短文改错形容词副词解析及练习.docx

`短文改错专题（一）形容词和副词一、考点聚焦1、形容词、副词的语法作用与位置形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语，或放在系动词后面作表语。

而副词则用来修饰形容词、动词，其他副词或者句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。

视觉成像以下属几种特殊情况，须牢记；（ 1）形容词短语作定语，定语后置。

a language difficult to master, a leaning tower about 180 feet high（2）表语形容词（ afraid、alike、 alone、asleep、 awake、alive 等）作定语，定语后置。

如 a man alive。

有些表身体健康状况的形容词如 well、 faint、ill 只作表语。

sick 既可作表语又可作定语， ill 如作定语意为“bad。

”（ 3）用作定语，修饰由不定代词 one、 no、any、 some和 every 构成的复合词如anything、something 等时，通常后置。

如：I have something important to tell you.（4） else常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语。

（5） enough、修饰名词前置， enough 修饰形容词、副词时，必须后置。

(6)形容词变副词：①规则②例外：不规则变化（ 9 个）good many such fast prettyearly enough no right（ 7）特殊形容词副词①下列单词以 -ly 结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：lively 、lonely 、lovely 、deadly、friendly 、 ugly、silly 、likely 、brotherly、timely 等。

②表愿意（无 -ly ）和引申意 (有-ly) 的副词：deep 深wide 宽广high 高low 位置低deeply 深入地widely 广泛地highly 高度地lowly 地位卑微③有无 -ly 意大不相同的副：dead 完全， be dead asleepdeadly 非常 be deadly tiredpretty 相当 be pretty certain that⋯prettily 漂亮地 be prettily dressedclose 近 Don’ t sit close.closely 密切地 Watch closely!late 晚、 arrive late, come latelately 最近 I haven ’ t seen him lately(recently).hardhardly3、形容和副的比等（1）原的构成和用法。

构成：形容、副的原即本身。

用法：表示双方在程度、性、特征等某方面相等，用“as +原形容 /副+as 的” 构；表示双方不相等，用“ not so(as) +原形容 /副 + as ”的构；表示一方是另一方的若干倍，用“倍数 + as + 原形容 /副 + as ”的构。

如：Xiao Wang is as tall as Xiao Yu.This building looks not so (as)high as that one.Miss Xu speaks English as fluently as you .This room is three times as large as that one.（2）比和最高的构成。

掌握比和最高的化，熟少数不符合的特殊形容和副。

（3）比的用法。

① 方比，表示一方超另一方，用“比+ than ” 构表示。

如：的This picture is more beautiful than that one.②表示一方不及另一方，用“less +原+ than ”的构表示。

如：This room is less beautiful than that one.比构成成像③表示一方超另一方的程度或数量，可在比前加表示程度的状，如even、 a lot 、a bit 、 a little 、 still 、 much、 far 、 yet、by far 等修。

修比如：He works even harder than before.He found he got 2cm higher than one year before when he measured himself yesterday.Mary kept weighing herself to see how much ___ she was getting.A. heavierB. heavyC. the heavierD. the heaviest注意：英的比前如无 even、still 或 yet 等，成可用“ ”或“⋯一些”或不出，一般不可有“更”。

如：She is better than she was yesterdayPlease come earlier tomorrow.比的特殊构另注意： by far 通常用于最高。

用于比，一般放在比的后面，如在前面，在二者中加“the。

”如：He is taller by far than his brother.He is by far the taller of the two brothers.④表示一方随另一方的程度而化，用“the + 比（主 + ），the + 比（主 + ）”的构（意“越⋯⋯越⋯⋯”）。

如：The harder he works, the happier he feels.⑤不与其他事物相比，表示本身程度的改，用“比 + and + 比”的构。

如：The weather is getting colder and colder.The girl becomes more and more beautiful.⑥某些以 -ior 尾的形容行比，用to 代替 than。

些有 inferior （劣等的，次的）、superior （好的，于⋯⋯）、junior （浅的）、senior（格老的）、 prior （在⋯⋯之前）等。

He is superior to Mr.Zhang in chemistry.⑦在比从句中了避免重复，我通常用 that(those)、 one(ones)代替前面出的名。

that 指物 ,one 既可指人又可指物。

that 可代替可数名数和不可数名，而 one 只能代替可数名。

The book on the table is more interesting than that(或 the one)on the desk.A box made of steel is stronger than one made of wood.⑧倍数表达法。

（A）A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length, depth, width, size ,weight etc.)of B .这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大（高）。

The new building is four times the size(the height)of the old one这.座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍（高三倍）。

（B）A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B. Asia is four times as large as Europe亚.洲比欧洲大三倍。

（C）A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B. Your school is three times bigger than ours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。

