托福阅读词汇题单词汇总tpo149学习资料
托福TPO1-34阅读词汇题完整汇总(电子版)
智课网TOEFL备考资料托福TPO1-34阅读词汇题完整汇总(电子版)摘要：托福TPO1-34阅读词汇题完整汇总(电子版)!新托福TPO阅读中，TPO阅读词汇题是重要托福阅读题型。
托福阅读词汇题做题需要考生掌握一定的词汇量和做题技巧，这样也可以帮助同学检验托福词汇的背诵效果，同学们快来巩固一下吧!托福 TPO1-34阅读词汇题完整汇总(电子版)! 新托福 TPO阅读中，TPO阅读词汇题是重要托福阅读题型。
托福阅读词汇题做题需要考生掌握一定的词汇量和做题技巧，这样也可以帮助同学检验托福词汇的背诵效果，同学们快来巩固一下吧!Paragraph 1: In the fourteenth century, a number of political developments cut Europe's overland trade routes to southern and eastern Asia, with which Europe had had important and highly profitable commercial ties since thetwelfth century. This development, coming as it did when the bottom had fallen out of the European economy, provided an impetus to a long-held desire to secure direct relations with the East by establishing a sea trade. Widely reported, if somewhat distrusted, accounts by figures like the famous traveler from Venice, Marco Polo, of the willingness of people in China to trade with Europeans and of the immensity of the wealth to be gained by such contact made the idea irresistible. Possibilities for trade seemed promising, but no hope existed for maintaining the traditional routes over land A new way had to be found. 【TPO17- Europe's Early Sea Trade with Asia】1. The word impetus in the passage is closest in meaning to○Return○Opportunity○Stimulus○ObstacleParagraph 3: At times, it is actually possible to watch the effects of natural selection in host-parasite relationships.For example, Australia during the 1940 s was overrun by hundreds of millions of European rabbits. The rabbits destroyed huge expanses of Australia and threatened the sheep and cattle industries. In 1950, myxoma virus, a parasite that affects rabbits, was deliberately introduced into Australia to control the rabbit population. Spread rapidly by mosquitoes, the virus devastated the rabbit population. The virus was less deadly to the offspring of surviving rabbits, however, and it caused less and less harm over the years. Apparently, genotypes (the genetic make-up of an organism)in the rabbit population were selected that were better able to resist the parasite. Meanwhile, the deadliest strains of the virus perished with their hosts as natural selection favored strains that could infect hosts but not kill them. Thus, natural selection stabilized this host-parasite relationship. 【TPO17- Symbiotic Relationships】4. The word devastated in the passage is closest in meaning to○ Influenced○ Infected○ strengthened○ destroyedParagraph 4: In contrast to parasitism, in commensalism, one partner benefits without significantly affecting the other. Few cases of absolute commensalism probably exist, because it is unlikely that one of the partners will be completely unaffected. Commensal associations sometimes involve one species' obtaining food that is inadvertently exposed by another. For instance, several kinds of birds feed on insects flushed out of the grass by grazing cattle. It is difficult to imagine how this could affect the cattle, but the relationship may help or hinder them in some way not yet recognized. 【TPO17- Symbiotic Relationships】7. The word inadvertently in the passage is closest in meaning to○Indefensibly○Substan tially○Unintentionally○Partially相关推荐:北美大学校园生活及学习常用词汇短语归纳托福写作常用短语WORD版汇总托福词汇常考词根大收录相关字搜索：托福TPO1-34阅读词汇题汇总。
tpo阅读单词
Canal 运河Surveyor 探勘员Outcorp露出地面的岩石Roam漫步Proceed 接下来做某事Meticulously 仔细的Quartz 石英Fauna 动物群Textile 纺织品Mill磨坊Exploit 开发利用Piston 活塞Pump 抽水机Cylinder 气缸Vacuum 真空Bellow 大声吼叫Eliminate 排除Subject 主题表现对象Caliber 素质Disdain鄙视Indeed 实际上Foster 培育，激励Marching legion 步兵Stark 单调的鲜明的赤裸裸的极端的Fixation 迷恋相当于obsession Extermination 灭绝Score 大量Gypsum 石膏Peculiarity 特点Crystalline 晶体的Cruise 巡游Invertebrate 无脊椎的Dome 穹顶Strait 海峡Precipitate 沉淀凝结引发Soluble 可溶的Cement 水泥Bond 纽带n粘合vPeculiar 奇怪的Monolithic巨大的Territorial 领土的Imperative 紧迫的；紧迫的事n Gravitas 庄严Be predisposed to 自然而然地不由自主地Subtlety 精巧nMight 魅力Speculative推断的Thrive 茁壮成长Genius 天才ingenious 精灵的心灵手巧的Furnace 熔炉Desiccation脱水Compromise 妥协；危及（及物动词）Legal tender 法币Pinpoint 精确的找到v 精确的adj. Necessitate 使成为必要Magnet 磁铁Shrine 圣殿Demise 死亡Cripple 严重压坏Metallic 金属的Consolidate 合并巩固加固Prospect 成功机会n 勘探vForage 搜寻vConfined 限制的cramped 局促的狭隘的Cramp 限制n钳制Bulky 笨重的Fringe 装饰……的边缘v 边界n非主流的a Alluvia 冲积层的Fecund 多产的Loam壤土Prairie草原Tempt 引诱Sterile 无菌的Depletion 耗尽nProliferation n激增Supersede 取代vDivert v 转移改道Presage 预示vPollen 花粉Flotation 发行股票花粉nVicinity 临近地区Disperse 散去传播Acre 英亩Knit 编织nTelltale n 告密者a 泄露秘密的Abrasion 擦伤处Tether= bind 拴捆Flourish 兴旺繁荣v Terrestrial 地球上的地面上的Clam 蛤蜊Dissolution n 解除Marrow 骨髓Canal 运河；道Pore 毛孔Marvelous 极好的令人惊讶的Volatile以发挥的不稳定的Constituent成分Lethal 致命的Fluctuation波动n Catastrophic灾难性的Delta 三角洲Excrete v 排泄分泌Exceeding非常Substrate底层Estuary 河口nTrap n陷阱湾Elevation 海拔高度Brackish 微咸的Nursery 温床托儿所Inhospitable 不友好的Reclamation开垦Smother 抑制vMow 割Herbicide除草剂Feasibility可行性Eradication根除扫除Pinhole 针孔Len滤镜Patent 获得专利Etch蚀刻Engrave雕刻vAuthenticity真实性Genuine 真的真实的Obsolete淘汰的退化的过期的Miniature微小的小型的微小模型Prolific多产的Destine指定vCoat覆盖Candid率直的Radical彻底的激进的基本的Impose 强加利用viPlummet堕落Crust 面包皮硬层Assortment各种各样n Constituent组成成分Droplet小滴Enigmatic神秘的费解的Perplex使困惑Condense凝结浓缩Pristine崭新的为触碰过的Distill 提炼Reside居住属于Configuration形状Husbandary农牧业Aboriginal土著的Antiquity古代古迹Indigenous当地的本土的土著的Figurative比喻义的Motif z主题装饰图案EngraveCoin 铸造创造vObscure使费解掩盖遮挡Counterexample 反例Fodder 饲料Horticulture园艺Reclaim 开垦拿回Graze 吃草grazing 吃草的～livestock Lease租用vnRadiant辐射的Dome 穹顶Upward 向上的Inhale 吸入Congestion拥挤充血nAllergy 过敏Respiratory 呼吸的Reflexive反身的Irritant刺激物Traumatic 受伤的外伤的不顺心的Expose to= subject to 受什么影响受什么限制处于什么的影响之下Desolate荒芜的荒凉的Bulge鼓起v nCrust 硬层Intermittently间隔地断断续续的Prominent 著名的显眼的Obliterate清除vSplash 飞溅Eject 喷射Liquefy 液化Propel 推Oar 桨Maritime海运的Elicit 引出Procure 设法获得Desert 逃离Supposition推测Starch 淀粉Secular 世俗的Mount 镶嵌vPatron赞助Sovereign君主至高无上的有主权的Clamour喧闹声呼喊Incise切开雕刻Syllable音节Wedge楔子Sledge 雪橇Aridity干旱Shed 脱落Burrow 挖掘挖洞Flap 震动～wingsConvection空气对流nDrain 为……排出流出。
TPO 1-24阅读词汇学生讲义汇总
词
emerge
音标
[i'mə:dʒ]
词意
出现
词
Particle
音标
['pɑ:tikl]
词意
颗粒,质点
词
Grain
音标
[ɡrein]
词意
粮食谷粒
词
Pebble
音标
['pebl]
词意
卵石
词
Loose
音标
[lu:s]
词意
宽松的；散漫的，不精确的
词
unconsolidated
音标
词意
遭遇，偶然碰见
词
Permit
音标
[pə'mit]
词意
允许，许可
词
Objectify
音标
[əb'dʒektifai,ɔb-]
词意
使具体化使客观化
词根
Object
词
Anxiety
音标
[æŋ'zaiəti]
词意
焦虑
词
Fiction
音标
['fikʃən]
词意
小说；虚构，编造
词
Instinct
音标
['ɪnstɪŋ(k)t]
薄的；瘦的；稀薄的；微弱的
词
Tropic
音标
['trɔpik]
词意
热带的
词
Cessation
音标
[se'seiʃən]
词意
停止；中止
词
Play a role
音标
音标
[sə'fiʃənt]
词意
【乐闻携尔】新托福TPO阅读词汇题150题
新托福TPO阅读词汇题150题OG○exact ○scarce ○valuable ○initial○explained ○visible ○identified ○located○staying afloat ○changing direction○decreasing weight ○moving forward1. The word○restricted ○endangered ○prevented ○rejected○fragile ○predictable ○complex ○valuablepassage is closest in meaning to○openly ○impressively ○objectively ○increasingly○consisting of ○hidden by○except for ○lacking in○frequently ○easily ○intelligently ○obviously5. The word○criticism ○leadership ○help ○approvalis closest in meaning to○was enlarged ○was improved○was varied ○was rejectedin the passage is closest in meaning to○unavoidable ○regrettable ○controllable ○unsuitablein the passage is closest in meaning to○identify ○modify ○satisfy ○simplifyin the passage is closest in meaning to○mistrust ○misinterpret ○criticize ○resent3. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○prolonged ○established ○followed ○upset7. The word○led ○accepted ○changed ○resisted○use ○improve ○counteract ○balancein the passage is closest in meaning to○complex ○amazing ○creative ○practical8. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○reduce ○remove ○direct○provide1. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to ○frequently ○greatly ○rapidly ○reportedly6. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○argument ○tendency ○example ○warning8. The word○power ○reality ○difficulty ○idea1. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to ○curious ○unhappy ○thoughtful ○uncertain3. The word○estimate ○agree ○expect ○understand○judge ○reject ○draw ○want10. The word○contradictory ○confusing ○dependent ○applicable2. The word○ unusually ○ comparatively ○ occasionally ○ naturally4. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○resemblances ○regions ○remains ○restorations7. The word○dries gradually ○flows slowly○freezes quickly ○warms slightlyTPO-1○far away ○hidden ○partly visible ○discovered○ cover ○ change ○ separate ○ surround○washed ○dragged ○filled up ○soaked through○changed ○debated ○created ○supported2.○ascribes ○leaves ○limits ○contrasts○artistic ○important ○independent ○establishedpassage is closest in meaning to○gradual ○complex ○visible ○strikingin the passage is closest in meaning to○require ○resist ○achieve ○endurein the passage is closest in meaning to○adapted ○likely ○difficult ○resistantTPO-3○in existence ○without question○achievable ○most likely○protect ○improve ○organize ○match○combined ○created ○introduced ○suggested○essential ○variable ○practical ○independent○difficult ○necessary ○skilled ○shared○continuing ○surprising ○initial ○subsequent○difficult to control ○without any restriction○unlike anything in the past ○rapidly expanding○clearly ○perhaps ○frequently ○almost○unfortunate ○predictable ○unavoidable ○final○natural ○final ○specific ○complex○increase ○ensure ○favor ○complicate○increases proportionally ○differs○loses significance ○is common12．○foreign ○stable ○fluid ○neighboring Online Test○ extend ○transform ○ activate ○ waste○development ○growth ○distribution ○protection○ huge ○ ancient ○ common ○ successful2.○Ways ○Shades ○Stages ○Rules○represented ○developed into○were associated with ○came after2. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○use ○require ○release ○destroy○can identify ○change ○are reduced by ○total○estimate ○respond ○argue ○planTPO-4○ consists of ○ combines ○ restricts ○ establishes○ impatiently ○ humorously ○ continuously ○ immediately10．○decline ○ recovery ○ exchange ○ movement1．○considerable ○surprising ○limited ○adequate5．○conditions ○problems ○influences ○decorations1．○grow up ○build up ○spread out ○break apart5．○nearby ○existing ○special ○deep9．○shifting ○inclining ○forming ○rolling11．○reach ○flood ○pollute ○alterOfficial Model Exam○claim ○model ○assume ○present○ digging out ○ extending ○ destroying ○ covering uppassage is closest in the meaning to ○ changed ○ exposed ○ destroyed ○ covered○ identified after careful study ○ identified without certainty ○ occasionally identified ○ easily identified○ sense of values ○ point of view○ calculation ○ complicationTPO-5○ fight off ○ show ○ cause ○ spread○ slows down ○ affects ○ makes easier ○ focuses onpassage is closest in meaning to○ grown ○ protected ○ spread out ○ hung○ offer ○ prevent ○ increase ○ remove3.○ powerful ○ favorable ○ current ○ reasonable○ skills ○ tools ○ opportunities ○ practices○ mysterious ○ unexpected ○ acknowledged ○ significant○ numerous ○ important ○ unexplained ○ sudden○ surprisingly ○ collectively ○ comparatively ○ characteristically○ emergence of many varieties ○ steady decline in number○ gradual increase in body size ○ sudden disappearance○ complicate ○ prevent ○ encourage ○ affectTPO-6is closest in meaning to○utilized ○recognized ○examined ○fully understood○quickly ○ultimately ○greatly ○initiallythe passage is closest in meaning to○began to prefer ○wanted to have ○became used to ○insisted on○gained ○established ○profited from ○maintained○thorough ○strict ○basic ○occasional” in the passage is closest in meaning to○carefully ○quickly ○frequently ○obviouslythe passage is closest in meaning to○vanished ○developed ○varied ○survived○possibly ○absolutely ○surprisingly ○nearlyclosest in meaning to○flexible ○believable ○debatable ○predictable○exception ○ repetition ○occurrence ○idea○ fundamentally ○ partially ○ consistently ○ subsequently○ system ○ theory ○ source ○ viewpoint1．○achievement ○requirement ○purpose ○feature○members ○large numbers ○populations ○different type○Fresh ○Deep ○Violent ○Temperate○ thinking about ○ fixation on ○ interest in ○ attitude toward6. The○ accepted ○ combined ○ introduced ○ encouraged○ abilities ○ areas ○ combinations ○ models○ emerged ○ was understood ○ spread ○ developed○ fascinating ○ far-reaching ○ necessary ○ temporary8. The word○ military ○ physical ○ ceremonial ○ permanent○ afraid of ○ displaced by ○ running away from ○ responding to TPO-8○ ancient ○ carefully ○ very large ○ carefully protected○ most aggressive ○ most productive ○ principal ○ earliest○ adapt ○ move ○ continue ○ compete○ extremes ○ retreats ○ periods ○ variations○ approach ○ strike ○ pass ○ circle○ exhaustion ○ disturbance ○ modification ○ disappearance○ expand ○ separate ○ straighten out ○ combine○ remains ○ sites ○ requirements ○ sources○ temporary ○ small ○ multiple ○ familiar○ clues ○ features ○ arguments ○ effectsin the passage is closest in meaning to○aggressively ○inflexibly ○convincingly ○carefullyis closest in meaning to○ before ○ immediately after ○ during ○ in spite of8.○Frozen ○Various ○Isolated ○Huge” in the passage is closest in meaning to○ not familiar ○ not suitable ○ not dangerous ○ not reachable12. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ chance ○ protection ○ possibility ○ incentivein the passage is closest in meaning to○supported ○shaped ○stimulated ○suggested6. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○ unbiased ○ positive ○ systematic ○ thoroughin the passage is closest in meaning to○ commonly held ○ persuasive ○ original ○ practical1. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○finally ○over a long period of time○successfully ○without a definite patternin the passage is closest in meaning to○ occasionally ○ plentifully ○ usefully ○ fortunatelyin the passage is closest in meaning to○ multiply ○ emerge ○ live ○ evolvein the passage is closest in meaning to○hidden ○inactive ○underground ○preservedOG Test 2○ definite ○ illuminating ○ misleading ○ exceptional○ widely ○ thinly ○ clearly ○ freshly○ obvious ○ significant ○ expected ○ connected○ as long as ○ unless ○ as if ○ even though○ rapid ○ determined ○ flexible ○ demandingin the passage is closest in meaning to○ highly regarded ○ financially rewarding ○ demanding ○ seriousin the passage is closest in meaning to○ noticed ○ praised ○ hired ○ attractedin the passage is closest in meaning to○ improve ○ define ○ simplify ○ integratein the passage is closest in meaning to○ emerged from beneath ○ created movement in○ arranged themselves in ○ pretended to bein the passage is closest in meaning to○ collect ○ pierce ○ melt ○ endurein the passage is closest in meaning to○collected ○frozen ○released ○ coveredin the passage is closest in meaning to○ kept out ○ compressed ○ damaged ○ gathered togetherin the passage is closest in meaning to○advance ○transfer ○flatten out ○come together TPO-101.The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ origin ○ importance ○ quality ○ design3. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ divided ○ extended ○ developed ○ vanished6. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○ improved ○ investigated ○ narrowed ○ caused8. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ while ○ previously ○ surprisingly ○ becausein the passage is closest in meaning to○ noticeable ○ confusing ○ true ○ unlikely7. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ dramatic ○ important ○ unpredictable ○ common10. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○ records ○ discussions ○ results ○ variations11. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ demonstrated ○ called upon ○ supported ○ expected2.○ historical ○ many ○ important ○ hidden6. The wor in the passage is closest in meaning to○ very necessary ○ very low ○ traditional ○ primaryTPO-111. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ attractive ○ essential ○ usual ○ practical5. The word○ connection ○ influence ○ environment ○ requirement9. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ material ○ layer ○ center ○ frame11.○ imagines ○ classifies ○ elevates ○ portrays○ defeated ○ interested ○ puzzled ○ occupied4. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○ unbelievable ○ inadequate ○ limited ○ creative12. in the passage is closest in meaning to ○ new ○ increasing ○ convincing ○ extensive1. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ increase for ○ remove from ○ place on ○ distribute to3. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ attractive ○ not real ○ short-term ○ well designed6. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ surprise ○ discovery ○ explanation ○ expectation7. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ observe ○ locate exactly ○ copy accurately ○ recognize8. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ require ○ gain ○ use ○ produceTPO-121. The phrase in the passage is closest in meaning to○ initiated ○ dominated ○ helped with ○ setup3. The phrase in the passage is closest in meaning to○ identified ○ revealed ○ pictured ○ imagined10. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ standards ○ findings ○ ideas ○ techniques1. in the passage is closest in meaning to○analyzed ○considered ○altered ○criticized3. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○difficulties ○accomplishments ○parallels ○contradictions6. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to ○distracted from ○explained ○conducted ○coordinated with9. in the passage is closest in meaning to○failed○needed ○started ○expected2. in the passage is closest in meaning to○obviously ○unfortunately ○rapidly ○severely5. in the passage is closest in meaning to○settlements ○farmers ○tribes ○inhabitants7. in the passage is closest in meaning to○streams ○cracks ○storms ○earthquakes10. in the passage is closest in meaning to○enclosed ○permanent ○motionless ○intactTPO-131. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ delicate ○ elaborate ○ private ○ common○ leaving ○ exposing ○ providing ○ understanding7. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ enlarge ○ evaluate ○ impress ○ accept10. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ detract ○ advance ○ select ○ depart1. in the passage is closest in meaning to○Therefore ○Additionally ○Nevertheless ○Moreover4. the passage is closest in meaning to○adjusted ○strong ○enduring ○predicted9.○length ○feature ○process ○repetition12. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○ intense ○ uninterrupted ○ natural ○ periodic2.○clearly ○quickly ○consistently5.○artificial ○powerful ○common ○similar8.○visual ○permanent ○meaningful ○measurable TPO-14○establish the truth of ○approve of ○understand ○criticize○responsible ○skillful ○patient ○curious○ evaluations ○ attitudes ○ actions ○ characteristics○ helpful ○ believable ○ valuable ○ familiar○usually ○surprisingly ○understandably ○predictably○unusual ○unexpected ○extended ○disastrous○used up ○reduced ○wasted ○relied upon○interest ○status ○demand ○profit○strange ○positive ○direct ○far-reaching○reliable ○noticeable ○convincing ○violentthe passage is closest in meaning to○use to advantage ○depart from ○pay attention to ○travel acrossTPO-151. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○natural to ○different from all other○quite common among ○familiar to3. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○remarkable achievement ○common transformation○daily activity ○complex solution5. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○strength ○effort ○activity ○mass10. The phrase in the passage is closest in meaning to○rises through ○heats up in ○runs through ○collects in○ specific ○ unlimited ○ reasonable ○ long○describe ○challenge ○explain ○test○ sudden ○ unusual ○ immediate ○ extreme○intermediate ○linked ○frozen ○fully developed○measure ○enlarge ○approximate ○equal○break ○push ○change ○extend○approximate ○exaggerated ○unusual ○misleading10.○unchanging ○usable ○thick ○harmlessTPO-16○respect ○reject ○review ○revise○authority ○responsibility ○custom ○agreement○set of moral principles ○division of labor ○economic system ○test of character○fundamentally ○surprisingly ○consequently ○particularly○sequence ○interpretation ○requirement ○interaction○weight ○requirement ○plenty ○sequence○predicted by ○expected of ○similar to ○superior to○hypothesized ○discovered ○reported ○generated○Essentially ○Typically ○Consistently ○noticeably○rich ○thin ○unique ○complex○over time ○long ago ○simply ○certainly○Return ○Opportunity ○Stimulus ○Obstacle○Artificially ○Greatly ○Immediately ○Regularly○Completed ○Improved ○Drawn ○Checked○purposes ○skills ○activities ○rules○Commom ○Noticeable ○Different ○Colorful○change ○imitate ○communicate ○hide○Coloring ○Enlarging ○Loosening ○Heating○obstruction ○effort ○delay ○resistance○repeats ○makes use of ○increases the intensity of ○recognizes○Digests ○Obtains ○Controls ○Discovers○ Influenced ○ Infected ○ strengthened ○ destroyed○Indefensibly ○Substantially ○Unintentionally ○Partially○Defines ○Emphasizes ○Reflects ○SuggestsTPO-18○ extraordinary ○ surprising ○ immediate ○ predictablein the passage is closest in meaning to○ ended ○ raised ○ returned ○ lowered○ rapid ○ partial ○ increasing ○ individual○ fault ○ aspect ○ confusion ○ mystery○ removed ○ followed ○ increased ○ caused○ continuously ○ quickly ○ regularly ○ carefully○ reliable ○ based on common sense○ relevant ○ based on observation○ distinct ○ growing ○ huge ○ immediate○ reject ○ obtain ○ need ○ produce○ opens ○ completes ○ lights ○ electrifies○ started ○ intensified ○ finished ○ expectedTPO-19○respond to ○warn against ○ avoid the impact of ○ stop by force○rebellion ○conflict ○neglect ○crime○given the right to ○able to afford to ○encouraged to ○required to○ experiences ○ communities ○ conditions ○ lawsO noticed defined publicizedO picture lawlike regularity tendencyO apparently consequentlyO broadly properly officiallyO started foreseenO types deposits2.TheO varied familiar layeredO resemble expect dominateO result from vary with show preserveTPO-20O types directionsO importance successO reformed equaled increasedO transported soldO regular very important very positiveO utilized inhabited improvedO secure extended confinedO changes exceptionsO briefly suddenly surprisinglyO problems forces changesO alternative similarO limit combine IncreaseO exact reliableO completion variety possibility speedTPO-21O economical familiarO familiar plentiful usefulO increasing making use of estimating the size ofO idea experienceO frequently as a resultO Complex creative immediate reliableO improvement debate interpretationO plentiful questionableO apparent deepO Development specialization use transformation TPO-22O dangerously surprisingly highlyO changes grows on breaks downO AttemptsO handledO practicality genuineness repetitionO unlikely unwillingO unquestionable beneficialO unintentional realistic unusualO success placeO resemblance referenceO mysterious interesting surprisingO pure solid ordinary trappedTPO-231.○ growing ○ frightening ○ very large ○ strictly controlled○ remain below ○ be higher than ○ add to ○ come close to○ location ○ history ○ temperature ○ shape○ changed ○ blocked ○ increased ○ weakened○ Besides ○ Despit ○ As a result of ○ Instead of○ sale ○ storage ○ exportation ○ utilization○ continuous ○ well documented ○ famous ○ expensive○ incredible ○ unfortunate ○ predicted ○ evident○ puzzling ○ uncommon ○ questionable ○ undocumented○ completely ○ comparatively ○ apparently ○ particularly○ indicate ○ apply ○ identify ○ repeat○ discussed ○ raised ○ challenged ○ changedTPO-24○results ○increases ○resources ○savings5.○on the other hand ○in the same way ○in other words ○on average”in the passage is closest in meaning to○expected ○additional ○serious ○unfortunate3.○consistent ○perfect ○partial ○sole9. ”meaning to○significant ○Steady ○Usual ○necessary”in the passage is closest in meaning to○reduce ○stop ○Readjust ○restart○Essential ○highly stressful ○highly unusual ○unwise○strong ○questionable ○obvious ○deliberate7.○change ○climate ○decline ○problemTPO-251.○ Important ○ Extremely large ○ Highly unusual ○ Active3.○ Deep ○ Complex ○ Characteristic ○ Ancient○ Typically ○ Frequently ○ Actually ○ Approximately○ Frequently ○ Significantly ○ Clearly ○ Surprisingly1.○ transformation ○ comeback ○ program ○ expansion○ for free ○ for a time ○ by requirement ○ by design5.○ strict ○ enforced ○ improved ○ old-fashioned9.○ informal ○ logical ○ correct ○ usual1. meaning to ○ originally ○ supposedly ○ obviously○ usually3.○ restricted by ○ distant from○ exposed to○ combined with5. The○ dusty ○ hardened ○ deserted ○ dried out8.○ shared ○ presented ○ strengthened ○ concealed。
【乐闻携尔】新托福TPO阅读词汇题150题
新托福TPO阅读词汇题150题OG○exact ○scarce○valuable○initial○explained ○visible○identified○located11. The○staying afloat ○changing direction○decreasing weight ○moving forward○restricted ○endangered○prevented○reje cted○fragile ○predictable○complex○valuable○openly○impressively○objectively○increasingly○consisting of○hidden by○except for○lacking in○frequently○easily○intelligently○obviously○criticism○leadership○help○approval○was enlarged○was improved○was varied○was rejected○unavoidable○regrettable○controllable○unsuitable○identify○modify○satisfy○simplifyin the passage is closest in meaning to○mistrust○misinterpret○criticize○resent○prolonged○established○followed○upset○led○accepted○changed○resisted○use○improve○counteract○balancening to ○complex○amazing○creative○practical○reduce○remove○direct○provide○frequently○greatly ○rapidly○reportedly○argument○tendency○example○warning○power○reality○difficulty○idea○curious ○unhappy ○thoughtful ○uncertain○estimate ○agree ○expect ○understand○judge○reject○draw○want○contradictory○confusing○dependent○applicable○ unusually○ comparatively○ occasionally○ naturally○resemblances ○regions○remains○restorations○dries gradually○flows slowly○freezes quickly○warms slightlyTPO-1○far away○hidden○partly visible○discovered○ cover ○ change○ separate○ surround○washed○dragged○filled up○soaked through○changed○debated○created ○supported○ascribes○leaves○limits○contrasts○artistic○important○independent○established1. Th○gradual○complex○visible○strikingin the passage is closest in meaning to○require ○resist ○achieve ○endurein the passage is closest in meaning to○adapted ○likely ○difficult ○resistantTPO-3○in existence ○without question○achievable○most likely○protect ○improve ○organize ○match○combined ○created ○introduced ○suggested○essential ○variable ○practical ○independent○difficult ○necessary ○skilled ○shared○continuing○surprising○initial○subsequent○difficult to control○without any restriction○unlike anything in the pas t ○rapidly expanding○clearly○perhaps○frequently○almost○unfortunate○predictable○unavoidable○final○natural○final ○specific○complex○increase○ensure○favor○complicaten the passage is closest in meaning to○increases proportionally○differs○loses significance○is common12○foreign○stable○fluid○neighboringOnline Test1. The word○ extend○ transform ○ activate○ waste○development○growth○distribution○protection○ huge○ ancient○ common○ successful○Ways○Shades○Stages○Rulesto ○represented○developed into○were associated with○came afterin the passage is closest in meaning to○use○require○release○destroy○can identify○change○are reduced by○total○estimate○respond○argue ○planTPO-4○ consists of ○ combines ○ restricts ○ establishesin the passage is closest in meaning to ○ impatiently ○ humorously ○ continuously ○ immediately10○ decline ○ recovery○ exchange○ movement1○considerable○surprising○limited○adequate5○conditions○problems ○influences ○decorations1○grow up○build up○spread out○break apart5○nearby ○existing○special○deep9○shifting○inclining○forming○rolling11○reach○flood○pollute○alterOfficial Model Exam○claim○model○assume○present○ digging out○ extending○ destroying○ covering up○ changed○ exposed○ destroyed○ covered○ identified after careful study○ identified without certaint y○ occasionally identified○ easily identified○ sense of values○ point of view○ calculation○ complicationTPO-5○ fight off○ show○ cause○ spread○ slows down○ affects○ makes easier○ focuses on○ grown○ protected○ spread out○ hung○ offer○ prevent○ increase○ remove3.○ powerful○ favorable○ current○ reasonable○ skills○ tools○ opportunities○ practices○ mysterious○ unexpected○ acknowledged○ significant○ numerou s ○ important○ unexplained○ sudden○ surprisingly○ collectively○ comparatively○ characteristically○ emergence of many varieties○ steady decline in number○ gradual increase in body size○ sudden disappearance○ complicate○ prevent○ encourage○ affectTPO-6is closest in meaning to○utilized ○recognized ○examined ○fully understood○quickly ○ultimately ○greatly ○initiallythe passage is closest in meaning to○began to prefer ○wanted to have ○became used to ○insisted on○gained ○established ○profited from ○maintained○thorough ○strict ○basic ○occasional” in the passage is closest in meaning to○carefully○quickly○frequently○obviouslypassage is closest in meaning to○vanished ○developed ○varied ○survived○possibly ○absolutely ○surprisingly ○nearlysest in meaning to○flexible ○believable ○debatable ○predictable○exception ○ repetition ○occurrence ○idea○ fundamentally ○ partially ○ consistently ○ subsequently○ system ○ theory ○ source ○ viewpoint1○achievement ○requirement ○purpose ○feature○members ○large numbers ○populations ○different type○Fresh ○Deep ○Violent ○Temperate○ thinking about○ fixation on○ interest in○ attitude toward6.○ accepted○ combined○ introduced○ encouraged○ abilities○ areas○ combinations○ models1. The word○ emerged○ was understood○ spread○ developed○ fascinating○ far-reaching ○ necessary○ temporary8. The wo○ military○ physical○ ceremonial○ permanent○ afraid of○ displaced by○ running away from○ responding to TPO-8○ ancient○ carefully○ very large○ carefully protected○ most aggressive○ most productive○ principal○ earliest○ adapt○ move○ continue○ compete○ extremes○ retreats○ periods○ variat ions○ approach○ strike○ pass○ circle○ exhaustion○ disturbance○ modification○ disappearance○ expand○ separate○ straighten out○ combine○ remains○ sites○ requirements○ sources○ temporary○ small○ multiple○ familiar○ clues ○ features ○ arguments ○ effectsin the passage is closest in meaning to○aggressively○inflexibly○convincingly○carefullyis closest in meaning to○ before○ immediately after○ during○ in spite of8.○Frozen○Various○Isolated○Huge” in the passage is closest in meaning to○ not familiar○ not suitable○ not dangerous○ not reachable12. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ chance○ protection○ possibility○ incentivein the passage is closest in meaning to○supported○shaped○stimulated○suggested6. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○ unbiased○ positive○ systematic○ thoroughin the passage is closest in meaning to○ commonly held○ persuasive○ original○ practical1. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○finally○over a long period of time○successfully○without a definite patternin the passage is closest in meaning to○ occasion ally ○ plentifully○ usefully○ fortunatelyin the passage is closest in meaning to ○ multiply○ emerge○ live ○ evolvein the passage is closest in meaning to ○hidden○inactive○underground○preservedOG Test 2○ definite○ illuminating○ misleading○ exceptional○ widely○ thinly○ clearly○ freshly○ obvious○ significant○ expected○ connected○ as long as○ unless○ as if ○ even though○ rapid○ determined○ flexible○ demandingin the passage is closest in meaning to○ highly regarded○ financially rewarding ○ demanding○ seriousin the passage is closest in meaning to○ noticed○ praised○ hired○ attractedin the passage is closest in meaning to○ improve○ define○ simplify○ integratein the passage is closest in meaning to○ emerged from beneath○ created movement in○ arranged themselves in ○ pretended to bein the passage is closest in meaning to○ collect○ pierce○ melt○ endurein the passage is closest in meaning to○collected○frozen○released○ coveredin the passage is closest in meaning to○ kept out○ compressed ○ damaged ○ gathered togetherin the passage is closest in meaning to○advance ○transfer ○flatten out ○come togetherTPO-10in the passage is closest in meaning to○ origin ○ importance ○ quality ○ design3. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ divided ○ extended ○ developed ○ vanished6. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○ improved ○ investigated ○ narrowed ○ caused8. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ while ○ previously ○ surprisingly ○ becausein the passage is closest in meaning to○ noticeable ○ confusing ○ true ○ unlikely7. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ dramatic ○ important ○ unpredictable ○ common10. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to ○ records ○ discussions ○ results ○ variations11. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ demonstrated ○ called upon ○ supported ○ expected2.○ historical ○ many ○ important ○ hidden6. The wor in the passage is closest in meaning to○ very necessary ○ very low ○ traditional ○ primaryTPO-111. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ attractive ○ essential ○ usual ○ practical5. The word○ connection ○ influence ○ environment ○ requirement9. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ material ○ layer ○ center ○ frame11.○ imagines ○ classifies ○ elevates ○ portrays2. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ defeated ○ interested ○ puzzled ○ occupied4. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to ○ unbelievable ○ inadequate ○ limited ○ creative12. in the passage is closest in meaning to ○ new○ increasing○ convincing○ extensive1. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ increase for ○ remove from ○ place on ○ distribute to3. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ attractive ○ not real ○ short-term ○ well designed6. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ surprise ○ discovery ○ explanation ○ expectation7. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ observe ○ locate exactly ○ copy accurately ○ recognize8. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○ require ○ gain ○ use ○ produceTPO-121. The phrase in the passage is closest in meaning to ○ initiated ○ dominated ○ helped with ○ setup3. The phrase in the passage is closest in meaning to○ identified ○ revealed ○ pictured ○ imagined10. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ standards ○ findings ○ ideas ○ techniques1. in the passage is closest in meaning to○analyzed ○considered ○altered ○criticized3. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○difficulties ○accomplishments ○parallels ○contradictions6. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to ○distracted from ○explained ○conducted ○coordinated with9. in the passage is closest in meaning to○failed○needed ○started ○expected2. in the passage is closest in meaning to○obviously ○unfortunately ○rapidly ○severely5. in the passage is closest in meaning to○settlements ○farmers ○tribes ○inhabitants7. in the passage is closest in meaning to○streams ○cracks ○storms ○earthquakes10. in the passage is closest in meaning to○enclosed ○permanent ○motionless ○intactTPO-131. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ delicate ○ elaborate ○ private ○ common3.○ leaving ○ exposing ○ providing ○ understanding7. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ enlarge ○ evaluate ○ impress ○ accept10. in the passage is closest in meaning to○ detract ○ advance ○ select ○ depart1. in the passage is closest in meaning to○Therefore ○Additionally ○Nevertheless ○Moreover4. the passage is closest in meaning to○adjusted ○strong ○enduring ○predicted9.○length ○feature ○process ○repetition12. The word in the passage is closest in meaning to○ intense ○ uninterrupted ○ natural ○ periodic2.○clearly ○quickly ○consistently5.○artificial ○powerful ○common ○similar8.○visual ○permanent ○meaningful ○measurableTPO-14○establish the truth of○approve of○understand○criticize○responsible○skillful○patient○curious○ evaluations○ attitudes○ actions○ characteristics○ helpful○ believable○ valuable○ familiar4○usually○surprisingly○understandably○predictably○unusual○unexpected○extended○disastrous○used up○reduced○wasted○relied upon○interest○status○demand○profit○strange○positive○direct○far-reaching○reliable○noticeable○convincing○violentthe passage is closest in meaning to○use to advantage○depart from○pay attention to○travel acrossTPO-151. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○natural to ○different from all other○quite common among ○familiar to3. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○remarkable achievement○common transformation○daily activity○complex solution5. The in the passage is closest in meaning to○strength ○effort○activity○mass10. The phrase in the passage is closest in meaning to○rises through○heats up in○runs through○collects in○ specific○ unlimited○ reasonable○ long○describe○challenge○explain○test○ sudden○ unusual○ immediate○ extreme○intermediate ○linked ○frozen ○fully developed○measure ○enlarge ○approximate ○equal○break ○push ○change ○extend○approximate○exaggerated○unusual○misleading10.○unchanging○usable○thick○harmlessTPO-16○respect ○reject ○review ○revise○authority ○responsibility ○custom ○agreement○set of moral principles ○division of labor ○economic system ○test of character○fundamentally ○surprisingly ○consequently ○particularly○sequence ○interpretation ○requirement ○interaction○weight ○requirement ○plenty ○sequence○predicted by ○expected of ○similar to ○superior to○hypothesized ○discovered ○reported ○generated○Essentially ○Typically ○Consistently ○noticeably○rich ○thin ○unique ○complex○over time ○long ago ○simply ○certainly○Return ○Opportunity ○Stimulus ○Obstacle○Artificially ○Greatly ○Immediately ○Regularly○Completed ○Improved ○Drawn ○Checked○purposes ○skills ○activities ○rules○Commom ○Noticeable ○Different ○Colorful○change ○imitate ○communicate ○hide○Coloring ○Enlarging ○Loosening ○Heating○obstruction ○effort ○delay ○resistance○repeats ○makes use of ○increases the intensity of ○recognizes○Digests ○Obtains ○Controls ○Discovers○ Influenced ○ Infected ○ strengthened ○ destroyed○Indefensibly ○Substantially ○Unintentionally ○Partially○Defines ○Emphasizes ○Reflects ○SuggestsTPO-18○ extraordinary ○ surprising ○ immediate ○ predictablein the passage is closest in meaning to○ ended ○ raised ○ returned ○ lowered○ rapid ○ partial ○ increasing ○ individual○ fault ○ aspect ○ confusion ○ mystery○ removed ○ followed ○ increased ○ causedpassage is closest in the meaning to○ continuously ○ quickly ○ regularly ○ carefully○ reliable ○ based on common sense○ relevant ○ based on observation○ distinct ○ growing ○ huge ○ immediate○ reject ○ obtain ○ need ○ produce○ opens ○ completes ○ lights ○ electrifies○ started ○ intensified ○ finished ○ expectedTPO-19○ respond to ○ warn against ○ avoid the impact of ○ stop by force○ rebellion ○ conflict ○ neglect ○ crime○ given the right to ○ able to afford to ○ encouraged to ○ required to○ experiences ○ communities ○ conditions ○ lawsO Confirmed noticed defined publicizedO Probability picture lawlike regularity tendencyO Sometimes similarly apparently consequentlyO Commonly broadly properly officiallyis closest in meaning toO Approved identified started foreseenO Signs pieces types depositsO Remaining varied familiar layeredO Experience resemble expect dominateO result from vary with show preserveTPO-20O Borders groups types directionsO Growth cooperation importance successO Replaced reformed equaled increasedO collected shifted transported soldO numerous regular very important very positiveO explored utilized inhabited improvedO Primitive secure extended confinedO Effects similarities changes exceptionsO informally briefly suddenly surprisinglyO Combinations problems forces changesO Land protected alternative similarO control limit combine IncreaseO complex quick exact reliableO completion variety possibility speedTPO-21O Usable plentiful economical familiarO economical familiar plentiful usefulO locating increasing making use of estimating the size ofO Choice benefit idea experienceO in theory obviously frequently as a resultO Complex creative immediate reliableO Investigation improvement debate interpretationO Surprising convincing plentiful questionableO Consistent sufficient apparent deepO Development specialization use transformationTPO-22O Unusually dangerously surprisingly highlyO Creates changes grows on breaks downO Laws Suggestions AttemptsO copied replaced handledO improvement practicality genuineness repetitionO Unable embarrassed unlikely unwillingO indirect not expected unquestionable beneficialO Surprising unintentional realistic unusualO sight sake success placeO addition modification resemblance referenceO dangerous mysterious interesting surprisingO pure solid ordinary trappedTPO-23○ growing○ frightening○ very large ○ strictly controlled○ remain below ○ be higher than ○ add to ○ come close to○ location ○ history ○ temperature ○ shape○ changed ○ blocked ○ increased ○ weakened○ Besides ○ Despit ○ As a result of ○ Instead of○ sale ○ storage ○ exportation ○ utilization○ continuous ○ well documented ○ famous ○ expensive○ incredible ○ unfortunate ○ predicted ○ evident○ puzzling ○ uncommon ○ questionable ○ undocumented○ completely ○ comparatively ○ apparently ○ particularly○ indicate ○ apply ○ identify ○ repeat○ discussed ○ raised ○ challenged ○ changedTPO-24○results○increases○resources○savings5.○on the other hand○in the same way○in other words○on average”in the passage is closest in meaning to ○expected ○additional ○serious ○unfortunate3.○consistent○perfect○partial○sole9. ”meaning to○significant○Steady○Usual○necessary”in the passage is closest in meaning to○reduce○s top ○Readjust○restart○Essential○highly stressful○highly unusual○unwise○strong○questionable○obvious ○deliberate7.○change○climate ○decline○problemTPO-25○ Important ○ Extremely large ○ Highly unusual ○ Active○ Deep ○ Complex ○ Characteristic ○ Ancient○ Typically ○ Frequently ○ Actually○ Approximately8. The word○ Frequently ○ Significantly ○ Clearly ○ Surprisingly○ transformation ○ comeback ○ program ○ expansion○ for free ○ for a time ○ by requirement ○ by design○ strict○ enforced○ improved○ old-fashioned○ informal○ logical○ correct○ usualmeaning to ○ originally○ supposedly○obviously○ usually○ restricted by○ distant from○ exposed to○ combined with○ dusty○ hardened○ deserted○ dried out○ shared○ presented○ strengthened○ concealed。
【9A文】托福阅读词汇题单词汇总TPO1-49
TPO1:Dramatic剧烈的，戏剧化的–-striking显著的、突出的、惊人的Prevalent普遍的，常见的–-predictable可预见的Championed拥护、支持–-SupportedAttributes把。
归于--ascribesAutonomous自主的、自治的、自发的–independentPenchant倾向、嗜好、趣味--inclination倾向Incredible令人难以置信的--UnbelievableOutofsight看不见、在视野之外--hiddenOverlie躺在.。
上面，覆盖在。
上面--Cover Somuchfor–ThatisenoughaboutPlugged插入、填满–filledupTPO2:Threatened–endangeredDelicate易碎的、纤弱的–fragile易碎的ProgressivelR渐进的、日益增多的–increasinglRDevoidof没有、缺乏–lackinginPrecious宝贵的、珍贵的–valuableERposed暴露的–visiblePropulsion推进–movingforwardReadilR轻而易举的–easilRAssistance帮助–helpERpanded扩充的、展开的–wasenlargedTPO3:Feasible可行的–achievableEnhance增加、提高–improveDevised设计、发明–createdIntegral完整的、必须的–essential基本的、必要的Arduous艰巨的、困难的–difficultEnsuring跟随，接下来–subsequentUnprecedented史无前例的–unlikeanRthinginthepast VirtuallR几乎、实际上、事实上–almostInevitable不可避免的、必然的–unavoidableParticular特别的、特定的–specificGuarantee保证、确保–ensurePale苍白、使失色–losessignificanceAdjacent相邻–neighbouringTPO4Inhibits阻止，阻拦–restrictsInthesamebreath–immediatelRIndefiniteperiod没有限制的时间段–whoseendhasnotbeendetermined Rebound反弹–recoverR恢复Marked标记的、明显的、显著的–considerablePrincipal主要的–majorTrappings装饰–decorationAccumulate沉积、聚集、累积–buildup增进、积累Adjacent–nearbRSloping倾斜的、斜坡的–incliningFoul弄脏、污染–polluteTPO5:ERhibit显示、显出–showFacilitate促进、帮助、使容易–makeeasierSuspended悬垂、悬挂–hungAfford给予、提供–offerOverwhelming压倒性的、势不可挡的–powerfulImplements实施、执行、工具–toolsUndisputed无可辩驳的、毫无疑问的–acknowledge广为承认的Significant显著的、重要的–importantRelativelR相对地–comparativelRDiversification多样化–emergenceofmanRvarieties出现很多种类Promote促进、提升–encourageTPO6:ERploited开采、开发、利用、剥削–utilizedVastlR极大地–greatlRGrewaccustomed习惯于–becameusedtoRetained保留、保持–maintainedRudimentarR基本的、初步的–basicMeticulouslR仔细地–carefullREndure忍耐、耐久–survived存活，从。
【TPO小站】托福阅读学科分类词汇
托福阅读分类词汇托福阅读：建筑学词汇architect 建筑师architecture 建筑学arch 拱形baroque style 巴洛克rococo style 洛可可pillar post 柱bar tendon 钢筋construction 建造icon 肖像，画像statue 雕像dam 坝tunnel 隧道pyramid 金字塔canyon、gorge 峡谷monument 纪念碑church 教堂abbey 教堂landmark 路标里程碑suspension bridge 悬浮桥beam 梁dome vault 穹顶granite 花岗岩collapse 坍塌magnificent 壮丽的reinforce 加强stable 稳定的absorber 减震器masterpiece 杰作名著skyscraper 摩天大楼sideways 侧面的erect 盖，树立peg 钉，栓sway 摇晃upright 垂直的vertical 垂直的wedge 三角木 storey 层 eave 屋檐watchtower 瞭望塔 staircase 楼梯 overhang 悬垂 roof 屋顶 trunk 树干 craftsman 工匠 column 圆柱 flex 弯曲 concept 概念 concrete 混凝土toughened glass 钢化玻璃 aerial view/bird eye view 鸟瞰图 symbol 象征statue\sculpture 雕塑 blueprint 蓝图1sketch 草图building orientation 建筑朝向 building structure 建筑结构 civil 土木water supply and drainage 给排水 plot plan 总图H.V.A.C (heating 、ventilation and a irconditioning) 采暖通风 electric power supply 电力供应 electric lighting 电气照明 telecommunication 电讯 instrument 仪表heat power supply 热力供应 civil architecture 民用建筑 piping 管道fire-prevention 防火aseismatic, quake-proof 防震 anti-corrosion 防腐 dump-proof 防潮 water-proof 防水dust-proof 防尘 rust-proof 防锈pedestrian volume 人流量 perspective drawing 透视图 wind load 风荷载 scheme, draft 方案 bearing wall 承重墙 balcony 阳台 marble 大理石 granite 花岗岩reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土 托福阅读：医学词汇1.microbe/bacteria/germ 细菌2.health and well-being 健康3.improper or unhealthy diet 不健康 的饮食4.artificial chemicals 人工化学品（添加 剂）5.poisonous 有毒的6.taste enhancer 味觉提高剂7.artificial sweetener 人工增甜剂8.protein 蛋白质9.fat 脂肪 10.mineral 矿物质 11.vitamin 维他命 12.ingredient 成分 13.vegetarian 素食主义者 14.overweight 超重 15.obesity 肥胖16.poor dietary habit 不良饮食习惯17.be on a diet 节食减肥 18.cut lifespan 减少寿命 19.proper nutrition 适当营养 20.maintain physical fitness 保持身体 健康21.calorie 卡路里222.high-calorie intake 高卡路里的摄入an 器官 24.heart 心 25.liver 肝 26.lung 肺 27.kidney 肾 28.cell 细胞，蜂窝 29.nerve 神经30.chronic illness 慢性病31.cut the risk of suffering…(heart attack) 降低患..风险 32.cancer 癌症33.hypertension —high blood pressure 高血压 34.heart attack 心脏病 35.diabetes 糖尿病 36.stroke 中风 37.asthma 哮喘38.pneumonia 肺炎 39.hepatitis 肝炎 40.influenza/flu 流感 41.immune system 免疫系统 42.lower the immune response 降低 免疫力43.sleeplessness/insomnia 失眠 44.foods low in fat and high in fibre低脂肪高纤维食物 45.cholesterol 胆固醇 46.metabolic 新陈代谢47.renew one’s energy 恢复精力 48.physical activity 体育活动 49.blood circulation 血液循环 50.prevalence of disease 疾病的流行托福阅读：动物学词汇 1. species 种类 n.2. degenerate 退化3. breed 物种，繁殖 n.v.4. food chain 食物链5. mammal 哺乳动物n.6. wild animal 野生动物7. living creature 生物8. mature 成熟a. v.9. immature 不成熟的 10. habitat 栖息地n. 11. inhabit 栖息于，居住在 12. evolve 进化v. 13. evolution 进化 14. instinct 本能n. 15. feature 特点16. ability —capacity 能力 17. reproduction 繁殖n. 18. appetite 食欲n. 19. digestion 消化n.20. offspring/ descendent 后代n. 21. grub 幼兽n.22. cub 幼兽323. predator 掠夺者n. 24. prey 被掠夺者n.25. migrate--migration 迁徙 26. aggression 侵略n. 27. hatch 孵化v. 28. hibernation 冬眠n. 29. chew 咀嚼v.30. biological diversity 生物多样性 31. visual and acoustic faculty 视觉和 听觉能力 32. sense 感官 33. hormone 荷尔蒙 34. intelligence 智慧 35. emotion 情感 36. joint 关节 37. limb 四肢38. cognition —recognition 认知，再认 知39. muscle 肌肉 40. nerve 神经 41. organ 器官42. vulnerable 易受伤害的 43. mate 交配 伙伴 44. gene 基因 45. insect 昆虫 46. aquaria 水族馆 47. marine 海洋的 48. life span 寿命 49. life expectancy 寿命 50. fur 皮毛 51. imitate v.模仿 52. mimicry n. 模仿 53. mimic adj. 