非谓语动词题的八条经典原则(学生)
非谓语动词题的四大解题方法和八条经典原则
非谓语动词题的四大解题方法和八条经典原则非谓语动词题的四大解题步骤：一、分析句子结构，辨别“谓语与非谓语”二、找逻辑主语三、分析语态四、分析时态非谓语动词题的八条经典原则：原则一、用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式原则二、用于名词后作定语时，使用非谓语动词的原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生; 用现在分词，表示动作正在进行; 用过去分词，表示动作已经发生，同时表示被动意义.原则三、用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词原则四：用作结果状语时，可用现在分词或不定式，其原则区别是，一般要用现在分词，表示结果在意料之中，不定式用作结果状语主要用于某些特定句式中或表示结果在意料之外原则五、凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词(done)。
但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式(to be done)；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用现在分词的被动式(being done) 原则六、非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致原则七、强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式（根据情况可用不定式的完成式或现在分词的完成式）原则八、对于固定搭配，原则上按搭配习惯处理――――――――――――――――――原则一、用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式1. When asked why he went there， he said he was sent there _____ for a space flight. （2007江西卷）A. trainingB. being trainedC. to have trainedD. to be trained【解析】答案选D。
由于进行航空飞行训练是他被派往那儿的目的，所以要用不定式，因此可排除A 和B。
另外，由于“他”与“训练”之间为被动关系，故选 D。
2. _____ this cake，you’ll need 2 eggs， 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. （2006广东卷）A. Having madeB. MakeC. To makeD. Making【解析】答案选C。
非谓语动词做题口诀
非谓语动词做题口诀一、接不定式to do作宾语的动词【速记口诀】同意提出做计划，(agree to do,offer to do,plan to do)敢于答应来准备。
(dare to do,promise to do,prepare to do)设法学会做决定，(manage to do,learn to do,decide to do)碰巧想要别拒绝。
(happen to do,want to do,refuse to do)假装失败付得起，(pretend to do,fail to do,afford to do)似乎选择三希望。
(seem to do,choose to do,wish to do,hope to do,expect to do)二、接不带to的不定式作宾语的用法【速记口诀】宁愿……而不愿……，would rather do than do,最好，除了……什么也不做。
had better do,do nothing but do两个为何不做？Why not do…?Why don’t you do…?三、不定式作宾语补足语时省略to的动词【速记口诀】一感：feel sb.do;二听：hear sb.do,listen to sb.do;三让：make sb.do,let sb.do,have sb.do;四看：see sb.do,notice sb.do,watch sb.do,look at sb.do;半帮助：help（即：help sb.do和help sb.to do都对）四、接不定式to do作宾语补足语的动词【速记口诀】想要期待与希望，want/would like sb.to do,expect sb.to do,wish sb.to do需要鼓励与允许，require sb.to do,encourage sb.to do,allow sb.to do要求命令与告诉，ask sb.to do,order sb.to do,tell sb.to do引导邀请要教授。
谓语动词解题的八条经典原则111
高考英语非谓语动词解题的八条经典原则原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式1. When asked why he went there，he said he was sent there _____ for a space flight.A. trainingB. being trainedC. to have trainedD. to be trained2. _____ this cake，you’ll need 2 eggs，175 g sugar and 175 g flour.A. Having madeB. MakeC. To makeD. Making原则二：用于名词后作定语时，使用非谓语动词的原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生;用现在分词，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词，表示动作已经发生，同时表示被动意义1.The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games ___ in Beijing in 2008.A. holdB. holdingC. heldD. to be held2. There are hundreds of visitors _____ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh’s paintings.A. waitedB. to waitC. waitingD. wait3. “Things _____ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.A. lostB. losingC. to lostD. have lost4— The last one _____ pays the meal.