓语动词，哪里应该填非谓语动词。
第
句明显是一个单句， 且已存在唯一谓语动词 ， 而 必须使用非谓语形式。第 用作非谓语动词。 分词与 分词 （ 两个谓语动词，但只有
与
为动宾关系， 故
作非谓语动词。同样②空 数量已满足规定，故
句较复杂，句中存在
一个连接词，根据“结构最大”原则，谓语动词数量与连接词 分词指动名词与现在分词， 下同） 之分。
在某些试题中，根据非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的语态、 词的复杂形式满足
动词形式最为合适。注意：当语态与时态概念相冲突时，首先应满足语态，后使用相应非谓语动 。还可以与谓语动词进行转换判断，例如： ① 如前所述， ①空应该填入非谓语动词。 转换成谓语动词时， 该句为： 由此可知 根据语态选择 分词。若使用 与逻辑主语 为主动关系，但动作发生在过去。此时先 则表示动作有先后，与题意不符，所以填 。
吗？如果这能被认可， 那是否意味着除关键词以外无论加上什么都能被认可呢？这 ，也可以通过构词法变为 呢？③空中可以填 ，但 吗？第 ，问题又来 的同位语。 两者是否都算对呢？有些模拟卷涉及形容词通过构词法变为副词， 这一用法的同学可能会填 ，这能算对吗？反义词也算 ”而不是