英美案例-18题
英美概况试题及答案考研
英美概况试题及答案考研
1. 英国的首都是哪个城市？
答案：伦敦。
2. 美国的独立日是每年的哪一天？
答案：7月4日。
3. 英国的官方语言是什么？
答案：英语。
4. 美国的首都是哪里？
答案：华盛顿特区。
5. 英国的货币单位是什么？
答案：英镑。
6. 美国的货币单位是什么？
答案：美元。
7. 英国的现任君主是谁？
答案：伊丽莎白二世女王。
8. 美国的现任总统是谁？
答案：[此处填写当前日期的美国现任总统姓名]。
9. 英国最大的城市是哪一个？
答案：伦敦。
10. 美国最大的城市是哪一个？
答案：纽约市。
11. 英国的面积大约是多少？
答案：约243,610平方公里。
12. 美国的面积大约是多少？
答案：约9,525,067平方公里。
13. 英国的人口大约是多少？
答案：约6,600万。
14. 美国的人口大约是多少？
答案：约3.3亿。
15. 英国的国花是什么？
答案：玫瑰。
16. 美国的国花是什么？
答案：玫瑰。
17. 英国的国鸟是什么？
答案：红胸鸲。
18. 美国的国鸟是什么？
答案：白头海雕。
19. 英国的国歌是什么？
答案：《天佑女王》。
20. 美国的国歌是什么？
答案：《星条旗》。
英美文学欣赏考题整编及答案解析
英美⽂学欣赏考题整编及答案解析Part One：English Poetry1.William Shakespeare Sonnet 18Why does the poet compare `thee` to a summer’s day And who could `thee` beBecause summer’s day and thee both represent beauty . thee could be beauty, love.What picture have you got of English summer, and could you explain whyWarm, beautiful, sunshine. Because summer is the best season of a year ,the most beautiful season. It is like our May.How does the poet answer the question he puts forth in the first lineThee is more beautiful than summer.What makes the poet think that “thou”can be more fair than summer and immortalBecause humanism is more eternal than summer and immortal.What figures of speech are used in this poemSimile, metaphor, personification, oxymoron and so on .What is the theme of the poemLove conquers all, Beauty lives on.2. Thomas Nashe SpringRead the poem carefully, pay attention to those image- bearingwords, and see how many images the poet created in the poem and what sense impressions you can get from those images.There is “Blooms each thing, maids dance in a ring, the pretty birds do sing, the palm and may make country houses gay, Lambs frisk' and play, the shepherds pipe all day, And we hear aye birds tune this merry lay, The fields breathe sweet, the daisies kiss our feet, Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit, In every street these tunes bur ears do greet!”The “Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit，”impressions me most because of the harmony of the people’s relationship.Can you point out and explain the sound and their musical effect in the poemIn the Poem, each section has four lines, each line has ten syllables ( five tone step ) . In order to give the reader a spring breeze , streams , flowers , winding , Song Xin texture of sound and light flavor, Naixi greater uses English word S , z , f , V , R , L , and θconsonants means. In Naixi's poem, the use of phonological is also very harmonious, very smooth , very mellow. Section I of the poetry has Three pairs [ ing ] , section II of the poem has three pairs [ ei ] and the third quarter has three pairs [i : ].3.John Donne A Valediction: Forbidding MourningWhat is a “valediction”any way Is the speaker in the poemabout to die? Why does the speaker forbid mourning?No, it is about the lovers’separation. As the poem metaphors, the poet believed he and his wife’s love is sacred, he didn’t hope they cry when separation comes, let their love be stained by the ordinary and mundane.In the first verse, the poet used virtuous men’s death metaphor for lovers’separation, in the third verse he used “moving of the earth”and “trepidation of the spheres”metaphor for lovers’separation and the result of separation, in the last three verse he used stiff twin compasses’two legs metaphor for poet himself and his wife. All these metaphors show poet opinion that he will separate from his wife in peace, their love is a scared love, when they away from each other, they will not be hurt by the painof the separation. He and his wife will not really separate. They care about each other and listen to the other one’s heart, their trust and loyalty makes their love perfect like the circle made by a twin compasses.4.William Blake The TigerWhat is the symbolic meaning of the tigerThe symbol of the Tiger is unclear what it exactly symbolizes, but scholars have hypothesized that the Tiger could be inspiration, thedivine, artistic creation, history, the sublime, or vision itself. The list is almost infinite. The point is, the Tiger is important, and Blake’s poem barely limits the possibilities. Here are two major symbolisms:The tiger is the embodiment of God's power in creation.The tiger shows the force of French Revolution.What paradox can you find in the poem"Did he who made the Lamb make thee?" It challenges the one-track religious views of the 18’s century. The view only concluded that god create the lame, he is so kind a father. But it didn’t know god also create the tough tiger. He can also be very serious. The god is someone who can’t be truly understood by human beings.5.Robert Burns A Red, Red RoseHow dose the narrator in the love song express his loveIn stanza 1, the narrator presents two similes, the first comparing his love to a rose and the second comparing his love to a melody.In stanza 2, the narrator addresses the young lady as bonnie. In the last line of the stanza, he presents hyperbole, a figure of speech that exaggerates.In stanza 3, the man promises eternal love for her.In stanza 4, the poet vows to love her however far he may go.Why is this poem so touching to the readersBecause this poem professes the poet’s true love for his beloved girl, and uses the mentioned above to touch the readers. 6.William Wordsw orth I Wandered Lonely as a CloudWhat does the poet seeHe sees some daffodils.What is the poet’s mood before he sees the daffodilsVacant and pensive.What is the poet’s mood after he sees the daffodilsHe is very pleasant.How does the magical change occurThose daffodils show a fantastic picture to the poet, and the poet has been deeply affected by the scene, and his mood changes.What is the theme of the poem Or what does the poet want to tell youIt shows the beauty of nature, and the nature’s beauty uplifts the human spirit, and the harmony between human and nature.7.Robert Browning My Last Duchess1. In this poem, who and on what occasion is speaking to whomThe Duke is the speaker of the poem, and tells us he is entertaining an emissary who has come to negotiate the Duke’smarriage (hehas recently been widowed) to the daughter of another powerful family.What sort of person is the Duke’s last DuchessShe is kind, easy-going, innocent and lively.And what became of her in the endShe became very upset and worrying. The duchess died under suspicious circumstances on April 21, 1561, just two years after he married her. She may have been poisoned.2. What sort of person is the DukeHe is outrageously arrogant, narrow-minded, selfish, hypocritical, cold-blooded, crucial, greedy and treacherous.8.Walt Whitman O Captain! My Captain!Q:Walt Whitman’s poem “O Captain! My Captain!”is written in the form of an allegory. What is the overall connotative meaning in the poem?A: Ship’s implied meaning is America; My captain’implied meaning is Abraham Lincoln who leaded America to triumph in American Civil War then; our fearful trip’s implied meaning is American Civil War after which Lincoln was assassinated. In this poem author spoken highly of Lincoln’contribution and expressed his sorrow for Lincoln’death.9.Emily Dickinson (1)Success is counted sweetest (67)According to the poem, who can understand success most Do you agree or not with the poet’s view that “Success is counted sweetest by those who ne’er succeed”?The person who best understands the meaning of success is the person who failsWhat sort of feelings does the poet show toward the victor and the defeatedThe poet shows her awareness of the complicated truths of human desire. Success can be comprehended by someone who need it;the defeated, dying man understand victory more clearly than the victorious army does.(2)Because I could not stop for Death (712)How many people are there in the carriage And where are they going right nowThere are three in the carriage, the Poet, Death, and Immortality. ?Where did they pass? What can these places remind us of?They passed the school, the fields of Gazing grain, the Setting Sun. It reminds us of childhood, maturity and old age, the children are evident symbols of the beginning of things, the grain rip of the adulthood, and the sun setting of the rest of the days.What is the poet’s attitude toward death and life implied in the poemThe poet’s attitude is that death is nothing to be forced since it is natural part of the endless cycle of nature, it’s only the beginning ;to die is to go on another journey, although death takes one away from the earthy world ;there is still something to look forward to when one dies, death means eternity.10.Robert Frost Stopping by Woods on a Snowy EveningWhy did the speaker stopLiterally he was fascinated by the beautiful night scene and stoped his horse to watch the woods fill up with the snow,it was also a little break for the long travel. But in fact,it's symbolism,the 'woods' stands for the nature,the 'village' stands for the human world, 'horse' for the animal world. The poem represents a moment of relaxation from the burdensome journey of life, an almost aesthetic enjoyment and appreciation of natural beauty which is wholesome and restorative against the chaotic existence of modern man.Why did he later decide to goAs the last sentence said 'But I have promises to keep,And miles to go before I sleep.'His 'horse' shake the bell to ask if they should go,which is actuallya symbol of vitality, urges him to go. He lives in the real life, and hehas his own obligation "promise to keep',he hasn't achieve it, so hemust go on his trip,leave the beautiful scene.Though the scene is so amazing,he has to have the real life. Though the real life is so hard,he must back to it,and reach his goal. One leaves no regrets after he dies, as long as one has reached his goal. What is your understanding of “promises to keep”“The promise”could be an obligation or a goal. One cannot die before fulfilling one’s dream. The poet uses “sleep”to represent death, just as we usually do. People have their own dream or goal,it's also the duty for us to finish, we live for ourselves and we make life wonderful by keeping on reaching our goal,no regrets leaves as long as we have reached our goals.11. Ezra Pound In a Station of the MetroPart Two: English Fiction12. Jonathan Swift Gulliver’s TravelsIn this chapter, Swift describes the smallness of the Lilliputians.What does this “smallness”imply in the author’s satire of the aristocratic bourgeois society of the time?Key: The Lilliput scene depicted in the first volume of the novel is a microcosm of the British Empire. The perennial endless struggle between UK Tories and Whigs and external war are essentially just politicians intrigue in the section has nothing to do with the national economy and the people's livelihood. The “smallness”imply that …What is the cause of the civil strife and war between Lilliput and the neighbouring empire of Blefuscu? What is the target of the author’s satire?(1)Key: The parties are divided as high-heeled party and low-heeledparty according to the height of the heel. The relationship between parties is irreconcilable; Neighboring countries not only want to conquer and enslave the other, but also argue about trifles such as which head we should knock when we will eat eggs .(2) Key: The author uses irony and innuendo tactics to reflect the British social contradictions among first half of the 18th century, to criticize the British parliamentary politics and reactionary religious forces, to expose the corruption and evil of the ruling clique, and to criticize the hazards of a war of aggression and colonialism.13Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice1.Do you agree with the statement “it is truth universallyacknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife”? What is the relationship between money and marriage?Key: (1) I agree with this statement. In my view, a bachelor who has lots of money is supposed to have a wife to company him. The amount of money demonstrates the ability of a person. The beauties and the wits should come together.(2) First, the relationship between marriage and money is very close; we can say that the money is the basis of marriage. This is just from the material conditions of life. However, the amount of money can’t measure the quality of marriage. A determinant of marriage is the couple's feelings, and if the lack of the feelings, life is not a happy marriage even though has more money.2.What do you think of Mrs. Bennet? How can you characterize her? Key: (1) Mrs. Bennet - a foolish, noisy woman whose only goal in life is to see her daughters married. Because of her low breeding and often unbecoming behavior, Mrs. Bennet often repels the very suitors whom she tries to attract for her daughters.(2) Mrs. Bennet is a miraculously tiresome character, who is noisy and foolish. And Mrs. Bennet is totally obedient and submissive in her marriage. Mrs. Bennet is a self-centered woman with the attitude that what is good enough for her is good enough for her children.14. Emily Bronte Wuthering Heights1.What is the main plot of the whole novel? What causes the tragicending of the love between Heathcliff and Catherine? Would it have been possible, under the circumstances, for the victimized lovers to find a way out?Key: Novel’s theme is vengeance. Katherine's character flaws is the root causes of the tragedy, Heathcliff to lost love human distortion conducteda series of revenge activities, the capitalist society for the generation of tragedy provides fertile soil. If Heathcliff get marry with Katherine, they’ll be happiness.2.Is Heathcliff’s revenge upon the Earnshaw and Linton familiesjustifiable? What is the author’s attitude toward Heathcliff, judging from the final futility of the revenge?Key: For the vengeance of the people is right .but it’s wrong in law. It’s love, but Heathcliff’s love is crazy.15. Kate Chopin The Story of an HourWhat kind of character is Louise MallardKey: Mrs. Mallard is a sympathetic character with strength and insight.What are the themes of this short storyKey: It’s mainly about the awakening of feminine awareness and the fruitless struggle of women for freedom in a man-centered world. It is about marriage bondages and celibacy freedom.What do “heart trouble”and “the open window”symbolize Key: (1) heart trouble symbolizes(2) the open window symbolizes16. Earnest Hemingway Hills like White Elephants1. What is a “white elephant ”according to the dictionary definition What does a “white elephant”symbolize in the story (1) Key: a: a property requiring much care and expense and yieldinglittle profitb : an object no longer of value to its owner but of value toothersc : something of little or no value(2)Key: The woman is pregnant, and the White Elephant is a hint ofthe body of the women. The fact that the two. This matter becomes a heavy burden for the two people.2. List the evidence that tells what kind of operation Jig is confronting. How risky is it physically and emotionally (1) evidence:1. 'It's really an awfully simple operation, Jig,' the man said. 'It's notreally an operation at all.'2. 'I know you wouldn't mind it, Jig. It's really not anything. It's justto let the air in.'3. 'They just let the air in and then it's all perfectly natural.'4. 'I know we will. Yon don't have to be afraid. I've known lots of people that have done it.'5. 'But I know it's perfectly simple.'(2) Key:1. Do affect her health, result that the body is badly weakened andbe reduced immunity in the aspect of physical.2. Do be Frustrated, empty and depressed mood which leads tothat she can not be quiet in the aspect of emotion.3. Has Jig made up her mind to do the operationKey: The question about whether to do an abortion, the article comes a stop suddenly at the end. So we can’t make sure whether Jig has made up her mind to do the operation.4. If the operation is something already decided on, then what upsets Jig What is the real conflict between the couple Key: (1) She worries that she could not get happiness as before with the man. She upsets that he would leave her for ever.(2) The real conflict between the couple is that whether the man likes the women from the deep heart and their attitudes towards life. ? 5. What kind of girl is Jig? How is their relation like? Does the American love Jig?Key: (1) She is restless and confused and longing for the deeper love from the man.(2) There could be many situations: first, a married man compels his lover to have a abortion; second, as a bachelor, he worries the baby would make his life be complex and so on.(3) Because of the various situations, we could not make an accurate conclusion that the man loves Jig. However, on some degree the man loves the woman by analyzing the conversation betweenthem.6. What is Hemingway’s styleKey: Hemingway’s style is laconic. The characteristic is reflected in thatWhen writing, he is very clear what kind of content could pit one against ten. It is both an immediate situation and also containing other deeper meanings, which can be informed in the way of exploring something by the readers.17.William Faulkner A Rose for Emily1. What is the meaning of the titleKey: A rose is a funeral flower. It’s author’s tribute to Emily, and also to south, Emily is the symbol. And it has an ironic meaning to this story.2. What kind of woman is Miss EmilyKey: She is embodiment of south, the old and traditional, also obstinate, resists to change anything ,a determined，dignified, valiant and literate woman.3. How did the townspeople think of herKey: The townspeople had mixed feelings—she was “dear inescapable, impervious, tranquil”, and perverse. Also she was always expected to bring honor to the town and set a good example for the young.4. What is the symbolic meaning of Emily’s houseKey: Emily’s house, like Emily herself, is a monument, the only remaining emblem of a dying world of southern aristocracy, also represents alienation and death.5. What is special about the narration of this storyKey: The writing style of the novel is using flashbacks and narration interspersed with flashbacks. The author let us know the independent but closely related events skillfully under the premise of being not exposed the true intentions, which makes us draw attention to the development of the plot without boring.Part Three: English Drama18. William Shakespeare Hamlet, Prince of Denmark1. Why does sleep appear to be so fearful for Hamlet even though it can put an end to the numerous headaches in our lifeKey: As described in the text, Hamlet thinks that sleep is different from death. Death means the end of life, you may go to the unknown world and you can’t comeback. If he dies, Hamlet can’t realize his will. Sleep can’t end the heartache and the thousand natural shocks. He can’t revenge and get relief through this way. He is frightened by the possible suffering in the long “dream”. He can’t predict what will happen in the sleep, may be good or evil.2. Why would most people prefer to bear all the sufferings in life rather than choose death as a means to end themKey: 1. As it goes that ‘Adversity makes growth’, by solving the problems we can acknowledge plenty of skills and overcome the sufferings in life. If we choose death as a means to end them, it is too passive for us to face the obstacles in life, which will lead to the failure in life.2. Because people hold the same idea "to grunt and sweat under aweary life, but that the dread of something after death-the undiscovered country, form whose bourn no traveler returns-puzzle the will, and make us rather bear those ills we have than fly to others that we don’t know.”People also are frightened by the myths in another world after death.Romeo and JulietWhat does it mean when Juliet says “That which we call a rose / By my other name would smell as sweet”Key:In Shakespeare's time, name on behalf of their family, and his family represents the social status. And personal just only on behalf of their inner identity.And Juliet says strongly reflects her humanist outlook on life and the concept of the ideal. 19. Oscar Wilde The Importance of Being Earnest1.How do you understand the title of the play? What is your impressionof Gwendolen? What are the most striking traits in Lady Bracknell’s character?(1) Key: Here is a pun. It’s important to be a serious man. And the author wants to satirize the triviality with which it treats institutions as serious as marriage, and the resulting satire of Victorian ways.(2) Key: She advocates sincere, do be intelligent and friendly, and is able to forgive the mistakes of others. She do be a earnest person.(3) Key: Lady Bracknell embodies the stereotype of the Victorian English aristocrat woman. She belongs to aristocratic society and is a typical Victorian snob, who is arrogant, formal and concerned with money. She is interested only in a materialistic world.20. Eugene O’Neill The Hairy Ape1.Yank assumes more than once the posture of Rodin’s “The Thinker”in the play. What does it have to do with the play’s motif and tone?What are the major images and symbols employed in the play to dramatize the theme?(1) Key: 1. The themes of this article are modern man loses his sense of belonging under technological progress and humanity is in a predicament by creating a world he does not belong to.2. The Thinker is often painful, which demonstrates the profoundly tragic matter of modern people like Yank: he is thinking and looks forward to a better life, but he doesn’t find the answer. In O'Neill’s opinion, there exists no answer. Therefore, he is destined to be a loser.3. In summary, the description of his behavior makes the thememore significant.2.Why do you think the play is subtitled “A Comedy of Ancient andModern Life in Eight Scenes”？Key: 1. The hairy ape is a comedy of ancient and modern life which shows O'Neill's social concern for the oppressedindustrial working class. It presents an extremely negative view of the state, of mechanized America, where the worker best adjusted to the system is a “hairy ape,”and where the “Capitalist class”is even more terribly dehumanized , for it has lost all connection with life , is simply “a procession of gaudy marionettes.”2. The play was created in 20th century when western people suffered unprecedented intellectual crisis. Human beings lost their absolute value, which made people fall into confusion and desperation. Besides, man’s desire to emotions was ignored in the rapid development of technology. People put existence of individuality first at that time.3. Numerous obstacles and frustrations occur in the way of Yank’s seeking for his position, which reflects survival crisis of most modern people. The more people think about, the clearer people realize about freedom.。
英美概况试题
( ) 14. Henry VII was responsible for the founding the Church of England.
( ) 15. The destruction of the Spanish Armada not only established the position of England as a major sea power but also paved the way for its foreign expansion.
10. In terms of population and area, Northern Ireland is the smallest part of the United Kingdom. ( T )
11. The Times is the world’s oldest national newspaper. ( F )
5. People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England refer to their country. 6. The Celtic people are the earliest known inhabitants of Britain. ( F )
( ) 20. The Hundred Year’s War refers to the intermittent war between France and England that lasted from 1337 to 1453.