—Agreed!A. arrivedB. arrivesC. to arriveD. arriving原则三：用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词1. As the light turned green，I stood for a moment，not _____，and asked myself what I was going to do.A. movedB. movingC. to moveD. being moved2. Peter received a letter just now _____ his grandma would come to see him soon.A. saidB. saysC. sayingD. to say3. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class，he would answer carelessly，always ___ the same thing.A. sayingB. saidC. to sayD. having said4. We often provide our children with toys，footballs or basketballs，___ that all children like these things.A. ThinkingB. thinkC. to thinkD. thought原则四：作结果状语，用现在分词或不定式，其区别是，一般要用现在分词表自然而然的结果，不定式表意外不好结果.1.The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_____ in the natural light during the day.A. to letB. lettingC. letD. having let2. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，___ a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4.A. have reachedB. reachingC. to reachD. to be reaching3.He hurried to the booking office only _____ that all the tickets had been sold out.A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. told4. He hurried to the station only_____ that the train had left.A. to findB. findingC. foundD. to have found原则五：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。
非谓语动词七大原则,四个步骤图文
分析句子结构，判 断是否有从句、并 列句等复杂句型。
确定句子的主干部 分和非主干部分。
步骤二：识别非谓语动词
确定句子中是否有非谓语动词 ，如to do、doing、done、
to have等。
分析非谓语动词在句中的位置 和作用。
根据非谓语动词的不同形式， 判断其在句中的时态和语态。
步骤三：判断非谓语动词在句中的成分
与现在相反的虚拟语气
If+主语+were to do，主语+would/should/might/could do
与过去相反的虚拟语气
If+主语+had done，主语+would/should/might/could have done
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四个步骤图文讲解
步骤一：分析句子结构
识别句子中的主语 、谓语、宾语和状 语等成分。
原则二：确定时间关系
时间关系：doing 形式表主动、一般式和主动完成式；done 形式表被动、一般式和被动完成式
非谓语动词与其逻辑主语存在时间关系
原则三：确定逻辑主语
非谓语动词的逻辑主语为句子主语 非谓语动词与其逻辑主语存在主谓关系
原则四：确定省略情况
在句子中，当非谓语动词做状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子 主语一致
分析非谓语动词在句中作主语、宾语、状语还是定语等成分 。
根据上下文语境，判断非谓语动词与句子主语、宾语等成分 之间的逻辑关系。
步骤四：结合语境理解句子含义
根据以上分析，理解句子含义。 结合上下文语境，判断非谓语动词的时态、语态和语气是否符合句意。
如果存在多种意思或难以理解的情况，需要进行语法分析和推理练习。
在句子中，当非谓语动词做宾语补足语时，其逻辑主语必须 与宾语一致
解决非谓语动词的原则
解决非谓语动词的原则非谓语动词的实用解题原则为了大家更好的学习和复习，边肖整理了非谓语动词的实用解题原则，供大家参考。
非谓语动词主要包括to、do、ing和-ed，但用法非常广泛。
它不仅是高考选择题中的* *题，也是完形填空、阅读理解和短文改错的重要考试内容。
为了更好地掌握非谓语动词的用法，笔者在教学实践中总结了十条实用的解题原则，并结合相关话题对这些原则进行了讲解。
根据这些原则，我相信学生可以很容易地处理非谓语动词。
原则1。
两个句子必须用连词连接。
如果没有连词，就需要非谓语动词。
1._ ____次，但他还是听不懂。
A.他被告知，尽管他被告知例2。
很多次，他还是不明白。
A.他已经被告知了分析：例1中有连词但有连接，表示前后都有句子，所以答案是c。
例二，后面有句，没有连词，所以前面不是句，应该用非谓语动词。
根据句子的意思，这里是被动的，所以答案是a。
原则二。
不及物动词是没有-ed形式的非谓语动词。
及物动词有宾语时用-ing，无宾语时用-ed形式。
例3。
在山里呆了一个星期，这两个学生终于被当地警察救了出来。
A.失去了b .失去了c .失去了d .失去了分析：lose是及物动词，现在后面没有宾语，所以是-ed的形式，答案是b。
例4。
_ ____，我真的认为我现在不想做任何改变。
A.考虑所有的可能性C.考虑所有的可能性分析：放。
考虑到传入结构是考虑到某物，现在有一个对象所有的可能性都在考虑之后，所以我们用-ing，答案是b。
第三，做的原则是指“正在做”，一般不作状语，只作定语。
那个。
非谓语动词完成或已经完成的完成式强调这个动作发生在句子中谓语动词之前。
例5。
_ _为了通过电话联系他们，我们发送了一封电子邮件。
A.失败，失败分析：根据意思是“我们没打电话就给他们发了邮件”的句子，打电话失败应该发生在发邮件之前，所以我们用have done，答案是d。
例6。
蒂姆贝默斯-李通常被认为是万维网，所有的信息都在上面共享。
非谓语动词解题八大原则[课件]PPT教学课件
![非谓语动词解题八大原则[课件]PPT教学课件](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/75aa5aecd0d233d4b14e69a7.png)
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2.A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told
