城市规划与建筑设计术语中英文对照
建筑、规划、景观专业常用的英语术语
草图Draft drawing/sketch平面Plan总平面master plan剖面Section立面Elevation正立面Facade透视图Perspective轴测图Axonometric view示意图/分析图Diagram地图分析/制图mapping/ mapping diagram图表chart/table容积率floor area ratio覆盖率Coverage城市设计Urban design; civic design区域规划Regional planning总体规划comprehensive planning/ master planning/ overallplanning 分区规划District planning/ zoning act控制性详细规划Regulatory Plan修建性详细规划Site planning (constructive-detailed planning)场地规划Site planning近期建设规划Immediate planning步行轴Walking axis概念设计conceptual design方案设计schematic design扩初设计design development详细设计、细部设计Detail Design城市城市化Urbanization城市生态Urban ecology城市农业urban farming/ urban agriculture经济能量来源Economy energy sources可持续发展Sustainable development历史性城市的保护规划Preservation Plan of historic cities旧城更新、改造Urban Regeneration/Urban Revitalization/Retrofitting Plan城市再开发Urban Redevelopment开发区Development area城市化水平Urbanization level城市群Urban Agglomeration/ Metropolitan Area/ Metropolitan Coordinating Region/mega region城市系统Urban system卫星城市(城镇)Satellite town/ affiliate township城市基础设施Urban infrastructure市政基础设施Municipal Infrastructure绿色基础设施Green Infrastructure生态基础设施Ecological Infrastructure居民点Settlement城市City市Municipality; city城镇Town城市管理区域Administrative region of a city商业区Commercial district民政区域Civil district居住区规划Residential area planning护林区Ranger district城市主义/城市过程urbanism新城市主义new urbanism可持续城市主义sustainable urbanism景观都市主义landscape urbanism生态城市主义ecological urbanism参数化城市主义parametric urbanism反城市主义post urbanism日常城市主义everyday urbanism基础设施为先导的城市发展infrastructural urbanism 建筑为先导的城市发展architectural urbanism农业为先导的城市发展agrarian urbanism生态安全格局ecological security pattern城市统计区metropolitan (statistical) area公共事业私营化关系PPP public private partnership 规划本底Planning Baseline世界城市global city发展中城市developing city膨胀城市booming city紧缩城市shrinking city公交系统为导向的开发TOD transit oriented development传统社区为导向的开发TND traditional neighborhood development 服务设施为导向的开发SOD service oriented development规划理性预期为导向的开发AOD anticipation oriented development建筑Parlor 客厅Washroom; toilet 卫生间、洗手间Balcony 阳台、包厢Bathroom 浴室Cabinet 橱柜Courtyard building 庭院建筑Dining-room ; dining hall 餐厅Entrance 入口Kitchen 厨房Roof 屋顶Kid room 儿童房Dollhouse 儿童游乐室Living room 起居室Pavilion 亭、阁Private garden 私家花园Resident 住宅Shared zone 共享空间Toilet 洗手间Servants hall 用人房Scale 比例Element 要素、自然环境conference center 会议中心Retail shop 零售商店Theatre 剧院绿地Percentage of greenery coverage绿化覆盖率Ratio of green space绿地率Landscaping within factory工厂绿化Landscaping of square广场绿化Landscaping of residential area居住区绿化Improved vegetation & wildlife谷底植栽场Landscaping around public building公共建筑绿化Indoor garden室外绿化Urban green 城市绿化Urban green space system城市绿化系统Public green space公共绿地Park公园Green belt 绿地Specified green space专用绿地Green buffer防护绿地景观Arbor乔木Shrub灌木Band stone铺石Car park below地下车库Carved paving bands曲线形铺地Cartilage Garth 庭园Courtyard identification sign标志牌Courtyard 庭院Fall瀑布Feature景色Footpath步道Garden bridge园桥Garden and park园林Herbage草本植物Liana藤本植物Natural cut stone砌石Pave铺地Pavilion 亭、阁Pavilion on terrace榭Planting植被Planting beds 花坛Plaza大广场Platform台Deck promenade栈道Pole lights灯柱Pool小水池Sculpture雕塑园林中国古典园林classicalChinese garden中国传统园林traditionalChinese garden中国古代园林ancientChinese garden中国山水园Chinesemountain and water garden帝王宫苑imperial palace garden皇家园林royal garden私家园林private garden江南园林garden on the Yangtze Delta西方古典园林western classical garden英国式园林English style garden中英混合式园林Anglo-Chinese style garden意大利式园林Italian style garden西班牙式园林Spanishstyle garden法兰西式园林Frenchstyle garden勒诺特尔式园林LeNotre's style garden文艺复兴庄园Renaissancestyle garden洛可可式园林Rococostyle garden巴洛克式园林Baroquestyle garden庄园manor,villa garden廊柱园peristyle garden, patio绿廊xystus迷阵maze,labyrinth灵囿Ling You Hunting Garden 周代术语灵沼Ling ZhaoWater Garden 周代术语灵台Ling TaiPlatform Garden 周代术语阿房宫E-PangPalace 秦代术语上林苑Shang-LinYuan 汉代术语未央宫Wei-YangPalace 汉代术语洛阳宫LuoyangPalace 魏代术语华清宫Hua-QingPalace 唐代术语艮岳GenYue Imperial Garden 宋代术语圆明园Yuan-MingYuan Imperial Garden颐和园Yi-HEYuan Imperial Garden承德避暑山庄ChengdeImperial Summer Resort苏州园林Suzhoutraditional garden悬园HangingGarden 又称“悬空园”,“架高园”。
城市规划建筑学课程中英文对照
城市规划中国近现代史纲要 Outline of modern Chinese history 大学英语 College English建筑设计基础 Basic Architectural Design画法几何 Descriptive Geometry高等数学 Advanced Mathematics阴影透视 Shadow and Perspective建筑制图 Architectural Graphing建筑构造 Building Construction建筑设计原理 Theory of Architectural Design 建筑规划CAD Computer Aided Design城市规划原理 Principles of Urban Planning测量学 Surveying专业外语 Professional English城市道路与交通 Urban Road and Transportation中外城市建设史 History of Chinese and Foreign UrbanConstruction建筑力学 Building Mechanics中国建筑史 History of Chinese Architecture建筑结构 Building Structure构成设计 Composition Design外国建筑史 History of Foreign Architecture建筑设计 Architectural Design城市规划设计 Urban Planning and Design城市设计概论 Introduction to Urban Design区域发展战略规划概Introduction to Strategic Planning ofRegional Development城市规划管理与法规 Planning Law and Urban PlanningAdministration控制性详细规划概论 Introduction to Regulatory Plan城市历史文化遗产保护Conservation Policies andPlanning of City Historic Sites城市市政工程规划 Municipal Engineering Planning土地利用规划学 Land use Planning工程地质 Engineering Geology城市经济学 Urban Economics城市规划系统工程学 Urban Systems Engineering环境心理学 Environmental Psychology社会综合实践调研 Methods of Social Research中国古典园林 Classical Chinese Garden乡村规划概论 Introduction to Rural Planning房地产概论 Introduction to Real Estate地理信息系统 Geographic Information Systems西方现代园林 Western Modern Garden城市绿地规划设计原理 Planning of Urban Green Space 中国传统民居 Chinese Traditional Dwelling 城市社会学 Urban Sociology场地设计 Site Planning现代建筑思潮 Modern Architecture Movements 城市发展政策概论 Introduction to Urban DevelopmentPolicy建筑学画法几何 Descriptive Geometry阴影透视 Shadow and Perspective建筑设计基础 Basic Architectural Design建筑设计原理 Theory of Architectural Design 建筑学概论 Introduction to Architecture建筑力学 Building Mechanics建筑材料 Building Material建筑构造I Building Construction I测量学 Surveying构成设计 Composition Design建筑设计 Architectural Design建筑结构 Building Structure中国建筑史 History of Chinese Architecture外国建筑史 History of Foreign Architecture工业建筑设计原理 Principles of industrial buildingdesign建筑物理 Building Physics专业外语 Professional English建筑学CAD Computer Aided Design城市规划原理 Principles of Urban Planning结构体系与选型 Structural Lectotype建筑设备 Building equipment高层建筑设计原理 Principles of High-rise BuildingDesign大型公共建筑设计 Large Public buildings Design建筑心理学 Architectural Psychology施工概论 Construction Overview中国传统民居 Chinese Traditional Dwelling智能建筑概论 Introduction to IntelligentBuildings现代建筑思潮 Modern Architecture Movements城市绿地规划设计原理 Planning of Urban Green Space 中国古典园林 Classical Chinese Garden景观设计 Landscape Design园林植物学 landscape plant西方现代园林 Western Modern Garden生态建筑 Eco-Building城市设计概论 Introduction to Urban Design区域经济与规划 Regional Economic and Planning城市历史与文化遗产保护Conservation Policies andPlanning of City Historic Sites 房地产开发 Real Estate Development城市道路与交通 Urban Road and Transportation中外城建史 History of Chinese and Foreign UrbanConstruction规划信息系统Planning Information Systems。
城市规划专业术语英汉对照
城市规划专业英语unban planning 城市规划town planning 城镇规划act of urban planning 城市规划法urban comprehensive/master planning 城市总体规划urban detailed planning 城市详细规划Residentiral district detailed planning 修建性详规regulatory detailed planning 控制性详规protection planning of historic cities 历史名城保护规划规划类的专业课程reginal planning 区域规划urban system planning 城镇体系规划urban sociology 城市社会学urban economic 城市经济学urban geography 城市地理学urban infrastructure planning 城市基础设施规划urban immediate planning 城市近期建设规划Community planning 社区规划Flood control planning 防洪规划electricity supply planning 供电规划water supply planning供水规划gas supply planning 供气规划urban water supply and drainage planning城市给排水规划urban road system and transportation planning城市道路系统和交通规划Land planning 用地规划Site planning 场地规划Urban growth 城市扩建Urban revitalization 城市复苏Urban agglomeration 城市群urban road cross-section城市道路横断面urban management information system 城市管理信息系统GIS =geograghy information system 地理信息系统RS=remote sensing 遥感Gardening==Landscape architecture园林=营造景观学/景观建筑学Ecological system 生态系统Urban landscape planning and design 城市景观规划和设计Urban green space system planning 城市绿地系统规划Urban design 城市设计•Land-use planning 土地利用规划Land use density 土地利用强度Building interval 建筑间距Urban sub-center 城市副中心The cultural and historic planning 历史文化名城Protection planning 保护规划Urbanization 城市化Urbanization level 城市化水平Suburbanization 郊区化Public participation 公众参与Sustainable development 可持续性发展Urban sustainable development 城市可持续发展Over-all urban layout 城市整体布局Pedestrian crossing 人行横道Human scale 人体尺寸Street furniture 街道小品Street tree 行道树Fountain 喷泉Public park/garden 公园History of gardening 造园史sculpture 雕塑planning design 种植设计plant 乔木shrub 灌木landscape designer 景观设计师mini-park/pocket park 袖珍公园urban landmark 城市地标Nature reserve 自然保护区Landscape characteristic 园林特色tea bar 茶吧Traffic and parking 交通与停车Landscape node 景观节点Landscape core 景观核Landscape bond 景观带•Brief history of urban planning Archaeological 考古学的Habitat 住处Aesthetics 美学Geometrical 几何学的Floor area ratio 容积率Greening rate 绿地率Population density 人口密度Legend 图例Scale 比例尺Traffic flow density 交通流密度Boundary line of roads 道路红线Topography map 地形图Moat/cannel 护城河Green buffer 防护绿地Wetland 湿地Vegetation 植被Indoor plants 室内植物Buffer zone 缓冲区Vehicles 车辆,交通工具mechanization 机械化merchant-trader 商人阶级urban elements 城市要素proposed plaza 拟建广场plazas 广场malls (原意)林荫道•The city and regionAdaptable 适应性强的Organic entity 有机体Department stores 百货商店Opera 歌剧院Symphony 交响乐团Cathedrals 教堂Density 密度Circulation 循环Elimination of water 水处理措施In three dimensional form 三维的Condemn 谴责Rural area 农村地区Regional planning agencies 区域规划机构Service-oriented 以服务为宗旨的Frame of reference 参考标准Distribute 分类Water area 水域Alteration 变更Inhabitants 居民Motorway 高速公路Update 改造论文写作Abstract 摘要Key words 关键词Reference 参考资料•Urban problemDimension 大小Descendant 子孙,后代Luxury 奢侈Dwelling 住所Edifices 建筑群<Athens Charter>雅典宪章Residence 居住Employment 工作Recreation 休憩Transportation交通Swallow 吞咽,燕子Urban fringes 城市边缘Anti- 前缀,反对……的;如:antinuclear反核的anticlockwise逆时针的Pro- 前缀,支持,同意……的;如:pro-American 亲美的pro-education重教育的Grant 助学金,基金Sewage 污水Sewer 污水管Sewage treatment plant 污水处理厂Brain drain 人才流失Drainage area 汇水面积Traffic flow 交通量Traffic concentration 交通密度Traffic control 交通管制Traffic bottleneck 交通瓶颈地段Traffic island 交通岛(转盘)Traffic point city 交通枢纽城市Train-make-up 编组站Urban redevelopment 旧城改造Urban revitalization 城市复苏•Urban FunctionUrban fabric 城市结构Urban form 城市形体Urban function orientation 城市功能定位Urban characteristic 城市特征Designated function of city 城市性质Traffic point city 交通枢纽城市Warehouse 仓库Material processing center 原料加工中心Religious edifices 宗教建筑Correctional institution 教养院Transportation interface 交通分界面CBD=central business district 城市中心商业区Public agencies of parking 停车公共管理机构Energy conservation 节能Individual building 单一建筑Mega-structures 大型建筑Mega- 大,百万,强Megalopolis 特大城市Megaton 百万吨R residence land use 居住用地黄色C commercial land use 