英语作文材料

写作

二、 模拟练
Task 1
1. 审题思路
本文要求阐明知识和文凭之间的关系，以及自己的看法。文章可从以下三段着手：
第一段陈述社会上存在着追求高文凭的现象和观点；
第二段提出质疑，举例说明；
第三段表明自己的观点，拥有文凭不等于拥有知识，知识和能力来源于努力工作和天生的资质，虚假文凭只是一张白纸。
2. 范文点评
Knowledge and Diploma
With the development of the society，more and more people enroll in the postgraduate examination for getting a high diploma. It is believed that high diploma equals to high ability and profound knowledge. Most companies are inclined to hire the people with high diploma. It seems that having high diploma means a better future.
However，is it really true that high diploma equals to high ability or profound knowledge? Some people do not agree on this kind of idea. They claim that ability or knowledge means more than diploma. Take Bill Gates，the head of the Microsoft，for example，he does not have a MBA degree which is believed to play a vital role in the success in commercial life. Furthermore，Sam Walton of Wal-Mart Stores Inc. does not have a MBA degree，but they are the most successful men in commercial.
In my opinion，diploma does not equal to knowledge. A diploma is a piece of paper which establishes your education degree. But your true ability and the real knowledge come from your hard work and endowment. If you got a diploma by dishonest behavior，no matter how high a diploma it is，it was just a piece of paper，and you were as blank as that paper.

点评
are inclined to用词准确，有深度。
claim的出现明确了不同观点。
观点明确，把立脚点放在对文凭的认识上。
Task 2
1. 审题思路
本文主要是要求针对“远离网吧”运动进行分析，然后做出评论。文章可以从以下方面展开：
描述“远离网吧”运动的具体内容；
分析出现这种运动的原因；
做出评论。
2. 范文点评
Away from Net-bar Campaign
has been reported that a middle school in Beijing City has recently launched a campaign named “Away from Net-bar”. More than a thousand students have signed for their solemn promise that they will not spend a single minute in the net bars. With the nearing of the summer vacation，this campaign is especially meaningful for the healthy development of the minors.
The Internet has brought people great convenience in getting information，entertainment and contact with others, and it has also benefited some businessmen，especially the owner of net-bars. While it is true that most net-bars are running legally，it is also true that some are offering unhealthy programs that involve violence and sex content. Since most middle school students are prone to be influenced and they can hardly tell wh

ich bars are doing well and which ones are not, it is only advisable that they stay away from all.
Besides，staying away from net-bars also does good to students physical health. By passively sitting too long in front of the computer screen, both their eyesight and physique suffer.
Obviously, the “Away from Net-bars Campaign” is an activity that is worth advocating and it merits other schools reference.
点评
言简意赅，直入主题。
过渡自然，语言中肯。
进一步深入解释，理由充分。
做出评论，简短收尾。

Task 3
1. 审题思路
要注意，题目是一个问题，写出的文章就是答案。可以在文章开篇提出高校扩招现象的必然性，随后表明自己的观点，在结尾处要注意，既然高校扩招开始了，它必然是有很大的合理性的，不管前面是赞成还是不赞成，文章最后总是要给出一些积极的说法。列出如下的三段式的提纲：
第一段：简述现状，大学普遍扩招，其中有几个方面的因素。
第二段：扩招带来了一些社会问题。
第三段：相信扩招从长远来看是一项对社会有益的举措，相信随着社会的发展以上问题都能逐渐得到解决。
2. 范文点评
Is the Expansion of Enrollment a Good Thing?
Recently，colleges and universities have expanded their enrollment. The reasons for the expansion are as follows. Firstly，they want to keep up with the need of the job market to produce more qualified people to take up the jobs. Secondly，the expansion has entitled many high school graduates to the right of receiving higher education. Last but not least，it can raise the intellectual standards of our nation.
However，studies show that the trend to expand has brought about many problems. For instance，the teaching facilities and accommodation capacities of many colleges and universities are limited and are unable to meet the demand of an everincreasing number of the newly enrolled students. On the other hand，the average quality of the freshmen is declining. In the long run，hunting for a job will be a tough thing for the graduates and that will inevitably exert much pressure on the prospects of employment.
In spite of all this，I am still confident that the expansion of enrollment is of great benefit to our society and is a good thing. With the development of our national economy，the problem as mentioned above will be solved if proper measures are taken.点评
开门见山，直入主题。
阐述原因，条理清晰。
过渡自然。内容详实，用词恰当。inevitably exert much pressure语言有力度。
观点明确，体现了作者乐观向上的态度。