3.2. He hurried to the station only_____ that the train had left.
A.to find B. finding
B.C. found D. to have found
B.C. to have trained D. to be trained
2020/12/11
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原则一：用作目的状语，原则上 要用不定式
2. _____ this cake， you’ll need 2
eggs， 175 g sugar and 175 g
flour.
A. Having made B. Make
2.A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held
2. There are hundreds of visitors _____ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh’s paintings.
3.A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. wait
2020/12/11
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3. “Things _____ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.
英语语法非谓语动词口诀整理版
英语语法非谓语动词口诀整理版介绍：非谓语动词是指在句子中充当名词、形容词或副词的动词形式。
掌握非谓语动词的使用规则对于英语学习者来说非常重要。
本文将为您整理英语语法非谓语动词的口诀，帮助您更好地记忆和运用。
一、不定式非谓语动词口诀：动词不定式，to加原形。
在句子中作动词、主语或宾语，宾补、定语或状语使用。
例句：1. I like to play basketball.（不定式作谓语动词）2. I want him to finish the report.（不定式作宾语）3. This is a good book to read.（不定式作定语）二、动名词非谓语动词口诀：动名词形态，动词加ing。
作主语、宾语或介词宾语，也可用作主语补足语。
例句：1. Swimming is good for your health.（动名词作主语）2. I enjoy reading books.（动名词作宾语）3. She is interested in learning French.（动名词作介词宾语）三、过去分词非谓语动词口诀：过去分词表被动，辅助动词辅助上。
常与情态动词连用，表示完成或被动。
例句：1. The book was written by Mark Twain.（过去分词作谓语动词）2. The window was broken by the ball.（过去分词作宾语）四、不定式与动名词非谓语动词口诀：非谓语动词，变换形态。
动词不定式to加原形，动名词改成ing。
例句：1. I plan to go shopping tomorrow.（不定式作谓语动词）2. I remember seeing him at the party.（动名词作宾语）五、非谓语动词口诀：非谓语动词基本定，可做主语宾语定。
动名词表示活动，过去分词表示被动。
例句：1. To learn a new language is not easy.（不定式作主语）2. The movie was interesting.（过去分词作宾语）总结：掌握非谓语动词的使用是学习英语的重要一步。
秀复习非谓语动词(七大原则和解题步骤)
1.___A___from space , the earth looks blue .
2.___B___from space , we can see the earth is blue .
A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D. See
A. having been built B. to be built
C. being built
D. built
原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑 主语原则上应与句子主语保持一致.
1. ____ to the left, you'll find the post office. A. Turning B.To turn C.Turn D.Turned 2. ____ from space, the earth looks blue. A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D. See 3. _____ such a chance, why don't you have a try? A. To give B. Having given C. Given D. Giving
原则二： 用作伴随状语，原则上要用ing.