商业用地红色M manufacture land use/industrial land use 工业用地紫褐色W warehouse land use 仓储用地紫色T transportation 交通用地蓝灰色Inter-city transportation land use 对外交通用地S roads and squares land use 道路广场用地留白处理U municipal utilities land use 市政公共设施用地接近蓝灰色G green space 绿地绿色P particular/specially-designated land use特殊用地E 水域及其他用地(除E外,其他合为城市建设用地)Corporate 公司的,法人的Corporation 公司企业Accessibility 可达性;易接近Service radius 服务半径Reservation of open space 预留公共空间•Urban landscapeTopography 地形图Well-matched 相匹配Ill-matchedVisual landscape 视觉景观Visual environment 视觉环境Visual landscape capacity 视觉景观容量Tour industry 旅游业Service industry 服务业Relief road 辅助道路Rural population 城镇居民Roofline 屋顶轮廓线风景园林四大要素:landscape plantArchitecture/buildingTopographyWater•Urban designNature reserve 自然保护区Civic enterprise 市政企业Artery 动脉,干道,大道Land developer 土地开发商Broad thorough-fare 主干道•Water supply and drainageA water supply for a town 城市给水系统Storage reservoir 水库,蓄水库Distribution reservoir 水库,配水库Distribution pipes 配水管网Water engineer 给水工程师Distribution system 配水系统Catchment area 汇水面积Open channel 明渠Sewerage system 污水系统,排污体制Separate 分流制Combined 合流制Rainfall 降水Domestic waste 生活污水Industrical waste 工业污水Stream flow 河流流量Runoff 径流Treatment plant 处理厂Sub-main 次干管Branch sewer 支管City water department 城市供水部门•UrbanizationSpatial structure 空间转移Labor force 劳动力Renewable 可再生Biosphere 生物圈Planned citiesBlueprints 蓝图License 执照,许可证Minerals 矿物Hydroelectric power source 水利资源Monuments 纪念物High-rise apartment 高层建筑物Lawn 草坪Soft landscape 软质景观Hard landscape 硬质景观Urban amenity 城市宜人设施Regional park 区域性公园Pavement 铺装Sidewalk 人行道Avenue 林荫道Winding street/wandering road 曲折的路Flower bed 花坛Hedge 树篱Green fencing 绿篱Riverside landscape bond 滨河景观带Palm 棕榈Recreation center 游憩中心Arched corridor 拱廊Multilayer planting 多层植物配置Riverside park 滨河公园Bank line 岸线Athletics park 运动公园Yacht 游艇Landscape bond around the city 环城景观带Central landscape bond 中央景观带Brook 小溪Front yard 前院Small-bounding wall小围墙Liana 藤本植物Plant configuring 植物配置Ever-green 常绿Hardwoods 阔叶林Ground cover 地被植物Oasis 绿洲Sub-space 亚空间Secondary seating 辅助性休息设施Mounds of grass 草丘Step with a view 眺台Seating wall 坐墙Seating capacity 座椅容量Planter 种植池Dramatic grade change 剧烈的坡度变化Eye-catching feature 引人注目的景物Drinking fountain 饮水设备Trash container 垃圾桶Reception/information 询问处Sign system 标志系统•A view of VeniceMetropolis 都市Urban renewal 城市更新Urban redevelopment 城市改造Construction work 市政建设Slums 平民窟Alleys 大街小巷Populate 居住Gothic 哥特式Renaissance 文艺复兴式Baroque 巴洛克式。
城市规划术语中英对照
中文(香港)
中文(中国)
中文(台湾)
1
allied city planning
---
联合城市规划
2
base map
底图
(城市规划的)基本地图,基本图
3
basic frame
---
(城市规划的)基本结构
4
boundary of planning area
规划区界线
城市规划区之界线
5
charter Athenes
24
International Housing and Town Planning Committee
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国际住宅和城市规划会议
25
metropolitan planning
---
特大城市规划,大都市区规划
26
modern city planning
---
现代城市规划
27
municipal planning act
中央执行管制及检控组〔规划署〕
---
34
central planning authority
---
中央规划机构
35
centralized planning
---
集中规划
36
charter Athenes
---
(1933年确定城市规划原则的)雅典宪章
37
Chicagoarea transportation study
---
制定远景规划
6
advisory plan
---
纲要计划,纲要性规划
7
advocacy planning
倡导式规划
倡导式规划,建议性规划
城市规划 外文翻译英语词汇总结
草图Draft drawing/sketch平面Plan总平面master plan剖面Section立面Elevation正立面Façade透视图Perspective轴测图Axonometric view示意图/分析图Diagram地图分析/制图mapping/ mapping diagram图表chart/table容积率floor area ratio覆盖率Coverage城市设计Urban design; civic design区域规划Regional planning总体规划comprehensive planning/ master planning/ overall planning 分区规划District planning/ zoning act控制性详细规划Regulatory Plan修建性详细规划Site planning (constructive-detailed planning)场地规划Site planning近期建设规划Immediate planning步行轴Walking axis概念设计conceptual design方案设计schematic design扩初设计design development详细设计、细部设计Detail Design城市化Urbanization城市生态Urban ecology城市农业urban farming/ urban agriculture经济能量来源Economy energy sources可持续发展Sustainable development历史性城市的保护规划Preservation Plan of historic cities旧城更新、改造-Urban Regeneration/Urban Revitalization/Retrofitting Plan 城市再开发-Urban Redevelopment开发区Development area城市化水平Urbanization level城市群Urban Agglomeration/ Metropolitan Area/ Metropolitan Coordinating Region/mega region城市系统Urban system卫星城市(城镇)Satellite town/ affiliate township城市基础设施Urban infrastructure市政基础设施Municipal Infrastructure绿色基础设施Green Infrastructure生态基础设施Ecological Infrastructure居民点Settlement城市City市Municipality; city城镇Town城市管理区域Administrative region of a city商业区Commercial district民政区域Civil district居住区规划Residential area planning护林区Ranger district绿地Percentage of greenery coverage绿化覆盖率Ratio of green space绿地率Landscaping within factory工厂绿化Landscaping of square广场绿化Landscaping of residential area居住区绿化Improved vegetation & wildlife谷底植栽场Landscaping around public building公共建筑绿化Indoor garden室外绿化Urban green 城市绿化Urban green space system城市绿化系统Public green space公共绿地Park公园Green belt 绿地Specified green space专用绿地Green buffer防护绿地空间(建筑)Parlor客厅Washroom; toilet卫生间、洗手间Balcony阳台、包厢Bathroom浴室Cabinet橱柜Courtyard building庭院建筑Dining-room ; dining hall餐厅Entrance入口Kitchen厨房Roof屋顶Kid room儿童房Dollhouse儿童游乐室Living room起居室Pavilion亭、阁Private garden私家花园Resident住宅Shared zone共享空间Toilet洗手间Servants hall用人房Scale比例Element要素、自然环境conference center会议中心Retail shop零售商店Theatre剧院园林景观Arbor乔木Shrub灌木Band stone铺石Car park below地下车库Carved paving bands曲线形铺地Cartilage Garth 庭园Courtyard identification sign标志牌Courtyard 庭院Fall瀑布Feature景色Footpath步道Garden bridge园桥Garden and park园林Herbage草本植物Liana藤本植物Natural cut stone砌石Pave铺地Pavilion 亭、阁Pavilion on terrace榭Planting植被Planting beds 花坛Plaza大广场Platform台Deck promenade栈道Pole lights灯柱Pool小水池Sculpture雕塑常用的景观英文参考1.主入口大门/岗亭(车行& 人行)MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE main entrance gate/guard house (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN ) for vehicle& pedestrian2.次入口/岗亭(车行& 人行)2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE 2nd entrance gate/guard house (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )3.商业中心入口ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR. Entrance to shopping ctr.4.水景WATER FEATURE water feature5.小型露天剧场MINI AMPHI-THEATRE mini amphitheatre6.迎宾景观-1WELCOMING FEATURE-1 welcoming feature-17.观景木台TIMBER DECK (VIEWING) timber deck (viewing)8.竹园BAMBOO GARDEN bamboo garden9.漫步广场WALKWAY PLAZA walkway plaza10.露天咖啡廊OUT DOOR CAFE out door cafe11.巨大迎宾水景-2GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE-2 grand welcoming feature-2 12.木桥TIMBER BRIDGE timber bridge13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台ROCK'SCAPE WATERFALL'S rock's cape waterfall's GROTTO/ VIEWING TERRACE grotto/ viewing terrace14.吊桥HANGING BRIDGE hanging bridge15.休憩台地(低处)LOUNGING TERRACE (LOWER ) lounging terrace (lower ) 16.休憩台地(高处)LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER ) Lounging terrace (upper )17.特色踏步FEATURE STEPPING STONE feature stepping stone18.野趣小溪RIVER WILD river wild19.儿童乐园CHILDREN'S PLAYGROUND children's playground20.旱冰道SLIDE Slide21.羽毛球场BADMINTON COURT badminton court 网球场Tennis court 22.旱景DRY LANDSCAPE dry landscape23.日艺园JAPANESE GARDEN Japanese garden24.旱喷泉DRY FOUNTAIN dry fountain25.观景台VIEWING DECK viewing deck26.游泳池SWIMMING POOL swimming pool27.极可意JACUZZI JacuzziWADING POOL wading pool29.儿童泳池CHILDREN'S POOL children's pool30.蜿蜒水墙WINDING WALL winding wall31.石景雕塑ROCK SCULPTURE rock sculpture32.中心广场CENTRAL PLAZA central plaza33.健身广场EXERCISE PLAZA exercise plaza34.桥BRIDGE bridge35.交流广场MEDITATING PLAZA meditating plaza36.趣味树阵TREE BATTLE FORMATION tree battle formation 37.停车场PARING AREA paring area38.特色花架TRELLIS trellisSCULPTURE TRAIL sculpture trail40.(高尔夫)轻击区PUTTING GREEN putting green41.高尔夫球会所GOLF CLUBHOUSE golf clubhouse42.每栋建筑入口ENTRANCE PAVING TO UNIT entrance paving to unit43.篮球场BASKETBALL COURT basketball court44.网球场TENNIS COURT tennis court45.阶梯坐台/种植槽TERRACING SEATWALL/PLANTER terracing seat wall / planter 46.广场MAIN PLAZA main plaza47.森林、瀑布FOREST GARDEN WATERFALL forest garden waterfall48.石景园ROCKERY GARD。
城市规划方案与建筑工程设计术语中英文对照
城市规划方案与建筑工程设计术语中英文对照嘿,各位看官,今天咱们聊聊城市规划方案和建筑工程设计那些事儿,还得来个中英文对照,毕竟国际化是大趋势嘛!那就让咱们开始这场意识流的盛宴吧!说到城市发展,就不得提一句城市更新,UrbanRenewal,这可是个大热门。
比如,老旧小区改造,RenovationofOldResidentialAreas,不仅仅是刷个墙那么简单,还得考虑到居民的生活需求,提升居住环境。
再来说说建筑工程设计,ArchitecturalEngineeringDesign,这可是技术活儿。
得有个设计理念,DesignPhilosophy,它可是整个设计的灵魂。
比如说,绿色建筑,GreenBuilding,这可是现在的大热门,节能减排,环保低碳。
在设计过程中,咱们得用到各种术语。
比如说,建筑设计规范,ArchitecturalDesignSpecifications,这是设计的基石,不能马虎。
还有,建筑结构设计,ArchitecturalStructureDesign,这可是建筑的核心,关系到安全稳固。
说到建筑,那就得提提建筑设计风格,ArchitecturalDesignStyle。
比如现代主义,Modernism,简约大方;再比如后现代主义,Postmodernism,多元化、个性化。
不同的风格,给人不同的感受。
当然,城市规划还得考虑环境保护,EnvironmentalProtection。
比如,城市绿化,UrbanGreening,这可是提升城市品质的重要手段。
还有,污水处理,SewageTreatment,这可是解决环境污染问题的关键。
在建筑工程设计中,咱们还会遇到各种细节问题。
比如说,建筑节能,BuildingEnergyEfficiency,这可是节能减排的重要环节。
还有,建筑声学设计,ArchitecturalAcousticsDesign,这可是提升居住舒适度的重要手段。
建筑专业名词中英文对照()
1.设计指标:statistics用地面积:site area建筑占地面积:building foot print总建筑面积:total area建筑面积floor area,building area地上建筑面积:ground area地下建筑面积:underground area整体面积需求: Demand for built area公共绿地:public green land备用地用地:reserved land容积率:FAR建筑密度:building coverage绿地率:green ratio绿化率:green landscape ratio建筑高度:building height层数:number of floors停车位:parking unit地面停车:ground parking地下停车:underground parking使用面积:usable area公用面积:public area实用面积:effective area居住面积:living area计租面积rental area?租用面积得房率:effien开间bay进深depth跨度span坡度:slope,grade净空:clearance净高:clear height净空(楼梯间下):headroom净距:clear distance套内面积:unit constraction area公摊面积:shared public area竣工面积:辅助面积:service area结构面积:structural area交通面积:communication area,passage area共有建筑面积:common building area共有建筑面积分摊系数:common building area amount coefficient 公用建筑面积:public building area销售面积:sales area绿化覆盖率:green coverage ratio净高:clear height公用建筑面积分摊系数:public building area amount coefficient住宅用地:residential area其他用地:公共服务设施用地:land for public facilities道路用地:land for roads公共绿地:public green space道路红线:road property line建筑线(建筑红线):set back line用地红线:property line,boundary line第一轮:1st round计划和程序:schedule and program工程进度表:working schedule构造材料表:list of building materials and construction设计说明:design statement图纸目录和说明:list of drawings and descriptions项目标准:project standards总结:conclusion文本及陈述:封皮:cover目录:content技术经济指标:technical and economical index概念规划设计:conceptual master paln and architectural design基地分析:location analysis项目区位分析图:description of the region site and city space view analyze 概念构思说明:chief design concept指导思想(设计主旨):key concepts概述:introduction宗旨:mission statement愿景及设计效果:vision and design concept城市空间景观分析:urban space landscape identity绿化景观分析:landscape analysis交通分析:traffic analysis生态系统:ecological system地块A:area A模型照片:model images案例分析:case study草图:sketches设计构思草图:concept sketches规划总平面图:site plan功能分区图:function organization单体透视图:unit perspective1-1剖面图:section 1-1立面图:elevation沿街立面图:street elevation平面图:plan地下一层平面图:basement plan;B1 plan首层平面图:F1 plan;ground floor plan二层平面图:2F floor plan设计阶段stages of design草图sketch方案scheme初步设计preliminary design施工图working drawing平面图plan平面放大图plan in enlarged scale剖面图section立面图elevation节点详图detail drawing透视图perspective drawings鸟瞰图birds-eye view示意图schematic diagram区划图block plan位置图location示意图:schematic diagram背景介绍:project background报告书目的:purpose of report专案区位背景:Context of 。