1~5 FFFTF 6~10 TFTFF 11~15 TFFFT 16~20TFFFT
12. Because of political troubles, Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom. ( T )
英美文学选读自考题模拟18_真题-无答案
英美文学选读自考题模拟18(总分100,考试时间90分钟)Ⅰ.Multiple ChoiceSelect from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark your choice by blackening the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the answer sheet.1. The major theme of Jane Austen"s novels is ______.A. love and moneyB. money and social statusC. social status and marriageD. love and marriage2. Jonathan Swift"s ______ is generally regarded as the best model of satire, not only of the period but also in the whole English literary history.A. Gulliver"s TravelsB. The Battle of the BooksC. A Modest ProposalD. A Tale of a Tub3. The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, such as the rediscovery of ancient ______ and ______ culture, the new discoveries in geography and astrology, the religious reformation and the economic expansion.A. Chinese; IndianB. Hebrew; EgyptianC. Roman; GreekD. Britain; American4. ______ the first important English essayist, is also the founder of modem science in England and one of the representatives of the English Renaissance.A. Christopher MarloweB. Francis BaconC. Thomas MoreD. William Shakespeare5. Soliloquy is a natural means of writing in revealing the prince"s inner conflict and psychological predicament in Shakespeare"s ______.A. King LearB. OthelloC. HamletD. The merchant of Venice6. "To be, or not to be—that is the question" is a line taken from ______.A. HamletB. OthelloC. King LearD. The Merchant of Venice7. The progressive intellectual movement ______ spread over Western Europe in the 18th century.A. RenaissanceB. EnlightenmentC. Religious ReformationD. Chartist Movement8. As a representative of the Enlightenment, ______ was one of the first to introduce rationalism to England.A. John BunyanB. Alexander PopeC. Thomas GrayD. Daniel Defoe9. ______ is a typical feature of Swift"s writings.A. Elegant styleB. Causal narrationC. Bitter satireD. Complicated sentence structure10. For his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel, Henry Fielding has been regarded as "______."A. Father of the English NovelB. Father of the English PoetryC. Father of the English Short StoryD. Father of the English Drama11. The Romantic period is an age of ______. Blake, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelley and Keats are the major Romantic poets.A. novelB. dramaC. essayD. poetry12. ______ is a lovely volume of poems, presenting a happy and innocent world.A. Songs of ExperienceB. Songs of InnocenceC. Song of MyselfD. There Was a Child Went Forth13. ______ is perhaps the most anthologized poem in English literature, and one that takes us to the core of the poetic beliefs of William Wordsworth.A. The Solitary ReaperB. The Sailor"s MotherC. I Wandered Lonely as a CloudD. Ode to the West Wind14. In Shelley"s "To a Skylark," the bird, suspended between reality and poetic image, pours forth an exultant song which suggests to the poet ______.A. both celestial rapture and human limitationB. both image creation and profound meaningC. both music and wordsD. both inspiration and skills of writing15. In his ______, Shelley eulogized the powerful west wind and expressed his eagerness to enjoy the boundless freedom from the reality.A. Prometheus UnboundB. Ode to the West WindC. AdonaisD. A Defence of Poetry16. ______ makes the declaration that "I know that This World is a World of IMAGINATION & Vision," and that "The Nature of my work is visionary or imaginative."A. William BlakeB. William WordsworthC. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. George Gordon Byron17. Which of the following statements about Victorian literature is NOT true?A. Novels became the most widely read and the most vital and challenging expression of progressive thought.B. Victorian novelists were angry with the inhuman social institutions, the decaying social morality, the widespread misery, poverty and injustice.C. Influenced by a particularly strict set of moral standards, Victorian writers like Oscar Wilde, advocated the old moderate, respectable life-style.D. Victorian prose writers joined forces with the critical realist novelists in exposing and criticizing the social reality.18. Charles Dickens" works are characterized by a mingling of ______. He seems to believe that life is itself a mixture of joy and grief.A. love and hateB. friendship and lonelinessC. humor and pathosD. satire and criticism19. ______ represents those middle-class working women who are struggling for recognition of their basic rights and equality as a human being.A. CarrieB. Jane EyreC. CatherineD. Emily20. ______ works are known as "novels of character and environment."A. Charles Dickens"B. Thomas Hardy"sC. Jane Austen"sD. George Eliot"s21. Modernism is, in many aspects, a reaction against ______. It rejects rationalism, which is the theoretical base of realism.A. romanticismB. humanismC. symbolismD. realism22. Mrs. Warren"s Profession, written by ______, is a play about the economic oppression of women.A. George Bernard ShawB. William ShakespeareC. Richard Brinsley SheridanD. Mark Twain23. ______, T. S. Eliot" s most important single poem, has been hailed as a landmark and a model of the 20th-century English poetry.A. The Waste LandB. Ash WednesdayC. Four QuartetsD. The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock24. Sons and Lovers is a novel written by ______.A. H. LawrenceB. James JoyceC. Thomas HardyD. S. Eliot25. ______ was one of the first novelists to introduce themes of psychology into his works. He believed that the healthy way of the individual"s psychological development lay in the primacy of the life impulse.A. S. EliotB. George EliotC. James JoyceD. Ｄ．H. Lawrence26. The ______ came to function almost as a dramatic character that symbolized moral law in the American Romantic writings.A. fireB. waterC. treesD. wilderness27. The Transcendentalists believe that, first, nature is ennobling, and second, the individual is ______ and, therefore, self-reliant.A. insignificantB. vicious by natureC. divineD. forward-looking28. ______ is one of the most ambivalent writers in the American literary history.A. Nathaniel HawthorneB. Walt WhitmanC. Ralph Waldo EmersonD. Mark Twain29. Hawthorne"s view of man and human history originates, to a great extent, in ______.A. TranscendentalismB. PuritanismC. HumanismD. Expressionism30. With a strong sense of mission, Walt Whitman devoted all his life to the creation of the "single" poem, ______.A. ChicagoB. My Lost YouthC. leaves of GrassD. A Pact31. In ______, Whitman" s own early experience may well be identified with the childhood of a young, growing America.A. Song of MyselfB. A PactC. There Was a Child Went ForthD. Cavalry Crossing a Ford32. With Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the literary scene, ______ became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.A. sentimentalismB. romanticismC. realismD. naturalism33. ______ is considered by H. L. Mencken as "the true father of our national literature."A. Henry FieldingB. Mark TwainC. George Bernard ShawD. Walt Whitman34. In 1915, ______ became a naturalized British citizen, largely in protest against America"s failure to join England in the First World War.A. S. EliotB. Henry JamesC. D. Howells D. George Eliot35. Daisy Miller is one of Henry James"s early works that dealt with ______.A. local colorismB. patriotismC. the international themeD. psychological analysis36. Emily Dickinson was sometimes curious about the feeling of speech of death and in one of her poems she wrote about the ______ of death, the title of the poem is "I heard a Fly buzz—when I died—."A. momentB. sufferingC. happinessD. meaning37. The Jazz Age of the 1920s characterized by frivolity and carelessness is brought vividly to life inA. The Sun Also RisesB. Tales of the Jazz AgeC. The Grapes of WrathD. The Great Gatsby38. Fitzgerald never spared an intimate touch in his fiction to deal with ______ of the American Dream.A. the successB. the bankruptcyC. the fulfillmentD. the forming39. In 1954, ______ was awarded the Nobel Prize for "his powerful style-forming mastery of the art" of creating modern fiction.A. Ernest HemingwayB. Sherwood AndersonC. Stephen CraneD. Henry James40. Most of ______"s works are set in the American South, with his emphasis on the Southern subjects and consciousness.A. FaulknerB. FitzgeraldC. HemingwayD. FrostⅡ.Reading ComprehensionRead the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.A little black thing among the snowCrying ""weep!" weep!" in notes of woe!"Where are thy father & mother? say?""They are both gone up to the church to pray."Questions:1. A. Identify the poem and poet.2. B. Explain "notes of woe."3. C. Interpret the sentence "They are both gone up to the church to pray."And when I am formulated, sprawling on a pin,When I am pinned and wriggling on the wall,Then how should I beginTo spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways?And how should I presume?Questions:4. A. Identify the poet and the poem.5. B. What does the phrase "butt-ends" mean?6. C. What idea does the quoted passage express?We passedthe School, where Children stroveAt Recess—in the Ring—We passedthe Fields of Gazing Grain—We passedthe Setting Sun—Questions:7. A. Who is the author of this stanza taken from the poem "Because I could not stop for Death—"?8. B. What do the underlined parts symbolize?9. C. Where were "We" heading toward?"Is dying hard, Daddy?""No, I think it"s pretty easy, Nick. It all depends."Questions:10. A. Identify the author and the work.11. B. What was Nick preoccupied with when he asked the question?12. C. Why did the father add "It all depends" after he answered his son"s question?Ⅲ.Questions and AnswersGive a brief answer to each of the following questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.1. What"s the theme of Jane Eyre?2. How did Walt Whitman make use of the poetic "I" in his works?3. What are the characteristics of English romantic literature? Please discuss the above question in relation to one or two examples.4. Robinson Crusoe is universally considered as Daniel Defoe"s masterpiece. Discuss why it became so successful when it was published.Ⅳ.Topic DiscussionWrite no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.1. Please give a short introduction to the major characteristics of D. H. Lawrence"s literary creation in novel writing.2. How is Romanticism different from Neoclassicism? Provide brief evidence from the literary works you know best.。
英美文学选择题-附答案版
1. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare's Sonnet 18?A. The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B .The speaker satirizes human vanity.C. .The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D. The speaker meditates on man's salvation.2. used narrative verse or prose to sing knightly adventures or other heroic deeds.A. SonnetB. RomanceC. NovelD. Drama3.The hero of romance was usually the , who set out a journey to accomplish some missions---to protect the church, to attack infidelity, to rescue a maiden，to meet a challenge, or to obey a knightly command.A. soldierB. poetC. knight（骑士）D. singer4. marked the beginning of Romanticism in English poetry.A. Wuthering HeightsB. A Red, Red RoseC. Lyrical Ballads （抒情歌谣集）D. Ode to the West Wind5. “So long as man can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.’’This quotation is a .A. quatrainB. balladC. trimeterD. couplet（相连并押韵的两行诗，对句）6. “If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?” is an epigrammatic line from .A. She Walks in BeautyB. Ode to the West Wind（西风颂）C. The Solitary ReaperD. On the Seas and Far Away7. is the national epic of the Anglo-Saxon and English people.A. HamletB. BeowulfC. UtopiaD. Lyrical Ballads8. Which of the following is not included in the most famous four tragedies of William Shakespeare?A. HamletB. OthelloC. The Merchant of VeniceD. King Lear9. is the forerunner of English realistic novel, also the writer of the famous novel“Robinson Crusoe”.A. Henry FieldingB. Samuel RichardsonC. Daniel Defoe（笛福）D. Jonathan Swift10. Which of the following was not written by Ralph Waldo Emerson?A. The American Scholar（论美国学者）B. NatureC. Self-RelianceD. Walden（瓦尔登湖）11. He was called “ father of American Literature” and his stories “ Rip Van Winkle”and “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”（睡谷的传说）are widely read even today.Who is he?A. Washington Irving（欧文）B. Sherwood AndersonC. Mark TwainD. Ernest Hemingway12. Generally speaking, which literary school was Mark Twain grouped into?A.romanticismB.realismC.naturalismD. post-modernism13. The major trend in American literature in the first half of the 19th century is .A. romanticismB. realismC. sentimentalismD. naturalism14. Who is usually acknowledged as the originator of detective fiction?A. Washington IrvingB. William Dean HowellsC. Mark TwainD. Edgar Allan Poe（埃德加·爱伦·坡）15. Which of the following is NOT true about Robert Burns?A. He wrote in Scottish dialect.B. He was a peasant poet.C. His language is plain.D. A Red Red Rose, Auld Lang Syne and The Song of Innencenc are his poems.16. In his poems, Walt Whitman is innovative（创新的）in the terms of the form of his poetry, which is called “.”A. free verse(自由诗体)B. blank verseC. alliterationD. end rhyming17.The five“I”s in Romanticism is: Imagination, Intuition, Idealism, .A. integrality and InspirationB. Inspiration and IndividualityC. Individuality and integralityD. integrality and Industry18.I Died for Beauty was written by ?A. Walt WhitmanB. Emily Dickinson（艾米丽狄金森）C. Robert FrostD. Stephen Crane19. Which literary school was Charles Dickens generally grouped into?A. The English Critical Realism of the Nineteenth CenturyB. The English Realistic School of the Eighteenth CenturyC. The English Romanticism of the Nineteenth CenturyD. The English Modernism of the Twentieth Century20. Which of the following was not written by Thomas Hardy?A. Tess of D’UrbervilleB. Far from the Madding CrowdC. Jude the ObscureD. The Forsyte Saga21. American literature is based on a myth, that is, the Biblical myth of .A. GenesisB. the Garden of EdenC. the Deliverance from SlaveryD. Song of Songs22. Among four of the following writers , who was the author of Invisible Man?A.Ralph Waldo EllisonB. Richard Wright(1908-1960ngston HughesD. Frederick Douglass23. is the national epic of the Anglo-Saxon and English people.A. HamletB. UtopiaC. BeowulfD. Lyrical Ballads24. Utopia was written by .A. Thomas MoreB. John MiltonC. John KeatsD. Ben Johnson25. “So long as man can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.’’This quotation is taken from “”.A. She Walks in BeautyB. Ode to the West WindC. The Solitary ReaperD. Sonnet 18 by William Shakespeare26. “If W inter comes, can Spring be far behind?” is an epigrammatic line from .A. She Walks in BeautyB. Ode to the West WindC. The Solitary ReaperD. On the Seas and Far Away27. The hero of romance was usually the , who set out a journey to accomplish some missions---to protect the church, to attack infidelity, to rescue a maiden，to meet a challenge, or to obey a knightly command.A. soldierB. poetC. knightD. singer28. Which of the following is a comedy by William Shakespeare?A. HamletB. OthelloC. The Merchant of VeniceD. King Lear29. is the forerunner of English realistic novel, also the writer of the famous novel“Robinson Crusoe”.A. Henry FieldingB. Samuel RichardsonC. Daniel DefoeD. Jonathan Swift30. Which of the following was written by Henry David Thoreau?A. The American ScholarB. NatureC. Self-RelianceD. Walden31. He was called “ father of American Literature” and his stories “ Rip Van Winkle”and “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” are widely read even today.Who is he?A. Sherwood AndersonB. Washington IrvingC. Mark TwainD. Ernest Hemingway32. Generally speaking, which literary school was Mark Twain grouped into?A.romanticismB.realismC.naturalismD. post-modernism33. The major trend in American literature in the last decade of the 19th century was .A. romanticismB. modernismC. sentimentalismD. naturalism34. Who is usually acknowledged as the originator of detective fiction?A. Washington IrvingB. William Dean HowellsC. Mark TwainD. Edgar Allan Poe35. Which of the following is NOT true about Robert Burns?A. He wrote in Scottish dialect.B. He was a peasant poet.C. A Red Red Rose, Auld Lang Syne and The Solitary Reaper are his poems.D. His language is plain.36. Who wrote the famous short story The Triumph of the Egg?A. Sherwood AndersonB. Washington IrvingC. Mark TwainD. Ernest Hemingway37.Who wrote Catch-22 (1961) ——the first book to treat the absurdist theme with absurdist technique？A. Sherwood AndersonB. Ernest HemingwayC. Joseph HellerD. Thomas Pynch38.I Died for Beauty was written by ?A. Henry David ThoreauB. Emily DichinsonC. Robert FrostD. Stephen Crane39. Which literary school was Charles Dickens generally grouped into?A. The English Critical Realism of the Nineteenth CenturyB. The English Realistic School of the Eighteenth CenturyC. The English Romanticism of the Nineteenth CenturyD. The English Modernism of the Twentieth Century40. Poor Richard’s Alm anac was a calendar, which includes a large amount of information about weather, astronomy, puzzles, mathematics, practical household, etc. It was written by .A. Washington IrvingB. Jonathan EdwardsC. Thomas JeffersonD. Benjamin Franklin41. “Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines.”The underlined phrase refers to .A. black holeB. the sunC. the moonD. the star42. was categorized into the group of dark romanticism. He believed that there was evil in every human heart, which might remain latent, perhaps, through the whole life; but circumstance might rouse it to activity.A. Ralph Waldo EmersonB. Hermen MelvilleC. Nathaniel HawthorneD. Edgar Allan Poe43. Renaissance originated in in the 14th century and later spread throughout Europe until the 17th century.A. ItalyB. GermanC. BritainD. Greece44. As a philosophical and literary movement, the main issues involved in the debate of Transcendentalism are generally concerning .A. nature, man and the universeB. the relationship between man and womanC. the development of Romanticism in American literatureD. the cold, rigid rationalism of Unitarianism45. Who was called “father of American Literature” ? His stories “ Rip Van Winkle” and “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” are widely read even today.A. Washington IrvingB. Sherwood AndersonC. Mark TwainD. Ernest Hemingway46. In the title Vanity Fair, “Fair” means.A. town B market C. place D. equality47. is the national epic of the Anglo-Saxon and English people.A. HamletB. BeowulfC. UtopiaD. Lyrical Ballads48. believes that the chief aim of literary creation is beau ty, and “the death of a beautiful woman is, unquestionably, the most poetical topic in the world.”A. Walt WhitmanB. Edgar Allen PoeC. Anne BradstreetD. Ralph Waldo Emerson49. Idealized figures most often appear in .A. Romantic poetryB. Renaissance dramaC. Enlightenment literatureD. Victorian novels50. employs the language of common man in literary writing.A. Thomas HardyB. Emily Bronte.C. William WordsworthD. John Milton51. Hester Prynne, Dimmesdale .Chillingworth and Pearl are most likely characters in .A. The House of the Seven GablesB. The Scarlet LetterC. T he Portrait of a LadyD. The Pioneers52. The Victorian Age witnessed the perfection of in the hands of Thackeray and Dickens.A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD. epic53. All the following issues EXCEPT were emphasized by the British Romantic writers.A. individual feelingsB. idea of survival of the fittestC. strong imaginationD. return to nature54. “Where thoughts serenely sweet express / How pure, how dear their dwelling-place”. The underlined part means .A. beautyB. wisdomC. brainD. heart55. All of the following poets are regarded as “Lake Poets” EXCEPT .A. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeB. Robert SoutheyC. William WordsworthD. William Blake56. Which of the following is NOT the virtue that Franklin enumerated in his The Autobiography?A. TemperanceB. Humanity (Humility)C. FrugalityD. Immoderation57. Renaissance was the humanistic revival of classical art, architecture, literature, and learning that originated in Italy in the 14th century and later spread throughout Europe until the 17th century. The underlined word means .A GreekB GermanC oldD Greek and Roman58. Didactic and satirical literature was dominant in the .A. RenaissanceB. Age of EnlightenmentC. Victorian Age D age of Romanticism59. “So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, / So long lives this, and this gives l ife to thee.”(Shakespeare, Sonnets 18) What does “this” refer to ?A. LoveB. PoetryC. SummerD. Time60. Which of the following was not written by Thomas Hardy?A. Tess of D’UrbervilleB. Far from the Madding CrowdC. Jude the ObscureD. The Forsyte Saga练习题：1. Shakespeare's complete works include .A. 37 plays, 4 tragedies and 154 sonnets.B .154 plays, 2 narrative poems and 37 sonnets.C. 37 plays, 2 narrative poems and 154 sonnets.D. 73 plays, 4 tragedies, and 154 sonnets.6. “All good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” is a declarative statement taken from .A. The Solitary ReaperB. Lyrical BalladsC. She Walks in BeautyD. On the Seas and Far Away10. Which of the following was written by Henry David Thoreau?A. The American ScholarB. NatureC. Self-RelianceD. Walden17. By the 7th century the small kingdoms on the British Island were combined called England, or the land of .A. BritonsB. AnglesC. SaxonsD. Jutes19. He was founder and great master of the historical novel in British literature, and whose death marks the ending of Romantic Period in Britain. Who was he?A. George Gordon ByronB. Thomas MoreC. John KeatsD. Walter Scott20. Which of the following was not written by Thomas Hardy?A. Tess of D’UrbervilleB. Far from the Madding CrowdC. Jude the ObscureD. The Forsyte Saga2. In 1798, together with , William Wordsworth published Lyrical Ballads,which marked the break with 18th century classicism and the beginning of romanticism in English poetry.A. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeB. Robert BurnsC. John KeatsD. William Blake7. David Copperfield(1850) is, to a certain extent, an autobiographical novel by .A. Henry FieldingB. Charles DickensC. Daniel DefoeD. Jonathan Swift8. Which of the following plays is a comedy composed by William Shakespeare?A. HamletB. OthelloC. The Merchant of VeniceD. King Lear12. Generally speaking, which literary school was John Keats grouped into?A. romanticismB. realismC. naturalismD. post-modernism20. Poor Richard’s Almanac was a calendar, which includes a large amount of information about weather, astronomy, puzzles, mathematics, practical household, etc. It was written by .A. Washington IrvingB. Jonathan EdwardsC. Thomas JeffersonD. Benjamin Franklin1. The early inhabitants on the island we now called England were , a tribe of Celts. From the Britons the island got its name of Britain, the land of Britons.A. BritonsB. AnglesC. SaxonsD. Jutes2. Paradise Lost (1667) was written by .A. Thomas MoreB. John MiltonC. John KeatsD. Ben Johnson3. , founder of modern science, his New Instrument (1602) tells some of the secrets of the inductive method of reasoning, and Of Studies is one of his most famous essays.A. Thomas MoreB. John MiltonC. Francis BaconD. Ben Johnson10. believes that the chief aim of literary creation is be auty, and “the death of a beautiful woman is, unquestionably, the most poetical topic in the world.”A. Walt WhitmanB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Anne BradstreetD. Edgar Allen Poe11. Idealized figures most often appear in .A. Romantic poetryB. Renaissance dramaC. Enlightenment literatureD. Victorian novels12. It is publicly believed that employs the language of common man in his literary writing.A. Thomas HardyB. Ben JohnsonC. William WordsworthD. John Milton14. Vanity Fair is Thackeray’s masterpiece. The book takes its title from that fair described in .A. John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s ProgressB. Thomas More’s UtopiaC. John Milton’s Paradise LostD. William Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice16. Which of the following is NOT included in the virtues that Franklin enumerated in his The Autobiography?A. TemperanceB. HumilityC. FrugalityD. Immoderation19. “So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, / So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”(Shakespeare, Sonnets 18) What does “this” refer to ?A. LoveB. PoetryC. SummerD. Time20. A Red, Red Rose was written in “”, i.e., in each stanza the odd-numbered lines are iambic tetrameters.A. dramaB. English sonnetC. ballad metreD. monologue。
