学术英语(社科)_Unit_1含答案

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学术英语(社科)Unit1-8 Text A译文

学术英语(社科)Unit1-8 Text A译文

学术英语课文翻译Unit1人们如何做出决策理性的人认为在保证金1.经济学家通常假设人是理性的。

理性的人们系统地,有目的地做最好的,他们可以实现他们的目标,考虑到可用的机会。

当你学习经济学,你会遇到公司决定雇佣多少工人,有多少他们的产品生产和销售利润最大化。

你也会遇到那些决定花多少时间工作和买什么商品和服务产生的收入来实现最高水平的满意度。

2.理性的人知道生活中的决策很少是黑白的,但通常是灰色的。

在吃饭的时候,你面对的不是空腹或是像猪一样进食,而是吃额外的一匙土豆泥。

当考试开始时,你的决定不是介于两者之间,而是让他们减少或学习一天24小时,而不是花更多的时间复习笔记而不是看电视。

经济学家用“边际变化”这个术语来描述对现有的行动计划的调整。

请记住,边际意味着“边缘如此边缘的变化是在你正在做的边缘周围的调整”。

理性的人往往通过比较边际收益和边际成本来做出决定。

3.例如,考虑一家航空公司决定向待机乘客收取多少费用。

假设撒德躺在横跨美国的200座飞机上,航空公司损失100,000英镑。

在这种情况下,每个座位的平均成本是1,000美元/ 200美元,这是500美元。

有人可能会得出这样的结论:航空公司不应该售出票价低于500美元的机票。

事实上,一家理性的航空公司通常可以通过考虑利润率来提高利润。

想象一下,一架飞机即将起飞,有10个空座位,候机旅客在门口等候,将支付300美元的座位。

航空公司应该把票卖掉吗?当然应该。

如果飞机有空座位,增加一个乘客的成本很小。

乘飞机的平均成本是S500,边际成本仅仅是额外的乘客将消耗的花生袋和苏打水的成本。

只要备用乘客支付超过边际成本,售票是有利可图的。

4.边际决策有助于解释一些令人费解的经济现象。

这里有一个经典的问题:为什么水这么便宜,而钻石这么贵?人类需要水来生存,而钻石是不必要的;但出于某种原因,人们愿意付出更多的钻石比一杯水。

原因是一个人愿意支付任何好处是基于一个额外单位的好处会产生边际效益。

学术英语(社科)-Unit1含答案ppt

学术英语(社科)-Unit1含答案ppt

Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Text A
Critical reading and thinking
What is the author trying to prove?
What is the author assuming I will agree with?
Do you agree with the author?
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Critical reading and thinking
Activities
Example 2: water vs. diamond
Why is water so cheap, while diamonds are so
expensive?
water
Necessary for survival
diamond
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Text A
Critical reading and thinking
Example 3: a seat belt law
American laws require seat belts as standard equipment on new cars.
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Text A
Key terms
marginal cost: 边际成本 the additional cost from an increase in an activity

学术综合英语unit1-unit5课后翻译及答案范文

学术综合英语unit1-unit5课后翻译及答案范文

Unit 1Outlines are essential to effective speeches.By outlining, you make sure that related ideas are together, that your thoughts flow from one to another, and that the structure of your speech is coherent. You will probably use two kinds of outlines for your speeches--the detailed preparation outline and the brief speaking outline.In a preparation outline, you should state your specific purpose and central idea, and identify main points and sub--points using a consistent pattern. The speaking outline should consist of brief notes to help you while you deliver the speech. It should contain key words or phrases to bolster your memory. In making up your speaking outline, follow the same visual framework used in your preparation outline. Keep the speaking outline as brief as possible and be sure it is plainly legible.发言提纲是有效发言的基础。

外研社学术英语(第二版)综合unit 1

外研社学术英语(第二版)综合unit 1

外研社学术英语(第二版)综合unit 11. 简介《外研社学术英语(第二版)综合unit 1》是外研社出版的一本学术英语教材。

本教材主要面向学术领域的英语学习者,旨在帮助他们提高英语语言能力,并更好地适应学术英语写作和口语表达的要求。

本文档将介绍《外研社学术英语(第二版)综合unit 1》的主要内容和特点,并给出一些学习该教材的建议。

2. 内容概述2.1 单元主题《外研社学术英语(第二版)综合unit 1》的主题是“学术生涯规划”。

通过该单元的学习,学习者将了解到学术研究的重要性以及规划自己的学术生涯的方法。

2.2 内容组织本教材以主题为线索,分为五个单元。

每个单元包含听力、口语、阅读和写作练习等多种学习活动,旨在全面提高学生的学术英语能力。

具体的内容组织如下:•单元一:学术生涯规划•单元二:学术论文写作•单元三:学术会议交流•单元四:学术团队合作•单元五:学术发表与出版每个单元的学习内容都根据学术英语的特点和需求进行设计,帮助学生系统学习学术英语的基本知识和技能。