建筑和城规专英词语中英文版
建筑和城规专英词语中英文版————————————————————————————————作者:————————————————————————————————日期:ﻩaesthetics 美学山墙gable老虎窗dormercirculation流线pedestrian/vehicular circulationPorte-cochere可停车马的门廊Skylight 天窗finish 装修完成面悬挑cantilever立面elevation/facadeorder柱式landscape architecture景观建筑plumbing给排水(工程)archvs. dome 拱穹的区别剪力shear、shearing force弯矩momentbasement vs.foundation 地下室、基础mezzanine 夹层concrete vs. reinforcedconcretestructurevs. construction 结构与构造Art Nouveau 新艺术运动Artsand CraftsMovementeclecticism折衷主义Ecole des Beaux-Arts公立美术学院urban infrastructure城镇基础设施urbanization 城市化publictransit 公共交通government-subsidizedhousing政府补贴房economicrestructuring 经济体制改革grass-root movement 草根运动建筑红线propertylinecentralbusiness district 中央商务区zoning plan 区域规划edge city边缘城市neighborhood 邻里polycentriccity 多中心城市urbanregeneration 城市更新community社区megalopolis 大都市megacity大都市site planning总平面设计建设场地规划agglomeration effects 聚集效应城市群效应legislation法律法规blueprint蓝图discretion 自由裁量权regulatory 调整的, 规管density 密度intensity强度capacity承受量容许承载力tenement房屋公寓公共住宅ecological footprint 生态足迹urbanplanning 城市规划aspects of planning 规划性质规划方向slums 贫民窟vista景色景观urban form城市形态ﻫurban decay城市衰败ﻫurbanreconstructionand 城市重建urban renewal城市更新transport交通ﻫsuburbanization郊区化environmentalfactors 环境因素settlement 定居点built environment 城市环境建成环境social environment社会环境urbanized area 城市化地区municipality自治区直辖市regional planning区域规划ﻫre-generationof inner city老城更新旧城改造infrastructural decay 基础设施衰败feasibility可行性合理性settlement layout 小区规划agriculture 农业population人口pre-Classical ages 前古典时期Classical ages 古典时期organic urbanform 有机城市形态developed countries 发达国家the industrialized city 工业城市wealthyelite 富豪精英citizen 市民the concept ofgardencity 花园城市概念modernism 现代主义skyscraper building 摩天大楼freeway 高速公路快速路the towers setwithin gardens format 花园城市形式下的高楼Ville Contemporaine现代城市large-scale plan 大尺度的规划government-subsidized housing政府补贴房human scale 人体尺度vitality of the community 社会生命力social problem社会问题plannedneighborhood 规划过的邻里关系ﻫindividualism个人主义diversity 多样性post-modernist era 后现代时代sustainable development 可持续发展sustainability可持续性consumption消耗量灭绝natural resource 自然资源ecosystemdestruction生态系统破坏urban heat islands 城市热岛social inequality 社会不平等climate change 气候变化sustainable city 可持续城市urban character城市特征localidentity 地方认同感heritage 遗产pedestrianfriendly步行友好traffic交通utility 公用设施natural hazard 自然灾害zoning 区域growth management 增长管理planning techniques规划技术smartgrowth 智能增长emergency evacuationroute 紧急疏散路线accessibility可达性design-out crime 可排除的犯罪traffic calming 交通冷静化The deliberateslowing of traffic inresidential areasbybuilding speed bumps or other obstructionspedestrianisation步行化environmental determinism 环境决定论ﻫJane Jacobs雅格布森eyeson the street concept街道的眼睛criminal behavior犯罪行为rapid urbanization 快速城市化slumhabitation贫民区policy ofclearance清理政策ﻫdepopulation人口减少economic restructuring 经济体制改革property abandonment 放弃产权unemployment rate失业率demography 人口统计学ghetto犹太人聚居区central urban 中心城市real estate 房产不动产ﻫreal estatevalue房产价值awider variety of housing choices 更多的住屋选择infrastructure基础设施sewerage排污排水系统density of an urbanenvironment 城市环境密度road traffic公路交通parking space 停车场parking garages车库highdensityarea高密度地区ﻫbuilt-up area建成区urbantransit 城市交通ﻫtransit oriented development 公交导向发展multilane boulevard 多车道路migration 迁移rural areas郊区hinterland腹地内地偏远地区congestion交通拥堵commuting 通勤来往environmental protection andconservation 环境保护、Sustainability Appraisal可持续性评估quantitative tool量化工具Sidewalk人行道planning process 规划过程top-down自上而下的规划grass root 草根developer 开发人员project-basedplanning 基于项目的规划transportation hub 交通枢纽military bases 军事基地wilderness荒地ﻫadministrative 行政管理functional 功能性的polycentrism多中心主义macro level 宏观角度ﻫflood plain冲积平原earthquake fault地震断层transportation corridor运输通道hubsand spokes 枢纽与放射状的道路waste disposal垃圾处理ﻫGreen Belt绿化带amalgamation 城市的合并与兼并building codes 建筑规范zoninglaws and policies 分区法律政策zoningordinances 区划条例landuse 土地利用natural environment 自然环境builtenvironment 建成环境land use types土地使用类型land management 土地管理United Nations联合国landuse planning 土地使用规划centralplanning 中心区规划biodiversity 生物多样性comprehensive planning全面规划综合规划landvalues 土地价值transportationplanning交通规划bikelanes自行车道rational planning model理性规划模式a multi-disciplinary approach跨专业的方式vehiculartraffic 车辆交通automobiledependency 汽车依赖predominant 主导的主要的traffic flow 交通流signalized crossings 交叉路口trafficlight交通灯cyclist 骑自行车的人public transit公共交通streetcar (tram)有轨电车电车modes of transport运输方式traffic volume 交通量parkinglots停车场drive-in bank免下车银行non-renewableresource不可再生资源greenhousegas 温室气体global warming 全球变暖gatedcommunity 封闭式社区physical separation 物质隔离NewUrbanism新城市主义Smart growth 精明增长physical urban design物质的城市设计urbandensity 城市密度mobility 流动性机动性accessibility 可达性land-use regulation 土地使用管理ﻫbuilding height建筑高度lotcoverage 覆盖率permitting system许可制度ﻫlocal government当地政府legislation法律法制open space 开放空间setbacks 挫折挫败landscaped space 景观空间paved space 带道路的空间Floor AreaRatio (FAR)容积率total building squarefootage(building area)总建筑面积sitearea 总平面面积场地面积ﻫregulatory control 法律控制discretionarycontrol自行决定的控制discretion自由裁量权real property房产不动产personal property动产个人财产personal property law 个人财产法律geographic information system(GIS) 地理信息系统ﻫremote sensing 遥感ﻫIndustrialRevolution 工业革命GDP (gross domestic product) 国民生产总值per capita 每人Squalor 贫困肮脏middle class 中产阶级economicsystem生态系统means ofproduction生产方式central economic planning 中央的经济规划freemarket自由市场urban agglomeration 城市群conurbation 集合城市城市群有卫星城的大都市suburbanization 郊区化urban sprawl 城市扩张satellitecommunities 郊外居住区greenbelt绿化带commuting通勤交通edge cities 边缘城市sustainable urbanism可持续的城市主义cityblock 街区urban fabric 城市肌理'streetwalls' of public space 公共空间的靠街道的墙Lot土地地段cul-de-sac road 尽端路neighborhood unit 邻里单位pedestrianstreet 步行街perimeter block边缘街区setback 挫折propertyboundary红线public utilities公共设施thoroughfare 大街eminent domain (美)土地征用权immovable property 不动产realproperty动产housing subdivision居住单元governance 管理social housing社会住房affordable housing 经适房not-for-profit organizations 非营利机构non-profit organizations非营利机构compact city 紧凑型城市walkableplace 可步行的空间transit ridership 公共交通乘客pedestrian crossing人行横道mixed-usedevelopment 综合开发urban socialexclusion 城市社会的不相容multi-sectoredpartnership多部门的合作关系community participation公众参与public participation 公众参与urbanregeneration 城市更新statutory plan 法定图则pluralism 多元化political representatives 政治代表segregation隔离social stratification社会分化社会阶层化social mobility 社会流动性socialinequality 社会不平等。
建筑、规划、景观专业常用的英语术语
草图 Draft drawing/sketch平面 Plan总平面 master plan剖面 Section立面 Elevation正立面 Facade透视图 Perspective轴测图 Axonometric view示意图/分析图 Diagram地图分析/制图 mapping/ mapping diagram图表 chart/table容积率 floor area ratio覆盖率 Coverage城市设计 Urban design; civic design区域规划 Regional planning总体规划 comprehensive planning/ master planning/ overallplanning 分区规划 District planning/ zoning act控制性详细规划 Regulatory Plan修建性详细规划 Site planning (constructive-detailed planning)场地规划 Site planning近期建设规划 Immediate planning步行轴 Walking axis概念设计 conceptual design方案设计 schematic design扩初设计 design development详细设计、细部设计 Detail Design城市城市化 Urbanization城市生态 Urban ecology城市农业 urban farming/ urban agriculture经济能量来源 Economy energy sources可持续发展 Sustainable development历史性城市的保护规划 Preservation Plan of historic cities旧城更新、改造 Urban Regeneration/Urban Revitalization/Retrofitting Plan城市再开发 Urban Redevelopment开发区 Development area城市化水平 Urbanization level城市群 Urban Agglomeration/ Metropolitan Area/ Metropolitan Coordinating Region/mega region城市系统 Urban system卫星城市(城镇) Satellite town/ affiliate township城市基础设施 Urban infrastructure市政基础设施 Municipal Infrastructure绿色基础设施 Green Infrastructure生态基础设施 Ecological Infrastructure居民点 Settlement城市 City市 Municipality; city城镇 Town城市管理区域 Administrative region of a city商业区 Commercial district民政区域 Civil district居住区规划 Residential area planning护林区 Ranger district城市主义/城市过程 urbanism新城市主义 new urbanism可持续城市主义 sustainable urbanism景观都市主义 landscape urbanism生态城市主义 ecological urbanism参数化城市主义 parametric urbanism反城市主义 post urbanism日常城市主义 everyday urbanism基础设施为先导的城市发展 infrastructural urbanism 建筑为先导的城市发展 architectural urbanism农业为先导的城市发展 agrarian urbanism生态安全格局 ecological security pattern城市统计区 metropolitan (statistical) area公共事业私营化关系 PPP public private partnership 规划本底 Planning Baseline世界城市 global city发展中城市 developing city膨胀城市 booming city紧缩城市 shrinking city公交系统为导向的开发 TOD transit oriented development传统社区为导向的开发 TND traditional neighborhood development 服务设施为导向的开发 SOD service oriented development规划理性预期为导向的开发 AOD anticipation oriented development建筑Parlor 客厅Washroom; toilet 卫生间、洗手间Balcony 阳台、包厢Bathroom 浴室Cabinet 橱柜Courtyard building 庭院建筑Dining-room ; dining hall 餐厅Entrance 入口Kitchen 厨房Roof 屋顶Kid room 儿童房Dollhouse 儿童游乐室Living room 起居室Pavilion 亭、阁Private garden 私家花园Resident 住宅Shared zone 共享空间Toilet 洗手间Servants hall 用人房Scale 比例Element 要素、自然环境conference center 会议中心Retail shop 零售商店Theatre 剧院绿地Percentage of greenery coverage绿化覆盖率Ratio of green space绿地率Landscaping within factory工厂绿化Landscaping of square广场绿化Landscaping of residential area居住区绿化Improved vegetation & wildlife谷底植栽场Landscaping around public building公共建筑绿化Indoor garden室外绿化Urban green 城市绿化Urban green space system城市绿化系统Public green space公共绿地Park公园Green belt 绿地Specified green space专用绿地Green buffer防护绿地景观Arbor乔木Shrub灌木Band stone铺石Car park below地下车库Carved paving bands曲线形铺地Cartilage Garth 庭园Courtyard identification sign标志牌Courtyard 庭院Fall瀑布Feature景色Footpath步道Garden bridge园桥Garden and park园林Herbage草本植物Liana藤本植物Natural cut stone砌石Pave铺地Pavilion 亭、阁Pavilion on terrace榭Planting植被Planting beds 花坛Plaza大广场Platform台Deck promenade栈道Pole lights灯柱Pool小水池Sculpture雕塑园林中国古典园林 classicalChinese garden中国传统园林 traditionalChinese garden中国古代园林 ancientChinese garden中国山水园 Chinesemountain and water garden 帝王宫苑 imperial palace garden皇家园林 royal garden私家园林 private garden江南园林 garden on the Yangtze Delta西方古典园林 western classical garden英国式园林 English style garden中英混合式园林 Anglo-Chinese style garden 意大利式园林 Italian style garden西班牙式园林 Spanishstyle garden法兰西式园林 Frenchstyle garden勒诺特尔式园林 LeNotre's style garden文艺复兴庄园 Renaissancestyle garden洛可可式园林 Rococostyle garden巴洛克式园林 Baroquestyle garden庄园 manor,villa garden廊柱园 peristyle garden, patio绿廊 xystus迷阵 maze,labyrinth灵囿 Ling You Hunting Garden 周代术语灵沼 Ling ZhaoWater Garden 周代术语灵台 Ling TaiPlatform Garden 周代术语.阿房宫 E-PangPalace 秦代术语上林苑 Shang-LinYuan 汉代术语未央宫 Wei-YangPalace 汉代术语洛阳宫 LuoyangPalace 魏代术语华清宫 Hua-QingPalace 唐代术语艮岳 GenYue Imperial Garden 宋代术语圆明园 Yuan-MingYuan Imperial Garden颐和园 Yi-HEYuan Imperial Garden承德避暑山庄 ChengdeImperial Summer Resort苏州园林 Suzhoutraditional garden悬园 HangingGarden 又称“悬空园”,“架高园”。