模仿的 54. exist —existence 生存 55. extinct —extinction 灭绝 56. die out 灭绝57. endangered rare species 稀有濒危 物种58. identify rings 身份标志圈 59. pest 害虫 60. pesticide 杀虫剂 61. conservation 保护 62. mammal 哺乳动物 63. reindeer 驯鹿 64. rhinoceros 犀牛65. reptile 爬行动物；卑鄙的人 66. batrachia 无尾两栖类，蛙类 67. lizard 蜥蜴 68. chameleon 变色龙 69. crocodile 鳄鱼 70. turtle 海龟 71. dinosaur 恐龙 72. family 科 73. class 纲 74. order 目75. suborder 亚目 76. genus 种，类 77. spine 脊骨 478. toe 脚趾 79. bill 鸟嘴 80. beak 鸟嘴，喙 81. scale 鳞片；障眼物 82. grease 动物脂；脂肪 83. dolphin 海豚 84. plankton 浮游生物 85. mule 骡 86. donkey 驴 87. ox 牛 88. zebra 斑马 89.reindeer 驯鹿 90.giraffe 长颈鹿 91.camel 骆驼 92.puma 美洲豹 93.leopard 豹94.tiger 虎 95.squirrel 松鼠 96.eagle 鹰 97.snake 蛇 98.turtle 龟 99.cow 母牛 100.goose 鹅 101.swan 天鹅 102. oviparity 卵生 103. viviparity 胎生 托福阅读：考古学词汇 1.archeology 考古学 2.archeologist 考古学家 3.artifact 人造物品4.relic 遗物，遗迹；废墟，纪念物5.excavate 挖掘6.carve 刻，雕刻7.temple 庙8.kingdom/realm 王国 9.empire 王国10. emperor 国王 11. pharaoh 法老 12. the Niles 尼罗河 13. pyramid 金字塔 14. statue 雕像 15. chart 绘图 16. skull 头脑；头骨 17. antique 古物，古董18. antiquity 古代，古老，古代的文物19. offspring/descendent 后代 20. warship 祭拜 21. site 地址、遗址 22. exhume 掘出 23. unearth 发掘，发现 24. scoop 汲取；挖掘 25. indigenous 当地人 26. dwelling 住所 27. dweller 居民 28. savages 野蛮人29. disclosure 揭露 530. remains 残余；遗迹 31. remnant 残余；遗迹 32. remainder 残余，剩余物 33. residue 残余34. primitive 原始的，最初的 35. prehistoric 史前的，陈旧的 36. archaic 古老的，陈旧的 37. medieval 中世纪的，仿中世纪 的；老式的38. originate 起源，发生39. excavation 挖掘，发掘；挖掘成 的洞；出土文物 40. vestige 遗迹，痕迹 41. trace 痕迹，踪迹 42. primordial 原始的 43. primeval 原始的44. chronological 按年代顺序排列的45. Paleolithic 旧石器时代的 46. Mesolithic 中石器时代 47. Neolithic 新石器时代48. invaluable 无价的，价值无法衡量的49. precious 宝贵的，贵重的 托福阅读：人类文明词汇 1.civilization 文明 2.ancient 古老的 3.artifact 人工制品 4.indigenous 当地的 5.customs 风俗 6.dweller 居民，土著人 7.antique 古老的，古董 8.tribe 部落9.folklore/folktale 民间传说 10. folkway 社会风俗 11. sociology 社会学 12. urban 城市的 13. urbanization 都市化14. rural 乡下的，田园的 15 migration 迁徙 16. immigration 移民 17. community 社会 18. ethics 伦理学19. metropolitan 大都市的 20. convention 传统21. patriarchic 家长的，族长的 22. institutionalize 使制度化 23. polygamous 一夫多妻的，一妻多 夫的24. clan 宗族 25. matrimony 婚礼 托福阅读：地理学词汇 1.location---locate 地点 2.North Pole 北极 3.South Pole 南极 4.Antarctic 南极的 65.Arctic 北极的6.globe 地球，地球仪7.global 全球的8.the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 9.the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 10.the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋 11.Oceanica 大洋洲 12.continent 大陆 13.height 高度 14.hemisphere 半球15.the Northern Hemisphere 北半球16.equator 赤道 17.horizon 地平线 18.tropical 热带的 19.subtropical 亚热带的 20.altitude 海拔 titude 纬度 22.longitude 经度 23.day length 白昼长度24.environmental conservation 环境 保护25.ecological balance 生态平衡 26.global warming 全球变暖 27.existence —exist 存在 28.extinction —extinct 灭绝 29.environmental issues 环境问题 30.global warming 全球变暖 31.greenhouse effect 温室效应 32.soil erosion--erode 水土流失、侵蚀33.acid rain 酸雨34.climate change 气候变化 35.deforestation 滥砍滥伐 36.air contamination 空气污染 37.air pollution 空气污染 38.water supply 水供给 39.hurricane 飓风 40.typhoon 台风41.El Nino 厄尔尼诺 42.earthquake 地震 43.volcano 火山 44.storm 暴风雨 45.thunder 打雷 46.lightening 闪电47.indigenous 当地的，本土的 48.human activity 人类活动 49.dweller 居民，村民 50.ecosystem 生态系统 51.humid 潮湿的 52.humidity 湿度 53.moisture 潮湿 54.rainfall 降雨量 55.fog 雾 56.frost 霜 57.hurricane 飓风 58.typhoon 台风 59.shower 雷阵雨 60.air pressure 气压61.axis 地轴 762.magnetic field 磁场63.deterioration of environment 环境 恶化64.avalanche 雪崩 65.mirage 海市蜃楼 66.innate 先天的，天生的 67.scenic 风景优美的 68.spectacle 奇观，景象 69.jungle 丛林 70.shrub 灌木丛 71.plateau 高地，高原 72.scenery 景色ndscape 风景，山水画；地形；前景74.plain 平原，草原75.iceberg 冰山；冷冰冰的人 76.mountain 山，山脉77.glacier 冰河78.deglaciation 冰川的消失 79.valley （山）谷，流域 80.peak 山顶 81.range 山脉 82.coast 海岸；滑坡 83.altitude 高度，海拔 84.watercourse 水道，河道 85.ethography 人种学 86.cosmography 宇宙志 87.geology 地质学，地质概况 88.oceanography 海洋学 89.vegetation 植被 90.continent 大陆，陆地 91.archipelago 群岛 92.peninsula 半岛 93.meadow 草地，牧场 94.valley （山）谷，流域 95.swamp 沼泽，湿地 goon 泻湖，礁湖97.moorland 沼泽地 98.desert 沙漠 99.dune 沙丘100.oasis （沙漠中的）绿洲 101.savanna 热带大草原 102.tundra 苔原，冻土地带 pass 罗盘104.meridian 子午线；正午 105.parallel 纬线106.longitude 经度，经线 titude 纬度 108.equator 赤道109.zenith 顶点，顶峰，天顶 110.inlet 小岛 111.gulf 海湾 112.cliff 悬崖，绝壁 113.sandbank 沙洲，沙丘 114.tempest 暴风雨 115.seaquake 海震，海啸 116.estuary 入海口117.torrent 急流，洪流 118.tributary 支流；支流的 119.confluent 汇合的 120.canal 运河 121.range 山脉 122.massif 群山，高地 123.crevice 裂缝 124.plateau 高原125.marine 海的；海上的；近海的 126.moist 湿润的，多雨的 127.ebb 退潮；衰落； 潮退，衰退 128.terrestrial 陆地 129.endemic 地方性的 130.subterranean 地下的 131.cavern 大山洞，大洞穴 132.Antarctic 南极的，南极地带的 133.Antarctica 南极洲 134.coastland 沿海岸地区 135.hemisphere 半球136.contour 轮廓，外形；海岸线137.lowland 低地，苏格兰低地； 138.navigation 航海 139.salinity 盐分，盐度140.elevation 高地；正面图；海拔 141.formation 形成，构成 142.geothermic 地热的143.tropic （天球的）回归线；热带 144.temperate 温和的 145.volcanic 火山的，像火山的 146.eruption 爆发147.outburst （火山，感情等）爆发， 喷出148.squirt 喷出149.magma （有机物或矿物的）稀 糊，岩浆150.fault 产生断层；断裂 151.crust 地壳 yer 层；阶层 153.lithosphere 岩石圈 154.lithogenous 岩成的155.mantle 地幔 156.stratum 地层 157.caraclysm 地震158.calamity 灾难，不幸事件 159.debacle 泛滥的洪水 160.deluge 洪水，大雨；使泛 滥，压倒161.magnitude 震级 162.seismology 地震学 163.seismic 地震的 164.earthquake 地震 165.tremor 震动，颤动 166.iceberg 冰山 167.glacier 冰河，冰川 168.diamond 钻石 169.crater 火山口；弹坑 170.core 果核；中心，核心 171.aluminum 铝172.geology 地质学，地质概况9173.petrify 石化；吓呆 174.fossil 化石 175.sediment 沉淀物 176.ore 矿石177.mineral 矿物，矿石 178.bonanza 富矿带 179.ruby 红宝石 va 熔岩，火山岩 181.limestone 石灰石 182.granite 花岗岩 183.emerald 绿宝石 184.fieldstone 散石，大卵石 185.gem 宝石，珍宝，精华；被 喜爱的人186.marble 大理石 187.pit 煤矿 188.borehole 钻孔 189.vein 矿脉。
托福阅读学科词汇
托福词汇汇总分学科词汇一parti.天文类1 ASTRONOMY 天文astronomy天文学astronomical 天文的astronomical observatory 天文台astronomer天文学家astrophysics 天文物理学astrology占星学pseudoscience 伪科学cosmos(universe)宇宙cosmology 宇宙学infinite无限的cosmic宇宙的cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射cosmic rays宇宙射线celestial 天的celestial body (heavenly body)天体celestial map (sky atlas) 天体图celestial sphere 天球dwarf (dwarf star) 矮星quasar类星体，类星射电源constellation 星座galaxy (Milky Way)新河系cluster 星团solar system 太阳系solar corona 日冕solar eclipse 日食solar radiation 太阳辐射planet行星planetoid (asteroid)小行星revolve 旋转，绕转twinkle 闪烁naked eye 肉眼Mercury 水星Venus金星Earth 地球Mars火星Jupiter 木星Saturn 土星Uranus天王星Neptune海王星Pluto冥王星orbit轨道spin 旋转satellite 卫星lunar 月球的meteor流星meteor shower 流星雨meteoroid流星体meteorite 陨石comet彗星space (outer space) 太空，外层空间spacecraft (spaceship)宇宙飞船spaceman ( astronaut) 宇航员，航天员space suit宇航服，航天服space shuttle航天飞机space telescope空间望远镜astronaut宇航员star恒星stellar恒星的intergalactic 星系间的interstellar恒星间的interplanetary 行星间的asteroid小行星nebula星云space debris太空垃圾ammonia 氨corona日冕chromosphere 色球photosphere 色球层convection zone 对流层vacuum真空infrared ray 红外线chondrite 球粒absolute magnitude 绝对量级radiation 辐射emission发射，散发high-resolution 高清晰度interferometer 干扰仪分学科词汇一part2.地理类GEOGRAPHY 地理geography 地理geographer地理学家hemisphere 半球meridian子午线，经线sediment沉淀物，沉积物parallel平行圈，纬线tropical热带的latitude 经度temperate温带的longitude 精度frigid 寒带的elevation 海拔formation 形成altitude 高度frost heaving冻胀现象temperate latitudes 温带地区fieldstone 卵石horizon地平线equator 赤道tropics热带地区学科词汇一part3.地质类Arctic北极geology地质学Antarctic(Antarctica)南极geologist地质学家expedition 探险crust地壳time zone 时区mantle地幔topography地形，地形学core地核plain平原continental crust 大陆地壳plateau (highland)高地oceanic crust海洋地壳lowland 低地layer (stratum,复数strata)地层basin盆地plate板块cavern (cave)洞穴fault断层terrain 地域fault plane 断层面subterranean ( underground)地底卜fault zone断层带coastland沿海地区rift (crack; split)断裂island岛屿disintegration (decomposition)分解continental island 大陆岛erosion 腐蚀volcanic island 火山岛fossil化石coral island 珊瑚岛igneous rock 火成岩islet小岛sedimentary rock 沉积岩peninsular 半岛metamorphic rock 变质岩continent 大陆quartz 石英continental shelf 大陆架limestone石灰岩ranges山脉marble大理石valley峡谷granite花岗岩canyon峡谷lithogenous 岩成的channel (strait)海峡lithosphere 岩石圈remote-sensing 遥感的magma岩浆terrestrial地球的，陆地的mineral 矿物terrestrial heat (geothermal) 地热ore矿石terrestrial magnetism (geomagnetism)地磁deposit 矿床continental drift大陆漂移学说platinum 白金，铂sea-floor spreading 海床扩展silver 银evaporation 蒸发copper黄铜salinity含盐度aluminum 铝ocean bottom 海床tin锡lead 铅zinc 锌nickel 镍mercury汞，水银sodium 钠gem宝石diamond 钻石emerald绿宝石ruby红宝石glacier 冰川glacial冰川的glacial epoch ( age, period) 冰川期glacial drift 冰渍iceberg 冰山volcano 火山active volcano 活火山extinct volcano 死火山dormant volcano 休眠火山eruption火山喷发crater 火山口lava火山岩浆volcanic火山的volcanic dust 火山尘volcanic ash 火山灰earthquake ( quake; tremor; seism)地震seismic地震的seismology 地震学magnitude 震级seismic wave 地震波cataclysm 灾变分学科词汇一part4.考古，人类anthropologist 人类学家paleoanthropologist 古人类学家ecological anthropologist 生态人类学家psychological anthropologist 心理人类学家origin 起源originate起源于ancestor 祖先hominid 人（科）homogeneous同一种族（种类）的tribe 部落clan氏族archeologist考古学家excavation 挖掘excavate (unearth)挖掘ruins 遗迹，废墟remains遗迹，遗骸artifact手工艺品relic遗物，文物antique古物，古董antiquity古代，古老Stone Age石器时代Bronze Age (青)铜器时代Iron Age铁器时代Paleolithic旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic新石器时代的archaeology 考古学anthropology 人类学morphology 形态学skull颅骨cranial颅骨的分学科词汇一part5.生态类5 ECOLOGY生态学ecologist生态学家ecosystem生态系统balance (of nature)自然界生态平衡fauna动物群flora植物群rain forest 雨林food chain食物链acid rain 酸雨greenhouse effect 温室效应infrared radiation 红外线辐射ozone layer (ozonosphere)臭氧层ultraviolet radiation 紫外辐射pollution 污染pollution control 污染控制air pollution空气污染water pollution 水污染noise pollution 噪音污染soil pollution 土壤污染pollution-free 无污染pollutant污染物noxious (toxic)有毒的fumes (有毒)废气waste废物solid waste固体垃圾sewage (wastewater)污水sewage purification 污水净化sewage disposal 污水处理decibel (噪音)分贝分学科词汇_part6气象类Meteorology 气象meteorology 气象meteorologist 气象学家forecast (predict)预才艮climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层current (气)流vapor蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp (wet; moist; humid)潮湿的humidity 湿度moisture潮湿；水分saturate 饱和dew 露frost 霜fog (mist)雾smog 烟雾droplet小水珠condense 浓缩crystal水晶体downpour (torrential rain)大雨tempest (storm)暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard (snowstorm)暴风雪avalanche (snowslide)雪崩precipitation (雨、露、雪等)降水breeze微风gale大风whirlwind 旋风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风tornado (twister, cyclone)龙卷风funnel 漏斗，漏斗云disaster (calamity, catastrophe)灾难devastation 破坏submerge 淹没drought 旱灾分学科词汇(word,mp3)----part7化学类chemistry 化学chemical property化学特性，化学性质chemical composition ( makeup )化学成分chemical agent 化学试剂chemical reaction 化学反应chemical change 化学变化chemical bond 化学键chemical apparatus 化学器械substance (matter; material)物质element 元素periodic table 周期表hydrogen 氢oxygen 氧nitrogen 氮helium 氦carbon 碳calcium 钙silicon 硅sulfur 硫iodine 碘compound化合物hydrocarbon碳氢化合物derivative 衍生物alchemy炼金术petroleum (oil)石油petroleum products 石油产品crude oil 原油refine提炼，精炼gasoline 汽油methane 甲烷solution 溶液dissolve 溶解solvent 溶剂solubility 可溶性cohesive聚合力adhesive粘合力atom原子nucleus原子核electron 电子neutron 中子proton质子molecule 分子particle 粒子ion 离子particle accelerator 粒子加速器catalysis (复数catalyses)催化作用catalyst催化剂artificial 人造的synthetic合成的synthetic fiber 人造纤维polymer 聚合物polymerization 聚合作用plastic 塑料dye染料cosmetics化妆品分学科词汇一part8物理类8．PHYSICS 物理physics 物理mechanics 力学thermodynamics 热力学acoustics 声学electromagnetism 电磁学optics光学dynamics动力学force 力velocity 速度acceleration 力口速度equilibrium 平衡statics静力学motion运动inertia 惯性gravitation 弓|力relativity 相对gravity地心引力vibration 震动medium (media)媒质frequency 频率wavelength 波长pitch音高intensity 强度echo 回声resonance回声，洪亮sonar声纳ultrasonics 超声学electricity 电static electricity 静电magnetism磁性，磁力magnet磁体electromagnet 电磁magnetic field 磁场electric current 电流direct current (DC)直流电alternating current (AC)交流电electric circuit 电路electric charge 电荷electric voltage 电压electric shock 触电electric appliance 电器conductor 导体insulator绝缘体semiconductor 半导体battery (cell)电池dry battery 干电池storage battery 蓄电池electronics 电子学electronic 电子的electronic component (part) 电子零件integrated circuit 集成电路chip 集成电器片，集成块electron tube 电子管vacuum tube 真空管transistor 晶体管amplification (名词)放大amplify (动词)放大amplifier放大器，扬声器oscillation 震荡optical光(学)的optical fiber光学纤维lens 透镜，镜片convex凸透镜concave凹透镜microscope 显微镜telescope望远镜magnifier放大镜spectrum 光谱ultraviolet紫夕卜线X rays X射线Gamma rays Y射线infrared rays红夕卜线microwaves 微波dispersion 色散transparent 透明translucent 半透明opaque不透明的divide除以algebra 代数quantity表示量的数（或符号）equation方程式，等式formula 公式root 根geometry 几何geometric几何的dimension 维parallel adj.平行的n.平行线quadrilateral 四边形square 正方形area面积rectangle长方形，矩形polygon多边形cube 立方形volume体积分学科词汇一part9数学类9 MATHEMATICS mathematics 数字mathematician 数字豕arithmetic 算术calculation 计算calculator 计算器abacus算盘numeral 数字sum和total (sum total)总和，总数aggregate 总计fraction分数，小数decimal 十进位，(十进)小数digit数字，数位percentage 百分比addition 加法plus加上subtraction 减法minus 减去sphere球形circle圆形ellipse (oval)椭圆形cone圆锥形circumference 圆周diameter 直径radius半径triangle 三角形angle 角degree (角)度calculus微积分differential calculus 微分学integral calculus 积分学function 函数probability 概率statistics 统计quantitative量的，数量的qualitative质的，质量的deduction (inference)推论，演绎induction 归纳multiplication 乘法multiplication table 乘法表multiply 乘以times乘以power乘方square平方division 除法分学科词汇_part10农业类10 AGRICULTURE 农业agriculture (farming)农业agricultural 农业的land (soil) 土壤；土地soil conservation 土壤保护hydroponics水栽法，营养液栽培法soil erosion 泥土流失greenhouse(glasshouse, hotbed)温室silt粉砂，泥沙cabbage 洋白菜clay 黏土，湿土lettuce 生菜clod 土块mustard 芥菜agrarian 土地的，农业的spinach 菠菜pilot (experimental )试验性的broccoli花椰菜harrow( rake)耙，耙土cucumber 黄瓜ridge田埂eggplant 茄子furrow犁沟pepper辣椒plot (patch)小块地pumpkin 南瓜ranch农场，牧场tomato西红柿plantation 种植园beet 甜菜orchard 果园carrot胡萝卜nursery 苗圃radish小红萝卜seedbed 苗床pea 豌豆sickle 镰刀soybean 大豆spade 铲，锹celery 芹菜shovel (平头) 铲garlic大蒜pick 稿leek韭菜tractor拖拉机onion洋葱头cultivate (till)耕作potato 土豆sow(seed)播种peanut 花生harvest 收割sesame芝麻weed除草cotton棉花irrigate 灌溉husbandry (animal husbandry) 畜牧业manurefertilizer)月肥料pasture 牧场spray喷洒（农药）livestock 家畜insecticide(pesticide)杀虫剂fowl (poultry)家禽pest害虫cattle牛，家畜rust锈病buffalo 野牛grain (cereal)谷物，谷粒dairy (dairy cattle) 奶牛granary(grain store)粮仓dairy farm 孚L牛场mill碾，磨hay （作饲料用）干草wheat小麦haystack干草堆corn玉米fodder (feed)饲料rice 大米trough饲料槽barley大麦barn(shed)牲口槽sorghum 高粱stable厩，马厩oats燕麦cowshed 牛棚rye黑麦pigpen (hog pen, pigsty)猪圈millet粟，小米sheepfold (sheep pen)羊栏vegetable 蔬菜roost (hen house)鸡舍horticulture 园艺学fish farm养鱼场aquaculture水产养殖分学科词汇--partll动物类11 ANIMAL 动物Darvinism达尔文学说natural selection 自然选择class 纲order 目family 科genus 属suborder 亚目species 种invertebrate无脊椎动物vertebrate脊椎动物aquatic（ life）水生动物reptile爬行动物amphibian （amphibious animal）两栖动物dinosaur 恐龙bird鸟类extinction 灭绝mammal哺乳动物primates灵长目动物insect昆虫antenna （复数antennae）触须larva幼虫，幼体camouflage 伪装pest害虫worm虫，蠕虫hibernate 冬眠lizard蜥蜴chameleon变色蜥蜴regeneration 再生turtle 龟beast野兽domesticate 驯养predatory （carnivorous ）食肉的predator捕食者prey （动词）捕食（名词）被捕食的动物scavenger食腐动物migrate 迁移wing翅膀，翼bill （鸟）嘴beak （鹰等的）嘴nest筑巢dolphin 海豚whale 鲸鱼bat蝙蝠gorilla大猩猩chimpanzee 黑猩猩habitat栖息地rodent啮齿动物（如松鼠）primate灵长动物plankton浮游生物mollusk软体动物coelenterate腔肠动物（如珊瑚）shrimp小虾prawn对虾lobster 对虾crab螃蟹clam 蛤蜊sponge海绵coral珊瑚starfish 海星canary金丝雀chirp （鸟，虫的叫声）唧唧squeak （老鼠等）吱吱porpoise海月豕sloth树懒slothful懒惰的hygiene 卫生sanitation 卫生parasite寄生虫moth 蛾caterpillar 毛虫hordes （昆虫等）群swarms （昆虫等）群flock （鸟，羊等）群community动物的群落或人的部落herd兽群bunch （花等）束，捧beaver海狸monogamous 一夫一妻的，一雄一雌的polygamous 一夫多妻的，一雄多雌的polyandrous 一妻多夫的，一雌多雄的trapper诱捕动物者rhinoceros 犀牛peel(skin)果皮 shell (硬) 果壳husk (干)果壳；(玉米)苞叶 trunk 树干 branch 树枝 bough 大或者粗的树枝twig 小树枝bark 树皮jungle 丛林lawn 草坪meadow 草地，牧场prairie 大草原shrub (bush)灌木cluster 一簇(灌木)fern 蕨类植物herb 草 photosynthesis 光合作用 symbiosis 共生 wither (shrivel, fade)凋谢 pollen 花粉pollinate 传授花粉pollination 授粉cell 细胞 tissue 组织organ 器官 system 系统 seeds 种子 everlasting 永久的 orchid 兰花 pollinate 授粉 crossbreed 杂交 shrub 灌木 sequoia 红杉 root pressure 根压 cohesion-tension 凝聚压力 bore 腔，肠 column 花柱 symbiotic 共生的 immunity 免疫 organism 生物，有机物 necrosis 坏死 barren 贫瘠 futile 无用的 carbohydrate (starch)碳水化合物(淀粉)，niche 小生态环境vestige 退化器官，遗迹 oyster 牡蛎fertilizer 使…受精larvae 幼虫tentacle 触角homotherm 恒温动物poikilotherm 变温动物metabolism 新陈代谢 baboon狒狒breed （名词）品种，（动词）繁殖 multiply （reproduce ）繁殖 hatch 孵spawn （鱼、虾、蛙等）孵offspring （young ）解剖学anatomy 解剖学appetite 食欲creature 生物microbe 微生物herbivorous 食草的carnivorous 食肉的omnivorous 杂事的分学科词汇_part12植物类 12 PLANT 植物 botany 植物学 botanist 植物学家 botanical (botanic)植物的 plant 植物 aquatic plant 水生植物 parasite plant 寄生植物 root 根 canopy 树冠层，顶棚 foliage (leaf)叶 leaflet 小叶 rosette (叶的)丛生 stem 茎 stalk 杆 leafstalk 叶柄 shoot (sprout )嫩芽，抽枝 flower 花 bud 花蕾 petal 花瓣糖类glucose葡萄糖starch淀粉fat脂肪protein 蛋白质vitamin维他命calorie卡路里（热量单位）malnourished 营养不良的nutrition 营养military军事的colonize拓殖，殖民per capita 人均treason 叛国conspiracy 阴谋imprisonment 监禁release 释放pardon特赦accusation谴责，指控welfare 福利patronage资助，赞助分学科词汇--partl3政治类13 POLITICS 政治constitution 宪法unionization 联合，结合legislation 立法Democrats民主党Republicans 共和党Amendment修正案Congress美国国会Senate参议院House of Representatives 众议院monarchy 君主制anarchism无政府主义federal system 联邦制presidential system 总统制municipal市的，市政的metropolitan大都市的centralized中央集权的ideology意识形态maneuver 擦略tariff关税immigrant 移民institutionalize 机构化election 选举vote投票officeholding 任职veto否决American Revolution美国革命/独立战争Independence War美国独立战争American Civil War 美国内战radical激进的，根本的overturning颠覆性的independent 独立的breathtaking激动人心的分学科词汇_part14教育类14EDUCATION 教育educator教育家higher education 高等教育moral character 道德品质domain领域faculty全体教员alumni校友treasurer生活委员，财务大臣elective system 选课制度curriculum课程（总称）discipline学科，管理learn by rote死记硬背分学科词汇一part15音乐类15MUSIC 音乐musical instrument 乐器orchestra 乐队string弦乐wind管乐shook rattle摇拨浪鼓pound drum 击鼓footbeat点脚，跺脚percussion震荡，打击乐器note音符score乐谱movement 乐章fanatical狂热的hillbilly music 乡村音乐folk music民间音乐claw 爪子pop music流行音乐horn 角classical music 古典音乐nourish 滋养,供给 .. 营养Jazz 爵士乐clam 蚌crab 虾beaver 狸分学科词汇_part16心理类pond 池塘PSYCHOLOGY 心理puddle 水坑mental心理的snail 蜗牛physical身体的，物质的，物理的shrimp 虾spiritual心灵的hormone 荷尔蒙conformity 从众intestine 肠majority 多数人corn 谷物minority少数人squash 南瓜threshold judgment （心理学）初始性判断bean 豆类植物subject受实验对象nectar花蜜pollen花粉hive 蜂巢托福阅读历年真题文章题材:生物类moss 苔藓（一）生物类：hibernate 冬眠chlorophyll 叶绿素penguin 企鹅amino acids 氨基酸reef 礁protein 蛋白质coral 珊瑚nitrogen 氮beak 鸟嘴photosynthetic(adj.) photosynthesis(n.) 光enzymes 酵母合作用larvae 幼虫botany植物学tadpole 蝌蚪botanist 植物学家caterpillar 毛虫lichen 地衣,苔藓grasshopper 蚱蜢fungus(pl. fungi ) 菌类toad 蟾蜍algae(pl. alga) 海藻herbicide 除草剂bacterium(pl.bacteria) 细菌secretion(n.) secrete(v.) 分泌organism 有机物pancreas 胰腺rodent 啮齿类动物odor 气味primate 灵长类动物roe 鱼卵mammal 哺乳类动物caviar 鱼子酱reptile 爬行类动物raccoon 浣熊predator 捕食者gland 腺体prey 被捕食者cricket 蟋蟀aquatic 水生的artery 动脉vein 静脉fingernail 指甲scale 鳞片。
TPO阅读高频单词
