美国政治制度英文

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美国政治制度英文

美国政治制度英文The Political System of the United StatesThe United States of America is known for its unique political system that has shaped the country's history and governing principles. The foundation of the political system is based on the Constitution, which was adopted in 1787 and has served as a guiding document for over two centuries.The U.S. political system is characterized by its federal structure, with power divided between the federal government and the fifty individual states. This system was created to ensure a balance of power and to protect the rights of both the federal government and the states. The federal government is responsible for national issues such as defense, foreign policy, and trade, while the states have authority over issues such as education, healthcare, and transportation.At the federal level, power is divided into three branches: the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. The executive branch is headed by the President, who is elected by the people for a four-year term. The President is responsible for implementing and enforcing laws, as well as making key decisions on domestic and foreign policy. The legislative branch consists of the Congress, which is composed of two houses – the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Congress is responsible for making laws, approving the federal budget, and representing the interests of the American people. The judicial branch is made up of the Supreme Court and other federal courts, which are responsible for interpreting the laws and ensuring their constitutionality.The U.S. political system is also known for its two-party system, consisting of the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. While there are other political parties in the country, these two parties dominate the political landscape. Elections are held regularly to choose political leaders at all levels – from the President to local officials. The process of electing the President is unique, as it involves an electoral college system rather than a direct popular vote. This system ensures that small states have a say in the election process, as each state is allocated a number of electoral votes based on its representation in Congress.In addition to the division of powers, the U.S. political system guarantees certain rights and freedoms to its citizens. These rights are outlined in the Bill of Rights, the first ten amendments to the Constitution, and include freedom of speech, religion, and assembly. It also guarantees due process of law and protection against unreasonable searches and seizures.The United States' political system has faced many challenges throughout its history, but it has proven resilient and adaptable. Its federal structure and separation of powers have promoted checks and balances, preventing any one branch of government from becoming too powerful. The two-party system ensures a diversity of viewpoints and promotes competition within the political system. In conclusion, the political system of the United States is characterized by its federal structure, separation of powers, and two-party system. It is built on the principles of the Constitution, which guarantees rights and freedoms to its citizens. Despite itschallenges, the U.S. political system has been instrumental in shaping the country's history and promoting democratic governance.。

美国政治制度用英语简洁介绍

美国政治制度用英语简洁介绍篇一：美国政治制度的英语作文The United State political systemAs far as I am concerned, I believe that the Constitutional federal republish of The United State is democratic. The United State federal system pursues the principe of “Checks and Balan ces”. The American constitution required that the state authority consisted of legislative branch, executive branch, judicial branch , which was parallel to others and restricted others. The Congress consists of the House and the Senate. Each state has two senators despite the population, which ensures that the small states have an equal power in one of the houses of Congress. The House of Representatives are elected according to the proportion of the population states. The main duty of the Congress is to make laws. Only when the House and the Senate vote and pass the bill and then send it to the president for his signature, can it become a law. The chief executive of the United State is the president.He is head of government, commander–in–chief of the armed forces and chief of state. The president is elected by the citizens and he has to be responsible for them. The president can veto the law that the Congressproposes. However,Congress can enact the law despite the president’s views only if two thirds of the members of both houses vote in favour of it. The judicial branch is headed by the Supreme Court. The judges are appointed by the president. The judges can have lifelong tenure if they do not commit a crime.In my opinion, I think that both the presidential election and the enactment of law in the United State are democratic. Thomas Jefferson ever said“As far as I understand it, the supreme power of the most reliable person in charge can only be the people themselves” in 1820. The American system of government represents the citizens benefit and promotes the economic development rapidly.However, the American system has also existed disadvantages. I think the racial prejudice is a serious problem in American society. A 18‐year‐old black youth named Michael Brown was shot by a white policeman and finally died in Missouri, America on August 9th 2014. whichcaused large‐scale demonstrations and developed the violent incident such as beating,smashing and looting in many places. When the grand jury judgedthat the white policeman can not be accused on November 24th , the protests spread quickly more than 170 cities in America. This issue caused wild public concern not only at home but also all over the world. Unfortunately, the racial problem has not been solved yet.Different from the America, China carried out the system of people’s congress, which fits our country’s situation. In political parties, America has two‐party system but China insists an single‐party system. I think that Chinese system has high efficiency in a short time but has poor long‐term stability, because of lacking power supervision. Instead, American system has low efficiency in short‐term but has high efficiency for a long time. Therefore, we can not say the Chinese system is superior to American system, because they both fit their own country’s situation and have positive impact on the economical development. However,the officials looting has become a more and more serious problem in our country. The officials’duties are serving to the people and doing something beneficial to the public. Butthey failed in their responsibility and looted,which may cause the public feel disappointed to the government. Although the government has taken effective measures to suppress the corruption,officials looting remains a serious problem in our country. So,I think that our government should perfect the power supervision system constantly and prevent the officials from looting. Only by doing this, our country may become better and better.篇二：美国政治制度英文the united state political systemin my opinion, i think that both the presidential election and the enactment of law in the united state are democratic. thomas jefferson ever said“as far as i understand it, the supreme power of the most reliable person in charge can only be the people themselves” in 1820. the american system of government represents the citizens benefit and promotes the economic development rapidly.however, the american system has also existed disadvantages. i think the racial prejudice is a serious problem in american society. a 18‐year‐old black youth named michael brown was shot by a white policeman and finally died in missouri, america on august 9th 2014. whichcaused large‐scale demonstrations and developed the violent incident such as beating,smashing and looting in many places. when the grand jury judgedthat the white policeman can not be accused on november 24th , the protests spread quickly more than 170 cities in america. this issue caused wild public concern not only at home but also all over the world. unfortunately, the racial problem has not been solved yet.the united state political systemin my opinion, i think that both the presidential election and the enactment of law in the united state are democratic. thomas jefferson ever said“as far as i understand it, th e supreme power of the most reliable person in charge can only be the people themselves” in 1820. the american system of government represents the citizens benefit and promotes the economic development rapidly.however, the american system has also existed disadvantages. i think the racial prejudice is a serious problem in american society. a 18‐year‐old black youth named michael brown was shot by a white policeman and finally died in missouri, america on august 9th 2014. which caused large‐scale demonstrations and developed theviolent incident such as beating,smashing and looting in many places. when the grand jury judgedthat the white policeman can not be accused on november 24th , the protests spread quickly more than 170 cities in america. this issue caused wild public concern not only at home but also all over the world. unfortunately, the racial problem has not been solved yet.一、英国政治体制的模式及特点英国的政治制度是典型的君主立宪制，其主要特点是“议会至上”、以内阁为权力核心、君主虚位、政党组织严密。