3. 特点分析3.1 学术英语重点梳理《外研社学术英语(第二版)综合unit 1》对学术英语的重点进行了梳理。

教材中涵盖了学术写作、学术口语、学术阅读等方面的内容,具体到每个单元中的不同活动。

3.2 综合能力培养本教材通过对听、说、读、写等不同方面的训练,旨在综合培养学生的学术英语能力。

学生不仅可以提高英语水平,还能够逐步习得处理学术领域相关内容的能力。

3.3 案例分析与实践教材中穿插了丰富的学术案例分析和实践活动。

学生可以通过分析真实的学术案例来深入理解学术英语的要求和规范,并通过实践活动来提高自己的学术英语表达能力。

4. 学习建议4.1 认真阅读教材在学习《外研社学术英语(第二版)综合unit 1》时,要认真阅读教材中的每个单元,理解每个活动的目的和要求。

通过仔细阅读,可以更好地掌握学术英语的相关知识。

4.2 合理安排学习计划由于学术英语的学习需要时间和精力,建议学生合理安排学习计划,将每个单元的学习任务分解到每周或每天,以确保学习效果。

学术综合英语unit1-unit5课后翻译及答案

学术综合英语unit1-unit5课后翻译及答案

Unit 1Outlines are essential to effective speeches.By outlining, you make sure that related ideas are together, that your thoughts flow from one to another, and that the structure of your speech is coherent. You will probably use two kinds of outlines for your speeches--the detailed preparation outline and the brief speaking outline.In a preparation outline, you should state your specific purpose and central idea, and identify main points and sub--points using a consistent pattern. The speaking outline should consist of brief notes to help you while you deliver the speech. It should contain key words or phrases to bolster your memory. In making up your speaking outline, follow the same visual framework used in your preparation outline. Keep the speaking outline as brief as possible and be sure it is plainly legible.发言提纲是有效发言的基础。

学术英语(一)unit 1 重点词汇-PPT精品文档

学术英语(一)unit 1 重点词汇-PPT精品文档

prevalent adj.
Smoking is becoming increasingly prevalent among younger women. (抽烟在年轻女性中变得越来越常见。)
Discuss the words’ meaning 5.
hand over formally submit: ____________________________________ They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday but got no reply yet.
If you address a problem or task or if you address yourself to it, you try to understand it or deal with it.
e.g. You should seek to address those fears when you speak at the meeting. (在会上讲话时你应该尽量消除恐惧。) Throughout the book we have addressed ourselves to the problem of ethics. (整本书中我们都在探讨伦理观的问题。)
The next meeting will address the problem of truancy.
Discuss the words’ meaning 4.
the quality of existing very commonly or happening prevalence:_______________________________________ frequently ________________________________________________ The prevalence of drugs in the city is alaoverty. 流行; 盛行; 普遍; (疾病等的)流行程度 e.g. They were very surprised by the prevalence of asthma in Britain and western Europe. (他们对英国和西欧哮喘的流行感到很吃惊。)

学术英语之社科 Unit 1 Section B 翻译

学术英语之社科 Unit 1 Section B 翻译

New Airport Landing Fees Delayed机场降落收费新政策延期1the government has delayed by at last a month a plan to reduce congestion at the nation's airports following stiff resistance from airlines.受到航空公司的强烈反对,政府关于减轻国家机场的拥堵的计划,至少推迟了一个月。

2.A new federal policy allowing airports to charge higher landing fees during peak periods, and for other reasons, aims to reduce delays by encouraging airlines to spread their flights more evenly throughout the day .The policy which also encourages congested airports to include in landing fees the cost of expansion projects,had been scheduled to take effect in March,following a 45-day comment period.一项新的联邦政策允许机场在高峰期收取更高的降落费用,或因其它原因,旨在鼓励航空公司在一天内更均匀地安排航班起落以减少延误。

该政策还鼓励拥挤的机场将机场扩建项目的成本纳入到机场降落收费中。

此项政策原计划三月份生效,并设置了45天的征询意见期。

3.But airline trade groups, which oppose the plan,requested a 30-day extension of the comment period. Their request has been granted, a Transportation Department spokesman said Thursday.但是反对这项方案的航空公司贸易团体,要求将征询意见期延长30天。

