做形式主语讲解
高中英语选修六unit3单词和语法知识讲解
高中英语选修六unit3单词和语法知识讲解
重点词汇内容回顾复习
tough
1)The wire 金属丝is tougher than that. (坚韧的,不易磨损的) 2)You need to be tough enough to survive 生存in the jungle. (坚忍不拔的,吃苦耐劳的) 3) a tough criminal罪犯(粗暴的,凶暴的) 4)tough measures to deal with terrorism恐怖主义(强硬的,严 厉的) 5)a tough assignment 任务/ problem / choice(棘手的,困难的) 6)a tough steak牛排(硬的,老的)
强调谓语以外的成分可使用: It is/was ……that…… It was when I was doing my homework that I saw him sleeping. It was I that/who saw him sleeping in class.
高中英语选修六unit3单词和语法知识讲解
词性转换(n.): addict n. 吸毒成瘾的人 addiction n. 沉湎、成瘾 addictive adj. 使人上瘾的
用法: addict oneself to sth. 沉溺于某物 be addicted to sth. 专心做某事;上了…..的瘾 be addicted to doing sth.
高中英语选修六unit3单词和语法知识讲解
重点词汇内容回顾复习
addicted adj. “对某某上瘾”, “沉湎于某某”
主语从句语法讲解
一.主语从句1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较It 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化。
而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。
被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。
例如:a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。
b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. 我对你成功与否不感兴趣。
c) It is in the morning that the murder took place. 谋杀案是在早上发生的。
(强调句型)d) It is John that broke the window. 是John打碎的窗户。
(强调句型)2. 用it 作形式主语的结构(1) It is +名词+从句It is a fact that …事实是…It is an honor that …非常荣幸It is common knowledge that …是常识(2) It is +形容词+从句It is natural that…很自然…It is strange that…奇怪的是…(3) It is +不及物动词+从句It seems that…似乎…It happened that…碰巧…It appears that…似乎…(4) It +过去分词+从句It is reported that…据报道…It has been proved that…已证实…It is said that…据说…3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况:(1)if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
(2)It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。
(3)It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。
主语从句超全讲解加练习
主语从句的规律 :
例4. That whether he will help others is a fact.
正:That he will help others is a fact.
规律四、主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用.
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主语从句的规律 : 例5. When he will come are a puzzle. 正:When he will come is a puzzle.
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3连接副词when,where, how, why等.
Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. When they will leave is not decided. Where she is from is unknown. How we will paint the house has not been decided.
规律五、含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用 单数第三人称形式.
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主语从句的规律 :
1. What he needs is that book.
2. What he needs are some books.
规律六、what 引导的主语从句,可根据 表语决定主句动词的单复数形式.
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注意: 由that 引导的主语从句有时为了使句
子结构平衡, 避免 头重脚轻, 常用 it 作形式主语,
而把从句放在后面. 例如:
1. That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible. __I_t _is__im__p_o_s_s_i_b_le__th_a_t_h__e_w_i_ll_r_e_f_u_s_e_t_h_i_s_p_i_e_c_e __o_f_a_d_v_i_c_e_._____________________________
It作形式主语讲解.doc
It's time for me to have a rest!ຫໍສະໝຸດ 无垠文海 邀你畅享
更改PPT母版功能键:
2. It + be + V-ed(过去分词) + that从句
• 这类过去分词有:said, believed, expected, hoped, decided, reported等,如: • • • • • • • It is said that… 据说„ It is reported that… 据报道… It is supposed that… 据推测„ It is hoped that… 希望„ It is well known that… 众所周知„ It is generally considered that…普遍认为„ It is suggested that… 有人建议„
1、It + be + adj +(for sb. / of sb./名词词 组) + to do sth.
• a:It +be +adj +for sb to do sth
• 该句型中的adj通常是表示事物的特点或特 征的,如 difficult,hard,easy,impossible ,necessary,important等时,用for;意为做 某事时是... • eg: It is necessary for college students to master at least a foreign language.
1、It +be+形容词 + (for sb.)不定式短语 • ①、it代替不定式短语
• 例1:It is wrong to tell a lie. • It为to tell a lie的形式主语 • 例2:It is difficult to climb a mountain. • It为to climb a mountain的形式主语 • 例3:It is a good habit to do morning exercises. • It为to do morning exercises 的形式主语
it作形式主语和形式宾语说课讲解
It is a great pity for him to leave here so soon. 3. 劝他不要那样做没有什么用.
It is no use trying to persuade him not to do t1hat. 4. 熬夜没有什么好处. It is no good sitting up too late.
It doesn’t matter to him whether you will put off the meeting.
