上海市控江中学2018-2019学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题

控江中学2019 学年高一第二学期英语测试卷Part OneII. GrammarSection ADirections: Beneath each of following sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentences.1. the coming talent competition, he has spent all his free time making preparation.A. winB. WinningC. Having wonD. T o win2.In the middle of the lake a huge island,_ lives a phantom.A. lies, whereB. locates, whereC.stands, in which D.is situated, that3. of current news, whether it is domestics or overseas, is his daily routine.A. Being informedB. InformedC. InformingD. Having been informed4.Many people feel nervous they attend a concert, so I recommend the hall early to have enough time yourself comfortable.A.at the first time, arriving, to makeB. the first time, to arrive, makingC. for the first time, reaching, makingD. the first time, getting to, to make5. hip-hop is popular with youngsters, I’m still not accustomed it.A. As, to appreciatingB. Although, to appreciateC. Even though, to appreciatingD. While, to appreciate6.Mother T eresa great contribution to the world peace,_ she was awarded the Nobel Price in 1979.A. might have made, becauseB. must have made, forC. could have make, sinceD. should have make, asIII. V ocabulary:Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beused once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. investedB. contributedC. shortlyD. honorableE. establishedF. settingG. classicH. humorous I eventually J praise K complexity.Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30, 1835-April 21, 1910), better known by his pen name Mark T wain, was an American author and humorist. T wain grew up in Hannibal, Missouri, which provided the 1 _for Huckleberry Finnand T om Sawyer. After an apprenticeship with a printer, he worked as a typesetter and 2 articles to the newspaper of his older brother, Orion Clemens. He later became a riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River before heading west to join Orion in Nevada. He referred humorously to his singular lack of success at mining, turning to journalism for the Virginia City T erritorial Enterprise. In 1865, his 3_ story The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras spent some time as a miner. The short story brought international attention, and was even translated into 4 Greek. His wit and Satire, in prose and in speech, earned 5_ from critics and peers, and he was a friend to presidents, artists, industrialists, and European royalty.Though T wain earned a great deal of money from his writings and lectures, he 6 _ in ventures that lost a great deal of money, notably the Paige Compositor, a mechanical typesetter, which failed because of its_ 7__ and imprecision. Following these financial setbacks, he filed for protection from his creditors via bankruptcy, and with the help of Henry Huttleston Rogers_ 8 overcame his financial troubles. T wain chose to pay all his pre-bankruptcy creditors in full, though he had no legal responsibility to do so .T wain was born_ 9_ after a visit by Halley’s Comet, and he predicted that he would go out with it, too. He died the day after the comet returned. He _10_ himself as the “g reatest American humorist of his age”,and William Faulkner called T wain “the father of American literatur e”.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The famous American inventor Thomas Alva Edison once claimed that genius was one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration(汗水). Now, it seems, there is scientific evidence to 1_ his claim. The idea that geniuses such as Shakespeare, Mozart, and Picasso possessed certain inborn talents is a false belief, according to a study by a British psychologist and his colleaguesAfter examining outstanding performance in the arts and sports, these researchers concluded that 2 is determined by opportunity, encouragement, training, motivation, self-confidence, and — most important of all —3. Even people who were not thought to be 4 with any special talent could, after having received training, reach levels 5 considered attainable (可获得的) only by gifted individuals. …T alent is a false belief, and it is time that people got rid of it,”they said.This theory —a dramatic __6 with traditional beliefs —has been 7 by academics worldwide. In fact, studies of accomplished artists and mathematicians, and top tennis players and swimmers, have reported few early signs of 8 in these people before any parentalencouragement. No case has been found of anyone reaching the highest levels of achievement without 9 himself or herself to thousands of hours of serious training. Even those who are believed to be exceptionally talented — whether in music, mathematics, chess, or sports — have needed lengthy periods of instruction and practice to achieve their highest level of success. …T he persistent false belief that some people reach high levels of performance without spending numerous hours practising 10 much to the fact that their practice is usually outside the casual observer‟s view,‟ stated one scientist.The importance of practice has been noticed in athletics. For instance, differences in the composition of certain muscles were once thought to be 11 predictors of athletic performance. However, the differences in the proportion of certain muscle fibers(组织) that are 12 for success in long-distance running are largely the result of extended practice in running.