建筑用语(英汉对照)
草图Draft drawing/sketch平面Plan总平面master plan剖面Section立面Elevation正立面Facade透视图Perspective轴测图Axonometric view示意图/分析图Diagram地图分析/制图mapping/ mapping diagram图表chart/table容积率floor area ratio覆盖率Coverage城市设计Urban design; civic design区域规划Regional planning总体规划comprehensive planning/ master planning/ overall planning分区规划District planning/ zoning act控制性详细规划Regulatory Plan修建性详细规划Site planning (constructive-detailed planning)场地规划Site planning近期建设规划Immediate planning步行轴Walking axis概念设计conceptual design方案设计schematic design扩初设计design development详细设计、细部设计Detail Design城市化Urbanization城市生态Urban ecology城市农业urban farming/ urban agriculture经济能量来源Economy energy sources可持续发展Sustainable development历史性城市的保护规划Preservation Plan of historic cities旧城更新、改造-Urban Regeneration/Urban Revitalization/Retrofitting Plan城市再开发-Urban Redevelopment开发区Development area城市化水平Urbanization level城市群Urban Agglomeration/ Metropolitan Area/ Metropolitan Coordinating Region/mega re gion城市系统Urban system卫星城市(城镇)Satellite town/ affiliate township城市基础设施Urban infrastructure市政基础设施Municipal Infrastructure绿色基础设施Green Infrastructure生态基础设施Ecological Infrastructure居民点Settlement城市City市Municipality; city城镇Town城市管理区域Administrative region of a city商业区Commercial district民政区域Civil district居住区规划Residential area planning护林区Ranger district绿地Percentage of greenery coverage绿化覆盖率Ratio of green space绿地率Landscaping within factory工厂绿化Landscaping of square广场绿化Landscaping of residential area居住区绿化Improved vegetation & wildlife谷底植栽场Landscaping around public building公共建筑绿化Indoor garden室外绿化Urban green 城市绿化Urban green space system城市绿化系统Public green space公共绿地Park公园Green belt 绿地Specified green space专用绿地Green buffer防护绿地空间(建筑)Parlor客厅Washroom; toilet卫生间、洗手间Balcony阳台、包厢Bathroom浴室Cabinet橱柜Courtyard building庭院建筑Dining-room ; dining hall餐厅Entrance入口Kitchen厨房Roof屋顶Kid room儿童房Dollhouse儿童游乐室Living room起居室Pavilion亭、阁Private garden私家花园Resident住宅Shared zone共享空间Toilet洗手间Servants hall用人房Scale比例Element要素、自然环境conference center会议中心Retail shop零售商店Theatre剧院园林景观Arbor乔木Shrub灌木Band stone铺石Car park below地下车库Carved paving bands曲线形铺地Cartilage Garth 庭园Courtyard identification sign标志牌Courtyard 庭院Fall瀑布Feature景色Footpath步道Garden bridge园桥Garden and park园林Herbage草本植物Liana藤本植物Natural cut stone砌石Pave铺地Pavilion 亭、阁Pavilion on terrace榭Planting植被Planting beds 花坛Plaza大广场Platform台Deck promenade栈道Pole lights灯柱Pool小水池Sculpture雕塑常用的景观英文参考1.主入口大门/岗亭(车行& 人行)MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE main entrance gate/guard house (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN ) for vehicle& pedestrian2.次入口/岗亭(车行& 人行)2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE 2nd entrance gate/guard house (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )3.商业中心入口ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR. Entrance to shopping ctr. 4.水景WATER FEATURE water feature5.小型露天剧场MINI AMPHI-THEATRE mini amphitheatre6.迎宾景观-1WELCOMING FEATURE-1 welcoming feature-17.观景木台TIMBER DECK (VIEWING) timber deck (viewing)8.竹园BAMBOO GARDEN bamboo garden9.漫步广场WALKWAY PLAZA walkway plaza10.露天咖啡廊OUT DOOR CAFE out door cafe11.巨大迎宾水景-2GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE-2 grand welcoming feature-2 12.木桥TIMBER BRIDGE timber bridge13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台ROCK'SCAPE WATERFALL'S rock's cape waterfall's GROTTO/ VIEWING TERRACE grotto/ viewing terrace14.吊桥HANGING BRIDGE hanging bridge15.休憩台地(低处)LOUNGING TERRACE (LOWER ) lounging terrace (lower ) 16.休憩台地(高处)LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER ) Lounging terrace (upper ) 17.特色踏步FEATURE STEPPING STONE feature stepping stone18.野趣小溪RIVER WILD river wild19.儿童乐园CHILDREN'S PLAYGROUND children's playground20.旱冰道SLIDE Slide21.羽毛球场BADMINTON COURT badminton court 网球场Tennis court 22.旱景DRY LANDSCAPE dry landscape23.日艺园JAPANESE GARDEN Japanese garden24.旱喷泉DRY FOUNTAIN dry fountain25.观景台VIEWING DECK viewing deck26.游泳池SWIMMING POOL swimming pool27.极可意JACUZZI Jacuzzi28.嬉水池WADING POOL wading pool29.儿童泳池CHILDREN'S POOL children's pool30.蜿蜒水墙WINDING WALL winding wall31.石景雕塑ROCK SCULPTURE rock sculpture32.中心广场CENTRAL PLAZA central plaza33.健身广场EXERCISE PLAZA exercise plaza34.桥BRIDGE bridge35.交流广场MEDITATING PLAZA meditating plaza36.趣味树阵TREE BATTLE FORMATION tree battle formation37.停车场PARING AREA paring area38.特色花架TRELLIS trellis39.雕塑小道SCULPTURE TRAIL sculpture trail40.(高尔夫)轻击区PUTTING GREEN putting green41.高尔夫球会所GOLF CLUBHOUSE golf clubhouse42.每栋建筑入口ENTRANCE PAVING TO UNIT entrance paving to unit43.篮球场BASKETBALL COURT basketball court44.网球场TENNIS COURT tennis court45.阶梯坐台/种植槽TERRACING SEATWALL/PLANTER terracing seat wall / planter 46.广场MAIN PLAZA main plaza47.森林、瀑布FOREST GARDEN WATERFALL forest garden waterfall 48.石景园ROCKERY GARDEN rockery garden49.旱溪DRY STREAM dry stream50.凉亭PAVILION Pavilion51.户外淋浴OUTDOOR SHOWER outdoor shower52.拉膜结构TENSILE STRUCTURE tensile structure53.台阶STAIR stair54.高尔夫球车停车场PARKING ( GOLF CAR ) parking ( golf car )55.健身站EXERCISE STATION exercise station56.晨跑小路JOGGING FOOTPATH jogging footpath57.车道/人行道DRIVEWAY /SIDEWALK driveway /sidewalk58.人行漫步道PROMENADE promenade59.瀑布及跳舞喷泉(入口广场)WATER FALL AND DANCING water fall and dancing FOUNTAIN ( ENTRY PLAZA ) fountain ( entry plaza ) 60.特色入口ENTRY FEATURE entry feature61.石景广场ROCKERY PLAZA rockery plaza中国古典园林------classical Chinese garden中国传统园林-------traditional Chinese garden中国古代园林-------ancient Chinese garden中国山水园----------Chinese mountain and water garden 帝王宫苑--------- imperial palace garden皇家园林----------royal garden私家园林-----------private garden江南园林--------------garden on the Yangtze Delta西方古典园林---------------western classical garden英国式园林-------------------- English style garden中英混合式园林--------------Anglo-Chinese style garden意大利式园林------------------ Italian style garden西班牙式园林----------------Spanish style garden法兰西式园林------------------French style garden勒诺特尔式园林---------------Le Notre's style garden文艺复兴庄园--------------------Renaissance style garden洛可可式园林-----------------------Rococo style garden巴洛克式园林---------------------Baroque style garden庄园--------------------------manor, villa garden廊柱园-----------------------peristyle garden, patio绿廊----------------------------xystus迷阵-----------------------------maze, labyrinth灵囿-------------------------- Ling You Hunting Garden 周代术语灵沼---------------Ling Zhao Water Garden 周代术语灵台---------------Ling Tai Platform Garden 周代术语阿房宫-------------E-Pang Palace 秦代术语上林苑---------------Shang-Lin Yuan 汉代术语未央宫---------------Wei-Yang Palace 汉代术语洛阳宫----------------Luoyang Palace 魏代术语华清宫----------------Hua-Qing Palace 唐代术语艮岳-------------------Gen Yue Imperial Garden 宋代术语圆明园----------------Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden颐和园-------------------Yi-HE Yuan Imperial Garden承德避暑山庄---------------Chengde Imperial Summer Resort苏州园林----------------------Suzhou traditional garden悬园----------- Hanging Garden 又称“悬空园”,“架高园”。
城市规划建设英语术语
保留地reserved land步行街pedestrian street仓储区warehouse district仓储用地warehouse land城市(城镇)city城市布局urban layout城市道路面积率urban road area ratio城市道路网urban road network城市道路网密度density of urban road network 城市道路系统urban road system城市对外交通intercity transportation城市发展方向direction for urban development 城市发展目标goal for urban development城市发展战略strategy for urban development 城市防洪urban flood control城市防洪标准flood control standard城市防洪工程flood control works城市防空urban air defense城市防灾urban disaster prevention城市防震earthquake hazard protection城市给水water supply城市给水工程water supply engineering城市给水系统water supply system城市工程管线综合integrated design for utilities pipelines 城市功能分区functional districts城市供电电源power source城市供电系统power supply system城市供热系统district heating system城市规划urban planning城市规划法规legislation on urban planning城市规划管理urban planning administration城市规划建设管理urban planning and development control 城市规划区urban planning area城市规划用地管理urban planning land use administration 城市规模city size城市化urbanization城市化水平urbanization level城市环境保护city environmental protection城市环境污染city environmental pollution城市环境质量city environmental quality城市环境质量评价city environmental quality assessment 城市基础设施urban infrastructure城市集中供热district heating城市建成区urban built-up area城市交通urban transportation城市交通预测urban transportation forecast城市结构urban structure城市绿地系统urban green space system城市绿化urban afforestation城市排水sewerage城市排水工程sewerage engineering城市排水系统sewerage system城市群agglomeration城市燃气gas城市燃气供应系统gas supply system城市人口机械增长率mechanical growth rate of population 城市人口结构urban population structure城市人口年龄构成age composition城市人口预测urban population forecast城市人口增长urban population growth城市人口增长率urban population growth rate城市人口自然增长率natural growth rate城市设计urban design城市生态平衡balance of city ecosystem城市生态系统city ecosystem城市通信communication城市通信系统communication system城市污水sewage城市详细规划detailed plan城市消防urban fire control城市形态urban morphology城市性质designated function of city城市用地urban landurban planning 城市规划town planning 城镇规划act of urban planning 城市规划法urban comprehensive planning 城市总体规划urban detailed planning 城市详细规划Residential district detailed planning 修建性详规regulatory detailed planning 控制性详规规划类的专业课程regional planning 区域规划urban system planning 城镇体系规划urban sociology 城市社会学urban economic 城市经济学urban geography 城市地理学urban infrastructure planning 城市基础设施规划(water supply and drainage \electricity supply\road building)(城市供水、供电、道路修建)urban road system and transportation planning 城市道路系统和交通规划urban road cross-section 城市道路横断面urban management information system 城市管理信息系统GIS =geography information system 地理信息系统RS=remote sensing 遥感Gardening==Landscape architecture 园林=营造景观学Urban landscape planning and design 城市景观规划和设计Urban green space system planning 城市绿地系统规划Urban design 城市设计Land-use planning 土地利用规划The cultural and historic planning 历史文化名城Protection planning 保护规划Urbanization 城市化Suburbanization 郊区化Public participation 公众参与Sustainable development(sustainability) 可持续性发展(可持续性)Over-all urban layout 城市整体布局Pedestrian crossing 人行横道Human scale 人体尺寸(sculpture fountain tea bar) (雕塑、喷泉、茶吧)Traffic and parking 交通与停车Landscape node 景观节点·Brief history of urban planningArchaeological 考古学的Habitat 住处Aesthetics 美学Geometrical 几何学的Moat 护城河Vehicles 车辆,交通工具,mechanization 机械化merchant-trader 商人阶级urban elements 城市要素plazas 广场malls 林荫道·The city and regionAdaptable 适应性强的Organic entity 有机体Department stores 百货商店Opera 歌剧院Symphony 交响乐团Cathedrals 教堂Density 密度Circulation 循环Elimination of water 水处理措施In three dimensional form 三维的Condemn 谴责Rural area 农村地区Regional planning agencies 区域规划机构Service-oriented 以服务为宗旨的Frame of reference 参考标准Distribute 分类Water area 水域Alteration 变更Inhabitants 居民Motorway 高速公路Update 改造论文写作Abstract 摘要Key words 关键词Reference 参考资料·Urban problemDimension 大小Descendant 子孙,后代Luxury 奢侈Dwelling 住所Edifices 建筑群<Athens