单词频率音标释义occur15[ə'kɜː]vi. 发生；出现sediment14['sedɪm(ə)nt]n. 沉积；沉淀物relatively14['relətɪvlɪ]adv. 相对地，比较地deposit13[dɪ'pɒzɪt]n. 沉淀物，存款 v. 沉淀；存放invoke13[ɪn'vəʊk]vt. 引起；恳求primarily12['praɪm(ə)rɪlɪ]adv. 首要地，根本上organism12['ɔːg(ə)nɪz(ə)m]n. 生物体；微生物emerge11[ɪ'mɜːdʒ]vi.出现，浮现contain11[kən'teɪn]vi. 含有，包含identify11[aɪ'dentɪfaɪ]vt. 确定；识别occupy10['ɒkjʊpaɪ]v. 占据，占领extensive10[ɪk'stensɪv]adj. 广泛的；广阔的virtually10['vɜːtjʊəlɪ]adv. 事实上，实质上reveal10[rɪ'viːl]v. 揭露；暴露originate10[ə'rɪdʒɪneɪt]vi. 发源；创作available9[ə'veɪləb(ə)l]adj. 有效的，可利用的estimate9['estɪmeɪt]v. 估计，估价dominant9['dɒmɪnənt]adj. 显性的；占优势的，支配的considerable9[kən'sɪd(ə)rəb(ə)adj. 相当大的；重要的evolve9[ɪ'vɒlv]v. 发展，进化favorable8['feɪvərəbl]adj. 有利的；良好的；讨人喜欢的original8[ə'rɪdʒɪn(ə)l]n. 原件；原型 a dj. 原始的；最初的；独创的expansion8[ɪk'spænʃ(ə)n]n. 膨胀；扩张物nutrient8['njuːtrɪənt]n. 营养物；滋养物 a dj. 营养的；滋养的device8[dɪ'vaɪs]n. 装置various8['veərɪəs]adj. 各种各样的；多方面的visual8['vɪʒjʊəl]adj. 视觉的，视力的enhance8[ɪn'hɑːns]vt. 提高；加强construction8[kən'strʌkʃ(ə)n]n. 建设；建筑物massive8['mæsɪv]adj. 大量的；巨大的generate8['dʒenəreɪt]vt. 使形成；发生constantly8['kɒnst(ə)ntlɪ]adv. 不断地tend to7易于；有…的倾向consist of7由…构成define7[dɪ'faɪn]vt. 定义；使明确contribute to7[kənˈtrɪbjut tu]有助于；捐献previously7['priviəsli]adv. 以前；预先climatic7[klaɪ'mætɪk]adj. 气候的；气候上的potential7[pəˈtenʃl]n. 潜能 a dj. 潜在的；可能的vegetation7[vedʒɪ'teɪʃ(ə)n]n. 植被；植物，草木accumulate7[ə'kjuːmjʊleɪt]v. 累积；积聚expose7[ɪk'spəʊz; ek-]vt. 揭露，使曝光detect7[dɪ'tekt]vt. 发现；探测adaptation7[ædəp'teɪʃ(ə)n]n. 适应；改编substance7['sʌbst(ə)ns]n. 物质；实质primary7['praɪm(ə)rɪ]adj. 主要的；基本的attempt to7企图；试图做某事predator7['predətə]n. 捕食者；掠夺者preserve7[prɪ'zɜːv]v. 保存；保护observe7[əb'zɜːv]vi. 观察,注意到concentration7[kɒns(ə)n'treɪʃ(ə)n. 集合；专心exploit7[ɪk'splɒɪt]vt. 开发，开采composition7[kɒmpə'zɪʃ(ə)n]n. 作文，构成penetrate7['penɪtreɪt]vt. 渗透；穿透route7[ruːt]n. 路线；航线shift7[ʃɪft]n. 移动；变化 v. 移动；转变inhabitant7[ɪn'hæbɪt(ə)nt]n. 居民；居住者maintain7[meɪn'teɪn; mən'vt. 维持；维修internal7[ɪn'tɜːn(ə)l]adj. 内部的；内在的productivity7[prɒdʌk'tɪvɪtɪ]n. 生产力surplus7['sɜːpləs]n. 剩余；盈余 a dj. 剩余的；过剩的diversity6[daɪ'vɜːsɪtɪ]n. 多样化melt6[melt]n. 熔化 v. 熔化，溶解refine6[rɪ'faɪn]vt. 精炼，提纯accompany6[ə'kʌmpənɪ]v. 陪伴，伴奏modify6['mɒdɪfaɪ]vt. 修改，修饰alternative6[ɔːl'tɜːnətɪv]n. 供替代的选择 a dj. 供选择的；选择性的sufficient6[sə'fɪʃ(ə)nt]adj. 足够的；充分的abundant6[ə'bʌnd(ə)nt]adj. 丰富的；充裕的subsequent6['sʌbsɪkw(ə)nt]adj. 后来的，随后的capacity6[kə'pæsɪtɪ]n. 能力；容量cultivation6[kʌltɪ'veɪʃn]n. 培养；耕作erosion6[ɪ'rəʊʒ(ə)n]n. 侵蚀，腐蚀severe6[sɪ'vɪə]adj. 严峻的；严厉的prior to6在……之前ancestor6['ænsestə]n. 始祖，祖先enormous6[iˈnɔ:məs]adj. 巨大的，庞大的dominate6['dɒmɪneɪt]v. 占优势；处于支配地位decline6[dɪ'klaɪn]v/n. 下降；衰退transform6[træns'fɔːm]v. 改变，变换observation6[ɒbzə'veɪʃ(ə)n]n. 观察property6['prɒpətɪ]n. 财产；所有权access6['鎘ses]n. 进入 v t. 使用；接近religious6[rɪ'lɪdʒəs]adj. 宗教的dense6[dens]adj. 稠密的；浓厚的expand6[ɪk'spænd]vt. 扩张；使膨胀；展开assume6[ə'sjuːm]vt. 承担；假定sequence6['siːkw(ə)ns]n. 序列；顺序continuous6[kən'tɪnjʊəs]adj. 连续的，持续的distinctive6[dɪ'stɪŋ(k)tɪv]adj. 有特色的，与众不同的episode6['epɪsəʊd]n. 插曲；一段情节boundary6['baʊnd(ə)rɪ]n. 边界；分界线retreat6[rɪ'triːt]v/n. 撤退variation6[veərɪ'eɪʃ(ə)n]n. 变化；变异propose5[prə'pəʊz]v. 建议；打算characteristic5[kærəktə'rɪstɪk]n. 特征；特性 a dj. 典型的；特有的function5['fʌŋ(k)ʃ(ə)n]n. 功能；职责saturate5['sætʃəreɪt]adj. 浸透的，饱和的 v t. 浸透，使饱和precipitation5[prɪ,sɪpɪ'teɪʃ(ə)n]n. 沉淀particle5['pɑːtɪk(ə)l]n. 颗粒；质点volume5['vɒljuːm]n. 量；体积 a dj. 大量的dissolve5[dɪ'zɒlv]v. 溶解；解散；消失proportion5[prə'pɔːʃ(ə)n]n. 比例；部分tension5['tenʃ(ə)n]n. 张力，拉力；紧张 v t. 使紧张；使拉紧vary5['veərɪ]vi. 变化；改变evaporate5[ɪ'væpəreɪt]v. 蒸发，挥发livestock5['laɪvstɒk]n. 牲畜；家畜density5['densɪtɪ]n. 密度visible5[ˈvɪzəbl]adj. 明显的；看得见的assemble5[ə'semb(ə)l]vt. 集合，装配withstand5[wɪð'stænd]v. 抵挡；禁得起；反抗vital5['vaɪt(ə)l]adj. 至关重要的；有活力的span5[sp鎛]n. 跨度，跨距 v. 跨越adopt5[ə'dɒpt] vt. 采取；收养impressive5[ɪm'presɪv]adj. 给人以深刻印象的promising5['prɒmɪsɪŋ]adj. 有希望的，有前途的solution5[sə'luːʃ(ə)n]n. 解决方案；溶液fragile5['frædʒaɪl]adj. 脆的；易碎的succession5[sək'seʃ(ə)n]n. 连续；继位；演替refer to5参考；指的是survival5[sə'vaɪv(ə)l]n. 幸存（者），残存depict5[dɪ'pɪkt]vt. 描述；描画consistent5[kən'sɪst(ə)nt]adj. 始终如一的，一致的drift5[drɪft]n. 漂流 v. 漂流，漂泊manufacture5[mænjʊ'fæktʃə]n. 制造；制造业absorb5[əb'zɔːb]vt. 吸收；使…全神贯注accumulation5[əkjuːmjʊ'leɪʃ(ə)n n. 累加facilitate5[fə'sɪlɪteɪt]vt. 促进；帮助approach5[ə'prəʊtʃ]n. 方法；途径 v. 接近；着手处理promote5[prə'məʊt]vt. 促进；提升reliable5[rɪ'laɪəb(ə)l]adj. 可靠的；可信赖的account for5对…做出解释terrestrial5[tə'restrɪəl]adj. 地球的；陆地的innovation5[ɪnə'veɪʃ(ə)n]n. 创新，革新productive5[prə'dʌktɪv]adj. 生产的，多产的occasionally5[ə'keɪʒ(ə)n(ə)lɪ ]adv. 偶尔；间或division5[dɪ'vɪʒ(ə)n]n. 部门；分割annual5['ænjʊəl]adj. 每年一次的disperse5[dɪ'spɜːs]v. 分散；使散开；传播interaction5[ɪntər'ækʃ(ə)n]n. 相互作用；交互作用evaporation5[ɪ,væpə'reɪʃən]n. 蒸发；消失collapse5[kə'læps]n. 倒塌；失败 v. 倒塌；崩溃permanent5['pɜːm(ə)nənt]adj. 永久的，永恒的dramatic4[drə'mætɪk]adj. 戏剧的；引人注目的slope4[sləʊp]n. 斜坡；倾斜；vertical4['vɜːtɪk(ə)l]adj. 垂直的，直立的semiarid4[,sem(a)ɪ'ærɪd]a dj. 半干旱的moisture4['mɒɪstʃə]n. 水分；潮湿elevation4[,elɪ'veɪʃ(ə)n]n. 高地；海拔graze4[greɪz]vi. 吃草；擦伤 n. 放牧；轻擦sufficiently4[sə'fɪʃəntlɪ]adv. 充分地；足够地striking4['straɪkɪŋ]adj. 显著的，惊人的equatorial4[,ekwə'tɔːrɪəl]adj. （近）赤道的take advantage 4利用，占…的便宜ritual4['rɪtʃʊəl]n. 仪式 adj. 仪式的perceive4[pə'siːv]v. 察觉，感觉explore4[ɪk'splɔː]v. 探索；探测；探险emergence4[ɪ'mɜːdʒ(ə)ns]n. 出现lava4['lɑːvə]n. 火山岩浆cavity4['kævɪtɪ]n. 腔；洞ecological4[iːkə'lɒdʒɪk(ə)l]adj. 生态的，生态学的specific4[spə'sɪfɪk]n. 特性 a dj. 特定的；明确的；详细的vast4[vɑːst]adj. 巨大的；大量的susceptible4[sə'septɪb(ə)l]adj. 易受影响的；易感动的vulnerable4['vʌln(ə)rəb(ə)l]a dj. 易受攻击的；易受伤害的adjust to4调节；调整以适应intermediate4[,ɪntə'miːdɪət]n. 媒介 adj. 中间的embed4[ɪm'bed; em-]vt. 栽种；使嵌入，使深留脑中yield4[jiːld]n. 产量 v. 屈服；出产scarce4[skeəs]adj. 缺乏的，不足的initial4[ɪ'nɪʃəl]adj. 最初的retain4[rɪ'teɪn]v. 保持portion4['pɔːʃ(ə)n]n. 部分；一份shallow4['ʃæləʊ]adj. 浅的format4['fɔːmæt]n. 格式；版式combine4[kəm'baɪn]v. 结合；化合component4[kəm'pəʊnənt]n. 成分；组件enclose4[ɪn'kləʊz]vt. 围绕；（装入）封套dramatically4[drə'mætɪkəlɪ]adv. 戏剧地；引人注目地a variety of4种种；各种各样的…pattern4['pæt(ə)n]n. 样式；样品release4[rɪ'liːs]v. 释放stretch4[stretʃ]v. 伸展，延伸destruction4[dɪ'strʌkʃ(ə)n]n. 破坏，毁灭explosion4[ɪk'spləʊʒ(ə)n]n. 爆炸；爆发individual4[ɪndɪ'vɪdjʊ(ə)l]n. 个人，个体 a dj. 个人的consume4[kən'sjuːm]v. 消耗，消费excavate4['ekskəveɪt]v. 挖掘；发掘engrave4[ɪn'greɪv]vt. 雕刻；铭记conduct4['kɒndʌkt]n. 行为 v t. 引导；导电，表现consciously4['kɔnʃəsli]adv. 自觉地；有意识地principal4['prɪnsəp(ə)l]adj. 主要的 n. 首长organic4[ɔː'gænɪk]adj. 有机的；器官的justify4['dʒʌstɪfaɪ]vt. 证明…是正当的continental4[kɒntɪ'nent(ə)l]adj. 大陆的substantial4[səb'stænʃ(ə)l]adj. 大量的；实质的mineral4['mɪn(ə)r(ə)l]n. 矿物 a dj. 矿物的；矿质的tissue4['tɪsjuː]n. 组织；纸巾tropical4['trɒpɪk(ə)l]adj. 热带的scatter4['skætə]v. 分散，散开arise4[ə'raɪz]vi. 出现；上升；起义proceed4[prə'siːd]vi. 继续进行，开始silt4[sɪlt]n. 淤泥，泥沙fertile4['fɜːtaɪl]adj. 富饶的，肥沃的military4['mɪlɪt(ə)rɪ]n. 军队；军人 a dj. 军事的；军人的rural4['rʊər(ə)l]adj. 农村的，乡下的complexity4[kəm'pleksətɪ]n. 复杂，复杂性prosperous4['prɒsp(ə)rəs]adj. 繁荣的；兴旺的fluctuation4[,flʌktʃʊ'eɪʃ(ə)n; -n. 起伏，波动hypothesis4[haɪ'pɒθɪsɪs]n. 假设initially4[ɪ'nɪʃ(ə)lɪ]adv. 最初，首先；开头conventional4[kən'venʃ(ə)n(ə)l adj. 传统的；惯例的abundance4[ə'bʌnd(ə)ns]n. 充裕，丰富imply4[ɪm'plaɪ]vt. 意味；暗示coastal4['kəʊstl]adj. 沿海的；海岸的random4['rændəm]n. 随意；随机 a dj.随机的；任意的classify4['klæsɪfaɪ]vt. 分类；分等notably4['nəʊtəblɪ]adv. 显著地；尤其stimulate4['stɪmjʊleɪt]vt. 刺激；激励vessel4['ves(ə)l]n. 脉管，血管；容器interval4['ɪntəv(ə)l]n. 间隔；间距merchant4['mɜːtʃ(ə)nt]n. 商人4以…为代价；at the expense omechanism4['mek(ə)nɪz(ə)m]n. 机制；机械装置precise4[prɪ'saɪs]adj. 精确的；明确的reproductive4[,riːprə'dʌktɪv]adj. 生殖的，繁殖的derive4[dɪ'raɪv]v. 源于；得自inadequate4[ɪn'ædɪkwət]adj. 不充分的，不适当的commercial4[kə'mɜːʃ(ə)l]adj. 商业的considerably4[kən'sɪd(ə)rəblɪ]adv. 相当地；非常地multiple4['mʌltɪpl]n. 倍数 a dj. 多重的；多样的association4[əsəʊsɪ'eɪʃ(ə)n; -n. 协会，联盟implication4[ɪmplɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n]n. 含义；暗示presumably4[prɪ'zjuːməblɪ]adv. 大概；推测起来forage4['fɒrɪdʒ]n. 饲料；草料 v. 搜寻粮草previous4['priːvɪəs]adj. 以前的；早先的transfer4[træns'fɜː; trɑːns v. 转移，转让switch4[swɪθ]v. 转换adaptive4[ə'dæptɪv]adj. 适应的，适合的distribute4[dɪ'strɪbjuːt; 'dɪst vt. 分配；散布invade4[ɪn'veɪd]v. 侵略；侵犯medium4['miːdɪəm]n. 方法；媒介 a dj. 中间的，中等的diminish4[dɪ'mɪnɪʃ]v. 减少，缩小efficient4[ɪ'fɪʃ(ə)nt]n. 效率；效能extreme3[ɪk'striːm]adj. 极端的；极度的；偏激的 n. 极端；twist3[twɪst]v. 扭动；弯曲 n. 扭曲；扭伤latitude3['lætɪtjuːd]n. 纬度origin3['ɒrɪdʒɪn]n. 起源；出身entertainment3[entə'teɪnm(ə)nt]n. 娱乐；款待aesthetic3[iːs'θetɪk]adj. 美的；美学的gradually3['grædʒʊlɪ]adv. 逐步地；渐渐地fundamental3[fʌndə'ment(ə)l]adj. 基本的，根本的seek to3争取；力图rely on3依靠，依赖appear to3似乎，好像cease to3停止circulate3['sɜːkjʊleɪt]v. 传播，流传；循环tiny3['taɪnɪ]adj. 微小的；很少的glacial3['gleɪʃ(ə)l]adj. 冰川的；冰冷的drain3[dreɪn]n. 排水；下水道，排水管 v. 排水；流干water table3地下水位impact3['ɪmpækt]n. 影响；冲击 v. 冲击；产生影响accomplish3[ə'kʌmplɪʃ]vt. 完成；实现drainage3['dreɪnɪdʒ]n. 排水；排水系统tremendous3[trɪ'mendəs]adj. 极大的，巨大的remain3[rɪ'meɪn]n. 遗迹；残骸（s） v. 保持；剩余reconstruct3[riːkən'strʌkt]vt. 重建；改造conceal3[kən'siːl]vt. 隐藏；隐瞒spectator3[spek'teɪtə]n. 观众；旁观者appropriate3[ə'prəʊprɪət]adj. 适当的symbolic3[sɪm'bɒlɪk]adj. 象征的；符号的utilize3['ju:tilaiz]vt. 利用texture3['tekstʃə]n. 质地；纹理；结构element3['elɪm(ə)nt]n. 元素；要素client3['klaɪənt]n. 客户；委托人contemporary3[kən'temp(ə)r(ər)adj. 当代的；同时代的objective3[əb'dʒektɪv]n. 目的；目标 a dj. 客观的；目标的comparable3['kɒmp(ə)rəb(ə)l]adj. 可比较的；比得上的separate3['sep(ə)reɪt]vt./vi.（使）分离；（使）分居interior3[ɪn'tɪɜːrɪə]adj. 内部的，内在的originally3[əˈrɪdʒənəli]adv. 最初，起初segment3['segm(ə)nt]n. 段；部分extensively3[ik'stensivli]adv. 广阔地；广大地depletion3[dɪ'pliːʃn]n. 消耗；损耗drastically3['dræstikəli]adv. 彻底地；激烈地drill3[drɪl]n. 训练；钻孔机 v. 钻孔；训练；genetic3[dʒɪ'netɪk]adj. 遗传的；基因的extend3[ɪk'stend; ek-]vi. 延伸；伸展inhabit3[ɪn'hæbɪt]v. 栖息；居住于encounter3[ɪn'kaʊntə]vi. 遭遇；偶然相遇intensity3[ɪn'tensɪtɪ]n. 强度；强烈critical3['krɪtɪk(ə)l]adj. 批评的，批判的plentiful3['plentɪfʊl]adj. 丰富的；许多的resistant3[rɪ'zɪstənt]adj. 抵抗的，反抗的 n. 抵抗者settle3['set(ə)l]v. 定居transport3[træn'spɔːt]v/n. 运输disturbance3[dɪ'stɜːb(ə)ns]n. 干扰；骚乱associate3[ə'səʊʃɪeɪt]vi. 交往；联合intact3[ɪn'tækt]adj. 完整的；原封不动的invasion3[ɪn'veɪʒ(ə)n]n. 入侵，侵犯resistance3[rɪ'zɪst(ə)ns]n. 阻力；电阻；抵抗；tolerate3['tɒləreɪt]vt. 忍受；宽恕branch3[brɑːn(t)ʃ]n. 树枝，分枝expedition3[ekspɪ'dɪʃ(ə)n]n. 远征fluctuate3['flʌktʃʊeɪt]v. 波动；动摇habitat3['hæbɪtæt]n. 栖息地，产地profound3[prə'faʊnd]adj. 深厚的；意义深远的interpret3[ɪn'tɜ:prɪt]vi. 解释；说明represent3[reprɪ'zent]v. 代表reflect3[rɪ'flekt]v. 反映;深思be capable of3能够plastic3['plæstɪk]n. 塑料制品 a dj. 塑料的；signal3['sɪgn(ə)l]n. 信号 a dj. 显著的；作为信号的 v. 发信号trap3[tr鎝]n. 陷阱；圈套 v. 诱捕；设陷阱die out3灭绝；消失normally3['nɔːm(ə)lɪ]adv. 正常地，一般地deficient3[dɪ'fɪʃ(ə)nt]adj. 不足的；有缺陷的exhibit3[ɪg'zɪbɪt]v. 展览；显示toxic3['tɒksɪk]adj. 有毒的；中毒的investigation3[ɪn,vestɪ'geɪʃ(ə)n n. 调查；调查研究excavation3[ekskə'veɪʃ(ə)n]n. 挖掘，发掘domesticate3[də'mestɪkeɪt]vt. 驯养；教化；引进infer3[ɪn'fɜː]v. 推断；推论colonize3['kɔlənaiz]v. 开拓殖民地；移居于殖民地maritime3['mærɪtaɪm]adj.海事的，海的migration3[maɪ'greɪʃ(ə)n]n. 迁移；移民navigate3['nævɪgeɪt]vt. 航行，航空prevail3[prɪ'veɪl]v. 流行;获胜decomposition3[,diːkɒmpə'zɪʃn]n. 分解，腐烂distribution3[dɪstrɪ'bjuːʃ(ə)n]n. 分布；分配slightly3['slaɪtlɪ]adv. 些微地，轻微地availability3[ə,veɪlə'bɪlətɪ]n. 可用性；有效性harness3['hɑːnɪs]v. 治理eliminate3[ɪ'lɪmɪneɪt]vt. 消除；排除consumption3[kən'sʌm(p)ʃ(ə)n n. 消费；消耗merely3['mɪəlɪ]adv. 仅仅，只不过principle3['prɪnsɪp(ə)l]n. 原理，原则textile3['tekstaɪl]n. 纺织品，织物distinguish3[dɪ'stɪŋgwɪʃ]vt. 区分；辨别；使杰出extinction3[ɪk'stɪŋ(k)ʃ(ə)n; e n. 消失；灭绝temporal3['temp(ə)r(ə)l]adj. 暂时的；当时的；现世的n. 转化；转换transformation3[trænsfə'meɪʃ(ə)nextract3[ˈekstrækt]n. 摘录；选粹 v. 提取；榨取，摘录geologic3[,dʒɪəʊ'lɒdʒɪk]adj. 地质的；地质学上的abruptly3[ə'brʌptli]adv. 突然地；唐突地fragment3['frægm(ə)nt]n. 碎片；片断或不完整部分investigate3[ɪn'vestɪgeɪt]v. 调查；研究spectacular3[spek'tækjʊlə]adj. 壮观的，惊人的tolerant3['tɒl(ə)r(ə)nt]adj. 宽容的；容忍的cohesive3[kəʊ'hiːsɪv]adj. 有结合力的；紧密结合的administration3[ədmɪnɪ'streɪʃ(ə)n. 管理；实施；行政机构conquest3['kɒŋkwest]n. 征服，战胜apply to3适用于；应用于lie in3在于…adapt3[ə'dæpt]v. 使适应；改编spread3[spred]v. 传播；伸展subsequently3['sʌbsɪkwəntlɪ]adv. 随后，后来eruption3[ɪ'rʌpʃ(ə)n]n. 爆发，喷发commodity3[kə'mɒdɪtɪ]n. 商品，日用品indicate3['ɪndɪkeɪt]v. 表明；指出tectonic3[tek'tɒnɪk]adj. 构造的；构造上的polar3['pəʊlə]n. 极 a dj. 极地的；两极的version3['vɜːʃ(ə)n]n. 版本barrier3['bærɪə]n. 障碍，屏障inhospitable3[,ɪnhɒ'spɪtəb(ə)l;adj. 荒凉的；冷淡的，不好客的reflection3[rɪ'flekʃ(ə)n]n. 反映；沉思discipline3['dɪsɪplɪn]n. 纪律；惩罚；纪律systematic3[sɪstə'mætɪk]adj. 体系的；有系统的tendency3['tend(ə)nsɪ]n. 倾向，趋势immediate3[ɪ'miːdɪət]adj. 立即的barren3['bær(ə)n]adj. 贫瘠的concentrated3['kɒnsntreɪtɪd]adj. 集中的；全神贯注的prolonged3[prə'lɒŋd]adj. 延长的；拖延的；assist3[ə'sɪst]vt. 帮助constitute3['kɒnstɪtjuːt]vt. 组成，构成；建立measurable3['meʒ(ə)rəb(ə)l]adj. 可测量的；重要的equivalent3[ɪ'kwɪv(ə)l(ə)nt]a dj. 等价的，同等的static3['stætɪk]adj. 静态的；静电的orientation3[,ɔːrɪən'teɪʃ(ə)n; ,n. 方向；定向alter3['ɔːltə; 'ɒl-]v. 改变，更改rotate3[rə(ʊ)'teɪt]v. 旋转；循环regarding3[rɪ'gɑːdɪŋ]prep. 关于，至于serve as3担任…，起…的作用delivery3[dɪ'lɪv(ə)rɪ]n. 【贸易】交付；分娩favor3['feɪvə]v/n. 喜爱，喜欢impose3[ɪm'pəʊz]vt. 强加；征税predation3[prɪ'deɪʃ(ə)n]n. 捕食；掠夺dominance3['dɒmɪnəns]n. 优势；统治；支配simultaneous3[,sɪm(ə)l'teɪnɪəs]adj. 同时的；同时发生的suppress3[sə'pres]vt. 抑制；镇压depression3[dɪ'preʃ(ə)n]n. 沮丧；萧条fracture3['fræktʃə]v/n. 破裂，断裂sustain3[sə'steɪn]v. 维持；支撑；承担uneven3[ʌn'iːv(ə)n]adj. 不均匀的；不平坦的distinction3[dɪ'stɪŋ(k)ʃ(ə)n]n. 区别；差别secondary3['sek(ə)nd(ə)rɪ]a dj.中等的；次要的regulate3['regjʊleɪt]v. 调节，规定unpredictable3[ʌnprɪ'dɪktəb(ə)l]adj. 不可预知的；不定的hereditary3[hɪ'redɪt(ə)rɪ]adj. 遗传的；世袭的pastoralism3['pæstərəlizm]n. 牧歌体；田园主义territory3['terɪt(ə)rɪ]n. 领域；地域periodically3[,pɪərɪ'ɒdɪkəlɪ]adv. 定期地；周期性地exceed3[ɪk'siːd; ek-]v. 超过；胜过continent3['kɒntɪnənt]n. 大陆，陆地compact3[kəm'pækt]adj. 紧密的；紧凑的radiation3[reɪdɪ'eɪʃ(ə)n]n. 辐射herbivore3['hɜːbɪvɔː]n.食草动物perish3['perɪʃ]vi. 死亡；毁灭；腐烂widespread3['waɪdspred; -'sp adj. 普遍的，广泛的give rise to3引起aggressive3[ə'gresɪv]adj. 侵略性的；有闯劲的potentially3[pə'tɛnʃəli]adv. 可能地，潜在地specialization3[,speʃəlaɪ'zeɪʃən]n. 专门化；特殊化export3[ɪk'spɔːt; ek-; 'ek v/n. 输出，出口confirm3[kən'fɜːm]vt. 确认；证实predict3[prɪ'dɪkt]v. 预报，预言settlement3['set(ə)lm(ə)nt]n. 解决，处理temperate3['temp(ə)rət]adj. 温和的；适度的；有节制的remarkable3[rɪ'mɑːkəb(ə)l]adj. 卓越的；非凡的archaeological3[,ɑ:kiə'lɔdʒikəl]adj. 考古学的dwelling3['dwelɪŋ]n. 住处；寓所sedentary3['sed(ə)nt(ə)rɪ]adj. 久坐的；坐惯的；定栖的；静坐的possession3[pə'zeʃ(ə)n]n. 拥有；财产molten3['məʊlt(ə)n]adj. 熔化的；炽热的reservoir3['rezəvwɑ: (r)]n. 水库；蓄水池germinate3['dʒɜːmɪneɪt]v. 发芽；生长roughly3['rʌflɪ]adv. 粗糙地；概略地numerous3['njuːm(ə)rəs]adj. 许多的，很多的restrict3[rɪ'strɪkt]v. 限制；约束script3[skrɪpt]n. 文本；手迹accustomed to3习惯于mechanical3[mɪ'kænɪk(ə)l]adj. 机械的；力学的primitive3['prɪmɪtɪv]adj. 原始的，远古的collective3[kə'lektɪv]adj. 集体的；共同的shrub2[ʃrʌb]n. 灌木；灌木丛herb2[hɜːb]n. 香草，药草tropics2['trɒpɪks]n. 热带地区deform2[dɪ'fɔːm]vi./vt. （使）变形particularly2[pə'tɪkjʊləlɪ]adv. 特别地；详细地duration2[djʊ'reɪʃ(ə)n]n. 持续ridge2[rɪdʒ]n. 山脊；山脉；屋脊velocity2[vəˈlɒsəti]n. 速率，速度；迅速cessation2[se'seɪʃ(ə)n]n. 停止；中止；中断evident2['evɪd(ə)nt]adj. 明显的altitude2['æltɪtjuːd]n. 高度；（等级和地位等的）高级browse2[braʊz]vt.浏览；吃草 n. 浏览；吃草mature2[mə'tʃʊə(r)]adj. 成熟的；充分考虑的prevalent2['prev(ə)l(ə)nt]adj. 流行的；普遍的at the edge of2在边缘speculation2[,spekjʊ'leɪʃn]n. 投机；推测；思索desirable2[dɪ'zaɪərəb(ə)l]adj. 令人满意的；值得要的occurence2[əˈkʌrəns]n. 出现，发生desire2[dɪ'zaɪə]n. 欲望；心愿 v. 想要，渴望ceremony2['serɪmənɪ]n. 典礼，仪式representative2[reprɪ'zentətɪv]n. 代表；典型 a dj. 典型的，有代表性的replace2[rɪ'pleɪs]vt. 取代，代替concern2[kən'sɜːn]vt. 涉及，担心，关心recall2[rɪ'kɔːl]vt. 召回；回想起 n. 召回；回忆feat2[fiːt]n. 功绩，壮举imitation2[ɪmɪ'teɪʃ(ə)n]n. 模仿，仿造theorize2['θɪəraɪz]v. 建立理论或学说fulfill2[ful'fil]vt. 履行；实现；满足fantasy2['fæntəsɪ]n. 幻想 adj. 虚幻的instinct2['ɪnstɪŋ(k)t]n. 本能，天性attribute to2把…归因于by no means2决不be aware of2意识到，知道relate to2有关，涉及pebble2['peb(ə)l]n. 卵石unconsolidated2['ʌnkən'sɔlideitid adj. 疏松的；松散的gravel2['græv(ə)l]n. 碎石；砂砾smooth2[smuːð]adj. 光滑的；平稳的bury2['berɪ]vt. 埋葬；隐藏pore2[pɔː]n. 气孔；小孔plug2[plʌg]n. 插头；塞子 v t. 插入；塞住loose2[luːs]adj. 宽松的volcanic2[vɒl'kænɪk]n. 火山岩 a dj. 火山的；猛烈的bubble2['bʌb(ə)l]n. 气泡，泡沫 v. 沸腾，冒泡porosity2[pɔː'rɒsɪtɪ]n. 有孔性，多孔性permeability2[pɜːmɪə'bɪlɪtɪ]n. 渗透性crevice2['krevɪs]n. 裂缝；裂隙in the form of2以…的形式soak into2渗透入threaten2['θret(ə)n]v. 威胁；恐吓reject2[rɪ'dʒekt]v. 拒绝；抵制decade2['dekeɪd]n. 十年stabalize2['steɪbəlaɪz]v. 使稳固，使安定predictable2[prɪ'dɪktəb(ə)l]adj. 可预言的gather2['gæðə]vt. 收集；聚集crustal2['krʌstəl]adj. 壳的；地壳的underlying2[ʌndə'laɪɪŋ]adj. 潜在的；下层的insufficient2[ɪnsə'fɪʃ(ə)nt]adj. 不足的，不充足的reverse2[rɪ'vɜːs]adj. 反面的；颠倒的 v. 颠倒enforce2[ɪn'fɔːs; en-]vt. 强迫，强制deterioration2[dɪ,tɪərɪə'reɪʃn]n. 恶化；退化necessitate2[nɪ'sesɪteɪt]vt. 使成为必需，需要respond to2响应be likely to do2很有可能disguise2[dɪs'gaɪz]v.伪装marine2[mə'riːn] adj.海洋的的，海运的precious2['preʃəs]adj. 宝贵的；珍贵的enlarge2[ɪn'lɑːdʒ; en-]v. 扩大；增大locate2[lə(ʊ)'keɪt]v. 定位；位于link2[lɪŋk]n. 联系 v. 连接；结合feed on2[fid ɑn]v. 以...为食；以...为能源be filled with2被……充满project2['prɒdʒekt]n. 工程；事业approximately2[ə'prɒksɪmətlɪ]adv. 大约，近似地readily2['redɪlɪ]adv. 容易地；乐意地purchase2['pɜ:tʃəs]v. 购买maximize2['m鎘simaiz]vt. 取…最大值，使最大化ultimate2['ʌltɪmət]adj. 最终的content2[kən'tent]n. 内容，目录participation2[pɑː,tɪsɪ'peɪʃn]n. 参与，参加dimension2[dɪ'menʃ(ə)n]n. 尺寸；容积，【数】维by means of2用，依靠employ2[ɪm'plɒɪ]vt. 采用；雇用analyze2['ænə,laɪz]vt. 对…进行分析gravity2['grævɪtɪ]n. 重力，地心引力combination2[kɒmbɪ'neɪʃ(ə)n]n. 结合；组合progress2['prəʊgres]v/n. 进步，发展integral2['ɪntɪgr(ə)l]adj. 完整的，整体的horizontal2[hɒrɪ'zɒnt(ə)l]adj. 水平的；地平线的divert2[daɪ'vɜːt; dɪ-]vt. 转移blocks of2块in relation to2关于；涉及periodic2[,pɪərɪ'ɒdɪk]adj. 周期的；定期的obtain2[əb'teɪn]v. 获得ensuing2[ɛnˈsjuɪŋ]adj. 接著发生的formation2[fɔː'meɪʃ(ə)n]n. 形成；构造grandiose2['grændɪəʊs]adj. 宏伟的；堂皇的inevitable2[ɪn'evɪtəb(ə)l]adj. 必然的，不可避免的compress2[kəm'pres]vt. 压缩，精简conserve2[kən'sɜːv]vt. 保存currently2['kʌrəntlɪ]adv. 