1.I listened to the wind,____that he would not come tonight. A.thinking B. to think C. thought D.being thingking 2. He stood there ____ for his mother. A.waiting B. to wait C. waited D.having waited
非谓语动词十大解题原则---学生版
非谓语动词非谓语动词主要包括to do, -ing和-ed三种形式，可是其用法非常广泛，它不仅是高考单项选择题测试的一个重点，而且也是完形填空、阅读理解、短文改错的重要考查内容。
为了能更好地掌握非谓语动词的用法，老师在教学实践中总结出十条实用的解题原则，并且还用相关的题目来解释这些原规律性非谓语动词试题的解题步骤（有提示词）形式的根本依据就是“句中已有谓语”，即，句子不缺谓语的情况下，所给提示词才能考虑用其非谓语动词形式。
一、区分简单句与复合句，判断式谓语动词还是非谓语动词1.That was definitely not an attractive idea, so I politely declined her invitation, _____(close) my bookand walked away.2.We also have to consider the feeling of the person_______( receive) the gift.3.Although he has been told many times, he still (make) the same mistake.4.He won the first prize and (surprise) all of us.5.With so many people (communicate) in English every day, it will become more important to have agood knowledge of English.6.Nowadays, almost everyone_ (realize) that smoking is harmful to people’s health.7.There (be) no bus, I had to walk home.8.(spend) more time on your study, and you are likely to make bigger progress.9.(spend) more time on your study is necessary for you to make progress in study.10.He totally devoted himself to science study, which (make) his family very upset.11.What the shop (sell) now attracts a lot of customers.12.The belief is that everyone (depend) on themselves, and the choice they make is of great importance.非谓语动词在高考中的具体应用一、非谓语动词作状语的题型：1. _________ (see) from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.2. It rained heavily in the south, _________ (cause) serious flooding in several provinces.3. _________ (complete) the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.二、非谓语动词作定语的题型：1. A great number of students _________ (question) said they were forced to practice the piano.2. Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one _________ (repair) first is the library.十大解题原则A. Having been toldB. Having toldC. He had been toldD. Though he had been told例2．_________ many times, he still couldn’t understand it.A. Having been toldB. Having toldA. Having lostB. LostC. Being lostD. Losing例4. __________, I really believe that I’d prefer not to make any change now.A. Considered all the possibilitiesB. Taking all the possibilities into considerationC. Taken all the possibilities into considerationA. FailB. FailedC. To failD. Having failed例6. Tim Bemers-Lee is generally considered _____ the World Wide Web, on which all the information is shared by all.A. to have foundedB. having foundedA．produced B．being producedC．to be produced D．having been produced例8.The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road.A. being blown downB. blown downA. the thief having been caughtB. the thief to be caughtC. catch the thiefD. the thief being caught例10. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ____ could be heard outside the classroom.A. opened and closedB. to be opened and closedA. CaughtB. Having caughtC. Being caughtD. To catch例12 ___twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.A. ExaminingB. ExaminedA. comparingB. comparesC. to compareD. compared例14 _______ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.A. Being bittenB. BittenC. Having bittenD. To be bitten例16._______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.A. To walk.B. WalkingC. WalkedD. Having walked例17. While watching television, __________.A. the doorbell rangB. the doorbell ringsC. we heard the doorbell ringD. we heard the doorbell rings例18. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ____ for the day.A. Being a winnerB. To be a winnerC. Be a winnerD. Having been a winner例20. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _______ the film stars had left.A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. told例21. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ________ in the natural light during the day.A. to letB. lettingC. letD. having let例22.How glad I am ___________ you!A. Not realizedB. Not to realizeC. Not realizingD. Not to have realized例24. What worried him most was ______ to visit his sick child.A. his being not allowedB. his not being allowedC. his not allowingD. having not been allowed例25. Sarah has decided ________ away on holiday this summer.A. don’t goB. to not goC. not goingD. not to go考点突破，真题演练单句填空：用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
非谓语动词原则
