大学英语四级全真预测试题四及答案解析
英语四级全真预测试题及答案03
洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌Part ⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)Section A47.【解析】[E]此处应填入E项，be willing to 为固定搭配。
48.【解析】[H]此处应填入一个名词，而appetite通常和介词for搭配，此处句子的意思为控制我们无止境的欲望。
49.【解析】[A]此处应填入一个形容词，根据上下文意思应选A项，意即:全球气候变暖似乎离我们太遥远，以至于我们无需为此担心。
50.【解析】[B]此处应填入一个名词，而与computer 搭配的名词在选项中根据上下文意思B为正确选项。
51.【解析】[F]根据上下文意思此处应表达气候变化之意，因此F为正确选项。
52.【解析】[L]该题较为简单，表示“上个世纪全球的气温上升了1华氏度”，应能迅速找出正确答案。
53.【解析】[I]显然ice 与melt 搭配，因此I为正确选项。
54.【解析】[K]此处应填入一个现在分词，表示“海岸受到侵蚀”，因此应选K项。
55.【解析】[N]该题较为简单，应填入一个复数名词，所以填入N项。
56.【解析】[D]选D项，the rest of 为固定搭配。
Section BPassage One57.【解析】[C]细节题。
文章第一段，作者表明要获得成功，能力和环境是很基本的条件。
见文章第一段第三句话，“Because each of us possesses ...genetic ability and favorable environments ...”由于我们每个人的天生能力和后天成长环境的不同……由此可知，C为正确答案。
58.【解析】[C]词汇题。
“frugal”这个词的意思是节俭的，朴素的。
见第二段第二句，“...the poor shepherd who ...enjoys his frugal life ...”通过下文提到的拥有财富的人的对比，可以推测出该词的意思是节俭朴素的。
12月英语四级全真预测试卷及答案解析(4)
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/wenkxd.htm（报名网址）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Online Education. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 目前网络教育形成热潮2. 我认为形成这股热潮的原因是……3. 我对网络教育的评价Online Education本文来源:考试大网Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The World in a Glass: Six Drinks That Changed HistoryTom Standage urges drinkers to savor the history of their favorite beverages along with the taste.The author of A History of the World in 6 Glasses (Walker & Company, June 2005), Standage lauds the libations that have helped shape our world from the Stone Age to the present day."The important drinks are still drinks that we enjoy today," said Standage, a technology editor at the London-based magazine the Economist. "They are relics (纪念物)of different historical periods still found in our kitchens."Take the six-pack, whose contents first fizzed at the dawn of civilization.BeerThe ancient Sumerians, who built advanced city-states in the area of present-day lraq, began fermenting(发酵)beer from barley at least 6,000 years ago."When people started agriculture the first crops they produced were barley or wheat. You consume those crops as bread and as beer," Standage noted. "It’s the drink associated with the dawn of civilization. It’s as simple as that."Beer was popular with the masses from the beginning."Beer would have been something that a common person could have had in the house and made whenever they wanted," said Linda Bisson, a microbiologist at the Department of Viticulture and Enology at the University of California, Davis."The guys who built the pyramids were paid in beer and bread," Standage added. "It was the defining drink of Egypt and Mesopotamia. Everybody drank it. Today it’s the drink of the working man, and it was then as well."WineWine may be as old or older than beer—though no one can be certain.Paleolithic humans probably sampled the first "wine" as the juice of naturally fermented wild grapes. But producing and storing wine proved difficult for early cultures."To make wine you have to have fresh grapes," said Bisson, the UC Davis microbiologist. "for beer you can just store grain and add water to process it at any time."Making wine also demanded pottery that could preserve the precious liquid."Wine may be easier to make [than beer], but it’s harder to store," Bisson added. "For most ancient cultures it would have been hard to catch [fermenting grape juice] as wine on its way to [becoming] vinegar."Such caveats and the expense of producing wine helped the beverage quickly gain more cachet(威望)than beer. Wine was originally associated with social elites and religious activities.Wine snobbery may be nearly as old as wine itself. Greeks and Romans produced many grades of wine for various social classes.The quest for quality became an economic engine and later drove cultural expansion."Once you had regions [like Greece and Rome] that could distinguish themselves as making good stuff, it gave them an economic boost," Bisson said. "Beer just wasn’t as special."SpiritsHard liquor, particularly brandy and rum, placated (安抚)sailors during the long sea voyages of the Age of Exploration, when European powers plied the seas during the 15th, 16th, and early 17th centuries.Rum played a crucial part of the triangular trade between Britain, Africa, and the North American colonies that once dominated the Atlantic economy.Standage also suggests that rum may have been more responsible than tea for the independence movement in Britain’s American colonies."Distilling molasses for rum was very important to the New England economy," he explained. "When the British tried to tax molasses it struck at the heart of the economy. The idea of ’no taxation without representation’originated with molasses and sugar. Only at the end did it refer to tea."Great Britain’s longtime superiority at sea may also owe a debt to its navy’s drink of rum-based choice, grog(掺水烈酒),which was made a compulsory beverage for sailors in the late 18th century."They would make grog with rum, water, and lemon or lime juice," Standage said. "This improved the taste but also reduced illness and scurvy. Fleet physicians thought that this had doubled the efficiency of the fleet."CoffeeThe story of modern coffee starts in the Arabian Peninsula, where roasted beans were first brewed around A.D. 1000. Sometime around the 15th century, coffee spread throughout the Arab world."In the Arab world, coffee rose as an alternative to alcohol, and coffeehouses as alternatives to taverns(酒馆)—both of which are banned by Islam," Standage said.When coffee arrived in Europe it was similarly hailed as an "anti-alcohol" that was quite welcome during the Age of Reason in the 18th century."Just at the point when the Enlightenment is getting going, here’s a drink that sharpens the mind," Standage said. "The coffeehouse is the perfect venue(聚会地点)to get together and exchange ideas and information. The French Revolution started in a coffeehouse."Coffee also fuelled commerce and had strong links to the rituals of business that remain to the present day. Lloyds of London and the London Stock Exchange were both originally coffeehouses.TeaTea became a daily drink in China around the third century A.D.Standage says tea played a leading role in the expansion of imperial and industrial might in Great Britain many centuries later. During the 19th century, the East India Company enjoyed a monopoly on tea exports from China."Englishmen around the world could drink tea, whether they were a colonial administrator in India or a London businessman," Standage said. "The sun never set on the British Empire—which meant that it was always teatime somewhere."As the Industrial Revolution of 18th and 19th centuries gained steam, tea provided some of the fuel. Factory workers stayed alert during long, monotonous shifts thanks to welcome tea breaks.The beverage also had unintended health benefits for rapidly growing urban areas. "When you start packing people together in cities it’s helpful to have a water-purification technology like tea," which was brewed with boiling water, Standage explained.Coca-colaIn 1886 pharmacist John Stith Pemberton sold about nine Coca-colas a day.Today his soft drink is one of the world’s most valuable brands-sold in more countries than the United Nations has members."It may be the second most widely understood phrase in the world after ’OK’," Standage said.The drink has become a symbol of the United States—love it or hate it. Standage notes that East Germans quickly reached for Cokes when the Berlin Wall fell, while Thai Muslims poured it out into the streets to show disdain for the U.S. in the days leading up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq."Coca-cola encapsulates what happened in the 20th century: the rise of consumer capitalism and the emergence of America as a superpower," Standage said. "It’s globalization in a bottle."While Coke may not always produce a smile, a survey by the Economist magazine (Standage’s employer), suggests that the soft drink’s presence is a great indicator of happy citizens. When countries were polled for happiness, as defined by a United Nations index, high scores correlated with sales of Coca-Cola."It’s not because [Coke] makes people happy, but because [its] sales happen in the dynamic free-market economies that tend to produce happy people," Standage said.1. The passage gives a brief description of the content of a new book, A History of the World in 6 Glasses.2. The ancient Sumerians began fermenting beer from barley at least 6,000 years ago.3. Today beer is the drink of the working man, which was not the case before.4. Greeks probably sampled the first "wine" as the juice of naturally fermented wild grapes.5. The caveats and the expense of producing wine helped it quickly gain more cachet than beer.6. Standage suggests that tea may have been more responsible than rum for the independence movement in Britain’s American colonies.7. Coffee is the best drink according to Standage.8. Sometime around the 15th century coffee spread throughout ________.9. During the 19th century, the monopoly on tea exports from China is ________.10. Coca-Cola has become a symbol of ________.“成千上万人疯狂下载。
大学英语四级考试全真预测试题及答案详解（3）
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. In recent years, more and more foreigners are involved in the teaching programs of the United States. Both the advantages and the disadvantages47using foreign faculty in teaching positions have to be48 , of course. It can be said that the foreign background that makes the faculty member from abroad an asset also49 problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the individual. The foreign research scholar usually isolates himself in the laboratory as a means of protection; 50, what he needs is to be fitted to a highly organized university system quite different from51at home. He is faced in his daily work with differences in philosophy, arrangements of courses and methods of teaching. Both the visiting professor and his students52a common ground in each other’s cultures, some concept of what is already in the minds of American students is53for the foreign professor. While helping him to adapt himself to his new environment, the university mustalso54certain adjustments in order to take full advantage of what the newcomer can55. It isn’t always known how to make creative use of foreign faculty, especially at smaller colleges. This is thought to be a56where further study is called for. The findings of such a study will be of value to colleges and universities with foreign faculty. ［A］field［B］possess［C］considered ［D］express［E］offer［F］create ［G］required［H］of［I］emerge ［J］make［K］lack［L］ however ［M］ scope［N］ cause［O］ that Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］ and ［D］.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among “situations vacant”, although it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted”, although it is not placed by someone looking for a job, either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job. “Contact us before writing your application”, or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history”, is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae (or job history), with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right. There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. “Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams”, was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest. Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggressive approach. “Your search is over. I am the person you are looking for”, was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview. There is no doubt, however, that it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in theprocess of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae. 57. The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns. ［A］informs job hunters of the opportunities available ［B］promises to offer useful advice to those looking for employment ［C］divides available jobs into various types ［D］informs employers of the people available for work 58. Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because. ［A］there is a lack of jobs available for artistic people ［B］there are so many top level jobs available ［C］there are so many people out of work ［D］the job history is considered to be a work of art 59. In the past it was expected that first job hunters would . ［A］write an initial letter giving their life history ［B］pass some exams before applying for a job ［C］have no qualifications other than being able to read and write ［D］keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview 60. Later, as one went on to apply for more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter . ［A］something that would distinguish one from other applicants ［B］hinted information about the personality of the applicant ［C］one’s advantages over others in applying for the job ［D］an occasional trick with the aggressive approach 61. The curriculum vitae has become such an important document because . ［A］there has been an increase in the number of jobs advertised ［B］there has been an increase in the number of applicants with degrees ［C］jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadays ［D］the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicated Passage Two Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage. In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects. Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits. Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits. They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent-controlled. As a result, new apartments are not built. Many people who need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city. Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way. The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers. The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, low-paying jobs. However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers. They will replace workers with machinery. The price, which is the wage that employers must pay, increases. Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases. Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment. Some poorpeople may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage. Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity. Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages. Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage. The predictions may be correct only if “other things are equal”. Economists do not agree on some of the predictions. They also do not agree on the value of different decisions. Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it. Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions. 62.There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may . ［A］cause a shortage of apartments［B］worry those who rent apartments as homes ［C］increase the profits of landlords［D］encourage landlords to invest in building apartment 63.According to the critics, rent control . ［A］will always benefit those who rent apartments［B］is unnecessary ［C］will bring negative effects in the long run［D］is necessary under all circumstances 64.The problem of unemployment will arise . ［A］if the minimum wage is set too high［B］if the minimum wage is set too low ［C］if the workers are unskilled［D］if the maximum wage is set 65.The passage tells us . ［A］the relationship between supply and demand ［B］the possible results of government controls ［C］the necessity of government control ［D］the urgency of getting rid of government controls 66.Which of the following statements is NOT true? ［A］The results of economic decisions can not always be predicted. ［B］Minimum wage can not always protect employees. ［C］Economic theory can predict the results of economic decisions if other factors are not changing. ［D］Economic decisions should not be based on economic theory.。
大学英语四级全真模拟答案(四)
洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌答案与解析Part I WritingHow to Get Prepared for a JobAs a result of the population booming in the past, the competition in job markets is getting much fiercer. As college students who are to graduate in the future, we must prepare ourselves when still on campus in order to gain an upper hand.There are several things we college students can do to sharpen our competitive edge. First, start preparing early. We all know that it is the early bird that catches the worm. It is too late to consider our future career upon graduation. Why not plan beforehand? Second, we should attach greater importance to our personalities such as honesty, cooperation and perseverance. They are more important than appearance in landing a job although it is advantageous to have a neat look. Third, we should make a close self-examination so as to know what our weaknesses and strengths are so that we can do something about them to improve ourselves. Lastly, we can take some preliminary training for the job we’d like to have. For example, if an English major wants to work as a certificated public accountant, he’d better acquaint himself with some financial knowledge while on campus.In a word, opportunity will only favor those with a ready mind. Just figure ou t what we’d like to do in the future and act accordingly.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)本文从失业这个话题入手，分析了失业的利弊。
英语四级全真预测试卷及答案解析(5)-4
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/wenkxd.htm（报名网址）Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A],[B],[C] and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Every year more than half a million American kids have drainage (排泄) tubes surgically implanted in their ears to combat persistent infections. The procedure, know as tympanostomy, may not be as 62 as the tonsillectomy was in the 1940s, but it now 63 as the nation's leading childhood 64 and a new study suggests it's being vastly overused. In 65 more than 6,000 scheduled ear tube operations, a team of experts 66 by Harvard pediatrician Lawrence Kleinman found that fewer than half were clearly justified. "Each year", the researchers write in the current Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), "several hundred thousand children in the United States may be 67 tympanostomy tubes that offer them no demonstrated 68 ...and may place them at increased 69 ."Tube placement isn't a 70 risky procedure, but it costs $1,000 to $1,500 and sometimes scars the eardrum, causing a partial loss of 71 . Studies show that the benefits are most likely to 72 the risks if a child's middle ear has produced sticky fluid 73 more than four months despite treatment 74 antibiotics. For less virulent infections, drug treatment is usually a(n) 75 , safer alternative (though drugs, too, can be overused). In the new JAMA study, Kleinman's team reviewed the medical charts of 6,429 kids, all under 16, 76 doctors had recommended the procedure. Even making "generous assumptions" about the likely 77 , the researchers found that a quarter of the proposed operations were 78 , since less invasive alternatives were available, 79 another third were as likely to harm the recipients as help them.Parents needn't 80 about ear tubes that are already in place. Once 81 implanted, the tiny devices provide drainage for six months to a year, then come out by reducing health costs by hundreds of millions of dollars every year.62. [A] rare [B] common [C] general [D] abnormal63. [A] considers [B] alternates [C] ranges [D] ranks64. [A] operation [B] disease [C] condition [D] injection65. [A] finding [B] reviewing [C] amending [D] performing66. [A] controlled [B] conducted [C] legitimated [D] led67. [A] receiving [B] accepting [C] undertaking [D] initiating68. [A] disadvantage [B] agreement [C] advantage [D] shortcoming69. [A] bottom [B] risk [C] edge [D] extent70. [A]subtly [B] hopefully [C] merely [D] terribly71. [A] feeling [B] hearing [C] health [D] memory72. [A] outfit [B] outflow [C] outweigh [D] outgrow73. [A] for [B] on [C] in [D] to74. [A] by [B] upon [C] with [D] along75. [A] expensive [B] faster [C] further [D] cheaper76. [A] which [B] whose [C] that [D] who77. [A] risks [B] dangers [C] chances [D] benefits78. [A] inappropriate [B] favorable [C] preferable [D] inadequate79. [A] where [B] when [C] whether [D] while80. [A] outrage [B] panic [C] complain [D] protest81. [A] lively [B] quickly [C] successfully [D] formallyPart VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.82. When the train came, ________________________ (人们立即涌进站台).83. To open a file and show the information, ________________________(你需要双击文件名).84. After fifteen years' working for the company, ________________________(他被任命为主管).85. She works in administration, ________________________(她一天中的绝大多数时间都花在文书工作和维护记录上).86. Every executive is resp onsible for the success of the company________________________(无论做什么工作).“成千上万人疯狂下载。