美国政治制度

• The settlement of two main fears 1.To avoid tyranny 2.To handle the conflicts in powers between
the central government and the state governments
• Quarrels concerning individual rights
1791 Bill of Rights to guarantee the freedoms or the basic rights and privileges of citizens and to protect individual rights against tyranny
Legislative branch
•
• Congress today retains the power to
create and abolish federal courts, as well as to determine the number of judges in the federal judiciary system. • Congress cannot, however, abolish the Supreme Court.
• Functions
make federal laws levy federal taxes declare the war put foreign treaties into effect
Structure
• The House of Representatives
house members • The Senate senators
Executive Branch

英国美国政治制度英语作文

英国美国政治制度英语作文English: The political systems of the United Kingdom and the United States have key differences that stem from their historical development and principles. The UK operates under a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system, where the monarch is the head of state but the Prime Minister is the head of government. The US, on the other hand, is a federal republic with a presidential system, where the President is both the head of state and government. In the UK, Parliament consists of two houses - the House of Commons and the House of Lords - with the Prime Minister being the leader of the majority party in the Commons. In the US, Congress is divided into the House of Representatives and the Senate, with the President being elected independently from Congress. Additionally, the UK has a unitary system where power is centralized in Westminster, while the US has a federal system with power divided between the federal government and state governments. These differences in political systems lead to varying approaches to governance, decision-making, and checks and balances between branches of government.中文翻译: 英国和美国的政治制度有着根源于历史发展和原则的重要差异。