学术英语课后答案unit1.docx

学术英语课后答案unit1.docx

学术英语理工教师手册Unit 1Choosing a TopicI Teaching ObjectivesIn this unit , you will learn how to:a particular topic for your researcha research questiona working title for your research essayyour language skills related with reading and listening materials presented in this unitII. Teaching Procedureson a topicTask 1Answers may vary.Task 21 No, because they all seem like a subject rather than a topic, a subject which cannot be addressed even by a whole book, let alone by a1500-wordessay.2Each of them can be broken down into various and more specific aspects. For example, cancer can be classified into breast cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer and so on.Breast cancer can have such specific topics for research as causes for breast cancer, effects of breast cancer and prevention or diagnosis of breast cancer.3 Actually the topics of each field are endless. Take breast cancer for example,we can have the topics like:Why Women Suffer from Breast Cancer More Than Men?A New Way to Find Breast TumorsSome Risks of Getting Breast Cancer in Daily LifeBreast Cancer and Its Direct Biological ImpactBreast Cancer—the Symptoms & DiagnosisBreastfeeding and Breast CancerTask 31 Text 1 illustrates how hackers or unauthorized users use one way or another toget inside a computer, while Text 2 describes the various electronic threats acomputer may face.2 Both focus on the vulnerability of a computer.3 Text 1 analyzes the ways of computer hackers, while Text 2 describes securityproblems of a computer.4 Text 1: The way hackers“get inside” a computerText 2: Electronic threats a computer facesYes, I think they are interesting, important, manageable and adequate.Task 41Lecture1:Ten Commandments of Computer EthicsLecture 2:How to Deal with Computer HackersLecture 3:How I Begin to Develop Computer Applications2Answersmay vary.Task 5Answers may vary.2 Formulating a research questionTask 1Text 3Research question 1: How many types of cloud services are there and what are they?Research question 2: What is green computing?Research question 3: What are advantages of the cloud computing?Text 4Research question 1: What is the Web ?Research question 2: What are advantages and disadvantages of the cloud computing? Research question 3: What security benefits can the cloud computing provide?Task 22 Topic2: Threats of Artificial IntelligenceResearch questions:1)What are the threats of artificial intelligence?2)How can human beings control those threats?3)What are the difficulties to control those threats?3 Topic3: The Potentials of NanotechnologyResearch questions:1)What are its potentials in medicine?2)What are its potentials in space exploration?3)What are its potentials in communications?4 Topic4: Global Warming and Its EffectsResearch questions:1)How does it affect the pattern of climates?2)How does it affect economic activities?3)How does it affect human behavior?Task 3Answers may vary.3 Writing a working titleTask 1Answers may vary.Task 21 Lecture 4 is about the security problems of cloud computing, while Lecture 5 isabout the definition and nature of cloud computing, hence it is more elementary than Lecture 4.2 The four all focus on cloud computing. Although Lecture 4 and Text 4 address thesame topic, the former is less optimistic while the latter has more confidence inthe security of cloud computing. Text 3 illustrates the various advantages of cloud computing.3 Lecture 4: Cloud Computing SecurityLecture 5: What Is Cloud Computing?Task 3Answers may vary.4 Enhancing your academic languageReading: Text 1the words with their definitions.1g 2a 3e 4b 5c 6d 7j 8f 9h 10iwords listed 2. Complete the following expressions or sentences by using the targetbelow with the help of the Chinese in brackets. Change the form if necessary.1 symbolic 2distributed3site4complex 5identify6fairly 7straightforward 8capability 9target10attempt11process 12parameter13interpretation14technical15range 16exploit17networking18involve19 instance 20specification 21accompany22predictable23profile3. Read the sentences in the box. Pay attention to the parts in bold.Now complete the paragraph by translating the Chinese in brackets. You may refer to the expressions and the sentence patterns listed above.ranging from(从⋯⋯到)arise from some misunderstandings leaves a lot of problems unsolved opens a path for(打开了通道)requires a different frame of mind (来自于⋯⋯ 解)(留下很多没有得到解决)(需要有新的思想)the following sentences from Text 1 into Chinese.1)有些人声称黑客是那些超越知疆界而不造成危害的好人(或即使造成危害,但并非故意而),而“ 客”才是真正的坏人。

研究生学术英语答案Unit 1

研究生学术英语答案Unit 1

___ F 1. The old woman came to the castle to send roses to the prince. T 2. The woman transformed the prince into a beast when ___ he turned her away. ___ F 3. With a powerful spell, the castle and all who lived there became beasts.
C) When the prince lost all of his hopes. D) When the prince met a young woman.
5. What does the rose symbolize?
A) Inner beauty. C) Life clock. √ B) Blood passion. D) True love.
Section A
Task 2
Part 2 Watching & Listening
Watch the clip again, focusing on the specific information and then decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T for true and F for false.
Unit 1 Beauty and the Beast
Introduction to Cartoon Films (1) Section A Focused Activities Section B Extended Activities
Introduction to Cartoon Films (1)