英语四级全真预测试题及答案
洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌Part ⅤCloze(15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D]on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Methods of studying vary; what works 67 for some students doesn’t work at all for others. The only thing you can do is experiment 68 you find a system that does work for you. But two things are sure: 69 else can do your studying for you, and unless you do find a system that works, you won’t although college. Meantime, there are a few rules that 70 for everybody. The hint is “don’t get 71 ”.The problem of studying, 72 enough to start with, becomes almost 73 when you are trying to do three 74 in one weekend. 75 the fastest readers have trouble 76 that. And if you are behind in written work that must be 77, the teacher who accepts it 78 late will probably not give you good credit. Perhaps he may not accept it 79 . Getting behind in one class because you are spending so much time on another is really no 80 . Feeling pretty virtuous about the seven hours you spend on chemistry won’t 81 one bit if the history teacher p ops a quiz. And many freshmen do get into trouble by spending too much time on one class at the 82 of the others, either because they like one class much better or because they find it so much harder that they think, they should 83 all their time to it. 84 the reason, going the whole work for one class and neglecting the rest of them is a mistake, if you face this 85 , begin with the shortest and easiest 86 . Get them out of the way and then go to the more difficult, time consuming work.67.[A]good[B]easily[C]sufficiently[D]well68.[A]until[B]after[C]while[D]so69.[A]somebody[B]nobody[C]everybody[D]anybody70.[A]follow[B]go[C]operate[D]work71.[A]behind[B]after[C]slow[D]later72.[A]hardly[B]unpleasant[C]hard[D]heavy73.[A]improbable[B]necessary[C]impossible[D]inevitable74.[A]week’s work[B]weeks’ works[C]weeks’ work[D]week’ s works75.[A]Even[B]Almost[C]If[D]With76.[A]to do[B]doing[C]at doing[D]with doing77.[A]turned in[B]tuned up[C]turned out[D]given in78.[A]very[B]quite[C]such[D]too79.[A]anyway[B]either[C]at all[D]that80.[A]solution[B]method[C]answer[D]excuse81.[A]help[B]encourage[C]assist[D]improve82.[A]expense[B]pay[C]debt[D]charge83.[A]devote[B]put[C]spend[D]take84.[A]Whichever[B]Whatever[C]However[D]Wherever85.[A]attraction[B]decision[C]temptation[D]dilemma86.[A]arrangements[B]way[C]assignments[D]classPart ⅥTranslation(5 minutes)Direction: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87.Not only (他向我收费太高)，but he didn’t do a good repair job either.88.The murderer (混在人群当中)with an attempt to shoot at the Prime Minister whenever he seized a chance.89.The emergence of e-commerce and the fast growing Internet economy are(为中国的国内外贸易提供了新的增长机遇).90.That Canadian speaks Chinese (和他说英语一样流利).91.Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was(忙着准备) her examination.Key to Model Test Three“成千上万人疯狂下载。
大学英语四级模拟试题四(附含答案解析)
范文范例精心整理大学英语四级模拟题四一二三四五六试卷总核查人得分Part One Reading Comprehension(2’×10 = 20 ’)Directions:There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by somequestions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheetwith a single line through the centre.Passage OneAir pollution can spread from city to city.It even spreads from one country to another. Some northern European countries have had “ black snow” from pollutants that have traveled through the air from other countries and have fallen with the snow. So air pollution is really a global problem.Air pollution can kill babies, older people, and those who have respiratory（呼吸的）diseases. As found in cities, air pollution increases the risks of certain lung diseases.Air pollution can cause both airplane and car accidents because it cuts down visibility （能见度） . There are other possible health dangers from air pollution that we don’ t know much about. For example, scientists are trying to find out whether chemicals that reach usfrom the air may cause changes in our cells. These changes might cause babies to be bornwith serious birth defects. Scientists are trying to learn how all the many chemicals areapt （易于的） to take into our bodies from air,water,food,and even medicines act together to affect our health and the way our bodies work.That is another reason why it is so important to begin to control pollution now instead of waiting until we learn all the answers.Air pollution costs us a lot of money. It corrodes（腐蚀） our buildings.It damages farm crops and forests. It has a destructive effect on our works of art. The cost of all thisdamage to our government is great. It would be much more worthwhile, both for us and forthe government, to spend our tax dollars on air pollution control.1. Air pollution may lead to airplane accidents because.A. it may cause pilots to be illB. engines may fail from the air-borne dirtC. visibility is reducedD. it brings a lot of black snow 2. Scientists are trying to find a link between pollution and .A. intelligence levelsB. birth problemsC. man ’ s behaviorD. the nervous system3. Scientists have not yet determined .A. all of the effects of pollution on the human bodyB. how pollution can be controlled successfullyC. when the atmosphere first became pollutedD. how some snow becomes black4. The author suggests that before air pollution becomes more serious, .A. factories will be forced to stop operatingB. buildings should be protectedC. the earth will begin to grow colderD. more money should be spent to solve the problem5. We can conclude that .A. civilization may be ruined if pollution is not controlledB. pollution is more serious in Europe than it is in AmericaC. most people do not know that pollution is a serious problemD. we should learn all the answers before we begin to control pollutionPassage TwoStiletto heels could be banned from the workplace because of health and safe according to British Trade Union bosses. The Trade Union Congress, predominantly male, has proposed a motion arguing that high heels are disrespectful to women while contribute to long term injuries. They propose instead that women wear“ sen with an inch heel limit in an attempt to avoid future foot and back pain as well The motion is due to be debated at next month’ s conference. The motion states: believes high heels may look glamorous on the Hollywood catwalks but are completely in appropriate for the day-to-day working environment.Feet bear the burden of dai for many workers prolonged standing, badly fitted footwear, and in particular high heelscan be a hazard. Around two million days a year are lost through sickness as a result oflower limb disorders.Wearing high heels can cause long-term foot problems and foot,knee and back pain and damaged joints.Many employers in the retail sector workers to wear high heels as part of their dress code.More must be done to rais of this problem so that women workers and their feet are protected.”Nadline Dorries, the Tory Member of Parliament, however criticized the motion and saidthe extra height heels give women can help them when in the workplace.“I ’need every inch of my Christian Louboutin heels to look my male colleagues in the eye,she said.“If high heels were banned in Westminster, no one would be able to find me. The Trade Union leaders need to get real,stop using obvious sexist tactics by discussin范文范例精心整理stilettos to divert tension away from Labor chaos.”Michelle Dewberry, a former winner of The Apprentice, said the motion was patronizing（自认为高人一等的）. “This is absolutely ridiculous and I think these union officials should be spending their time dealing with more important issues” , she said.“I’ m at work in five-inch heels and perfectly able to do my job. Heels are sexy, they boost your confidenceand they are empowering to women. I can’ t imagine these officials debating a motion abouthow tightly men should wear their ties. Wearing heels is a personal choice.”6. Which of the following best explains what stiletto heels are?A. Very high heels that women wear.B. Shoes with an inch heel limitC. High heels most appropriate for catwalks.D. Shoes most suitable for retailsector worker7.Why do the Trade Union leaders propose to ban stiletto heels from the workplace?A. Because they don ’ t want to have the workplace look like Hollywood.B. Because they think the stiletto heels give women excuse to ask for a sick leave.C. Because the shoes are believed to be harmful to people’ s health.D. Because they hold the idea that women themselves should decide what to wear.8. Why did Nadline Dorries criticize the motion?A. Because she feels the extra height helps people to find her.B. Because she feels the extra height improves her vision.C. Because she feels the extra height adds to her personal charm.D. Because she feels the extra height makes her more confident.9. What is Michelle Dewberry’s opinion on the motion?A. The union leaders should mind their own business.B. Women are perfectly able to decide what to wear.C. Union officials shouldn’ t have debates on any motions.D. Women will never be hurt wearing the stiletto heels.10. What can you infer from the passage?A. Union leaders care about women employees very much.B. Women think differently from male union leaders.C. There is going to be a heated debate over this motion.D. Height means power and confidence at workplaces.Part Two Listening Comprehension(35’)Section A(1 ’×15 = 15 ’) Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet line through the centre.11. A. Invite four people to dinner.B.Book a corner table for six.C.Give a birthday party in the restaurant.D.Book a table for four people at 6:00.12.A. Teacher and student. B. Patient and doctor.C. Customer and waiter.D. Husband and wife.13.A. Walking. B. Sightseeing.C. Driving.D. Shopping.14. A. The man lives in New York.B.The man enjoys his trip.C.The man is going to phone the woman.D.Someone is waiting for him.15. A. She will decide later.B.She doesn ’t care for either.C.She doesn ’t want to go out.D.She wants the man to decide.16. A. Frank ’s car was accidentally lost.B.Frank was killed in a car accident.C.Frank fell out of a car.D.Frank survived a car accident.17. A. At 8:30. B. At 9:00.C. At 9:10.D. At 10:00.18. A. Coming back for a later show.B.Waiting in a queue.ing back in five minutes.D.Not going to the movie today.Conversation OneQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A. 80 pounds a month.B.100 pounds a month.C.Ranging from 80 to 100 pounds a month.D.180 pounds a month.20. A. 2 bedrooms with the kitchen and dining room separated or combined.B.2 bedrooms with kitchen and dining room separated.C.2 bedrooms with kitchen and dining room combined.D. 2 bedrooms without the kitchen and dining room.21. A. 0.5 mile.B.1 mile.C.1.5 miles.D.2 miles.22. A. Look for more houses that might meet their needs.B.Go to the ideal house and have a look.C.Talk with their parents about the rental fees.D.Sign the contract terms.Conversation TwoQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A. Their different plans for summer vacation.B.A vacation without the sea.C.The silver beams of the moon reflected on the ocean.D.A group of tourists going to the mountain every summer.24. A. To go swimming every day.B.To stay in the mountains as usual.C.To go to the seaside.D.To enjoy the silver beams of the moon.25. A. He likes swimming.B.He will still go to the mountains this summer.C.He doesn ’ t want to go to the seaside.D.He will go to a seaside city alone.(1 ’×10=10 ’)In this section, you are going to hear three short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passages and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26 A. Lack of confidence.ck of intelligence.C.Carelessness.D.Absent-mindedness.27 A. To accompany his children on a train ride. 范文范例精心整理B. To have a holiday with his children on the beach.C. To take his children to visit a friend of his in a seaside town.D. To stay at home and take care of his children.28 A. He could not find his children at the station.B.He could not find the piece of paper his wife gave him.C.He forgot the phone number of his home.D.The train had already gone.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29 A. She told Peter to buy her an inexpensive gift.B.She told Peter not to buy her a gift.C.She told Peter to buy her an expensive gift.D.She told Peter not to buy any gift but write her a letter.30 A. The history and grammar of languages.B.Everyday use of language.C.Homes, work, coffee shops, elevators, and supermarkets.D.The relationship between people.31 A. The differences between the way men and women travel to different places.B. The differences in the way people treat others’ conversation.C. The differences between the way men and women communicate.D. The differences in the way people from different geographic areas behave.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32 A. He listens to music and makes music himself.B. He listens to music from early in the morning till late at night, at home anC. He goes to discos, parties and concerts frequently.D. He listens to music while he is having breakfast and doing homework.33 A. It makes young people neglect their studies.B.It causes clashes between parents and their teenage children.C.It is often too loud.D.It is often linked to young people taking drugs.34 A. Steve would take drugs.B.Steve ’ s hearing would be damaged someday.C.Steve would sooner or later get mixed up with some evil guys.D.Steve would become self-centered.35 A. Music has become a very important part of life for children and adults.B.Whether music is good or not to people depends on how it is used.Section B Directions:范文范例精心整理C. Teenagers nowadays spend less time on their studies than listening to music.D. Music has more negative effects than positive effects on teenagers.Section C(10’ )Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is readfor the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage isread for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36to43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required tofill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words youhave just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passageis read for the third time, you should check what you have written.（请写在答题纸上）Advertising is a way of bringing(36)to the public for the purpose of selling a product, a service, an idea, or an (37). The information is transmitted bymeans of (38) ___________ word or over the air. It may be presented as a simple (39)____________of fact, or as more often,it may be offered in colorful or even (40) language.All advertising is intended to stimulate people to do some (41)__________ things, such as buy a product, order a service, join an organization, or (42) ___________ a meetingand so on. Each advertisement is paid for by a person, a group, an organization, or a (43)___________ enterprise seeking to advance his or her goals.In a modern society,everyone uses advertising in one way or another. A person may obtain a job by answering a classified ad,or sometimes called a small ad. It is placed in a newspaper by those wishing to sell or buy something,lease or rent something,offer or get employment, etc. (44) _____________________ whose advertisements express ideas that attract him. Inchoosing food products and other items of daily living, he is usually guided or influencedby advertising. (45) ___________________________.Advertising has certainly played an important part in making modern goods and servicesavailable to the general public, it hastened consumer’ s acceptance of such new productsas cars,telephones,electric refrigerators,and frozen foods.(46) ___________________________________.Part Three Vocabulary and Structure(0.5’×20 =10’)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.47.Isn ’t this straw hat beautiful? My wife ________ it on her business trip to China lastyear.A. runs intoB. came upon withC. came uponD. comes acros48. The spokesman was merely given a _____ version of the document, so he didn’about the details.A. condenseB. condensedC. condensingD. condensable49.To be granted a substantial yearly bonus（奖金） is considered________ to getin pay.A. comparisonB. comparativeC. comparablyD. comparable50.The boss ________ him that she had no plan to let him go.A. insuredB. ensuredC. assuredD. sured51.Plenty of football and basketball clubs are eager to________young athletesgreat promise.A. smashB. sponsorC. steerD. spur52._________ fired, your health care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off.A. Would you beB. Should you beC. Could you beD. Might you be53.Anyone without patience and _________ is unlikely to make a good researcher.A. persistenceB. consistC. consistenceD. pe54.The new secretary has written a remarkably ________ report within a few hundredwords but with all the important details included.A. briskB. preciseC. elaborateD. concise55. He returned to his hometown so that he could ________ his passion for football.A. indulgeB. breakC. limitD. ob56.From all the indications, it is safe to ________ that the prices of cars will go downby large margins.A. consumeB. assureC. resumeD. assume57.He tried to explain the complicated theory to me, but I got even more _______ by thetechnical terms in his explanation.A. encouragedB. confusedC. importedD. convinced58.As the clouds drifted away, an even higher peak became_______ to the climbers.A. evidentB. apparentC. visibleD. obviou59.She wants to drop out of college and become a singer, but her parents _______ very muchon her intention.A. frownB. emphasizeC. disapproveD. focus60.A peculiarly pointed chin is her most memorable facial _______.A. markB. featureC. appearanceD. trace61.I have bought so many new books this year that it’ s really difficult for me to ke_______ of them.A. accountB. recountC. constantD. count62.The theories of relativity have made _______ changes in our views of the universe.A. fundamentalB. ambitiousC. linguisticD. respective63.The lady dressed in the latest Paris fashion is _______ in her appearance but rude inher speech.A. excessiveB. elaborateC. elegantD. exaggerated64.The failure of the movie hastened her decision to _______ from the glamorous screen andspend more time with her family.A. retreatB. resignC. rejectD. replace65. Our _______ talks promise a good future for our cooperation.A. exteriorB. initialC. interiorD. invisible66.There is much I enjoy about the changing seasons, but my favorite time is the _______from fall to winter.A. transmissionB. transformationC. transitionD. transfer 范文范例精心整理(72) ____________ the imagination.Not even Proctor & Gamble knows how many billions____________ of Ivory have been sold.The company keeps a precise count, (74) _ of the billions of dollars it earns.(75) ____________ sales of Ivory Soap, Ivor toothpaste, Folger’s coffee, and the hundreds of other products now marketed under theProctor & Gamble umbrella (76)____________ thirty billion dollars.Part Five Translation （写在答题纸上）(Directions:Complete sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in bracke77.If you do have financial difficulties, __________ (你可以申请学生贷款 ).78.His mother insisted that __________ (他每月的零花钱不能超过100 元 ).79.His first debate on TV __________ (给听众留下了深刻的印象).80.It ’ s one thing to understand the principle, __________ (要付诸实践又是另外81.We bought a car last month, __________ (是用我的名字登记的).Part Four Banked Cloze(1’× 10=10’)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.（请在答题纸上写单词的代号）A. attainedB. exportedC. howeverD. beatE. pledgeF. independentG. importedH.activityI. inexpensive J. exceed K. bars L.campaignsM. annual N. furthermore O. holdIvory Soap is an American institution, about widely recognized as the Washington Monument and far more well respected than Congress. It had already (67) ____________ thisnoble status when Theodore Roosevelt was still a rough-riding cowboy in North Dakota.Introduced in 1879 as an (68) ____________ white soap intended to rival the quality of (69)____________ soaps, it was mass marketed by means of one of the first nationwide advertising (70) ____________. People were told that Ivory was “so pure that it floats,” and the notion took (71) ____________. As a result, at least half a dozen generations of Americans havegotten themselves clean with Ivory.So many hands, faces, and baby bottoms have been washed with Ivory that their numbers Part Six Writing( 15 ’ ×1=15’)Directions:For this part, you are required to write a short essay on the topic Cost in Job-hunting. You should write at least 120 words (no more than 150 words) based on the topic sentence for each paragraph:1.大学生的求职花费逐年增高2.分析原因3.我的观点（注：作文写在答题纸上）大学英语四级模拟题四答案Part One Reading Comprehension(2 ’× 10 = 20 ’) 1-5CBADA6-10ACDBCPart Two Listening Comprehension (1’× 25+0.5 ×8+2×3 =11-15DCCBD 16-20DCACA 21-25ABACA 26-30DBBBB 31-35CDDBB36. information37. event38. printed39. statement40. emotional41. specific42. attend43. business44.A person may decide to join an organization.45.Advertisements may also influence his choice of a vacation spot, hotel, etc.46.It seeks to make each product represent a new and better way of life.范文范例精心整理Part Three Vocabulary and Structure(0.5’× 20 = 10’)47-51CBDCB52-56BADAD 57-61BCABD 62-66ACABCPart Four Banked Cloze(1 ’× 10=10’)67-71 AIGLO72-76 DKCMJPart Five Translation( 2’× 5 = 10’)77.you can apply for a student loan.78.his pocket money (should) not exceed 100 yuan per month.79.made / left a deep impression on his audience.80.it ’ s another thing to put it into practice.81.which was registered under my name / and it was registered under my name.Part Six Writing( 15 ’× 1=15’) Open.欢迎您的光临，Word 文档下载后可修改编辑.双击可删除页眉页脚.谢谢！你的意见是我进步的动力，希望您提出您宝贵的意见！让我们共同学习共同进步！学无止境.更上一层楼。