7. It is said/reported/ believed that…
用以上7个句型造句. 1.小男孩提出这样一个愚蠢的问题是很自然的.
It is natural for a boy to ask such a silly question.
走了, 真令人失望.
It is disappointing that he should have left when we went to invite him to our dinner party.
8. 他竟然那样举止不当, 似乎很奇怪. It seemed strange that he should have behaved like that. 9. 那天晚上他恰巧在那里.
I find it quite necessary to make some changes.
He thought it best to be on his guard.
I found it very easy to learn the rules.
She wants to make it clear whether you still love her or not.
动词不定式用法讲解
动词不定式用法讲解------------------------------------------------------------精品文档-------------------------------------------------------- 动词不定式用法小结动词不定式用法小结动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to不是介词,而是动词不定式的符号,称为小品词,动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。
动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语,在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。
一. 作主语例如:To be a doctor is hard.做医生很难。
To learn English well is not easy.学好英语不容易。
动词不定式(短语)作主语时,为了避免句子的头重脚轻,可以用“it”作形式主语,而把真正的主语--动词不定式(短语)放在句子的后部。
例如上面的句子可以表示为:It is hard to be a doctor.It is not easy to learn English well. 再如:It's important to plant trees in spring.如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的,可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for 引导的短语,称为不定式的复合结构。
例:It's good for us to read English aloud in the morning.对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。
It is important for students to use English every day.对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。
二. 作表语:动词不定式(短语)作表语常用于系词be的后面。
例:His work is to drive a car.他的工作是开车。
My job is to feed animals.我的工作是饲养动物。
英语 动名词 专题讲解
动名词1.作主语如果动名词较长,可用作形式主语,而将真正的主语动名词置于句末。
如:Seeing is believing. (眼见为实。
)It is no use arguing with him. (和他争吵没有用。
)It made her very happy staying with her best friends. (和她最好的朋友们待在一起使她感到非常快乐。
)注意:动名词和不定式都可以作主语,动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次行为,不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。
如:Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火很危险。
(泛指玩火)To play with fire will be dangerous. 玩火很危险。
(指一次具体动作)但在it is no use/good, not any use/good, useless 等后常用动名词而极少用不定式。
如:It is no good smoking. (吸烟没有好处。
)2.作宾语(1)admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, face, feel, like, finish, forgive, imagine, include, keep, mention, mind, miss, practise, resist, risk, suggest 等动词后用动名词作宾语,不用不定式。
如:Did he admit breaking the vase?(他承认花瓶是他打破的吗?)I suggest solving this problem in a different way. (我建议用不同的文法来解决这个问题。
)You must avoid taking sweet foods, e.g. cake, chocolate, and ice-cream.(你必须避免吃甜食,诸如蛋糕、巧克力和冰淇淋。
动词ing做主语和宾语(带句子成分讲解版)
英语句子有长在短,有简有繁,从现象看, 似乎千变万化,难以捉摸,但从实质看,可 以发现其内在联系,找出其共同规律。英语 句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及 其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基 本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本 句型列式如下 :
S V (主+谓) S V P (主+谓+表) S V O (主+谓+宾) S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾) S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补)
4. 我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师,在听一个重要报告。
We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the People's Daily on current affairs in East Europe.
bus.
但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短,这 些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外,通常是在这些 成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语(modifier)而 加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词(主要是形容词、 副词和数词),也可以是
各种类型的短语(主要是介词短语、不定式短语和 分词短语)。
1. 下面以基本句型五为例:
5
Who │cares?
6
What he said │ does not matter.
7
They │ talked for half an hour.