Charter>雅典宪章Residence 居住Employment 工作Recreation 休憩Transportation交通Swallow 吞咽,燕子Urban fringes 城市边缘Anti-前缀,反对……的;如:antinuclear反核的anticlockwise逆时针的Pro-前缀,支持,同意……的;如:pro-American 亲美的pro-education重教育的Grant 助学金,基金Sewage 污水Sewer 污水管Sewage treatment plant 污水处理厂Brain drain 人才流失Drainage area 汇水面积Traffic flow 交通量Traffic concentration 交通密度Traffic control 交通管制Traffic bottleneck 交通瓶颈地段Traffic island 交通岛(转盘)Traffic point city 交通枢纽城市Train-make-up 编组站Urban redevelopment 旧城改造Urban revitalization 城市复苏·Urban FunctionUrban fabric 城市结构Urban form 城市形体Warehouse 仓库Material processing center 原料加工中心Religious edifices 宗教建筑Correctional institution 教养院Transportation interface 交通分界面CBD=central business district 城市中心商业区Public agencies of parking 停车公共管理机构Energy conservation 节能Individual building 单一建筑Mega-structures 大型建筑Mega-大,百万,强Megalopolis 特大城市Megaton 百万吨R residence 居住用地黄色C commercial 商业用地红色M manufacture 工业用地紫褐色W warehouse 仓储用地紫色T transportation 交通用地蓝灰色S square 道路广场用地留白处理U utilities 市政公共设施用地接近蓝灰色G green space 绿地绿色P particular 特殊用地E 水域及其他用地(除E外,其他合为城市建设用地)Corporate 公司的,法人的Corporation 公司企业Accessibility 可达性;易接近Service radius 服务半径·Urban landscapeTopography 地形图Well-matched 相匹配Visual landscape 视觉景观Visual environment 视觉环境Visual landscape capacity 视觉景观容量Tour industry 旅游业Service industry 服务业Relief road 辅助道路Rural population 城镇居民Roofline 屋顶轮廓线风景园林四大要素:landscape plantarchitecture/buildingtopographywater·Urban designNature reserve 自然保护区Civic enterprise 市政企业Artery 动脉,干道,大道Land developer 土地开发商Broad thorough-fare 主干道·Water supply and drainageA water supply for a town 城市给水系统Storage reservoir 水库,蓄水库Distribution reservoir 水库,配水库Distribution pipes 配水管网Water engineer 给水工程师Distribution system 配水系统Catchment area 汇水面积Open channel 明渠Sewerage system 污水系统,排污体制Separate 分流制Combined 合流制Rainfall 降水Domestic waste 生活污水Industrial waste 工业污水Stream flow 河流流量Runoff 径流Treatment plant 处理厂Sub-main 次干管Branch sewer 支管City water department 城市供水部门·UrbanizationSpatial structure 空间转移Labor force 劳动力Renewable 可再生*Biosphere 生物圈Blueprints 蓝图License 执照,许可证Minerals 矿物Hydroelectric power source 水利资源Monuments 纪念物High-rise apartment 高层建筑物Lawn 草地Pavement 人行道Sidewalk 人行道Winding street 曲折的路·A view of VeniceMetropolis 都市Construction work 市政建设Slums 平民窟Alleys 大街小巷Populate 居住Gothic 哥特式Renaissance 文艺复兴式Baroque 巴洛克式房屋结构roof屋顶;shutter百叶窗;drip edge滴水檐;asphalt shingles沥青瓦;casing 门窗的框;wall stud墙架柱;mudsill底梁;header过梁,顶梁;top plate顶板;exterior sheathing外墙建筑模板;roof sheathing屋面板;roofing felt屋顶油毛毡建筑的专业术语Design basis设计依据;Design stage设计阶段;Climate condition气象条件;Roofing & Ceiling屋面及天棚;Cladding外墙板;Floor & Trench地面及地沟;Ironmongery(Building hardware)建筑五金器具;Staircase楼梯;Landing & Lift(Elevator)休息平台及电梯。
城市规划外文翻译英语词汇总结
城市规划外文翻译英语词汇总结草图Draft drawing/sketch平面Plan总平面master plan剖面Section立面Elevation正立面Fa?ade透视图Perspective轴测图Axonometric view示意图/分析图Diagram地图分析/制图mapping/ mapping diagram图表chart/table容积率floor area ratio覆盖率Coverage城市设计Urban design; civic design区域规划Regional planning总体规划comprehensive planning/ master planning/ overall planning 分区规划District planning/ zoning act控制性详细规划Regulatory Plan修建性详细规划Site planning (constructive-detailed planning) 场地规划Site planning近期建设规划Immediate planning步行轴Walking axis概念设计conceptual design方案设计schematic design扩初设计design development详细设计、细部设计Detail Design城市化Urbanization城市生态Urban ecology城市农业urban farming/ urban agriculture经济能量来源Economy energy sources可持续发展Sustainable development历史性城市的保护规划Preservation Plan of historic cities旧城更新、改造-Urban Regeneration/Urban Revitalization/Retrofitting Plan 城市再开发-Urban Redevelopment开发区Development area城市化水平Urbanization level城市群Urban Agglomeration/ Metropolitan Area/ Metropolitan Coordinating Region/mega region城市系统Urban system卫星城市(城镇)Satellite town/ affiliate township城市基础设施Urban infrastructure市政基础设施Municipal Infrastructure绿色基础设施Green Infrastructure生态基础设施Ecological Infrastructure居民点Settlement城市City市Municipality; city城镇Town城市管理区域Administrative region of a city商业区Commercial district民政区域Civil district居住区规划Residential area planning护林区Ranger district绿地Percentage of greenery coverage绿化覆盖率Ratio of green space绿地率Landscaping within factory工厂绿化Landscaping of square广场绿化Landscaping of residential area居住区绿化Improved vegetation & wildlife谷底植栽场Landscaping around public building公共建筑绿化Indoor garden室外绿化Urban green 城市绿化Urban green space system城市绿化系统Public green space公共绿地Park公园Green belt 绿地Specified green space专用绿地Green buffer防护绿地空间(建筑)Parlor客厅Washroom; toilet卫生间、洗手间Balcony阳台、包厢Bathroom浴室Cabinet橱柜Courtyard building庭院建筑Dining-room ; dining hall餐厅Entrance入口Kitchen厨房Roof屋顶Kid room儿童房Dollhouse儿童游乐室Living room起居室Pavilion亭、阁Private garden私家花园Resident住宅Shared zone共享空间Toilet洗手间Servants hall用人房Scale比例Element要素、自然环境conference center会议中心Retailshop零售商店Theatre剧院园林景观Arbor乔木Shrub灌木Band stone铺石Car park below地下车库Carved paving bands曲线形铺地Cartilage Garth 庭园Courtyard identification sign标志牌Courtyard 庭院Fall瀑布Feature景色Footpath步道Garden bridge园桥Garden and park园林Herbage草本植物Liana藤本植物Natural cut stone砌石Pave铺地Pavilion 亭、阁Pavilion on terrace榭Planting植被Planting beds 花坛Plaza大广场Platform台Deck promenade栈道Pole lights灯柱Pool小水池Sculpture雕塑常用的景观英文参考1.主入口大门/岗亭(车行& 人行)MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE main entrance gate/guard house (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN ) for vehicle& pedestrian2.次入口/岗亭(车行& 人行)2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE 2nd entrance gate/guard house (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )3.商业中心入口ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR. Entrance to shopping ctr.4.水景WATER FEATURE water feature5.小型露天剧场MINI AMPHI-THEATRE mini amphitheatre6.迎宾景观-1WELCOMING FEATURE-1 welcoming feature-17.观景木台TIMBER DECK (VIEWING) timber deck (viewing)8.竹园BAMBOO GARDEN bamboo garden9.漫步广场WALKWAY PLAZA walkway plaza10.露天咖啡廊OUT DOOR CAFE out door cafe11.巨大迎宾水景-2GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE-2 grand welcoming feature-2 12.木桥TIMBER BRIDGE timber bridge13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台ROCK'SCAPE WATERFALL'S rock's cape waterfall's GROTTO/ VIEWING TERRACE grotto/ viewing terrace14.吊桥HANGING BRIDGE hanging bridge15.休憩台地(低处)LOUNGING TERRACE (LOWER ) lounging terrace (lower ) 16.休憩台地(高处)LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER ) Lounging terrace (upper )17.特色踏步FEATURE STEPPING STONE feature stepping stone18.野趣小溪RIVER WILD river wild19.儿童乐园CHILDREN'S PLAYGROUND children's playground20.旱冰道SLIDE Slide21.羽毛球场BADMINTON COURT badminton court 网球场Tennis court 22.旱景DRY LANDSCAPE dry landscape23.日艺园JAPANESE GARDEN Japanese garden24.旱喷泉DRY FOUNTAIN dry fountain25.观景台VIEWING DECK viewing deck26.游泳池SWIMMING POOL swimming pool27.极可意JACUZZI JacuzziWADING POOL wading pool29.儿童泳池CHILDREN'S POOL children's pool30.蜿蜒水墙WINDING WALL winding wall31.石景雕塑ROCK SCULPTURE rock sculpture32.中心广场CENTRAL PLAZA central plaza33.健身广场EXERCISE PLAZA exercise plaza34.桥BRIDGE bridge35.交流广场MEDITATING PLAZA meditating plaza36.趣味树阵TREE BATTLE FORMATION tree battle formation 37.停车场PARING AREA paring area38.特色花架TRELLIS trellisSCULPTURE TRAIL sculpture trail40.(高尔夫)轻击区PUTTING GREEN putting green41.高尔夫球会所GOLF CLUBHOUSE golf clubhouse42.每栋建筑入口ENTRANCE PAVING TO UNIT entrance paving to unit43.篮球场BASKETBALL COURT basketball court44.网球场TENNIS COURT tennis court45.阶梯坐台/种植槽TERRACING SEATWALL/PLANTER terracing seat wall /planter 46.广场MAIN PLAZA main plaza47.森林、瀑布FOREST GARDEN WATERFALL forest garden waterfall48.石景园ROCKERY GARD。
城市规划专业术语英文
城市规划建设英语术语保留地reserved land步行街pedestrian street仓储区warehouse district仓储用地warehouse land城市(城镇)city城市布局urban layout城市道路面积率urban road area ratio城市道路网urban road network城市道路网密度density of urban road network城市道路系统urban road system城市对外交通intercity transportation城市发展方向direction for urban development城市发展目标goal for urban development城市发展战略strategy for urban development城市防洪urban flood control城市防洪标准flood control standard城市防洪工程flood control works城市防空urban air defense城市防灾urban disaster prevention城市防震earthquake hazard protection城市给水water supply城市给水工程water supply engineering城市给水系统water supply system城市工程管线综合integrated design for utilities pipelines城市功能分区functional districts城市供电电源power source城市供电系统power supply system城市供热系统district heating system城市规划urban planning城市规划法规legislation on urban planning城市规划管理urban planning administration城市规划建设管理urban planning and development control 城市规划区urban planning area城市规划用地管理urban planning land use administration 城市规模city size城市化urbanization城市化水平urbanization level城市环境保护city environmental protection城市环境污染city environmental pollution城市环境质量city environmental quality城市环境质量评价city environmental quality assessment城市基础设施urban infrastructure城市集中供热district heating城市建成区urban built-up area城市交通urban transportation城市交通预测urban transportation forecast城市结构urban structure城市绿地系统urban green space system城市绿化urban afforestation城市排水sewerage城市排水工程sewerage engineering城市排水系统sewerage system城市群agglomeration城市燃气gas城市燃气供应系统gas supply system城市人口机械增长率mechanical growth rate of population 城市人口结构urban population structure城市人口年龄构成age composition城市人口预测urban population forecast城市人口增长urban population growth城市人口增长率urban population growth rate城市人口自然增长率natural growth rate城市设计urban design城市生态平衡balance of city ecosystem城市生态系统city ecosystem城市通信communication城市通信系统communication system城市污水sewage城市详细规划detailed plan城市消防urban fire control城市形态urban morphology城市性质designated function of city城市用地urban landunban planning 城市规划town planning 城镇规划act of urban planning 城市规划法urban comprehensive planning 城市总体规划urban detailed planning 城市详细规划Residentiral district detailed planning 修建性详规regulatory detailed planning 控制性详规规划类的专业课程reginal planning 区域规划urban system planning 城镇体系规划urban sociology 城市社会学urban economic 城市经济学urban geograghy 城市地理学urban infrastructure planning 城市基础设施规划(water supply and drainage \electricity supply\road building)(城市供水、供电、道路修建)urban road system and transportation planning 城市道路系统和交通规划urban road cross-section 城市道路横断面urban management information system 城市管理信息系统GIS =geograghy information system 地理信息系统RS=remote sensing 遥感Gardening==Landscape architecture 园林=营造景观学Urban landscape planning and design 城市景观规划和设计Urban green space system planning 城市绿地系统规划Urban design 城市设计·Land-use planning 土地利用规划The cultural and historic planning 历史文化名城Protection planning 保护规划Urbanization 城市化Suburbanization 郊区化Public participation 公众参与Sustainable development(sustainability) 可持续性发展(可持续性)Over-all urban layout 城市整体布局Pedestrian crossing 人行横道Human scale 人体尺寸(sculpture fountain tea bar) (雕塑、喷泉、茶吧)Traffic and parking 交通与停车Landscape node 景观节点·Brief history of urban planningArchaeological 考古学的Habitat 住处Aesthetics 美学Geometrical 几何学的Moat 护城河Vehicles 车辆,交通工具,mechanization 机械化merchant-trader 商人阶级urban elements 城市要素plazas 广场malls 林荫道·The city and regionAdaptable 适应性强的Organic