英语四级全真预测试卷及答案解析(4)
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/wenkxd.htm（报名网址）单项选择题（下列每小题备选答案中，只有一个符合题意的正确答案。
每小题0分，共15题。
）Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.A ：They want to go downtown.B ：He wants to go to the park, but she doesn’t.C ：He doesn’t know where to park the car.D ：He wants to find out where the park is.请选择答案：A:B:C:D:12.A ：Company and customer.B ：Repairman and customer.C ：Teacher and student’s parent.D ：Wife and husband.请选择答案：A:B:C:D:13.A ：She didn’t like working in a company.B ：She disliked machines.C ：She was not good at doing business.D ：She didn’t like accounting.请选择答案：A:B:C:D:14.A ：He has some money to buy a new car.B ：He fails in borrowing enough money from the woman.C ：He will spend much money on his house.D ：He wants to buy a new house and a new car.请选择答案：A:B:C:D:15.A ：He had much trouble with his pronunciation.B ：He had much trouble with his pronunciation.C ：No one can understand him.D ：He knew nothing about English.请选择答案：A:B:C:D:16.A ：Frustrated.B ：Joyful.C ：Excited.D ：Sorry.请选择答案：A:B:C:D:17.A ：He doesn’t like that kind of food.B ：The woman can do some cooking herself.C ：He doesn’t intend to buy them.D ：The woman should stop looking at him.请选择答案：A:B:C:D:18.A ：Mrs. Fisher wants to go abroadB ：Mrs. Fisher is in hospital.C ：Mrs. Fisher has no family.D ：There are three people in Mrs. Fisher’s family.请选择答案：A:B:C:D:Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A ：A study group.B ：A history exam.C ：The man’s painting.D ：A professional artist.请选择答案：A:B:C:D:20.A ：Making a gift for the woman.B ：Working on a class assignment.C ：Discussing his career.D ：Preparing to teach an art class.请选择答案：A:B:C:D:21.A ：By listening to her father.B ：By working for an artist.C ：By talking to the studio art instructor.D ：By taking several art courses.请选择答案：A:B:C:D:22.A ：Take a history exam.B ：Go to an art exhibit.C ：Meet some classmates.D ：Help the man with his painting.请选择答案：A:B:C:D:Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.A ：A famous photographer.B ：Photographic processes in the 1800s.C ：Photographic equipment used in the 1800s.D ：A new museum.请选择答案：A:B:C:D:24.A ：Her subject’s home.B ：Her subject’s social status.C ：Her subject’s personality.D ：Her subject’s role in history.请选择答案：A:B:C:D:25.A ：Children.B ：Historical scenes.C ：Well-known people.D ：Landscapes.请选择答案：A:B:C:D:“成千上万人疯狂下载。
2021年大学英语四级全真预测试题四及答案解析
之12月大学英语四级全真预测试题四及答案解析12月大学英语四级全真预测试题四及答案解析一、选词填空题第1题：It seems you always forget—your reading glasses when you are rushing to work，your coat when you are going to the cleaners，your credit card when you are shopping...Such absent-mindedness may be 1 to you；now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the2 sees.The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 3 the user to "label" items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain 4 by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a 5 label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in.It could be used in 6 plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 7 device.A spokesman for the project said："A car mechanic for8 could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could 9 accident black spots or dangers on the road."In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour，10 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified.[A] allow[B] instance[C] blank[D] industrial[E] frustrating[F] items[G] indicating[H] highlight [I] user[J] complicated[K] white[L] annoying[M] successful[N] articles[O] simple【参照答案】：略二、阅读理解第2题：What makes Americans spend nearly half their food dollars on meals away from home?The answers lie in the way Americans live today. During the first few decades of the twentieth century，canned and other convenience foods freed the family cook from full-time duty at the kitchen range.Then，in the 1940s，work in the wartime defense plants took more women out of the home that ever before，setting the pattern of the working wife and mother. Unless family members pitchin with food preparation，women are not fully liberated from that chore.It's easier to pick up a bucket of fried chicken on the way home from work or take the family out for pizzas or burgers than to start opening cans or heating up frozen dinners after a long，hard day. Also nowadays，the rising divorce rate means that there are more single working parents with children to feed. And many young adults and elderly people，as well as unmarried and divorced mature people，live alone rather than as a part of a family unit and don't want to bother cooking for one. Fast food is appealing because it is fast，it doesn't require any dressing up，it offers a "fun" break in the daily routine，and the outlay of money seems small. It can be eaten in the car-sometimes picked up at a drive-in window without even getting out-or on the run. Even if it is brought home to eat，there will never be any dirty dishes to wash because of the handy disposable wrappings. Children，especially，love fast food because it's finger food，no struggling with knives and forks，no annoying instructions from adults about table manners.1. Americans enjoy fast food mainly because ________.[A] it can be eaten in the car[B] it is much more tasty than home-made food[C] one only uses his fingers while eating it[D] it is time-saving and convenient2. It can be inferred that children ________.[A] want to have freedom at table[B] wash dishes after each meal[C] are not good at using forks and knives while eating[D] take eating time as a fun break3. Many Americans are eating out and not cooking at home nowadays because ________.[A] they want to make a change after eating the same food for years at home[B] the food made outside home tastes better than food cooked at home[C] many of them live alone or don't like taking trouble to cook[D] American women refuse to cook at home due to women's liberation movement4. According to the text，a drive-in window is a ________.[A] car window from which you can see the driver[B] window in the restaurant from which you get your meal in the car[C] place where you check the mechanic condition of your car[D] entrance where you return the used plates after eating5. The expression "pitch in with" (Line 2，Para. 2) probably means________.[A] complain[B] enjoy[C] help[D] deny1小题>、【对的答案】：D2小题>、【对的答案】：C3小题>、【对的答案】：C4小题>、【对的答案】：B5小题>、【对的答案】：C【参照解析】：无第3题：InfraGard is a grass-roots effort to respond to the need for cooperation and collaboration in countering the threat of cyber crime and terrorism to private businesses and the government. By the end of September，there will be InfraGard chapters in all 50 states，Calloway said. With advicefrom the FBI，each local chapter will be run by a board of directors that includes members of private industry，the academic community and public agencies. Bands，utilities，and other businesses and government agencies will use a secure Web site to share information about attempts to hack into their computer networks. Members can join the system free. A key feature of the system is a two-pronged method of reporting attacks.A "sanitized" description of a hacking attempt or other incident-one that doesn't reveal the name or information about the victim-can be shared with the other members to spot trends. Then a more detailed description also can be sent to the FBI's computer crimes unit to interfere if there are grounds for an investigation. Cyber crime has jumped in recent years across the nation，particularly in hotbeds of financial commerce and technology like Charlotte. "Ten years ago，all you needed to protect yourself was a safe，a fence and security officers," said Chris Swecker，who is in charge of the FBI's Charlotte office. "Now any business with a modem is subject to attack." FBI agents investigate computer hacking that disrupted popular Web sites including Amazon. com，CNN and Yahoo!several North Carolina victims have been identified this year. The investigation has also identified computer systems in North Carolina used by hackers to commit such attacks. Prosecutions of hackers have been hampered by the reluctance of companies to report security intrusions for fear of bad publicity and lost business. Meanwhile，too many corporations have made it too easy for criminals by sacrificing security for speed and accessibility. Jack Wiles，who will lead the local InfraGard chapter's board，said a recent report estimated 97 percent of all cyber crime goes undetected. Wiles，a computer security expert，has a firewall on his personal computer to prevent hackers from getting into his files. "I get at least one report a day that somebody was trying to get into my computer," he said，"the Net is a wonderful place，but it's also a dangerous one."1. From the first paragraph，we know ________.[A] InfraGard is a protective measure against cyber crime[B] InfraGard is a measure of cooperation and collaboration[C] there will be 50 InfraGard chapters in all states[D] private business and the government are now committing cyber crime2. Each local chapter of InfraGard will be run by the following EXCEPT ________.[A] academic communities[B] public agencies[C] FBI[D] private industry3. By saying "too many corporations...speed and accessibility" (Lines 3～4，Para. 3)，the author means ________.[A] too many corporations take no notice of the security problem of computers[B] criminals are sacrificing security for speed and accessibility[C] it's very easy to sacrifice security for speed and accessibility[D] many companies suffer from computer hacking because they value speed and accessibility more than security4. All the following are reasons for the rise in cyber crime EXCEPT ________.[A] victims won't report intrusions by hackers[B] victims have no firewalls[C] the use of modem is increasing[D] companies don't pay enough attention to security5. It can be concluded from the passage that ________.[A] not all hacking attempts are worthy of investigation[B] information of the victims is inaccessible[C] InfraGard chapters will be in effect by the end of September[D] was often disrupted by hacking1小题>、【对的答案】：C2小题>、【对的答案】：C3小题>、【对的答案】：D4小题>、【对的答案】：B5小题>、【对的答案】：A【参照解析】：无三、完型填空第4题：Today，most countries in the world have canals. Many countries have built canals near the coast，and parallel1 the coast. Even in the twentieth century，goods can be moved more cheaply by boat than by any other2 of transport. These 3 make it possible for boats to travel 4 ports along the coast without being 5 to the dangers of the open. Some canals，such as the Suez and the Panama，save ships weeks of time by making their6 a thousand miles shorter. Other canals permit boats to reach cities that are not 7 on the coast；still other canals8 lands where there is too much water，help to 9 fields where there is not enough water，and 10 water power for factories and mills. The size of a canal11 on the kind of boats going through it. The canal must be wide enough to permit two of the largest boats using it to 12 each other easily. It must be deep enough to leave about two feet of water13 the keel of the largest boat using the canal. When the planet Mars was first 14 through a telescope，people saw that the round disk of the planet was crises-crossed by a15 of strange blue-green lines. These were called "canals"16 they looked the same as canals on earth 17 are viewed from an airplane. However，scientists are now18 that the Martian phenomena are really not canals. The photographs 19 from space-ships have helped us to 20 the truth about the Martian "canals".1. [A] off [B] with [C] to [D] by2. [A] way [B] means [C] method [D] approach3. [A] waterways [B] waterfronts [C] channels [D] paths4. [A] among [B] between [C] in [D] to5. [A] revealed [B] exposed [C] opened [D] shown6. [A] trip [B] journey [C] voyage [D] route7. [A] lain [B] stationed [C] set [D] located8. [A] escape [B] drain [C] dry [D] leak9. [A] water [B] wet [C] soak [D] irrigate10. [A] furnish [B] afford [C] offer [D] give11. [A] focuses [B] bases [C] depends [D] takes12. [A] cross [B] pass [C] move [D] advance13. [A] down [B] beneath [C] below [D] off14. [A] studied [B] researched [C] surveyed [D] observed15. [A] plenty [B] number [C] deal [D] supply16. [A] although [B] because [C] so [D] if17. [A] that [B] where [C] when [D] as18. [A] exact [B] definite [C] certain [D] decisive19. [A] held [B] taken [C] got [D] developed20. [A] find [B] expose [C] uncover [D] discover1小题>、【对的答案】：C2小题>、【对的答案】：B3小题>、【对的答案】：A4小题>、【对的答案】：B5小题>、【对的答案】：B6小题>、【对的答案】：C7小题>、【对的答案】：D8小题>、【对的答案】：B9小题>、【对的答案】：D10小题>、【对的答案】：A11小题>、【对的答案】：C12小题>、【对的答案】：B13小题>、【对的答案】：C14小题>、【对的答案】：D15小题>、【对的答案】：B16小题>、【对的答案】：B17小题>、【对的答案】：A18小题>、【对的答案】：C19小题>、【对的答案】：B20小题>、【对的答案】：D【参照解析】：无四、阅读理解第5题：Directions：In this part，you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer thequestions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7，markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10，complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.To Save Trees，Fighting One Alien Insect with OthersRusty rhea sighs wistfully as he talks about the beauty and peace of standing amid a grove (小树林) of deep green hemlocks in Appalachia，some of them up to 160 feet (50 meters) tall and more than 500 years old."This is a very special tree," said Rhea，an entomologist for the U.S. Forest Service's Forest Health Protection program in Asheville，North Carolina，"I was brought up here，and I don't want to see another species go by the wayside."The evergreen trees，a hallmark of southern Appalachia's national parks，are under attack by an invasive inse4ct barely visible to the eye but potent enough to fell the giants of the eastern United States' old-growth forests.Already the tiny bug from Japan，known as the hemlock woolly adelgid (HW A)，has killed upward of 95 percent of the hemlocks in Virginia's Shenandoah National Park. Now they are making their way through the half-million-plus-acre (200,000-plus-hectare) Great Smoky Mountains National Park in North Carolina and Tennessee.The hemlocks shade streams，keeping water temperatures just right for brook trout (鲑鱼) and other fish. They also house birds such as the black-throated green warbler，solitary vireo，and northern goshawk，all three of which mainly shelter in stands of hemlock trees.Because of the insect's broad impact on the entire ecosystem of southern Appalachia，HWA stands to cause wider damage than the American chestnut blight (枯萎病)of the early 1900s. That fungus from Europe killed off the once dominant chestnut trees from the northeast United States tothe southern Appalachian Mountains.In addition，a species related to HW A，the balsam woolly adelgid，has already killed about 90 percent of the mature Fraser fir trees in the Smokies.Acting QuicklyHW A arrived in the U.S. Pacific Northwest via nursery plants from Japan in 1924. By 1951 the tiny invader had been found in Virginia. Since then the insect has spread to more than 15 U.S. states.The key to killing the HW A is to catch it early and act quickly. It's already well established in the Great Smoky Mountains，where Rhea and others are trying to stem the spread of the bugs.HW A multiply quickly：All of the insects are females that reproduce asexually (无性地)，laying several hundred eggs a year. When they get to the nymph，or crawler，stage，they are dormant from about June until October，after which they emerge and establish themselves on trees.Winds and birds and other animals spread the crawlers through the forest.HW A crawlers feed on the new growth of hemlocks by piercing the twigs that hold the branches，sucking the sap，and injecting toxic saliva. The needles turn from a deep green to a grayish green and eventually die，depriving the tree of nutrition from photosynthesis.An infected tree usually dies within five years of initial attack. Infection is signaled by either a white，cottonlike material that appears along a tree's twigs or by the "baldness" of a tree's upper branches.Plans of AttackIn the Pacific Northwest the hemlocks seem to be tolerant of the creatures' feeding，and in the cold northeast，winters seem to keep them at bay. But in the warm southeast，with weather approximating that of the insects' native Asian homes，they thrive.Chemical sprays-such as insecticidal soaps and horticultural oils as well as trunk or soil injections-have helped to kill some of the HW A infestations.But spraying must be repeated every six months，and injections are expensive and last only two years at most. These methods can't be used conveniently or safely in remote areas or near the streams where hemlocks grow thickly.Long term，the best way to control the pests appears to be releasing other insects that feed exclusively on HW A. Scientists have studied HWA in Japan and China and identified three such species. One of them，the Sasajiscymnus tsugae (St) beetle，was released in areas of Great Smoky Mountains National Park in .Studying what controls a species in its native habitat-including climate，predators，and host resistance-provided clues about which insects to use against HWA，said Kristine Johnson. Based in Gatlinburg，Tennessee，Johnson is a supervisory forester for Great Smoky Mountains National Park."Biological control is the only long-term hope to save the trees in the backcountry (穷乡僻壤)," she said. "We have 800 square miles (2,100 square kilometers) of contiguous wilderness. We value the native forest，and it's entirely worth defending."Risky BusinessReleasing one species of non-native bug to kill another could be risky business，potentially creating another type of infestation. But scientists first quarantined and studied the HW A-killer insects.They believe the St beetles are the best answer to the HW A problem and that they won't cause side damage. This tiny black female beetle，the size of a poppy seed，is already spreading in the Great Smoky Mountains.But the beetle and other HW A-killer insects are seasonal，so it will take several different ones operating year-round to keep HW A in check，Rhea said. He doesn't believe HW A will be completely eradicated (根除) but will instead be kept in balance by the predator insects. "We're trying to insert a balance in a system that's out of balance," he said.Each St beetle can lay 200 to 300 eggs，said Ernest Bernard，professor of entomology at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville.Bernard's laboratory is one of several that are breeding the beetles."Each beetle eats hundreds of baby adelgids a year," he said. And about 120,000 of the beetles have been released in the past couple years in the Smokies，but it is still too early to measure their impact.One good sign，Bernard said，is that some beetle larvae (幼虫) have been found in areas where they were not released，indicating that the HWA killers may be reproducing and spreading.1. The passage gives a general description of an invasive insect，HWA.2. Hemlock is a hallmark of southern Appalachia's national parks.3. The invasive insect，known as the hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA)，is from Japan.4. The key to killing the HW A is to catch it early and act quickly.5. An infected tree usually dies immediately.6. The Hemlock in the U.S. will be saved from HWA soon.7. The long term，best way to control the pests HWA is spraying.8. Since 1951 the HW A has spread to more than________.9. Releasing one species of non-native bug to kill another could create________.10. It will take several different insects operating year-round to________.1小题>【参照答案】：Y2小题>【参照答案】：3小题>【参照答案】：N4小题>【参照答案】：N5小题>【参照答案】：Y6小题>【参照答案】：Y7小题>【参照答案】：NG8小题>【参照答案】：15 U.S. states9小题>【参照答案】：another type of infestation10小题>【参照答案】：keep HWA in check五、翻译第6题：It is time the whole society began to take action to ________________________(使咱们环境免于毁灭).