2023年自考专业(英语)《英美文学选读》考试历年真题摘选附带答案
2023年自考专业(英语)《英美文学选读》考试历年真题摘选附带答案第1卷一.全考点综合测验(共20题)1.【单选题】The childhood of Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn in the Mississippi is a record of a vanished way of life in the( )Mississippi valleyA.pre - War of IndependenceB.post - War of IndependenceC.pre - Civil WarD.post - Civil War2.【单选题】( )is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th —century “stream— of —consciousness ” novels and the founder of psychological realism.A.Theodore DreiserB.William FaulknerC.Henry JamesD.Mark Twain3.【单选题】William Faulkner set most of his works in the American( ),with his emphasis on the( )subjects and consciousness.A.North...NorthernB.East...EasternC.West...WesternD.South...Southern4.【单选题】Among the following writers( )is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th - century “stream - of - consciousness ” novels and the founder of psychological realism.A. T. S. EliotB.James JoyceC.William FaulknerD.Henry James5.【单选题】In 1950,one of the leading American writers( )was awarded the Nobel Prize for the anti-racist Intruder in the Dust.A.Robert FrostB.Theodore DreiserC.William FaulknerD.Fitzgerald6.【单选题】The attitude towards life that( )had been trying to demonstrate in his works is known as “grace under pressure ”.A.William FaulknerB.Theodore DreiserC.Ernest HemingwayD.F·Scott Fitzgerald7.【单选题】The Portrait of A Lady is generally considered to be( )masterpiece,which describes the life journey of an American( )in a European cultural environment.A.Henry Adams’…widowB.William James ’…girlC.Henry James’…girlD.Theodore Dreiser ’s…widow8.【单选题】“My last Duchess ” is a poem that best exemplifies Robert Browning ’s( ).A.sensitive ear for the sounds of the English languageB.excellent choice of wordsC.mastering of the metrical devicese of the dramatic monologue9.【单选题】Most literary critics think that Fitzgerald is both an insider and an outsider of( )with a double vision.A.the Jazz AgeB.the Age of Reason and RevolutionC.the Babybooming AgeD.the Post- Modern Age10.【单选题】Robert Frost is generally considered a regional poet whose subject matters mainly focus on the landscape and people in( ).A.the westB.the southC.AlaskaD.New England11.【单选题】Ezra Pound,a leading spokesman of the “( ) ”,was one of the most important poets in his time.A.Imagist MovementB.Cubist MovementC.Reformist MovementD.Transcendentalist Movement12.【单选题】What he had done is _______A.valueB.of valuableC.of no valueD.of no valuable13.【单选题】That is the house _______ you can enjoy the scenery.A. in thatB.thatC.whichD.from which14.【单选题】In the original test，all the animals in a test group are given a substance _______ half of them dieA.unlessB.untilC.lestD.provided15.【单选题】“The dignity of movement of an iceberg is due to only one- eighth of it being above water. ” This “iceberg ” analogy is put forward by( ).A.Mark TwainB.Ezra PoundC.William FaulknerD.Ernest Hemingway16.【单选题】The Financier,The Titan and The Stoic by Theodore Dreiser are called his “Trilogy of( ). ”A.HatredB.DeathC.DesireD.Fate17.【单选题】“The dignity of movement of an iceberg is due to only one -eighth of it being abov e water. ” This “iceberg ” analogy about prose style was put forward by( ).A.William FaulknerB.Henry JamesC.Ernest HemingwayD.F· Scott Fitzgerald18.【单选题】William Faulkner once said that( )is a story of “lost innocence, ” which proves itself to be an intensification of the theme of imprisonment in the past.A.The Great GatsbyB.The Sound and the FuryC.Absalom,Absalom!D.Go Down,Moses19.【单选题】The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and,especially,its sequence( )proved themselves to be the milestone in the American literature.A.The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnB.Life on the MississippiC.The Gilded AgeD.Roughing It20.【单选题】The teacher told us the fact _______.A.which the earth moves around the sunB.that the earth moved around the sunC.that the sun moves around the earthD.that the earth moves around the sun第2卷一.全考点综合测验(共20题)1.【单选题】The( )Age of the 1920s characterized by frivolity and carelessness is brought vividly to life in The Great Gatsby.A.LostB.JazzC.ReasonD.Gilded2.【单选题】Some persons gain goal and direction from their tensions;others________ under pressure.A.fall outB.fall apartC.fall back onD.fall in with3.【单选题】Greatly and permanently affected by the( )experiences,Hemingway formed his own writing style,together with his theme and hero.A.miningB.farmingC.warD.sailing4.【单选题】Opposition leaders will be watching carefully to see how the Prime Minister ________ the crisis.A.handlesB.conductsC.observesD.directs5.【单选题】In Go Down,Moses,( )illuminates the problem of black and white in Southern society as a closeknit destiny of blood brotherhood.A.William FaulknerB.Jack LondonC.Herman MelvilleD.Nathaniel Hawthorne6.【单选题】In most of his writings,( )deliberately broke up the chronology of his narrative by juxtaposing the past with the present,in the way the montage does in a movie.A.Walt WhitmanB.William FaulknerC.Ernest HemingwayD. Fitzgerald7.【单选题】The effect of Darwinist idea of “survival of the fittest ” was shattering in() ’s fictional world of jungle,where “kill or to be killed ” was the law.A.Mark TwainB.Henry JamesC.Theodore DreiserD.Walt Whitman8.【单选题】In 1950,( )was awarded the Nobel Prize for the anti-racist Intruder in the Dust.A.William FaulknerB.Robert FrostC.Ezra PoundD.Ernest Hemingway9.【单选题】Eugene O’Neill ’s first full — length play,( ),won him the first Pulitzer theme is the choice between life and death,the interaction of subjective and objective factors.A.Bound East for CardiffB.The Hairy ApeC.Desire Under the ElmsD.Beyond the Horizon10.【单选题】Now many major employers are beginning to demand _______ the completion of schoolA.more thanB.rather thanC.other thanD.better than11.【单选题】It was his masterpiece The Great Gatsby that made( )one of the greatest American novelists.A. FitzgeraldB.William FaulknerC.Ernest HemmingwayD.Gertrude Steinbeck12.【单选题】Man is a “victim of forces over which he has no control. ” This is a notion held strongly by( ).A.Robert FrostB.Theodore DreiserC.Henry JamesD.Hamlin Garland13.【单选题】Mark Twain’s particular concern about the local character of a region came about as “local colorism, ” a unique va riation of American literary( ).A.romanticismB.nationalismC.modernismD.realism14.【单选题】Nobody but you _______ what he said.A. agrees withB.agrees outC.agree withD.agree to15.【单选题】In 1920,( )published his first novel This Side of Paradise which was,to some extent,his own story.A.F·Scott FitzgeraldB.Ernest HemingwayC.William FaulknerD.Emily Dickinson16.【单选题】considered( ) “the true father of our national literature ”.A.Bret HarteB.Mark TwainC.Washington IrvingD.Walt Whitman17.【单选题】At the age of eighty -seven,( )read his poetry at the inauguration of President John in 1961.A.Robert FrostB.Walt WhitmanC.Ezra Pound18.【单选题】Unlike his contemporaries in the early 20th century,( )did not break up with the poetic tradition nor made any experiment on form.A.Walt WhitmanB.Robert FrostC.Ezra Pound19.【单选题】Which of the following statements is NOT true of Emily Dickinson and her poetry?A.She remained unmarried all her lifeB.She wrote,1,775 poems,and most of them were published during her life time.C.Her poems have no titles,hence are always quoted by their first lines.D.Her limited private world has never confined the limitless power of her creativity and imagination.20.【单选题】Mark Twain employed an unpretentious style of( )in his novels which is best described as “vernacular ”.A.standard EnglishB.Afro-American EnglishC.colloquialismD.urbanism第1卷参考答案一.全考点综合测验1.正确答案：C本题解析：马克吐温是以为地方主义作家，他的作品主题是密西西比河流域和美国的西部。
《英美概况》试题(附答案)
《英美概况》I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:1. The highest mountain in Britain is ____.A. ScafellB. Ben NevisC. the CotswoldsD. the Forth2. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. the ClydeB. the MerseyC. the SevernD. the Thames3. The largest lake in Britain is _____.A. the Lough NeageB. Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD. the Lake District4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northem Ireland5. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from _____.A. EuropeB. the United StatesC. AfricaD. the West Indies,6. The first inhabitants in Britain were _____.A. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons7. British Recorded history began with _____.A.Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestB. C. the Viking and Danish invasion D. the Anglo-Saxons invasion8. In 829, _____ actually became the overlord of all the English.A. JohnB. James IC. EgbertD. Henry I9. Christmas Day ____, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 106010. Henry II was the first king of the _____ dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet11. In 1265 ____ summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.A. Henry IIIB. the PopeC. BaronsD. Simon de Montfort12. The Hundred Years’ war sta rted in ____ and ended in ____, in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of ____.A. 1337, 1453, FlandersB. 1337, 1453, CalaisC. 1346, 1453, ArgencourtD. 1346, 1453, Brest13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ years and king _____ was replaced by king _____.A.30, Richard III, Henry TudorB. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorB. C. 30, Richard I, Henry Tudor D. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor14. The Renaissance began in ____ in the early ____ century.A. England, 14B. England, 15C. Italy, 14D. Italy, 1515. The English Civil War is also called _____.A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in theNorth America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of _____ in 1583.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Newfoundland19. _____ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A. Edward VIIIB. Edward VIIC. George VID. George VII20. In January _____ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A. 1957B. 1967C. 1973D. 197921. soon after _____, Britain not only gave up its econmic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership.A. 1900B. the First World WarC. the Second World WarD. 196022. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest _____ rate and the highest _____ rate.A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth23. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except _____.A.the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionB. C. little money being invested D. the labour shortage24. Britain’s foreign trade is mainly with _____.A. developing countriesB. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countriesD. EC25. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister26. A General Election is held every _____ years and there are _____ members of Parliaments are elected.A. five, 600B. five, 650C. five, 651D. four, 65127. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she always sits in _____.A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords28. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _____.A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons29. The sources of British law include _____.A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB. statutes, common law and equity lawC. statutes, common law and European Community lawD. a complete code and statutes30. In criminal trials by jury, _____ passes sentenced and _____ decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A. the judge, the juryB. the judge, the judgeC. the jury, the juryD. the Lord Chancellor, the jury31. ____ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.A. Magistrates’ courtsB. Youth courtsC. district courtsD. The Crown Court32. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is under the control of _____.A. the England secretariesB. the Scottish SecretariesC. Northern Ireland SecretariesD. the Home Secretary33. The National Health Service was established in the UK in _____ and based at first on _____.A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of RightsD. 1958, the Bill of Rights34. The non-contributory social security benefits include the following except _____.A. war pensionB. child benefitC. family creditD. unemployment benefit35. Except that _____ may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinction to members of all churchs or of none.A. the lord ChancellorB. the Prime MinisterC. the SpeakerD. the ministers of all departments36. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend _____.A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. independent schoolsD. primary schools37. There are some ____ universities, including the Open University.A. 900B. 290C. 90D. 5038. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive parly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all39. With regard to its size, the USA is the _____ country in the world.A. largestB. second largestC. third largestD. fourth largest40. In the following rivers, _____ has been called the American Ruhr.A. the MississippiB. the MissouriC. the HudsonD. the Ohio41. Among the following rivers, _____ forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the U.S.A. the PotomacB. the ColumbiaC. the Rio Grande RiverD. the Colorado42. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except _____.A. YaleB. HarvardC. OxfordD. Massachusetts Institute of Technology43. The nation’s capital city Washington D.C. and New York are located in _____.A. the American WestB. the Great PlainsC. the MidwestD. the Middle Atlantic States44. The Midwest in America’s most important _____ area.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining in dustry45. In the case of Brown versus Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that _____.A. separate educational facilities had been illegalB. educational facilities had been separate but equalC. educational facilities had been equalD. separate educational facilities were inherently unequal46. The Chinese Exclusion Act was passed in _____.A. 1882B. 1883C. 1900D. 192447. The first immigrants in American history came from ____ and ____.A. Ireland/FranceB. England/ChinaC. Scotland/EnglandD. England/Netherland48. Uncle To m’s Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description of the miserable lifeof the _____.A. early settlersB. PuritansC. native IndiansD. black slaves49. According to American historians and specialists in demography, there are _____ great population movement in the history of the United States.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five50. Many early Chinese immigrants worked in the mining industry, especially in the _____.A. gold minesB. silver minesC. coal minesD. copper mines51. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by _____.A. James MadisonB. Thomes JeffersonC. Alexander HamiltonD. George Washington52. On July 4, 1776, _____ adopted the Declaration of Independerce.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Third Continental CongressD. the Constitutional Convention53. The victory of _____ was the turning point of the War of Independence.A. SaratogaB. GettysburgC. TrentonD. Yorktown54. Ten amendments introduced by James Madison in 1789 were added to the Constitution. Theyare knows as _____.A. the Articles of ConfederationB. the Bill of RightC. the Civil RightsD. Federalist Papers55. President Jefferson bought _____ from France and doubled the country’s territory.A. New MexicoB. the Louisiana TerritoryC. KansasD. Ohio56. The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher _____.A. Paul RevereB. John LockeC. CornwallisD. Frederick Douglass57. During the WWII, the Axis powers were mainly made up by __.A. Germany, France and JapanB. France, Japan and BritainC. Germany, Italy and BritainD. German, Italy and Japan58. The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding government regulation of the _____ and_____ conditions.A. economy/politicalB. social/politicalC. economy/socialD. political/cultural59. As a result of WWI, _____ was not one of the defeated nations.A. GermanyB. Austro-HungaryC. OttomanD. Russia60. The aim of President Roosevelt’s New Deal was to “save American _____.” A. economyB. politicsC. societyD. democracy答案I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices.1. B2. C3. A4. D5. D6. C7. A8. C9. B 10. D 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. B 17. A 18.D 19. A 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. D 35.A 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. D 41.C 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. A 47. D 48. D 49. C 50. A 51.B 52.B 53. A 54. B 55. B 56. B 57. D 58.C 59.D 60. D 61. C 62. B 63. D 64. C 65. D 66. D 67. B 68. C 69.C 70.D 71. B 72. B 73. B 74. D 75. DII. Fill in the blanks:1. Ceographically speaking, the north and west of Britain are _______, while the east and south-eastare mostly______.2. Welsh is located in the ______ of Great Britain.3. The ancestors of the English ______, while the Scots, Welsh and Irish the ______.4. In the mid-5th century, three Teuronic tribes ______, _____, and _____ invaded Britain. Among them,the _____ gave their name to English people.5. The battle of _______ witnessed the death of Harold in October, 1066.6. Under William, the ______ system in England was completely established.7. The property record in William’s time is known as ______, which was compiled in _____.8. _____’s grave became a place of pilgrimage in and beyond chaucer’s time after he was murdered.9. ______ was the deadly bubonic plague, which reduced England’s population from four million to______ million by the end of the 14th century.10. One of the consequences of the Uprising of 1381 was the emergence of a new class of ______farmers.11. James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in ______.12. During the Civil War, the Cavaliers supported ________, while the Roundheads supported_______.13. After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a ______, later, he became _________.14. In 1707, the Act of _______ united England and ______.15. The two parties originated with the Glorious Revolution were _____ and _______. The former werethe forerunners of the ______ Party, the latter were of the ______ party.16. In 1765, the Scottish inventor _____ produced a very efficient _____ that could be applied to textileand other machinery.f the world.17. After the Industrial Revolution, Britain became the “______” o18. During the Second World War ________ led Britain to final victory in 1945.19. In 1974 and 1977, the two ______ shock caused inflation to rise dramatically.20. Natural gas was discovered in 1965 and oil in 1970 under _______.21. _______ has Europe’s largest collection of foreign owned chip factories.22. New industries in Britain include______, ______ and other high-tech industries.23. The party which wins the second largest number of seats becomes the official ______, with its ownleader and “______ cabinet”.24. The Prime Minister is appointed by ______, and his/her official residence is _____.25. There are two tiers of local government throughout England and Wales: _____ and ______.26. The criminal law in Britain presumes the _____ of the accused until he has been proved guiltybeyond reasonable doubt.27. The jury usually consists of _______ persons in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and _____persons in Scotland.28. The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the UK is _______.29. In Britain the welfare state applies mainly to _____, national insurance and ______.30. The two established churches in Britain are ____ and _____.31. Education in the UK is compulsory for all between the ages of (______ in Northen Ireland) and_____.32. In the past children in Britain were allocated to different secondary schools on the basis of selection tests known as _______, which was replaced by ______.33. Education after 16 in the UK is divided into _____ and ______.34. The most-known universities in Britain are _____ and _____ which date from the _____ and _____centuries.35. In ____, Alaska and Havaii became the 49th and 50th states.36. In the Great Lakes, only _____ belongs to U.S. completely while the other four are shared withGanada.37. _______ is separated from the main land by Canada.38. The Rockies, the backbone of the North American Continent, is also known as _____.39. _____ is the largest continental state in area in the U.S.40. The West can be divided into three parts: the Great Plains, the Rocky Mountains and _____.41. The South is the headquarters of a large segment of the ______ and ________ industry.42. New England is sometimes called the ______ of America.43. _______ is considered to be one of the characteristics of the American people since one in fivemoves to a new home every year.44. The first blacks were brought to north America as slaves in _____.45. The largest group of Asian-Americans are the ______.II. Fill in the blanks:1. highlands, lowlands2. west3. Anglo-Saxons, Celts4. Jutes, Saxons, Angles, Angles5. Hastings6. feudal7. Domesday Book, 10868. Thomas Becket9. Black Death, two 10. yeomen 11. the Divine Right of Kings 12. the king, the Parliament 13. Commonwealth, L ord Protector 14. Union, Scotland 15. Whigs Tories Liberal Conservative 16. James Watt steam engine 17. workship 18. Winston Churchill19. oil 20. the North Sea 21. Scotland 22. microprocessors and computer, biotechnology23. Opposition, shadow 24. the Queen, No. 10 Downing 25. country councils, districtcouncils 26. innocence 27. 12, 15 28. the House of Lords 29. the National Health Service,social security 30. the Church of England, the Church of Scotland 31. 5, 4, 16 32.eleven-plus, comprehensive schools 33. further education, high education34. Oxford, Cambridge, 12th, 13th 35. 1959 36. Lake Michigan 37. Alaska 38. the ContinentalDivide 39. Texas 40. the Intermountain Basin and Plateau 41. rocket/missile 42. birthplace43. Mobility 44. 