学术英语Unit1 练习答案

学术英语Unit1 练习答案

Unit 1 Choosing a Topic
1 Deciding on a topic
Enhancing your academic language
Translate the following sentences from Text 2 into Chinese.
4 间谍软件与垃圾邮件和钓鱼网络一起,构成了三个令人生 厌的互联网害虫。尽管有些程序可以通过入侵软件漏洞从 而进入电脑,但这些有害而秘密的程序通常会随着其他通 常是免费的应用软件侵入到计算机系统中。
the wedding 21 _a_c_c_o_m_p_a_n_y_ (陪伴) with her to watch movies

Unit 1 Choosing a Topic
1 Deciding on a topic
Enhancing your academic language
Complete the paragraph
Unit 1 Choosing a Topic
1 Deciding on a topic
Enhancing your academic language
Match the words with their definitions.
1 a(n) symbolic (象征的) gesture of love 2 The publisher distribute (分发) the book in Asia. 3 A “ site ” (地点) is a place, and so a website. 4 a(n) complex (复杂的) network of systems 5 be used to identify (识别) potential terrorists 6 deal the matter with him physically (完全地) 7 start with a pretty straightforward (直截了当) question 8 beyond the capability (功能) of the computers 9 hit the target (目标) at a distance 10 the person never attempt (尝试) to do anything more 11 a highly sophisticated process (过程)

学术综合英语罗立胜课后答案unit1P12

学术综合英语罗立胜课后答案unit1P12

学术综合英语罗立胜课后答案unit1P121、John will go home as soon as he _______ his work. [单选题] *A. finishB. will finishC. finishedD. finishes(正确答案)2、Tom is very _______. He never cleans his room. [单选题] *A. lazy(正确答案)B. activeC. shyD. healthy3、Last year Polly _______ an English club and has improved her English a lot. [单选题] *A. leftB. sawC. joined(正确答案)D. heard4、At last the plane landed at the Beijing Airport safely. [单选题] *A. 平稳地B. 安全地(正确答案)C. 紧急地D. 缓缓地5、Jim, it’s dark now. Please _______ the light in the room. [单选题] *A. turn on(正确答案)B. turn upC. turn offD. turn down6、I shall never forget the days()we worked on the farm. [单选题] *A. when(正确答案)B. whatC. whichD. on that7、34.My mother usually_______ much time shopping in the supermarkets on weekends. [单选题] *A.spends (正确答案)B.costsC.takesD.pays8、The trouble turned out to have nothing to do with them. [单选题] *A. 由…引发的B. 与…有牵连C. 给…带来麻烦D. 与…不相干(正确答案)9、6.Hi, boys and girls. How are you ________ your posters for the coming English Festival at school? [单选题] *A.getting onB.getting offC.getting with (正确答案)D.getting10、( ) ________ large the library is! [单选题] *A. WhatB. What aC. How(正确答案)D. How a11、He _______ walks to school, because he lives near school. [单选题] *A. sometimes(正确答案)B. neverC. doesn’tD. don’t12、Every year Carl _______ most of his time swimming, camping and traveling with his parents. [单选题] *A. is spendingB. spentC. will spendD. spends(正确答案)13、—Whose book is it? Is it yours?—No, ask John. Maybe it’s ______.()[单选题] *A. hersB. his(正确答案)C. he’sD. her14、2.I think Game of Thrones is ________ TV series of the year. [单选题] *A.excitingB.more excitingC.most excitingD.the most exciting (正确答案)15、Our school is beautiful. How about _______? [单选题] *A. theirs(正确答案)B. theirC. theyD. them16、In the closet()a pair of trousers his parents bought for his birthday. [单选题] *A. lyingB. lies(正确答案)c. lieD. is lain17、1.________my father ________ my mother is able to drive a car. So they are going to buy one. [单选题] *A.Neither; norB.Both; andC.Either; orD.Not only; but also(正确答案)18、Let us put the matter to the vote,()? [单选题] *A. will youB. can weC. may ID. shall we(正确答案)19、Tony is a quiet student, _______ he is active in class. [单选题] *A. soB. andC. but(正确答案)D. or20、86.—? ? ? ? ? ? ?will it take me to get to the Golden Street?—About half an hour. [单选题]* A.How farB.How long(正确答案)C.How oftenD.How much21、--Do you have a _______?--Yes, I _______ at a clothes store. [单选题] *A. work; workB. work; jobC. job; jobD. job; work(正确答案)22、They returned successfully from ______ moon to _____ earth. [单选题] *A. /; /B. /; theC. the; the(正确答案)D. the; /23、The Titanic is a nice film. I _______ it twice. [单选题] *A. sawB. seeC. have seen(正确答案)D. have saw24、Fresh _______ is good for our health. [单选题] *A. climateB. skyC. weatherD. air(正确答案)25、Mr. Bliss became the first person to die in a car accident. [单选题] *A. 事故(正确答案)B. 竞赛C. 检阅D. 交易26、75.Why not________ for a walk? [单选题] *A.go out(正确答案)B.to go outC.going outD.goes out27、His handwriting is better than _____. [单选题] *A. mine(正确答案)B. myC. ID. me28、She spoke with a strong Scottish()[单选题] *A. speechB. accent(正确答案)C.voiceD. sound29、—John, How is it going? —______.()[单选题] *A. It’s sunnyB. Thank youC. Well doneD. Not bad(正确答案)30、I paid him 50 dollars for the painting, but its real()must be about 500 dollars. [单选题] *A. feeB. value(正确答案)C. priceD. fare。