【参照答案】：save our environment from destruction第7题：If we had set out earlier，________________________(咱们就不会在雨中行走).【参照答案】：we wouldn’t have walked in the rain第8题：When this semester is over，________________________ (我就能抽空读这部故事了).【参照答案】：I should be able to get around to reading this novel第9题：________________________ (在我设计出这个问题解决方案后)，I’ll submit a report to the committee.【参照答案】：After I work out a solution to the problem第10题：________________________ (我已得出结论)that it would be unwise to accept his proposal.【参照答案】：I have come to the conclusion六、写作题第11题：Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic：Online Education. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 当前网络教诲形成热潮2. 我以为形成这股热潮因素是……3. 我对网络教诲评价Online Education【参照答案】：Online EducationBeing online is no longer something strange in our life.To some degree，it has become part of our daily life. We can do a lot of things online，such as searching for information and communicating with friends far and near. But recently another helpful online activity has become very "in". That is online education.Why could online education be so popular within such a short period of time?Among all the reasons，the quick development of the internet should be the essential one，which makes our dreams of attending class in the distance possible. Another underlying reason is the quick development of both society and technology. Today，modern science and technology are developing at lightening speed. To catch up with the development we all feel an urgent and strong desire to study. However，due to the great pace of modern society，many people are too busy to study full time at school. Online education just comes to their aid.Personally，I appreciate this new form of education. It’s indeed a helpful complement to the traditional education system. It can provide different learners with more flexible and versatile ways of learning. Most of all，with online education，we can absorb the latest knowledge while working.。
英语四级全真预测试卷及答案解析(5)-3
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/wenkxd.htm（报名网址）Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.Many of the most damaging and life threatening types of weather-torrential rains, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes-begin quickly, strike suddenly, and disappear rapidly, destroying small regions while leaving neighboring areas untouched. Such event as a tornado struck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado exceeded $250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm.Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to study carefully the subtly atmospheric changes that come before these storms. In most nations, for example, weather-balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events.Until recently, the observation intensive approach needed for accurate, very short-range forecasts, or "Nowcasts", was not feasible. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was extremely high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were hard to overcome. Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observation over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyze this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists (气象学者) and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality.47. It can be inferred from the passage that the value of damages from torrential rains, severe thunderstorms and tornadoes is ________________________.48. Why do conventional models of the atmosphere fail to predict such a short-lived tornado?___________________________________________________________________________.49. It can be inferred from the passage that conventional forecasting models are now mostly used for ________________________.50. What does "Nowcasts" mean according to the passage?_____________________________________________________________________ ______.51. According to the passage, what makes "Nowcasting" a reality?_____________________________________________________________________ ______.Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A],[B],[C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.What makes Americans spend nearly half their food dollars on meals away from home? The answers lie in the way Americans live today. During the first few decades of the twentieth century, canned and other convenience foods freed the family cook from full-time duty at the kitchen range.Then, in the 1940s, work in the wartime defense plants took more women out of the home that ever before, setting the pattern of the working wife and mother. Unless family members pitch in with food preparation, women are not fully liberated from that chore.It's easier to pick up a bucket of fried chicken on the way home from work or take the family out for pizzas or burgers than to start opening cans or heating up frozen dinners after a long, hard day. Also nowadays, the rising divorce rate means that there are more single working parents with children to feed. And many young adults and elderly people, as well as unmarried and divorced mature people, live alone rather than as a part of a family unit and don't want to bother cooking for one. Fast food is appealing because it is fast, it doesn't require any dressing up, it offers a "fun" break in the daily routine, and the outlay of money seems small. It can be eaten in the car-sometimes picked up at a drive-in window without even getting out-or on the run. Even if it is brought home to eat, there will never be any dirty dishes to wash because of the handy disposable wrappings. Children, especially, love fast food because it's finger food, no struggling with knives and forks, no annoying instructions from adults about table manners.52. Americans enjoy fast food mainly because ________.[A] it can be eaten in the car[B] it is much more tasty than home-made food[C] one only uses his fingers while eating it[D] it is time-saving and convenient53. It can be inferred that children ________.[A] want to have freedom at table[B] wash dishes after each meal[C] are not good at using forks and knives while eating[D] take eating time as a fun break54. Many Americans are eating out and not cooking at home nowadays because ________.[A] they want to make a change after eating the same food for years at home[B] the food made outside home tastes better than food cooked at home[C] many of them live alone or don't like taking trouble to cook[D] American women refuse to cook at home due to women's liberation movement55. According to the text, a drive-in window is a ________.[A] car window from which you can see the driver[B] window in the restaurant from which you get your meal in the car[C] place where you check the mechanic condition of your car[D] entrance where you return the used plates after eating56. The expression "pitch in with" (Line 2, Para. 2) probably means________.[A] complain[B] enjoy[C] help[D] denyPassage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.InfraGard is a grass-roots effort to respond to the need for cooperation and collaboration in countering the threat of cyber crime and terrorism to private businesses and the government. By the end of September, there will be InfraGard chapters in all 50 states, Calloway said. With advice from the FBI, each local chapter will be run by a board of directors that includes members of private industry, the academic community and public agencies. Bands, utilities, and other businesses and government agencies will use a secure Web site to share information about attempts to hack into their computer networks. Members can join the system free. A key feature of the system is a two-pronged method of reporting attacks.A "sanitized" description of a hacking attempt or other incident-one that doesn't reveal the name or information about the victim-can be shared with the other members to spot trends. Then a more detailed description also can be sent to the FBI's computer crimes unit to interfere if there are grounds for an investigation. Cyber crime has jumped in recent years across the nation, particularly in hotbeds of financial commerce and technology like Charlotte. "Ten years ago, all you needed to protect yourself was a safe, a fence and security officers," said Chris Swecker, who is in charge of the FBI's Charlotte office. "Now any business with a modem is subject to attack." FBI agents investigate computer hacking that disrupted popular Web sites including Amazon. com, CNN and Yahoo!several North Carolina victims have been identified this year. The investigationhas also identified computer systems in North Carolina used by hackers to commit such attacks. Prosecutions of hackers have been hampered by the reluctance of companies to report security intrusions for fear of bad publicity and lost business. Meanwhile, too many corporations have made it too easy for criminals by sacrificing security for speed and accessibility. Jack Wiles, who will lead the local InfraGard chapter's board, said a recent report estimated 97 percent of all cyber crime goes undetected. Wiles, a computer security expert, has a firewall on his personal computer to prevent hackers from getting into his files. "I get at least one report a day that somebody was trying to get into my computer," he said, "the Net is a wonderful place, but it's also a dangerous one."57. From the first paragraph, we know ________.[A] InfraGard is a protective measure against cyber crime[B] InfraGard is a measure of cooperation and collaboration[C] there will be 50 InfraGard chapters in all states[D] private business and the government are now committing cyber crime58. Each local chapter of InfraGard will be run by the following EXCEPT ________.[A] academic communities[B] public agencies[C] FBI[D] private industry59. By saying "too many corporations...speed and accessibility" (Lines 3～4, Para. 3), the author means ________.[A] too many corporations take no notice of the security problem of computers[B] criminals are sacrificing security for speed and accessibility[C] it's very easy to sacrifice security for speed and accessibility[D] many companies suffer from computer hacking because they value speed and accessibility more than security60. All the following are reasons for the rise in cyber crime EXCEPT ________.[A] victims won't report intrusions by hackers[B] victims have no firewalls[C] the use of modem is increasing[D] companies don't pay enough attention to security61. It can be concluded from the passage that ________.[A] not all hacking attempts are worthy of investigation[B] information of the victims is inaccessible[C] InfraGard chapters will be in effect by the end of September[D] was often disrupted by hacking“成千上万人疯狂下载。
大学英语四级 模拟测试model text4(含答案解析)
2021年12月四级考试预测押题卷（四）Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an essay.Suppose you have two ways to learn about other countries:one is to travel abroad and the other to obtain the information online.You are to make a choice. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice.You should write at least120words but no more than180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension(25minutes)Section AQuestions1and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)Because the storm had cut power to them.B)Because the roads to them had been flooded.C)Because there might be mud slides.D)Because there might be tsunami.2.A)It is expected to last until Saturday afternoon.B)It has caused over300traffic deaths.C)It is the strongest one in years.D)It will be at its strongest on Saturday afternoon.Questions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)A car crash.B)A bushfire.C)A burglary.D)A terrorist attack.4.A)More than15homes had moved our.B)More than50homes had joined the fight.C)They had not had the fire under control yet.D)They had found a way to put out the fire.Questions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)They are useful in terms of security but have rusted.B)They are useful in terms of security but not beautiful.C)They are no longer strong enough to protect the tower.D)They are no longer needed as a photo spot.6.A)It is the most visited monument in the world.B)It is totally free of charge for visiting.C)The entry to the forecourt of the tower is free.D)The entry to the forecourt of the tower will be charged.7.A)Less visitor entrances.C)Ornamental lights.B)More security guards.D)Better elevators.Section BQuestions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)He played tennis for his high school team.B)He played football for his high school team.C)He played tennis starting from his junior year.D)He played tennis starting from his senior year.9.A)Tennis.B)Basketball.C)Golf.D)Volleyball.10.A)Because he has a lot in common with the woman.B)Because he thinks the woman is a good player.C)Because his team lacks girl players.D)Because his team can learn a lot from the woman.11.A)Join the man to watch a match.B)Visit a new stadium with the man.C)Watch the man play in a match.D)Join the man to play in a match. Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)An interview between a customer and a shopping assistant.B)An interview between an airport staff and a passenger.C)A conversation between two working staff about the airport’s future improvement.D)A conversation between an air-hostess and a passenger about the inflight meal service.13.A)Because many people want to stay in shape.B)Because he wants to take every chance to improve his health.C)Because many people are tired after long flights.D)Because massaging will be a good way to kill time.14.A)Seasonal ones.B)Fresh ones.C)Local ones.D)Juicy ones.15.A)Disappointing.B)Satisfying.C)Outdated.D)Lovely.Section CQuestions16to18are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)Because the planets are the same size as Earth.B)Because the planets are similar in many aspects to Earth.C)Because the planets are capable of supporting life.D)Because the planets have water on their surface.17.A)They are rocky planets.B)They are gaseous like Jupiter.C)They are covered by water.D)They are covered by sea ice.18.A)Because it has the right temperature and enough greenhouse gases.B)Because it has the right amount of water and enough greenhouse gases.C)Because it has the right atmosphere and enough greenhouse gases.D)Because it has the right gravity and enough greenhouse gases.Questions19to21are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)They should be widely used in the field of social services.B)They should be blamed for the increasing unemployment.C)They should be taxed the same amount as the people they replace.D)They should be taxed more than the ordinary people.20.A)They will surely face massive unemployment.B)They will need less income tax to spend.C)They will have less income tax to spend.D)They will have no need to cope with the changes.21.A)Psychologists.C)Room cleaners.B)Police officers.D)Doctors.Questions22to25are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)People who sleep late are smarter and more creative.B)People who sleep late are always late for their jobs.C)People who sleep late are easily irritated.D)People who sleep hate are slow and ineffective in their jobs.23.A)You will feel exhausted all day long.B)You can’t justify your lateness.C)You will be late for your work.D)You can’t find persuasive excuses.24.A)Because they can fully enjoy themselves late at night.B)Because they can fully concentrate their attention late at night.C)Because they can read the most fascinating book late at night.D)Because they can make rapid progress in mentality late at night.25.A)Group intelligence tests.C)Deductive reasoning tests.B)Emotional intelligence tests.D)Inductive reasoning tests.PartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes)Section AQuestions26to35are based on the following passage.Ask a left-wing Briton what they believe about the safety of nuclear power,and you can guess their answer. Ask a right-wing American about the risks posed by climate change,and you can also make a___26___guess than if you didn’t know their political affiliation.Issues like these feel like they should be___27____by science,not our political tribes,but sadly,that’s not what happens.Psychology has long shown that education and intelligence won’t stop your politics from___28___your broader worldview,even if those beliefs do not match the hard evidence.Instead,your ability to weigh up the facts may depend on a less well-recognised trait-____29____.There is now a mountain of____30____to show that politics doesn’t just help predict people’s views on some scientific issues;it also affects how they interpret new information.This is why it is a___31___to think that you can somehow“correct”people’s views on an issue by giving them more facts,since study after study has shown that people have a tendency to___32___reject facts that don’t fit with their existing views.But smarter people shouldn’t be susceptible to prejudice swaying their opinions,right?Wrong.Other research shows that people with the most education,highest mathematical abilities,and the strongest tendencies to be reflective about their beliefs are the most____33____to resist information which should contradict their prejudices.This undermines the simplistic assumption that prejudices are the result of too much gut instinct and not enough deep thought.Rather,people who have the___34___for deeper thought about an issue can use those cognitive powers to justify what they already believe and find reasons to dismiss apparently___35___evidence.A)better I)flexibilityB)competitively J)identicalC)contrary K)informedD)curiosity L)likelyE)evidence M)mistakeF)explained N)selectivelyG)facility O)shapingH)factSection BHow to Fix the Internet[A]We have to fix the internet.After40years,it has begun to corrode,both itself and us.It is still a marvelous and miraculous invention,but now there are bugs in the foundation,bats in the belfry,and trolls in the basement.[B]I do not mean this to be one of those technophobic rants insulting the interne for rewiring our brains to give us the nervous attention span of Donald Trump on Twitter or pontificating about how we have to log off and smell the flowers.Those worries about new technologies have existed ever since Plato was concerned that the technology of writing would threaten memorization and oratory(演讲术).I love the interne and all of its digital offshoots.What I feel sad for is its decline.