英美政治制度

英美政治制度The Political Systems of the United States and United Kingdom (UK)The United States and the United Kingdom, two influential democratic countries with rich histories and global impacts, each have their own unique political systems. While both systems are built on democratic principles and have many similarities, there are also distinct differences between them.The United States, as a federal republic, operates under a system known as a presidential system. The country is divided into 50 states, each with its own government, and a central federal government. The President of the United States is the head of state and government and is elected by the citizens through an electoral college system. The president serves as the chief executive and has the power to veto bills passed by the Congress. The Congress, composed of the House of Representatives and the Senate, is responsible for making and passing laws. The members of the Congress are elected by the people through direct voting.On the other hand, the United Kingdom operates under a constitutional monarchy system with a parliamentary democracy. The monarch, currently Queen Elizabeth II, serves as the head of state, while the Prime Minister is the head of government. The Prime Minister is appointed by the monarch and is the leader of the majority party or coalition in the House of Commons, the lower chamber of the UK Parliament. Members of Parliament (MPs) are elected by the people in their respective constituencies. The House of Lords, the upper chamber, consists of appointed members,including life peers and bishops.One key difference between the two systems is the role of the head of state. In the United States, the president holds both the ceremonial role as the head of state and the executive power as the head of government. On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, the queen or king serves as the ceremonial head of state, while the Prime Minister holds the executive power. This distinction allows the United Kingdom to separate the monarchy's symbolic role from the political decision-making process.Another difference lies in the election processes. In the United States, the president is elected by an electoral college, a group of electors from each state who vote for the president. This system was put in place to balance the interests of both the states and the population. In contrast, in the United Kingdom, the Prime Minister is not elected directly but is chosen by the majority party or coalition in the House of Commons. The citizens vote for their local MPs, who then choose the Prime Minister.The United States and the United Kingdom both have effective systems of checks and balances, ensuring the division of powers and preventing abuse of power. However, the specific mechanisms differ. In the United States, the Constitution sets forth a system of checks and balances between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The president's power to veto legislation and the Supreme Court's authority to interpret laws are examples of these checks. In the United Kingdom, the parliamentary system provides checks and balances through debates, questioning, and scrutiny by both the House of Commons and the House of Lords.In conclusion, while both the United States and the United Kingdom have democratic political systems, they differ in their governance structure and election processes. The United States operates under a presidential system, with the president holding both the ceremonial and executive powers. On the other hand, the United Kingdom operates under a constitutional monarchy system with a parliamentary democracy, separating the roles of the head of state and the head of government. Both systems have been effective in maintaining democracy and ensuring the separation of powers.。

美国政治制度

The Characteristics of the Two Major Parties in the United States
(1)The Democrats are thought of as associated with labour, minorty groups, and the poor, while the Republicans are as associated with business, Anglo-Americans, and the rich. (2)Republicans tend to oppose the greter involvement of the federal government in some areas of public life which they consider to be the responsibility of the states. Democrats, on the other hand, tend to favor a more active role of the national government in social maters. (3)In spite of these differences, the two parties believe in individualism, defend capitalism and uphold the private ownership of means of production. (4)In terms of organization, the two parties are actually loose political coalitions, and their function are to help their candidates win election.

美国政权制度

美国政权制度“三权分立”三权分立, 美国, 制度, 政权The federal government of the United States was established by the US Constitution（宪法）, which is the supreme law of the nation, providing a framework for the US government. The document defines three main branches of government: legislative, executive and judicial（立法，行政，司法）. Through a system of separating the powers of these branches, these three branches form a system of “check and balances”(制衡原则) where each one helps to regulate the others.Let’s get back to the 3 branches of government. The legislative branch has the power to create, amend and change laws. The primary components of any legislature are the chambers, or houses. These chambers/houses are assemblies, a group of people gathered together for a similar purpose, in this case to debate and vote on bills--proposed laws that have not yet been adopted. A legislature with one house is called, unicameral（单院制）, and with two is bicameral（两院制）. The US legislature, known as the US Congress, is a bicameral legislature, with two houses differing in duties, powers, and the methods used to select its members. Our two legislative houses are known as the House of Representatives and the Senate（众议院与参议院）.The House of Representatives is based on each state’s population, although each state has at least one representative.Currently there are 435 voting members of the House, and each representative serves a 2-year term. The head of the House is known as the Speaker. The Senate is different in that every state elects 2 senators, regardless of the state population, to serve 6-year terms. As the US has 50 states, we have a total of 100 senators. Although the two chambers have different duties, the consent of both houses must be obtained to make anylaw.美国三权分立的利弊(英文)？这是一篇有关美国三权分立优缺点的英文短文,应该对您有用.The separation of powers, also known as trias politica, is a model for the governance of democratic states. The model was first developed in ancient Greece and cam e into widespread use by the Roman Republic as part of the uncodified Constitutio n of the Roman Republic. Under this model, the state is divided into branches or estates, each with separate and independent powers and areas of responsibility. Th e normal division of estates is into an executive, a legislature, and a judiciary.Parliamentary democracies do not have distinct separation of powers. The executiv e, which often consists of a prime minister and cabinet ("government"), is drawn fr om the legislature (parliament). This is the principle of responsible government. Ho wever, although the legislative and executive branches are connected, in parliament ary systems there is usually an independent judiciary and the government's role in the parliament does not give them unlimited legislative influence.Advantages and disadvantages the separation of powers, also known as trias politic a, is a model for the governance of democratic states. the model was first develop ed in ancient greece and came into widespread use by the roman republic as part of the uncodified constitution of the roman republic. under this model, the state is divided into branches or estates, each with separate and independent powers and areas of responsibility. the normal division of estates is into an executive, a legisl ature, and a judiciary.parliamentary democracies do not have distinct separation of powers. the executive, which often consists of a prime minister and cabinet ("government"), is drawn fro m the legislature (parliament). this is the principle of responsible government. howe ver, although the legislative and executive branches are connected, in parliamentary systems there is usually an independent judiciary and the government's role in the parliament does not give them unlimited legislative influence。