8
The pen │writes smoothly
基本句型 二
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓 语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须 加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成 复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。
初二it做形式主语讲解
“It”形式主语Examples:1.It’s necessary for the young to master two foreign language2.It is no use arguing about the matter with him.3.It's a pity that you fail the exam.It 用作形式主语当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作主语时,为保持句子结构前后平衡,避免头重脚轻,因此常用it作形式主语置于句首,而将真正的主语放在句尾。
此时it只起先行引导作用,本身无词义。
一、代替动词不定式做主语拒绝是令人遗憾的。
It’s a pity to refuse。
记住这点是很重要的。
It's very important to remember this point.1.It + be + 形容词+ for sb + to do sth这类句型常用形容词(通常为描述事件的形容词)easy,difficult, hard, important, possible,wise,necessary, impossible, likely, obvious, useful, 等作表语,有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者,常在不定式前加for sb,译为“对某人来说做某事怎么样”It’s necessary for the young to master two foreign languages.It is unwise to give the children whatever they want.2.It + be + 形容词+ of sb。
+ to do sth这类形容词常是表示心理品质,性格特征的形容词,如:kind, nice stupid, clever,foolish,polite, impolite, silly,selfish, considerate等。
高考英语临考冲刺 语法讲解 it用作形式主语代替动名词主要用于哪些句式
2014届高考英语临考冲刺语法讲解:it用作形式主语代替动名词主要用于哪些句式it用作形式主语代替动名词的用法主要见于以下句式:1. It is no use (no good, fun, great fun, a new experience, a great honour, etc) doing sth。
如:It is no good talking. 空谈是没有用的。
It’s fun working for him. 为他工作很有意思。
It’s great fun sailing a bo at. 扬帆驾舟十分有趣。
It’s no use shouting at him—he’s deaf. 向他叫喊是没有用的——他耳聋。
It has been a great honour your coming to visit us. 你来看望我们是极大荣幸。
2. It is good (nice, useless, interesting, pleasant, tiring, etc) doing sth。
如:It is useless speaking. 光说没有用。
It was pleasant sitting there. 坐在那里很愉快。
It’s so nice sitting here with you. 和你坐在一起真是愉快。
It’s good hearing English spoken. 听到人讲英语,我很高兴。
It’s terribly tiring working late like this. 这样干到深夜是非常累人的。
3. it is worth while doing sth。
如:It’s worth while doing the work. 这项工作值得做。
Do you think it’s worth while quarrelling with me? 你认为和我吵值得吗?4. 其他句式。
(完整版)代词的非谓语动词形式讲解
(完整版)代词的非谓语动词形式讲解非谓语动词是英语中一种特殊的动词形式,不能作为句子的谓语,但可以用来构成复合句或在句子中充当其他句子成分。
本文将重点讲解代词在非谓语动词形式中的使用。
一、动名词形式动名词形式是将动词加上-ing作为动名词,它可以在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语等。
1. 作主语:- 代词作动名词的主语时,常用it作形式主语放在句首,而将真正的主语(代词)放在动名词后。
例如:It is important to keep trying.(坚持尝试是重要的)- 代词本身也可以作为动名词的主语。
2. 作宾语:- 代词可以作为动名词的宾语,接在动名词后。
例如:I enjoy swimming.(我喜欢游泳)3. 作表语:- 代词可以作为动名词的表语,放在动名词后。
例如:His hobby is gardening.(他的爱好是园艺)4. 作宾语补足语:- 代词可以作为动名词的宾语补足语,放在动名词后。
例如:I find it interesting watching movies.(我发现看电影很有趣)二、不定式形式不定式形式是动词的基本形式,前面加上to。
在句子中,代词可以在不定式短语中充当主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语等。
1. 作主语:- 代词可以作为不定式的主语,放在不定式前面。
例如:It is important for us to exercise regularly.(我们定期锻炼很重要)2. 作宾语:- 代词可以作为不定式的宾语,接在不定式后面。
例如:I want you to help me.(我想让你帮助我)3. 作表语:- 代词可以作为不定式的表语,放在不定式后面。
4. 作宾语补足语:- 代词可以作为不定式的宾语补足语,放在不定式后面。
例如:I found it difficult to understand the instructions.(我发现理解这些说明很困难)总结:代词在非谓语动词形式中的使用相对灵活。
动词不定式的用法讲解
动词不定式的用法讲解动词不定式是英语语法中的一个重要部分,它具有丰富的用法和多样的功能。
理解和掌握动词不定式对于学好英语、正确表达意思至关重要。
接下来,让我们详细探讨一下动词不定式的用法。
一、作主语动词不定式作主语时,通常表示具体的、一次性的或未发生的动作。
为了保持句子平衡,常用 it 作形式主语,而将真正的主语(动词不定式)后置。
例如:“To learn English well is not easy”(学好英语不容易。
)但这个句子头重脚轻,所以通常会改为:“It is not easy to learn English well”二、作宾语有些动词后只能接动词不定式作宾语,常见的这类动词有:want(想要),hope(希望),wish(希望),decide(决定),plan(计划),expect(期望)等。
比如:“I want to go shopping this weekend”(这个周末我想去购物。
)“She decided to study harder”(她决定更努力学习。
)三、作宾语补足语某些动词后需要用动词不定式作宾语补足语,常见的有:ask(要求),tell(告诉),want(想要),allow(允许),encourage(鼓励)等。
例如:“My mother asks me to clean my room every day”(我妈妈每天要求我打扫房间。
)“The teacher encourages us to speak English more”(老师鼓励我们多说英语。
)四、作定语动词不定式作定语时,通常放在被修饰词之后,与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
例如:“I have a lot of work to do”(我有很多工作要做。
)“There is no time to waste”(没有时间可以浪费。
)五、作状语1、目的状语动词不定式可以作目的状语,表示某一动作或行为的目的。
“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解