[C]There is a bug in its original design that at first seemed like a feature but has gradually,and now rapidly, been exploited by hackers and trolls and malevolent actors:Its packets are encoded with the address of their destination but not of their authentic origin.With a circuit-switched network,you can track or trace back the origins of the information,but that’s not true with the packet-switched design of the internet.[D]Compounding this was the architecture that Tim Berners-Lee and the inventors of the early browsers created for the World Wide Web.It brilliantly allowed the whole of the earth’s computers to be webbed together and navigated through hyperlinks.But the links were one-way.You knew where the links took you.But if you had a webpage or piece of content,you didn’t exactly know who was linking to you or coming to use your content.[E]All of that protected the potential for anonymity.You could make comments anonymously.Go to a webpage anonymously.Consume content anonymously.With a little effort,send email anonymously.And if you figured out a way to get into someone’s servers or databases,you could do it anonymously.[F]For years,the benefits of anonymity on the net outweighed its drawbacks.People felt more free to express themselves,which was especially valuable if they were holding different opinions or hiding a personal secret.This was celebrated in the famous1993New Yorker cartoon,“On the Internet,nobody knows you’re a dog.”[G]Now the problem is nobody can tell if you’re a troll.Or a hacker.Or a bot.Or a Macedonian(马其顿的) teenager publishing a story that the Pope has supported Trump.This has poisoned civil discourse,enabled hacking,permitted cyberbullying,and made email a risk.[H]The lack of secure identification and authentication(身份认证)inherent in the internet’s genetic code had also prevented easy transactions,obstructed financial inclusion,destroyed the business models of content creators,unleashed the overflow of spam(垃圾邮件)，and forced us to use passwords and two-factor authentication schemes that would have confused Houdini.The trillions being spent and the IQ points of computer science talent being allocated to tackle security issues make it a drag,rather that a spur,to productivity in some sectors.[I]It Plato’s Republic,we learn the tale of the Ring of Gyges.Put it on,and you’re invisible and anonymous. The question that Plato asks is whether those who put on the ring will be civil and moral.He thinks not,The internet has proven him correct.The web is no longer a place of community,no longer a marketplace.Every day more sites are eliminating comments sections.[J]If we could start from scratch,here’s what I think we would do：Greate a system that enables content producers to negotiate with aggregators(整合者)and search engines to get a royalty whenever their content is used,like ASCAP has negotiated for public performances and radio airings of its members’works.Embed(嵌入) a simple digital wallet and currency for quick and easy small payments for songs,blogs,articles,and whatever other digital content is for sale.Encode emails with an authenticated return or originating address.Enforce critical properties and security at the lowest levels of the system possible,such as in the hardware or in the programming language,instead of leaving it to programmers to incorporate security into every line of code they write.Build chips and machines that update the notion of an internet packet.For those who want,their packets could be encoded or tagged with metadata(元数据)that describe what they contain and give the rules for how it can be used.[K]Most internet engineers think that these reforms are possible,from Vint Cerf,the original TCP/IP coauthor,to Milo Medin of Google,to Howard Shrobe,the director of cybersecurity at MIT.“We don’t need to live in cyber hell,”Shrobe has argued.Implementing them is less a matter of technology than of cost and social will.Some people,understandably,will resist any reduction of anonymity,which they sometimes label privacy.[L]So the best approach,I think,would be to try to create a voluntary system,for those who want to use it,to have verified identification and authentication.People would not be forced to use such a system.If they wanted to communicate and surf anonymously,they could.But those of us who choose,at times,not to be anonymous and not to deal with people who are anonymous should have that right as well.That’s the way it works in the real world.[M]The benefits would be many.Easy and secure ways to deal with your finances and medical records.Small payment systems that could reward valued content rather than the current incentive to concentrate on clickbait for advertising.Less hacking,spamming,cyberbullying,trolling,and spewing of anonymous hate.And the possibility of a more civil discourse.36.The one-way hyperlinks enable users to do many things online anonymously.37.Although anonymity can make people conceal their identity online,now it has poisoned their online life.38.To adopt the voluntary system would be advantageous to our online life in a number of aspects.39.There are several ways to reduce anonymity if we can rebuild the internet from the very beginning.40.The author suggested inventing a system to let people go online anonymously or not as they wish.41.The author thinks the internet should be fixed not because he is afraid of new technologies but becauseproblems arise in it.42.Pubic opposition could become one of the biggest obstacles to carrying out the reforms.43.The hazard of anonymity mentioned by Plato has been shown on the internet.44.People used to think that anonymity online did more good than harm.45.It is the design of the internet that makes it impossible to find out where the information comes from. Section CPassage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.In today’s world,online social media has become more powerful and the most destructive thing over worldwide.Although with time all generations have come to embrace the changes social network has brought about,teenagers and young adults are the most fanatic users of these sites.According to various research studies in the field of online social networks,it has been revealed that these sites are impacting the lives of the youth greatly. When using these sites such as Twitter,Facebook or Myspace,there are both positive and negative effects on the youth.Firstly,social media helps the youth and any other user updated with what is happening around the world, and helps the teenagers stay connected and interact with each other even if they are many miles apart.This strengthens their relationship.Even if they finished school and moved to different locations,they stay connected and update one another.In addition,social media sites have provided a platform whereby the youth can create groups and pages based on their common discipline and end up building connections and opportunities for their respective careers by updating various topics to discuss.Youth who have been interviewed say that social media has become their lifestyle and it makes their lives easier and more efficient.While on the one hand social network sites seem to bring people together and stay connected,on the other hand it causes many physical and mental health problems such as eyes infection,back problems,etc.Other negative effects of social networking various people suggested included encouraging poor spelling and grammar, exposing underage to online predators(捕食者),allowing spread of misinformation that is seen as fact, decreasing productivity as those who are supposed to e working spend time in the sites to chat,providing a perfect platform for cyberbullying and providing details that increase risks of identity theft.“The more social media we have,the more we think we’re connecting,yet we are really disconnecting from each other.”In conclusion,social networking clearly portrays both positive and negative effects on the youth.It is the decision of individuals whether to use it in a right way or wrong.46.According to the first paragraph,_______.A)both online and offline social media have developed quicklyB)social medial sites are always being attackedC)the effects of social medial were welcomed in the beginningD)the most crazy fans of social medial are the youth47.What is young people’s purpose in adopting the platform offered by social media sites?A.To improve their academic performance.B)To lay the foundation for their future careers.C)To practice their debate skills.D)To change their way of living.48.What does the author mainly imply about the disadvantages of social networking?A)Increasing the prevalence of oral errors.B)Putting minors in danger.C)Spreading falsehoods and rumors.D)Leaking users’personal information.49.The author’s attitude towards social media is______.A)objective B)positive C)negative D)impassive50.What’s the main topic of this passage?A)The introduction of online social media history.B)The research on online social media.C)The influence of online social media on the youth.D)The correct way to use online social media.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.Cutting toxic levels of city air pollution to safer levels is simple,but not easy-it requires resolve.Yet,despite the key culprit(罪犯)in the UK being well known-diesel(柴油机的)vehicles-the government has been asleep at the wheel for years.Levels of nitrogen dioxide(二氧化氮)have been illegally high across much of the UK since2010.In2015 86%of major urban areas broke annual limits.Cutting this pollution means choking off diesel emissions and there is a wide range of effective measures available.Creating zones in city centres where polluting care are either banned or charged is important,while making cities safe for cycling cuts traffic too.Cleaner buses and taxis have an important role to play and change to the perverse taxes that encourage people to buy diesel over cleaner cars is needed.There is also some support for a revival of a scrappage scheme which saw dirty old bangers taken off the road.The environment and transport departments were well aware of all this and proposed many of these measures internally,only for the Treasury to reject most of them,arguing they“would be politically very difficult, especially given the impacts on motorists.”Motorists happen to be particularly badly exposed to air pollution,but the real political difficulty for the government is two humiliating legal defeats in two years where judges ruled its air pollution plans were so bad they were illegal.Ministers have now been forced to come up with a third plan,but clean air zones and car tax changes take time to clean up the air.Yet the UK government is also in the slow lane when it comes to emergency measures.When foul air descended on Paris in December,officials there swung into action.Public transport was made free and the number of cars allowed on roads was restricted,alternately barring those with odd and even licence plates.In the UK,during the same December smog,the government sent a few tweets.At the root of the problem are diesel cars,which successive governments across Europe have utterly failed to ensure meet legal emissions limits when driving in real-world conditions on the road.The gaming of regulatory tests by carmakers was blown open by the Volkswagen scandal.The scandal of governments prioritising supposed driver freedom over the lungs and health of their citizens is only now playing out.51.What does the author think of fixing air pollution in the first paragraph？A)It is a piece of cake.B)It needs political will.C)It is the main problem.D)It has a lone way to go.52.The aim of those in favor of a scrappage scheme is______.A)to reduce diesel emissions B)to encourage the use of old carsC)to retire low-end old vehicles D)to cut own on traffic accidents53.It can be inferred from the passage that the Treasury______.A)was quite clear about the current situation of air pollutionB)opposed almost every proposal about reducing air pollutionC)believed the anti-pollution measures to be unaffordableD)made such objections partly due to the effects on drivers54.Why do the UK ministers have to put forward a third air pollution plan?A)Because drivers are suffering the most from sir pollution.B)Because the first two plans were found illegal by the judges.C)Because long-term solutions are ignored by the government.D)Because emergency measures are falling behind.55.Which of the following measures did the French government take when smog suddenly arrived in December?A)Establishing clean air zones.C)Limiting vehicles based on license plate number.B)Reforming car taxes.D)Posting several announcements on Twitter.PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)西汉时期，中国的船队就达到了印度和斯里兰卡（Sri Lanka）,用中国的丝绸换取了琉璃（colored glaze）、珍珠等物品。
2023年9月英语等级考试pets4全真预测题
2023年9月英语等级考试pets4全真预测题2023年9月英语等级考试pets4全真预测题section iii reading prehensionpart aread the following four texts. answer the questions below each text by choosing a, b, c or d. mark your answers on answer sheet 1.text1. from the second paragraph we learn that[a] the objection to euthanasia is diminishing in some countries.[b] physicians and citizens have the same view on euthanasia.[c] technological changes arechiefly responsible for the new law.[d] it takes time to appreciate the significance of laws passed.3. when lloyd nickson is close to death, he will[a] undergo a cooling off period of seven days.[b] experience the suffering of lung cancer patient.[c] have an intense fear of terrible suffering.[d] facehis death with the calm characteristic of euthanasia.4. what is the author's attitude towards euthanasia?[a]hostile.[b] suspicious.[c] approving.[d] indifferent.5. we can infer from the text that the author believesthe success of the right-to-diemovement is[a] only a matter of time.[b] far from certain.[c] just an illusion.[d] a shattered hope.part bread the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into chinese. your translation should be written clearly on answer sheet 2.do animals have rights? this is how the questionis usually put. it sounds like a useful, ground-clearing way to start.61) actually, it isn't, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have.on one view of rights, to be sure, it necessarily follows thatanimals have none.62) some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements. therefore, animals cannot have rights. the idea of punishing a tiger that killssomebody is absurd; for exactly the same reason, so is the idea that tigers have rights. however, this is only one account, and by no means an uncontested one. it denies rights not only to animals but also to some people ? for instance, to infants, the mentally incapable and future generations. in addition, it is unclear what force a contract can have for people who never consented to it: how do you reply to somebody who says “i don't like this contract”?the point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless.64) arguing from the view that humans aredifferent from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice. any regard for the suffering of animals is seen as a mistake ? a sentimental displacement of feeling that should properly be directed to other humans.this view, which holds that torturing a monkey is morally equivalent to chopping wood, may seem bravely “logical”. in fact it is simply shallow: the confused center is right to rejectit. the most elementary form of moral reasoning ? the ethical equivalent of learning to crawl ? is to weigh others' interests against one's own. this in turn requires sympathy and imagination: without which there is no capacity for moral thought. to see an animal in pain is enough, for most, to engage sympathy.65) when that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind's instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.section iv writingwidespread tobacco consumption has led to grave consequences, yet the tobacco panies are still claiming that they make a valuable contribution to the world economy.write an essay1) criticizing their view and2) justifying your stand.in your essay, make full use of the information provided in the picturesprinted below.you should write approximately 160 ? 200 words on answer sheet 2.。
大学英语四级模拟试题四(附含答案解析)
大学英语四级模拟题四Part One Reading Comprehension (2’×10 = 20’)Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneAir pollution can spread from city to city. It even spreads from one country to another. Some northern European countries have had “black snow”from pollutants that have traveled through the air from other countries and have fallen with the snow. So air pollution is really a global problem.Air pollution can kill babies, older people, and those who have respiratory（呼吸的）diseases. As found in cities, air pollution increases the risks of certain lung diseases.Air pollution can cause both airplane and car accidents because it cuts down visibility （能见度）. There are other possible health dangers from air pollution that we don’t know much about. For example, scientists are trying to find out whether chemicals that reach us from the air may cause changes in our cells. These changes might cause babies to be born with serious birth defects. Scientists are trying to learn how all the many chemicals are apt（易于的）to take into our bodies from air, water, food, and even medicines act together to affect our health and the way our bodies work. That is another reason why it is so important to begin to control pollution now instead of waiting until we learn all the answers.Air pollution costs us a lot of money. It corrodes（腐蚀）our buildings. It damages farm crops and forests. It has a destructive effect on our works of art. The cost of all this damage to our government is great. It would be much more worthwhile, both for us and for the government, to spend our tax dollars on air pollution control.1. Air pollution may lead to airplane accidents because .A. it may cause pilots to be illB. engines may fail from the air-borne dirtC. visibility is reducedD. it brings a lot of black snow2. Scientists are trying to find a link between pollution and .A. intelligence levelsB. birth problemsC. man’s behaviorD. the nervous system3. Scientists have not yet determined .A. all of the effects of pollution on the human bodyB. how pollution can be controlled successfullyC. when the atmosphere first became pollutedD. how some snow becomes black4. The author suggests that before air pollution becomes more serious, .A. factories will be forced to stop operatingB. buildings should be protectedC. the earth will begin to grow colderD. more money should be spent to solve the problem5. We can conclude that .A. civilization may be ruined if pollution is not controlledB. pollution is more serious in Europe than it is in AmericaC. most people do not know that pollution is a serious problemD. we should learn all the answers before we begin to control pollutionPassage TwoStiletto heels could be banned from the workplace because of health and safety reasons, according to British Trade Union bosses. The Trade Union Congress, predominantly male, has proposed a motion arguing that high heels are disrespectful to women while they also contribute to long term injuries. They propose instead that women wear “sensible shoes”with an inch heel limit in an attempt to avoid future foot and back pain as well as injuries. The motion is due to be debated at next month’s conference. The motion states: “Congress believes high heels may look glamorous on the Hollywood catwalks but are completely in appropriate for the day-to-day working environment. Feet bear the burden of daily life, and for many workers prolonged standing, badly fitted footwear, and in particular high heels can be a hazard. Around two million days a year are lost through sickness as a result of lower limb disorders. Wearing high heels can cause long-term foot problems and also serious foot, knee and back pain and damaged joints. Many employers in the retail sector force women workers to wear high heels as part of their dress code. More must be done to raise awareness of this problem so that women workers and their feet are protected.”Nadline Dorries, the Tory Member of