1619 45. Chinese-AmericansIII. Explain the following terms.1. the Hardian’s Wall: I t was one of the two great walls built by the Romans to keep the Picts out ofthe area they had conquered.2. Alfred the Great Alfred was a strong king of the wisemen. It was created by the Anglo-Saxons toadvise the king. It’s the basis of the Privy Council which still exists today.3. William the Conqueror William was Duke of Normandy. He landed his army in Oct, 1066 anddefeated king Harold. Then he was crowned king of England on Christams Day the same year. Heestablished a strong Norman government and the feudal system in England.4. the battle of Hastings In 1066, King Edward died with no heir, the Witan chose Harold as king.William, Duke of Normandy, invaded England. On October 14, the two armies met near Hasting.After a day’s battle, Harold was killed and his army completely defeated. So this battle was very important on the way of the Roman conquest.5. Domesday Book Under William, the feudal system was established. William sent officials tocompile a property record known as Domesday Book, which completed in 1086. It was the result of ageneral survey of England made in 1085. It stated the extent, value, the population, state of cultivation, and ownership of the land. It seemed to the English like the Book of doom on JudgementDay.6. the Great Charter King John’s reign caused much discontent among the barons. In 1215, he wasforced to sign a document, known as Mangna Cara, or the Great Charter. It has 63 clauses. Thoughit has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberities, its spirit was the limitation of theking’s powers, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.7. the Hundred Years’ War It referred to the intermittent war between France and England that lastfrom 1337 to 1453. The causes were partly territorial and partly economic. When Edward III claimedthe French Crown but the French refused to recognize, the war broke out. At first the English weresuccessful, but in the end, they were defeated and lost almost all their possessions in France. Theexpelling of the English was a blessing for both countries.War. She8. Joan of Arc She was a national heroine of France during the Hundred Years’ successfully led the French to drive the English out of France.9. the Black Death It was the deadly bubonic plague who spread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through England without warning and any cure, and sparing no victims. It killedbetween half and one-third of the population of England. Thus, much land was left untended andlabour was short. It caused far-reaching economic consequences.10. the Wars of Roses They referred to the battles between the House of Lancaster and the House ofYork between 1455 and 1485. The former was symbolized by the red rose, and the latter by the whiteone. After the wars, feudalism received its death blow and the king’s power became supreme. Thdor monarchs ruled England and Wales for over two hundred years.daughter and a devout Catholic. When she became Queen, she11. Bloody Mary Henry VIII’ｓpersecuted and burnt many Protestants. So she was given the nickname “Bloody Mary”. Mary is als remembered as the monarch who lost the French port of Calais.12. Elizabeth I One of the greatest monarchs in British history. She reigned England, Wales andIreland for 45 years and remained single. Her reign was a time of confident English nationalism andof great achievements in literature and other arts, in exploration and in battle.13. Oliver Cromwell The leader during the Civil War who led the New Model Army to defeat the kingand condemned him to death. Then he declared England a Commonwealth and made himself Lord ofProtector. He ruled England till the restoration of charles II in 1660.14. the Bill of Rights In 1689, William and Mary accepted the Bill of Rights to be crowned jointly.The bill excluded any Roman Catholic from the succession, confirmed the principle of parliamentarysupremacy and guaranteed free speech within both the two Houses. Thus the age of constitutionalmonarchy began.15. Whigs and Tories It referred to the two party names which originated with the Glorious Revolution of 1688. The Whigs were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the rightto religious freedom for Noncomformists. The Tories were those who supported hereditary monarchyand were reluctant to remove kings. The Whigs formed a coalition with dissident Tories and becamethe Liberal Party. The Tories were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.16. James Watt The Scottish inventor who produced an efficient steam engine with rotary motionthat could be applied to textile and other machinery.17. Winston Churchill Prime Minister of Britain during the Second World War. He took over Chamberlain in 1940 and received massive popular support. He led his country to final victory in1945. He was defeated in the general election of 1945, but returned to power in 1951.ed like an18. Agribusiness It refers to the new farming in Britain, because it’s equipped and managindustrial business with a set of inputs into the farm of processes which occur on the farm, andoutputs or products which leave the farm. The emphasis is upon intensive farming, designes to givethe maximum output of crops and animals.19. the British Constitution There is no written constitution in the United Kingdom. The BritishConstitution is not set out in any single document, but made up of statute law, common law andconventions. The Judiciary determines common law and interpret statues.20. Queen Elizabeth II The present Sovereign, born in 1926, came to the throne in 1952 and wascrowned in 1953. The Queen is the symbol of the whole nation, the center of many national ceremonies and the leader of society.21. the Opposition In the General Election, the party which wins the second largest number of seatsbecomes the offcial Opposition, with its own leader and “shadow cabinet”. The aims of the Oppositio are to contribute to the formulation of policy and legislation, to oppose government proposals, toseek amendments to government bills, and to put forward its own policies in order to win the nextgeneral election.22. the Privy Council Formerly the chief source of executive power. It gave the Sovereign privateadvice on the gov ernment of the country. Today its role is mainly formal, advising the (“privy”)Sovereign to approve certain government decrees and issuing royal proclamation. Its membership isabout 400.23. common law A written law gathered from numerous decisions of the courts and other sources.24. the jury A legal system established in England since king Henry II. The jury consists of ordinary,independent citizens summoned by the court: 12 persons in England, Wales and Northern Ireland,and 15 persons in Scotland. In criminal trials by jury, the judge passes sentence but the jury decidethe issue of guilt or innocence.25. the NHS The National Health Service was established in the UK in 1948 and based first on Actsof Parliament. This Service provides for every resident a full range of medical services. It is basedupon the principle that there should be full range of publicly provided services designed to help theindividual stay healthy. It is now a largely free service.26. comprehensive schools State secondary schools which take pupils without reference to abilityand provide a wide-ranging secondary education for all or most of the children in a district. About 90per cent of the state secondary school population in GB attend comprehensive school.27. public schools Fee-paying secondary schools which are longestablished and have gained a reputation for their high academic standards, as well as their exclusiveness and snobbery. The boysfamous schools public schools include such well-known schools as Eton and Harrow, and girls’ include Roedean. Most of the members of the British Establishment were educated at a public school.28. the Great Lakes The Great Lakes are the most important lakes in the United States. They areLake Superior, which is the largest fresh water lake in the world, Lake Michigan —— the only one entirely in the U.S. ——Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. They are all located between Canada and the United States except Lake Michigan.29. New England New England is made up of six states of the North-East. They are Maine, NewHampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. It is sometimes called the birthplace of America.30. baby boom “baby boom” refers to the great increase of birth rate between 1946 and 1964. Peopleborn in this period are called baby bammers.31. the Chinese Exclusion Act It was passed by the U.S. Congress in may, 1882. It stopped Chinese immigration for ten years.32. the Bill of Rights In 1789, James Madison introduced in the House of Representations a seriesof amendments which later were drafted into twelve proposed amendments and sent to the states forratification. Ten of them were ratified in 1791 and became the first ten amendments to the Constitution —— the Bill of Rights.33. the Emancipation Proclamation During the Civil war, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation to get more support for the Union at home and abroad. It granted freedom to all slaves.34. the Constitutional Convention In 1787, a conference was held in Philadelphia to consider whatshould be done to make the Articles of Confederation adequate. All the delegates agreed to revise theArticles of Confederation and draw up a new plan of government. After struggle, the Constitution wasratified at last. This conference is called the Constitutional Convertion.35. the Progressive Movement The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding governmentregulation of the economy and social conditions. It spread quickly with the support of large numbersof people across the country. It was not an organized campaign with clearly defined goals.36. the Peace Conference The Peace Conference or the Paris Conference, began on January 18,1919. The conference was actually a conference of division of colonies of Germany, Austro-Hungaryand the Ottoman Empire and the grabbing of as much as possible from the defeated nations. It wasdominated by the Big Four (the United States, Britain. France, and Italy)37. the Truman Doctrine: On March 12, 1949, President Truman put forward the Truman Doctrinein a speech to the joint session of Congress. The Truman Doctrine meant to say that the U.S. government would support any country which said it was fighting against Communism.38. the Marshall Plan On June 5, 1947, the Secretary of State George Marshall announced theMarshall Plan, which meant that in order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion,the United States decided to offer Western European countries economic aid.39. the New Frontier It was the President Kennedy’s program which promised civil rights for blacks, federal aid to farmers and to education, medical care for all and the abolition of poverty.40. checks and balances:The government is divided into three branches, the legislative, the executive and the judicial, eachhas part of the powers but not all the power. And each branch of government can check, or block, theactions of the other branches. The three branches are thus in balance. This called “checks and balances”．IV. Answer briefly the following questions.1. What do you know about the Roman invasion of Britain? —— In 55 BC and 54 BC, Julius Caesar, a Roman general, invaded Britain twice. In AD 43, the Emperor Claudius invaded Britainsuccessfully. For nearly 400 years Britain was under the Roman occupation, though it was never atotal occupation. British recorded history begins with the Roman invasion.2. Why did the William the Conqueror invade England after Edward’s death?—— It was said that king Edward had promised the English throne to William but the Witan chose Harold as king. SoWilliam led his army to invade England. In October 1066, during the important battle of Hastings,William defeated Harold and killed him. On Christmas Day, William was crowned king of England,thus beginning the Norman Conquest of England.3. What were the consequences of the Norman Conquest?——The Norman Conquest of 1066 isone of the best known events in English history. It brought about many consequences. William confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rulewith a strong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely established in England.Relations with the Continent were opened, and civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture, language, manners, and architecture were been introduced. The churchwas brought into closer connection with Rome, and the church courts were separated from the civilcourts.4. What were the contents and the significance of the Great Charter?—— The Great Charter, orthe Magna Carta, was document signed in 1215 between the barons and king John. It had altogether63 clauses, of which the most important contents were these: (1) no tax should be made without theapproval of the Grand Council; (2) no freeman should be arrested, imprisoned, or deprived of hisproperty except by the law of the land; (3) the church should possess all its rights and privileges; (4)London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privileges; (5) there should be thesame weights and measures throughout the country. The Great Charter was a statement of the feudal and legal relationship between the Crown and the barons, a guarantee of the freedom of theChurch and a limitation of the powers of the king. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitationof the powers of the king, but it has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberties.5. What do you know about the English Renaissance?——Renaissance was the revival of classical literature and artistic styles in European history. It began in Italy in the early 14th centuryand spread to England in the late 15th century. The English Renaissance had 5 characteristics: (1)English culture was revitalized not so much directly by the classics as by contemporary Europeansunder the influence of the classics; (2) England as an insular country followed a course of social andpolitical history which was to a great extent independent of the course of history else where in Europe; (3) Owning to the great genius of the 14th century poet chaucer, the native literature wasvigorous enough and experienced in assimilating foreign influences without being subjected by them;。
英美概况习题
Chapter 1 HistoryTell whether each of the following statements is true or false.1._________ In 43 A.D. Roman Emperor Julius Caesar invaded England. 答案：F2.________ The month “July”, in fact, is named after Julius Caesar himself.答案：T3.________The best-known English legend, King Arthur, derives from the Anglo-Saxons’ time.答案：T4.________ Robin Hood is a story about the Viking invasion of England. 答案：F5.________ In the early stage of the Hundred Years’ War, the English won great victories.答案：T6.________The ruling Normans regarded England as their home after the Hundred Years’ War.答案：T7.________ Henry VII ended the Wars of the Roses and founded the Tudor Monarchy.答案：F8.________ English drama flourished during Elizabeth I era.答案：T9.________ Oliver Cromwell believed in the old theory “Divine right of Kings”.答案：F10.________After World War II, the British economy became the 2nd largest power in the world.答案：F11. ________ American Indians came from India 25,000 years ago.答案：F12. ________ American Indians developed the brilliant culture of the Aztecs, the Incas and the Mayas.答案：T13. ________ Columbus was the first European to set foot in what was to be called America.答案：T14.________ America was named after the great discoverer AmerigoVespucci.答案：T15. ________ The first permanent English colony was founded in 1607 in Boston.答案：F16. ________ Thanksgiving Day came from Britain.答案：F17. ________ By the early 1760s, the English settlers had established 13 colonies along the Atlantic coast.答案：T18. ________The Declaration of Independence officially announced the independence of 13 North American colonies.答案：T19.________ Benjamin Franklin became the first American President.答案：F20. ________ The United States did not enter World War I.答案：FFill in the blanks with the correct information.1. The golden-haired ________ are the natives of Britain, who were later called the Briton.答案: Celts2. In 55 and 43 A.D. Britain was invaded twice by the ________.答案: Romans3. The Anglo-Saxons began to settle in Britain in the ________ century. 答案: 5th4. In the late 8th century they experienced _______ invasion from Denmark and in _________ they suffered Norman Conquest.答案: Viking; 10665. Joan of Arc is a famous national heroine of French in the ___________________.答案: Hundred Years’ War6. The Wars of the Roses were fought between the House of __________ and the House of Lancaster.答案: York7. The direct cause of King Henry VIII’s Religious Reformation was to _____ his wife.答案: divorce8. Charles I ruled the country without Parliament for _______ years.答案: 119. ______________ was also known as the “Virgin Queen” and____________ had the longest rule in English history.答案: Elizabeth I; Queen Victoria10. After World War I, Britain was overtaken by__________.答案: America11. Columbus discovered the New World in the year of________.答案: 149212. The first permanent English settlement in North America was established in ________ in the year of ________.答案: Virginia; 160713. _________________ is a purely American holiday.答案: Thanksgiving Day14. By the 1760s, the English settlers had established _________ coloniesalong the Atlantic coast.答案: 1315. ___________________ declared the birth of America.答案: Declaration of Independence16. Independence Day is celebrated on _________________.答案: 4th of July17. The book _____________________ aroused a great discontent over slavery.答案:Uncle Tom’s Cabin18. The American Civil War officially ended in the year of __________. 答案: 186519. After __________ the U.S. had changed from a debtor country to a creditor country.答案: World War I20. After __________ the U.S. became the strongest power in the world.答案: World War IIChoose the correct answer on the basis of what is stated in the text.1. Which of the following is a famous prehistoric monument(a) Stonehenge(b) Hadrian’s Wall(c) Westminster Abby(d) Tower of London答案: (a)2. ________ were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.(a) The Romans(b) The Anglo-Saxons(c) The Vikings(d) The Normans答案: (b)3. Which of the following is NOT part of Britain’s civilization brought by Roman invasion(a) The names of English month came from Roman gods and rulers.(b) They built towns, temples and roads.(c) They built the Hardin’s Wall.(d) They built Westminster Abby.答案: (d)4. Westminster Abbey was built at the time of ___________.(a) Roman invasion(b) Anglo-Saxons invasion(c) Viking invasion(d) Norman Conquest答案: (c)5. The Tower of London, located in the centre of London, was built by___________.(a) King Harold(b) Robin Hood(c) Oliver Cromwell(d) William the Conqueror答案: (d)6. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of ___________.(a) the House of York(b) the House of Lancaster(c) the House of Tudor(d) the House of Stuart答案: (c)7. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between ____________.(a) Nobles and peasants(b) Roundheads and the Cavaliers(c) Charles I and the Cavaliers(d) House of York and House of Lancaster答案: (b)8. Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the British Civil War(a) Charles I was executed.(b) Charles II was exiled.(c) The Commonwealth of England was formed.(d) The Stuart kingdom was restored.答案: (d)9. Which of the following is NOT an achievement under the rule of Elizabeth I(a) Railways were built.(b) The first settlers were sent to America.(c) English drama and poetry thrived.(d) The English navy defeated the Spanish Armada.答案: (a)10. Which of the following is NOT an achievement under the rule of Queen Victoria(a) Railways were built.(b) Most people lived in villages and worked on the land.(c) Fa ctories and machines were built to meet people’s demand.(d) Britain became the richest country in the world.答案: (b)11. Which of the following is NOT true about American Indians(a) They are descendants of Mongoloid.(b) They crossed the Bering Strait to Alaska.(c) They grew corn only.(d) They developed brilliant civilizations.答案: (c)12. _______________ confirmed that a new continent rather than India was found.(a) Christopher Columbus(b) Amerigo Vespucci(c) King James I(d) Queen Elizabeth答案: (b)13. The Mayflower was a ship taken by _______________.(a) Christopher Columbus(b) Amerigo Vespucci(c) a group of people who wanted to get hold of treasures(d) a group of people who desired free religious practice答案: (d)14. Which of the following was a direct cause of Boston Tea Party in 1773(a) Quartering Act(b) Stamp Act(c) Tea Act(d) Taxation on sugar and coffee答案: (c)15. Which of the following took the function of a national government in the War ofIndependence(a) The First Continental Congress(b) The Second Continental Congress(c) The Confederate States(d) The Union States答案: (b)16. "No taxation without representation" was the slogan of ___________.(a) the settlers of Virginia(b) the slaves of America(c) the Indians of America(d) the people of the 13 colonial Americans答案: (d)17. ___________ was the first president of the United States of America.(a) Benjamin Franklin(b) Thomas Jefferson(c) George Washington(d) Abraham Lincoln答案: (c)18. Which of the following was NOT a cause of American Civil War(a) Religious oppression(b) Economic interests of the South and North(c) Political conflict between the South and North(d) Slavery答案: (a)19. ___________ granted freedom to all slaves in the U.S.(a) The Quartering Act(b) The Stamp Act(c) The Declaration of Independence(d) Emancipation Proclamation答案: (d)20. The Bombing of Pearl Harbor led to America’s involvement in ___________.