高中语法_同位语从句讲解与练习

同位语从句讲解与练习

1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。

2.用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词。如：They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。

Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？

Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。

注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。如：

I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否来。连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。

The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。

We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。

It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。

1．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别

that引导的同位语从句

that引导的定语从句

句法功能上

that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。

that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。

意义上

从句是被修饰名词的内容。从句起限定作用，是定语

如：

The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句，that不可省) 李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。

The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句，that 在从句中作的宾语，可省)

他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。

2．一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should 可省。如：

This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.

这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。

A用适当的连接词填空：

It worried her a bit _____ her hair was turning gray.

2.I have no idea _____ we can do with these waste materials.

3.____the doctor really doubts is____my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.

4.It is hoped____nature will never be destroyed.

5.____do you guess will give a talk on English tomorrow?

6.-- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.

-- Is that ____ you had a few days off?

7. Word came____I was wanted at the office.

8.Do you know ____of them will be our new headmaster?

9.The teacher didn’t tell me ____we were wrong.

10. It’s generally considered unwise to give a child ____he or she wants.

B单项选择

It was true _____ Alice did surprised her mother.

A. that

B. what

C. that, what

D. what, that

2. Does ____matter much ____he can’t come to the meeting.

A. it, if

B. that, if

C. it, whether

D. this, whether

3.--What are you anxious about? -- ____

A. How can we succeed

B. Whether we can succeed

C.

When can we succeed D. That we can succeed

4.The reason ____the little actress has been such a success is ____she is both clever and hard-working.

A. why, why

B. why, that

C. that, because

D. for, because

5. ____leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.

A. Who

B. Whoever

C. Anyone

D. The person

6.I really don’t know _____I h ad this photo taken.

A. where it was that

B. it was that

C. where it was

D. it was why

7.? Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge. I can’t remember ____.

A. where

B. there

C. which

D. that

8.--What do you think of China?

--____different life is today from ____it used to be.

A. How, what

B. What, what

C. How, that

D. What, that

9.Give this to ____you think can do the work well.

A. who

B. whom

C. whoever

D. whomever

10.____troubles me is ____I can’t learn all these English idioms by heart.

A. That, that

B. What, what

C. That, what

D. What, that

答案

A. 1. that 2. what 3. what, whether 4. that 5. who 6. why 7. that 8. which 9. where 10. whatever

B. 1—5 CABBB 6—10 ACACD

练习二

1.The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all.

A.that

B.what

C.why

D.which

2.The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability.

A.that

B.what

C.which

D.why 3.The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.

A.what

B.that

C.why

D.when

4.His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down.

A.which

B.that

C./

D.it

5.I have no idea ____ he will start.

A.when

B.that

C.what

D./

6.I've come from the government with a message ____ the meeting won't be held tomorrow.

A.if

B.that

C.whether

D.which

7.The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him.

A.when

B.which

C.what

D.that

8.The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.

A.which

B.whether

C.that

D.what

9.The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ____ he would die of the disease.

A.that

B.as

C.of which

D.which

10.He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing.

A.whether

B.where

C.that

D.when

1-5 AABBA 6-10 BDCAA