“It"用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解“It" 用法及其句型和固定搭配,是高中英语语法的重点、难点,又是近几年高考的热点,因此应给予充分的重视,现将it用法归纳如下:一、It用作实词表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物,前文中的this,that;替代前文中的内容;指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人;指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事;指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象……二、It用作形式主语替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
It 作形式主语的常见句型:1。
代作主语的动词不定式,其句型为(1)It be adj。
(for sb.)to do sth。
此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词:easy,difficult,hard,necessary,unnecessary,possible,impossible,likely,unlikely,right,wrong,important,unimportant,legal,illegal,well—mannered,ill—mannered,polite,impolite,clear,obvious,certain,suitable,proper,fit,useful,useless,dangerous…例It is illegal(for a teenager)to drive a car without a license。
(2)It be adj. of sb. to do sth.此处adj。
通常为描述人的形容词:kind,unkind,nice,rude,cruel,considerate,thoughtful,thoughtless,careful,careless,silly,foolish,stupid,clever,wise,crazy。
例It’s kind of you to help me with the problem。
高中英语it引导的形式主语句型讲解_
高中英语it引导的形式主语句型讲解_1. It (so) happened(chanced) that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced to do sth. =sb.did sth. by chance.It happened that he was out when I got there. 当我到那儿时,碰巧他不在。
=He happened to be out when I got there.= It chanced that he was out when I got there= He was out by chance when I got there.2. It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done/ had done= Sb. seems to do/ be doing/ have done/to bedone/to have been done(还有动词appear等可这样使用)如:It seemed that he had been to Beijing before.他好象以前去过北京。
=He seemed to have been to Beijing before.3. It is / was+被强调的部分+that(who)+剩余的部分It wasn t until he came back that I went to bed.直到他回来我才睡觉。
(一定要注意被强调句型中的谓语动词否定的转移)。
It was because he was ill that he didn tcome to school today.只因为他有病了今天没有来上学。
(只能用because而不能用for, as 或since)It is I who am a student. 我确实是个学生。
(句中am不能用are来代替。
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❤ It’s necessary for the young to master two foreign language.
动词不定式
形式主语 ❤ It’s a waste of time talking to her any
more. 动名词
❤ It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match. 从 句
It hasn’t been decided when and where to hold the party.
Thank you .
二、代替动名词作形式主语
It is no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收
It is no use casting pearls before swine . 不要明珠暗投,对牛弹琴
构成如下结构: It is +no use/no good/not any good/not any use…+ doing sth.
• It’s very kind of you to help me with my English.
③It + be +名词词组+动词不定式
eg. It is not a good habit to stay up too late.
常见句型: It takes/took sb. some time/money to do sth.
It 作为形式主语的用法
当 不定式、动名词、从句 等用作
句子主语时,为保持句子平衡,通 常把真正的主语放在句末,而在句 首使用形式主语it.
一、代替动词不定式做形式主语
拒绝是令人遗憾的. It’s a pity to refuse.
记住这一点是很重要的. It’s very improtant to remember this
②It + 不及物动词 + that(as if)-从句 这类不及物动词有:look,seem,appear, happen,occur eg.It seems that he does not tell the truth.
③It + be +adj.+that-从句
• It is time +that sb. +v-ed/ should do • Eg. It’s time that you went to bed • It’s time that you should go to bed. • It’s necessary/ impossible/ important/
1.He was rude to say so. It was rude of him to say so.
2.Trying again is of use. It is of use trying again.
3.When and where to hold the party hasn’t been decided.
三、代替从句做形式主语
①It + b名词有:a fact, a pity, a shame, an honour,a question,a surprise,common knowledge…
eg.It’s common knowledge that people cann’t live without water .
It is supposed that… 据推测…
It is hoped that…
希望…
It is well known that… 众所周知…
It is generally considered that…普遍认 为…
It is suggested that… 有人建议…
练习:把下列格局转换为it做形式主语的句子
natural that sb. (should) do • Eg. It’s important that we (should) keep
the balance of nature.
④It + be +-ed(过去分词)+ that-从句
It is said that…
据说…
It is reported that… 据报道…
①It +be +adj.+(for sb.)to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词:easy, difficult,hard,necessary,impossible, important,natural, likely,obvious,useful, useless,dangerous…做某事是…
It’s necessary for us to master a foreign language.
• ②It +be+ adj.+ of sb. to do sth
• 此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词:kind,nice,rude,
cruel,careless,foolish,stupid,wise,crazy…某人做 某事,某人是… • eg. It’s foolish of you to drive a car after drinking.