《学术英语(医学)(第二版)》Unit1翻译及课后习题答案

《学术英语(医学)(第二版)》Unit1翻译及课后习题答案

UNIT 1 A Doctor’s LifeTeaching ObjectivesAfter learning Unit 1, students (Ss) are expected to accomplish the following objectives:Teaching Activities and ResourcesPart 1 ReadingText ALead-inSuggested teaching plan1.Start the class by sharing your experiences with doctors.2.Brainstorming task:1)Ask Ss to brainstorm what they know about a doctor’s life and practice.2)Write down the key words on the chalkboard.3)Ask Ss to have a short discussion on different aspects of a doctor’s life. Ssare encouraged to use the key words in discussion.The following is a list of suggested key words:3.Make a summary on the discussion and introduce the topic of Text A.Text ComprehensionSuggested teaching plan1.When preparing for and planning the class, the teacher (T) can search “doctor’slife” on the Internet and find out what people say and think about a doctor’s life.Start the class by introducing the findings. This is a natural continuation of Lead-in.2.Analyze the text and lead Ss to discuss, integrating Task 2 / Critical reading andthinking / Text A into analysis and discussion. The presentation topics should be assigned to individual Ss for preparation at least one week in advance. Ask other Ss to preview the text with the guidance of the presentation topics.3.Integrate Task 2/ Language building-up/ Text A when a parentheticalstatement is dealt with.4.When analyzing the text, ask Ss to pay special attention to the sentences listed inLanguage focus below.5.If time allows, ask Ss to do Task 1 / Critical reading and thinking / Text A inabout five minutes. Check out the task by asking one or two Ss to read their answers. This is done to get an overview about the text.Language focus1.… that one stray request from a patient—even one that is quite relevant—might send the delicately balanced three-ring circus tumbling down. (P2, Para. 1)两个破折号之间是插入语,补充说明病人冷不丁提出的要求(stray request)也可能是相当中肯的(relevant),即便如此,对聚精会神的医生来说也是“灾难性的”。