一、 真题练
1. 审题思路
本文要求阐述大学校园向游客开放的利与弊。根据提纲要求，可将文章分为三段。
第一段提出现象：现在越来越大的大学校园向社会、游客开放。


第二段指出正反观点：有些人支持大学校园向游客开放，认为“大学本就是公众场合；开放大学校园能引起全社会对教育的重视等”。
有些人反对这一观点，认为“大学校园这个象牙塔是治学之所，不应向与教育无关的事情开放。”
第三段作者指明自己的立场。
2. 范文点评
Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists？
Nowadays some famous university campuses are becoming a new attraction for tourists. Opening of university campuses has become a hot issue among people.
Some people think that as a place of education, universities should not be open to the activities which have nothing to do with education. Some other people,however, would argue that a university is a public place; consequently, it should be open to the public and people will benefit from the opening of the university campuses.
As far as I am concerned,university campuses should be open to the public. First,universities are public resource as well as places for higher education. People, with an interest in university culture, have the right to visit campus, attend lectures, see exhibitions and enjoy the beautiful sights of these famous university campuses. Second,universities should hold an open mind to the public, welcoming different cultures as well as different people. Third, in many peoples' eyes, these famous universities are a holy place, representing a society's cultural and historical essence. When a university campus is open to the tourists, it surely would get a good chance to exhibit its charm to the public.
点评
提出现象。
指出双方的对立立场以及具体原因。
明确给出自己的看法，并列出原因。
表递进的连接词实现了层次的自然过渡。
二、 模拟练
Task 1
1. 审题思路
本文要求针对圈养宠物列举观点。按照提纲可以从以下方面展开：
随着人们生活水平的提高，有些人喜欢养宠物；
但是有些人反对养宠物，因为有许多弊端；
自己的观点，并阐明原因。
2. 范文点评
Pet Raising
Nowadays，with the improvement of the people's living standard，some people form a habit of raising small or domestic animals as pets. Some raise small dogs or cats as their pets while others raise various birds or fishes as their pets. There are still even some people raising snakes and other unusual animals as their pets.
Does anyone have the same opinion of raising animals as pets? No，some people object to the idea of raising animals as pets. To them，animals have their own right to live a natural life like human beings. On the other hand，the way people raise animals as pets have a negative influence on the surroundings，such as dogs barking at midnight，dogs chasing people on the street and so on. Whats more，some animals will transmit some diseases.
In my opinion，I

do not like the idea to raise animals as pets. Animals have their own right to lead a life as they like. We should not deprive them of their natural right. In this way，we will live in a peaceful world in harmony with other living creatures.

点评
排比用法，条理清晰。
用自问自答的方式引出相反的观点，过渡自然。object，negative influence，transmit的应用增强了文章的语言色彩。
语言流畅，观点明了。
Task 2
1. 审题思路
文章要求讨论在大企业和小企业工作的特点，并做出选择。可以从以下方面展开：
提出观点，在大企业和小企业工作是有差异的；
在大企业工作的特点；
在小企业工作的特点；
我自己的喜好以及原因。
2. 范文点评
To Be a Small Fish in a Big Pond Or
a Big Fish in a Small Pond?
Just as there are distinct differences between being a small fish in a big pond and a big fish in a small pond, so it is with working as a subordinate in a large enterprise or presiding in a small firm.
With the former，you can derive a deep sense of satisfaction from being a member of a well-known organization such as General Motors，or the Bell Telephone System. You have the opportunities of learning from experienced executives and knowing about the standard working process.
With the latter，you have greater responsibilities and your decision may bring immediate effect. Normally you are exposed to various experiences and expected to do a great many things without much help or guidance.
Personally I prefer to work in a small enterprise, where my prospect of promotion is good as long as I work hard. To tell the truth，I'd rather become a well-known and important figure within my own small pond.