(a) the War of Independence(b) the Civil War(c) World War I(d) World War II答案: (d)Explain the following terms.1. The Anglo-SaxonsIn the 5th century, the tribes called the Angles and Saxons invaded Britain, coming from northern Europe. By the end of the 5th century, the Anglo-Saxons ruled most of Britain. Their language was called Old English. From them comes the name of “England” and “English”; England came from “Angle-land” meaning the landof the Anglo-Saxons.2. Norman ConquestAfter King Edward died, Duke William of Normandy, from northern France, declared that Edward had promised to let him become the king. On October 14, 1066, William and his army invaded England and defeated the English army. He was made king and crowned in Westminster Abby on Christmas Day, 1066. William is often referred to as William the Conqueror in English history.3. Robin HoodEngland's best-loved legend of Robin Hood is an outlawed Saxon nobleman oppressed by the Normans. He hid in the forest near Sherwood with his band of followers, called “merry men”. From this secret wood, they we nt out to rob from the rich to give to the poor with their longbows. Robin Hood has been a popular subject of numerous films, television series, books, comics and plays.4. The Hundred Years’ WarAt the beginning of the 14th century, England developed into a stronger state in Europe. Consequently, the rich wanted to control more markets and the nobles wanted to regain their lost land. When King Edward III of England declared that he should become the French king, the French rejected his claim so he declared war on France in 1337. The war lasted intermittently for 116 years, hence being known as the Hundred Years’ War.5. The Civil WarIn January 1642 the Civil War broke out between the Roundheads (supporters of Parliament) and the Cavaliers (supporters of the King). The Civil War ended with the Parliamentary victory and it led to the execution of Charles I, and his son Charles II was driven out of the country in 1649. In addition to that, Oliver Cromwell, the leader of the Roundheads,formed republican England, known as the Commonwealth of England and the English monarchy was abolished.6. American IndiansThe American Indians were the descendants of the Mongoloid. The name “Indians” was given by Columbus when he mistook them for the people of India. It is believed that about 25,000 years ago the Indians crossed the Bering Strait land bridge to Alaska. The American Indians developed the brilliant civilizations of the Aztecs, the Incas and the Mayas.7. Columbus’“discovery ” of AmericaIn 1492, Columbus persuaded the king and queen of Spain to finance his voyage. He believed that by sailing west from Europe, he could reach India. Columbus failed to reach India but landed at one of the Caribbean islands instead. He mistook these islands for part of India and called the local people Indians.8. The MayflowerThe Mayflower has a famous position in American history as a symbol of early European colonization. With their religion oppressed by the Church of England, in the autumn of 1620, 102 people sailed to the New World in a ship named the “Mayflower”. Late in December, the Mayflower finally landed in what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts.9. Declaration of IndependenceOn July 2, 1776, the Congress finally determined that these United Colonies ought to be free and independent states. Thomas Jefferson, assisted by Benjamin Franklin, drafted the Declaration of Independence, which the Congress adopted on July 4, 1776. It announced the independence of 13 North American colonies and the birth of a new nation.10. Abraham LincolnIn March 1861 Abraham Lincoln took the office of president. He realized that by making the war a battle against slavery, he could win support for the Union at home and abroad. On January 1, 1863, he issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which granted freedom to all slaves.Chapter 2 GeographyTell whether each of the following statements is true or false.1. ________ Britain is situated in Western Europe.答案：T2. ________The island of Great Britain occupies more than 90% of the territory of the U.K.答案：TPeople of Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland do not like to be called English people.答案：TEdinburgh is the largest city in Scotland.答案：FBritain has a cold maritime climate.答案：F6. ________ The cheapest way to get around London is no doubt London's underground network.答案：F7. ________ Heathrow Airport is the busiest airport in the world.答案：T8. ________ Only the Old Town district of Edinburgh was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995.答案：F9.________ The Lake District is closely related with English literature in the 19th century.答案：T10.________ The Lake District National Park is one of fourteen national parks in the United Kingdom.答案：T11. ________ The whole country of the U.S. is situated in the central part of North America.答案：F12. ________ Alaska is the largest state in the U.S.答案：T13. ________ The longest river in North America is the Missouri River.答案：FWashington, D.C., as the capital of the United States, is governed directly by the District of Columbia.答案：F15. ________ Washington is often called "The City that Never Sleeps".答案：FNew York was founded as a commercial trading post by the Dutch East India Company.答案：T17. ________ The headquarters of the United Nations is located in the city of Washington.答案：F18. ________ The city of San Francisco is the most populous city in the U.S.答案：F19. ________ Hollywood is governed by its honorary mayor.答案：FOnly Lake Michigan is entirely within the U.S.答案：TFill in the blanks with the correct information.1. Britain is separated from the European continent by__________, the Strait of Dover and _____________.答案: the North Sea; the English Channel2. Britain is made up of many islands collectively known as the British Isles, of which ___________ and __________ are the two main islands.答案: Great Britain; Ireland3. Geographically, the island of Great Britain can be divided into two major regions —____________ and _____________.答案: the highland zone; the lowland zone4. The northern part of the island of Ireland is part of the United Kingdom,while _____________________, which occupies the southern part of the island, is an independent country.答案: the Republic of Ireland5. __________ is the capital of both England and the United Kingdom.答案: London6. __________ is the Queen's official and main royal London home.答案: Buckingham Palace7. When the Queen is at home, you can see her royal flag, referred to as _______________, flying from the flagpole on top of Buckingham Palace.答案: the Royal Standard8. Edi nburgh is well known for the annual _______________, the world’s largest arts festival.答案: Edinburgh Festival9. Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in _____________.答案: the British Isles10. _______________ is a natural product made only from cereals, water and yeast.答案: Scotch Whisky11. The United States is the ________ largest country in the world. 答案: 4th12. The U.S. is bordered by ______ on the north and by ______ and the Gulfof Mexico on the south.答案: Canada; Mexico13. Hawaii is situated in the central __________.答案: Pacific Ocean14. The central part of the United States is composed of vast plainsbetween _____________ and _______________.答案: the Appalachian Mountains; the Rocky Mountains15. It is extremely _______ in northern Alaska but quite _______ and humidin southern Florida and Hawaii.答案: cold; mild16. The District of Columbia was named after ______________ while the cityof Washington was named after ______________.答案: Christopher Columbus; George Washington17. The famous New York Stock Exchange is just on _____________ of Manhattan.答案: Wall Street18. The Chinatown in _____________ is the oldest Chinatown in North America.答案: San Francisco19. The Kodak Theatre, which opened in 2001 on Hollywood Boulevard atHighland Avenue, has become the new home of ___________.答案: the Oscars20. The _______________ is nearly a three-and-a-half-mile round-tripwalk.答案: Walk of FameChoose the correct answer on the basis of what is stated in the text.1. Why was Britain known as “an empire on which the sun never sets”(a) Because it used to be the largest country in the world.(b) Because it was once one of the oldest and strongest colonial powers in theworld.(c) Because it had bought a lot of islands around the world.(d) Because it used to be the greatest industrialized country in the world.答案: (b)2. The island of Great Britain is divided into three parts:________.(a)Ireland, Scotland, and Wales(b)England, Scotland, and Ireland(c)England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland(d)England, Scotland, and Wales答案: (d)3. The capital of Northern Ireland is________.(a)London(b)Belfast(c)Cardiff(d)Edinburgh答案: (b)4. Britain has a _______ climate.(a) temperate(b) maritime(c) stable(d) both a and b答案: (d)5. Britain is often ______ in winter.(a)warm(b)very cold(c)foggy(d)sunny答案: (c)6. The capital of Britain is in _______.(a)England(b)Scotland(c)Wales(d)Northern Ireland答案: (a)7. ________ flows through the city of London.(a)The Forth River(b)The Clyde River(c)The Tay River(d)The River Thames答案: (d)8. Which of the following is NOT a World Heritage Site(a) The Tower of London(b) The historic settlement of Greenwich(c) The Big Ben(d) The Palace of Westminster, Westminster Abbey and St. Margaret's Church答案: (c)9. _______________over the River Thames has also become one of the symbols of the city.(a)The Tower Bridge of London(b)St. Paul’s Cathedral(c)The British Museum(d)The Bridge of London答案: (a)10. Windermere is the largest natural _______ in England.(a) lake(b)river(c)mountain(d)valley答案: (a)11. Alaska was bought by the USA from ___________ in 1867.(a) Russia(b) the former USSR(c) China(d) Canada答案: (a)12. _________ is the fiftieth state of the U.S.(a) Alaska(b) Hawaii(c) Kentucky(d) California答案: (b)13. _______________ is known as the “father of waters” to American Indians.(a) The River Thames(b) The Missouri River(c) The Tay River(d) The Mississippi River答案: (d)14. The White House has been the executive residence of every . President since ______________.(a) Christopher Columbus(b) John Adams(c) Abraham Lincoln(d) George Washington答案: (b)15. In the East Wing of the White House you can find ______________.(a)the Oval Office(b)the executive offices of the President(c)the executive offices of the Vice President(d)the office of the First Lady答案: (a)16. The city of New York consists of some boroughs EXCEPT ___________.(a)The Bronx(b)Brooklyn(c)Queensland(d)Queens答案: (c)17. New York has been home to several of the tallest buildings in the world such as ___________ .(a) the Statue of Liberty(b) New York Stock Exchange(c) the Empire State Building(d) the headquarters of the United Nations答案: (c)18. __________________, which spans the waterway connecting San Francisco Bay with the Pacific, is well known all over the world.(a) The Niagara Falls(b) The Golden Gate Bridge(c) The Statue of Liberty(d) The English Channel答案: (b)19. San Francisco's Chinatown is the largest Chinese community outside of ___________.(a) Asia(b) Mainland China(c) China(d) South-East Asia答案: (a)20. Hollywood is a district in the state of ________.(a) Florida(b) California(c) Ohio(d) Kentucky答案: (b)Explain the following terms.1.The British IslesThe British Isles is the name of some islands in Western Europe, separated from the European continent by the North Sea, the Strait of Dover and the English Channel. Among the islands, Great Britain and Ireland are the two main ones. The country of the U.K. mainly consists of these two islands.2.LondonLondon is the capital of both England and the United Kingdom, an d the world’s ninth largest city. As one of the world's most important business, financial and cultural centers, it carries a lot of influence in aspect of politics, education, entertainment, media, fashion and the arts. The city is also a major tourist destination for both domestic and overseas visitors.3.Edinburgh FestivalEdinburgh is well known for the annual Edinburgh Festival, the world’s largest arts festival. Established in 1947, it takes place in the city during three weeks every August alongside several other arts and cultural festivals, collectively known as the Edinburgh Festival.4. New York CityThe city of New York, the largest city in the United States, is known for its status as a financial, cultural, transportation, and manufacturing center. The cityconsists of five boroughs: The Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens, and Staten Island. Among American cities, New York is unique for its 24-hour mass transit, so the city is sometimes referred to as "The City that Never Sleeps". New York City is the most populous city in the United States, and it is unique for the density and diversity of its population.5. White HouseThe White House is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the United States. It was built between 1792 and 1800 in the late Georgian style and has been the executive residence of every U.S. President since John Adams, the 2nd president of the U.S.6.HollywoodHollywood is a district in Los Angeles, California. Because it is well known as the historical center of movie studios and stars, the word "Hollywood" is often used as a symbol for the American film and television industry. Many historic Hollywood theaters are used as venues to premiere major theatrical releases and host the Academy Awards. Hollywood is a popular destination for nightlife and tourism and home to the Walk of Fame.Chapter 3 PoliticsTell whether each of the following statements is true or false.1.________ It is no doubt that U.K. is the oldest representative democracy in the world.答案：F2. ________The real importance of the monarch is largely traditional and symbolic.答案：T3. ________ The British Parliament consists of the Queen, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.答案：T4. ________ Life peers are elected by the British people.答案：FThe center of power of the U.K. has shifted from the monarch to the House of Lords.答案：F6. ________ The U.K., like Israel, has a written constitution of the sort which most countries have.答案：FCommon laws are laws which have been established through common practice in the courts.答案：T8. ________ There are two major national parties in the U.K. accordingto the text.答案：T9. ________ From 1979 to 1997, the Conservative Party won 4 elections under the leadership of Margret Thatcher and John Major.答案：T10.________ The Liberal Democratic Party is the newest of the major national parties.答案：F11. ________ The . Constitution set up a federal system.答案：T12. ________ The "Bill of Rights" was added to the Constitution in 1791. 答案：T13. ________ Checks and balances is a system for limiting the powers ofthe House of Representatives.答案：FThe main duty of the Congress is to make laws.答案：T15. ________ Most heavily populated districts have more senators than the small states.答案：F16. ________ The president can appoint any federal judges as he wishes.答案：F17. ________ The representatives of the House must be at least 35 yearsold.答案：FThe judicial branch consists of the Supreme Court, the Courts of Appeals and the district courts.答案：T19. ________ The United States has two major political parties: the Democratic Party and the Conservative Party.答案：F20. ________ The Democratic Party is considered to be a more liberal party.答案：TFill in the blanks with the correct information.1. The Parliament is composed of three parts: the queen, the House of ______, and the House of _________.答案: Lords; Commons2. Life peers should be nominated by _________, and appointed by____________.答案: the Prime Minister; the Sovereign/Queen3. In the U.K., the official head of state is_____________ while the realcentre of political life is in____________.答案: the Queen; the House of Commons4. There are three major parties in the U.K.: the ____________, the____________ and the Liberal Party.答案: Conservative Party; Labour Party5. From 1979 to 1997, the ____________ Party won 4 consecutive elections and was in power for quite a long time.答案: Conservative6. The governmental power shared between the central government and the state government is called ________.答案: a federal system7. The U.S. federal government consists of the following three branches: the legislative branch, the ________ branch, and the ________ branch.答案: executive; judicial8. The Supreme Court is composed of________ chief justice and _______ associate justices.答案: one; eight9. The Congress is divided into___________ and the House of __________. The Senators serve six-year terms, and the Representatives serve ________-year terms.答案: Senate; Representatives; two10. The two major political parties are ________, which is thought to be more liberal, and ________, which is believed to be more conservative.答案: the Democratic Party; the Republican PartyChoose the correct answer on the basis of what is stated in the text.1. Which of the following is NOT the function of the Queen of the U.K.(a) She is the head of the government.(b) She is the head of the armed forces.(c) She governs the government.(d) Her role is ceremonial and formal.答案: (c)2. Which of the following about the Parliament is NOT true(a) The Queen is part of the Parliament.(b) It has the power of passing laws.(c) It has the power to check the government.(d) It consists of two parts.答案: (d)3. Which of the following about the House of Commons is NOT true(a) Members of Parliament elect the Cabinet.(b) MPs can be elected for limitless times.(c) MPs are expected to represent the interests of the public.(d) Most MPs belong to the major political parties.答案: (a)4. How many constituencies are there in the U.K.(a) 651(b) 326(c) 626(d) 351答案: (a)5. How many years does a parliament usually stand for(a) 3 years(b) 4 years(c) 5 years(d) 6 years答案: (c)6. Which British party supports a "free market"(a) The Conservative Party(b) The Liberal Democrats(c) The Party of Wales(d) The Labour Party答案: (a)7. Which group of people tends to support the Conservative Party(a) The middle class(b) The upper middle class(c) The working class(d) B oth a and b答案: (d)8. Which British party believes that the government is to act as a “redistributive” agent(a) The Conservative Party(b) The Liberal Democrats(c) The Party of Wales(d) The Labour Party答案: (d)9. Which of the following is a Conservative Party leader(a) Margret Thatcher(b) Tony Blair(c) Gordon Brown(d) Both b and c答案: (a)。
英美文学选读-英国-文艺复兴时期-练习题汇总（选择大题）
英美文学选读-英国-文艺复兴时期-练习题汇总（选择大题）I．Multiple ChoiceOld and Medieval Period1. ____ Beowulf ___, a typical example of Old English poetry, is regarded as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons.A. The Canterbury TalesB. ExodusC. D. The Legend of Good Women3. The work that presented, for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely __ B．Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales____________.A．William Langland’ s Piers PlowmanC．John Gower’s Confession Amantis D．Sir Gawain and the Green Knight2.Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of ___.A.Piers PlowmanB.Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC.Confessio AmantisD.The Canterbury Tales1. ____A. B. George Gordon ByronC. Edmund SpenserD. Robert Browning1.Romance,which uses narrative verse or prose to tell storiesof B. knightly __. knightly _ adventures or other heroicdeeds, is a popular literary form in the medieval period.A .Christian C. Greek D. primitiveThe Neoclassical Period1.With classical culture and the（）humanistic ideascoming into England, the English Renaissance beganflourishing.A. FrenchB. GermanC. ItalianD.Greek2. During the reign of ________, England started its ReligiousReformation and broke away from Rome.A. Henry VIIB. Henry VIIIC. Edward VID.Queen Elizabeth3. The Protestant movement, which was seen as a means to recoverthe purity of the early church from the corruption andsuperstition of the Middle Ages, was initiated by _______.A. Francis BaconB. Martin LutherC. Thomas MoreD.William Shakespeare4. The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a seriesof historical events EXCEPT_________.A．the rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek cultureB．the vast expansion of British colonies in North America C．the new discoveries in geography and astrologyD．the religious reformation and the economic expansion5. In Renaissance, the European humanist thinkers and scholarsmade attempts to do the following EXCEPT ______.A. getting rid of those old feudalist ideasB. getting control of the parliament and governmentC. introducing new ideas that expressed the interests of therising bourgeoisieD. recovering the purity of the early church, from the corruptionof the Roman Catholic Church6.Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the characteristics of Renaissance humanism?A. Cultivation of the art of this world and this life.B. Tolerance of human foibles.C. Search for the genuine flavor of ancient culture.D. Glorification of religious faith.7. The Renaissance marks a transition from ______ to the modernworld.A. the old EnglishB. the medievalC. the feudalistD. the capitalist8. The English Renaissance period was an age of ______ .A. poetry and dramaB. drama and novelC. novel and poetryD. romance and poetry9.The most significant idea of the Renaissance is（）.A. humanismB. realismC. naturalismD. skepticism10．__ Humanism ____ is the essence of the Renaissance.A．Poetry B．Drama C． D．Reason11. About the Renaissance humanists which of the followingA. They thought money and social status was the measure of all things.B. They thought people were largely subordinated to the rulingclass without any freedom and independence.C. They couldn’t see the human values in their works.D. They emphasized the dignity of human beings and the importanceof the present life.12. One of the distinct features of the Elizabethan time is_____.A. the flourishing of the dramaB. the popularity of the realistic novelC. the domination of the classical poetryD. the close-down of all the theatres13. Marlowe’s grea test achievement lies in that he perfectedthe __ blank verse ________and made it the principalmedium of English drama.A. B. free verse C. sonnet D. alliteration14. Marlowe gave new vigor to the blank verse with his “_mightylines _____”.A. lyrical linesB. soft linesC. mighty linesD.religious lines15._______ introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England,while _______ brought in blank verse, i.e. the unrhymed iambic pentameter line.A. Wyatt...SurreyB. Wyatt...SidneyC. Surrey...SidneyD. Sidney...Spenser16. It was ________ who first introduced the Petrarchan sonnetinto England.A. CaxtonB. WyattC. SurreyD.Marlowe17. The Petrarchan sonnet was first introduced into England by______.A. SurreyB. WyattC. SidneyD. Shakespeare18. In English poetry, a four-line stanza is called ______.A. heroic coupletB. quatrainC. Spenserian stanzaD. terza rima19. Christoph er Marlow’s “The Passiona te Shepherd to HisLove” is a (n) .A. pastoral lyricB. elegyC. eulogyD. epic20.The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England areChristopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare and ____________.A．John Milton B．John Bunyan C．Ben JonsonD．Edmund Spenser21. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England areall the following EXCEPT ______.A. Francis BaconB. Christopher MarloweC. William ShakespeareD. Ben Jonson22. “Metaphysical Poetry” refers to the works of the 17th -century writers who wrote under the influence of _____.A. John DonneB. Alexander PopeC. Christopher MarloweD. John Milton23.Which of the following is NOT typical of metaphysical poetrybest represented by John Donne’s works?A. Common speech.B. Conceit.C. Argument.D. Refined language.24. All the following poets except ________ belong to the metaphysical school.A. DonneB. HerbertC. MarvellD. Milton25. Spenser’s mas terpiece is The Faierie Queene ______, whichis a great poem of the age.A. The Shepheardes CalenderB.C. The Rape of LucreceD. The Canterbury Tales26.Edmund Spenser’s masterpiece is _____.A. The Shephea red’s CalenderB. The Faerie QueenC. EpithalamionD. The CanterburyTales27.___ Francis Bacon _ is the first important English essayistand the founder of modern science in England.A.Francis BaconB.Edmund SpenserC.William CarxtonD.Sidney28. Francis Bacon is not only the first important essayist butalso the founder of modern ______ in England.A. poetryB. novelC. proseD. science29. ______, the first important English essayist, was also thefounder of modern science in England and one of the representatives of the English Renaissance.A．Christopher Marlowe B．Thomas More C．Francis Bacon D．William Shakespeare30. _____, the first important English essayist, is best knownfor his essays which greatly influenced the development of thisliterary form.A. Charles LambB. Ben JonsonC. Francis BaconD. John Lyly31．Francis Bacon’s essays are famous for their brevity, compactness and ______________.A．complicity B．complexity C．powerfulnessD．mildnessWilliam Shakespeare1. Shakespeare is known to have used _________ different words.His coinage of new words and distortion of the meaning of theold ones also create striking effects on the reader.A. 16,000B. 1600C.20,000D. 20002. As a Renaissance humanist, Shakespeare ( )A. is against religious persecution and racial discrimination,against social inequality and the corrupting influence of gold and money.B. holds that literature should be a combination of beauty,kindness and truth, and should reflect nature and reality. C. gives faithful reflection of the social realities of his time through his works.D. all of the above.3．