当前；一般地profitable2['prɒfɪtəb(ə)l]adj. 有利可图的；有益的pump2[pʌmp]n. 泵，抽水机 v. 打气；抽水recharge2[riː'tʃɑːdʒ]v. 再充电；再袭击replenish2[rɪ'plenɪʃ]vt. 补充，再装满scheme2[skiːm]n. 计划；体制spray2[spreɪ]n. 喷雾；喷雾器 v. 喷射；喷tap2[t鎝]n. 水龙头；轻打 v. 轻拍；轻击unprecedented2[ʌn'presɪdentɪd]adj. 空前的；无前例的be convinced of2确信be dependent on2依靠；取决于guarantee2[gær(ə)n'tiː]v/n. 保证；担保ecosystem2['iːkəʊsɪstəm]n. 生态系统extinct2[ɪk'stɪŋkt]v.灭绝 adj.灭绝的，绝种的uniform2['juːnɪfɔːm]adj. 统一的；均衡的complicated2['kɒmplɪkeɪtɪd]adj. 难懂的，复杂的climax2['klaɪmæks]n. 高潮；顶点long-lasting2[lɒŋ 'lɑ:stɪŋ]adj. 持久的particular2[pəˈtɪkjələ(r)]adj. 特别的；独有的annually2['ænjʊəlɪ; 'ænjʊlɪadv. 每年一次biotic2[baɪ'ɒtɪk]adj. 生物的；有关生命的feed2[fiːd]v. 喂养；饲养extermination2[ik,stə:mi'neiʃən]n. 消灭；根绝inhibit2[ɪn'hɪbɪt]vt. 抑制；禁止markedly2['mɑːkɪdlɪ]adv. 明显地；显著地protein2['prəʊtiːn]n. 蛋白质rebound2[rɪ'baʊnd]n. 回弹 v. 回升；弹回reduction2[rɪ'dʌkʃ(ə)n]n. 减少；下降starvation2[stɑː'veɪʃn]n. 饿死；挨饿succulent2['sʌkjʊl(ə)nt]n. 多汁植物 a dj. 多汁的；多水分的understory2['ʌndə,stɔ:ri]n. 林下叶层；下层植被be related to2与…有关restoration2n. 恢复entrance2['entr(ə)ns]n. 入口；进入fertility2[fə'tɪlɪtɪ]n. 多产；肥沃exaggerate2[ɪg'zædʒəreɪt]v.夸张，扩大complex2['kɒmpleks]adj. 复杂的；合成的confine2[kən'faɪn]v/n. 约束；限制crude2[kruːd]adj. 粗糙的；天然的，未加工的motivation2[məʊtɪ'veɪʃ(ə)n]n. 动机；积极性rest on2[rɛst ɑn]停留在；依靠reach a peak2达到一个峰值offshore2['ɒfʃɔː; ɒf'ʃɔː]adj. 离岸的；吹向海面的adjacent2[ə'dʒeɪs(ə)nt]adj. 邻近的，毗连的exploration2[eksplə'reɪʃ(ə)n]n. 探测；探究forbid2[fə'bɪd]vt. 禁止；阻止fertilizer2['fɜːtɪlaɪzə]n. 肥料；受精媒介物handle2['hænd(ə)l]v. 处理；操作microscopic2[maɪkrə'skɒpɪk]adj. 微观的；用显微镜可见的partially2['pɑːʃ(ə)lɪ]adv. 部分地；偏袒地squeeze2[skwiːz]v. 挤；压榨be involved in2被卷入……中；涉及到…… notoriously2[nəu'tɔ:riəsli]adv. 声名狼藉地；恶名昭彰地recycle2[riː'saɪk(ə)l]v. 再循环；重复利用stem2[stem]n. 干；茎 v. 阻止；起源于某事物typically2['tɪpɪkəlɪ]adv. 代表性地application2[ˌæplɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n]n. 应用；申请technique2[tek'niːk]n. 技巧，技术；手法compound2['kɒmpaʊnd]n. 混合物 v.混合 a dj. 复合的；混合的simulation2[,sɪmjʊ'leɪʃən]n. 模拟；模仿adventure2[əd'ventʃə]n. 冒险overall2['əʊvərɔːl]n. 全套服装 a dj. 全部的；全体的foundation2[faʊn'deɪʃ(ə)n]n. 基础；基金会exclusive2[ɪk'skluːsɪv; ek-]adj. 独有的；排外的implement2['ɪmplɪm(ə)nt]v. 实施，执行 n. 工具，器具linguistic2[lɪŋ'gwɪstɪk]adj. 语言的；语言学的possess2[pə'zes]v. 拥有，持有traditionally2[trə'diʃənəli]adv. 传统上；习惯上voyage2['vɒɪɪdʒ]n. 航行；航程varied2['veərɪd]adj. 多变的；各式各样的derive from2源出，来自evolutionary2[,iːvə'luːʃənərɪ]adj. 进化的；发展的document2['dɒkjʊm(ə)nt]n. 文件，文档descendant2[dɪ'send(ə)nt]n. 后裔；子孙 a dj. 下降的；祖传的assign2[ə'saɪn]vt. 分配；指派interpretation2[ɪntɜːprɪ'teɪʃ(ə)n]n. 解释clue2[kluː]n. 线索atmospheric2[ætməs'ferɪk]adj. 大气的，大气层的industrial2[ɪn'dʌstrɪəl]adj. 工业的，产业的ingredient2[ɪn'griːdɪənt]n. 原料；要素；inefficient2[ɪnɪ'fɪʃ(ə)nt]adj. 效率低的condense2[kən'dens]vi. 浓缩；凝结monopoly2[mə'nɒp(ə)lɪ]n. 垄断multiply2['mʌltɪplaɪ]adj. 多样的 v. 乘；繁殖rival2['raɪvl]n. 对手；竞争者rotary2['rəʊt(ə)rɪ]adj. 旋转的，转动的revolutionary2[revə'luːʃ(ə)n(ə)rɪadj. 革命的;大变革的revolution2[revə'luːʃ(ə)n]n. 革命steam2[stiːm]n. 蒸汽vastly2['va:stli]adv. 极大地；广大地come into use2开始被使用rudimentary2[,ruːdɪ'ment(ə)rɪ]adj. 基本的；初步的unique2[juː'niːk]adj. 唯一的，独一无二的roam2[rəʊm]n. 漫步，漫游 v. 漫游，漫步survey2[sə'veɪ]n. 调查；测量 v. 调查；勘测valid2['v鎙id]adj. 有效的，正当的enduring2[ɪn'dʒɔːrɪŋ; en-]adj. 持久的；能忍受的encode2[ɪn'kəʊd; en-]vt. 编码，译码category2['kætɪg(ə)rɪ]n. 种类，分类maturation2[mætjʊ'reɪʃ(ə)n]n. 成熟perspective2[pə'spektɪv]n. 远景；透视图 adj. 透视的recognition2[rekəg'nɪʃ(ə)n]n. 识别；承认，赞誉verbal2['vɜːb(ə)l]adj. 口头的；言语的adjustment2[ə'dʒʌs(t)m(ə)nt]n.调节；调节器formulate2['fɔːmjʊleɪt]vt. 规划；用公式表示instrument2['ɪnstrʊm(ə)nt]n. 仪器；工具refill2[riː'fɪl]v. 再装满；再充满link to2把…和…连接；把…和…联系起来scores of2许多，大量bond2[bɒnd]n. 债券；结合 v. 结合exploitation2[eksplɒɪ'teɪʃ(ə)n]n. 开发，开采entity2['entɪtɪ]n. 实体；本质universal2[juːnɪ'vɜːs(ə)l]adj. 普遍的；通用的novelty2['nɒv(ə)ltɪ]n. 新奇的事物，新手regularity2[reɡjʊ'lærətɪ]n. 规则性；整齐range2[reɪn(d)ʒ]n. 范围；幅度 v.在……到……的范围内（from）speculative2['spekjʊlətɪv]adj. 投机的；推测的；思索性的adv. 独立地；自立地independently2[,ɪndɪ'pend(ə)ntlɪdiffuse2[dɪ'fjuːz]v. 传播；扩散empire2['empaɪə]n. 帝国harsh2[hɑːʃ]adj. 严厉的；严酷的invader2[ɪn'veɪdə(r)]n. 侵略者；侵入物curious2['kjʊərɪəs]adj. 好奇的mystery2['mistəri]n. 秘密，谜variety2[və'raɪətɪ]n. 多样coexist2[,kəʊɪg'zɪst]vi. 共存administrative2[əd'mɪnɪstrətɪv]adj. 管理的，行政的competitive2[kəm'petɪtɪv]adj. 竞争的；比赛的predominant2[prɪ'dɒmɪnənt]adj. 主要的；支配的region2['riːdʒ(ə)n]n. 地域；领域thriving2['θraɪvɪŋ]adj. 繁荣的；旺盛的acid2['æsɪd]n. 酸 a dj. 酸的；讽刺的n. 修改，改变alteration2[ɔːltə'reɪʃ(ə)n; 'ɒl-diverse2[daɪ'vɜːs; 'daɪvɜːadj.多种多样的demise2[dɪ'maɪz]n. 死亡，传位 v. 遗赠；禅让freezing2['friːzɪŋ]adj. 冰冻的；严寒的incorporate2[ɪn'kɔːpəreɪt]v. 合并；混合meteorite2['miːtɪəraɪt]n. 陨星；流星associated with2与…有联系miniature2['mɪnɪtʃə]n. 缩图；微型画 a dj. 微型的，小规模的proponent2[prə'pəʊnənt]n. 支持者relics2['rɛliks]n. 遗迹；遗骸vapor2[veipə]n. 蒸汽 v. 蒸发glacier2['glæsɪə; 'gleɪsɪən. 冰河，冰川sizable2['saɪzəbl]adj. 相当大的remains2[rɪ'meɪnz]n. 残余；遗骸impetus2['ɪmpɪtəs]n. 动力；促进rarely2['reəlɪ]adv. 很少地；罕有地abundantly2[ə'bʌnd(ə)ntlɪ]adv. 丰富地；大量地capture2['kæptʃə]v. 俘获；夺得molecule2['mɒlɪkjuːl]n. 分子；微粒nourish2['nʌrɪʃ]vt. 滋养propagate2['prɒpəgeɪt]vt. 传播；繁殖wrap2[r鎝]v. 包起来；缠绕symbiotic2[sɪmbaɪ'ɒtɪk]adj. 共生的；共栖的tempting2['tem(p)tɪŋ]adj. 吸引人的；诱惑人的settle down2定居；安定下来ornament2['ɔːnəm(ə)nt]n. 装饰；装饰物decorate2['dekəreɪt]v. 装饰；布置obscure2[əb'skjʊə]adj. 模糊的；昏暗的occasional2[ə'keɪʒ(ə)n(ə)l]adj. 偶然的；临时的imperial2[ɪm'pɪərɪəl]adj. 帝国的；皇帝的；至高无上的intrinsic2[ɪn'trɪnsɪk]adj. 本质的，固有的commission2[kə'mɪʃ(ə)n]n. 委员会；委任motif2[məʊ'tiːf]n. 主题；动机pigment2['pɪgm(ə)nt]n. 色素；颜料purify2['pjʊərɪfaɪ]v. 净化；使纯净secular2['sekjʊlə]adj. 世俗的；现世的status2['steɪtəs]n. 地位；情形external2[ɪk'stɜːn(ə)l; ek-]adj. 外部的；表面的indication2[ɪndɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n]n. 指示，指出intervention2[ɪntə'venʃ(ə)n]n. 介入；调停undergo2[ʌndə'gəʊ]v. 经受；忍受urban2['ɜːb(ə)n]adj. 城市的meager2['mi:ɡə]adj. 贫乏的；瘦的reclaim2[rɪ'kleɪm]vt. 开拓，取回supplement2['sʌplɪm(ə)nt]n. 补充；补充物 v. 增补，补充isolation2[aɪsə'leɪʃ(ə)n]n. 隔离；孤立；绝缘decorative2['dek(ə)rətɪv]adj. 装饰性的；装饰用的appreciate2[ə'priːʃɪeɪt; -sɪ-]v t. 欣赏；感激grind2[graɪnd]v. 磨碎；折磨rigid2['rɪdʒɪd]adj. 严格的；僵硬的，坚硬的servant2['sɜːv(ə)nt]n. 仆人，佣人statuary2['stætjʊərɪ; -tʃʊə-adj. 雕塑的；雕像用的have nothing to 2与…无关make sense2有意义；言之有理apart from2除…之外artificial2[ɑːtɪ'fɪʃ(ə)l]adj. 人造的；仿造的identical2[aɪ'dentɪk(ə)l]adj. 同一的；完全相同的compensate2['kɒmpenseɪt]v. 补偿，赔偿contradictory2[kɒntrə'dɪkt(ə)rɪ]adj. 矛盾的；反对的v. 使移居；使移植migrate2[maɪ'greɪt; 'maɪgmigratory2['maɪgrət(ə)rɪ; m a dj. 迁移的；流浪的restless2['res(t)lɪs]adj. 焦躁不安的；不安宁的with respect to2关于；至于secure2[sɪ'kjʊə; sɪ'kjɔː]a dj. 安全的；稳当的versus2['vɜːsəs]prep. 与...相对；对抗vigorous2['vɪg(ə)rəs]adj. 有力的；精力充沛的assess2[ə'ses]vt. 评定；估价assumption2[ə'sʌm(p)ʃ(ə)n]n. 假定；设想invariably2[ɪn'veərɪəblɪ]adv. 不变地evaluation2[ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃn]n. 估价，评估contradiction2[kɒntrə'dɪkʃ(ə)n]n. 矛盾；否认craft2[krɑːft]n. 工艺；太空船 v t. 精巧地制作norm2[nɔːm]n. 规范，基准parallel2['pærəlel]n. 平行线 a dj. 平行的；类似的vision2['vɪʒ(ə)n]n. 视力；美景take into accoun2考虑到arid2['ærɪd]adj. 干旱的；荒芜的discharge2[dɪs'tʃɑːdʒ]vt. 释放，排放fraction2['frækʃ(ə)n]n. 分数；部分humidity2[hjʊ'mɪdɪtɪ]n. 湿度；湿气extent2[ɪk'stent; ek-]n. 程度；范围respond2[rɪ'spɒnd]n. 应答 v. 回答；作出反应variable2['veərɪəb(ə)l]n. 变量 a dj. 变异的；可变的equip2[ɪ'kwɪp]vt. 装备，配备elicit2[ɪ'lɪsɪt]vt. 引出；引起interlock2[ɪntə'lɒk]v. 互锁；连锁intimate2['ɪntɪmət]adj. 亲密的command2[kə'mɑːnd]n. 控制；命令 v. 命令，指挥predominate2[prɪ'dɒmɪneɪt]v. 支配，占主导subtle2['sʌt(ə)l]adj. 微妙的；细微的transmit2[trænz'mɪt]v. 传输；传播Intentionally2[in'tenʃənli]adv. 故意地，有意地coordinate2[kəʊ'ɔ:dɪneɪt]vt. 调整；整合persistent2[pə'sɪst(ə)nt]adj. 固执的，坚持的precision2[prɪ'sɪʒ(ə)n]n. 精度，精确rhythm2['rɪð(ə)m]n. 节奏；韵律solar2['səʊlə]adj. 太阳的；日光的apparatus2[ˌæpəˈreɪtəs]n. 装置，设备。
TPO +阅读词汇题词汇合辑
TPO1-30阅读词汇TPO1：champion---support 支持；保卫ascribe---attribute 归因于autonomous---independent 自治的；独立的penchant---inclination 倾向；嗜好；爱好dramatic---striking 戏剧性的；激烈的attain---achieve 获得；达到prone---likely 倾向于prevalent---widespread 普遍的；广泛的incredible---unbelievable 难以置信的；不可思议的out of sight---hidden 看不见的；隐藏的overlay---cover 覆盖；重叠so much for---that is enough about 表示大量的plug---fill up 塞满；使充满TPO2devoid of---lacking in 缺乏的progressively---increasingly 前进地delicate---fragile 脆弱的threatened---endangered 受到威胁的precious---valuable 宝贵的exposed---visible 暴露的；可见的propulsion---moving forward 推进readily---easily 轻易地assistance---help 援助expanded---was enlarged 扩大的TPO3feasible---achievable 可行的enhance---improve 提高；加强devised---created 设计；发明integral---essential 不可或缺的arduous---difficult 费力的；辛勤的ensuing---subsequent 接踵而至的；随后的unprecedented---unlike anything in the past 空前的virtually---almost 实际上地inevitable---unavoidable 不可避免的particular---specific 特别的；特殊的guarantee---ensure 担保pales---loses significance 苍白的；无力的adjacent---neighboring 毗连的；邻近的TPO4inhibits---restricts 阻止；抑制in the same breath---immediately 同时indefinite period---whose end has not been determined 无限期地rebound---recovery 回升；反弹marked—considerable 明显的；显著的principal---major 主要的trapping---decorations 装饰accumulate---build up 堆积；积累adjacent---nearby 邻近的；近旁的sloping---inclining 倾斜的foul---pollute 使污秽；弄脏TPO5exhibit---show 展览；展示facilitates---make easier 使便利suspended---hung 挂起afford---offer 提供；给予overwhelming---powerful 势不可挡的implements---tools 工具；用具undisputed---acknowledge 无可置疑的，确认significant---important 重要的relatively---comparatively 相对地diversification---emergence of many varieties 多样化；多元化promote---encourage 提升；增进TPO6exploited---utilized 开采；开发；利用vastly---greatly 广大地；许多地grow accustomed to---become used to 习惯于retain---maintain 保持；保留rudimentary---basic 根本的；未发展的meticulously---carefully 精心地；细致地endure---survive 耐久；忍耐virtually---nearly/ almost 差不多，几乎虚拟；其实plausible---believable （借口或解释）有道理的phenomenon---occurrence 现象；事件critically---fundamentally 危急地；重要地perspective---viewpoint 远景；前途TPO7objective---purpose 目标；目的scores---large numbers 大量；众多turbulent---violent 狂暴的；吵闹的obsession with---fixation on 固定foster---encourage 鼓励sphere---area 范围；领域diffused---spread 传播；扩散profound---far-reaching 深刻的；意义深远的ritual---ceremonial 典礼；仪式fleeing---running away from 逃避；逃跑TPO8massive---very large 可观的；大量的pinpoint---identify precisely 准确找出；非常精确ingenuity---cleverness 独创力；聪明才智predominant---principal 最重要的cope---adapt 成功的应付；适应fluctuation---variation 变化；波动bombard---strike 炮击；攻击disruption---disturbance 瓦解；崩溃；失调merge---combine 混合；联合relics---remains 遗迹miniature---small 小型的；微型的hint---clue 暗示，线索TPO9persuasively---convincingly---compelling 令人信服地prior to---before 在…之前；较早的vast---huge 巨大的；广阔的inhospitable---not suitable 不好客的；不适宜居住的impetus---incentive 激励；刺激justified---supported 有正当理由的flourish---succeed 茂盛；繁荣objective---unbiased 客观的；公正的at random---without a definite pattern 任意地；随便地abundantly---plentifully 丰富的；大量的propagate---multiply 繁衍；增殖dormant---inactive 潜伏的；不活跃的TPO10status---importance 重要身份evolve---develop 使发展；使进化instigate---cause 鼓励；怂恿；造成whereas---while 然而；反之striking---noticeable 显著的erratic---unpredictable 不确定路线deliberation---discussion 商议invoke---call upon 调用；号召key---important 重要的meager---very low 不足的；缺乏的TPO11vital---essential 生死攸关的；重大的context---environment 上下文；环境；背景core---center 中心；核心depict---portray 描绘perplexed---puzzled 困惑的；不知所措的preposterous---unbelievable 荒谬的；不可信的accumulating---increasing 渐增的impose on---place on 施加于artificial---not real 人造的；假的prediction---expectation 预料；预言；预报pinpoint---locate exactly---identify precisely 准确定位derive---gain 源于；获得；得自TPO12assisted in---help with 帮助depicted---pictured 描绘；描述criteria---standards 标准regard---consider 把……当作paradoxes---contradictions 自相矛盾的话overshadow---distract from 使分散；使失色neglected---failed 疏忽的drastically---severely 激烈地；严重地dwellers---inhabitants 居民fractures---cracks 裂缝immobile---motionless 不动的；静止的TPO13complex---elaborate 详尽的endowing---providing 赋予；授予size up---evaluate 估计……大小；品评deviate---depart 脱离consequently---therefore 因而；所以persistent---enduring 固执的；持久的duration---length 期间sustained---uninterrupted 持续的；不间断的uniformly---consistently 一致地potent---powerful 有力的；有效的quantifiable---measurable 可以计量的TPO14verify---establish the truth of 检验；查证adept---skillful 熟练的；内行的attributes---characteristics 属性credible---believable 可信的paradoxically---surprisingly 似是而非的；令人惊讶的prolonged---extended 持久的；长期的exhausted---used up 耗尽的；用完的prestige---status 声望；地位profound---far-reaching 深远的striking---noticeable 醒目的；惊人的exploit---use to advantage 开发；利用TPO15interlock---link 连锁match---equal 相同的；相配的transform---change 改变deceiving---misleading 欺骗static---unchanging 不变化的；静止的unique among---different from all other 独一无二的feat---remarkable achievement 功绩；伟业bulk---mass 巨大物体course through---run through 过程中；通过extended--- long 延长的account for---explain 说明；解释…的原因intense---extreme 剧烈的；极端的TPO16repudiate---reject 拒绝；否认consensus---agreement 一致；同意ethic---set of moral principles 伦理的；道德的intrinsically---fundamentally 固有地；基本地interplay---interaction 相互影响abundance---plenty 丰富；充裕analogous to---similar to 类似的postulated---hypothesized 假定；基本条件markedly---noticeably 显著地；醒目meager---thin 缺乏的；不足的；瘦eventually---over time 最终TPO17impetus---stimulus 推动dramatically---greatly 引人注目地refined---improved 精细的norms---rules 规范；标准conspicuous---noticeable 显著的signal---communicate （发信号）通知inflating---enlarging 加压；扩大impediment---obstruction 阻碍；妨碍exploit---make use of 利用derive---obtain 取得devastated---destroyed 被毁的inadvertently---unintentionally 不注意地highlight---emphasize 强调；着重TPO18exceptional---extraordinary 非常的abolish---end 废止progressive---increasing 进步的；渐进的flaw---fault 毛病；缺点triggered---caused 触发的periodically---regularly 周期性地empirical---based on observation 以经验为主的tremendous---huge 巨大的acquire---obtain 获取；获得illuminate---light 照亮initiated---started 开始的TPO19suppress---stop by force 镇压friction---conflict 摩擦；冲突entitled to---given the right to 有资格circumstances---conditions 情况substantiate---confirm 证实trend---tendency 趋势likewise---similarly 同样地legitimately---properly 合法地；正当地initiated---started 开始的accumulations---deposits 积累的；沉积物heterogeneous---varied 异种的enjoy---experience 享受；感受；体验reveal---show 露出；显示TPO20fringe---border 边缘proliferation---growth 增长supersede---replace 取代divert---shift 使转移momentous---very important 重大的exploit---utilize 利用cramped---confined （空间）狭小的shift---change 改变abruptly---suddenly 突然地agency---force 力量；能动作用terrestrial---land 陆地的enhance---increase 提高precise---exact 准确的prospect---possibility 前景，可能性TPO21practical---usable 实用的abundant---plentiful 大量的exploiting---making use of 利用，开发option---choice 选择therefore---as a result 因此imaginative---creative 富有想象力的contention---debate 争论ample---plentiful 大量的reasonable---sufficient 充分的（理解）elaboration---development 精心完成的结果TPO22exceedingly---highly 非常，极为modify---change 改变effort---attempt 努力duplicate---copy 复制authenticity----genuineness 可靠性；真实性reluctant---unwilling 不情愿的, 勉强的accidental---unintentional 偶然发生的unanticipated---not expected 不曾预料的location---place 地点allusion---reference 暗指, 间接提到enigmatic---mysterious 神秘的pristine---pure 纯净的TPO23enormous---very large 庞大的surpass---be higher than 超越configuration---shape 形状, 轮廓modified---changed 有变化的apart from---besides 除此以外consumption---utilization 用完legendary---famous 著名的astonishing---incredible 令人惊讶的infrequent---uncommon 稀有的relatively---comparatively 相对地discern---identify 辨明revised---changed 经过改变的Tpo24Gains-----increase 增加，加大Conversely------on the other hand 相反的，另一方面的Exclusive-----sole 独有的，独家的Considerable-----significant 有意义的，重要的Resume-----restart n.摘要，简历v.重新开始Traumatic-----highly stressful 外伤的，不愉快的Intense----strong 强烈的，紧张的，热情的Transition----change 转变，转化TPO25Enormous----extremely large 极大的Distinctive-----complex 有特色的，与众不同的Roughly----approximately 大约的，接近的Considerably-----significantly 重要的Resurgence-----comeback 复活，再现，再起Compulsorily-----by requirement 强制的，强迫的，必须的Outdated-----old--fashion 过时的Conventional-----usual 传统的，平常的Presumably----supposedly 大概，推测起来的，假定的Subject to ----exposed to 使服从，使暴露于Desolate----deserted 荒凉的，无人烟的Posed----presented 提出，主张TPO26Apparent in ---- clearly seen in 显然的，表面上的Consequent-----resulting 致使，作为结果的Initiated------started 开始的，首先得Accustomed to ---- used to 习惯于Countering ---- acting against 反击，打击Assured ---- guaranteed 保证Sustain ----maintain 保持Sovereign ----master 至高无上的，有主权的Engraved ---carved 被牢记的，深深印入的v. 雕刻Widespread ---- common 广泛的，普遍的TPO 27Surpassing ---- exceeding 超越，超过Intact ----- undamaged 完整的，原封不动的Interpreted ---- understood 解释，理解Legible ----- recognizable 清晰的，可看清楚的Converge ----- move closer 聚合Instructive ---- informative 有益的，教育性的Eroded ---- worn down 被侵蚀的，损坏的Current ---- present 现在的，流通的Rebound ----- recover 反弹Roughly ------ approximately 近似的Generating ------ producing 产生的，生成的Conjunction ----- combination 结合TPO28Extracted ---- removed 提取，萃取，移动Termed ---- called 把....称为Compact ---- compressed 紧凑的，紧密的Coating ---- layer 涂层，包衣Albeit ---- though 虽然，即使Endeavors ---- efforts 尽力，尽量Deteriorated ----- got worse 恶化的，变质的Conspicuous ---- noticeable 显著地，显而易见的Exhibited ---- displayed 展出的Induce ---- stimulate 诱导，引诱Termed ---- know as 称为，叫做TPO29Substantial ---- large 大量的Entirely ---- completely 完全的，彻底的Humble ---- modest 谦虚的Particular ---- specific 独特的，特殊的Indigenous ---- native 本地的，本土的Graphically ---- vividly 生动的，形象的Regulating ---- controlling 调节，控制Harnessed ---- utilize 治理，利用Pessimistic ---- negative 悲观的，消极的Unaltered ---- unchanged 不变的，未改变的TPO30Considerable ---- significant 重要的，值得考虑的Comparative ---- relative 比较的，相当的Potentially ---- possible 可能的，潜在的Innumerable ---- countless 无数的，数不尽的Compelling ---- persuasive 有说服力的Alteration ---- change 改变Occasionally ---- once in a while 偶尔，间或Authoritative ----- official 有权威的，官方的Rudimentary ---- basic 基本的，初步的Installed ---- put in place 已装入的，安装Pioneer ---- leader 领袖，先驱。