Parliament, however criticized the motion and said the extra height heels give women can help them when in the workplace. “I’m 5ft 3in and need every inch of my Christian Louboutin heels to look my male colleagues in the eye,”she said. “If high heels were banned in Westminster, no one would be able to find me. TheTrade Union leaders need to get real, stop using obvious sexist tactics by discussing women’s stilettos to divert tension away from Labor chaos.”Michelle Dewberry, a former winner of The Apprentice, said the motion was patronizing （自认为高人一等的）. “This is absolutely ridiculous and I think these union officials should be spending their time dealing with more important issues”, she said. “I’m at work in five-inch heels and perfectly able to do my job. Heels are sexy, they boost your confidence and they are empowering to women. I can’t imagine these officials debating a motion about how tightly men should wear their ties. Wearing heels is a personal choice.”6. Which of the following best explains what stiletto heels are?A. Very high heels that women wear.B. Shoes with an inch heel limitC. High heels most appropriate for catwalks.D. Shoes most suitable for retailsector worker7. Why do the Trade Union leaders propose to ban stiletto heels from the workplace?A. Because they don’t want to have the workplace look like Hollywood.B. Because they think the stiletto heels give women excuse to ask for a sick leave.C. Because the shoes are believed to be harmful to people’s health.D. Because they hold the idea that women themselves should decide what to wear.8. Why did Nadline Dorries criticize the motion?A. Because she feels the extra height helps people to find her.B. Because she feels the extra height improves her vision.C. Because she feels the extra height adds to her personal charm.D. Because she feels the extra height makes her more confident.9. What is Michelle Dewberry’s opinion on the motion?A. The union leaders should mind their own business.B. Women are perfectly able to decide what to wear.C. Union officials shouldn’t have debates on any motions.D. Women will never be hurt wearing the stiletto heels.10. What can you infer from the passage?A. Union leaders care about women employees very much.B. Women think differently from male union leaders.C. There is going to be a heated debate over this motion.D. Height means power and confidence at workplaces.Part Two Listening Comprehension (35’)Section A (1’×15 = 15’) Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.11.A. Invite four people to dinner.B. Book a corner table for six.C. Give a birthday party in the restaurant.D. Book a table for four people at 6:00.12.A. Teacher and student. B. Patient and doctor.C. Customer and waiter.D. Husband and wife.13.A. Walking. B. Sightseeing.C. Driving.D. Shopping.14.A. The man lives in New York.B. The man enjoys his trip.C. The man is going to phone the woman.D. Someone is waiting for him.15.A. She will decide later.B. She doesn’t care for either.C. She doesn’t want to go out.D. She wants the man to decide.16.A. Frank’s car was accidentally lost.B. Frank was killed in a car accident.C. Frank fell out of a car.D. Frank survived a car accident.17. A. At 8:30. B. At 9:00.C. At 9:10.D. At 10:00.18. A. Coming back for a later show.B. Waiting in a queue.C. Coming back in five minutes.D. Not going to the movie today.Conversation OneQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A. 80 pounds a month.B. 100 pounds a month.C. Ranging from 80 to 100 pounds a month.D. 180 pounds a month.20.A. 2 bedrooms with the kitchen and dining room separated or combined.B. 2 bedrooms with kitchen and dining room separated.C. 2 bedrooms with kitchen and dining room combined.D. 2 bedrooms without the kitchen and dining room.21. A. 0.5 mile.B. 1 mile.C. 1.5 miles.D. 2 miles.22. A. Look for more houses that might meet their needs.B. Go to the ideal house and have a look.C. Talk with their parents about the rental fees.D. Sign the contract terms.Conversation TwoQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A. Their different plans for summer vacation.B. A vacation without the sea.C. The silver beams of the moon reflected on the ocean.D. A group of tourists going to the mountain every summer.24. A. To go swimming every day.B. To stay in the mountains as usual.C. To go to the seaside.D. To enjoy the silver beams of the moon.25. A. He likes swimming.B. He will still go to the mountains this summer.C. He doesn’t want to go to the seaside.D. He will go to a seaside city alone.Section B (1’×10 = 10’) Directions: In this section, you are going to hear three short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passages and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26 A. Lack of confidence.B. Lack of intelligence.C. Carelessness.D. Absent-mindedness. 27 A. To accompany his children on a train ride.B. To have a holiday with his children on the beach.C. To take his children to visit a friend of his in a seaside town.D. To stay at home and take care of his children.28 A. He could not find his children at the station.B. He could not find the piece of paper his wife gave him.C. He forgot the phone number of his home.D. The train had already gone.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29 A. She told Peter to buy her an inexpensive gift.B. She told Peter not to buy her a gift.C. She told Peter to buy her an expensive gift.D. She told Peter not to buy any gift but write her a letter.30 A. The history and grammar of languages.B. Everyday use of language.C. Homes, work, coffee shops, elevators, and supermarkets.D. The relationship between people.31 A. The differences between the way men and women travel to different places.B. The differences in the way people treat others’ conversation.C. The differences between the way men and women communicate.D. The differences in the way people from different geographic areas behave.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32 A. He listens to music and makes music himself.B. He listens to music from early in the morning till late at night, at home and at school.C. He goes to discos, parties and concerts frequently.D. He listens to music while he is having breakfast and doing homework.33 A. It makes young people neglect their studies.B. It causes clashes between parents and their teenage children.C. It is often too loud.D. It is often linked to young people taking drugs.34 A. Steve would take drugs.B. Steve’s hearing would be damaged someday.C. Steve would sooner or later get mixed up with some evil guys.D. Steve would become self-centered.35 A. Music has become a very important part of life for children and adults.B. Whether music is good or not to people depends on how it is used.C. Teenagers nowadays spend less time on their studies than listening to music.D. Music has more negative effects than positive effects on teenagers. Section C (10’) Directions : In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. （请写在答题纸上） Advertising is a way of bringing (36) to the public for the purpose of selling a product, a service, an idea, or an (37) . The information is transmitted by means of (38) ___________ word or over the air. It may be presented as a simple (39) ____________ of fact, or as more often, it may be offered in colorful or even (40) language. All advertising is intended to stimulate people to do some (41) __________ things, such as buy a product, order a service, join an organization, or (42) ___________ a meeting and so on. Each advertisement is paid for by a person, a group, an organization, or a (43) ___________ enterprise seeking to advance his or her goals. In a modern society, everyone uses advertising in one way or another. A person may obtain a job by answering a classified ad, or sometimes called a small ad. It is placed in a newspaper by those wishing to sell or buy something, lease or rent something, offer or get employment, etc. (44) _____________________ whose advertisements express ideas that attract him. In choosing food products and other items of daily living, he is usually guided or influenced by advertising. (45) ___________________________. Advertising has certainly played an important part in making modern goods and services available to the general public, it hastened consumer ’s acceptance of such new products as cars, telephones, electric refrigerators, and frozen foods. (46) ___________________________________. Part Three Vocabulary and Structure (0.5’×20 = 10’) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. 47. Isn ’t this straw hat beautiful? My wife ________ it on her business trip to China last year. A. runs into B. came upon with C. came upon D. comes across 48. The spokesman was merely given a _____ version of the document, so he didn ’t know much about the details.A. condenseB. condensedC. condensingD. condensable 49. To be granted a substantial yearly bonus （奖金）is considered ________ to getting a raise in pay. A. comparison B. comparative C. comparably D. comparable 50. The boss ________ him that she had no plan to let him go. A. insured B. ensured C. assured D. sured 51. Plenty of football and basketball clubs are eager to________ young athletes if they showgreat promise. A. smash B. sponsor C. steer D. spur 52. _________ fired, your health care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off. A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be 53. Anyone without patience and _________ is unlikely to make a good researcher. A. persistence B. consist C. consistence D. persist 54. The new secretary has written a remarkably ________ report within a few hundred words but with all the important details included.A. briskB. preciseC. elaborateD. concise 55. He returned to his hometown so that he could ________ his passion for football. A. indulge B. break C. limit D. obsess 56. From all the indications, it is safe to ________ that the prices of cars will go down by large margins. A. consume B. assure C. resume D. assume57. He tried to explain the complicated theory to me, but I got even more _______ by the technical terms in his explanation. A. encouraged B. confused C. imported D. convinced 58. As the clouds drifted away, an even higher peak became_______ to the climbers. A. evident B. apparent C. visible D. obvious59. She wants to drop out of college and become a singer, but her parents _______ very muchon her intention.A. frownB. emphasizeC. disapproveD. focus60. A peculiarly pointed chin is her most memorable facial _______. A. mark B. feature C. appearance D. trace61. I have bought so many new books this year that it ’s really difficult for me to keep _______ of them.A. accountB. recountC. constantD. count62. The theories of relativity have made _______ changes in our views of the universe.A. fundamentalB. ambitiousC. linguisticD. respective63. The lady dressed in the latest Paris fashion is _______ in her appearance but rude inher speech.A. excessiveB. elaborateC. elegantD. exaggerated64. The failure of the movie hastened her decision to _______ from the glamorous screen andspend more time with her family.A. retreatB. resignC. rejectD. replace65. Our _______ talks promise a good future for our cooperation.A. exteriorB. initialC. interiorD. invisible66. There is much I enjoy about the changing seasons, but my favorite time is the _______from fall to winter.A. transmissionB. transformationC. transitionD. transfer Part Four Banked Cloze (1’×10 = 10’)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. （请在答题纸上写单词的代号）Ivory Soap is an American institution, about widely recognized as the Washington Monument and far more well respected than Congress. It had already (67) ____________ this noble status when Theodore Roosevelt was still a rough-riding cowboy in North Dakota. Introduced in 1879 as an (68) ____________ white soap intended to rival the quality of (69) ____________ soaps, it was mass marketed by means of one of the first nationwide advertising (70) ____________. People were told that Ivory was “so pure that it floats,”and the notion took (71) ____________. As a result, at least half a dozen generations of Americans have gotten themselves clean with Ivory.So many hands, faces, and baby bottoms have been washed with Ivory that their numbers (72) ____________ the imagination. Not even Proctor & Gamble knows how many billions of (73) ____________ of Ivory have been sold. The company keeps a precise count, (74) ____________, of the billions of dollars it earns. (75) ____________ sales of Ivory Soap, Ivory Snow, Crest toothpaste, Folger’s coffee, and the hundreds of other products now marketed under the Proctor & Gamble umbrella (76) ____________ thirty billion dollars.Part Five Translation （写在答题纸上）( 2’×5 = 10’)Directions: Complete sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.77. If you do have financial difficulties, __________ (你可以申请学生贷款).78. His mother insisted that __________ (他每月的零花钱不能超过100元).79. His first debate on TV __________ (给听众留下了深刻的印象).80. It’s one thing to understand the principle, __________ (要付诸实践又是另外一回事).81. We bought a car last month, __________ (是用我的名字登记的).Part Six Writing ( 15’ ×1=15’)Directions: For this part, you are required to write a short essay on the topic Graduates’Cost in Job-hunting. You should write at least 120 words (no more than 150 words) based on the topic sentence for each paragraph:1.大学生的求职花费逐年增高2.分析原因3.我的观点（注：作文写在答题纸上）大学英语四级模拟题四答案Part One Reading Comprehension (2’×10 = 20’)1-5 C B A D A 6-10 A C D B CPart Two Listening Comprehension (1’×25+0.5×8+2×3 = 35’)11-15 D C C B D 16-20 D C A C A 21-25 A B A C A 26-30 D B B B B 31-35 C D D B B 36. information 37. event 38. printed 39. statement40. emotional 41. specific 42. attend 43. business44. A person may decide to join an organization.45. Advertisements may also influence his choice of a vacation spot, hotel, etc.46.It seeks to make each product represent a new and better way of life.Part Three Vocabulary and Structure (0.5’×20 = 10’) 47-51 C B D C B 52-56 B A D A D 57-61 B C A B D 62-66 A C A B CPart Four Banked Cloze (1’×10 = 10’)67-71 A I G L O 72-76 D K C M JPart Five Translation ( 2’×5 = 10’)77.you can apply for a student loan.78.his pocket money (should) not exceed 100 yuan per month.79. made / left a deep impression on his audience.80. it’s another thing to put it into practice.81. which was registered under my name / and it was registered under my name.Part Six Writing ( 15’×1=15’) Open.。
2023年英语CET四级考前模拟预测练习题附答案
2023年英语CET四级考前模拟预测练习题附答案Ive been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinctionand one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mindand the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel nomatter how much we might like to think so.Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter.If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture afleeting ( 稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it withthe world in raw form; no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want tomake writing the tool for thinking that it is.The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow callsfree writing. In freewriting, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. Nostopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideaswill come out from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.Now you have taw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that youve persuaded tosit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually haveand you will end up staring blankly at the page as the deadline draws near.Instead of staring at a blank screen, start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through youravailable time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forthuntil you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.56、When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind cannot work in parallel (Line 3, Para.1 ) in the writing process, he means ____A.no one can be both creative and criticalB.they cannot be regarded as equally importantC.they are in constant conflict with each otherD.one cannot use them at the same time57、What prevems people from writing on is ____A.putting their ideas in raw formB.attempting to edit as they writeC.ignoring grammatical soundnessD.trying to capture fleeting thoughts58、What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing?A.To organize ones thoughts logically.B.To choose an appropriate topic.C.To get ones ideas down.D.To collect raw materials.59、One common concern of writers about free writing is that ____. .A.it overstresses the role of the creative mindB.it takes too much time to edit afterwardsC.it may bring about too much criticismD.it does not help them to think clearly60、In what way does the critical mind help the writer in the writing process?A.It refines his writing into better shape.B.It helps him to come up with new ideas.C.It saves the writing time available to him.D.It allows him to sit on the side and observe.答案解析:56-60：DBCBA【2023年英语CET四级考前模拟猜测练习题附答案】。
预测题四答案及听力文本
大学英语四级考试预测试题四答案解析Part I Writing（15分）【范文】On College Students Pursuing FashionThe ever-changing fashion mirrors the advance of human civilization.It is quite natural human nature to desire for beauty and fashion. However, some college students are having too burning a passion for fashionable things that they even cut down on their daily expending for meals or books to satisfy their unreasonable needs for fashion.As far as I am concerned, college students should have their own minds and independent thoughts rather than become the slaves of fashion since the disadvantages of the blinded following of fashion are obvious. First of all,this kind of blind pursuit of fashion will cause college students a great distraction from their study. What’s more, this costly hobby of following the tide will impose a heavy financial stress on their parents.All in all, college students should adopt a more reasonable attitude to and keep a cooler mind about the trend of pursuing fashion.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)【答案】1. D2. C3. A4. A5. D6. D7. C8. less elastic 9. black 10. silent shortage of bloodPart III Listening ComprehensionSection A （每题1分，共15分）11. A 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. C 16. B 17. D 18. C19. A 20. C 21. D 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. DSection B （每题1分，共10分）26. C 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. A Section C （每题1分，共10分）36. entertaining 37. particularly 38. criminals 39. unexpected40. deliver 41. explanation 42. extremely 43. companions44. When a dog has been properly trained, he will always lead his blind master in the rightdirection and keep him out of danger.45. Dogs can be taught to obey commands when the sound of a word is connected with a certainact.46. A stick can be thrown far away, and the dog enjoys running after it, and searching for it untilhe finds it.