1. 三种形式，四种名称Doing 动名词: 动词做变性手术，成为名词是n 现在分词Done 过去分词分词：是adj和adv的合体To do 不定式是adj，adv 和n的合体2. 各自的用法动名词：出现在任何名词可以出现的地方，如主语，宾语，介宾主语：Eating out in China may sometimes be dangerous.宾语：However, I like eating out so much.介宾：What about eating out tonight?分词：由状从，定从转变而来现在分词：表主动，表进行过去分词：表被动，表完成状从转变为现在分词： Because I kept an eye for bargains, I fell down the stairs.Keeping an eye for bargains, I fell down the stairs.状从转变为过去分词：After he was locked in, the boy hid himself in a corner and sobbed.Locked in, the boy hid himself in a corner and sobbed.定从转变为现在分词: Do you know the boy standing under the tree?Do you know the boy standing under the tree?Do you know the boy buried under the tree?Do you know the boy buried under the tree?例外：considering，given(考虑到) judging from(从…判断)Considering/Given his high salary, he could without doubt afford this expensive car.Judging from his expression, he was scared to death. 不定式：表目的，表将来不定式表目的：I came to see you.不定式表将来：I have something to eat. /The teacher told us to find a seat and sit down.作主语：It’s exciting to ride on a horse.作定语：The form to be filled in is in the man’s hand. All the mess is to ask for a salary increase.作状语：The man drove so fast to arrive on time.3.所有的非谓语动词的否定都在前面直接加not动名词：Not listening to others may cause misunderstanding. What about not sleeping tonight?现在分词： Not wanting to listen to his excuses, I covered my ears.过去分词：Not locked in, the boy laughed happily.不定式：I came to see you, not to see him.The teacher told us not to stand up.4. 大部分非谓语动词都会有变态的时候动名词： doing变态 being done, having done, having been done, having been doingBeing stared at can be embarrassing.Having got the answers ready brought him the first place in the exam.Having been scolded by his younger brother made him lose his face.Having been waiting for the bus in the snowstorm for an hour almost froze him.现在分词：doing变态 being done, having done, having been done, having been doingBeing stared at, he felt embarrassed.Having got the answers ready, he got the first place in the exam.Having been scolded by his younger brother, he felt the world was collapsing.Having been waiting for the bus in the snowstorm for an hour, he was almost frozen.过去分词：done 没有变态不定式：to do 变态 (to)do, to be done, to be doing, to have done, to have been done, to have been doingThe boss made the workers work all day.The boss wanted the work to be completed before Monday.He seems to be thinking deeply,without noticing me passing by.I’m glad to have bought the ticket in advance as they are sold out now.He is sure to have been advised not to contact his boss before the contract is a success.窍门：非谓语动词的have done形式就是它的过去式5. 所有的非谓语动词都会有自己的逻辑主语动名词：宾格，所有格Do you mind opening the window?Do you mind me/my opening the window?That Jim fell ill had a deadly effect on the project. Jim’s falling ill has had a deadly effect on the project.分词：主格Because Jim fell ill, his coworkers had to double their work.Jim falling ill, his coworkers had to double their work. As the money-earner was killed in the accident, the whole family is going through a financial crisis.The money-earner killed in the accident, the whole family is going through a financial crisis.不定式：for +逻辑主语It’s good for you to eat peanuts every day.区分：It is good of you to help the injured girl. =You are good to help the injured girl.窍门：空格左边有名词，看名词和空格上的动词的关系；空格左边没有名词，看逗号隔开的句子的主语和空格上的动词的关系。
2019精选教育非谓语动词的解题原则.doc
非谓语动词的解题原则原则一、两个句子必须要用连词连接，如果没有连词连接，则需要用非谓语动词例1. _______ many times, but he stillcouldn’t understand it.A. Having been toldB. Having toldC. He had beentold D. Though he had been told例2. ________ many times, he still couldn’t understand it.A. Having been toldB. Having toldC. He had beentold D. Though he had told解析：例1 中有连词but 连接，表明前后都是句子，所以答案为C。
例 2 中后面是一个句子，而且没有连词，所以前面不是句子，应该用非谓语动词，根据句意此处为被动，所以答案为A。
原则二、不及物动词无-ed 形式非谓语动词，及物动词有宾语时用-ing 形式，无宾语时用-ed 形式例 3. ___________ in the mountains for a week, thetwo students were finally saved by the local police.A. Having lostB. LostC. Being lostD. Losing解析：lose为及物动词，现在后面没有宾语，所以用-ed 形式，答案为B。
例4. _________ , I really believe that I’dprefer not to make any change now.A. Considered all the possibilitiesB. Taking allthe possibilities into considerationC. Taken all the possibilities into considerationD. Giving all the possibilities 解析：把。
非谓语动词解题原则与技巧课件
贪多嚼不烂。
4、Well begun is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半。
5、One should eat to live, not live to eat.