点评
比喻用得形象生动，恰到好处。
言简意赅，内容详实。
与上一段对比鲜明，条理清晰。
语言有力度，富于渲染力。
Task 3
1. 审题思路
文章要求针对广告的作用进行分析，然后提出自己的观点。可以从以下几个方面展开：
通过列举日常生活的各个方面，突出广告的积极作用。
从反面论说广告可能带来的消极作用；
提出自己的观点：不可能消除广告，但也最好是“眼见为实”。
2. 范文点评
Advertisement
Daily life needs advertisements because the main function of advertising is to disseminate information on commodities，services，culture，employment，student enrollment and even marriage. With advertisements people save a lot of time in shopping; without advertisements，manufactures may find it difficult to sell their products. Advertising helps stabilize industry and employment，improves quality，and by competition，helps keep prices within bounds.
However，some dismiss advertisements as useless and waste of time. They are afraid of the fact that advertisements are t

o some degree misleading and cheating. Consumers are encouraged to buy unnecessary things which they will not buy otherwise. Furthermore，the huge advertising expenses are shared by the consumers， which seems to be unfair.
Since we now live in a world of advertisements there seems to be no possibility that we can get rid of them. Perhaps nowadays，we should pick up the old phrase “seeing is believing” again.
点评
开门见山，直入主题。
通过对比，突出广告的积极作用。
几个动词的排比使用加强了语气。
过渡自然。
阐述原因有条理。
语气平稳，柔中带刚。

二、 模拟练
Task 1
1. 审题思路
根据所给的标题和提纲，可以确定作文的主题是：危险刺激的体育运动日益流行具体原因是什么？因此，文章应分为两大部分。
第一段：引言段，指出“危险刺激的体育活动日益流行”这一现象，并列举出几个具体活动；
第二段：用因果分析法以及对比法，从社会学的角度说明分析这一社会现象的原因。
2. 范文点评
Dangerous Sports Activities
Nowadays more and more people around the world are taking part in exciting and risky extreme sports. Bungee jumping is a typical example of such an activity. You can jump from a high place of 200 meters from the ground with an elastic rope tied to your feet and fall at up to 150 kilometers an hour until the rope stops you from hitting the ground.
Why are people actively involved in such crazy activities as these? Some sociopsychologists suggest that it is because life in modern societies, especially in those developed countries, has become safe and boring as contrasted to the life in old times when people were under constant threat to survive. Therefore, they always strive to make life better. However,present life in modern societies offers people little excitement but much pressure. Despite the comparatively safe and comfortable environment they live in, they are facing a mounting pressure from the fastpaced life and fierce competition. Therefore, it is very necessary for people to have an outlet to release their pressure and seek thrill and relaxation in activities such as bungee jumping.
点评
“用现在，越来越多……”引出这一社会现象。
举例说明
自然过渡到“解释原因”的段落。
对比的方法
转折
因果分析。
Task 2
1. 审题思路
本题为图表型作文，分析图表可以发现近年来我国的受教育现状有了很大的变化，数据有增有减。具体的原因需要考生进行分析。因此文章可以分为三段：
第一段：正面描述表格中的数据，可以通过分类来对其中的内容进行总结概括。
第二段：根据分类，可以从不同角度揭示数据背后的原因。
第三段：谈谈我们社会生活的重大变化，对这一现象进行总结，指出其优劣。
2. 范

文点评
Changes in Educational Enrollment in China
As is shown in the table，great changes in student enrollment in China took place during the years from 1996 to 2001. On the one hand，the number of students in primary schools and secondary schools has reduced. On the other hand，the enrollment of specialized schools and colleges has improved a lot.
These changes are due to two points. First，more than twenty years，the Chinese government adopted the Family Planning Policy，which cut down the birth rate effectively. As a result，the enrollment in primary schools decreased. Secondly，in recent years，with the China economy booming，both Chinese government and Chinese people got rich enough to afford the education for the young people. Therefore，the government founded many new schools and colleges，which provided more opportunities for young people who are interested in study.
In my opinion，Chinese government has made a wise decision to reduce the population. Now we can see the positive effects on our country and people. With fewer people，we can have better education and life.

