最新高中宾语从句教案及历年真题详解

宾语从句

The Object Clause

1. I know him . （简单句）

主语谓语宾语

2. I know who he is . （复杂句）

主语谓语连词从句主语从句谓语

主句从句

3.宾语从句的概念：

宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语

4.句子结构：

主句+连词（引导词）+ 宾语从句

一、连词（引导词）

1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that 在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略 Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better.

She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.

在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句

I’m sorry (that) I don’t know .

2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略

Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag.

3. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what, who, whom, which, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导，因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略

Do you know what he said just now ?

I don’t remember when we arrived .

带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句

Could you tell us how much it costs to fly to Hainan ?

二、时态

1. 如果主句是现在的时态（包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定

I know he lives here .

I know he lived here ten years ago .

2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）

I knew who lived here.

I saw she was talking with her mother.

3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现在时。

The teacher said that the sun travels around the earth .

三、语序

宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分

注意事项

1．could / would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。

Could you please tell me where we show our tickets ?

2. 如果主句的谓语动词是ask时，连词不可能是that；如果主句的谓语动词是say 时，连词用that

She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.

3. 如果从句中含有or或or not时，只能用whether而不用if

Could you tell me wh ether that’s a fast train or not ?

4. 连词if 和when 在不同从句中的区别：

Do you know if ______back next week ? If he ______ back , please let me know .

A. he comes , will come

B. will he come , comes

C. he will come , comes

D. he will come , will come

练习

1. The young man asked _____ it's summer or winter.

A. either

B. that

C. weather

D. whether

2. We don't know ______ they did it .

A. how

B. who

C. what

D. which

3. The teacher asks us ____ Jim can come back on time .

A. that

B. if

C. when

D. what time

4. Does anybody know ______ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not .

A. if

B. where

C. whether

D. that

5. I wonder _______ he is crying now .

A. that

B. why

C. how

D. when

6. Have you found out ______ we can do on Hainan Island ?

A. what

B. how

C. if

D. whether

7. Lily said _______ she had finished her composition .

A. if

B. that

C. when

D. where

8. I don’t know ______ he still lives here .

A. where

B. what

C. when

D. whether

9. Could you show me ________ ?

A. how can I get to the station

B. where is the station

C. how I could get to the station

D. how I can reach the station

10. Please tell me _______.

A. what does he like

B. what he does like

C. what he likes

D. what he like