美国政体词汇

General introduction1.The State System国家体制A state of dictatorship of the bourgeoisie 资产阶级专政国家Federalism 联邦制度The separation of powers 三权分立Respect for the constitution and the rule of law 尊重宪法和法律规定2.The Constitution 宪法3.The Federal Government 联邦政府The executive 行政权→president 总统The legislative 立法权→congress 国会→Senate 参议院& the House of Representatives 众议院The judicial 司法权→Supreme Court 最高法院& Lower Federal Courts 下属联邦法院Checks and balances 制约与平衡"Tripartite" Political System 三权分立1.Executive Branch 行政机构Propose legislation to Congress 向国会建议立法Veto 否决Override 推翻Vacant occur 有空缺Succession 继任Impeachment 弹劾2.Legislative BranchLevy(征收)federal taxescongress 国会Senate 参议院the House of Representatives 众议院Representative 众议院议员Senator 参议院议员3.Judicial BranchThe Supreme Court 最高法院The chief justice 首席法官Associate justices 大法官Federal courts of appeal 上诉法院Federal district courts 地方法院Interpret the Constitution of the United States 解释宪法Resolve disputes 调解争端judicial review（司法审查）13 departmentsState 国务院Treasury 财政部Defense 国防部Justice 司法部Interior 内政部Agriculture农业部Commerce商业部Labor劳工部Education 教育部Transportation 交通部Energy 能源部Health and Human Service卫生与公共服务事业部Housing and Urban Development住房与城市发展部American electionCaucus 核心会议Conservative 保守派Debate 辩论Divided government 分治的政府Federal Election Campaign Act(FECA) 联邦竞选法Federal Election Commission(FEC) 联邦选举委员会Front loading 前期吃重Front runner 领先者Gender gap 性别差异Hard money/Soft money 硬钱/软钱Liberal 自由派Matching funds 对等资金Midterm election 中期选举Platform 政纲Plurality rule 简单多数原则Primary 初选Protest vote 投抗议票Public funding 公共资助Push polling导向性民意调查Redistricting 选区重划Single member district 单一席位选区Super Tuesday 超级星期二Coattails燕尾提举力Convention bounce会后弹升Front-loading前置Electoral College选举团Plurality简单多数Primary election预选选举Single-member district单一席位选区Ticket splitting选票分散Town meeting社民会议Tracking survey跟踪调查universal sufferage 普选exit poll 出口民意Political Parties 政党Democratic Party 民主党Republican Party 共和党Ballot 投票presidential campaign 总统竞选Presidential candidate 总统候选人。