Shakespeare’s four greatest tragedies are__ Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth______.A．Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, Hamlet B．Hamlet, Othello, Macbeth, The Merchant of Venice C．Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, MacbethD．Romeo and Juliet, The Merchant of Venice, Othello, Hamlet 4. Shakespeare’s four great tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello, ______and ______.（）A. King Lear...Romeo and JulietB. King Lear…MacbethC. King John...Julius CaesarD.King John…The Merchan t of Venice5.Shakespeare’s tragedies include all the following except （）.A. Hamlet and King LearB. Antony and Cleopatra and MacbethC. Julius Caesar and OthelloD. The Merchant of Venice and A Midsummer Night’s Dream6. In Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies, which of the followingis the typical characteristic the heroes share in common? ( )A. They have a strong lust for power and finally go into incessant crimes.B. They are perfect heroes without any weakness.C. They face the injustice of human life but are never caught in a difficult situation.D. They have a fate which is closely connected with the fate of the whole nation.7. As to the great tragedy Hamlet, which of the following is not true? （一）12(浙0301)A. The timeless appeal of this mighty drama lies in its combination of intrigue, emotional conflict and searching philosophic melancholy.B. The bare outline of the play is based on a widespread legend in northern Europe.C. The whole story of the play is created by Shakespeare himself.D. In it, Shakespeare condemns the hypocrisy and treachery and general corruption at the royal court.8. ______, the melancholic scholar, prince, faces the dilemma between action and mind.A. OthelloB. MacbethC. HamletD. Antonio9. In Hamlet, the hero’s trouble mainly lies in ( )A. his pride in refusing to acknowledge his mother’s secondmarriageB. his hesitation in carrying out his plan of revengeC. his suspicion that his father was murdered by his uncleD. his ambition to gain quick access to the throne10. ____ Soliloquy ____ is a natural means of writing inrevealing the prince’s inner conflict and psychologicalpredicament in Shakespeare's Hamlet.A．Dialogue B．C．Dramatic monologue D．Satire11.“To be, or not to be - th at is the question;/Whether’ tisnobler in the mind to suffer / The slings and arrows ofoutrageous fortune,/Or to take arms against a sea oftroubles ,/And by opposing end then?” These lines are takenfrom _____.A. King LearB. Romeo and JulietC. OthelloD.Hamlet12．“T o be, or not to be—that is the question”is a line takenfrom___________.A．Hamlet B．Othello C．King Lear D．Themerchant of venice13.“To be, or not to be —that is the question；／whether’tis nobler in the mind to suffer，／the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,／Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,／And by opposing end them?” The quoted lines are taken from______.A. King LearB. Romeo and JulietC. OthelloD.Hamlet14. _. Macbeth’s ____ lust for power stirs up his ambition andleads him to incessant crimes.A. Othello’sB. Hamlet’sC. Shylock’s D15. _ Othello’s ____ inner weakness is made use of by theoutside evil force.A. Hamlet’sB. Othello’sC. King Lear’sD. Macbeth’s16. About Shakespeare’s romantic comedies, which of thefollowing is true?A. He takes an optimistic attitude toward love and truth.B. The romantic elements are not brought into full play at all.C. He presents the patriotic spirit when engaging intellectualexcitement and emotion.D. There is a wonderful balance of characters.17. About Shakespeare’s romantic comedies, which of the following is not true?A. He takes an optimistic attitude toward love and truth.B. The romantic elements are brought into full play.C. He praises the patriotic spirit when engaging intellectualexcitement and emotion.D. His youthful Renaissance spirit of jollity is fully reflected.18.The most important play among Shakespeare’s comedies is _____.A. A Midsummer Night’s DreamB. The Merchant of VeniceC. As You Like ItD. Twelfth Night19.It is generally believed that the most important play among Shakespeare’s comedies is _____.A. A Midsummer Night’s DreamB. As You Like ItC. The Merchant of VeniceD. Twelfth Night20.Here are two lines taken from The Merchant of Venice: “Not on thy sole, but on thy soul, harsh Jew/Thou mak’st thy knife keen.” What kind of figurative device is used in the above lines?（）A. Simile.B. Metonymy.C. Pun.D. Synecdoche.21.“Bassanio:Antonio,I am married to a wifeWhich is as dear to me as life itself;But life itself, My wife, and all the world.Are not with me esteem'd above thy life;I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them all,Here to the devil, to deliver you.Portia: Your wife would give you little thanks for that, If she were by to hear you m ake the offer.”The above is a quotation taken from Shakespeare's comedy The Merchant of Venice.The quoted part can be regarded as a good example to illustrate ____.A.dramatic ironyB.personificationC.allegoryD.symbolism22.In Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice, Antonio could not pay back the money he borrowed from Shylock, because ______.A. his money was all invested in the newly-emerging textile industryB. his enterprise went bankruptC. Bassanio was able to pay his own debtD. his ships had all been lost23.The Tempest is a typical example ofShakespeare’s__________view of li fe towards human life and society in his late years.A. pessimisticB. optimisticC. satiricalD. none of the above24. As the best of Shakespeare's final romances, ______ is atypical example of his pessimistic view towards human life andsociety in his late years.A. The TempestB. The Winter's TaleC. CymbelineD. The Rape of Lucrece25. Shakespeare’ s ______, an elaborate and fantastic story,is known as the best of his final romances.A. The Winter’s T aleB. The TempestC. The Taming of the ShrewD. Love’ s Labour’ s Lost26. Shakespeare’s ______ are mainly written under theprinciple that national unity under a mighty and just sovereignis a necessity.A. comediesB. tragediesC. history playsD. dark comedies27. Which of the following is William Shakespeare’s historyplay?A. MacbethB. Henry IVC. Romeo and JulietD. King Lear。
英美文学练习题1
练习题英国文学部分1.Anglo-Saxon conquest happened in the _15th_ century.2.Angles, Saxons and _jutes_ usually known as Anglo-Saxons are the firstEnglishman.3._Beowulf_ is the most important specimen of Old English literature and also theoldest surviving epic in the English language.4.The first known religious poet in England is _Caedmon_.5.Today Chaucer is acclaimed not only as “the father of English poetry”, but also as“the father of English fiction”. His masterpiece is _The Cabterbury Tales__.6.The Canterbury Tales contains in fact a general prologue and only __24_ tales, ofwhich two are left unfinished.7.The _General Prologue_ provides a framework for the tales in The CanterburyTales, and it comprises a group of vivid pictures of various medieval figures.8.The Canterbury Tales is Chaucer’s greatest work and the greater part of it waswritten in _heroic__ couplet.9.The pilgrims in The Canterbury Tales are on the way to the shrine of St. Thomas aBecket at a place named __Cabterbury__.10.Chaucer’s learning was wide in scope. He obtained a good knowledge of _Italin__,_Latin__, and __French____.11.____Troilus and Criseyde__ is Chaucer’s longest complete poem and his greatestartistic achievement.12.Chaucer’s earliest work of any length is his Romaunt_of the Rose__, a freetranslation of French poem names Roman de la Rose.13.The _Anglo-Saxon__ period witnessed a transition from tribal society tofeudalism.14.__Caedmon______ is known as the “Father of English song”15.The early inhabitants on the island now we call England were _Britons______, atribe of Celts. From it the island got its name of Britain.16.In 1066, the Norman defeated the Anglo-Saxons at the battle of __Hastings_.17._Geoffery Chaucer__ is acclaimed not only as “the father of English poetry” butalso as “the father of English fiction”.18.After the _Norman__ conquest, feudal system was established in English society.19.The Romances were usually composed for the noble, of the noble, and hadnothing to do with the _common people___.T/F1.Beowulf reflects how people in the feudal(tribal) society fought against nature. F2.English poetry in the Anglo-Saxon period falls into two groups: religious andpagan. T3.Chaucer’s language, now called old(medieval) English, is vivid and exact. He isthe first great poet who wrote in the English language. F。
英美文化试题.doc
复习范围单选题（100道:部分答案在书后练习，部分答案需要自己查找）：1.Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders ofEngland?A.The Anglo-Saxons.B.The Normans.C.The Vikings.D.The Romans.2.Which is the largest city in Scotland?A.CardiffB.EdinburghC.GlasgowD.Manchester3.Which of the following parties in Scotland still wants anindependent Scotland?A.The Labour PartyB.The Liberal PartyC.The Scottish Nationalist PartyD.The Conservative Party4.Which of the following statement is NOT true?A.Sinn Fein is a legal political party in Northern Ireland.B.Those who want to unite Northern Island with Britain are called Unionists.C.The Social Democratic and Labour Party is very importantpolitical party in Britain.D.Those who show their loyalty to the British Crown arecalled loyalists.5.Under whose reign was the Bill of Rights passed?A.James II.B.William of Orange.C.Oliver Cromwell.D.George I6.Which of the following is NOT related to the Constitution?A.It is a written document which lists out the basic principlesfor government.B.It is the foundation of the British governance today.C.Convention and Laws passed by Parliament are part of theConstitution.D.The common laws are part of the Constitution.7.Which of the following is NOT a true description of the Queen'srole?A.The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.B.The Queen symbolized the tradition and unity if the Britishstate.C.The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister.D.The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.8.Which of the following description about the Conservative partyis NOT true?A.It has been in power for an unusually long period of time.B.It prefers policies that protect individual5s rights.C.It receives a lot of the funding from big companies.D.It is known as a party of high taxation levels.9.Which of the following is NOT true about life peers?A.They are not from the aristocratic families.B.They cannot sit in the House of Lords.C.They earned their titles through their outstandingachievement.D.The titles cannot be inherited by their children.10.Which of the following is NOT true about class system in theUK?A.Peoples of different classes tend to read different kinds ofnewspapers.B.Class division is only decided by people's income.C.Though social advancement is possible, class affects aperson's life chances.D.The way people speak may identify them as belonging to particular class.11.Which of the following books is written by Geoffrey Chaucer?A.The Canterbury Tales.B.BeowulfC.King LearD.Morte D5 Arthur12.Which of the following did NOT belong to Romanticism?A.KeatsB.ShelleyC.WordsworthD.Defoe13.Which of the following is generally considered to be themasterpiece by Joseph Conrad?A.Oliver TwistB.The Heart of DarknessC.Howard's EndD.Wuthering Heights14.Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain?A.The University of Cambridge.B.The University of Oxford.C.The University of Edinburgh.D.The University of Buckingham.15.Which of the following is the world's oldest national newspaper?A.The TimesB.The GuardianC.The ObserverD.The Financial Times16.How many newspapers are there in Britain?A.About 100B.About 1400C.About 150D.14017.Which of the following is truly a sport of the royal family?A.CricketB.SkiingC.GolfingD.Horse racing18.Which celebration particularly happens on the Queen's birthday?A.Bonfires.B.The Orange March.C.Trooping the Colour.D.Masquerades.19.In 1541,declared to be the king of Ireland, the firstA. the British monarchB. the OmbudsmanEnglish monarch to do so.20.The word "Ireland" is used ambiguously to meanA.Republic of IrelandB.Northern IslandC.both the Republic and Northern IrelandD.the 26 countries which gained independence in 192121.Which is the flag of New Zealand?22.Which is New Zealand's biggest city?A.CanterburyB. WellingtonC. AucklandD. Tasman23.New Zealand is mainly constituted by how many islands?A.2B.3C.4 D524.The three levels of local government of New Zealand areA.regional councils ,District Courts and community boardsB.regional councils, territorial authorities and community boardsC.regional councils, city councils and community boardsD.the High Court,District Courts and Dispute Tribunals25.New Zealand's trade has ------- of exports going to Pacific Rim members of the APEC grouping.A.30%B.50%C.70%D.90%26.The head of State of New Zealand isCC. the Prime MinisterD. the Governor-General27.New Zealand now has four major markets:A.Australia, the European Union, Japan, and the United StatesB.Australia, the United States, the United Kingdom, and the European UnionC.Australia, the United Kingdom, Japan, and ChinaD.Australia, China, United Arab Emirate and the United States28.In New Zealand, under MMPR, each voter has -------- votes.A.lB.2C.3D.429.In the Maori language the word “Aotearoa" meansA.holy land of beautyB.the land of thick green forestC.the land of long white cloudD.the fairest maid30.In the Maori culture, which is the name of the earth Mother?A.PapatuanukuB. RanginuiC. TaneD. Maui31.Who first came and settled in Canada?A.British colonistsB.French colonistsC.American colonistsD.Spanish colonists32.Who is the most influential person in the Canadian government?A.The QueenB.The Cabinet MinsterC.The Prime MinisterD.The Governor General33.Which of the following about the Queen is true?A.She is the official head of state.B.She is a member of the Cabinet.C.She is a symbol of parliamentary democracy.D.She is a symbol of Canada.34.Which of the following is NOT correct?A.The Senate is controlled by the House of Commons.B.The Senate is not elected by Canadian people.C.The Senate is recommended by the Prime Minister.D.The Senate is appointed by the Governor General.35.Which of the following industries account for more than half ofthe GDP in Canada?A.Primary industriesB.Secondary industriesC.Tertiary industriesD.None of them36.Which of the following provinces in the manufacturing heartlandof Canada?A.AlbertaB.OntarioC.British ColumbiaD.Nova Scotia37.Cultural survival is shown in the following ways except.A.the attempt to maintain a Canadian identityB.persistence of native Canadian people to maintain theirdistinctive culturesC.dealing with the harsh natural environmentD.the survival of a French-Canadian identity in Quebec afterthe English had conquered the French in Quebec38.In which period have Canada's most famous and successfulwriters appeared?A.Post-war periodB.Period of nation-buildingC.Early colonial periodD.Pre-European period39.During whose administration did Canada recognize the People'sRepublic of China?A.Wilfred Laurier'sB.Pierre Trudeau'sC.Mackinzie King'sD.Brian Mulroney's40.In 1917, the Canadian government introduced conscription, whichresulted in bitter resentment in the French-speaking province.A.British ColumbiaB.Nova ScotiaC.OntarioD.Quebec41.Which of the following statement is NOT true?A.Great Britain and England are geographical names.B.The British Isles are made up of three large islands and hundreds of small ones.C.At present there are 50 member countries within the Commonwealth (1991).D.Wales is in the west of Great Britain.42.built the Hadrian's Wall and the Antonine Wall to keep out of the area they had conquered.A.The Romans; the PictsB.The Beaker Folk; the PictsC.The Anglo-Saxons; the RomansD.The Danes; the Anglo-Saxons43.Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?A.The Anglo-SaxonsB.The NormansC.The VikingsD.The Romans44.The spirit of was the limitation of the powers of the king, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.A.the Provision of OxfordB.the Constitutions of ClarendonC.Domesday BookD.Magna Carta45.When Mary Tudor became Queen, at least 300 were burntas heretics.A. ProtestantsB. CatholicsC. PuritansD. Muslims46.The chief demand of the peasants during the Peasant Uprising of 1381 was.A.the abolition of villeinageB.the punishment of the King's ministersC.the increase of wagesD.the reform of the church47.The significance of the Wars of the Roses was all the following EXCEPT that.A.feudalism received its death blowB.the great medieval nobility was much weakenedC.the king's power now became supremeD.it dealt a death blow to villeinage48.is one of the comedies of Shakespeare.A.OthelloB. Richard IIIC. The TempestD. Julius Caesar49. In the Glorious Revolution the Catholic king,was driven out of England.A. James IB. James IIC. Charles ID. Charles II50., excluding any Roman Catholic from the succession, confirmed the principle of parliamentary supremacy and guaranteed free speech within both the House of Lords and the House of Commons.A. The Bill of RightsB. The Disabling ActC. The Test ActD. Instrument of Government51.As a result of the Industrial Revolution, Britain became theA, “ shop of the world"B, "workshop of theworld,,C. “centre of the world,,D. “leader of the world,,52.Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of farming in the late 18th and the early 19th centuries?A.Cultivation of fodder cropsB.Invention of seed drillC.Selective breeding of domestic animalsD.“Open-field" system53.In Britain,abolished “rotten boroughs,^.A.the People's CharterB. the Combination ActsC. the New Power LawD. the Reform Act of 183254.The present British monarch, Queen Elizabeth II was crowned inA.1926B. 1947C. 1952D. 195355.has the ultimate authority for law-making in Britain.A. The MonarchB. The ParliamentC. The Prime MinisterD. The Cabinet56.In the House of Commons, all speeches are addressed towho is elected at the beginning of each new Parliament to preside over the House and enforce the rules of order.A. the Prime MinisterB. the MonarchC. the SpeakerD. the Lord Chancellor57.About daily and Sunday newspapers are published nationwide in Britain.A.100B. 110C. 120D. 13058.In Britain,is directly responsible for the NHS.A. a local governmentB. the central governmentC. a voluntary organizationD. a certain society59.The day following Christmas Day is known as, for on this day gifts are given to servants and tradesmen.A. New Year's DayB. Easter DayC. Labor DayD. Boxing Day60.Of the following four sports,has the longest history in Britain.A. cricketB. golfC. footballD. rugby61.The three states that have seen the fastest growth in population in the past 20 years are.A.California, Arizona and New MexicoB.California, Florida and NevadaC.New York, Texas and FloridaD.Arizona, Nevada and Florida62.In American history,refer to those who came to Plymouth onboard of Mayflower.A.the English noblesB. the PuritansC. the PilgrimsD. the English adventurers63.After President Jefferson bought the Territory from France,the territory owned by the United States almost doubled.A.ArizonaB. TexasC. LouisianaD. California64.President Abraham Lincoln issued the, because he realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just war against slavery.A.Bill of RightsB. Emancipation of ProclamationC. Declaration of IndependenceD. Civil Right Act65.The features of the early colonists which have strong influence on the formation of American character are all the following EXCEPT.A.religious intoleranceB.respect of individual rightsC.representative form of governmentD. a strong spirit of individual enterprise66.Rushed by the Progressive Movement,put forward his program of New Freedom.Woodrow Wilson Theodore Roosevelt C.Franklin D.Roosevelt D. George Washington67.The Paris Conference which began on Jan 18, 1919 wasdominated by the Big Four including.A.the United States, the Soviet Union, China and BritainB.the United States, Britain, France, and ItalyC.the United States, Britain, Germany, and JapanD.the United States, Britain, France, and the Soviet Union68.In his inaugural speech,said that “the only thing we have to fearis fear itself."A.Abraham LincolnB. Theodore RooseveltC. FranklinD.Roosevelt D. George Washington69.As a result of American economic aid under the Marshall Plan,recovered and began to show signs of development.A. TurkeyB. GreeceC. Western EuropeD. Eastern Europe70.During the Cuban Missile Crisis, the two superpowers stared ateach other, with the possibility of looming large.A. a nuclear warB. a chemical warC. the Vietnam WarD. the Korean War71.visit to China ended twenty-three years of hostility and ledto the establishment of diplomatic relations in January.A. the Democratic Party the Republican PartyA.President Nixon's; 1972B. Jimmy Carter's; 1978C. President Nixon's; 1979D. George Bush's; 198972.After long and difficult negotiations in Paris, the U. S. and signed a cease-fire agreement on January 27, 1973.A.South VietnamB. North VietnamC. the Soviet UnionD. Korea73.Which of the following is NOT true of U.S. foreign trade?A.Canada is the largest single source of goods imported by the United States.B.Outside of North America, Asia is the largest source of imports.C.The U.S. share of world trade has decreased in recent years.D.Whenever the American economy is in trouble, the economy of other countries is affected.74.When the delegates met at Philadelphia in 1787, their task wasA.to write a new constitutionB.to adopt the Articles of ConfederationC.to establish a new form of governmentD.to revise the Articles of Confederation75.Abraham Lincoln was elected President as the candidate ofin 1860.C.the Whig PartyD. the Conservative Party76.According to the U.S. Constitution, education is mainly a function of.A.the federal governmentB. the city governmentC. the county governmentD. the state government77.Which of the following is NOT true about the reasons for the rapid growth of community colleges?A.Their open admission policiesB. Their cheap tuition and feesC. Their fixed curriculum structuresD. Their convenient locations 78.The Waste Land, written by, is considered the manifesto of the "Lost Generation,^.A.T. S. EliotB. Walt WhitmanC. Emily DickinsonD. Theodore Dreiser79.In the 1920s, Black literature developed into an upsurge, which has come to be known as.A.the Literature RenaissanceB.the Harlem RenaissanceC.the Literature RevivalD.the "knickerbockers era" of American literature80.Easter Sunday is the most important religious holiday for commemorating.A. the death of Jesus ChristB.the birth of Jesus ChristC.the crucifixion of Jesus ChristD.the resurrection of Jesus Christ81.The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except.A.George WashingtonB.Thomas JeffersonC.William PennD.Benjamin Franklin82.The Bill of Rights consists of.A.10 very short paragraphs in a amendmentB.10 amendments adopted in 1787C.10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791D.the amendments concerning the freedom of speech, thefreedom of the press and the freedom of religion83.The New Deal was started by.A.Franklin RooseveltB.J. F. KennedyC.George WashingtonD.Thomas Jefferson84.The United States was rated in the world in terms ofland area and the size of population.A.secondB.thirdC.fourthD.fifth85.Which of the following features is NOT distinctively American?A.Various religious groups have coexisted in the US moreharmoniously than Europe.B.Scientific and economic advance and material prosperity havenot been accompanied by a decline in religious faith.C.There has been little concentration on doctrine or religionargument in the US.D.There has been very much concentration on doctrine orreligious argument in the US.86.