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)Section A （每题0.5分，共5分）47. D 48. L 49. A 50. N 51. I 52. H 53. B 54. O 55. C 56. JSection B （每题2分，共20分）Passage One57. B 58. B 59. C 60. A 61. CPassage Two62. C 63. D 64. B 65. A 66. APart V Cloze (每题0.5分，共10分)【答案】67. B 68. B 69. C 70. A 71. A 72. C 73. D 74. B 75. A 76. B 77. A 78. B 79. C 80. D 81. B 82. A 83. A 84. C 85. D 86. BPart VI Translation (每题1分，共5分)87. Whoever respects others / Anyone who respects others88. didn’t find a substitute89.are those stars visible90. Having come into use at the end of 18th century91.applicable to everyone without exception【听力原文】11. W: Why didn’t you come to Sally’s party last night? We really had a lot of fi ne.M: Oh, I just wasn’t in a party mood.Q: Why didn’t the man go to the party?12. W: You don’t seem to be able to sit still today. What’s going on?M: Today they announce who gets the biggest scholarship for next year.Q: How does the man probably feel?13. W: This doesn’t look at all familiar. We must be lost. We’d better get some directions.M: Let’s pull in here. While I fill in the tank, you ask about the directions and get soft drink.Q: Where will the man and woman go for assistance?14. M: Have you bought your math books yet?W: I got my English book, but the physics and math books had been sold out. I don’t have a book for my computer course, either.Q: Which books doesn’t the woman get?15. M: Have you finished your term paper? I handed in mine last Friday.W: I finished typing mine at three o’clock this morning. I have to hand it in by noon today.Q: When must the girl turn in her paper?16. M: What did you think of the final exam?W: I was expecting it to be easy, but at the end of the first hour, I was still on the first page. I barely had time for the last question.Q: What can we conclude from the conversation?17. M: Well, how do you like it?W: I like it, but the sleeves are too short, and it’s a little tight around the waist.Q: Where did this conversation most likely take place?18. W: James, what are you doing with that budgetary report?M: I keep adding and reading the numbers, but they just don’t balance.Q: What is probably Jame’s profession?Conversation 1W: Hey, Neal, now that the midterms are over, (19) a bunch of us are getting away for the weekend to go canoeing. Do you want to come along?M: Well, um, it be great to get away, but I’ve never done it before.W: None of the others have either except me. I went once last fall. But there’ll be an instructor in each canoe the first day.M: I don’t know.W: Oh, come on. (20) This is our last chance to take a break before finals. The scenery is beautiful, and if it gets too hot we can dive in whenever we feel like it. The river’s really calm this time of the year, no rapids to deal with.M: That’s a relief. What should I have to bring?W: Let’s see. Tom’s bringing food for the Friday night cookout for everyone. And the people who run the trip have tents set up and they supply food and drinks for all day Saturday. On the way back Sunday morning we’ll stop somewhere for breakfast. (21) So, you have to bring a bathing suit and a sleeping bag.M: Well, I do love camping and sleeping out. Where is the place?W: Well, it’s about an hour and half to the place where we meet the trip leaders. We leave our car there and they drive us upriver to the place we start canoeing.M: And who’s driving us to the meeting place?W: Well, I was hoping we could take your car. Mine’s in the garage again.M: Oh, I see. It’s not me you want; it’s my car.W: Don’t be silly. So what would you say?M: Oh, why not!W: Great! (22) I’ll give you a call when I find out when everyone wants to leave on Friday.19. What does the woman call the man mainly for?20. Which is NOT mentioned by the woman as a reason to persuade the man to go?21. What does the man have to bring?22. What does the woman give the man a call to talk about?Conversation 2W: I’m sorry, but I can’t let you check out these books.M: What do you mean?W: (23) The computer shows you got an overdue book, art work, out since last September.M: But that’s impossible. I only start going to this school last month and I’m a business major, not an artist.W: Oh, this is pretty strange. (24) Let me look out the records. OK. You are Richard Smith?M: Yeah.W: You live at fifty thirty-three western?M: No, I’m living on campus, in the new …W: You did say you are Richard Smith, right?M: Yeah, well, my full name is Richard James Smith, but I usually go by Richard Smith.W: (24) Let me check one more thing on the computer. Aha, I see now. There’s another Richard Smith in the art class …Richard EL Smith. And it looks like he’s the one who got the overdue book checked out.M: Another Richard Smith? No kidding!W: So I guess you two never met.M: No, but I think I should probably try. I could at least warn him what’s just happened.W: Good idea. Now I’ll let you check out these books today. But I suggest you start using your middle name, or mid initial to avoid any problem like this in the future.23. Why can’t the woman let the man check out the books?24. What does the woman find when she checks the records on her computer?25. What does the woman suggest the man doing in the future?Passage 1(26) When I first went to London as a student, I sat alone during parties with my glass of wine. I hoped people would think that I was having great thoughts and that someone might come up to me and say, “Excuse me, I hope you won’t mind my coming up to you like this. I don’t want to interrupt you. But really, you are the only interesting-looking person in the room. May I talk to you?”(26) It never happened. Here is some advice if you would like to be a good conversationalist. Be an attentive listener. Encourage other to talk about themselves. To be interesting, and be interested. Ask questions that other people will enjoy answering. Encourage them to talk about themselves and what they have done. (27) Remember that the people you are talking to are a hundred times more interested in themselves and their problems than they are in you and your problems. A person’s toothache means more to that person than a famine in Africa which kills a million people. A pain in one’s arm interests one more than forty earthquakes in America. Think of that the next time you start a conversation. Diogenes, the Greek philosopher, who is supposed to have lived in a barrel, said: “The reason why we have two ears and only one mouth is (28) so that we may listen more and talk less.”26. What happened to the speaker at parties when he first went to London as a student?27. Why should we encourage others to talk about themselves to be a good conversationalist?28. What can we learn from what the Greek philosopher said?Passage 2Crime is a serious problem in Britain. One sort of crime which particularly worries people is (29) juvenile delinquency — that is, crimes committed by young people. For some years, juvenile delinquency has been increasing. There are two main sorts of juvenile crime, stealing and violence. Most people do not understand why young people commit these crimes. There are, I think, a large number of different reasons.These crimes are not usually committed by people who are poor or in need. (30) Young people often dislike and resent the adult world. They will do things to show that they are rebels. Also, in Britain today it is easier for young people to commit crimes (30) because they have more freedom to go where they like and more money to do what they like.(30) Another possible cause worth mentioning is that more and more people in Britain live in large towns. In a large town no one knows who anyone else is or where they live. But in the village I come from crimes are rare because everybody knows everyone else.Although it’s difficult to explain, I think that (31) the last cause is very important. Perhaps there is something wrong with our society which encourages violence and crime. It is a fact that all the time children are exposed to films and reports about crimes and violence. Many people do not agree, but I think that young people are very much influenced by the society they grow up un.29. What is “juvenile delinquency” according to the speaker?30. Which of the following is NOT considered to be a cause of juvenile delinquency by thespeaker?31. Who are to blame for juvenile delinquency according to the speaker?Passage 3Would the world really be so much better if there were no dust? (32) The answer is: in some ways, yes and in some ways, no. What is dust, anyway? (33) It consists of particles of earth or other solid matter, which are light enough to raised and carried by the wind. Where do these particles come from? (33) They might come from dead plants and animal matter, from seashore, from desert or volcanic sand, and from the ashes. (33) For the most part dust is not a very desirable or beneficial thing. (34) But in one way it helps make the world more beautiful. The lovely colors of the down and of the twilight depend to a great extent on the amount of the dust that is present in the air. Particles of the dusts in the upper air reflect the sun’s rays. This makes its light visible on earth an hour or two after sunset. The different colors which make up the sun’s light are bent at different angles as they are reflected by the dust and water vapor particles. Sunsets are red because these particles bend the red rays of the sun in such a way that they are the last rays to disappear from the view. (35) Another useful function of dust has to do with rain. The water vapor in the air would not become a liquid very readily if it did not have particles serving as centers for each frop of water. Therefore, clouds, mist, fog and rain are largely formed with the number of moisture particles of dust.32. Would the world be so much better off if there were no dust?33. Which of the following descriptions is NOT true about dust and particles in the passage?34. What would happen if there were NO dust according to the speaker?35. What is another function of dust according to the speaker?。
大学英语四级预测试卷及答题解析
大学英语四级考试全真预测试卷Model TestPart I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Should Smoking Be Completely Banned. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 有人赞同完全禁止吸烟，理由是……2. 有人不赞同完全禁止吸烟，理由是……3. 我的看法。
Should Smoking Be Completely BannedPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked ［A］,［B］,［C］and ［D］. For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.SpaceOur Future in Space: It Has Already Begun!We are all space travelers. But we’ve stayed close to home until now. One day, we may leave our “mother ship”Earth to make our home among the stars.A giant, spherical “spaceship”, about 8,000 miles in diameter, is speeding through the solar system right now. It is cruising at an incredible 66,600 miles per hour.It’s not a giant, Star Wars mother ship. It’s spaceship Earth, the home of over four billion people. This water coated spaceship has been traveling through the universe for about five billion years. Only within the past 25 years, however, have some of its passengers broken free of Earth’s gravity.But 25 years from now, many people, including you, might live in an orbiting space station 200 miles above the Earth.Space CitiesScientists have already designed special space factories. These factories will take advantage of the absence of gravity (zero gravity) to produce everything from life-saving drugs to perfect ball bearings.Other scientists have designed space colonies, complete with farms, schools, and artificial day and night. Hundreds, or even thousands, of people will live, work, play—even go to school, far above the Earth.Our conquest of space, of course, has already begun. We have explored part of the Moon, sent robot spaceships onto the surface of Venus and Mars, and aimed space probes past the planets of Jupiter and Saturn.Last June, one robot ship, Pioneer 10, left our solar system forever. And astronauts from both the Soviet Union and the United States have lived in space stations.The conquest of space, without question, is one of the greatest adventures human beings have ever set out on. But it may be more than a great adventure. Some scientists think the conquest of space may be a necessity for survival of the human species.We are tearing up more and more of the Earth to get raw materials for industry. And we are polluting the air and water as we manufacture products that we need or want. Almost everything that seems to make our lives more comfortable, and from electricity to pesticides, uses up or alters a piece of our planet’s natural environment.Why Go into Space?Yet our solar system is full of resources. The moon is chockfull of valuable metals. So are the asteroids, the small, rocky, planet-like bodies orbiting the sun most of them between Mars and Jupiter. These metals, if we canget them, could be used to build factories and space stations. Also, in space, there is no atmosphere to filter out the sun’s energy. There is plenty of solar energy to be turned into electrici ty for manufacturing, for creating comfortable living conditions.Getting away from Earth has other advantages, too. Modern industry uses many kinds of metal alloys (mixtures of metal that are better for certain purposes than pure metals). Yet some metal alloys either can’t be made or are very expensive to make on Earth because of gravity. For instance, certain metals don’t mix well on Earth. But in zero gravity, molten (hot, liquid) metals mix more evenly. This is because there is no gravity to pull the heavier metals down, while the lighter ones float on top.From space, too, we can look down on the Earth and study the atmosphere, its weather, and the effects of air pollution.And because there is no strong gravity to break free from, our future homes away from Earth will be convenient starting points for travel to distant planets.But, while going into space might solve some problems, outer space can also be a dangerous place. For example, in outer space, we have to protect ourselves from the dangers of ultraviolet light and cosmic rays. Ultraviolet light from the sun can give us bad sunburns right here on Earth. Yet, Earth’s atmosphere screens out most of that harmful radiation. Cosmic rays are tiny high energy particles from outer space. Again, the Earth shields us from most of them.At Home in Space?But in space, without special protection, we would be exposed to much stronger radiation from ultraviolet light and cosmic rays. Also, in the zero gravity of outer space, our bones will lose calcium and become weaker. This will be more of a problem the longer people stay out in space. Doctors are looking for a way to keep our bones from losing calcium in outer space. And a small spaceship just might “drive you batty” after a while. But even on a short trip in outer space, you might not feel as well as you’d like to. Space travel could make you seasick!Yet, these risks won’t keep people from going into space. Eventually, an Earth-like environment will be built in space. And they will be populated by people with many different interests: medicine, construction, farming, teaching, mining, and so on.The next hundred years will be filled with other worldly adventures, exciting scientific discoveries, and danger, as humans leave Earth—perhaps forever.Aging in SpaceSuppose a space traveler is moving at a velocity of 186,200 miles per second. For every hour that passes for him, 30 hours pass on Earth. If he travels for a year in this fashion (having accelerated instantaneously) and then turns around and comes back at this speed (having turned around instantaneously), he will find that while he has seemed to himself to have traveled two years, the men on Earth would claim he had been absent for 30 years.Suppose the space traveler had left at the age of 30, leaving behind a twin brother also aged 30. When he returned he would be 32, but his stay-at-home twin brother would be 60. That is why the “clock paradox”, is sometimes called the “twin paradox”.Of course it takes quite a long while to accelerate to a high speed, and a long while to make a turn and head back again, so conditions aren’t quite as clear cut as just described.1.The giant, spherical spaceship mentioned in the passage is.［A］the outer space［B］a man-made spaceship［C］the planet Earth［D］the Star Wars mother-ship2.Some persons have traveled into outer space after conqueringwithin the past 25 years.［A］the universe［B］Earth’s gravity［C］the earth ［D］outer space3.We have explored or sent robot spaceships to the following space except.［A］the moon［B］Venus［C］Jupiter［D］Mars4.Why is the conquest of space more than a great adventure?［A］Because it is full of challenges for human beings.［B］Because it may be necessary for human beings to survive.［C］Because it is the greatest adventure in human history.［D］Because it is more exciting than any other adventures.5.The moon and the asteroids are alike with respect to their .［A］size and moving ways ［B］comfortable living conditions［C］rich and valuable metals［D］solar energy6.Why can’t ultraviolet light scorch our skin on Earth as seriously as it does in space places?［A］Because the Earth’s atmosphere can make ultraviolet light less harmful.［B］Because ultraviolet can’t reach the Earth at all.［C］Because the Earth is far away from those planets radiating ultraviolet light.［D］Because other space places is near from those planets radiating ultraviolet light.7.In spite of many risks, scientists will finally buildin space suitable for humans to live.［A］an environment without ultraviolet light［B］a lot of homes［C］an Earth-like environment［D］an environment with atmosphere8.The reason some metal alloys can’t be made on Earth is that the heavier metals ___________together with the lighter ones.9.In space, there is no atmosphere to filter out the sun’s energy. There is plenty of solar energy to be turned into_____________ , for creating comfortable living conditions.10.According to the author,__________________ will be caused to a man in gravity-free space.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)SectionADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.［A］Tennis equipment.［B］V olleyball equipment.［C］Football equipment.［D］Basketball equipment.12.［A］He must meet his teacher.［B］He must attend a class.［C］He must go out with his girlfriend.［D］He must stay at school to finish his homework.13.［A］It’s not as good as it was.［B］It’s better than it used to be.［C］It’s better than people say.［D］It’s even worse than people say.14.［A］Because he doesn’t like football.［B］Because Maria fell ill.［C］Because he didn’t have the time.［D］Because Maria can’t stand football.15.［A］A temporary job.［B］A permanent job.［C］Some money for the vacation.［D］Some money for the university fees.16.［A］The woman did most of the talking.［B］The man did most of the talking.［C］The woman was wearing a black sweater.［D］The man and the woman had dark hair.17.［A］A sunny day. ［B］A raincoat.［C］An attractive hut. ［D］A lovely hat.18.［A］Librarian and student. ［B］Operator and caller.［C］Boss and secretary.［D］Customer and repairman.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.［A］The benefits of strong business competition.［B］A proposal to lower the cost of production.［C］Complaints about the expense of modernization.［D］Suggestions concerning new business strategies.20.［A］It costs much more than its worth.［B］It should be brought up-to-date.［C］It calls for immediate repairs.［D］It can still be used for a long time.21.［A］The personnel manager should be fired for inefficiency.［B］A few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory.［C］The entire staff should be retrained.［D］Better educated employees should be promoted.22.［A］Their competitors have long been advertising on TV.［B］TV commercials are less expensive.［C］Advertising in newspapers alone is not sufficient.［D］TV commercials attract more investments.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.［A］Searching for reference material.［B］Watching a film of the 1930s’.［C］Writing a course book.［D］Looking for a job in a movie studio.24.［A］It’s too broad to cope with. ［B］It’s a bit outdated.［C］It’s controversial.［D］It’s of little practical value.25.［A］At the end of the online catalogue.［B］At the Reference Desk.［C］In the New York Times.［D］In the Reader’s Guide to Periodical Literature.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and［D］.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.［A］The liberation movement of British women.［B］Rapid economic development in Britain.［C］Changing attitudes to family life.［D］Reasons for changes in family life in Britain.27.［A］Because millions of men died in the war.［B］Because women had proved their worth.［C］Because women were more skillful than men.［D］Because factories preferred to employ women.28.［A］The concept of “the family”as a social unit.［B］The attitudes to birth control.［C］The attitudes to religion.［D］The ideas of authority and tradition.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.［A］Synthetic fuel. ［B］Solar energy.［C］Alcohol.［D］Electricity.30.［A］Air traffic conditions. ［B］Traffic jams on highways.［C］Road conditions.［D］New traffic rules.31.［A］Go through a health check. ［B］Take little luggage with them.［C］Arrive early for boarding. ［D］Undergo security checks.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.［A］Washing plates. ［B］Clearing tables.［C］Shining shoes. ［D］Sweeping the floor.33.［A］He must work six days a week.［B］He should never be late for work.