蔡基刚 学术英语unit1答案

蔡基刚 学术英语unit1答案

蔡基刚学术英语unit1答案Unit 1Key words Objective Methods used Laypeople, radiation, understanding To investigate young students? knowledge of radiation phenomena and risk Questionnaires and interviews 1. 2. 3. 4.Although respondents were aware of the harmful health effects of radiation, but had a little understanding of the concept of radiation.There is a big proportion of respondents who support to continue the production of nuclear power. Mass media plays a very important role in the misunderstanding of radiation.A school program should be designed to analyzing everyday conceptionsabout radiationNo. Main Ideas The investigation has been conducted for three reasons Teachers and mass media are a big source of people?s knowledge of radiationThe objective is to study the general people?s understanding of radiation. 270 Freshmen are chosen for two reasons 6-10 Most people, especially women, answered the questions Most questions were open-ended with real-life examples. The answers were categorized and coded. A point system was developed tomeasure the respondents? level of understanding. Most respondents knew the radiation types but fail to know radioactive decay and absorption of radiation. 11-15 Respondents had difficulty distinguishing between radiation andradioactive materials. There was general misunderstanding about the conceptof the half- life There was confusion about the source of radiation among respondents Respondents were aware of the effect of radiation on health. 16-20 Men and women had same knowledge of radiation. Para. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1112 14 15 16 1-5 Radiation has been viewed as a serious threat to health and hence a source of fear. There was a lack of knowledge about “abs orption of radiation” among respondents 13 Although respondents knew the harmful health effects of radiation, but had a little 17 understanding of the concept of radiation, Respondents feared the exposure of radiation from nuclear power and nuclear 18 submarines. There was a big proportion of respondents who supportto continue the production 19 of nuclear power. Fear of radiation fromnuclear power was still popular in Norwegians. 20 21 22 23 20-25 Most respondents feared the contamination of nuclear waste Women were more worried than men about radiation and nuclear power. Mass media tends to influencepeople?s judgment and everyday conception. Everyday conceptions are more determined than school education Mass media plays a very important role in the misunderstanding of radiation. 26-28 24 25 Analyzing everyday conceptions about radiation in school courses may improve 26 the public understanding of such phenomena. Sufficient knowledge of radiation may influence one?spolitical considerations and 27 judgm ents. A course “Science, Technology and Society” may be developed to take the lay 28 conceptions into account.Task paraphrase1. 2. 3.The answer reveals that the respondents fail to understand that a new nucleus will be produced if a radioactive atom is broken.According to the view of constructivists, a person?s ideas will survive school education and form an important basis for learning new things.The solution is to take lay ideas into consideration and combine factual knowledge with practical or political factors.Task 6 Summarize the main idea of the following paragraph, using one sentence only. Read the model carefully.Different types of radiation will produce different health effects, based on characteristics of each type.Task 7 Write a paragraph about 120 words to summarize the main idea of Text 1.It may be argued that the population should have sufficient understanding of radiation phenomena to secure individual safety as well as democratic decisions. To attain this, it is necessary for the communicators of radiation information to be familiar with the lay person?s perceptions of these phenomena. A questionnaire survey was conducted to examine non-experts? conceptions of radiation phenomena. The survey revealed incomplete understanding of concepts such as radioactive decay, half-life and absorption of radiation and a lack of differentiation of between radiation andradioactive material. Many respondents did not distinguish between sources of ionizing radiation and other environmental hazards. Nuclear power plants and submarines were the most feared sources of radiation. There are indications that the lay understanding of radiation phenomena and risk is to a large extent formed by mass media and that “school knowledge” of these phenomenais not applied in situations belonging to the ?real world?. To resolve this problem, new teaching and information procedures are needed. These should take into account the learners? perceptions and should integrate “school knowledge” with considerations belonging to the “real world”.2. Enhancing language abilityTask 2 Replace the underlined words or phrases with academic words in the above box. Change their forms where necessary.1. betrays, conception2. (administrated, renders)3. (exemplified, perception )4. (prevalent, secure)5. (prior to, considerable)6. (proportion, attempt, gloomy)7. (is indicative, alternatives)8. (characterized, constitutes, hazard)9. (From the standpoint of the doctors, ranks) 10. (external, prerequisite)Task 3 Group the words in the box according to the meanings of the first words. Discuss the variety of words in writing.1. include: contain, embrace, encompass, comprise, be composed of, consistof2.valid: powerful, convincing, sensible, rational, viable, credible, plausible, weighty, well-founded, cogent, well-grounded3.basic: underlying, fundamental, essential, root, prime, primary4.danger: hazard, risk, threat, menace, peril, jeopardy, hazardous, endanger, jeopardize5. describe: depict, portray, characterize, narrate, outline, represent6.different: discrepant,contrary, conflicting, contradictory, inconsistent, incompatible, incongruous, various, diverse7.cause: prompt, move, inspire, stimulate, urge, spur, motivate, induce, evoke, instigate, impel 8.explain: account for, justify, clarify, illuminate, clear up, rationalize, elucidate ,explicate9.emphasize: highlight, stress, accent, feature, underline, spotlight, accentuate, give prominence to, attach importance to, give priority to, underscore10. factor: component, item, element, ingredient, constituent, contributor3. Critical thinking (asking questions)4. Doing research projects Lecture 11. What agents are mentioned in text that could attack the DNA?Solvent, pesticide, smoke combustion, viral aggressions, ultraredradiation and ionizing radiation2. How do the cells repair themselves after the DNA damage?Cells could identify the DNA damage, remove the damaged part and re-synthesis to repair the DNA.3. What is the difference between Determinist effects and Stochastic effects?The Stochastic effects are not systematic to each person being exposed. Their development could not be predicted at the scale of individual which is opposite from the determinist effect.4. Why could the radiotherapy cause the second cancer ?The healthy surroundings may be exposed to radiation during the treatment.5. What principle is the radiation precaution based on?Radiation dose should be kept as low as possible.New wordschromosome n.染色体 molecule n. 分子; 微小颗粒 complementary adj.互补的,补充的 strand n.(绳子的)股hereditary adj. 遗传的; 世袭的 protein n. 蛋白质 mino acid n. 氨基酸solvent n. 溶剂,溶媒viral adj.病毒的,病毒引起的 ultrared adj.红外(线)的 ionizing radiation 电离辐射 radical n.根基mutation n. 突变; 变异 transform v. 改变 dose n. 剂量deterministic adj.确定性的 severity n.严重stochastic adj.随机的epidemiologic adj.流行病学的 epidemiology 传染病学 uranium n.[化学]铀radiotherapy n.放射疗法 validity n.有效,合法性 chromosome 染色体 guanine 鸟嘌呤 cytosine 胞嘧啶 thymine 胸腺嘧啶 adenine 腺嘌呤 nausea 恶心 dose 剂量Academic Writing1. Understanding a research report or research article (RA)2. Deciding ona topicTask 2. Narrow down the following topics step by step and tell the feasibility of each topic. The first one has been done for you.1) Genetically Engineering The Impact of Genetically Engineering The Impact of Genetically Engineering on agricultural practice/ food shortage 2) Breast-feeding Practice Breast-feeding Practice in Chinese Big Cities The Impact of Urbanization on Breast-feeding Practice in Chinese Big Cities 3) Internet Technology The General Impact of Internet Technology on Education The Positive Impacts of Internet Technology on Teaching Methodology 3. Formulating research questionsTask 1 Turn the following topics into more specific ones by askingyourself some wh-questions such Why? What? How? Who? Then share yours with your partner. The first one has been done for you.1. Nuclear Waste1) 2) 3) 4)What is nuclear waste?Why is it difficult to dispose of nuclear waste?What harmful effects if nuclear waste is not appropriately disposed of? How to dispose of nuclear waste safely and economically?2. Threats of Artificial Intelligence1) What are the present threats? 2) What are the future threats?3) How can human beings control those threats?3. Global Warming and Its Effects 1) What is Global warming? 2) How does it affect agriculture? 3) How does it affect our environment? 4) How does it affect our health?4. Genetically Modified Food1) What are advantages and disadvantages of GMF感谢您的阅读,祝您生活愉快。