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in American highereducation?A.Universities and collegesB.Research institutionsC.Technical institutionsmunity colleges87.Three of the following factors have contributed to the flourishingof large universities in America, which is the exception?rge universities offer the best libraries and facilities forscientific research.rge universities provide students with “mainframe"computer.rge universities offer scholarships to all students.rge universities attract students with modern laboratories.88.In the 1960s, feminism was reborn. Many women weredissatisfied with their lives, and in 1963, with the publication of by, they found a voice.A.The Feminine Mystique, Betty FriedanB.Profiles in Courage, John F. KennedyC.The Other America, Michael HarringtonD.Catcher in the Rye, J. D. Salinger89.What was the major historical event that resulted in the separation of the Protestants from the Roman Catholic Church?A.The 16th-century ReformationB.The American RevolutionC.The French RevolutionD.The 1917 Bolshevik Revolution in Russia.90.During the arms race between the Soviet Union and the US,what caused fear and anxiety on the part of the United States?A. In 1949, the Soviet Union detonated its first atomic device.B.The Warsaw Pact was founded in 1955.C.The Soviet Union had its first test of the bomb in 1953.D.In 1957, the Soviet Union launched two Sputniks into the orbit.91.When did President Nixon make a trip to China to improverelations with the People's Republic of China?A.In 1972B.In 1973C.In 1970D.In 197192.Which of the following is NOT a native Australian animal?A.SheepB.WombatC.KoalaD.Kangaroo93.Which is now the fastest growing non-Christian belief system inAustralia?A.IslamB.JudaismC.BuddhismD.Hinduism94.Which game is the most popular in Australia in terms of thenumbers who play the game?A.HockeyB.CricketC.Beach Volleyballball95.Which of the following has happened in Australian economy?A.Tariff rates have lowered.B.The centralized wage system has been abolished.C.The foreign exchange markets have been brought under statecontrol.D.Work migration to Australia has been made easier.96.What unpopular policy became one of the major factors leading to a negative reaction to Australia's relationship with the USA?A.withdrawal of troops from VietnamB.anti-communismC."crusade against communism,,D.conscription-by-ballot97.Which country has become Australia's largest trading partner?A.JapanB.BritainC.The USD.China98.Which of the following is NOT a form of renewable energy?A.Wind farmB.Fossil fuelsC.BiofuelsD.Solar panels99.Mark Twain's works are characterized by the following exceptA.sense of humorB.egotismC.jokesD.tall tales100.Three of the following authors are Nobel Prize winners. Which one is NOT?A.Ernest HemingwayB.Eugene O'NeillC.William FaulknerD. F. Scott Fitzgerald问答题（答案基本都在书上，也可以在网上查找）：1.What are the three big parties in the UK? What are some ofthe similarities and dissimilarities between the three parties? 2.Please define “absolute decline and relative decline,, in the UK economy after WWII. What are the reasons for the absolute decline and relative decline?3.What are some of the peculiar features of New Zealand'sgovernment system compared to Australia or Britain ?4.What is w The Canadian Mosaic w ?5.Could you please compare the British education system withthe Chinese education system?6.What are the major differences between the Catholics and theProtestants?7.Could you please introduce at least 3 famous touristdestinations in Australia?8.Did movies originate in America? How did American Filmevolve from 1896 to 1916?9.What is so unique about Canadian-American relations?10.Could you please introduce the Maori culture in NewZealand?。
英美文学题库有中英文解释
-Chapter I An Introduction to Old and Medieval English Literature & The Renaissance PeriodI. Choose the right answer:1. Dr. Faustus is a play based on the _____legend of a magician aspiring for ____ and finally meeting his tragic end as a result of selling his soul to the Devil.A.British/ immoralityB.French/moneyC.German/knowledgeD.American/political power Answer: C (可参考课本P21)2. _____, is a typical example of Old English poetry, is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons.A.The Wife’s ComplaintB.BeowulfC.The Dream of the RoodD.The SeafarerAnswer: B (可参考课本P1)3.It’s Chaucer alone who, for the first ti me in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English Society in his masterpiece__________.A.The Canterbury TalesB.The Legend of Good WomenC.Troilus and CriseydeD. The Romaunt of the Rose.Answer: A (可参考课本P4)4. The Essence of Renaissance, the most significant intellectual movement, was_____.A. Geographical explorationB. Religious reformationC. Publishing and translationD. Humanism. Answer: D (可参考课本P8)5. “Prince Arthur’s greatest mission is his search for Gloriana, with whom he has fallen in love througha love vision.”The two figures come from_____.A.Paradise LostB.Dr. FaustusC.The Faerie QueeneD.HamletAnswer: C (可参考课本P13)6.In “Sonnet 18”, Shakespeare_________________.A.Meditate on the destructive power of time and eternal beauty by poetry.B.Satirize human’s vanity.C.Predict the eternity of love.D.Eulogize the power of the beauty. Answer: A (P37)7. ____ gave new vigor to the blank verse with his “mighty lines”and make ’blank verse’ the principle vehicle of expression in drama.A.SurreyB.WyattC.MarloweD.SidneyAnswer: C (P21)8. Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies are the following works except____.A.HamletB.King LearC.Romeo and JulietD.OthelloAnswer: C (P33)9. The Renaissance refers to between 14th----mid-17th century, which was under the reign of Queen___and absolute monarchy in England reached its summit, and in which the ’real mainstream (真正的文学主流)’ was ____.A.Victoria/poetryB.Elizabeth/ dramaC.Mary/ novelD.James/ dramaAnswer: B (P11)10. In The Legend of Good Women, Chaucer used for the first time in English the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter, which is to be called later____.A.The Spenserian stanzaB.The heroic coupletC.The blank verseD.The free verseAnswer: B (P5)11. The Redcrosse Knight in “The Faerie Queene” stands for_____, and Una stands for_____.A.bravery/ chastityB.holiness/ truthC.error/ deliveryD.true gentleman/ lady.Answer: B (P16)12. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the characteristics of Renaissance?A.Rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture.B.Attempt to remove the old feudalist ideas in Medieval Europe.C.Exaltation of man’s pursuit of happiness in his life, and tolerance of man’s foibles.D.Praise of man’s efforts in soul delivery and personal salva tion.Answer: D (P7)13. “The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune” is an example of ______.A.MetaphorB.SimileC.IronyD.PersonificationAnswer: A (P55)14. _____ introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England.A.Anglos/ SaxonsB.Normans/ Anglo-SaxonsC.Greeks/ RomansD.Romans/ NormansAnswer: B (P11)15. It is ___ alone who, for the first time in English literature presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life.A.Edmund SpenserB.Geoffrey ChaucerC.William ShakespeareD.John DonneAnswer: B (P4)16. The following belong to the characteristics of ’metaphysical poetry’ represented by ’John Donne’ except___.A.ConceitsB.Actual imagery and simple dictionC.Argumentative formD.Elegant styleAnswer: D (P63)17. Paradise Lost is actually a story taken from____.A.Greek MythologyB.Roman legendC.The Old TestamentD.The New TestamentAnswer: C (P73)18. In “Paradise Lost”, Satan says “We may with mo re successful hope resolve/ To wage by force or guile eternal war, / Irreconcilable to our grand Foe” What does the “Eternal war” mean?A.To remove God from his throneB.To burn the Heaven DownC.To corrupt God’s creation of man and woman-----Adam and EveD.To beguile into a snake to threaten man’s lifeAnswer: C (P71, 节选部分在P75)19. _____, the first of the great tragedies, is generally regarded as Shakespeare’s most popular play on the stage, for it has the qualities of a “blood-and-thunder” thriller and a ’philosophical exploration’ of life and death.A.The Merchant of VeniceB.HamletC.King LearD.The Winter’s TaleAnswer: B (P33)20. It was ___and ___ the two conquests that provided the source for the rise and growth of English literature.A.Anglos/ SaxonsB.Normans/ Anglo-SaxonsC.Romans/ NormansD.Greeks/ RomansAnswer: B (P1)21. Paradise Lost is ___’s masterpiece, which is an epic in 12 books, written in blank verse, about the heroic revolt of Satan against God’s authority.A.John DonneB.Christopher MarloweC.John MiltonD.Edmund SpenserAnswer: C (P71)22. The following description fit into Milton ’except’_____.A.a great revolutionary poet of the 17th centuryB.an outstanding political pamphleteerC.a great stylist and master of blank verseD.a kind of elegant and refine style.Answer: D (P70---73)23. _____is not written by John Milton.A.Samson AgonistesB.Paradise LostC.Paradise regainedD.TamburlaineAnswer: D (P71)24. Marlow’s greatest achievement is that he perfected the ’blank verse’, and he is regarded as ’the pioneer of English drama’, which of the following is not written by him?A.TamburlaineB.The Jew of MaltaC.The Passionate Shepherd to His LoveD.The Sun Rising Answer: D (P20)25. ____Essays is the first example of that genre in English literature, which has been recognized as an important landmark in the development of English prose.A.John Milton’sB.Francis Bacon’sC.Montaigne’sD.Thomas Gray’sAnswer: B (P58)26. _____Was known as “the poets’ poet”.A.William ShakespeareB.Edmund SpenserC.John DonneD.John MiltonAnswer: B (P15)27. “And we will make thee beds of roses / And a thousand fragrant posies/ A cap of flowers, and a kirtle/ Embroidered all with leaves of myrtle.” The above lines are probably taken from______.A.Spenser’s The Faerie QueeneB.John Donne’s The Sun RisingC.Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18D.Marlow’s The Passionate Shepherd to His Love.Answer: D (P28)28. Which of the following statement best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18?A.The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B.The speaker satirizes human vanity.C.The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D.The speaker meditates on man’s salvation. Answer: C (P37)II. Read the quoted part and answer the questions:1.“For herein Fortune shows he rself more kindThan is her custom. It is still her useTo let the wretched man outlive his wealth,To view with hollow eye and wrinkled browAn age of poverty; from which ling’ring penanceOf such misery doth she cut me off”因为命运在此已经对我眷顾有加了。
英美文化常识 - 题目
英美知识常识1.圣诞节A．12月25日 B. 12月24日2.平安夜A．12月25日 B. 12月24日3.万圣节A.10月31日B. 11月1日4.万圣节盛行于：A. 南瓜灯、要红包B. 要糖果、面具5.感恩节是A.11月第四个星期四B. 12月第四个星期五6.感恩节家家户户都要吃A.牛排B. 火鸡7.英国的首都是A.伦敦B. 剑桥8.伦敦的标志性建筑物是A.白金汉宫B. 大本钟9.英国的国宝是：A.熊猫B. 知更鸟10.美国的首都是A.华盛顿B. 洛杉矶11.美国的标志性建筑物是A.自由女神像B. 埃菲尔铁塔12.美国的国宝是：A.秃鹰（白头海雕）B. 袋鼠13.美国最大的城市是A.纽约B. 洛杉矶14.澳大利亚的首都是：A.墨尔本B. 堪培拉15.澳大利亚的标志性建筑物是A.悉尼歌剧院B. 国会大厦16.澳大利亚的国宝是：A.袋鼠B. 小黄鸭17.加拿大的首都是A.渥太华B. 温哥华18.加拿大的标志性建筑物是A.多伦多铁塔B. 哥伦比亚大学19.加拿大的国宝是：A.河狸（海狸）B. 松鼠20.一个星期的第一天是A.星期一B. 星期日21.am 表示_____，pm 表示___A.早晨；晚上B. 上午；下午22.吃西餐礼：____手拿叉，____手拿刀A.左；右B. 右；左23.最不吉利的数字是A.4B. 1324.最吉祥的数字是A.6和8B. 3和725.英国的马路上靠_____行驶A.左B. 右26.美国的马路是靠_____行驶A.左B. 右27.英国女士最不喜欢别人问她的_____A.年龄B. 工作28.UFO 叫做A.宇宙飞船B. 不明飞行物29.美国的货币是A.RMBB. 美元和美分30.在西方的餐桌上，人们谈论的话题通常是A.今天的见闻B. 食物的味道31.在美国，用餐时餐巾如何放最为适宜放在A.腿上B. 胸前32.英国人拜年时最好的方式A.发红包B. 亲手把煤炭放进人家的炉子里33.在英语国家称呼不知其名的陌生人常用A.Miss 和Mr.B. Uncle 和Madam。
英美文学欣赏考题整理及问题详解
Part One：English Poetry1.William Shakespeare Sonnet 18•Why does the poet compare `thee` to a summer’s day? And who could `thee` be?Because summer’s day and thee both represent beauty . thee could be beauty, love.•What picture have you got of English summer, and could you explain why?Warm, beautiful, sunshine. Because summer is the best season of a year ,the most beautiful season. It is like our May.•How does the poet answer the question he puts forth in the first line?Thee is more beautiful than summer.•What makes the poet think that “thou” can be more fair than summer and immortal?Because humanism is more eternal than summer and immortal.•What figures of speech are used in this poem?Simile, metaphor, personification, oxymoron and so on .•What is the theme of the poem?Love conquers all, Beauty lives on.2. Thomas Nashe Spring•Read the poem carefully, pay attention to those image- bearing words, and see how many images the poet created in the poem and what sense impressions you can get from those images.There is “Blooms each thing, maids dance in a ring, the pretty birds do sing, the palm and may make country houses gay, Lambs frisk' and play, the shepherds pipe all day, And we hear aye birds tune this merry lay, The fields breathe sweet, the daisies kiss our feet, Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit, In every street these tunes bur ears do greet!”The “Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit，” impressions me most because of the harmony of the people’s relationship.•Can you point out and explain the sound and their musical effect in the poem?In the Poem, each section has four lines, each line has ten syllables ( five tone step ) . In order to give the reader a spring breeze , streams , flowers , winding , Song Xin texture of sound and light flavor, Naixi greater uses English word S , z , f , V , R , L , and θ consonants means. In Naixi's poem, the use of phonological is also very harmonious, very smooth , very mellow. Section I of the poetry has Three pairs [ ing ] , section II of the poem has three pairs [ ei ] and the third quarter has three pairs [ i : ].3.John Donne A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning•What is a “valediction” any way? Is the speaker in the poem about to die? Why does the speaker forbid mourning?No, it is about the lovers’ separation. As the poem metaphors, the poet believed he and his wife’s love is sacred, he didn’t hope they cry when separation comes, let their love be stained by the’s death metaphor for lovers’ separation, in the third verse he used “moving of the earth” and “trepidation of the spheres” metaphor for lovers’separation and the result of separation, in the last three verse he used stiff twin compasses’ two legs metaphor for poet himself and his wife. All these metaphors show poet opinion that he will separate from his wife in peace, their love is a scared love, when they away from each other, they will not be hurt by the pain of the separation. He and his wife will not really separate. They care about each other and listen to the other one’s heart, their trust and loyalty makes their love perfect like the circle made by a twin compasses.4.William Blake The Tiger•What is the symbolic meaning of the tiger?The symbol of the Tiger is unclear what it exactly symbolizes, but scholars have hypothesized that the Tiger could be inspiration, the divine, artistic creation, history, the sublime, or vision itself.The list is almost infinite. The point is, the Tiger is important, and Blake’s poem barely limits the possibilities. Here are two major symbolisms:The tiger is the embodiment of God's power in creation.The tiger shows the force of French Revolution.•What paradox can you find in the poem?"Did he who made the Lamb make thee?" It challenges the one-track religious views of the 18’s century. The view only concluded that god create the lame, he is so kind a father. But it didn’t know god also create the tough tiger. He can also be very serious. The god is someone who can’t be truly understood by human beings.5.Robert Burns A Red, Red Rose•How dose the narrator in the love song express his love?In stanza 1, the narrator presents two similes, the first comparing his love to a rose and the second comparing his love to a melody.In stanza 2, the narrator addresses the young lady as bonnie. In the last line of the stanza, he presents hyperbole, a figure of speech that exaggerates.In stanza 3, the man promises eternal love for her.In stanza 4, the poet vows to love her however far he may go.•Why is this poem so touching to the readers?Because this poem professes the poet’s true love for his beloved girl, and uses the mentioned above to touch the readers.6.William Wordsw orth I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud•What does the poet see?He sees some daffodils.•What is the poet’s mood before he sees the daffodils?Vacant and pensive.•What is the poet’s mood after he sees the daffodils?He is very pleasant.•How does the magical change occur?Those daffodils show a fantastic picture to the poet, and the poet has been deeply affected by the scene, and his mood changes.•What is the theme of the poem? Or what does the poet want to tell you?It shows the beauty of nature, and the nature’s beauty uplifts the human spirit, and the harmony between human and nature.7.Robert Browning My Last Duchess• 1. In this poem, who and on what occasion is speaking to whom?The Duke is the speaker of the poem, and tells us he is entertaining an emissary who has come to negotiate the Duke’s marriage (he has recently been widowed) to the daughter of another powerful family.•What sort of person is the Duke’s last Duchess?She is kind, easy-going, innocent and lively.• And what became of her in the end?She became very upset and worrying. The duchess died under suspicious circumstances on April 21, 1561, just two years after he married her. She may have been poisoned.• 2. What sort of person is the Duke?He is outrageously arrogant, narrow-minded, selfish, hypocritical, cold-blooded, crucial, greedy and treacherous.8.Walt Whitman O Captain! My Captain!•Q:Walt Whitman’s poem “O Captain! My Captain!” is written in the form of an allegory. What is the overall connotative meaning in the poem?A: Ship’s implied meaning is America; My captain’ implied meaning is Abraham Lincoln who leaded America to triumph in American Civil War then; our fearful trip’s implied meaning is American Civil War after which Lincoln was assassinated. In this poem author spoken highly of Lincoln’ contribution and expressed his sorrow for Lincoln’ death.9.Emily Dickinson (1)Success is counted sweetest (67)•According to the poem, who can understand success most? Do you agree or not with the poet’s view that “Success is counted sweetest bythose who ne’er succeed”?The person who best understands the meaning of success is the person who fails•What sort of feelings does the poet show toward the victor and the defeated?The poet shows her awareness of the complicated truths of human desire. Success can be comprehended by someone who need it; the defeated, dying man understand victory more clearly than the victorious army does.(2)Because I could not stop for Death (712)•How many people are there in the carriage? And where are they going right now?There are three in the carriage, the Poet, Death, and Immortality.•Where did they pass? What can these places remind us of?They passed the school, the fields of Gazing grain, the Setting Sun.It reminds us of childhood, maturity and old age, the children are evident symbols of the beginning of things, the grain rip of the adulthood, and the sun setting of the rest of the days.•What is the poet’s attitude toward death and life implied in the poem?The poet’s attitude is that death is nothing to be forced since it is natural part of the endless cycle of nature, it’s only the beginning ;to die is to go on another journey, although death takes one away from the earthy world ;there is still something to look forward to when one dies, death means eternity.10.Robert Frost Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening•Why did the speaker stop?Literally he was fascinated by the beautiful night scene and stoped his horse to watch the woods fill up with the snow,it was also a little break for the long travel. But in fact,it's symbolism,the 'woods' stands for the nature,the 'village' stands for the human world, 'horse' for the animal world. The poem represents a moment of relaxation from the burdensome journey of life, an almost aesthetic enjoyment and appreciation of natural beauty which is wholesome and restorative against the chaotic existence of modern man.•Why did he later decide to go?As the last sentence said 'But I have promises to keep,And miles to go before I sleep.'His 'horse' shake the bell to ask if they should go,which is actuallya symbol of vitality, urges him to go. He lives in the real life,and he has his own obligation "promise to keep',he hasn't achieve it, so he must go on his trip,leave the beautiful scene.Though the scene is so amazing,he has to have the real life. Though the reallife is so hard,he must back to it,and reach his goal. One leaves no regrets after he dies, as long as one has reached his goal.•What is your understanding of “promises to keep”?“The promise” could be an obligation or a goal. One cannot die before fulfilling one’s dream. The poet uses “sleep” to represent death, just as we usually do. People have their own dream or goal,it's also the duty for us to finish, we live for ourselves and we make life wonderful by keeping on reaching our goal,no regrets leaves as long as we have reached our goals.11. Ezra Pound In a Station of the MetroPart Two: English Fiction12. Jonathan Swift Gulliver’s Travels●In this chapter, Swift describes the smallness of the Lilliputians.What does this “smallness” imply in the author’s satire of the aristocratic bourgeois society of the time?Key: The Lilliput scene depicted in the first volume of the novel is a microcosm of the British Empire. The perennial endless struggle between UK Tories and Whigs and external war are essentially just politicians intrigue in the section has nothing to do with the national economy and the people's livelihood. The “smallness” imply that …●What is the cause of the civil strife and war between Lilliput andthe neighbouring empire of Blefuscu? What is the target of the author’s satire?(1)Key: The parties are divided as high-heeled party and low-heeled partyaccording to the height of the heel. The relationship between parties is irreconcilable; Neighboring countries not only want to conquer and enslave the other, but also argue about trifles such as which head we should knock when we will eat eggs .(2) Key: The author uses irony and innuendo tactics to reflect the British social contradictions among first half of the 18th century, to criticize the British parliamentary politics and reactionary religious forces, to expose the corruption and evil of the ruling clique, and to criticize the hazards of a war of aggression and colonialism.13Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice1.Do you agree with the statement “it is truth universally acknowledgedthat a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want ofa wife”? What is the relationship between money and marriage? Key: (1) I agree with this statement. In my view, a bachelor who has lots of money is supposed to have a wife to company him. The amount of money demonstrates the ability of a person. The beauties and the wits should come together.