英语美国政体

OverviewU.S. objective that is now the world's most developed countries, whether from the political and economic science, and technology, the objective with the United States that it is inseparable from the political system of the U.S. political system is the core of the system of separation of powers, democracy, freedom That human rights are the basic elements of society.OriginOther countries in the world, compared to the U.S. political life is in a unique structure of power, political power is widely dispersed in all sectors of the community, not for power-grade, but competition-style. As the U.S. government authority, including legislative, administrative, judicial three systems, each system plays a role in their own, while restricting each other, they are the most direct policy-makers. And to participate in and influence policy formulation also includes the various forces and other roles, such as business, finance, the legal profession, foundations, universities, media and cultural institutions and civil society organizations (women, racial, ethnic groups). David Truman (David Truman) to the most direct decision-makers and voters between the interest groups known as the "middle structure" and to treat them as part of government agencies. "The middle structure, including a large number of interest groups, companies, trade unions, churches, various professional associations, the media, political parties, these organizations between the Government and people betwee n government agencies and people linked bonds. They Neither in a subordinate position, not in a dominant position. This is the diversified structure of the distribution of power in American society an important form of expression. "Xiersiman (Hilsman) more concise explanation, he called the first lap of the Government of Policy makers, political parties and interest groups belong to the second circle of policy makers, the media, political parties and interest groups gain political power Yulungongju. This shows that the United States the formulation of government policy not only confined to government agencies and the top leaders of various social forces and social institutions play an important and decisive role.Therefore, the United States was considered typical of the multi-national democracy, which is well-known political scientist Robert said in the "polyarchy". Pluralist political system is the essential feature of decentralization, or the centre of power in diversification. Power to make all kinds of diverse political forces play a role in the decision making process, they compete for government agencies to exert influence, reflecting the various interests, in a bid to enable the formulation of policies consistent with their needs. [2] concrete expression of political pluralism: (1) American society, there are many powerful interest groups, they can use some effective ways to participate in decision-making process. Official U.S. policy is usually bargaining between the various groups and the result of a compromise. (2) all major groups in a relative balance of power and mutual constraints, and no one group is powerful enough to dominate other groups. (3) the balance of power between the various groups of a democratic society, natural state.FrameU.S. federal, state and local government outlinedU.S. government system began in 1776, initially only a concept based on freedom and democracy in the trial. However, history has proven that it is a very dynamic and adaptive system.Often referred to as the United States is a democracy, but, more precisely, the United States is the implementation of the federal constitutional republican (constitutional federal republic). "Constitutional" ( "constitutional") is the U.S. government is the establishment of the constitution on the basis of this"constitution" is the country's highest law ─ ─ not only determine the structure of federal and state governments, and established the government's authority. "Federation" ( "federal") system embodied in the United States by a national government and state government composed of 50. "Republican" ( "republic") is a means by the people in power, but by the elected representatives of the ruling regime. The operation of the U.S. political systemIt seems that some people in the United States system of government seems to be simple and straightforward: Congress enacted the law, the president implemented the law. But look closely you can see that in fact this is a much more complex with the interaction and the system of checks and balances.As a Republic, the U.S. government is in the fundamental power of the hands of the people. The people through regular at the president, members of Congress and state and local government officials of the election exercise of power. Elected officials and his team for the formulation of policies and laws, and is responsible for the daily operation of government."As far as I know, Social highest authority in charge of the most reliable person can only be the people themselves." - Thomas Jefferson (Thomas Jefferson), in 1820 the role of the Constitution "Constitution of the United States of America" (The US Constitution) was born in 1788, is the blueprint for the United States system of government. It provided by the three branches of government (legislative, executive and judicial), and determine their powers and working methods. "Constitution" one of the most important features is the creation of the separation of powers system of checks and balances so that one branch of government are the other two branches have some kind of binding. For example, the judicial branch of the Supreme Court by the executive branch to the President's appointment of the next legislative branch must also be approved by the Senate. Similarly, the Supreme Court to overturn enacted by Congress and the president signed the law. Such checks and balances between the government of any one sector can not be absolute power.Since the Government can only exercise its "constitution" under the specific powers, "constitution" for the people's rights and powers provided an important protection. Collectively, the "bill of rights" (Bill of Rights) of the "constitution" before the 10 amendments to protect all Americans the right to freedom, including freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion, free from unwarranted searches, as well as the right to trial by jury And so on."Constitution" as the fundamental law countries, governments at all levels of the legislative and executive powers are binding. Whether any laws or legal provisions, as long as the court decision was contrary to the "Constitution" and will fail. In this respect the Supreme Court has the final say. "Constitution" must be amended by the Senate and House of Representatives two-thirds of Members, and with more than three-quarters of the state's approval to set up. This process very difficult, since the "constitution" was born, there have been only 27 amendments passed, 1800 has only adopted 16 amendments also included.Federal, state and local government relationship between the"Constitution" is not only determined the structure and powers of the federal government, but also to the basic provisions of the state government. At the same time, all states have the state constitution, against the state constitution contains provisions within the local government. Local government refers to cities, counties, towns or school district and special district government. Local governments responsible for the management of local natural resources or transport system.The federal government the powers and duties ranging from "America the Constitution" limit. Belongs to the federal government's powers include: interstate trade, defense, Mint, immigration andnaturalization, and signed treaties with foreign countries.However, as time development, the "constitution" be in line with the changing times and explained that the federal government's power also will be changed. By the federal government and state government to develop some funding from federal, state laws and the implementation of the project. Such areas of cooperation include: education, social welfare, housing subsidies and nutrition, homeland security, traffic and emergency operations. These projects subject to the federal operation.Such cooperation so that the federal government has an impact on the ability of the state government. For example, in the 1970s, the federal government hoped that by reducing the highway speed limit on the maximum to reduce energy consumption. However, the federal government is not through direct legislation to achieve this goal, but that the non-state automatically reduce the speed of the state, will not be provided by the Federal Highway project funds. In addition, in many cases, the state government to obtain federal funding for its highway projects must also provide some funding.The local government structure and powers established by the state constitution. As the provisions of the state government may not be inconsistent with federal law, local governments by the state constitution and legal constraints.MediaIn the United States, the media is in private hands, not subject to government review. Independent newspapers, magazines, television, radio and other forms of media in the United States have a profound traditional, they published all kinds of criticism and support the government policy point of view.The media of public policy at least three important effects. First, in a wide range of policy makers always under the supervision of the news media. Government officials know that their words and deeds almost - even in private - could open by the media, they are not willing to take the public should not be decisions or actions.Second, the facts reported by the media and independent analysis of public policy to allow the public informed.Third, the media for publication and broadcasting sector (including readers and listeners) to provide a comment, then the forum can influence others, for example, many large newspapers published with the support of a candidate to run for office in an editorial or a policy of contributing褒贬The article.Three of the role of the media - will be government officials of exposure to the public informed and strive to support a particular candidate or policy - the public can have a direct impact on decision-making, can also be created based on public opinion in the decision-making indirectly Impact.。