人应为生而食，不应为食而生。 6、Never too late to learn.
in the home.
A. found
B. to find C. find
D. finding
2. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year， ___ a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4.
1、Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起，使人健康、富有又明智。
2、It takes ten years to grow trees, but a hundred to rear people. 十年树木，百年树人。
A. taking place B. to be taken place
C. to be held
D. taken place E. having taken place F. held
3. Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college
A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching
3. They arrived at their university very late, _____ the gate shut.
非谓语动词十大解题原则
A. Having lostB. LostC. Being lostD. Losing现在后面没有宾语，所以用 -ed 形式，答案为 B 。
, I really believe that 'I d prefer not to make any change now.A. Considered all the possibilitiesB. Taking all the possibilities into considerationC. Taken all the possibilities into considerationD. Giving all the possibilities解析：把。
考虑进来结构为take sth into con sideration,现在take 后面有宾语all the possibilities ，所以用-ing 形式，答案为 B 。
原则三： being done 表示“正在被”,一般不作状语,只作定语。
非谓语动 词的完成时形式to have done 或having done 强调该动作发生在句子谓语动词之前5. __ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.非谓语动词十大实用解题原则原则一：两个句子必须要用连词连接, 如果没有连词连接, 则需要用非谓语 动词 1.many times, but he still couldn 't understand it. A. Having been told B. Having told C. He had been told D. Though he had been told例 2． many times, he still couldn ' t understand it.A. Having been toldB. Having toldC. He had been toldD. Though he had told解析：例 1 中有连词 but 连接，表明前后都是句子，所以答案为 C 。
高考英语复习精品语法课件非谓语动词
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A. who has made B. having made
C. made
D. making
原则七：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作
之前时，原则上要用完成式
原则八： 对于固定搭配，原则上按搭配 习惯处理
1.____ with so much trouble， we failed to complete the task on time. ）
3. “Things _____ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.
A.lost B. losing C. to lost D. have lost
B.2.—The last one _____ pays the meal. —Agreed!
2.A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held
2. There are hundreds of visitors _____ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh’s paintings.
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三步解非谓语动词遇到有关非谓语动词的单选题，可以根据句中的搭配结构、非谓语的主被动形式和非谓语的“时态”三个角度，从语言的结构到语义由简单到复杂依次排选。
第一步：根据非谓语形式在句中可作的成分来分析空白处可填入的非谓语形式，看能否在不定式、分词和动名词几个形式之间先排除一个或几个。
非谓语动词在句中可作成分一览表注：1).the 分词也可用作主语和宾语；2).现在分词完成式不作定语。
1．非谓语形式作主语或宾语时，除“the 分词”外一般只能用不定式或动名词。
其中不定式作介词的宾语时要使用“特殊疑问词 不定式”结构。
例如：1).It’s very kind of you to help us.2).Fighting broke out between the South and the North.3).The driver failed to see other cars at the moment .4).Please show us how to do that.2．作状语时，不定式表示目的以及so/as to do和(only)to do中的结果状语，其它状语都用分词来表示。
例如：1).To sleep late the next morning,he turned off the alarm clock.（“非谓语 主句”模式中，非谓语在句首而且由逗号与主句隔开，此句中的不定式只作目的状语；此时的分词表示时间、原因或条件状语，有时分词前可加when,while,if,before, after,as和though等连词，如：①Given more attention,the trees could have grown better. ②When asked,never be silent.）2).He came here only to say good-bye to us.（不定式在句中作目的状语时它前面不能用逗号）3).He spoke a lot at the conference,only to show his ignorance on the topic.（不定式在主句之后，又有逗号与主句隔开时常用(only)to do形式表示出乎主语意料的结果）第二步：在第一步的基础上从非谓语的主被动形式这个角度进行筛选。
1．非谓语用作主语或状语时，一般根据它们的逻辑主语来判断主被动形式的选用；若无逻辑主语，则以主句主语为判断对象。
例如：1).Using the dictionary,I found it of great use.（作状语的分词逻辑主语和主句主语相同时，逻辑主语常省去）2).It’s so nice to hear your voice.3).Seeing is believing.（不带逻辑主语的不定式或动名词作主语时，通常看作第一人称的逻辑主语省略）注意以下特殊情况中非谓语一律用主动式：①主语 系动词 形容词 不定式②need/want/require(需要) doing③be worth doing2．作宾语或表语时，要根据主句主语来分析主被动形式。
例如：1).The little girl would like to be brought to the State with her brother.2).His story in the jungle is very exciting.3．作定语时，应根据被修饰词来选用主被动形式。