entity 有机体Department stores 百货商店Opera 歌剧院Symphony 交响乐团Cathedrals 教堂Density 密度Circulation 循环Elimination of water 水处理措施In three dimensional form 三维的Condemn 谴责Rural area 农村地区Regional planning agencies 区域规划机构Service-oriented 以服务为宗旨的Frame of reference 参考标准Distribute 分类Water area 水域Alteration 变更Inhabitants 居民Motorway 高速公路Update 改造论文写作Abstract 摘要Key words 关键词Reference 参考资料·Urban problem Dimension 大小Descendant 子孙,后代Luxury 奢侈Dwelling 住所Edifices 建筑群<Athens Charter>雅典宪章Residence 居住Employment 工作Recreation 休憩Transportation交通Swallow 吞咽,燕子Anti- 前缀,反对……的;如:antinuclear反核的 anticlockwise逆时针的Pro- 前缀,支持,同意……的;如:pro-American 亲美的pro-education重教育的Grant 助学金,基金Sewage 污水Sewer 污水管Sewage treatment plant 污水处理厂Brain drain 人才流失Drainage area 汇水面积Traffic flow 交通量Traffic concentration 交通密度Traffic control 交通管制Traffic bottleneck 交通瓶颈地段Traffic island 交通岛(转盘)Traffic point city 交通枢纽城市Train-make-up 编组站Urban redevelopment 旧城改造Urban revitalization 城市复苏·Urban FunctionUrban form 城市形体Warehouse 仓库Material processing center 原料加工中心Religious edifices 宗教建筑Correctional institution 教养院Transportation interface 交通分界面CBD=central business district 城市中心商业区Public agencies of parking 停车公共管理机构Energy conservation 节能Individual building 单一建筑Mega-structures 大型建筑Mega- 大,百万,强Megalopolis 特大城市Megaton 百万吨R residence 居住用地黄色C commercial 商业用地红色M manufacture 工业用地紫褐色W warehouse 仓储用地紫色T transportation 交通用地蓝灰色S square 道路广场用地留白处理U utilities 市政公共设施用地接近蓝灰色G green space 绿地绿色P particular 特殊用地E 水域及其他用地(除E外,其他合为城市建设用地)Corporate 公司的,法人的Corporation 公司企业Accessibility 可达性;易接近Service radius 服务半径·Urban landscapeTopography 地形图Well-matched 相匹配Ill-matchedVisual landscape 视觉景观Visual environment 视觉环境Visual landscape capacity 视觉景观容量Tour industry 旅游业Service industry 服务业Relief road 辅助道路Rural population 城镇居民Roofline 屋顶轮廓线风景园林四大要素:landscape plantarchitecture/buildingtopographywater·Urban designNature reserve 自然保护区Civic enterprise 市政企业Artery 动脉,干道,大道Land developer 土地开发商Broad thorough-fare 主干道·Water supply and drainageA water supply for a town 城市给水系统Storage reservoir 水库,蓄水库Distribution reservoir 水库,配水库Distribution pipes 配水管网Water engineer 给水工程师Distribution system 配水系统Catchment area 汇水面积Open channel 明渠Sewerage system 污水系统,排污体制Separate 分流制Combined 合流制Rainfall 降水Domestic waste 生活污水Industrical waste 工业污水Stream flow 河流流量Runoff 径流Treatment plant 处理厂Sub-main 次干管Branch sewer 支管City water department 城市供水部门·UrbanizationSpatial structure 空间转移Labor force 劳动力Renewable 可再生* Biosphere 生物圈Planned citiesBlueprints 蓝图License 执照,许可证Minerals 矿物Hydroelectric power source 水利资源Monuments 纪念物High-rise apartment 高层建筑物Lawn 草地Pavement 人行道Sidewalk 人行道Winding street 曲折的路·A view of VeniceMetropolis 都市Construction work 市政建设Slums 平民窟Alleys 大街小巷Populate 居住Gothic 哥特式Renaissance 文艺复兴式Baroque 巴洛克式。
建筑、园林、城市规划英文名词
人体测量学-anthropometry人体尺寸-human dimensions人体舒适-human comfort人因工效学-human factor engineering 人类群居学-ekistics环境心理学-environmental psychology 人类生态学-human ecology建筑类型学-building typology空间构图-space configuration领域性-territoriality建筑经济学-building economics价值工程学-value engineering费用效益-cost effectiveness建筑美学-architectural aesthetics艺术格调-artistic touch建筑几何学-architectural geometry建筑形态学-architectural morphology 环境艺术-environmental art建筑文脉-architectural context建筑符号学-architectural semiotics模式语言-pattern language建筑设计方法学-architectural design methodology无障碍设计-barrier free design古建筑保护-historical building presvervation风水学-fengshui建筑科学-building science建筑气候学-building climatology 建筑物理[学]-building physics建筑光学-building optics建筑热学-building thermodymamics,building thermology建筑声学-building acoustics太阳能建筑-solar building建筑工程-building engineering建筑标准化-building standardization建筑模数-building module模数协调-modular coordination建筑工业化-building industrialization工业化建筑体系-industrialized buildingsystem支撑体系-support system填充体系-infill system建筑安全-building safety建筑防灾-building disaster prevention建筑节能-building energy conservation减灾学-natural disaster prevention建筑防火-building fire protection建筑抗震-building aseismicity建筑病理-building pathology健康建筑-healthy building建筑综合症-synthetic buildingsyndrome,SBS建筑保安-building security防卫性空间-defensible space建筑性能-building performance建筑评价-building evaluation社会影响评价-social impactassessment,SIA环境影响评价-environmental impactassessment,EIA建筑测量-building surveying建筑勘探-building geotechnics工程施工-engineering construction建筑材料-building material建筑制品-building product建筑构造-architectural construction建筑设备系统-building service system建筑设备-building equipment建筑设备安装-building equipmentinstallation建筑设施-building facilities建筑设施管理-building facilitiesmanagement建筑装修-builidng finishing室内装饰-interior decoration建筑壁画-mural浅浮雕-bas-relief建筑维护-building maintenance建筑修缮-building repair建筑管理-building management建筑业-building industry建筑立法-building legislation建筑史-architectural history古典建筑-classical architecture古典柱式-classical order美索不达米亚建筑-Mesopotamian architecture古希腊建筑-Greek architecture古罗马建筑-Roman architecture拜占庭建筑-Byzantine architecture罗曼式建筑-Romanesque architecture 哥特式建筑-Gothic architecture文艺复兴建筑-Renaissance architecture 巴洛克建筑-Baroque architecture洛可可建筑-Rococo architecture伊斯兰建筑-Islamic architecture新艺术运动-Art-nouveau Movement现代主义-modernism国际风格-International Style后现代主义-post-modernism功能主义-functionalism构成主义-constructivism表现主义-expressionism手法主义-mannerism折中主义-eclecticism结构主义-structuralism新古典主义-neoclassicism复古主义-revivalism民族风格-national style新理性主义-neorationalism批判地方主义-critical regionalism解构主义-deconstruction反构成主义-deconstructivism粗野主义-brutalism 文脉主义-contextualism新陈代谢主义-metabolism高技术建筑-hightech architecture乡土建筑-vernacular architecture有机建筑-organic architecture国际建筑师协会-Union of InternationalArchitects, UIA亚洲建筑师协会-Architects RegionalCouncil Asia, ARCASIA中国建筑学会-Architectural Society ofChina, ASC单层建筑-single-story building多层建筑-multistory building高层建筑-highrise building, tallbuilding超高层建筑-super highrise building,supertall building摩天楼-skyscraper活动房屋-mobile house建筑队群-building group裙房-podium楼层-floor夹层-mezzanine底层-ground floor地下室-basement半地下室-sub-basement顶层-top floor楼板-roof slab房间-room走廊-corridor游廊-gallery入口-entrance门斗-anteroom/foyer门厅-enrtance hall, vestibule骑楼-overhang接待室-reception room会议室-conference room值班室-janitor's room收发室-mail/distribution room问询处-information desk衣帽间-coat room, cloak room开水间-water heater room卫生间-washroom厕所-toilet浴室-bathroom电话总机房-telephone exchange room电子计算机房-computer room广播室-broadcasting room储藏室-storage room变电间-substation/transformation substation锅炉间-boiler room阳台-balcony平台-terrace/deck天井-light court/light well屋前空地-frontage居住建筑-residential building人居-human habitat住房-housing独户住宅-single family house/SF多户住宅-multi-family house联排式住宅-row house, terrace house 台阶式住宅-stepped house, terraced house公寓式住宅-apartment house板式住宅-slab block点式住宅-point block跃层式公寓-skip-floor aparment外廊式公寓-exterior-corridor type apartmnet步行上楼式公寓-walk-up apartment电梯式公寓-elevator apartment酒店式公寓-service/residential apartment公寓式办公楼-apartment office building酒店式办公楼-hotel office building综合楼-multiple-use building商务写字楼-business office building平房-one-story house, bungalow农舍-cottage别墅-villa庭院式住宅-courtyard house两层独立公寓-maisonette宿舍-dormitory青年公寓-youth apartment老年公寓-house for the elderly养老院-nursing home公共活动室-commom room, community room 卧室-bedroom起居室-living room书房-study餐室-dining room厨房-kitchen壁柜-wall unit, case unit吊柜-hanging cabinet地窖-cellar教育建筑-educational building大学建筑-university building学院建筑-institute building, collegebuilding专科学校建筑-special college building中学建筑-secondary school building职业学校建筑-vocational school building小学建筑-elementary school building幼儿园-kindergarten寄宿制托儿所-nursery全日制托儿所-day-care center教室-classroom阶梯教室-lecture theater电化教室-audio-visual classroom实验教室-laboratory美术教室-artroom音乐教室-music room劳作教室-handicraft room实验工厂-practice workshop儿童活动室-children's playroom哺乳室-nursing room配乳室-milk kitchen隔离室-isolation room学生中心-students' center游戏场地-playground黑板-blackborad讲台-forum文化建筑-cultural building图书馆-library博物馆-museum科技馆-science museum美术馆-art museum画廓-gallery文化中心-cultural center展览馆-exhibition hall天文馆-planetarium水族馆-aquarium自然博物馆-natural history museum青年中心-youth center妇女中心-women's center陈列室-display room展览室-exhibition room阅览室-reading room阅览间-reading carrel微缩图书阅览室-microfilm readingroom善本图书阅览室-rare books readingroom文献资料阅览室-reference literatureroom目录厅-catalogue room出纳处-lending department编目室-cataloging room鉴定室-authentication room研究室-research room复印室-copying room装订室-binding room书库-stack room开架管理-open stack management 闭架管理-closed stack management 书架-book shelf展览架-display shelf体育建筑-sport building体育场-stadium室内体育场-indoor stadium体育馆-sports hall游泳馆-swimming hall, natatorium 健身房-gymnasium田径场-track field足球场-football court, soccer court 篮球场-basketball court排球场-volleyball court手球场-handball court垒球场-softball court网球场-tennis court羽毛球场-badminton court壁球场-squash court棒球场-baseball field射击场-shooting range 射箭场-archery赛马场-race course斗牛场-bullfighting arena自行车赛场-velodrome滑冰场-skating rink水上运动场-aquatic sport waters冰球场-ice hockey rink曲棍球场-hockey field高尔夫球场-golf course跳伞俱乐部-parachute club保龄球场-bowling club桑拿浴室-sauna bathroom按摩室-massage room练习场-warm-up看台-grandstand活动看台-movable stand裁判席-referee's seat运动员席-sportsman's seat固定座位-bleacher场地-field跑道-track跳高场地-high jump runway跳远场地-long jump runway三级跳远场地-triple jump runway撑竿跳高场地-pole vault runway标枪投掷区-javelin throwing zone铅球投掷区-hammer throwing zone铁饼投掷区-discus throwing zone障碍赛跑道-hurdle race track跳水池-diving pool武术场地-martial arts ground举重场地-weightlifting platform摔跤场地-wrestling ring拳击比赛台-boxing ring击剑场地-fencing area游泳池-swimming pool泳道-swimming lane跳水台-diving platform体操台-gymnastic floor单杠-horizontal bar双杠-parallel bars高低杠-uneven parallel bars吊环-rings鞍马-vaulting horse跳马-pommel horse自由体操-free exercise平衡木-halancing beam篮球架-backboard球门-goal记分牌-scoreboard跳伞塔-parachuting tower观演建筑-theatrical building剧院-theater, playhouse表演艺术中心-performing arts center歌剧院-opera house芭蕾舞剧院-ballet theater京剧院-Beijing opera theater木偶剧院-puppet play theater露天剧场-open air theater, amphitheater话剧院-drama theater实验剧场-experimental theater电影院-cinema, movie theater全景电影院-panoramic cinema立体电影院-stereophonic cinema汽车影院-drive-in theater音乐厅-concert hall交响乐厅-symphony hall独唱独奏厅-recital hall观众厅-auditorium座席容量-seating capacity多用途观众厅-multiuse auditorium 多媒体演出-multimedia performance 地面升起-rakde floor视线-sight line排距-row spacing错排座席-staggered seating纵过道-longitudinal aisle横过道-transverse aisle天花反射板-ceiling reflector池座层-orchestra level池座前排-stall楼层挑台-balcony楼面层-tier包厢-box迟到席-late-comers' seat舞台-stage 箱形舞台-proscenium frame stage旋转舞台-revolving stage凸出舞台-thrust stage中心舞台-arena stage活动舞台-flexible stage基本台-main stage侧台-side stage转台-turntable升降台-elevating stage, stage lift车台-wagon stage表演区-acting area乐池-orchestra pit台唇-apron, forestage台口-proscenium假台口-false proscenium, adjustableproscenium大幕-front curtain, house tabs防火幕-fire curtain天幕-cyclorama边幕-wing sets声罩-acoustic shell布景-stage scenery道具-stage property, prop银幕-film