英美政体相关词汇

实用文档英美政体相关词汇英国：资产阶级民主the bourgeois democracy 君主立宪constitutional monarchy 自民党the Liberal Democratic Party 保守党the Conservative Party工党the Labor Party 执政党the Government Party英国内阁the British Cabinet 反对党the Opposition Party上议院the House of Lords (the Upper House )下议院the House of Commons (the Lower House )枢密院the Privy Council 内阁大臣Cabinet minister大宪章the Great Charter 外交大臣the Foreign Secretary财政大臣the Chancellor of the Exchequer国务卿the Secretary of State 首相the Prime Minister立法机构legislative branch 行政机构executive branch大法官Lord Chancellor 白金汉宫the Buckingham Palace美国：参议院the Senate 众议院House of Representative人权宣言Bill of Rights 独立宣言the Declaration of Independence 制宪会议the constitutional convention 国会Congress美国宪法the American Constitution 联邦主义federalism国务院the Department of State 国防部the Defense Department司法部the Justice Department 民主党the Democratic Party共和党the Republican Party 最高法院the Democratic Party美国社工党the American Socialist Labor Party就职仪式the inauguration ceremony 现任总统incumbent president上诉法院Courts of Appeals 当选总统president-elect新政the“New Deal ”任期term of office候选人candidate 初选primary 普选popular vote白宫the White House 三权分立separation of the three powers 总统共和制President of a republic 议会共和制Parliamentary republic。

美国政治体制(英文版)

The polity of United States

The United States is the world’s oldest surviving federation. It is a constitutional republic.(宪政共和国) Federal(联邦) and state judicial(司法的) and cabinet officials are typically nominated(提名) by the executive branch(行政部门) and approved by the legislature(立法机关), although some state judges and officials are elected by popular vote.(普选)
The winner of the 2008 presidential election, Barack Obama, is the 44th U.S. president and the first African American to hold the office. All previous(以前的) presidents were men of solely European descent. (独一无二的欧洲血统) The 2008 elections also saw the Democratic Party strengthen its control of both the House and the Senate.

The House of Representatives has 435 members, each representing a congressional district for a two-year term. House seats are apportioned (分配)among the states by population every tenth year. The Senate has 100 members with each state having two senators, elected at-large to sixyear terms; one third of Senate seats are up for election every other year.

American-policy-美国的政治

American Government
The United States is a federal (联邦的)republic
The simple introduction of American
Long tradition of private ,nongovernment organizations and associations.
Can veto (否决）a bill passed by the Congress议会
The Job of a President
Party leadership Administrative leadership Domestic policy leadership Foreign policy leadership Military leadership Symbolic leadership
it is limited
It possesses a limited set of powers and cannot acquire additional power on its own. It depends on the fifty states for its structure ,its power ,and even its existence.
5.Inaugural address: the inauguration ceremony (总统宣誓就职仪式) held in front of the U.S. Capital.
The presidential inauguration is the last procedure, only the elected president hand “Bible” and sworn in January 20th of the following year, the United States presidential election will end.