［C］He must study hard in his spare time.［D］He should not bring his friends to the restaurant.34.［A］To pay him for his work.［B］To let him have 3 meals a day in the restaurant.［C］To give his friends free drinks.［D］To allow him to have more free time.35.［A］Because the boy was not a full time worker.［B］Because the boy had made some mistakes.［C］Because he thought the boy had failed to meet his requirements.［D］Because he thought it was his son who should pay him.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in you own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Americans are proud of the (36)_________achievements made in this country. Medical scientists have found cures and (37)___________for such diseases as polio and tuberculosis. They have learned a great deal about(38)____________and heart disease. Many lives have been saved. American hospitals are the most modern and best (39)___________medical facilities in the world. But this degree of excellence has been expensive.Medical costs in the United States are very high. There is a (40)___________health plan for Americans. But there are many programs (41)_________for this purpose. Many people have health plans at the companies where they work. Under these plans, the company pays a fixed (42)___________of money regularly into a fund. Then when the (43)_________________needs medical help, he can use money from the fund to pay for it.Other people have health insurance. (44)______________________________. In some medical plans, the insurance company is also the medical institution. (45)__________________________________.Then when they need medical treatment, they go to the hospital without paying more money.(46)____________________________________. These programs make medical care available to those without their own health insurance.Part ⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.There’s no question that the Earth is getting hotter. The real questions are: How much of the warming is our fault, and are we 47 to slow the devastation by controlling our insatiable 48 for fossil fuels?Global warming can seem too 49 to worry about, or too uncertain-something projected by the same computer 50 that often can’t get next week’s weather right. On a raw winter day you might think that a few degrees of warming wouldn’t be such a bad thing anyway. And no doubt about it: Warnings about 51 change can sound like an environmentalist scare tactic, meant to force us out of our cars and restrict our lifestyles.Comforting thoughts, perhaps. Unfortunately, however, the Earth has some discomforting news. From Alaska to the snowy peaks of the Andes the world is heating up right now, and fast. Globally, the 52 is up 1°F over the past century, but some of the coldest, most remote spots have warmed much more. The results aren’t p retty. Ice is 53 , rivers are running dry, and coasts are 54 , threatening communities.The 55 are happening largely out of sight. But they shouldn’t be out of mind, because they are omens of what’s in store for the 56 of the planet.［A］remote［B］techniques［C］consisting［D］rest［E］willing［F］climate［G］skill［H］appetite［I］melting［J］vanishing［K］eroding［L］temperature［M］curiosity［N］changes［O］skillfulSectionBDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.There are many ways of defining success. It is accurate to say that each of us has our own concept of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining whether we have met these goals satisfactorily. Because each of us possesses unique differences in genetic ability and favorable environments in which to express these abilities, it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly.For some people, simply being able to live their life with a minimum of misery and suffering is considered a success. Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep, enjoys his frugal life with hisfamily in the beauty of nature, and who is respected because he does a good job of achieving the goals expected of and accepted by him and his society. On the other hand, it seems that even though some people appear to be rich in material possessions, many of them seem to be miserable and consider themselves unsuccessful when judged by their own goals of success. Because not all ventures can be successful, one should not set unrealistic goals for achieving success, but if one has self confidence it would be unfortunate to set one’s goals at too low a level of achievement.A wise counselor once said to a young man who was experiencing frustration with his own professional success: “You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon in order to have success in traveling. Sometimes one can be very successful merely by taking a walk in the park, or riding the subway downtown,” The counselor added, “You have not really failed and spoiled your chances for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like, and to which you have given your best effort.”57.In the first paragraph, the author implies that____________are essential in achieving success.［A］ability and goals ［B］goals and determination［C］ability and environment ［D］goals and environment58.The word “frugal”(Line 2, Para. 2) means_________.［A］wealthy ［B］wasteful［C］thrifty ［D］miserable59.Some rich people consider themselves unsuccessful because___________.［A］their life is miserable ［B］they do not live in peace［C］their goals are too low ［D］they are not rich enough by their own standards60.The last paragraph implies that___________.［A］we should have high goals［B］success means achieving great goals［C］success means taking a walk in the park［D］success means trying one’s best at what one really likes61.This passage mainly talks about___________.［A］the definition of success ［B］how to achieve success［C］how to set goals ［D］the importance of goalsPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Teaching children to read well from the start is the most important task of elementary schools. But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great mistake. Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have been proven ineffective. The staying power of the “look-say”or “whole-word”method of teaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively.The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning of letters, thinking over decoding, developing a sight vocabulary of familiar words over developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words. It fits in with the self-directed, “learning how to learn”activities recommended by advocates (倡导者)of “open”classrooms and with the concept that children have to be developmentally ready to begin reading. Before 1963, no major publisher put out anything but these “Run-Spot-Run”readers.However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate”in beginning reading. In his best-seller Why Johnny Can’t Read, Flesch indicted(控诉)the nation’s public schools for miseducating students by using the look-say method. He said—and more scholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed—that another approach to beginning reading, founded on phonics(语音学), is far superior.Systematic phonics first teaches children to associate letters and letter combinations with sounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds together to make words. Rather than building up a relatively limitedvocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned. Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step. 62.The author feels that counting on educators to teach reading correctly is_____________ .［A］only logical and natural［B］the expected position［C］probably a mistake ［D］merely effective instruction63.The author indicts the look-say reading approach because___________ .［A］it overlooks decoding［B］Rudolf Flesch agrees with him［C］he says it is boring ［D］many schools continue to use this method64.One major difference between the look say method of learning reading and the phonics method is____________ .［A］look say is simpler［B］phonics takes longer to learn［C］look say is easier to teach ［D］phonics gives readers access to far more words65.The phrase “touch off” (Line 1, Para.3) most probably means________ .［A］talk about shortly ［B］start or cause［C］compare with ［D］oppose66.According to the author, which of the following statements is true?［A］Phonics approach regards whole word method as unimportant.［B］The whole-word approach emphasizes decoding.［C］In phonics approach, it is necessary and logical to employ decoding.［D］Phonics is superior because it stresses the meaning of words thus the vast majority of most common words can be learned.Part ⅤCloze (15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Methods of studying vary; what works 67 for some students doesn’t work at all for others. The only thing you can do is experiment 68 you find a system that does work for you. But two things are sure: 69 else can do your studying for you, and unless you do f ind a system that works, you won’t get through college. Meantime, there are a few rules that 70 for everybody. The hint is “don’t get71 ”.The problem of studying,72 enough to start with, becomes almost 73 when you are trying to do three 74 in one weekend. 75 the fastest readers have trouble 76 that. And if you are behind in written work that must be 77 , the teacher who accepts it 78 late will probably not give you good credit. Perhaps he may not accept it 79 . Getting behind in one class because you are spending so much time on another is really no 80 . Feeling pretty virtuous about the seven hours you spend on chemistry won’t81 one bit if the history teacher pops a quiz. And many freshmen do get into trouble by spending too much time on one class at the 82 of the others, either because they like one class much better or because they find it so much harder that they think, they should 83 all their time to it. 84 the reason, going the whole work for one class and neglecting the rest of them is a mistake, if you face this 85 , begin with the shortest and easiest 86 . Get them out of the way and then go to the more difficult, time consuming work.67.［A］good［B］easily［C］sufficiently［D］well68.［A］until［B］after［C］while［D］so69.［A］somebody［B］nobody［C］everybody［D］anybody70.［A］follow［B］go［C］operate［D］work71.［A］behind［B］after［C］slow［D］later72.［A］hardly［B］unpleasant［C］hard［D］heavy73.［A］improbable［B］necessary［C］impossible［D］inevitable74.［A］week’s work［B］weeks’works［C］weeks’work［D］week’s works75.［A］Even［B］Almost［C］If［D］With76.［A］to do［B］doing［C］at doing［D］with doing77.［A］turned in［B］tuned up ［C］turned out［D］given in78.［A］very［B］quite［C］such［D］too79.［A］anyway［B］either［C］at all［D］that80.［A］solution［B］method［C］answer［D］excuse81.［A］help［B］encourage［C］assist［D］improve82.［A］expense［B］pay［C］debt［D］charge83.［A］devote［B］put［C］spend［D］take84.［A］Whichever［B］Whatever［C］However［D］Wherever85.［A］attraction［B］decision［C］temptation［D］dilemma86.［A］arrangements［B］way［C］assignments［D］classPart ⅥTranslation (5 minutes)Direction: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87.Not only___________________ (他向我收费太高)，but he didn’t do a good repair job either.88.The murderer_________________ (混在人群当中)with an attempt to shoot at the Prime Minister whenever he seized a chance.89.The emergence of e-commerce and the fast-growing Internet economy are_____________ (为中国的国内外贸易提供了新的增长机遇).90.That Canadian speaks Chinese_________________________________________ (和他说英语一样流利).91.Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was __________________(忙着准备) her examination.Key to Model Test TwoPart I Writing【写作思路】本文要求写一篇针对吸烟问题的议论文。
全国英语等级考试四级模拟预测试卷及答案解析
全国英语等级考试四级模拟预测试卷及答案解析全国英语等级考试四级模拟预测试卷及答案解析1. What kind of food is most likely to cause dental decay?[ A ] Coca Cola.[ B ] Sausage.[ C ] Milk.[ D ] Fried chicken.2. How many decayed teeth does Dr. Faustick have?[ A ] 13.[ B ] None.[ C ] 1[ D ] A few.3. What does Dr. Faustick suggest to prevent dental decay?[ A ] Brash your teeth in the morning.[ B ] Brash your teeth in the evening.[ C ] Clean your teeth shortly after eating.[ D ] Have your teeth X-rayed.4. Marco Polo came to China[ A ] alone.[ B ] with two friends.[ C ] with his brothers.[ D ] with his father and uncle.5. He stayed in China for almost[ A ] 20 years.[ B ] 12 years.[ C ] 7 years.[ D ] 3 years.6. How many unbelievable descriptions in Marco Polo’s book are mentioned in the passage?[ B ] 3.[ C ] 2.[ D ] 1.7. What is Einstein’ s greatest contribution to human beings? [ A ] His teaching.[ B ] His theory of relativity.[ C ] His theory on advanced mathematics.[ D ] His research.8. When did Einstein’ s family move to Munich?[ A ] When he was 2 years old.[ B ] When he was 14 years old.[ C ] When he finished his study.[ D ] When he became a teacher.9. When did Einstein begin teaching?[ A ] In 1901.[ B ] In 1902.[ C ] In 1910.[ D ] In 1879.10. How did Einstein explain Relativity to young students? [ A ] Patiently.[ B ] Intelligently.[ C ] Indifferently.[ D ] Vividly.11.[ A ] relaxed[ B ] frustrated[ C ] amused[ D ] exhausted12.[ B ] otherwise [ C ] even[ D ] so13.[ A ] experience [ B ] witness[ C ] watch[ D ] undergo 14.[ A ] Deliberately [ B ] Consequently [ C ] Frequently [ D ] Apparently 15.[ A ] unless[ B ] once[ C ] while[ D ] as16.[ A ] suspicion [ B ] opposition [ C ] criticism [ D ] praise17.[ A ] emotion [ B ] fancy[ C ] likelihood [ D ] judgement 18.[ A ] at length[ B ] to a great extent [ C ] from his heart [ D] by all means 19.[ A ] follows[ B ] predicts[ C ] defies[ D ] supports20.[ A ] dedication[ B ] compassion [ C ] contemplation [ D ] speculation 21.[ A ] Still[ B ] Also[ C ] Certainly[ D ] Fundamentally 22.[ A ] faith[ B ] reliance[ C ] honor[ D ] credit23.[ A ] if[ B ] once[ C ] when[ D ] whereas24.[ A ] propositions [ B ] predictions [ C ] approval[ D ] defiance25.[ A ] about[ B ] on[ C ] in[ D ] to26.[ A ] started[ B ] conducted [ C ] replaced[ D ] proposed 27.[ A ] Since[ B ] Although[ C ] However[ D ] Only if28.[ A ] Even if[ B ] Because[ C ] If[ D ] For29.[ A ] at a loss[ B ] at last[ C ] in group[ D ] on the occasion 30.[ A ] stimulate[ B ] constitute[ C ] furnish[ D ] provoke31. A method of parent-teacher communication NOT mentioned or referred to by the author is_______.[ A ] home training[ B ] demonstration lesson[ C ] parent-teacher interviews[ D ] new progress report forms32. It can be reasonably inferred that the author_______.[ A ] thinks that teachers of this generation are inferior to those of the last generation[ B ] is satisfied with present relationships between home and school[ C ]feels that the traditional program in mathematics is slightly superior to the development program[ D ] feels that parent-teacher interviews can be made much more constructive than they are at present33. The author’s primary purpose in writing this passage is to_______.[ A ] improve the teaching of mathematics[ B ] tell parents to pay more attention to the guidance of teachers in the matter[ C ] help ensure that every child’ s capacities are fully developed when leaving school[ D ] urge the use of a much underused resource-the parent34. The phrase "an important role in enlightening parents" in the third paragraph most probably means an important role in_______.[ A ] causing parents to understand[ B ] persuading parents[ C ] understanding parents[ D ] discussing with parents35. The attitude of the author towards the role of parents is_______.[ A ] positive[ B ] negative[ C ] doubtful[ D ] unclear36. Scintilla was the first company to_______.[ A ] sell red and yellow roses[ B ] measure customer response to color[ C ] give lecturers on marketing[ D ] develop a method to predict business turnover37. Who initiated Scintilla?[ A ] Mr. Chrom.[ B ] Mr. Scintilla.[ C ] Mr. Amir.[D] Mr. Crowe.38. According to Chromtest, color can strongly influence the_______.[ A ] price of products[ B ] sales of products[ C ] quality of products[ D ] image of companies39. Crowe set up Scintilla with_______.[ A ] $10,000 gift from his wife[ B ] $ 5,000 loan[ C ] $10,000 share capital[ D ] $ 5,000 retained earnings40. “Parisians will not eat off brown plates” means they dislike to eat_______.[ A ] brown plates[ B ] beside brown plates[ C ] food served on brown plates[ D ] without brown plates41. What is the main idea-of the passage?[ A ] The credit manager’s responsibility.[ B ] The supervisor’s responsibility.[ C ] The working procedures of a credit department.[ D ] The command and control in the credit department.42. Which of the following is NOT true?[ A ] The credit policy can be a part of a commercial bank’s policy.[ B ] The credit policy rests only with the credit manager.[ C 1 The supervisors are the helping hands of the credit manager.[ D ] A credit manager of the credit department is not necessarily a bank’s leading person.43. By “a customer order”, the customer is most probably trying to get_______.[ A ] some goods from the factor[ B ] some money from the factor[ C ] some goods fr om the factor’s client[ D ] some money from the factor’s client44. “Credit exposures” probably means_______.[ A ] uncovered risks[ B ] approved limits[ C ] expected sums[ D ] protected sources45. The word "anticipating" (Para. 4, Sent. 5)can be safely replaced by_______.[ A ] bringing[ B ] preventing[ C ] protecting[ D ] expecting46. According to Paragraph 2, what is the general attitude towards business on campuses dominated by purer disciplines?[ A ] Scornful.[ B ] Appreciative.[ C ] Envious.[ D ] Realistic.47. It seems that the controversy over the value of MBA degrees had been fueled mainly by_______.[ A ] the complaints from various employers[ B ] the success of many non-MBAs[ C ] the criticism from the scientists of purer disciplines[ D ] the poor performance of MBAs at work48. What is the major weakness of MBA holders according to the Harvard Business Review?[ A ] They are usually self-centered.[ B ] They are aggressive and greedy.[ C ] They keep complaining about their jobs.[ D ] They are not good at dealing with people.49. From the passage we know that most MBAs_______.[ A ] can climb the corporate ladder fairly quickly[ B ] quit their jobs once they are familiar with their workmates[ C ] receive salaries that do not match their professionaltraining[ D ] cherish unrealistic expectations about their future50. What is the passage mainly about?[ A ] The reason for an enrollment in MBA programs.[ B ] The necessity of reforming MBA programs in business schools.[ C ] Doubts about the worth of holding an MBA degree.[ D ] A debate held recently on university campuses.1.1564.2.hometown.3.1592.4.retired.5.1616. 6.Three weeks.7.About 23 hours.8.12 to 14.9.July 3. 10.$5.11.A l2.B 13.C 14.D 15.A16.C 17.B 18.A 19.A 20.D1～20题解析略。
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大学英语四级全真预测试题四及答案解析
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12月大学英语四级
全真预测试题四及答案解析
12月大学英语四级全真预测试题四及答案解析
一、选词填空题
第1题：
It seems you always forget—your reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are shopping...
Such absent-mindedness may be 1 to you; now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the2 sees.
The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 3 the user to "label" items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain 4 by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a 5 label on a
screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in.
It could be used in 6 plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 7 device.
A spokesman for the project said: "A car mechanic for8 could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could 9 accident black spots or dangers on the road."
In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour, 10 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified.
[A] allow
[B] instance
[C] blank
[D] industrial
[E] frustrating
[F] items
[G] indicating
[H] highlight [I] user
[J] complicated
[K] white
[L] annoying
[M] successful
[N] articles
[O] simple
【参考答案】：
略
二、阅读理解
第2题：
What makes Americans spend nearly half their food dollars on meals away from home? The answers lie in the way Americans live today. During the first few decades of the twentieth century, canned and other convenience foods freed the family cook from full-time duty at the kitchen range.。