点评
开门见山，直入主题。
过渡自然，承上启下。
booming用词形象贴切。
提出个人观点，语言简洁。
Task 3
1. 审题思路
文章要求根据图表中的内容分析中美大学生收入来源的差异，所以在写作时一定要紧扣图表的内容。可以从以下方面展开：
提出问题，综合概述中美学生的收入来源。
根据图表，分析中美学生收入来源的差异。
解释中美学生收入来源差异的原因。
表明自己的观点，预测未来发展趋势。
2. 范文点评
Income Sources of College Students
Recently，a research is carried out to find out the difference in income sources for American and Chinese students. According to a research，both American and Chinese college students have three income sources:their parents，their part-time job and their scholarship.
The difference lies in the percentage of students for each source. About 90% of Chinese students in the research get money from their parents. In contrast，only 50% of the American students resort to this way. About 35% of the American students depend on parttime jobs，but only 5% of Chinese students would do so. Scholarship is the financial resource for 15% of American students，but only for 5% of the Chinese students.
There are many reasons for this difference. Independence is greatly honored in American society，and students would be proud to depend on themselves. Besides they have a more flexible schedule so they can have more time to do the part-time jobs.
I think with the reform in college education，this tendency may be changed. The wide spread adoption of credit-system will give the Chinese students more time to pursue their parttime job and get more independent from their parents.
点评
符合图表作

文的句式，行文简洁流畅。
过渡自然，紧扣主题。
为下文做铺垫，层次鲜明。
表明自己的观点，符合要求。

一、 真题练
1. 审题思路
本文要求阐述解决支付大学费用的途径，并选出适合自己的方式。根据提纲要求，可把文章分为三段：
第一段指出新采取的大学收费政策及解决问题的重要性；
第二段具体说明解决该问题的各种途径；
最后一段指出适合自己的方式并说明理由。
2. 范文点评
How I Finance My College Education
Nowadays，there is a growing concern on the newly adopted tuition policy at college. It is certain that college students should partly finance their college education. Consequently，it is of great importance for them to know how they finance their college education.
There are at least the following approaches to solve the problem. First of all，they can depend on their parents，as is the most common case in China. Secondly，they can do parttime jobs to earn the money. In addition，for some excellent students，they may apply for the scholarship. Finally，some students may turn to the loan programs for financial aid.
Personally，I would prefer selfreliance by offering instruction as a tutor. On the one hand，I dont want to put too much burden on my parents. On the other hand，my work as a tutor offers me the chance to combine textbook knowledge with social practice. In a word，I've gained double advantage through my part in solving the tuition and fees problem.
点评
直入主题。
用it is certain that引出观点，是对第一句的进一步阐述。
逐一列举方法，思路清晰。
put too much burden on用词形象生动。
用gained double advantage言简意赅地说明该途径的好处。
二、 模拟练
Task 1
1. 审题思路
文章要求提出大城市住房难的解决方法。根据提纲，全文可以分为三个部分展开：
第一部分概述现状，提出问题：住房越来越难。
第二部分提出解决问题的方法，分析原因。
第三部分得出结论，表明观点。

2. 范文点评
How to Solve Housing Problem in Big Cities
The population on earth is increasing rapidly，and with the development of modern industry，more and more people are flowing into the cities. As a result，the housing problem in big cities is becoming more and more serious.
There have been many suggested solutions to this problem. And Im in favor of the idea of building satellite cities in suburb. The fresh air and beautiful scenery will attract people to leave the overcrowded city. With many people leaving the city，more space will be available to those remaining. We can find a lot of successful examples in other countries who solve this problem by building satellite cities.
In the meantime，I don't think the underground project will help to solve the problem.