史上最全托福阅读真题词汇
A考題答案中文abandoned left a. 被遺棄的aberrant abnormal a. 脫離常軌的 , abort quit v. 夭折 ;中止abruptly suddenly ad. 突然地 ; 意外地absorb take in v. 吸收 ;被⋯吸引absorb appeal v. 吸收 ;被⋯吸引absorb learn (學習 )v. 吸收abstract not concrete a. 抽象的 ;非實際的absurd ridiculous a. 荒謬的 ;可笑的abundance large amount n. 大量abundance great number n. 大量abundant affluent a. 豐富的 ;大量的abundant ample a. 豐富的 ;大量的abundant numerous a. 豐富的 ;大量的abundant plentiful a. 豐富的 ;大量的abundant substantial a. 豐富的 ;大量的abundantly plentifully ad. 豐富地 ; 大量地access reach v. 接近accessible easy to reach a. 易接近的accessible reachable a. 可接近的accidental unexpected a. 意外的 ;偶然的accommodate provide for v. 提供accomplished skilled a. 熟練的accomplished achieved a. 實現完成的account description n. 說明account for explain v. 說明accumulate collect v. 累積 ;聚集accumulate pile up v. 累積 ;聚集accurate correct a. 正確的accurately correctly ad. 正確地be accustomed to get used to phrv. 習慣get accustomed to become used to phrv. 習慣acknowledge recognize v. 承認actually in fact ad. 事實上added extra a. 附加的 ;額外的adept skilled a. 熟練的adherent supporter n. 擁護者adjacent nearby a. 毗連的adjacent neighboring a. 毗連的adjust modify v. 調整 ;改變⋯以適應admit let in v. 准許進入adopt enact v. 採用advance improvement n. 發展 ;增長advent arrival n. 出現 ;到來advent beginning n. 出現 ;到來affair matter n. 事件 ;事情afford provide v. 提供 ;給予aggravate increase v. 加重 ;增劇aggravate annoy v. 使惱火aggregate overall a. 聚集的 ;合計的aggregate combined a. 聚集的 ;合計的agile astute a. 靈活的 ;敏捷的agile clever a. 靈活的 ;敏捷的agile quick and active a. 靈活的 ;敏捷的agile move and act quickly a. 靈活的 ;敏捷的air feeling n. 氣氛alarm warning n. 警告alarm sound v. 警報albeit even though conj. 儘管；雖然albeit although conj. 儘管；雖然allow enable v. 允許allude suggest v. 暗示allude to refer to phrv. 提到ally with link to v. 結盟 ;聯合alter change to v. 改變amazing remarkable a. 令人驚訝的、非凡的ambiguous vague a. 模棱兩可的 ; 不明確的ambivalent mixed a. 矛盾的ample spacious a. 寬敞的ample plentiful a. 充足的 ;豐富的anchor hold in place v. 使固定ancient old a. 古老的ancient antique a. 古老的annihilate destroy v. 消滅annihilate completely remove v. 消滅annually yearly ad. 每年anomaly irregularity n. 異常的人或物antagonist competitor n. 對手 ;敵手anticipate expect v. 預期antiseptic clean a. 抗菌的antithesis opposite n. 對立面antler horn n. 鹿角anxiety worry n. 憂慮 ;擔心apart from except for phr. 除了⋯之外apart from exception phr. 除了⋯之外apparatus equipment n. 儀器 ;設備apparent obvious a. 顯然的apparently clearly ad. 顯然地appeal attraction n. 吸引力broad appeal wide popularity a. 廣泛的吸引力appealing attractive a. 有吸引力的appear seem v. 似乎appearance rise n. 出現appearance showing up n. 出現appearance arrival n. 出現application use n. 應用appreciable noticeable a. 相當可觀的approach method n. 方法approach move toward v. 接近approximately roughly ad. 大約地architecture structure n. 構造archive record v. 存檔archive stock v. 存檔archive store v. 存檔arduous difficult a. 艱鉅的arid dry a. 乾旱的arise emerge v. 出現arrangement configuration n. 安排 ;佈置array range n. 一系列article item n. 物品article object n. 物品as a rule in general phr. 通常assert declare v. 斷言 ;宣稱assertion strong statement n. 斷言 ;主張asset advantage n. 資產 ;有利條件assimilate combine v. 同化assistance help n. 幫助；協助assorted various a. 各式各樣的assume believe v. 假定 ;設想assume suppose v. 假定 ;設想assume take on v. 承擔assumption premise n. 假設astonishing amazing a. 驚人的astute clever a. 敏銳的attachment to preference for n. 依戀attain achieve v. 達到 ;獲得attainment achievement n. 達到 ;獲得attendant accompanying a. 伴隨的attest to confirm v. 證實attribute accredit v. 歸於 ;認為attribute to credit with v. 歸於 ;認為attribute characteristic n. 特徵attribution character n. 屬性augment increase v. 增加 ;提高available obtainable a. 可獲得的avenue method n. 途徑 ;手段avenue means n. 途徑 ;手段avid enthusiastic a. 熱中的be aware of familiar with phrv. 瞭解B考題答案中文barely just ad. 僅僅barge boat n. 駁船barrier obstacle n. 障礙barrier impediment n. 障礙visual barrier obstacle to view phr. 視覺阻礙battle struggle n. 搏鬥 ;奮鬥beckon invite v. 招喚 ;引誘be beforehand foreordain v. 預先being creature n. 生命beneficial advantageous a. 有益的blossom flourish v. 興旺blossom thrive v. 興旺boast puff v. 自吹自擂說 ; 吹噓boast exaggerate v. 自吹自擂說 ; 吹噓bombard assail v. 炮擊 ;轟擊bombard assault v. 炮擊 ;轟擊bombard strike v. 炮擊 ;轟擊boom expansion n. 激增 ;爆漲boon great benefit n. 利益boost raise v. 增加 ;提高boundary periphery n. 邊界branch division n. 分支breed reproduce v. 繁殖 ;飼養brilliant bright a. 光輝的 ; 明亮的brittle breakable a. 脆弱的brittle fragile a. 脆弱的broadly generally ad. 大體上broadly extensively ad. 大體上bulk great quantity n. 大部份bulk majority n. 大部份bulk large portion n. 大部份bulk large part n. 大部份bulk major part n. 主體burgeon expand v. 急速成長bustling lively a. 活躍的C考題答案中文camouflage blend with circumstances v. 偽裝camouflage decorate ( 裝飾 )v. 偽裝camouflage disguise v. 偽裝camouflage hide v. 偽裝cardinal fundamental a. 基本的cargo shipment n. 船貨 ; 貨物celebrated famous a. 著名的central essential a. 主要的certain specified a. 指定的chancy risky a. 冒險的channel direct v. 引導channel guide v. 引導channel provide v. 提供幫助chaotic disorganized a. 混亂的cherish value v. 珍愛chief major a. 主要的chisel carve v. 刻 ; 鑿choose opt v. 選擇chronic persistent a. 長期的 ;不斷的chronic confirmed a. 長期的 ;不斷的chronic habitual a. 長期的 ;不斷的chronic inveterate a. 長期的 ;不斷的chronically constantly ad. 長期地circuitous indirect a. 迂迴的circumstance condition n. 環境 ; 情況cite quote v. 引用cite refer to v. 引用classic typical a. 典型的clear apparent a. 顯然的clear visible a. 容易看見的cling to attach to v. 附著close careful a. 嚴密的 ;周密的clue hint n. 線索coating cover n. 覆蓋層coincide with be at the same time as v. 同時發生collaborate cooperate v. 合作collaboration joint effect n. 合作成果collect gather v. 收集collide with run into v. 碰撞collide hit each other v. 碰撞commemorate celebrate v. 慶祝 ; 紀念compact compressed (結實的 ) a. 緊密的 ;簡明的compact concise a. 緊密的 ;簡明的comparable equivalent a. 可比較的compel push v. 強迫compelling convincing a. 令人信服的compensate reimburse v. 賠償 ; 補償compensate for balance phrv. 賠償 ;補償complaint protest v. 抗議complement supplement n. 補充物complement add to v. 補充completely totally ad. 完全地complex elaborate a. 複雜的complex system n. 複合物 ;綜合體complicated made things more difficult a. 複雜的complicated complex a. 複雜的component constituent a. 組成的composition mixture n. 合成物comprehensive understandable a. 能理解的comprehensive complete a. 全部的comprise form v. 組成comprise make up v. 組成concern interest v. 感興趣conclusive final a. 最後的conclusive ultimate a. 最後的conducive contributive a. 有助於 ...的configuration form n. 佈局 ;結構configuration arrangement n. 佈局 ;結構confine limit v. 限制confront face v. 面臨congeal solidify v. 使凝結consecutive successive a. 連續的consequence result n. 結果 ;重要性consequence importance n. 結果 ;重要性consequent later a. 隨後的consequent resultant a. 作為結果的consequent resulting a. 作為結果的consequential significant a. 重要的consequently therefore ad. 因此consequently thus ad. 因此conserve save v. 保存consider think about v. 考慮 ;認為consider think as v. 考慮 ;認為consider view as v. 考慮 ;認為considerable substantial a. 相當大的consist of compose of v. 由⋯組成consistent regular a. 一致的be consistent with be compatible with phr. 一致的consistently regularly ad. 一致地conspicuous notable a. 明顯的constant stable a. 固定的 ;不變的constantly always ad. 經常 ; 不斷地constellation collection n. 一系列 ;一群constellation combination n. 一系列 ;一群constitution component n. 構造constrain restrict v. 限制constraint limit n. 限制constraint restriction n. 限制consume eat up v. 消耗 ; 吃 ; 喝consumed used up v. 消耗contemplate consider v. 沉思contentious disputed a. 好爭吵的continual constant a. 不間斷的 ; 連續的continuous uninterrupted a. 連續的 ;持續的on the contrary on the other hand phr. 恰恰相反on the contrary whereas (然而 ; 反之 )phr. 恰恰相反contrive create v. 發明contrive invent v. 發明conventional customary a. 習慣的 ;慣例的conventional traditional a. 習慣的 ;慣例的converging concentrating a. 收縮的 ;會聚的convert transform v. 使轉變convert into change to v. 轉變成convict condemn v. 宣判convict sentence v. 宣判convict doom ( 判決 )v. 宣判conviction belief n. 相信 ;信念conviction strong belief n. 堅定的信念cope with deal with phrv. 應付 ;處理cope with handle phrv. 應付 ;處理core center n. 核心 ;要點correspondence harmony n. 一致corroborate confirm v. 證實 ;確證costly expensive a. 貴重的 ;昂貴的counsel advise v. 忠告counter oppose v. 反對counter of in the opposite of a. 相反的counterpart equivalent ( 同等物 )n. 複本 ;副本counterpart similitude ( 類似物 )n. 複本 ;副本counterpart version (版本 )n. 複本 ;副本countervail compensate v. 抵銷 ;對抗countervail oppose v. 抵銷 ;對抗copious plentiful a. 豐富的 ;大量的couple associate v. 與⋯聯繫起來covered included a. 隱蔽的 ;有蓋的crawl move v. 爬行 ;移動create invent v. 創作 ;產生creative inventive a. 創造的crest peak n. 頂峰critical crucial a. 關鍵的critical essential a. 關鍵的criticize debate ( 爭論 ; 辯論 )v. 批評 ;責備crucial important a. 重要的crucially decisively ad. 關鍵地crushed ground a. 碾碎了的cumbersome awkward a. 笨重的 ;麻煩的cumbersome clumsy a. 笨重的 ;麻煩的cumbersome unwieldy a. 笨重的 ;麻煩的curb control v. 控制 ; 遏止current present a. 現在的D考題答案中文dam block v. 築壩 ;控制dangle hang v. 懸擺 ;吊daring bold a. 大膽的debate argue v. 辯論 ;爭論decimate destroy v. 大量毀滅decimation destruction n. 大量毀滅degree extent n. 程度degree measure n. 程度delicate dainty a. 易碎的 ;精美的delight please v. 使高興delight pleasure n. 高興 ;愉快deluxe lavish a. 奢華的demand need n. 需要 ;需求in great demand in popularity phr. 普遍demise extinction n. 死亡demography population n. 人口統計dense crowded a. 稠密的 ;密集的dense thick a. 稠密的 ;密集的depend rely on v. 依賴 ;依靠dependable reliable a. 可信賴的depict describe v. 描述depict portray v. 描寫 ;描繪depletion drain n. 消耗 ;用盡deposit lay down v. 放下 ;放置deposit accumulate v. 沈積derive arise v. 源於 ;導出design create v. 設計designate identify v. 命名 ;指定detractor critic ( 批評者 )n. 誹謗者 ;惡意批評者detrimental harmful a. 有害的 ;不利的deviate digress v. 偏離deviation departure n. 背離devise create v. 設計 ;發明devoid of without (prep.) a. 缺乏的devoid of lack of a. 缺乏的devoid of scant of a. 缺乏的devoted dedicated a. 虔誠的 ;專心致志的devoted to concentrated on a. 虔誠的 ;專心致志的dictate order v. 命令dictate determine v. 口授 ;命令differential uneven a. 差別的 ;獨特的diffuse spread (out)v. 擴散 ;散佈diffuse travel v. 擴散 ;散佈diligent careful a. 勤奮的diligently carefully ad. 勤奮地dilute reduce v. 稀釋 ;使薄弱dim decrease v. 變暗淡disassemble break apart v. 拆開disassemble break up v. 拆開disband dismiss v. 解散 ;遣散discard throw up v. 摒棄 ;丟棄discard throw away v. 摒棄 ;丟棄discernible noticeable a. 可辨別的discernible discriminating a. 可辨別的discharge release v. 釋放disentangle disband v. 解開disgust distaste v. 厭惡disintegrate break apart v. 分解 ;碎裂disintegrate fall apart v. 分解 ;碎裂disintegrate tear apart v. 分解 ;碎裂dismantle demolish v. 拆開 ;拆除disorder anarchy n. 混亂dispensable not necessary a. 非必要的dispersal distribution n. 散佈 ;驅散displace move out of position v. 迫使 (人 )離開disposition temperament n. 性格 ;性情dispute contention n. 爭論 ;爭執dispute argument n. 爭論 ;爭執dissipate disperse v. 驅散dissipated dispersed a. 分散的dissuade discourage v. 勸阻distinct clear and recognizable a. 清楚的 ;明確的distinction difference n. 差別distinction excellence n. 優秀 ;卓越distinction honor n. 榮譽distinctive characteristic a. 有特色的distinguish notice from the difference v. 區別 ;識別distribute spread v. 分配 ;散佈distribution geographic range n. 分佈區域distribution dispersion n. 散佈disturb upset v. 打亂 ;擾亂diverse distinct a. 不同的diversification emergence of many varieties n. 多樣化diversity variety n. 多樣性divest get rid of v. 剝奪divest deprive v. 剝奪domestic home a. 家庭的 ;國內的dormant hibernated a. 休眠的 ;不活動的dormant inactive a. 休眠的 ;不活動的dramatically greatly ad. 戲劇性地drastic extreme a. 激烈的 ;極端的drastically obviously ad. 大大地 ;徹底地drastically severely (嚴重地 )ad. 大大地 ;徹底地dual double a. 雙的 ;雙重的duplicate copy v. 複製duplicate repeat n. 複本durable lasting a. 經久的 ;持久的duration length n. 為期E考題答案中文earn acquire v. 賺得 ; 贏得ease facilitate ( 使容易 )v. 使減輕 ; 使緩和eccentric erratic a. 古怪的 ; 反常的eccentric strange a. 古怪的 ; 反常的efface eliminate v. 消去elaborate detailed a. 精巧的 ; 詳盡的elaborate dainty a. 精巧的 ; 詳盡的elapsed passed a. 過去的 ; 經過的element weather condition n. （惡劣的）天氣eliminate remove v. 排除 ;消除elusive difficult to catch a. 難懂的 ; 難捉摸的emanate emerge v. 散發 ;產生embark on start v. 從事 (著手 )embed insert v. 插入 ;植入embed implant v. 插入 ;植入embed enclose v. 插入 ;植入emergence appearance n. 出現emergency crisis n. 緊急情況emergent developing a. 新興的employ use v. 利用enable allow v. 使能夠enactment establishment n. 制定encapsulate state briefly v. 概述encourage stimulate v. 激勵 ;刺激endangered not abundant a. 瀕臨絕種的endeavor enterprise n. 努力endow bestow v. 捐贈engulf swallow v. 吞沒enhance improve v. 提高 ;增強enhance intensify v. 提高 ;增強enjoy experience v. 經歷enlist obtain v. 謀取（支持、贊助等）enormous great a. 巨大的enrich enhance v. 使富足ensue result v. 因⋯產生ensuing subsequent a. 接著發生的ensure guarantee v. 保證 ;擔保entail involve v. 牽涉enthusiastic eager a. 熱情的be entitled to have the right phrv. 有⋯權利environment setting n. 環境ephemeral short-lived a. 短暫的ephemeral transient a. 短暫的episode event n. 事件equilibrium balance n. 平衡era period n. 時代 ;年代eradicate remove completely v. 根除 ;消滅erect build v. 建立erratic unpredictable a. 不穩定的 ; 古怪的erratic irregular a. 不穩定的 ; 古怪的escalate extend v. 逐步擴大essential crucial a. 極重要的established qualified a. 已制定的establishment formation ( 構成 )n. 建立 ;創立estimate projection n. 估計estimation evaluation n. 估計euphoric extremely happy a. 心情愉快的evaluate judge v. 評價eventual later a. 最後的eventually later ad. 最後eventually ultimately ad. 最後evidence proof n. 證據evident apparent a. 明顯的evident obvious a. 明顯的evoke arouse v. 喚起 ;引起evoke create in the mind v. 喚起 ;引起evoke draw v. 喚起 ;引起evoke produce v. 喚起 ;引起evoke promote v. 喚起 ;引起evoke stimulate v. 喚起 ;引起exaggerate overstate v. 誇張 ;誇大excavate dig out v. 挖掘excavation dug-out n. 挖掘exceed beyond above v. 超越 ;勝過exceed surpass v. 超越 ;勝過exceedingly extremely ad. 極其 ; 非常excess go beyond n. 超越 ;勝過exclusively only ad. 專門地 ; 獨佔地excrete expel v. 排泄 ;分泌exercise use v. 運用exhausted tired a. 精疲力竭的exhausted used up a. 耗盡的 ; 用完的exhibit demonstrate v. 展示 ;陳列exhibit display v. 展示 ;陳列expand stretch v. 展開 ;增長expand increase v. 展開 ;增長expanse area n. 一大片區域expansive large a. 廣闊的expediency advantage ( 優勢 ;利益 )n. 方便 ;利己expediency convenience n. 方便 ;利己expedient fitting a. 權宜的 ; 方便的expend use v. 耗盡explicit obvious a. 明確的 ; 清楚的explicitly clear ad. 明確地exploit take advantage of v. 利用exploit make use of v. 利用exploit utilize v. 利用explore investigate v. 探測 ;探索expose to subject to ( 遭受 )v. 使經歷express communicate v. 表達extant existing a. 現存的 ; 尚存的extant not extinct a. 現存的 ; 尚存的extant remaining a. 現存的 ; 尚存的extend stretch v. 延伸extend reach v. 延伸become extinct die out phrv. 滅絕extol praise v. 讚美extraneous inessential a. 無關的 ; 外來的extraneous from outside a. 無關的 ; 外來的extraordinary exceptional a. 異常的exude give off v. 滲出 ;發散exude release v. 滲出 ;發散F考題答案中文fabricate produce v. 製造in fact actually phr. 事實上far-reaching extensive a. 深遠的 ;廣泛的far-reaching broad a. 深遠的 ;廣泛的fascinating extremely attractive a. 迷人的fashion way n. 樣子 ; 方式fashion make v. 形成 ; 造fashionable popular a. 流行的 ;時尚的feasible achievable a. 可實行的feasible practical a. 可實行的feast eating n. 盛宴ferry transport n. 渡輪fertile reproductive a. 肥沃的 ;多產的fertile productive a. 肥沃的 ;多產的figure out map (詳細規劃 )phr. 計算出 ; 解決finding discovery n. 發現first and foremost above all phr. 首先 ; 首要地flake fragment n. 小薄片flattery praise n. 恭維flee run away from v. 逃走flexible adaptable a. 易適應的float stay on the top v. 漂浮float upward rise phrv. 浮起flourish prosper v. 繁榮 ;興旺flourish thrive v. 繁榮 ;興旺flourishing prosperous a. 繁榮的flow movement n. 流動fluctuate change v. 變動fluctuation variation n. 變動 ;起伏focal point centre area n. 焦點follow track v. 跟隨for instance for example phr. 例如 ; 譬如forage search for food v. 覓食forage feed n. 飼料formidable excessive a. 巨大的foster urge v. 培養 ;促進foster promote the development of v. 培養 ;促進foster encourage v. 鼓勵foul pollute v. 弄髒 ;污染fragment break up v. 使成碎片fragmentation break n. 破裂fragmentize break up v. 使成碎片frankly sincerely ad. 真誠地frankly openly ad. 坦白地friction conflict n. 爭執 ;不合function operation n. 效用 ;作用function utility n. 效用 ;作用fundamental basic a. 基礎的funds money n. 資金furthermore in addition ad. 此外G-H考題答案中文gap opening n. 缺口 ;裂口gear adjust v. 使適合generate produce v. 產生genuinely actually ad. 真誠地given particular a. 規定的 ; 特定的govern regulate v. 統治 ;管理govern control v. 統治 ;管理grasp understand v. 領會 ;理解groom make up v. 裝扮 ;使整潔groom clean v. 裝扮 ;使整潔groundless unfounded a. 無根據的grounds reasons n. 根據 ;理由groundwork base n. 基礎groundwork basis n. 基礎groundwork foundation n. 基礎grudging unenthusiastic a. 