英国美国政治制度英语作文

英国美国政治制度英语作文The political systems of the United Kingdom and the United States,though both democratic in nature, differ significantly in their structures and functions. Below is a comparative analysis of these two systems.United Kingdom Political SystemThe United Kingdom operates under a parliamentary system ofdemocracy, often referred to as the Westminster system. Key featuresinclude:1.Monarchy and the Head of State:1.The head of state is the monarch (currently King Charles III),who holds a largely ceremonial role. The monarch serves as a symbol of national unity and continuity, but holds no actual political power.2.The monarch appoints the Prime Minister, who is the headof government and leads the cabinet.2.Parliament:1.The legislative power rests with the Parliament, which isbicameral, consisting of the House of Commons and the House of Lords.1.House of Commons: The lower house, wheremembers are elected directly by the people. The government is formed by the political party or coalition that has the majority of seats.2.House of Lords: The upper house, which includeshereditary peers, life peers, and appointed members. Its powers are limited and cannot block legislation passed by the House of Commons.2.The government is accountable to Parliament and can beremoved through a vote of no confidence.3.Executive:1.The Prime Minister, appointed by the monarch, leads thecabinet, which comprises the most senior ministers in charge of various government departments.2.The cabinet is collectively responsible to Parliament for thegovernment's policies and actions.4.Judiciary:1.The judiciary is independent of the government and ensuresthe rule of law. Judges are appointed by the monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister.United States Political SystemThe United States operates under a presidential system of democracy,with the Constitution as its fundamental law. Key features include:1.President as Head of State and Head of Government:1.The President is both the head of state and the head ofgovernment, elected by the people for a four-year term.2.The President is responsible for executing the laws,commanding the military, and appointing officials, including judges.2.Congress:1.The legislative power rests with the Congress, which isbicameral, comprising the House of Representatives and the Senate.1.House of Representatives: Members are electedbased on population, with each state having a number of representatives proportional to its population.2.Senate: Each state has two senators, regardless ofpopulation, ensuring equal representation among states.2.Both chambers have equal powers, and legislation must bepassed by both to become law.3.Judiciary:1.The judiciary is headed by the Supreme Court, which has thefinal say on the constitutionality of laws. Judges are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate.4.Checks and Balances:1.The system incorporates checks and balances to prevent theconcentration of power in any one branch of government. For example, the President can veto legislation, but Congress can override the veto witha two-thirds majority in both chambers.Comparison•Head of State and Government: In the UK, the monarch is the head of state, while the Prime Minister is the head of government. In the US, the President serves as both.•Legislative Process: The UK has a unicameral system (de facto, as the House of Lords' powers are limited) for legislation, while the US has a bicameral system.•Judicial Independence: Both systems have independent judiciaries, but the appointment process differs.•Checks and Balances: The US system incorporates explicit checks and balances, while the UK's system relies more on conventions and parliamentary procedures.In summary, while both the UK and the US have democratic politicalsystems, they differ significantly in their structures, functions, and the roles of their respective leaders and institutions.。

美国政治制度概况

美国政治制度概况Political institution（政治制度）1．The American Constitution is the oldest written constitution in the world. It was draw up in 1787 and went into effect in 1789.美国宪法是世界上最早的成文宪法，它起草于1787年，生效于1789年。

2．In 1787,Congress called for a meeting of delegate from all the states to revise the Articles of Confederation.1787年，国会召开各州代表参加的大会，主要目的是修改有明显缺点的《联邦条款》。

3．The government is divided into three branched: the legislative ,the executive ,and the judicial. Each branch has part of the powers but not all the power.美国政府被分为3部分：立法机构，行政机构和司法机构。

4．In either case, amendments must have the approval of three-fourths of the states before they enter into force.有两种情可以提出修改宪法条款，但不管是哪种，修正案必须经过3/4的批准才能生效。

5．The President of the U.S is the head of the executive branch and the head of the state elected by the whole nation. The Constitution requires the President to be a natural-born American citizen at least 35 years of age. The president election was held every 4 years .宪法规定总统必须是美国本土出生的美国公民，至少年满35岁，总统选举每四年举行一次。

美国政体词汇

美国的政治制度流程及体制

精心整理美国的政治制度及体制美国政治体制为宪政联邦共和制（Federalconstitutionalrepublic ），同时采取三权分立的原则，将行政、立法、司法下放给总统、议会、联邦法院。