screen宽银幕-wide film screen立体银幕-cinemascope screen天桥-fly gallery灯光渡桥-traveling lighting gallery舞台塔-fly tower舞台吊杆-flybar, barrten手动吊杆-hand-driven battern电动吊杆-motorized winch batten单式吊杆-single purchase counterweightbatten复式吊杆-double purchasecounterweight batten排烟窗-vent window舞台灯光-stage lighting耳光-wall-slot lighting面光-front lighting侧光-side lighting放映室-projection booth, projectionroom放映孔-projection port观察窗-observation port后台-back stage化妆室-dressing room, make-up room排练厅-rehearsal room演员休息室-green room舞台监督室-stge manager's room灯光控制室-light control room音响控制室-sound control room前厅-foyer售票处-box office疏散出口-emergency exit娱乐建筑-recreation building娱乐中心-recreation center舞厅-ballroom俱乐部-clubhouse夜总会-night club舞池-dancing floor医[疗]卫[生]建筑-medical building医院-hospital综合医院-general hospital精神医院-mental health hospital口腔医院-dental hospital妇科医院-gynaecologic hospital妇产医院-obstetric hospital儿科医院-pediatric hospital传染医院-contagious disease hospital 肿瘤医院-tumour hospital眼科医院-ophthalmologic hospital疗养院-sanatorium急球中心-emergency care center康复中心-rehabilitation center中医院-traditional Chinese medical hospital医疗站-medical station卫生所-health center防疫站-health and quarantine station 门诊部-outpatient department急诊部-emergency department治疗部-examination-treatment center理疗部-therapeutic department化疗部-chemical treatment department 手术部-operation department,surgical suite 针灸部-acupuncture department放射部-radioactive department分娩部-delivery department住院部-ward同位素室-radioisotope unit化验室-testing laboratory挂号处-admitting office候诊室-waiting lounge诊室-consulting room药房-pharmacy病房-patients' room隔离病房-isolation ward阳光室-solaria营养厨房-dietary kitchen手术准备室-preparation room手术消毒室-sterilizing room麻醉室-anesthesia room手术洗涤室-scrub-up停尸房-mortuary解剖室-autopsy room中心供应站-central supply工业建筑-industrial building火力发电厂-steam power station选煤厂-coal preparation plant炼油厂-oil refinery液化石油气厂-liquid petroleum gasplant, LPG plant自来水厂-water supply andpurification plant钢铁厂-iron and steel works铝厂-aluminium factory焦化厂-coke plant机械厂-machine making factory汽车厂-automobile factory拖拉机厂-tractor factory机车车辆厂-locomotive and coachwagon factory机床厂-machine tool factory电机厂-electric motor factory冷冻机厂-refrigerating machine wagon锅炉厂-boiler making factory轴承厂-bearing factory齿轮厂-gear factory电镀厂-electroplating factory电解厂-electrolysis tactory建筑机械厂-building equipment factory建筑材料厂-building material factory建筑五金厂-building hardware factory建筑陶瓷厂-building ceramics factory水泥厂-cement works砖瓦厂-brick and tile factory木材厂-woodworking factory大理石厂-marble factory精密仪器厂-precision instrument factory仪器仪表厂-instument and meterfactory钟表厂-clock and watch factory眼镜厂-spectacles factory化工厂-chemical plant塑料厂-plastics plant制药厂-pharmaceutical factory油漆厂-paint factory制管厂-piping factory皮毛加工厂-leather factory纺织厂-textile mill针织厂-knitting mill印染厂-dyeing plant服装厂-tailor shop鞋厂-shoemaking factory工艺美术厂-handicraft factory印刷厂-printing press玩具厂-toy making factory面包厂-bakery面粉厂-flour mill食品厂-food products factory清真食品厂-muslem food products factory豆制品厂-bean products factory饮料厂-beverage酿酒厂-winery啤酒厂-brewery屠宰厂-butchery肉类加工厂-meat products factory 卷烟厂-cigarette factory茶厂-tea factory糖厂-sugar mill厂房-factory building 车间-workshop堆场-storage yard原料加工车间-raw material handingplant治炼车间-smelting shop铸造车间-casting shop锻造车间-forging shop冲压车间-drop forging shop焊接车间-welding shop金工车间-machine-cutting shop木工车间-carpentry shop加工车间-processing plant装配车间-assembly plant冷拉车间-cold-drawing shop热处理车间-heat-treatment shop电镀车间-electroplating shop电解车间-electrolysis shop油漆车间-painting shop机修车间-machine repair shop中试车间-pilot plant烧制车间-furnace room精密车间-precision workshop洁净车间-dust-proof workshop,clearoom中央试验室-central laboratory动力站-power plant锅炉房-boiler house煤气发生站-gas generating station压缩空气站-compressed air station氧气站-oxygen station乙炔站-acetylene generating station充电站-battery recharge room仓库-warehouse, godown总仓库-central warehouse成品库-final product storage装卸站台-loading platform厂前区-administration quarter生活间-changing room, locker room吊车-crane汽车地磅-truck-weighing platform水塔-water tower电瓶车库-battery car room商业建筑-commercial building百货商店-department store超级市场-supermarket自选商场-self service store购物中心-shopping center市场-market hall农贸市场-farm product market鱼市-fishmonger, fish stall肉市-butcher shop禽市-poultry stall蛋市-egg stall果市-fruit stall菜市场-vegetable market批发商店-wholesale store零售商店-retail store专卖店-speciality shop粮店-grain store副食店-foodstuffs store食品店-provisions shop熟食店-delicatessen shop点心铺-pastry store杂货铺-grocery饭馆-restaurant饮食店-cafeteria小吃店-snack bar快餐店-fast food restaurant茶馆-tea house包子铺-stuffed bun house食堂-canteen中药店-traditional Chinses medicine store西药店-drugstore布店-cloth store呢绒绸缎店-silk and wool fabric store服装店-clothing store鞋帽店-hat and shoes store床上用品店-bed linens store家具店-furniture store眼镜店-spectacles store钟表店-clocks and watches store文具用品店-stationary store书店-bookstore花店-flower shop服饰店-haberdashery 洗染店-laundering and dyeing shop干洗店-dry cleaning shop工艺美术品店-arts and cafts store金银手饰店-jewelry store珠宝店-jewelry shop照相馆-photo studio理发店-barber shop美发廊-hair salon美容院-beauty parlour浴堂-bath house旅馆-hotel旅店-inn宾馆-guesthouse汽车旅馆-motel银行-bank储蓄所-saving bank证券交易所-stock exchange营业厅-shopping hall售货区-Sales area顾客活动区-customers' area橱窗-shop window, show window收款柜台-cashier货架-shelf货柜-counter卸货间-delivery room卸货台-delivery platform主食加工间-staple food processingroom副食加工间-non-staple food processingroom主食库-staple food storage副食库-non-staple food storage调料库-condiment storage备餐间-pantry, food preparation room食具洗涤消毒间-ware washing andsterilizing room烧火间-firing sector冷[藏]库-cold storage冷藏间-refrigerated storage room冷冻间-freezed storage room制冻间-ice-mking room客房-guest room套间客房-suite总统客房-presidential suite单床间-single-bed room双床间-double room休息厅-looby, loung接待厅-reception hall,front desk总服务台-reception desk餐厅-dining hall中餐厅-Chinese restaurant西餐厅-west restaurant咖啡厅-coffee house, coffee shop风味餐厅-speciality restaurant宴会厅-banquet hall多功能厅-multi-function hall酒巴间-bar洗手间-rest room洗衣房-laundry交通建筑-transportain building航空港-airport候机楼-air-terminal售票厅-booking hall候机厅-departure hall行李托运站-baggage check-in旅客通道-passenger concourse海关检查处-customs examination登机口-boarding gate行李提取站-bagggage claim停机坪-apron直升机坪-helistop指挥塔-command tower飞机跑道-runway火车站-railway terminal, railway station汽车客运站-bus passenger terminal, bus passenger station水路客运站-waterway passenger terminal, watermqy passenger station 候车室-waiting lounge行李室-luggage room站台-railway platform站台雨棚-platform shed灯塔-beacon, lighthouse汽车库-garage多层车库-multistory garage加油站-petrol filling station 汽车修理站-car repair pit汽车洗车台-car wash岗亭-sentry box农业生产建筑-farm building粮库-granary筒仓-silo种子库-seed storage选种室-seed selection room粮食加工厂-grain processing plant晒场-sunning ground温室-greenhouse塑料大棚-plastic-cover greenhouse农机站-farm machinery station保养间-maintenance shop农具棚-agricultural tools shed零件库-machine parts storage农机修理站-agricultural machine repairstation种马场-stallion barn役马场-military horse harn马厩-horse stable乳牛场-dairy farm牛舍-stanchion barn公牛舍-bull barn犊牛舍-calf barn挤乳间-milking parlour牛乳处理间-milkhouse养鸡场-poultry yard鸡舍-hencoop养猪场-pig farm, hog lot猪舍-pigsty饲料储存处-feed storage饲料加工间-feed processing plant食槽-manger饮水池-drinking water pool人工采精室-sperm collection room授精配种室-sperm fertilization room病兽隔离室-isolation barn兽医站-veterinary stastion积肥场-fertilizer yard沼气池-biomass pool农业服务中心-agricultural servicecenter办公建筑-office building多层办公楼-multistory office高层办公楼-office tower行政办公楼-administrative building专用办公楼-special-use office building综合性办公楼-multiple-use officebuilding智能办公楼-intelligent building, smartbuilding单间式布局-private office layout大空间布局-open landscape layout单走道布局-single-corridor layout双走道布局-double-corridor layout单外廊布局-single exterior-corridorlayout双外廊布局-double exterior-corridor layout办公室-office room设计室-design studio绘图室-driafting room档案室-file room晒图室-reproduction room图档室-drawings and documents room 打字室-typing room模型室-model shop公共建筑-public building国际会议大厦-international convertion hall国家会议大厦-state convention hall市政厅-municipal hall, city hall会议厅-assembly hall礼堂-auditorium主席台-presidium同声传译控制室-simultaneous interpretation booth翻译室-interpreters' room监听室-monitor room扩音控制室-broadcasting control room 电视转播室-television transmission room电视转播车-television transmission vehicle总指挥室-general director's room法院-courthouse 法庭-courtroom法官室-judge's suite秘书室-law clerk's room律师室-lawyer's room证人室-witness' room拘留室-detention room警察局-police station派出所-police substation监狱-prison, jail牢房-prison cell接收牢房-incarceration cell隔离牢房-isolation cell检查室-examination room讯问处-interrogation room看守室-guards' room瞭望室-watchtower消防站-fire station消防车库-fire engine room训练塔-training tower通信建筑-communication building邮局-post office电信楼-telecommunication building营业柜台-clerk counter书写台-writing counter电话间-telephone booth广播楼-broadcasting station电视中心-television center, TV center卫星通信地面站-satellite ground station录音室-recording room演播室-studio微波塔-microwave transmission tower电视塔-TV transmission tower电影制片厂-motion picture studio科学建筑-science building研究中心-research center试验楼-laboratory building试验室-laboratory room物理试验室-physics laboratory化学试验室-chemistry laboratory光学试验室-optics laboratory声学试验室-acoustic laboratory混响室-reverberationroom隔声室-soundproof room消声室-sound attenuation room,anechoic room热工试验室-thermal science laboratory生物试验室-biology laboratory机械性能试验室-mechanical propertieslaboratory无菌室-bacteria-free room计量室-metrology room天平室-balance room电子显微镜室-electronic microscopyroom试验台-testing counter通风罩-ventilation hood天文台-observatory气象台-meteorological station宗教建筑-religious building庙-temple寺-buddhist temple庵-nunnery祠-shrine观-taoist temple山门-temple gate大殿-main temple hall经堂-scripture hall钟楼-bell tower鼓楼-drum tower纪念建筑-memorial building纪念碑-memorial monument台座-pedestal纪念堂-memorial hall纪念牌坊-monumental gateway地下建筑-underground building人防地下室-air-raid shelter人防工程-civil air denfence shelter防核尘地下室-fallout shelter地铁车站-subway station, metro station地下商场-underground store地下窑居-underground dwelling地下珍宝馆-underground treasure chamber地下车库-underground garage地下仓库-underground warehouse地下金库-underground gold treasury 地下冷库-underground cold storage地下粮仓-underground granary地下试验室-underground testinglaboratory生土建筑-earth building窑居-cave dwelling夯土房-rammed earth construction土筑房-earthwork house土坯房-adobe house覆土建筑-earth-covered construction自行车棚-bicycle shed围墙-fence wall, enclosure wall大门-entrance gate, main door门房-gatehouse设计管理-design administration建筑法-buliding law,building ordinance建筑师注册法-architects' registrationordinance职业工程师法-professional engineers' law建筑主管机关-building authority建筑设计院-building design institute建筑设计所-building design office建筑师-architect结构工程师-structural engineer职业工程师-professional engineer咨询工程师-design consultant估价师-estimator, quantity surveyor设计委托-design commission设计协议-design agreement设计合同-design contract设计义务-design liability损害义务-tort liability设计费-design fee收费标准-fee scale百分比收费-percentage cost