I can hardly imagine that people will like to live under the ground，without sky and sun. It will make people feel totally uncomfortable.
The building of satellite cities is a good way to solve the housing problem. It will not only relieve the burden on the big city, but also provide a much better environment for people to live. Of course，there is no perfect way to solve the problem. The housing problem is very complicated，involving many other problems such as traffic. You cannot rely on one way to solve the problem completely.
点评
提出问题，直入主题。
过渡自然，引出论点。
反面驳斥，突出个人倾向。
措辞有力，表达力强。
Task 2
1. 审题思路
文章要求针对缺电现象进行分析，然后提出建议。因此，可以从以下方面展开：
第一段：概述缺电现象。
第二段：分析缺电现象存在的主要原因。
第三段：提出建议，具体说明。
2. 范文点评
On Power Failure
Recently, every morning when I wake up，I find my air-conditioner automatically turned off . I didn't understand why at first，but soon I learned that there was a great shortage of electricity supply in our city. My air-conditioner turned off because of a power failure at midnight.
With the rapidly developing industry and the everincreasing population， demand for electricity supply is soaring. Besides，summers in recent years are much hotter than before，so most working places and households are airconditioned，which consumes additional electricity.
Faced with such a hard nut，we have to find ways to crack it. Above all， in western areas of China， there is surplus of electricity supply. So， cities that are thirsty for electricity may ask for remote help. Then， when we have electricity，we should remember to save it. Set your airconditioners at 27℃ and you wont feel less comfortable than when they are at 26℃. In fact， some factories already shift their working hours to avoid the peak time of electricity consuming. My parents dont work from Monday to Friday as before. They work from Saturday to Wednesday and have the following two days off instead. This is also a way out，isn't it?
点评
用亲身经历提出问题，容易引起共鸣。
原因中肯，soaring的使用形象有力。
语言使用地道，过渡自然。
建议有条理，语气柔和、亲切。
Task 3
1. 审题思路
这个题目是典型的途径方法类型。可以按照文中给出的思路审题，市场竞争的激烈提出了更高的挑战，如何成为市场竞争中优胜劣汰的成功者，必然是每个商家时常考虑的问题。考生可以从自己对社会的了解和基本的常识出发给出几点建议，最后用简洁的语言总结全文。根据上面的审题思路，可列出如下提纲：
第一段：由市场竞争的日益激烈出发，提出在优胜劣汰的竞争中生

存的问题。
第二段：列举在市场中站稳应该做到的几个方面。
第三段：总结全文。
2. 范文点评
How to Gain Success in Market Competition
With the development of market economy，more and more enterprises are established. However，the competition between them is getting fiercer. Then，how to survive in the competition? In my opinion， three factors are essential to it.
To begin with，market investigation，as one of the essential elements，should be given priority. The reason is that it can offer you a clear picture of the situation of supply and demand for certain commodities. Developing new products appealing to customers is the second important factor. For instance，the designers should study fashions carefully，as we all know people are usually attracted to new fashions. What is more，improvement of product quality and technical innovation are also important. This is because durability and originality are always something people tend to pursue.
To sum up，it is essential for enterprises to adhere to these three principles. Therefore，the management should put emphasis on research and design，quality and technology of their products.

点评
fiercer 用词形象。
essential的使用恰到好处。
本段文章条理清晰，理由充分。given priority语义直接，重点突出。
appealing to形象贴切。
tend to简洁自然。
adhere to，put emphasis on用词生动有力。

Task 2
1. 审题思路
本文是在应用文框架下（见证书）的记叙性加分析性文体。依据提纲，可将文章分为三段，前两段告知车祸发生的具体情况：时间、地点以及其他具体情况，属于记叙文范畴；第三段分析车祸原因，属于原因分析性范畴。
第一段叙述具体的时间、地点；
第二段详细描述车祸发生时的所见所闻；
第三段按层次分析车祸的原因（人为事故，天气，路面状况，或其他）。
An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Accident
Yesterday afternoon, I happened to witness a terrible traffic accident on my way home from school. It was 5:30 p.m., I was riding my favorite Giant bike home. When I got to the last crossing on the Zhongguancun Street, the red light was on. So I applied the brakes, along with a long queue of vehicles waiting to pass.
Just at that moment, a heavy-load truck with earth roared forward at my side and bumped against a Private Accord of Honda traveling east bound. As a result, the wind shield of the lorry was broken into pieces and its driver got fatally wounded on the head on the steering wheel. The driver of the Accord and his girlfriend, the only passenger in the car, only got minor injuries, but his car lost its rear axel and two wheels and was totally dead.
As for the cause of the accident, I think the driver of the lorry should be held responsible: the light was red then; he should have