1、美国国会美国国会为最高立法机构，由美国参议院和美国众议院联合组成，国会的6改选。

2、美国宪法美国是现存历史最悠久的宪政立宪共和国，有世界上最早并仍在运作的成文宪法，并经立法机构批准产生，在某些州，司法系统官员也通过多数制选举产生。

1776年7月4日制定了宪法性文件《联邦条例》。

1787年5月制定了宪法草案，1789年3月第一届国会宣布生效，它是世界上第一部作为独立、统一国家的成文宪法。

1865年和1870年通过的关于废除奴隶制度和承认黑人公民权利的第13条和15条修正案；1951年通过的规定总统如不能行使职权由副总统升任总统的第25条修正案。

约。

3美国宪法是最重要的法律来源，所有其他法律都源于宪法并低于宪法的效力，任何法律不得与宪法相抵触，基于宪法的最高性，如果国会通过与宪法相冲突的法律，最高法院可判定该法违宪，任何一个美国法院都可以根据宪法来审理案件。

美国最高法院于马伯利诉麦迪逊案（1803年）中确立了法院的这项权力，使得美国成为世界上第一个有违宪审查制度的国家。

4、美国法院美国法院机构的基本框架分为联邦法院和各州地方法院两个完全独立的系统，联邦法院由联邦最高法院、联邦上诉法院（即94个联邦地区法院分成11个巡回审判区及哥伦比亚特区巡回审判区、联邦巡回审判区，每区设有一个联邦上诉法院）、联邦地区法院及联邦特别法院（即破产法院、国际贸易法院和联邦赔偿法院等）组成。

联邦最高法院由美国宪法设立，是联邦上诉法院的终审法院和美国司法系5长达总统选举是由全民普选方式举行，不过产生方式是由选举人票（选举人由民选产生）所决定——除了缅因州和内布拉斯加州两个州按普选票得票比例分配选举人票外，其余48个州和华盛顿特区均实行“胜者全得”制度，即把本州的选举人票全部给予在该州获得相对多数普选票的总统候选人，全国选举人票为538张，候选人至少获得270票才能当选。

英国美国政治制度英语作文

英国美国政治制度英语作文回答1:英文回答：The political systems of the United Kingdom and the United States differ in many ways. The UK has a parliamentary system, with the monarch as the symbolic head of state and the Prime Minister as the head of government. The US has a presidential system, with the President as both the head of state and the head of government.In the UK, the government is formed by the political party that has the majority in the House of Commons. The Prime Minister is appointed by the monarch and is responsible to Parliament. The government is accountable to Parliament and can be removed by a vote of no confidence. The House of Lords is the upper chamber of Parliament, but it has limited powers and cannot block legislation passed by the House of Commons.In the US, the President is elected by the people and serves a four-year term. The President is both the head of state and the head of government, and is responsible to the people. ThePresident is assisted by a Cabinet, which is made up of the heads of various government departments. The US Congress is the legislative branch of government, with the House of Representatives and the Senate as its two chambers. Both chambers have equal powers, and legislation must be passed by both in order to become law.Another significant difference between the two systems is the role of the judiciary. In the UK, judges are appointed by the monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister. In the US, judges are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. The US Supreme Court is the highest court in the land, and has the power to strike down laws that are deemed unconstitutional.Overall, while both the UK and the US have democratic political systems, they differ in terms of the roles of the head of state, the head of government, and the legislative and judicial branches of government.中文回答：英国和美国的政治制度在许多方面都存在差异。

美国政体

The Republican Party(共和党 which is 共和党), 共和党 believed to be more conservative and the symbol of which is the elephant. （Republicans place more emphasis on private enterprise and often accuse the Democrats of making the government too expensive and of creating too many laws that harm individual initiative.））
3. The judicial branch(司法 is headed by 司法) 司法 the Supreme Court (最高法院 with a 最高法院) 最高法院 chief justice and 8 associate justices. The Federal courts have jurisdiction over cases arising out of the Constitution and other cases which do not arise out of individual states. The Supreme Court has the judicial review power(复查权), the power determining whether congressional legislation or executive action violates the Constitution.
• A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts, with some rights reserved to each. • To protect citizens from tyranny, a “Bill of Rights” was added to the Constitution in 1791.

Government System美国的政治制度

All levels of government (federal, state, local) Have 3 branches (legislative, executive, judicial)

HOMEWORK
1. Name the three branches of government and explain what powers they have. 2. Define “checks and balances” and give one example of how each branch of government limit each other. (Hint: draw and label the diagram) 3. Who were the federalists and the anti-federalists and what kind of government did each believe in? Federalists: Anti-Federalists:

Rights are protected by the government, NOT given by government Government exists to protect individual rights

6. FEDERALISM

Federal government and the states SHARE powers of law-making, enforcing, and interpreting.
3. CHECKS AND BALANCES

Definition: a system of distribution of power allowing each branch of government to amend or veto acts of another branch so prevent abuse of power.