例如：1).I have a room to paint,so I can’t go out for a picnic with them.2).We have a room to be painted.Where can we find a worker?(当句中出现了作定语的不定式动词的执行者时用主动式，否则用被动式)4．作宾补的非谓语主被动形式要根据非谓语动词与宾语的关系来确定。
例如：1).Don’t have the water running like that.2).She sat alone in the room,with her eyes fixed on the ceiling.第三步：经过第一、二两步分析仍未能作出最后选择时，可能会剩下不定式和分词内部不同的式之间的选择，即非谓语的“时态”，这时可通过比较非谓语动词和谓语动词所发生的先后来判别。
1．不定式的一般式to do/to be done常用在①表示非谓语动词发生在谓语之后；例如：1).I hope to see you again soon.2).Who do you think our teacher will have work on the wall-newspaper?②表示与谓语动词同时发生的一个全过程动作或谓语当时所处的状态。
例如：4).Have you seen a little boy go into the house?5).He seems to know that.2．不定式的进行式to be doing 和现在分词的一般式doing/being done只用来表示非谓语动词和谓语动词同时发生。
例如：1).The secretary worked late into the night, preparaing the long speech for the president.2).They pretended to be sleeping when Mother came in.3．不定式完成式to have done/to have been done和现在分词完成式having done/having been done均表示动作发生在谓语之前。
例如：1).He is said to have left.2).Not having heard from him,I wrote to him again.4．词常表示发生在谓语之前而及物动词的过去分词则可以指发生在谓语之前或与谓语同时的状态。
例如：1).fallen leaves/a burnt-out match2).The thief was brought in,with his hands tied behind.非谓语动词题的八条经典原则原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式1. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there ____for a space flight.（07江西卷）A. trainingB. being trainedC. to have trainedD. to be trained2. _____ this cake，you’ll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. （2006广东卷）A. Having madeB. MakeC. To makeD. Making原则二：用于名词后作定语时，使用非谓语动词的原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生；用现在分词，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词，表示动作已经发生，同时表示被动意义。
3. The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games _____ in Beijing in 2008. （2006四川卷）A. holdB. holdingC. heldD. to be held4. There are hundreds of visitors _____ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh’s paintings.（2006上海卷）A. waitedB. to waitC. waitingD. wait5. “Things _____ never come again!”I couldn’t help talking to myself. （2007湖南卷）A. lostB. losingC. to lostD. have lost6.—The last one _____ pays the meal.—Agreed!（2007全国I）A. arrivedB. arrivesC. to arriveD. arriving原则三：用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词7. As the light turned green，I stood for a moment，not _____，and asked myself what I was going to do.（2007湖南卷）A. movedB. movingC. to moveD. being moved8. Peter received a letter just now _____ his grandma would come to see him soon.（07四川卷）A. saidB. saysC. sayingD. to say9. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class，he would answer carelessly，always _____ the same thing. （2006江苏卷）A. sayingB. saidC. to sayD. having said10. We often provide our children with toys，footballs or basketballs，_____ that all children like these things. （2006全国III）A. thinkingB. thinkC. to thinkD. thought原则四：用作结果状语时，可用现在分词或不定式，其原则区别是，一般要用现在分词，不定式用作结果状语主要用于某些特定句式中11. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_____ in the natural light during the day. （2007天津卷）A. to letB. lettingC. letD. having let12. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，_____ a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4. （2005山东卷）A. have reachedB. reachingC. to reachD. to be reaching13. He hurried to the booking office only _____ that all the tickets had been sold out. （2006陕西卷）A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. told14. He hurried to the station only_____ that the train had left. （2005广东卷）A. to findB. findingC. foundD. to have found原则五：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。