用 times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用 twice 或 double. ⑨比较级与否定词连用表示最高级意义1)---What do you think of her performance---She couldn ’ t behave better. /I haven’ t seen such a better one before.2)---How do you like the movie?--- It can’ t be ______. It is so boringA. goodB. badC. worseD. better(4)最高级的用法。

①三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the + 最高级”的结构表示。

这种句式一般常有表示比较围的介词短语。

如：Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.He works(the)hardest in his class.How much did the second most expensive hat cost?He is the tallest(boy)in his class. 最高级完整结构：(7)重要的词语辨析（A）ago、before, ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”；before 指以过去或将来的某时刻为起点的“以前”。

泛指“以前”用 before 而不用 ago。

（B）already、yet、still, already 表示某事已经发生； yet 表示期待某事发生； still表示某事还在进行，主要用于肯定句。

(C)too、also、either, too和 also 用于肯定句， too 多用于口语， also 多用于书面语，either 用于否定句。

(D)good、well: 与 good 不同的是， well 作形容词，只能在系动词后作表语，表示“身体状况好”，也作副词修饰动词。

本次课重点视觉成像课堂练习真题演练1.My friend Nick told me a story about his experience back in the US , which wasvery interested. (10全国 )2.I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. (12全国 )3.We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath. (2012 )4.Whenever I think of the old days, I feel very happily. (2012)5.The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. (2014全国 )6.We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost! (2014 全国 )7.So really friendship should be able to stand all sorts of tests. (2014全国大纲 )8.My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows at the bird. (2014 )9.Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become aseriously problem. (2015 全国 )10.Much rare animals are dying out. (2015 全国 I)11.Dad and I were terrible worried. (2015 全国 II)12.It ’ s been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many. (2015 )13.I could easy see the football field. (2015 )14.My mum makes the better biscuits in the world. So I decide to ask her for help.(15 )15.I thought the biscuits were really well. (2015 )16.Interesting, it had a connection with the British porcelain industry. (2013 全国 II)17.I remember my grandfather very much. (2013 全国 I)18. When the teacher asks us very difficulty questions, I’andllthinkstandquicklyto`answer. (2013 全国 )19. Nang is a specially kind of cake in Xinjiang. (2011 全国卷 1)20.If you'd like to make a trip to our city some day, I will be better than happy to beyour guide. (2011 全国卷 2)21.Instead, he hopes that his business will grow steady（.2016 全国卷 1）22. At one time , I even felt my parents couldn’ t understand me so I hoped I could befreely from them. （2016 全国卷 3）23.They were also the best and worse years in my life .（2016 全国卷 3）能力提升1.For one reason, what you are studying is bad needed nowadays in our country.2.I had to try hardly not to laugh at her shocked face!3.It, of course, will be beneficially to your understanding of the Chinese language.4.When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back.5.Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toys than I did.6.Unfortunate, the problem was the journey home.7.The assistant was clearly as embarrassing as my sister, but I just thought itwas funny!8.Some people are against the plan, but much more support it.9.Betty stood closely to her teacher and watched closely what he was doing.10. I ’ ll also do plenty of exercise, which won’ t do me any harm too.11.Whenever I think of the old days, I feel very happily.12.You won’ t be able to get any farther information until tomorrow.13.When I came back into the house, it was raining more harder and harder.14.If all the people drive such cars in the future, there will be fewer pollution in theair.15. He knew such little French that he couldn’ t make himself understood.16.Some people online shopping is more convenient and the goods are cheap.17.John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes opening.18.Everyone tried their best to reach the top of the hill as faster as they could.19. This morning on my way to school I was deep moved by what I saw outside abank.20.The old man counted the money again and found that not a single bill was missed.21.Some students may wonder why, as they think being a teacher is hard whilethe pay is little.22.In size, New Zealand is bigger than Guangdong Province, yet has a much small`population.23.In addition, having a glimpse of the vivid pictures and living videos on theInternet contributes to regaining my energy.24.It is a beautiful car, but it is not worthy the price that I paid for it.25.That ’whys an American gets uneasy when a listener is silence and show nochange of expression.26. He is possible to come to help us if he doesn’ t have to attend the meeting.27.Maybe I feel comfortable and relaxed in totally darkness.28.Road safety has aroused the widely attention of the public.29.It is what we have experienced along the way to successthat we treasure andenjoy mostly.30.The internet also has bad effects on people, specially on teenagers.