fee单位面积收费-unit area fee总额收费-lump sum fee成本附加费-cost plus fee资质审查-qualification注册-registration执照-license合伙制设计事务所-design partnership设计规范-design code设计标准-design approval职业道德守则-code of professional ethics设计程序-design process可行性研究-feasibility study机会研究-opportunity study建筑策划-architectural programming场址选择-site selection需求预测-demand forecasting价格分析-price analysis建筑条件-construction conditions设计方案-design alternative劳动定员-manpower quota实施计划-implementation schedule投资额-investment cost运行成本-running cost, operating cost资金返本期-payback period投资返回率-rate of return投资决策-investment decision面积定额-building area quota设计任务书-design brief/proposal建设单位/客户-client建设项目-building project建设规模-building size建设场址-building site建设工期-construction period设计标准-design standard投资限额-control budget人均指标-per capita index设计阶段-design stage, design phase方案设计-schematic design构思设计-concept design方案估算-schematic design estimate初步设计-preliminary design设计概算-preliminary estimate扩大初步设计-expanded preliminary design 技术设计-design development施工图-working/constructiondrawing/document工程量表-bill of quantities, BOQ材料设备表-material and equipment schedule工程预算-detail estimate施工说明书-specification施工组织设计-construction management planning项目管理-project management成本计划-cost planning成本控制-cost control施工监督-construction supervision隐蔽工程验收-subsurface work acceptance变更通告单-change order进度证明书-certificate on progress工程验收-acceptance on examination竣工图-as-built drawing/record drawings工程决算-final building cost设计前期工作-predesign work环境分析-environmental analysis项目服务面积-catchment area人口分析-demographic analysis地文分析-physiographic analysis场地分析-site analysis场地位置-site location场地通达度-site accessibility场地方位-site orientation场地地形-site topography场地地貌-surface feature土质条件-soil condition排水条件-drainage condition阳光入射角-solar angle阳光辐射强度-solar radiation intensity交通条件-transportation condition公用设施条件-utility availability生态条件-ecological condition场地边线-site boundary地役权-easement通过权-right of way使用限制权-deed restriction土地价值-land value功能分析-function analysis空间需求-space requirement空间组成-spatial composition流通模式-circulation pattern近邻性分析-adjacency analysis行为背景-behavior setting群体交互-group interaction场地规划-site planning总平面运输设计-general layout andtransportation design建筑朝向-building orientation阴影模式分析-shadow pattern analysis竖向设计-vertical design土方平衡-cut and fill balance流线设计-circulation design道路设计-road design尽端路-cul-de-sac (法)建筑物设计-building design建筑设计-architectural design建筑创作-architectural creation结构设计-structural design设备设计-building service design上下水设计-water supply and seweragedesign暖通设计-heating and ventilation design空调设计-air conditioning design照明设计-illumination design动力系统设计-power system design通信系统设计-communication design室内交通设计-interior transportation design 功能空间一览表-functional space schedule 气泡图-bubble diagram平面布置-floor plan layout空间综合-spatial synthesis日照计算-solar calculation, daylight calcula-tion视线设计-sight line design视点-reference point视距-sight distance视角-sight angle视线升高-eye-level rise热工设计-thermal performance design节能设计-energy saving design室内设计-interior design门窗表-door and window schedule计算机辅助建筑设计-computer-aided-architectural-design, CAAD 建筑描述系统-building description system 项目数据库-project database形象图库-image library详图图库-detail library部件图库-component library二维制图系统-2D drafting system 三维模型系统-3D modelling system自动详图制作-automated detailing自动部件选择-automated componentselection三维地貌模型-3D terrain modelling环境模拟-environment simulation热反应模拟-thermal response simulation声学模拟-acoustic simulation色彩模拟-color simulation动态鸟瞰-animated perspective动态漫游-animated walk-through建筑计量-building measurement建筑总面积-gross floor area建筑净面积-net floor area使用面积-usable floor area辅助面积-auxiliary floor area场地面积-site area建筑基底面积-building area容积率-floor-area ratio, plot ratio, FAR建筑密度-building density外延长度-perimetric length长宽比-aspect ratio开间-bay width进深-depth跨度-span层高-story height净高-clear height建筑体积-building volume建筑造型-architectural image形体-figure形状-shape尺度-scale体量-mass比例-proportion黄金分割-golden section节奏-rhythm韵律-meter对称-symmetry反差-contrast平衡-balance层次-layer序列-sequence实体-solid虚体-void质感-texture肌理又称“纹理”-grain色彩又称“亮度”-color明暗度-brightness光影-shade and shadow建筑外立面-facade, elevation建筑细部-architectural detail象征意义-symbolic meaning建筑隐喻-architectural metaphor建筑表达-architectural presentation建筑制图-architectural drafting建筑总平面图-site plan建筑平面图-architectural plan建筑立面图-architectural elevation建筑剖面图-architectural section详图-detail drawing修正图-revised drawing比例尺-scale指北针-compass图例-legend图框-frame素描-sketch徒手素描-free-hand sketch渲染-rendering水彩渲染-water color rendering透视图-perspective drawing鸟瞰图-bird's eye view drawing等视图-isometric drawing轴视图-axonometric drawing建筑模型-building model建筑环境模型-building environment model 防灾设计-disaster prevention design防火设计-fire protection design防火规范-fire code火灾分类-fire hazard classification防火分区-fire compartmentation耐火等级-fire protection rating建筑用途-building occupancy防火间距-fire separation distance防火分区-fire compartment燃烧体-combustible非燃烧体-non-combustible着火性能-flammability 闪点-flash point耐火极限-fire endurance安全出口-safety exit疏散时间-egress time防火墙-fire wall防火带-fire break防火门-fire door, fireproof door防火窗-fire window疏散楼梯-escape stair坚井封闭-shaft enclosure消防梯-fire ladder防火卷帘-fire curtain水幕-water curtain抗震设计-aseismic design,earthquake-resis-tance design防振设计-vibration control design弹性支承-elastic mounting软性覆面-soft floor covering积极防振-active insulation消极隔振-passive insulation防爆设计-blast-proof design易爆物料-explosive material泄瀑-explosive venting吸尘系统-dust-collecting system电磁屏蔽设计-electromagnetic shielding防辐射设计-radiation-proof design铅板屏-lead shielding避雷设计-lightning prevention design防腐蚀设计-corrosion proof design建筑缺陷-building defect地面隆起-earth heaving墙体开裂-wall crazing, wall cracking建筑漏水-water penetration建筑受潮-dampness penetration表面结露-surface sweating, condensation表面起泡-surface blistering表面剥落-surface peeling表面片落-flaking砖面泛白-brick efflorescence管道炸裂-pipe bursting烟囱倾斜-stack leaning梁下垂-beam sagging屋面积水-roof ponding建筑诊断-building diagnosis建筑费用-building cost全寿命费用-life cycle cost初建费用-initial cost标准分项-standardized classification费用项目-cost item场地工程-sitework场地准备-site preparation场地设施-site facility场外工程-off-site work下部结构-substructure上部结构-superstructure围护结构-building envelope, enclosure内部隔断-interior partition机械系统-mechanical system。
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城市和城市化2.0.1 居民点 settlement人类按照生产和生活需要而形成的集聚定居地点。
按性质和人口规模,居民点分为城市和乡村两大类。
2.0.2 城市(城镇)city以非农不业和非农业人口聚集为主要特征的居民点。
包括按国家行政建制设立的市和镇。
2.0.3 市 municipality; city经国家批准设市建制的行政地域。
2.0.4 镇 town.经国家批准设市建制的行政地域。
2.0.5 市域 administrative region of a city城市行政管辖的全部地域。
2.0.6 城市化 urbanization人类生产和生活方式由乡村型向城市型转化的历史过程,表现为乡村人口向城市人口转化以及城市不断发展和完善的过程。
又称城镇化、都市化。
2.0.7 城市化水平 urbanization level衡量城市化发展程度的数量指标,一般用一定地域内城市人口占总人口的比例来表示。
2.0.8 城市群 agglomeration一定地域内城市分布较为密集的地区。
2.0.9 城镇体系 urban system一定区域内在经济、社会和空间发展上具有有机联系的城市群体。
2.0.10 卫星城(卫星城镇)satellite town在大城市市区外围兴建的、与市区既有一定距离又相互间密切联系的城市。
城市规划概述3.0.1 城镇体系规划 urban system planning一定地域范围内,以区域生产力合理布局和城镇职能分工为依据,确定不同人口规模等级和职能分工的城镇的分布和发展规划。
3.0.2 城市规划 urban planning对一定时期内城市的经济和社会发展、土地利用、空间布局以及各项建设的综合部署、具体安排和实施管理。
3.0.3 城市设计 urban design对城市体型和空间环境所作的整体构思和安排,贯穿于城市规划的全过程。
3.0.4 城市总体规划纲要master planning outline确定城市总体规划和重大原则的纲领性文件,是编制城市总体规划的依据。
3.0.5 城市规划区 urban planning area城市市区、近郊区以及城市行政区域内其他因城市建设和发展需要实行规划控制的区域。
3.0.6 城市建成区 urban builtup area城市行政区内实际已成片开发建设、市政公用设施和公共设施基本具备的地区。
3.0.7 开发区 development area上国务院和省级人民政府确定设立的实行国家特定优惠政策和各类开发建设地区的统称。
3.0.8 旧城改建 urban redevelopment对城市旧区进行的调整城市结构、优化城市用地布局、改善和更新基础设施、整治城市环境、保护城市历史风貌等的建设活动。
3.0.9 城市基础设施 urban infrastructure城市生存和发展所必须具备的工程性基础设施和社会性基础设施的总称。
3.0.10 城市总体规划 master plan, comprehensive planning对一定时期内城市性质、发展目标、发展规模、土地利用、空间布局以及各项建设的综合部署和实施措施。
3.0.11 分区规划 district planning在城市总体规划的基础上,对局部地区的土地利用、人口分布、公共设施、城市基础设施的配置等方面所作的进一步安排。
3.0.12 近期建设规划 immediate plan在城市总体规划中,对短期内建设目标、发展布局和主要建设项目的实施所作的安排。
3.0.13 城市详细规划 detailed plan以城市总体规划或分区规划为依据,对一定时期内城市局部地区的土地利用、空间环境和各项建设用地所作的具体安排。
3.0.14 控制性详细规划 regulatory plan以城市总体规划或分区规划为依据,确定建设地区的土地使用性质和使用强度的控制指标、道路和工程管线控制性位置以及空间环境控制的规划要求。
3.0.15 修建性详细规划 site plan以城市总体规划、分区规划或控制性详细规划为依据,制订用以指导各项建筑和工程设施的设计和施工的规划设计。
3.0.16 城市规划管理 urban planning administration城市规划编制、审批和实施等管理工作的统称。
城市规划编制4.1 发展战略4.1.1 城市发展战略 strategy for urban development对城市经济、社会、环境的发展所作的全局性、长远性和纲领性的谋划。
4.1.2 城市职能 urban function城市在一定地域内的经济、社会发展中所发挥的作用和承担的分工。
4.1.3 城市性质 designated function of city城市在一定地区、国家以至更大范围内的政治、经济与社会发展中所处的地位和所担负的主要职能。
4.1.4 城市规模 city size以城市人口和城市用地总量所表示的城市的大小。
4.1.5 城市发展方向 direction for urban development城市各项建设规模扩大所引起的城市空间地域扩展的主要方向。
4.1.6 城市发展目标 goal for urban development在城市发展战略和城市规划中拟定的一定时期内城市经济、社会、环境的发展所应达到的目的和指标。
4.2 城市人口4.2.1 城市人口结构 urban population structure一定时期内城市人口按照性别、年龄、家庭、职业、文化、民族等因素的构成状况。
4.2.2 城市人口年龄结构 age composition一定时间城市人口按年龄的自然顺序排列的数列所反映的年龄状况,以年龄的基本特征划分的各年龄组人数占总人口的比例表示。
4.2.3 城市人口增长 urban population growth在一定时期内由出生、死亡和迁入、迁出等因素的消长,导致城市人口数量增加或减少的变动现象。
4.2.4 城市人口增长率 urban population growth rate一年内城市人口增长的绝对数量与同期该城市年平均总人口数之比。
4.2.5 城市人口自然增长率 natural growth rate一年内城市人口因出生和死亡因素的消长,导致人口增减的绝对数量与同期该城市年平均总人口数之比。
4.2.6 城市人口机械增长率 mechanical growth rate of population一年内城市人口因迁入和迁出因素的消长,导致人口增减的绝对数量与同期该城市年平均总人口数之比。
4.2.7 城市人口预测 urban population forecast4.3 城市用地4.3.1 城市用地 urban land按城市中土地使用的主要性质划分的居住用地、公共设施用地、工业用地、仓储用地、对外交通用地、道路广场用地、市政公用设施用地、绿地、特殊用地、水域和其它用地的统称。
4.3.2 居住用地 residential land在城市中包括住宅及相当于居住小区及小区级以下的公共服务设施、道路和绿地等设施的建设用地。
4.3.3 公共设施用地 public facilities城市中为社会服务的行政、经济、文化、教育、卫生、体育、科研及设计等机构或设施的建设用地。
4.3.4 工业用地 industrial land城市中工矿企业的生产车间、库房、堆场、构筑物及其附属设施(包括其专用的铁路、码头和道路等)的建设用地。
4.3.5 仓储用地 warehouse land城市中仓储企业的库房、堆场和包装加工车间及其附属设施的建设用地。
4.3.6 对外交通用地 intercity transportation land城市对外联系的铁路、公路、管道运输设施、港口、机场及其附属设施的建设用地。
4.3.7 道路广场用地 roads and squares城市中道路、广场和公共停车场等设施的建设用地。
4.3.8 市政公用设施用地 municipal utilities城市中为生活及生产服务的各项基础设施的建设用地包括:供应设施、交通设施、邮电设施、环境卫生设施、施工与维修设施、殡葬设施及其它市政公用设施的建设用地。
4.3.9 绿地 green space城市中专门用以改善生态、保护环境、为居民提供游憩场地和美化景观的绿化用地。
4.3.10 特殊用地 specially-designated land一般指军事用地、外事用地及保安用地等特殊性质的用地。
4.3.11 水域和其它用地 waters and miscellaneous城市范围内包括耕地、园地、林地、牧草地、村镇建设用地、露天矿用地和弃置地,以及江、河、湖、海、水库、苇地、滩涂和渠道等常年有水或季节性有水的全部水域。
4.3.12 保留地 reserved land城市中留待未来开发建设的或禁止开发的规划控制用地。
4.3.13 城市用地评价 urban land use evaluation根据城市发展的要求,对可能作为城市建设用地的自然条件和开发的区位条件所进行的工程评估及技术经济评价。
4.3.14 城市用地平衡 urban land use balance根据城市建设用地标准和实际需要,对各类城市用地的数量和比例所作的调整和综合平衡。
4.4 城市总体布局4.4.1 城市结构 urban structure构成城市经济、社会、环境发展的主要要素,在一定时间形成的相互关联、相互影响与相互制约的关系。
4.4.2 城市布局 urban layout城市土地利用结构的空间组织及其形式和状态。
4.4.3 城市形态 urban morphology城市整体和内部各组成部分在空间地域的分布状态。
4.4.4 城市功能分区 functional districts将城市中各种物质要素,如住宅、工厂、公共设施、道路、绿地等按不同功能进行分区布置组成一个相互联系的有机整体。
4.4.5 工业区 industrial district城市中工业企业比较集中的地区。
4.4.6 居住工 residential district城市中由城市主要道路或自然他界线所围合,设有与其居住人口规模相应的、较完善的、能满足该区居民物质与文化生活所需的公共服务设施的相对独立的居住生活聚居地区。
4.4.7 商业区 commercial district城市中市级或区级商业设施比较集中的地区。
4.4.8 文教区 institutes and colleges district城市中大专院校及科研机构比较集中的地区。
4.4.9 中心商务区 central business district (CBD)大城市中金融、贸易、信息和商务办公活动高度集中,并附有购物、文娱、服务等配套设施的城市中综合经济活动的核心地区。