“What makes a genius then?” one may ask. 13 , there is no clear answer. What is known, however, is that …nurtur e‟is at least as important as …na tur e.‟ 14 , a supportive environment will do far more for a child’s prospects of success than any inborn gifts. This is a message that most of us will find 15 — even if we haven’t won the gene lottery, our fate is still in our own hands.1. A. make B. challenge C. support D. dismiss2. A. excellence B. harmony C. negotiation D. response3. A. education B. practice C. fortune D. character4. A. satisfied B. concerned C. decorated D. gifted5. A. preciously B. practically C. previously D. primarily6. A. break B. association C. partnership D. relief7. A. doubted B. concluded C. mentioned D. applauded8. A. accomplishment B. treasure C. diligence D. inspiration9. A. adapting B. attaching C. linking D. devoting10. A. carries B. leaves C. owes D. connects11. A. creative B. reliable C. natural D. active12. A. essential B. suitable C. possible D. feasible13. A. Unlikely B. Similarly C. Hopefully D.Unfortunately 14. A. T o sum up B. In other words C. For example D. In addition15. A. misleading1.B. puzzlingC. comfortingD. amusingPartT woV. GrammarSection BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the givenworlds to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.Having nothing to write about is, perhaps, the greatest fear of a student about to begin anessay for an IEL TS or TOEFL test. However, critical thinking isn’t such a difficult skill to master.In fact, many of you will have already used this valuable skill in your life.Suppose one of your friends recommends a movie by saying ,“It’s a really wonderful movieand definitely worth (1)(watch).”,Instead of simply taking the recommendation, you may ask the question“Why is it wonderful?”By doing this you are thinking critically. A more professional term to define this process(2) _(call) identifying ambiguity, which is regarded as the key stage in thinking critically.Let’s look at following examples from IEL TS Writing T ask.Detailed description of crimes on newspaper and TV have consequence for society, so this kind of information should be restricted in the media. T o what extend do you agree or disagree with this statement.T o think critically, the fist thing (3) (consider) isn’t whether you agree or not. Y ou should instead try to clarify the words “detailed description of crimes”by asking yourself (4) these details might be. Then you should come up with a list like this :1.Investigating the target victim before the crime2.Measures to avoid(5) (track)by the police3.Bloody crime scenes.....After that ,it won’t be hard for us to groups these details, leading eventually to two paragraphs:some disclosure of information may allow people to protect themselves from crime.However,it is not appropriate for many other details (6) (release)to the general public.Practice identifying ambiguity when you write the essay.Y our work will definitely leave a good impression on your teachers.VI. Reading ComprehensionSection A(A)Mike frowned (皱眉）at his calendar and then picked up his guitar. His band had been together for five months. Everyone said they were fantastic but they still had not been blessed with a paying job.The three guys had become acquainted in band class, and organizing a group had been Mike's idea. Mike played the guitar and acted as leader. John was on drums and James was on the saxophone. The three got together just for fun and named their group Playday.But when some fans praised their talent, they decided to turn fun into profit. T o make themselves known, Playday volunteered to entertain at parties. They played for free at school get-togethers. Mike loved the applause! He felt like a superstar. They practiced hard and discussed young musicians who had vaulted into prominence.“The Jackson Five were kids," John said. ―M ichael shot to fame like a rocket!" He exclaim ed. ―W e can do it!" Mike encouraged the group.After months of keeping Spirits high, Mike was tired. They haven't seen even a cent. Let alone making a killing. Everyone was in low spirits. They decided to break up after one final volunteer job. The next day, they were to perform for patients at the Children's Hospital where Mike's mother worked as a nurse.The next day the three young guys set up in the hospital lobby, and the nurses brought in the audience. As Playday began its number, Mike could feel their lack of spirit. Then Mike spottedone patient sitting limply in her wheelchair. Her expression was vacant, but when music filled the room, this rag doll came to life. She sat up straight, and the light that shone in her eyes lighted up something in Mike. He felt the thrill he'd been missing. As Mike's playing caught fire, James and John gained energy. Soon. Playday was rocking as never before.After the performance, the three guys spent time with the patients. Mike spoke to the girl who had encouraged him to play so well.