寒假辅导补习材料(高中英语)

新启航教育高中英语暑期辅导材料

辅导一：简单句的六种基本句式:

句式1：主语＋谓语(不及物动词)

特点：短小精悍，表意简练，需用不及物动词或相当于不及物动词的动词短语作谓语。

My father ________ in Beijing last year.去年我父亲在北京工作.

The gas has ________ _________.煤气用完了。

注意：该句式的谓语多为不及物动词或相当于不及物动词的短语，因此没有被动语态，如下面的句子：Great changes have taken place in the past 30 years in China.

不可说：Great changes have been taken place in the past 30 years in China.

句式2：主语＋系动词＋表语

特点：句子简单，侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样；谓语动词需用系动词；表语多为形容词，也可为名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。

系动词分类:

状态类：be

表像类：seem appear

感官类：feel look sound smell taste

变化类：become come go get grow run turn fall

持续类：remain continue stay keep

All these dictionaries _________ a great help to me. 所有这些词典都对我帮助很大。

He _________(to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心

He always ________silent at the meeting. 他开会是总是保持沉默。

This kind of cloth _________ very soft. 这种布手感很软

He __________ mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。

Her ideal has come ________.她的理想实现了。

注意: 连系动词后面一般不接副词作表语，如：

The apple tastes well.(×) 要说：The apple tastes good.

He looked sadly.(×) 要说：He looked sad.

句式3：主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语

特点：此句式的共同特点是谓语动词都是及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。

They will _______ __________________ next year. 他们明年将种植三千棵树.

Some of the students are always longing for ___________.有些学生总是渴望着放假。

注意：该句式的谓语动词要用及物动词。如果是不及物动词，后面一定要跟介词构成及物词组，如：

He is listening to music.他正在听音乐。

句式4：主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语

特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。

Last month my mum bought ______ ______ _________.

我妈妈上个月给我买了台电脑

That gentleman told us _____ ________ __________..

那位绅士给我们讲了个有趣的故事。

句式5：主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语（n./adj./adv./-ing/v-pp/to do）

特点：该句式中动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来说明宾语，才能使意思完整。宾语补足语用来补充、说明宾语的情况。

I found him out. 我发现他出去了。

They painted the door white. 他们把门粉刷成白色。

He asked me to telephone him after 10 o’clock.他叫我十点后给他打电话。

When I came in, I found him ________a letter. 我进来时，发现他正在写信。

句式6：There be /lives/stands/happens/must be…句型

我家房前有棵树。There is a tree in front of my house.

昨天发生了一件不愉快的事。There _________ an unhappy thing yesterday.

远处有座高楼。There stands a high building in the distance.

会议室里有一些客人在讲话. There are some people _________ in the meeting room.

下周将举行运动会。There will be a sports meet next week.

灯还亮着，办公室里一定有人。The light is on, so there ________ ______ someone in the office.

【判断句式】

1．The sun rises in the east.

2．He likes reading books.

3．We all call my pet dog “Little Tom”.

4．The flowers smell nice.

5．The American Civil War broke out in 1861.

6．Your watch is under repair.

7．Don’t make your mother worried.

8．Who had you write this article？

9．You shouldn’t have kept h im waiting outside.

10．We elected John monitor in our class.

11．I found him crying in the room.

12. I spent my holiday in the country.