课后作业：语法填空练习十Enough sleep is important to health. The amount of sleep needed1_____ on the age of the person and the conditions in 2______sleep takes place. The young may need more sleep than 3_____ old, but usually eight hours are enough for the health of grown-ups. Some can do with 4______ than this amount, but others may need more. Every person knows his own need. 5______ is then a matter of good judgment to satisfy his need.Sleep 6______ always be enough to make one bring back his 7______ (strong) and get ready for a day’ s work.Fresh air is necessary to sound sleep. So it is not without reason for some people 8______think that it is practicable to sleep in the open air. A bath at bedtime, 9_____ hot nor cool but of body temperature, may be helpful to sleep. Sleep producing drug(帮助睡眠的药物 ) should neverbe taken except when 10________ (suggest) by a doctor.语法填空练习十一I asked my uncle, who plays 1____ piano well, 2______ he wouldassess 评(定) the tone of a second-hand piano I was hoping to buy.We arrived 3______ the house and Uncle Frank looked the piano over,then 4_____ (sit) down and played a mixture of honky-tonk numbersand classical pieces. When he finished, we told the family that we wouldcall 5____ in 15 minutes.Outside, Uncle Frank said that 6______ the wood was battered坏(掉的)，the sound was good and we should buy it.When I phoned the woman back, she sounded as if she was crying. Concerned, I asked,“ What’ s the 7_____?”“ We didn ’ t know the piano 8______ play like that,” she replied. piano wasn’ t 9_____ sale, and 10_____ daughter had to resume(重新开始) taking piano lessons.语法填空练习十二In North America people are always in 1______ hurry. Children havespecial lessons or sports activities 2______ school. Parents often worklate and 3_______ get home until 7 or 8 o’ clock at night. Most North American families don’ t have time to prepare a meal. That is 4_______fast food is so popular in North America. People 5______ about 40% oftheir dollars on fast food.People usually buy fast food from restaurant chains 6______ they canenjoy pizza, sandwiches and so on. Fast food saves work and time, but itis not 7______ (nutrition).American fast-food companies now have restaurants all over theworld. But not 8______ is happy about the spread(扩展 )of fast food. Agroup of people in Italy want to fight 9______ the spread. They don’t like the idea of more fast food chains 10______(open) restaurants in theircountry.短文改错1.【 2012 全国新课标】I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive.From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each ofmy toy. I was happy when the toys worked, but when things did wrong, Igot angry and broke it. For a while parents bought me new toys. Butbefore long they began to see which was happening. When I tear apartmy fifth birthday toy train, my father said, "That's it. No more toys to you."My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with morepatience I must make my toys to last. My attitude changed from then on.2.【2012 卷】My father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when wevisit Beijing last month. It is in the downtown area, but it is easy to go to anywhere from the hotel by public transport.We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath. What I likedbest were the free high-speed Internet connection in the room. I checked my email messages every day. I also shared for my friends many photos taking in Beijing. The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish.It is such great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing.3.【2012 卷】Two years before, I traveled to Brazil and I rented for a car. Unfortunate, I had an accident and hit another car, and I needed to stay in a hospital for at least two week. 1 called my parents, so I did not tell them what had happened. I knew that they will be worried about myself because I was so farther away, and that my mother would not sleep if she knew. Therefore, I told them interested stories and how I was enjoying Brazil As a result, nobody knew truth. I still think that it was the right thing to do.形容词副词答案真题演练1. interested –interesting2.little –less`fortably –comfortable11. terrible –terribly4.happily –happy12. many –much5.taste –tasty13. easy –easily6.wonderfully –wonderful14. better –best7.really –real15. well –good8.immediate –immediately16. Interesting –Interestingly9.seriously –serious17. much –well10.Much –Many18. difficulty -difficult19.specially—special20.better---more21. steady—steadily22.freely —free23.worse—worst能力提升1.bad –badly9.closely –close2.hardly –hard10. too –either3.beneficially –beneficial11. happily –happy4.slow –slowly12. farther- further5.rich –richer13. more 删掉6.Unfortunate –Unfortunately14.fewer –less7.embarrassing--embarrassed15.such –so8.much –many16. cheap -cheaper17.opening –open18.faster –fast19.deep –deeply20.missed –missing21.little –low22.small –smaller23.living –live24.worthy –worth25.silence –silent26.possible –likely27.totally –total28.widely –wide29.mostly –most30.specially -especially`语法填空练习九1 it2 was given3 ages4 no5 how6 a7 than8 especially9 with 10 more 语法填空练习十1 depends2 which3 the4 less5 It6 should7 strength8 to9 neither 10 suggested语法填空练习十一1 the2 whether/if3 at4 sat5 them6 though/although7 matter/trouble8 could/should9 for 10 her语法填空练习十二1 a2 after3 don ’t4why 5 spend 6 where/and 7 nutritious 8 everyone/everybody9 against 10 opening1.【答案】 little---less【解析】根据文意：我不得不多一些耐心而少一些挑衅性。