—W ouldn't it feel great to be rich and famous?" she asked, eyes still bright. ―Will you be a rock star?" ―Probably not," Mike answered. ―But I'll never give up my music. I T felt like the big time playing for you!"1.The underlined phrase “had vaulted into promi nence” most likely means .A. had grown into adultsB. had made a promiseC. had played The Jackson FiveD. had become successful2. The members of Playboy were tired and depressed because they .A. had no offer of a paying performanceB. competed cruelly with other bandsC. called an end to the bandD. performed at the Children's Hospital3. While performing at the Children's Hospital, Mike became inspired because .A. his guitar caught fireB. a girl took him as a rock starC. a patient was much cheered upD. a toy doll suddenly became alive4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Mike, John and James got to know each other as they were relatives.B.They planned to make money when they had a big fan base.C. Their wonderful performance at Children's Hospital cured the girl of her disease.D. Mike found out the enjoyment of volunteer performance after playing at the hospital.(B)Stephen Glenn is a famous American research scientist who has made several very important medical breakthroughs. Many people were dying to know the secrets to his fantastic achievements. T o reveal the mystery, a newspaper reporter interviewed him asking why he was able to be so much more creative than the average person. What set him so far apart ftom thers?Having assumed to hear wording like innate curiosity for science or hard work, the reporter was surprised to have him respond that, in his opinion, it all came from an experience with his mother that occurred when he was about four years old. He had beentr'ying to remove a bottle of milk form the refrigerator when he lost his grip on the slippery bottle and it fell. spilling its contents all over the kitchen floor, a real sea of milk!When his mother came into the kitchen, instead of shouting at him, giving him a lecture or chastising him, she said. "Steve, what a great and wonderful mess you have made! I have rarelyseen such a huge pond of milk. W ell, the damage has already been done W ould you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?"Indeed, he did. After a few minutes, his mother said, "Y ou know, Steve. whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to clean it up and restore everything to its proper order. So, how would you like to do that? W e could use a sponge, a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer?” He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the spilled milk.His mother then said, "Y ou know, what we have here is a failed experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands. Let's go out in the back yard and till the bottle with water and see if you can discover a way to carry it without dropping it." The little boy learned that if be grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful lesson!This renowned scientist then remarked that it was at that moment that he knew he didn't nwd to be afraid to make mistakes. Instead. he learned that mistakes were just opportunities for learning something new, which rs, after all. what scientific experiments are all about. Even if the experiment doesn't work, we usually learn something valuable from it.W ouldn‘t it be great if all poems would respond the way Steve's mother responded to him? 1．According to the passage，a newspaper interviewed Stephen Glenn in order to．A．persuade him to treat some dying patientsB．find out his differences with ordinary peopleC．hear about his opinions about medical scienceD．know about why he was so successful2．According to the passage，the underlined word ‘chastising'is closest in meaning to_____ _．A．pursuingB．punishingC．praisingD．educating3．What ordinary mothers can learn from Steve's mother is that．A．never put milk bottle where little kids can get hold ofB．appreciation of kids 'behaviours is important to their growthC．mothers should teach kids to learn from their own mistakesD．kids should learn to become scientists from childhood．（C）Is there any evidence that the standard of English as a foreign language has improved in the years since the Second W orld W ar？Naturally, as it is the world language, more and mere people are taught it and use it. But do they speak it or write it or understand it better than their patents' or grandparents' generations？Have standards declined？There is no objective way of answering this question. T ests of the traditional sort— compositions, pr6cis writing, and so on—have always been subjective, so they cannot be used to judge whether people have got better or not over the years. But so-called objective tests are useless as a measure of progress too. They have not been used consistently（一贯的）in the same "concentration" over the period they have been in use, so there is no way ofcomparing exams "now" and "then". Moreover, usually in the form. of multiple choice questions, they do not, by and large, test the things that really count in mastering a language. Evencomprehension is a partly "creative" activity in real life, as we have to think of possible meanings for ourselves rather than have them suggested for us from outside. And people can be trained in the techniques of multiple choice, while others fail the tests because they have been led astray（离开正道）precisely by their "suggestive" nature, so