(2)First, the relationship between marriage and money is very close; we can say that the money is the basis of marriage. This is just from thematerial conditions of life. However, the amount of money can’t measure the quality of marriage. A determinant of marriage is the couple's feelings, and if the lack of the feelings, life is not a happy marriage even though has more money.2.What do you think of Mrs. Bennet? How can you characterize her? Key: (1) Mrs. Bennet - a foolish, noisy woman whose only goal in life is to see her daughters married. Because of her low breeding and often unbecoming behavior, Mrs. Bennet often repels the very suitors whom she tries to attract for her daughters.(2) Mrs. Bennet is a miraculously tiresome character, who is noisy and foolish. And Mrs. Bennet is totally obedient and submissive in her marriage. Mrs. Bennet is a self-centered woman with the attitude that whatis good enough for her is good enough for her children.14. Emily Bronte Wuthering Heights1.What is the main plot of the whole novel? What causes the tragic endingof the love between Heathcliff and Catherine? Would it have been possible, under the circumstances, for the victimized lovers to finda way out?Key:Novel’s theme is vengeance. Katherine's character flaws is the root causes of the tragedy, Heathcliff to lost love human distortion conducteda series of revenge activities, the capitalist society for the generation of tragedy provides fertile soil. If Heathcliff get marry with Katherine, they’ll be happiness.2.Is Heathcliff’s revenge upon the Earnshaw and Linton familiesjustifiable? What is the author’s attitude toward Heathcliff, judging from the final futility of the revenge?Key: For the vengeance of the people is right .but it’s wrong in law. It’s love, but Heathcliff’s love is crazy.15. Kate Chopin The Story of an Hour•What kind of character is Louise Mallard?Key: Mrs. Mallard is a sympathetic character with strength and insight.• What are the themes of this short story?Key: It’s mainly about the awakening of feminine awareness and the fruitless struggle of women for freedom in a man-centered world. It is about marriage bondages and celibacy freedom.•What do “heart trouble” and “the open window” symbolize? Key: (1) heart trouble symbolizes(2) the open window symbolizes16. Earnest Hemingway Hills like White Elephants• 1. What is a “white elephant ”according to the dictionary definition? What does a “white elephant” symbolize in the story?(1) Key: a: a property requiring much care and expense and yieldinglittle profitb : an object no longer of value to its owner but of value toothersc : something of little or no value(2)Key: The woman is pregnant, and the White Elephant is a hint of thebody of the women. The fact that the two. This matter becomes a heavy burden for the two people.• 2. List the evidence that tells what kind of operation Jig is confronting. How risky is it physically and emotionally?(1) evidence:1. 'It's really an awfully simple operation, Jig,' the man said.'It's not really an operation at all.'2.'I know you wouldn't mind it, Jig. It's really not anything. It'sjust to let the air in.'3. 'They just let the air in and then it's all perfectly natural.'4. 'I know we will. Yon don't have to be afraid. I've known lots of people that have done it.'5. 'But I know it's perfectly simple.'(2) Key:1.Do affect her health, result that the body is badly weakened andbe reduced immunity in the aspect of physical.2. Do be Frustrated, empty and depressed mood which leads to thatshe can not be quiet in the aspect of emotion.• 3. Has Jig made up her mind to do the operation?Key: The question about whether to do an abortion, the article comesa stop suddenly at the end. So we can’t make sure whether Jig has madeup her mind to do the operation.• 4. If the operation is something already decided on, then what upsets Jig? What is the real conflict between the couple?Key: (1) She worries that she could not get happiness as before with the man. She upsets that he would leave her for ever.(2) The real conflict between the couple is that whether the manlikes the women from the deep heart and their attitudes towards life.• 5. What kind of girl is Jig? How is their relation like? Does the American love Jig?Key: (1) She is restless and confused and longing for the deeper love from the man.(2) There could be many situations: first, a married man compelshis lover to have a abortion; second, as a bachelor, he worries the baby would make his life be complex and so on.(3) Because of the various situations, we could not make anaccurate conclusion that the man loves Jig. However, on some degree the man loves the woman by analyzing the conversation between them.• 6. What is Hemingway’s style?Key: Hemingway’s style is laconic. The characteristic is reflected in thatWhen writing, he is very clear what kind of content could pit one against ten. It is both an immediate situation and also containing other deeper meanings, which can be informed in the way of exploring something by the readers.17.William Faulkner A Rose for Emily• 1. What is the meaning of the title?Key: A rose is a funeral flower. It’s author’s tribute to Emily, and also to south, Emily is the symbol. And it has an ironic meaning to this story.• 2. What kind of woman is Miss Emily?Key: She is embodiment of south, the old and traditional, also obstinate, resists to change anything ,a determined，dignified, valiant and literate woman.• 3. How did the townspeople think of her?Key: The townspeople had mixed feelings— she was “dear inescapable, impervious, tranquil”, and perverse. Also she was always expected to bring honor to the town and set a good example for the young.• 4. What is the symbolic meaning of Emily’s house?Key: Emily’s house, like Emily herself, is a monument, the only remaining emblem of a dying world of southern aristocracy, also represents alienation and death.• 5. What is special about the narration of this story?Key: The writing style of the novel is using flashbacks and narration interspersed with flashbacks. The author let us know the independent but closely related events skillfully under the premise of being not exposed the true intentions, which makes us draw attention to the development of the plot without boring.Part Three: English Drama18. William Shakespeare Hamlet, Prince of Denmark• 1. Why does sleep appear to be so fearful for Hamlet even though it can put an end to the numerous headaches in our life?Key: As described in the text, Hamlet thinks that sleep is different from death. Death means the end of life, you may go to the unknown world and you can’t comeback. If he dies, Hamlet can’t realize his will. Sleep can’t end the heartache and the thousand natural shocks. He can’t revenge and get relief through this way. He is frightened by the possible suffering in the long “dream”. He can’t predict what will happen in the sleep, may be good or evil.• 2. Why would most people prefer to bear all the sufferings in life rather than choose death as a means to end them?Key: 1. As it goes that ‘Adversity makes growth’, by solving the problems we can acknowledge plenty of skills and overcome the sufferings in life. If we choose death as a means to end them, it is too passive for us toface the obstacles in life, which will lead to the failure in life.2. Because people hold the same idea "to grunt and sweat under a wearylife, but that the dread of something after death-the undiscovered country, form whose bourn no traveler returns-puzzle the will, and make us rather bear those ills we have than fly to others that we don’t know.”People also are frightened by the myths in another world after death.Romeo and Juliet•What does it mean when Juliet says “That which we call a rose / By my other name would smell as sweet”?Key:In Shakespeare's time, name on behalf of their family, and his family represents the social status. And personal just only on behalf of their inner identity.And Juliet says strongly reflects her humanist outlook on life and the concept of the ideal.19. Oscar Wilde The Importance of Being Earnest1.How do you understand the title of the play? What is your impressionof Gwendolen? What are the most striking traits in Lady Bracknell’s character?(1) Key: Here is a pun. It’s important to be a serious man. And the author wants to satirize the triviality with which it treats institutions as serious as marriage, and the resulting satire of Victorian ways. (2) Key: She advocates sincere, do be intelligent and friendly, and is able to forgive the mistakes of others. She do be a earnest person. (3) Key: Lady Bracknell embodies the stereotype of the Victorian English aristocrat woman. She belongs to aristocratic society and is a typical Victorian snob, who is arrogant, formal and concerned with money. She is interested only in a materialistic world.20. Eugene O’Neill The Hairy Ape1.Yank assumes more than once the posture of Rodin’s “The Thinker”in the play. What does it have to do with the play’s motif and tone?What are the major images and symbols employed in the play to dramatize the theme?(1) Key: 1. The themes of this article are modern man loses his sense of belonging under technological progress and humanity is in a predicament by creating a world he does not belong to.2. The Thinker is often painful, which demonstrates the profoundly tragic matter of modern people like Yank: he is thinking and looks forward to a better life, but he doesn’t find the answer. In O'Neill’s opinion, there exists no answer. Therefore, he is destined to be a loser.3. In summary, the description of his behavior makes the theme more significant.2.Why do you think the play is subtitled “A Comedy of Ancient and ModernLife in Eight Scenes”？Key: 1. The hairy ape is a comedy of ancient and modern life which showsO'Neill's social concern for the oppressed industrial working class. It presents an extremely negative view of the state, of mechanized America, where the worker best adjusted to the system is a “hairy ape,” and where the “Capitalist class” is even more terribly dehumanized , for it has lost all connection with life , is simply “a procession of gaudy marionettes.”2. The play was created in 20th century when western people suffered unprecedented intellectual crisis. Human beings lost their absolute value, which made people fall into confusion and desperation. Besides, man’s desire to emotions was ignored in the rapid development of technology. People put existence of individuality first at that time.3. Numerous obstacles and frustrations occur in the way of Yank’s seeking for his position, which reflects survival crisis of most modern people. The more people think about, the clearer people realize about freedom.。
英美文学练习题3
练习3Blanks:1.Before the civil war broke out, the various classes in England soon split up intotwo camps led by __parliment___ and _king_____.2.__ The Pilgrim Progress ______ gives a vivid and satirical description of VanityFair which is the symbol of London at the time of Restoration.3.____John Buyan_____ wrote his masterpiece The Pilgrim Progress during hissecond imprisonment.4.John Dryden wrote many works on literary criticism, and has been regarded as theearliest literary critic of real importance in the history of English literature. The famous piece is An Essay of Dramatic Poetry. He has been called __father of ehglish prose__.5.___All for Love_____ is Dryden’s tragedy based on the story of Antony andCleopatra under the influence of Shakespeare’s tragedy Antony and Cleopatra. 6.The __Enlightement movement______ was a progressive intellectual movementthroughout Western Europe in the 18th century.7.The main literary stream of the 18th century was _realism______, what the writerdescribed were mainly social realities.8.Generally speaking, English literature of the 18th century may be divided intothree periods. The first period was characterized by the neo-classicism, of which __Alexander pope___ was the representative poet.9.__ Robert Burns _____ is undoubtedly the greatest poet Scotland has everproduced. His Poem Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect is of great significance.10._Jonathan swift ______ was the most remarkable satirist in the 18th century whocriticized the new bourgeois-aristocratic society of his age without mercy.11.The enlighteners believed that reason should be the only basis of one’s thinkingand action. That is why the 18th century in England has been called __the age of reason______.12.Alexander Pope’s __An Essay on criticism____ was a comprehensive studytheories of literary criticism.13.The literary form of neo-classicism is of the strict symmetry. The prevailing genreof neo-classical literature is _heroic couplet_______ which consists of two rhyming lines of iambic pentameter and the second line completes the thoughts expressed by the couplet.14.___ An Essay on man_________ is Alexander Pope’s poem which indicates thepoet’s political and philosophical viewpoint. It deals with man’s relation to the universe, to society, to himself and to happiness.15.__ An Essay on criticism _________was a manifesto of English neo-classicism inwhich Alexander Pope put forward his aesthetic theories. It was a comprehensive study of theories of literary criticism.16.As a poet, William Blake’s fame has been chiefly resting upon two volumes ofpoems, __songs of innocence________ and The Songs of Experience.17.Samuel Johnson compiled _a dictionary of the ehglish language_______ whichbecame the foundation of all the subsequent English dictionaries.18.Lives of the Poets was one of __samuel johnson_______’s main works, whichconsists of some of the best-known pictures of the early English poets.19.Thomas Gray’s highly-praised poem __Elegy written _in a _countrychurchyard____ shows the poet’s sympathy for the poor, and condemns the great ones who despise the poor and bring sufferings to the common people.20.In the last twenty years of the 18th century, England produced two well-knownromantic poets. They are William Blake and __robert burns______.21.__ robert burns _____ wrote some patriotic poems, in which he expressed his deeplove for his motherland, such as My Heart’s in the Highland.22.Daniel Defoe’s masterpiece is ___Robinson Crusoe______.23.Jonathan Swift’s masterpiece is __Gulliver’s Travels______.24.In the first part of Robinson Crusoe, the hero saved a savage and named him__Friday____.25.The writer of The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling is _Henry Fielding______.26.Henry Fielding’s masterpiece is __Tom Jones___, which gives us a vivid andtruthful panoramic picture of the 18th century England.27.__Jonathan swift_______ ranks among the greatest satirists of England, and of theworld. A Modest Proposal is one of his satirical works.28.In _songs of experience________, we find particularly Blake’s hate of the churchand the clergy. In the poem A Little Boy Lost, he attacks religious persecution.T/F1.With the establishment of the bourgeois dictatorship, CharlesⅡ(cromwell)became the Protector of the English Commonwealth. F2.The main literary form in literature of Revolution Period is drama (poetry). F3.The Pilgrim’s Progress is one of the most popular pieces of Christian writingproduced during the Romantic(puritan) Age. F4.Gulliver’s Travel(the pilgrim’s progress) gives a vivid and satirical picture ofVanity Fir which is the symbol of London at the time of Restoration. F5.In his An Essay of Dramatic Poetry, John Bunyan(john dryden) showed hisfamous appreciation of Shakespeare. F6.Dryden wrote about 27 plays. The famous one is Venus and Adonis(all for love), atragedy dealing with the same story as Shakespeare’s Antony and Cleopatra. F7.The main literary achievement of the 17th century lies in the poetry of John Milton,in the prose writing of John Bunyan, and in the plays and literary criticism of Samuel Johnson(john dryden). F8.The Enlightenment was a progressive intellectual movement throughout WesternEurope in the 17(18)th century. F9.Novel writing made a big advance in the 18th century. The main characters in thenovels were no longer common people(the kings and nobles), but the kings and nobles(common people). F10.In the 18th century English literature, the representative writer ofpre-romanticism(neo-classicism) is Alexander Pope. F11.The enlighteners intended to reform social life according to a more reasonableprinciple, though this principle could never go beyond the limit of feuda(capital)l interests. F12.Alexander Pope translated the entire Illiad and half of the Odyssey in blankverse(herotic couplet). F13.A Tale of a Tub (the battle of book)is mainly an attack on pedantry in the literaryworld of the time, in which the reader is told the story of the Bee and Spider. F 14.In the last part of Gulliver’s Travels, the satire is of the bitterest. Gulliver was nowin a country where the Yahoos(horses) were possessed of reason, and were the governing class. F15.Henry Fielding(johnthan swift) is a master satirist, and his irony is deadly. But hissatire is masked by an outward gravity, and apparent calmness conceals his bitter irony. This makes his satire all the more powerful, as shown in his A Modest Proposal. F16.Robert Burns is remembered mainly for his songs written in the English(scotish)dialect on a variety of subjects. F17.Towards the end of 18th century, there were two best pre-romantic poets in Englishliterature. They were William Blake and Thomas Gray(robert burns). F18.In the first part of Robinson Crusoe(gulliver’s travels), the hero is cast upon theshore of the island of Lilliput. F19.The Play(novel) Tom Jones is Henry Fielding’s masterpiece. F20.My Heart’s in the Highland is one of the best known poems written by WilliamBlake(robert burns) in which he poured his unshakable love for his homeland. F Questions:1.Make an introduction of The Pilgrim’s Progress.2.Summarize the story of Gulliver’s Travels.3.What are the features of Robert Burns’s poetry?4.How much do you know about the Neoclassicism?。
(完整word版)英美文学练习题3
练习3Blanks：1.Before the civil war broke out， the various classes in England soon split up intotwo camps led by __parliment___ and _king_____.2.__The Pilgrim Progress______ gives a vivid and satirical description of Vanity Fairwhich is the symbol of London at the time of Restoration。
3.____John Buyan_____ wrote his masterpiece The Pilgrim Progress during his secondimprisonment。
4.John Dryden wrote many works on literary criticism， and has been regarded as theearliest literary critic of real importance in the history of English literature.The famous piece is An Essay of Dramatic Poetry。
He has been called __father of ehglish prose__。
5.___All for Love_____ is Dryden’s tragedy based on the story of Antony and Cleopatraunder the influence of Shakespeare's tragedy Antony and Cleopatra。
6.The __Enlightement movement______ was a progressive intellectual movement throughoutWestern Europe in the 18th century。
英美概况(一)18春在线作业1答案1
C.national
D.boarding
正确答案:B
10.Afterthecloseofthewar,twenty-sevenvictoriousnations(includingChina)attended()onJanuary18th,1919.
A.theLondonConference
A.theCeltics
B.theVikings
C.theGermans
D.Saxons
正确答案:D
14.In1455theDukeofYorktriedtodisplacetheLancasterKing,andthewarsofthe()brokeout．
A.Flowers
B.Roses
C.year
A.man-made
B.artificial
C.test
D.testtube
正确答案:D
5.TheCrownisusedasa()andisdescribedastherepresentativeofthepeople.
A.sign
B.treasure
C.symbol
D.decoration
正确答案:C
6.Britain'smaincerealcropis().
A.rice
B.barley
C.wheat
D.corn
正确答案:B
7.BeforeWorldWarIItheindustrialstructureoftheUnitedKingdomwasbasedlargelyon()developedinthe19thcentury.
D.Washington
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判例：1、纽本诉玛斯本等案（1984）原告与克瑞金订立合同购买“约克车行”建造的汽车，克未交货，纽本认为被告与克同为车行合伙人，因其向车行无息投入了8.5万美元，并以为车行购买元件和设备的方式参与了经营，并取得利润。
被告认为该8.5万美元是贷款，取得的则是劳务报酬。
法院判决被告败诉，因为贷款的还款量和还款时间应该是固定的，而不应等到汽车销售时；劳务报酬也应该是定时定量支付的。
被告资金的投入或取得不具备贷款和劳务报酬的特征，故被告应被视为合伙人。
2、银行诉帕哈姆医疗协会案（1995）被告是一合伙组织，原告向被告提供了200万美元分期贷款，在知悉贷款未还清的情况下，H等三人仍然加入了此合伙组织。
后合伙组织变卖财产外，仍有原告120万美元的债务无法清偿，原告便将包括H等三人在内的所有合伙人作为共同被告。
美国法院判决，鉴于贷款协议签订于H等三人加入之前，该三位新合伙人对原告的责任仅限于合伙财产。
3、印度博帕尔惨案1984年12月3日，印度中央邦首府博帕尔市的美资联合碳化物印度有限公司（美国联合碳化物公司的印度子公司）所属的工厂储存的甲基异氰酸盐的金属罐泄漏，致使当地居民2000多人丧生，严重受害者达3－4万人，其余受害者达52万人。
某些受害人的代理人和印度政府就赔偿提起诉讼，认为美国联合碳化物公司负有不可推卸的责任，因工厂由其设计，储气设备设计不科学，又没有安装美国同类工厂安装的应急预警计算机系统，且公司从未就这种剧毒气体的危险性向附近居民发出过警告。
且甲基异氰酸盐这种剧毒气体只能少量储存，但美国联合碳化物公司仍不顾当地公司负责人警告决定在博帕尔大量储存。
揭开公司面纱4、蒂格瑞特诉鲍英特案原告在为海瑞特建筑公司作工时受伤，4月以该公司为被告要求获得工伤赔偿金。
5月1日，公司的经理兼唯一股东鲍英特以减少公司对自己的负债为由将公司所有的财产转让给自己，同一天又将该笔财产贷给自己的另一家公司。
当法院判决海瑞特建筑公司付给原告2万美元补偿时已无法执行，原告转而控告公司财产的受让人鲍英特和该另一家公司。
初审法院认为，公司承担有限责任，被告对该公司债务没有责任。
上诉法院改判，认为作为海瑞特公司的唯一经理和持股人的被告滥用了权利，损害了原告和其他债权人的利益，应当揭开公司面纱，被告应对原告承担责任。
5、库帕诉弗克斯案1981年11月，被告代表正在筹建中的弗克斯和帕特斯公司（下简称公司）聘请库帕为公司提供财务服务，原告也知公司尚未成立。
1981年12月4日，公司正式成立，原告也完成了服务，但该公司拒绝支付报酬。
原告便控告被告违约。
初审法院以被告在合同中并未同意个人付报酬而判决原告败诉。
上诉法院改判，理由是被告不能作为一个未成立的“本人”的代表签约，合同对“本人”无约束力，且被告在合同中没有订立合同不执行时不得追究其个人责任的免责条款。
原告业已完成被告规定的工作，且报酬要求合理。
6、克里林凯诉朗杰瑞案原告和被告均为一家提供空中出租服务的柏林空中有限责任公司的股东兼董事。
1977年，该公司与几家旅行社恰订为德国旅客提供服务的合同，未成。
1978年6月，被告获悉那几家旅行社可能愿意缔约，同年7月7日，被告便合并了ABC空中出租公司并成为其唯一股东。
8月20日，ABC公司向上述几家旅行社要约，经谈判9月1日达成合同。
法院认为被告违背了其对柏林公司的诚信义务，而将该公司的业务转给了ABC公司。
7、诺蒙塞诉高邓案原告是一名经特许的不动产经纪人，被告聘用原告为经纪人为其约181英亩的土地寻找买主。
原告获悉该地低价会迅速飚升，决定自己买下该土地，被告也同意以800美元／英亩的价格卖给原告，双方还签署了书面转让协议。
但在执行该协议前，被告以同样价格将土地卖给了第三人。
与此同时，原告也寻找到了一位同意以1250美元／英亩价格购入土地的买主。
原告因此诉诸法院，要求被告赔偿9万多美元的价差。
德州上诉法院认为，当代理人在代理协议中具有个人利益而违背其对被代理的诚信义务时，只要被代理人不完全知道该代理人有关利益的所有事实，被代理人即有权撤销合同。
原告作为代理人有义务披露其所知的一切影响被告决定的信息，未作披露即违背了诚信义务，被告有权撤销合同。
8、格瑞文思诉主动主人保险公司案（1996）原告为其生意向被告购买了2万美元保险金额的盗窃险保单，其后一窃贼光顾，原告的损失超过2万美元。
原告雇用了一名律师向被告索赔，但并没有与该律师商定赔偿数额。
当该律师与被告达成1.8万美元赔偿和解协议时，原告拒绝承认这一协议，并向印第安纳州法院起诉。
该州上诉法院最后判定，被告与原告第一次聘请的律师所达成的赔偿协议无效，理由是在法律代理服务业中，委托人对律师和解授权条款中一般暗示着最终的和解方案必须征得原告的同意，除非有明示的相反约定。
9、E公司诉R公司案E公司授权R公司从波兰购买一批皮货。
由于爆发二次大战，在无法与E公司取得联系的情况下，R公司卖出该批皮货并将所得价款以E公司名义存入银行。
二战后，皮货价格猛涨。
E公司指控R公司未经授权出售货物是侵权行为，要求R公司赔偿，R公司则以存在客观需要的授权作为抗辩。
英国法院认为，皮货并不是一种不易保存或经储存即大大减损其价值的物品，因此不能认为被告有客观需要的代理权，被告应对其越权行为所造成的原告损失负责。
10、瑞福斯诉维切豪斯案原被告签订了一份买卖从孟买出发的一艘叫“peerless”船舶上棉花的合同，原告期望卖的是12月份从孟买出发的“peerless”上的棉花，被告则期望买10月份从孟买出发的“peerless”上的棉花。
当原告试图以“peerless”后一期运输的棉花交付被告时，遭到被告拒绝。
英国法院认为，原、被告之间不存在有约束力的合同，因为双方对基本条款有不同理解，属于对事实的共同误解，任一方当事人都不受合同约束。
11、沃科斯诉亚森公司案原告1961年受邀参加被告组织的舞会，其后即去被告所办的学校学习，该校老师对原告大加赞美，称其具有“优秀舞蹈家”的潜质。
六个月内原告多次参加舞蹈训练，前后共花去3万多美元。
当原告明白自己不具有“优秀舞蹈家”的潜质后，便以欺诈为由诉诸法院。
美国法院认为，虚假陈述通常指对事实的不正确说明而不是观点，但具有优越知识当事人的陈述即使按公平交易条件视为观点的陈述也可以视为对事实的陈述，原告因此有权撤销合同。
12、奥茨加有限公司诉威廉姆案（1965）原告是一家专业汽车交易商。
被告将其车子卖给原告，并称该车是1948年车型，而该车实际是1939年车型。
当原告了解真相后，便以被告作出欺诈性陈述为由要求赔偿。
英国法院认为，原告是一家专门的汽车交易商，在了解真相方面和被告处于同样良好甚至更好的位置，因此原告相信被告的陈述是违背合理常情的，原告的赔偿请求不予支持。
13、北大西洋船舶公司诉海威汀造船厂案（1978）被告同意按某一价格为原告建造一艘船舶，但在交付前被告要求加付10％的款项。
鉴于急需船舶，原告被迫同意加价。
船舶交付后，原告继续付款直至原合同价款和被迫同意追加的款项全部付清。
后来，原告以胁迫为由，向法院提出撤销加价承诺，要求被告返还多收的价款。
英国法院认为，交付船舶后，被告不再拥有胁迫手段，而原告仍然将加价部分付清，这一事实表明，原告以默示方式放弃了行使对加价合同的撤销权。
14、A与B买卖合同纠纷案由于土耳其垄断供应者撕毁合同，卖方A无法得到货物向买方B支付，卖方便以无过错履约不可能为由主张免除违约责任。
英国法官认为，卖方应对买方承担违约赔偿责任，至于土耳其垄断供应者撕毁合同一事，应由买方决定是否追究及如何追究违约责任。
15、西路咖啡公司诉莱特努案原告作为提单受让人购买了1710吨巴西咖啡。
在一位政府官员监督下，这批咖啡装封于6个集装箱并加锁，存于装运港仓库，然后装于被告船上。
被告签发了已装船提单，但没有清点箱数。
在提单的未知条款中，被告声称集装箱“据说装入”托运人描述数量和种类的货物并由托运人点数和装载。
船到纽约经原告检验短少419箱大约20吨咖啡。
被告以提单未知条款抗辩。
美国法院认为提单中列出的数量已构成被告装运所有咖啡的初步证据，被告除非证明自己在整个过程中没有任何过失，不可能发生盗窃，否则应当承担责任。
16、托运人诉阿德里斯船舶所有人案原、被告在运输合同中约定，被告应在1947年12月1日英国提高进口税以前把一批柑桔运到英国。
但船舶首先开到安特卫普港，12月4日才到达伦敦。
原告要求赔偿损失，被告辩称提单中载有通常条款，规定承运人可以随意经过任何航线把货物直接或间接运至目的港。
英国法官认为运输合同中的明示担保使得被告不能享有提单中的自由，提单中的相反条款无效。
17、某古董商诉美国X保险公司案原告以6.5万美元购得古董一批，然后以3.5万美元向英国一保险公司投保运往西欧某国的一切险，被拒保。
原告转向被告投保并获得了保险单。
在运途中，船货沉没，被告拒赔。
法院判被告胜诉，理由是原告未履行其诚信披露义务，披露被拒保的事实。
18、考克斯沃德油轮案考克斯沃德油轮在政府控制下运送石油，驶往海军基地那耶克，并由四艘军舰护航。
途中忽得情报，有一敌潜艇可能来袭，于是油轮改变航线。
由于大雾迷航，油轮出礁沉没。
法院认为近因是战争危险，应由承保战争险得政府兵险集团负责。