学术英语ESP社科样卷1

学术英语ESP社科样卷1

Part I1. Match the following English terms with their Chinesetranslation.(10%)1. marginal benefit a 公共物品博弈2. incentive b 净损失3. deadweight loss c 边际效益4. monetary policy d 货币政策5. public-goods game e 扩散,传播6. Nash equilibrium f 性别隔离7. structural unemployment g 激励8. sex segregation h 纳什均衡9. McDonaldization i 结构性失业10. diffusion j 麦当劳化2. TranslationSection A Put the following into Chinese.(10%)Economists make assumptions for the same reason: Assumptions can simplify the complex world and make it easier to understand. To study the effects of international trade, for example, we may assume that the world consists of only two countries and that each country produces only two goods. Of course, the real world consists of dozens of countries, each of which produces thousands of different types of goods. But by assuming two countries and two goods, we can focus our thinking. Once we understand international trade in an imaginary world with two countries and two goods, we are in a better position to understand international trade in the more complex world in which we live. Section B Put the following into English.(10%)失去一份工作可能是在一个人的生活中最痛苦的经济事件。

学术英语社科类unit原文及翻译

学术英语社科类unit原文及翻译

Cultural Globalization1. Much of the early development of different languages, customs, and otherdiverse aspects worldcultures resultedfromthe isolation of groups of people from one another. It is not surprising , then, that a degree of cultural amalgamation has occurred as improved transportation and communication have brought people of various societies into ever more frequent contact . Analyzing the blurring of cultural differences inevitably includes a great deal about fast food, basketball, rock music,and other such aspects of pop culture,but such analysis does not trivialize the subject,. Instead , a long standing bottom up line of political theoryargues that the world`s people can build on commonplace interactions and increasing cultural commonalities that engender familiarity with and confidence in one another to create a global civil society that might evolve into a global nation. By the same process, if transnational civil societies develop, then regional andevenglobal schemes of governance could conceivably form and supplement or supplant the territorial state. Scholars who examine the bottom-up process of transnational integration look for evidence in such factors as the flow of communications and commerce between countries and the spread across borders of what people wear, eat, and do for recreation.1、不同语言、风俗习惯以及其他不同的文化背景下,世界文化的早期发展,是从彼此分离的人群中产生的。