stopped and waited. It was he who had broken the traffic regulations. In addition,the bad weather was part of the cause. It was drizzling then, and the road was quite slippery.Finally,drunk driving was probably an important factor. As the police discovered on the spot, there was a heavy smell of alcohol on the dead body of the lorry driver.
点评
具体的时间、地点，制造现场感。
具体事故双方、人员伤亡、车辆受损等情况。
用Ｉｎ ａｄｄｉｔｉｏｎ，Fｉｎａｌｙ等连接词层层分析车祸的可能原因。
二、 模拟练
Task 1
1. 审题思路
文章要求给朋友写信，表明自己对考研究生还是踏上工作的态度。可以从以下方面展开：
开场白，总体概述情况。
表明自己的观点，陈述原因。
结束语，给予鼓励。
2. 范文点评
A Letter to Li Fang
Dear Fang,
I understand that you are in a dilemma. Although so many graduates are eager to set feet on their work-life road，there are still some who prefer to start their new life after gaining another degree to make better preparation for entering society.
In my opinion，the latter are more admirable. You are good at all your courses these years，so if you do like to spend another two or three years on campus，you should stick to it. In today's society，the achievement and status you can get and the devotion you can make are no doubt in proportion to your educational background and degrees，coupled with the efforts you put in them. If you want to stride to your destinations more smoothly and easily，why not head for the further study courageously?
Whichever you choose， I firmly believe your industry will ensure your success. After all，it is you who have the final say on the final choice.
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely,
Jill

点评
开门见山，用词恰到好处，有很强的概括性。
排比句的使用加强了语气。
用词有力度。
结尾简短，但情真意切。
Task 2
1. 审题思路
本文要求写一封贷款信。可以根据所给的提纲逐项阐述，但要注意理由要充分。可以从以下方面展开：
自我介绍，概述自己的基本情况。
详细说明贷款的原因、数额和用途。
具体解释自己打算如何专款专用以及如何还款。
2. 范文点评
A Letter Applying for a Bank Loan
Mar. 1
Dear Sir/Madam，
I am a sophomore in Shandong University，majoring in computer software. In the previous one and a half years I have been a model student and monitor of my class.
However，since I registered here，the expenses have become a burden for my family. You know， my parents are both laidoff workers，and，to make matters worse，

my mother has suddenly fallen ill and is expecting a major operation. It will be beyond their ability to finance me through my remaining education. It is now a must for me to help relieve their financial pressure. So I'm applying to your bank for a loan of 12,000 yuan. If my application is approved，all the money will go to my tuition and fees for the coming academic years.
Ive made a detailed plan to arrange my school life. A part-time job as a family tutor will not be difficult to find and some work-study programs for students like me are also provided in our university. From these sources I will be able to earn more than enough to support myself. I guarantee that I will repay the loan within five years，that is，within two years after my graduation. Please have confidence in me: I have a very good credit record.
I would be greatly obliged if my application is granted. Many thanks.
Yours sincerely,
Li Lu

点评
简单明了，特征突出。
内容详实，理由充分。
Li Lu有思想，陈述具体。
情真意切，语气中肯。
Task 3
1. 审题思路
这个题目是属于我们前面提到的抱怨信的范畴，分析所给内容可以看出，这应该是写给机场负责人的，注意信件正文部分的语言使用要恰当得体。其次在叙述故障的时候要注意将事件的前因后果表达清楚。我们可以按照下面列出的三段式的提纲展开作文：
第一段：使用规范婉转的语言，开门见山地提出要反映的主要问题。
第二段：详细地描述问题所在，注意行文的逻辑组织应有详有略，有主有次，并全面地反映事实现状，有褒有贬。
第三段：再次重申自己写这封信的初衷，表达自己期待着问题的早日解决。
2. 范文点评
A Complaint about a New walkman
Dear Sir,
I wish to make a complaint about a Walkman which I bought three days ago in the Duty Free section of your airport. As is my habit，I made a point of trying it out on the spot. It worked perfectly well，and so I went ahead and purchased it.
However，when I got home and tried it again，it seemed that the volume knob had ceased to work. Removing the back of the case，I found that the internal components of the Walkman were all rusted. Not only that but some of the wires were broken.
I am sure that you will agree that this is a most unsatisfactory situation. Therefore，I request you to arrange to replace this Walkman with another one，which must be in perfect working order. Failing that，I will have to insist on a refund in full of the price which I paid for it.
Yours sincerely,
John Jones

点评
语言婉转，直接提出问题。
语言自然，问题

详细。
重申问题，提出要求。用词有力度，柔中带刚。