they are not really objective at all. W e are left with only personal impression to go on.My own is that, if anything, standards have declined somewhat in the last thirty or forty years, despite all the new theories, tools and techniques that have been developed. I am not alone in this judgment In Sweden, for instance, Professors Johannes Hedberg and Gu.slav Kofien, two of the most experienced workers in the field; have on several occasions drawn attention to the lack of progress in the teaching of foreign languages since the late fifties. Y et Sweden is a sophisticated （先进的）society with extremely high educational and academic standards, and very concerned not to be cut off from the rest of the world. If such a country cannot achieve advances in the study of foreign languages, it is unlikely that many, if any, others have done so.Japan is another community where remarkably little progress has been made in the learning of English. It is probably as important for Japan as for Sweden to master that language, and there is much academic effort put into linguistic（语言学的）research of various kinds. Y et the average standard of language learning is abysmally low, particularly for such a highly literate and educated society. This is no doubt in part the result of a vicious circle（恶性循环）: many of the professors of English at Japanese universities are themselves incapable of speaking or writing or even understanding the language well.1. Which of the following is TRUE according to the author？A. Multiple choice questions are objective because people cannot be trained any techniques.B. Sweden emphasizes the teaching of English without paying attention to other countries.C.W e have to depend on our own impression to judge the English standards.D. Compositions are useful to test people's English ability because people have to write out their viewpoints.2. The so-called objective tests cannot be used as a measure of progress because _.A. the people who design the tests are changing constantlyB. the tests do not always focus on the same thingC. the way of scoring is not scientificD. they contain too many reading comprehension questions3. The author’s attitude towards present English standards is .A. negativeB. indifferent（漠不关心的）C. sympatheticD. positiveSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. See courage as a muscleB. Celebrate your failures.C. Everyone sets success goalsD. With this thought in mind, you are succeeding even when you failE. All the courage you need to achieve success is already in you ,just waiting for you to take actionF. They see themselves in the middle, and do everything they can to move toward success andaway from failureAre you still disappointed at your failure? Stop signing, and change your mental model.●Change your view on “success” and” failur e”.Most people have the following mental model: SUCCESS—YOU—F AILURE. 1 but what if you change that model? YOU—F AILURE—SUCCESS. Instead of for viewingfailure as something to be avoided, turn it int o a “steppingst one” on the path to success●Increase your failure rate.If it is true that the more we fail ,the more we succeed then your immediate goal should be tointentionally increase your failure rate! 2 Intentionally increasing failuremeans the more people tell y ou “no”, the closer you will get to ultimate success.●Set “N o” goa ls.3 But how about setting goals for failure? The exciting aspect is how it keepspeople “in the game “when they are “red hot”.If all you have is “yes”goals and then youslow down or quit when you are successful, the hot steak end .But if you keep going whenyou get t he “yeses” of life, the sky is the limit● 4If the key to success is to increase our failures, then it makes sense to celebrate our setbacks.Y es, you heard right: if someone turns you down, celebrate it! Instead of mentally punishingyourself for not succeeding, buy yourself ice cream and say ,”I am one step closer tosuccess !”S top letting failure have a negative impact on your thoughts and emotions.VII. T ranslation1.管弦乐队的指挥对这位歌手被绑架感到震惊（shock）2.经过迁址，上海音乐厅重现了往日的风采（with, bring）3.自己做老板有很多优势，但很难平衡工作和个人生活（advantage, it）4.作为一个声名鹊起的年轻导演，他已被视为电影界的传奇人物了（as, regard）5.几十年来，音乐家门改编了传统音乐形式，使之更能吸引普通大众（adapt, appealing）6.国王出席颁奖典礼，给在物理，化学，生物和医学方面做出重大贡献的科学家们颁奖（present）keys1. [答案]D2.[ 答案]C3.[答案]A4.[答案]D5.[答案]C6.[答案]BIII. V ocabulary:【答案】:F B H G J A K I C EIII. Reading Comprehension【答案】1-5 CABDC 6-10 ADADC 11-15 BADBCV. GrammarSection B[答案]1.watching 2.calls 3.to consider 4.What 5.being tracked 6.to be releasedVI.Reading ComprehensionSection A (A)［答案］DACD(B)【答案】1.D 2.B 3.C（C）【答案】1-3 CBASection CDirections:【答案】：1.F 2.D 3.C 4.BVII.Translation1.The orchestra commander was shocked at the singer’s being kidnapped.2.With a new location, the charm of the Shanghai Concert was brought back to life.3.There are many advantages to being one's own boss, but it's hard to balance work with personallife.4.As a director with a growing reputation, he has already been regarded as a legend in film word.5.For decades, musicians have adapted traditional musical styles to make them more appealing toaverage people.6.The King is present at the award ceremony and presents prizes to scientists who have made greatcontribution in the area of physics,chemistry,biology and medicine.。