学术英语综合Unit1

学术英语综合Unit1

Unit 1
Economics
Adam Smith (16 June 1723 – 17 July 1790) was a Scottish moral philosopher, pioneer of political economy, and key Scottish Enlightenment figure.
What is EAP?
English for Academic Purposes/EAP
内容:教材分为《学术英语》综合、 人文、理工、社科等。我们的课程 分为读学科主题文章、听专业相关 讲座、练学术口语、写学科专业论 文以及做学科相关研究等环节。
目标:训练对信息的获取、分析、整 合、利用能力;提高学生撰写学期论 文及学术论文的技能;帮助学生过度 到专业双语课程及全英课程学习;全 面培养学生的学业能力、思辨创新能 力和解决实际问题的学术研究能力。
5. Writing • Understand what kind of topic is suitable
and manageable for a term paper
Unit 1
Economics
Unit Objectives
6. Researching • Independently locate and study a variety
Unit 1
Economics
Text A Overview
1. Summarize the main ideas of Text A. 2. Do Task 1/Critical reading and thinking.
Use the labor and skills behind the Thanksgiving weekend as examples to illustrate the concept of “the invisible hand”

学术英语(社科)Unit1带答案

学术英语(社科)Unit1带答案

Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Text A
Critical reading and thinking
Answer: Yes. Reason: If the plane has empty seat, the cost of adding one more passenger is tiny. Here the marginal cost is merely the cost of something to eat, like peanuts, coco, etc.
• Specialized vocabulary • Collocations • Formal and informal English • Signpost language
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Text A
When the price rises: It provides an incentive for buyers to consume less; It provides an incentive for sellers to produce more.
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Uaviors in Economic Activities
Text A
Critical reading and thinking
Conclusion: Rational people think at the margin. (They make decisions by comparing costs and benefits.)
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What is the author assuming I will agree with?
Do you agree with the author?
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Lead-in
Reading critically: questions for discussion
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
• Lead-in – Reading critically: questions for discussion
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
When the price rises: It provides an incentive for buyers to consume less; It provides an incentive for sellers to produce more.
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
What do you consider when you make this decision?
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
• Text A – – – – Key terms Critical reading and thinking Difficult sentences English language for academic purpose
• Specialized vocabulary • Collocations • Formal and informal English • Signpost language
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Text A
Key terms
rational people: 理性人 Those people who systematically and purposefully do the best they can to achieve their objectives, given the available opportunities.
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Text A
Critical reading and thinking
Example 3: a seat belt law
American laws require seat belts as standard equipment on new cars.
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Text A
Critical reading and thinking
How People Make Decisions
Economists’ explanation about decision making: There are rules behind people’s decision-making behaviors.
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Critical readingvities Rational people think at the margin.
Text A
Example 1: standby tickets What a rational airline can do?
Conclusion: As long as the standby passenger pays more than the marginal cost, selling the ticket is profitable.
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Lead-in
Reading critically: questions for discussion
Reading critically:
Every text is written on a purpose, some are supposed to make you believe. It is important to learn to read critically to get the point. One way of training critical reading is to ask yourself the following questions: What is the author trying to prove?
Text A
Critical reading and thinking
Example 2: a tax on gasoline How people respond to incentives? Encourage people to □ drive small, more fuel-efficient cars; □ carpool □ take public transportation; □ live closer to where they work; □ drive hybrid cars; □ drive electric cars.
How a seat belt law alters a driver’s costbenefit calculation (Peltzman’s analysis): Seat belts reduce the likelihood of injury or death → make accidents less costly → drive faster and less carefully → a large number of accidents
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Text A
Key terms
marginal cost: 边际成本 the additional cost from an increase in an activity marginal decision-making: 边际决策 the additional cost from an increase in an activity incentive: 激励 something that induces a person to act
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Text A
Critical reading and thinking
Answer: Yes. Reason: If the plane has empty seat, the cost of adding one more passenger is tiny. Here the marginal cost is merely the cost of something to eat, like peanuts, coco, etc.
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Text A
Critical reading and thinking
Conclusion: Rational people think at the margin. (They make decisions by comparing costs and benefits.)
Unit 1
Decision-Making Behaviors in Economic Activities
Lead-in
Reading critically: questions for discussion
Discuss the following questions:
How do you make the decision that you take this course?
Does the author adequately defend their argument? What kind of proof do they use? Is there something they leave out that you would put in? Does putting it in hurt their argument?
Situation: Flying a 200-seat plane across the U.S. costs the airline $100,000.
Cost of each seat: $500 (That’s to say, never sell a ticket for less than $500.) Suppose: A plane is about to take off with 10 empty seats. A standby passenger will pay $300 for a seat. Question: should the airline sell the ticket?
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