勉強的guarantee ensure v. 保證 ;擔保H考題答案中文hallmark characteristic n. 戳記 ;標誌hamper district v. 防礙 ;束縛hamper restrict v. 防礙 ;束縛hamper make difficulty v. 防礙 ;束縛handy convenient a. 便利的 ; 靈活的haphazard random a. 隨意的harness use v. 利用harness utilize v. 利用harsh drastic a. 嚴厲的 ; 嚴酷的hasty hurried a. 匆匆的 ; 急忙的haul pull v. 拖; 拉havoc destruction n. 浩劫hazard danger n. 危險heed notice v. 留心 ;注意heighten increase v. 增加 ;提高heir inheritor n. 繼承人 ; 後繼者hence therefore ad. 因此heritage legacy n. 遺產 ;傳統heritage tradition n. 遺產 ;傳統heterogeneous varied a. 由不同種類組成的hide conceal v. 隱藏hinder interfere with v. 妨礙hint clue n. 暗示 ;跡象hint implication n. 暗示 ;跡象hint indication n. 暗示 ;跡象hint lead n. 暗示 ;跡象hire employ v. 雇用hobby pastime n. 嗜好hold support v. 支撐 ;保持hold keep up v. 支撐 ;保持hollow an empty space n. 中空homogeneous uniform a. 同種的host of great number n. 大量however yet conj. 然而hub center n. 中心huge large a. 巨大的hurdle fence v. 用籬笆圍hypothetical supposed a. 假設的 ; 假定的I考題答案中文ice sheet glacier ( 冰河 )n. 冰原identical the same a. 同樣的idiosyncrasies peculiarity n. 特性ignite set on fire v. 點燃illusion Impression (印象 )n. 錯覺 ;幻像immediately closest ad. 接近 ; 緊接著immense great a. 巨大的immense huge a. 巨大的immense vast a. 巨大的immensely extremely ad. 非常immigration movement n. 移居immobile fixed a. 固定的 ; 靜止的immobility absence of motion n. 固定 ;靜止immoral indecent a. 不道德的immoral improper a. 不道德的impermeable impenetrable a. 不能滲透的impermeable impervious a. 不能滲透的impetus incentive n. 刺激 ;促進impetus stimulus v. 刺激 ;促進implausible unbelievable a. 難以置信的implement tool n. 工具imply indicate v. 意味imposing impressive a. 給人深刻印象的imprecise inexact a. 不精確的improbable unlikely a. 不像會發生的inaccessible unreachable a. 難接近的inadvertently unintentionally ad. 非故意地inadvertently without knowing ad. 非故意地inauspicious unfavorable a. 不吉利的incidentally by the way ad. 順便一提inclement unfavorable a. (氣候 ) 嚴酷的be inclined tend v. 傾向inconceivable unimaginable a. 難以置信的inconclusive without result ( 毫無結果 ) a. 不確定的incorporate include v. 包含incorporate merge v. 吸收 ; 併入incursion invasion n. 入侵indicate demonstrate v. 指示 ; 指出indigenous native a. 本土的 ;土生土長的indispensable significant (重要的 ) a. 必不可少的indispensable essential a. 不可缺少的indispensable necessary a. 不可缺少的indispensable needed a. 不可缺少的indispensable required a. 不可缺少的indispensable vital a. 不可缺少的induce bring v. 引起induce cause v. 引起ineffectively without any result ad. 無效地inert motionless a. 遲緩的 ;惰性的inert motiveless a. 遲緩的 ;惰性的inevitable unavoidable a. 不可避免的inference conclusion n. 推斷的結果infirm weak a. 不堅定的 ;衰弱的inflate expand v. 膨脹 ; 擴大infrastructure foundation n. 基礎建設ingenious very clever a. 心靈手巧的ingenuity cleverness n. 心靈手巧 ;獨創性ingenuity creativeness n. 心靈手巧 ;獨創性ingenuity inventiveness n. 心靈手巧 ;獨創性ingenuity resourcefulness n. 心靈手巧 ;獨創性inherent essential a. 內在的 ;固有的inherent internal a. 內在的 ;固有的inherent instinctive a. 與生俱來的inherent in characteristic of a. 與生俱來的inherently essentially ad. 固有地inhibit hinder v. 約束 ;抑制inhospitable unfavorable a. 冷淡的 ;不適宜的inhospitable adverse a. 冷淡的 ;不適宜的initial first a. 最初的initially originally ad. 最初 ; 開頭initiate begin v. 開始 ;創始initiate start v. 開始 ;創始innovation new n. 革新 ;創新innovative new a. 創新的inordinate excessive a. 過度的Instant moment n. 片刻 ;瞬間instantaneous immediate a. 即刻的instigate incite v. 唆使 ;煽動instructive informative v. 富有教育意義的insufficient inadequate a. 不足的intact untouched a. 完好的intangible nonmaterial a. 無形的intangible immaterial a. 無形的integral essential a. 構成整體所需要的intense strong a. 強烈的intentionally deliberately ad. 有意地 ; 故意地intermediate in-between a. 中間的 ; n. 媒介intimate close a. 親密的intricate carefully shaped a. 複雜的intricate complex a. 複雜的intrigue interest v. 引發⋯興趣intriguing fascinating a. 迷人的intrinsic essential a. 本質的 ;內在的intrinsic inherent a. 本質的 ;內在的intrusive invasive a. 侵入的invade move into v. 入侵 ;侵犯invaluable highly useful a. 極寶貴的Invariably always ad. 始終如一地 ; 一貫地invent devise v. 發明inviolable without exception a. 不可違背的inviolable allowing no attack a. 不可違背的invoke appeal v. 懇求 ,祈求irrecoverable permanent a. 不能挽回的irreparable isolated permanentseparateda. 不能挽回的a. 孤立的 ; 分離的J-LJ~K考題答案中文jettison release v. 拋棄jolt shock v. 震動 ;震驚judge estimate v. 評判junction connection n. 連接 ;接合juncture connection n. 連接 ;接合justified right a. 正當的justify prove v. 證明 ...是正當的key significant a. 重要的 ; 關鍵的L考題答案中文lading cargo n. 貨物lading shipment n. 貨物landscape scenery n. 風景 ;景色large extensive a. 大的 ;大量的largely mostly ad. 大部分 ; 主要地launch initial v. 發起 ; 發動launch initiate v. 發起 ; 發動launch start v. 發起 ; 發動legitimacy authority n. 合法性of legitimacy lawful a. 合法的legitimately properly ad. 正當地 ; 合法地leisure free time n. 閒暇leisurely slowly a. 悠閒的 ; 從容不迫地lethal fateful a. 致命的lethal deadly a. 致命的liberal extensive a. 寬大的of likelihood probable a. 可能的liken to compare v. 比較likewise similarly ad. 同樣地linger wander v. 徘徊 ; 漫步linger stroll v. 徘徊 ; 漫步link put together v. 連接 ; 結合link consist of v. 連接 ; 結合link connect v. 連接listening advertent a. 留神聽的livelihood means of support n. 生活 ;生計locale place n. 現場 ;場所locate find v. 找出lucrative profitable a. 有利益的luxuriant thriving a. 茂盛的Mmagnify enlarge v. 放大magnitude extent n. 巨大 ;廣大magnitude amount n. 量 ; 大小maintain continue v. 維持 ;使繼續majestic magnificent a. 壯觀的make their way travel phrv. 前進malleable pliable a. 有延展性的 ;可塑的mandatory required a. 強制的 ;義務的mandatory obligatory a. 強制的 ;義務的manifest reveal v. 表明 ;顯現manipulate control v. 操縱marked considerable a. 顯著的markedly distinctly ad. 顯著地mask cover v. 遮避 ;掩護 ;偽裝mask disguise v. 遮避 ;掩護 ;偽裝massive enormous a. 巨大的massive huge a. 巨大的mastery control n. 控制matter issue n. 問題 ;事件maximum greatest size n. 最大量mean average n. 平均值merely no more than ad. 僅僅merely only ad. 僅僅merely simply ad. 僅僅merge blend v. 合併 ;融合merge combine v. 合併 ;融合meticulously carefully ad. 小心地microbe germ n. 微生物 ; 細菌milestone significant event n. 里程碑 ; 劃時代的事件milky way galaxy n. 銀河mimic imitate v. 模仿mimic copy v. 模仿miniature small a. 微型的minuscule tiny a. 微型的minute very small a. 微小的minute tiny a. 微小的minutely in detail ad. 詳細地 ; 精密地minutely finely ad. 詳細地 ; 精密地mirror reflect v. 反映 ;反射misconception wrong idea n. 誤解misleading erroneous a. 使人誤解的misleading inaccurate a. 使人誤解的misunderstanding wrong idea n. 誤解misunderstanding false idea n. 誤解mock pretend v. 模仿modest limited ( 有限的 ) a. 適度的modest not too large ( 不大的 ) a. 適度的modification alteration n. 修改 ;改變momentous significant a. 重要的monitor observe v. 監控 ;監視monopolize dominate ( 支配 )v. 獨佔 ;壟斷monotone tedious a. 單調的 ; 乏味的monotonous boring a. 單調的 ; 無聊的moreover additionally ad. 此外moreover in addition ad. 此外motif pattern n. 圖案set in motion start phrv. 開動mount climb v. 登上mount grow v. 增長mount increase v. 增長mundane material a. 世俗的 ; 平凡的mundane ordinary a. 世俗的 ; 平凡的myriad countless a. 大量的 ; 無數的myriad innumerable a. 大量的 ; 無數的myriad numerous a. 大量的 ; 無數的N-ON考題答案中文narrow limit v. 使變窄nature character n. 天性 ; 本質nearly almost ad. 幾乎 ; 差不多necessary required a. 必要的needless to say obvious phr. 不用說nevertheless however ad. 然而 ; 儘管nevertheless in spite of ad. 然而 ; 儘管nocturnal nighttime a. 夜間的notable important a. 顯著的 ;重要的notable outstanding a. 顯著的 ;重要的note record v. 記錄have nothing to do with in no relation to phrv. 不相干noticeable obvious a. 顯而易見的notwithstanding despite prep. 雖然 ; 儘管O考題答案中文objective purpose n. 目標oblige force v. 強迫obscure conceal v. 使變暗 ; 遮掩obscure hide v. 使模糊obscure unclear a. 模糊的obscure not clear a. 模糊的obsession with fixation on n. 癡迷 ;迷戀obtain acquire v. 取得 ;獲得obvious evident a. 明顯的occasion event n. 重大活動offset make up v. 補償 ;抵銷offset compensate v. 補償 ;抵銷offset balance v. 補償 ;抵銷old male aged male n. 老人omit exclude v. 遺漏 ;刪去omit neglect v. 遺漏 ;刪去ongoing current a. 進行的onset beginning n. 開始onset start n. 開始opaque impenetrable a. 難理解的optimal most advantageous a. 最佳的option choice n. 選項 ;選擇orchestrate stage-manage v. 精心安排orientation perspective n. 觀點orientation introduction n. 介紹originally at the first ad. 起初 ; 原來ornament decorate v. 裝飾ornamental decorative a. 裝飾的ornamentation decoration n. 裝飾outbreak sudden increase v. 爆發 ;突然發生outcome result n. 結果outermost farthermost away a. 最遠的overview summary n. 概要overwhelming powerful a. 壓倒性的P-QP~Q考題答案中文pacify assuage v. 使平靜paradox contrary n. 相反 ; 矛盾paradoxically seemingly contradictory ad. 似非而是地parcel out distribute phrv. 把 ...分成幾份 ; 分配pare away remove v. 修掉 ; 削減patch spot n. 斑點patch area n. 小塊土地partly in some degree ad. 部份地peak highest point n. 高峰（期）peak maximum n. 高峰（期）peak time of the greatest period n. 高峰（期）peculiar strange a. 奇怪的 ; 獨特的penetrate enter v. 穿入 ; 穿透perceptible appreciable a. 可感知的perceptible noticeable a. 可感知的peril danger n. 危險perilous dangerous a. 危險的perilous risky a. 危險的perilous hazardous a. 危險的perilous toxic a. 危險的periodically from time to time ad. 週期性地periodically regularly ad. 週期性地perishable easy to spoil a. 易腐壞的permanent lasting a. 永恆的permeate penetrate v. 滲透 ; 瀰漫permit allow v. 允許perpetual constant a. 永久的 ;連續的persist continue v. 堅持 ; 持續persist last v. 堅持 ; 持續persistent long lasting a. 耐久的personality character n. 個性 ;性格pertinent relevant a. 相關的pervasive widespread a. 普遍的phenomenal extraordinary a. 異常的phenomena [pl.]events n. 現象phenomenon observable fact n. 現象phenomenon occurrence n. 現象piecing joining n. 接合pigment color n. 色素pigmentation coloring n. （生物的）天然顏色pigmentation dye n. 染色pinnacle high point n. 頂點 ;頂峰pinpoint describe precisely v. 準確地解釋或說明pinpoint clearly identify v. 準確地解釋或說明pinpoint precise a. 精確的plausible paradoxical a. 似是而非的plausible believable a. 貌似有理的pledge promise n. 保證 ;誓言plumage feather n. 羽毛within the ordinary citizen'sa. 負擔得起的affordablepocketbookpopular widespread a. 流行的 ;廣泛的popular broad appeal a. 流行的 ;廣泛的pore hole n. 毛孔 ;細孔pore space (空間 )n. 毛孔 ;細孔portion part n. 一部分portion constituent n. 一部分pose place v. 擺姿勢 ;展現pose present v. 擺姿勢 ;展現posit propose v. 斷定 ; 假定posit suggest v. 斷定 ; 假定posit assume v. 斷定 ; 假定postulate presume v. 假定postulate hypotheses v. 假定potent powerful a. 有力的potential possible a. 潛在的 ;可能的practically nearly ad. 幾乎 ; 差不多precarious insecure a. 不穩定的 ; 危險的precede be beyond v. 高於 ; 超出precede come before v. 在⋯之前precious valuable a. 寶貴的precipitate bring about v. 使⋯突然發生precision accuracy n. 精確 ; 正確preclude rule out v. 排除 ; 阻止predicament difficult situation n. 尷尬的處境 ; 困境predicament serious situation n. 尷尬的處境 ; 困境prediction prophecy n. 預言predominant most aggressive a. 佔優勢的predominant very noticeable a. 佔優勢的predominant principal a. 佔優勢的predominantly primitively ad. 佔優勢地predominately mainly ad. 主要地preeminent foremost a. 卓越的 ;顯著的premise assumption n. 假定 ; 前提premise assume v. 假定 ; 前提preoccupation with concentration on phr. 專注於preordain appoint v. 預定 ; 註定preordain foreordain v. 預定 ; 註定preordain ordain v. 預定 ; 註定prerequisite requirement n. 必要條件prerequisite something needed to happen n. 必要條件prerequisite something required n. 必要條件preserve protect v. 保存 ; 保護preserve retain v. 保存 ; 保護preserve save v. 保存 ; 保護presumable probably a. 可推測的 ; 可能有的prevailing dominant a. 佔優勢的prevailing popular a. 流行的prevalent common a. 普遍的 ;流行的prevalent prevailing a. 普遍的 ;流行的previous past a. 先前的 ;以往的。
TOEFL托福听力及阅读专业词汇
TOEFL托福听力及阅读专业词汇托福听力及阅读专业词汇：气象学meteorology气象meteorologist气象学家meteorological station气象站forecast(predict)预报climate气候atmosphere大气层troposphere对流层stratosphere平流层cold front冷锋warm air mass热气团current(气)流vapor蒸汽evaporate蒸发damp(wet,moist,humid)潮湿humidity湿度moisture潮湿/水分saturate饱和dew露frost霜fog(mist)雾smog烟雾droplet小水condense浓缩crystal水晶体downpour(torrential rain)大雨tempest(storm)/ (torrential rain)暴风雨drizzle细雨shower阵雨hail冰雹blizzard(snowstorm)暴风雪avalanche(snow slide)雪崩precipitation(雨、露、雪等)降水thunder雷breeze微风sandstorm沙暴monsoon季风gale大风whirlwind旋风typhoon台风hurricane飓风tornado(twister, catastrophe)龙卷风upper atmosphere上层大气funnel漏斗，漏斗云disaster(calamity, catastrophe)灾难devastation破坏submerge淹没drought旱灾convection对流wind velocity风速wind scale风级wind direction风向long-range forecast长期预报numerical weather prediction数值天气预报nephanalysis云层分析，卫星云图stratus层云carbon dioxide release二氧化碳排放purify净化acid rain酸雨sewage disposal污水处理waste disposal废物处理environment protection环境保护托福听力及阅读专业词汇：微生物学microorganism/microbe微生物microbiology微生物学antibody抗体toxin 毒素immunity免疫immunology免疫学vaccine疫苗fungus(fungi)真菌bacteria细菌fermentation发酵inflection传染(感染)virus毒素disinfection消毒sterilization灭菌food chain食物链托福听力及阅读专业词汇：能源和环境fossilfuel 矿物燃料processofphotosynthesis 光合作用solarenergy 太阳能nonrenewable 不可再生的energyconservation 保护能源resource 资源energysource 能源资源tidalenergy 潮汐能源trafficjam 交通堵塞fuel-efficient 节能型的rushhour 高峰期pollute 污染zeroemission 零辐射wildness 野生/天然preservation 保护atmosphere 大气climate 气候carbon 碳dioxide 二氧化物burningofcoalandoil 煤油燃烧globalwarming 全球变暖greenhouseeffect 温室效应riseinsealevel 海平面上升melt 融化，熔化long-termclimaticchange 长期的气候变化 environmental 环境的,环境论recyclingcenter 再循环利用中心litter/trashbag/garbage 垃圾airpollution 空气污染pollutant 污染物desertification 沙漠化deforest 滥伐森林flood 水灾drought 干旱watershortage 水源缺乏offshorespillage 近海岸溢出carbondioxiderelease 二氧化碳排放industrialsewage 工业污水upperatmosphere 上层大气recycling 再循环purify 净化deteriorate 恶化acidrain 酸雨foodchain 食物链sewagedisposal 污水处理ozonelayer 臭氧层wastedisposal 废物处理emission (汽车废气的)排放soot 烟尘elnino 厄尔尼诺现象托福听力及阅读专业词汇：天文学astronomy天文学astronomical天文的astronomical observatory天文台planetarium天文馆astronomer天文学家astrophysics天文物理学astrology占星学pseudoscience伪科学cosmos(universe)宇宙infinite无限的cosmic宇宙的cosmic radiation宇宙辐射cosmic rays宇宙射线celestial天体的celestial body(heavenly body)天体celestial map(sky atlas)天体图celestial sphere天球dwarf(dwarf star)矮星quasar类星体constellation星座galaxy(Milky Way)银河系star cluster星团asterism星群solar system太阳系solar corona日冕solar eclipse日食solar radiation太阳辐射satellite卫星planet行星comet彗星planetoid(asteroid)小行星revolve旋转twinkle闪烁naked eye肉眼Mercury水星Venus金星Earth地球Mars火星Jupiter木星Saturn土星Uranus天王星Neptune海王星Pluto冥王星orbit轨道spin旋转lunar月球的meteor流星meteor shower流星雨meteoroid流星体meteorite陨石space(outer space)太空，外层空间spacecraft(spaceship)宇宙飞船spaceman(astronaut)宇航员space suit宇航服space shuttle航天飞机space telescope空间望远镜star恒星stellar恒星的intergalactic星系间的interstellar恒星间的interplanetary行星间的asteroid小行星nebula星云space debris太空垃圾ammonia氨corona日冕chromosphere色球photosphere光球convection zone对流层vacuum真空absolute magnitude绝对量级radiation辐射emission发射/散发high-resolution高清晰度interferometer干扰仪illusive object幻影体faint微弱的image影像gravitational吸引力molten熔化的(金属、岩石) leap year闰年rotation自转revolution公转sunspot太阳黑子black hole黑洞ultraviolet ray紫外线infrared ray红外线luminosity光度light year光年。
TPO 阅读重点词汇
far-reaching深远的
fascinating迷人的
necessary必要的
temporary临时的
ritual仪式
ceremonial仪式的
military军事的
physical身体的；物理的
permanent永恒的
fleeing消失
running away from从。。逃跑
hung悬挂
grown长大的；成年的
protected保护；防卫
spread out展开；铺张
afford提供；买得起
offer提供
prevent预防，防止
increase增加
remove移动，迁移
overwhelming压倒性的；
powerful强大的
favorable有利的；赞成的
current现在的
exchange交换；兑换
movement乐章；运转
marked有记号的；显著的
considerable重要的，值得考虑的
surprising意外的
limited有限的
adequate适当的
principal最重要的；校长
major重要的
likely可能的；合适的
well protected受保护的
initial最初的
unprecedented空前的
unlike anything in the past不像过去的
任何事
difficult to control难以控制
without any restriction没有任何限制
rapidly expanding迅速扩张
virtually实际上；几乎
TPO阅读生词
TPO11saturate v.浸透;使湿透;渗透;使充满meteoric adj.流星的;大气的;疾速的precipitation n.降水，降水量emerge v.浮现,脱出,形成grain n.谷物;谷粒;谷类unconsolidated adj.未合并的，未统一的：gravel n.砂砾;砂砾层coarse adj.粗糙的,粗俗的,下等的deposit n.存款,堆积物,定金v.存放;堆积;沉淀scale n.刻度;刻度尺;尺度;比率#天平,秤;天平盘,秤盘#鳞,鱼鳞;鳞状物;介壳;障物spread n.传播,伸展,散布v.使伸展,使延伸;展开;张开;摊开;伸展,延伸;传开;延长;蔓延fanwise adv.adj.扇形的thick adj.厚的,浓的,粗壮的adv.厚厚地;浓浓地;密集地;强烈地n.最浓处,最密集处,最厚处sandbar n.沙洲gap n.缝隙,间断,缺口plug n.塞子,栓;插头,插塞;堵塞物;火花塞,点火栓v.堵,插上,塞;苦干,苦读;连接;接通电源;枪击cement n.水泥;接合剂v.接合;巩固;用水泥涂;粘牢percolate v.过滤;使浸透;使渗出;过滤;浸透;渗出form n.形状,形式,表格;构架,模具;留有空行有待填写的档案;合适,健康;情绪;种类;分级;风俗,社会标准;次序,规则;格式;包括接收使用者输入选择的超文件档案区域(计算机,因特网用语)v.形成;塑造;构成;构;成形;排,列;被形成;开始形成proportion n.比例,部份,均衡v.使成比例,分摊,使均衡consist v.组成,构成;一致,符合;在于,存在于basalt n.玄武岩permeability n.渗透;可透性;渗透性;导磁性crevice n.裂缝drain n.排水沟;排水;消耗v.排出沟外;耗尽;喝干;排水;流干cling v.粘紧;紧贴;附着tension n.紧张,拉紧,不安instant n.立即,瞬间adj.立即的,即时的porosity n.多孔性,有孔性2speculation n.思索;推测;沉思;投机concrete n.水泥,混凝土v.使凝固;用混凝土修筑;使结合;浇混凝土于;凝结,固结adj.具体的,水泥的,实在的anthropologist n.人类学者;人类学家envision v.想象;预想briefly adv.暂时地;简要地attribute n.属性;标志,象征;特质,特性;定语v.归于,属于desirable adj.值得向往的;令人满意的;值得拥有的;富有魅力的occurrence n.发生,发现,事件favor(Amer.)n.赞成,赞同;偏袒;偏爱;善意的行为apparent adj.显然的;外观上的certain adj.确定的,必然的,某refine v.提炼,精炼;提去;精制;使升华,使...的道德完善;被提炼,被提纯;变得优雅精美;变纯净;琢磨,推敲modify v.更改,修改;修饰;缓和,减轻rite n.仪式,习俗,典礼feat n.壮举,技艺表演,功绩elaborate v.精心制作;详细阐述;详细说明;变得复杂;详尽计划adj.精细的,精心的,详尽的pantomime n.手势,舞剧,哑剧v.用手势传达;演哑剧;用手势示意virtuosity n.精湛技艺;艺术爱好者;对艺术品的爱好;古董收藏家instinct n.本能,直觉detach v.分开;分遣;分离sufficient adj.充份的,足够的norm n.基准,标准,模范aesthetic adj.美学的;艺术的;美的;审美的3subtropics n.亚热带,副热带deciduous adj.每年落叶的,非永久性的broadleaf adj.阔叶的birch n.桦树,桦条,桦木v.用桦条鞭打deform v.使残缺,使变形;变畸形;变形duration n.持续时间;为期prone adj.有...倾向的,易于...的;倾斜的;俯卧的,面向下的;陡的cessation n.停止browse n.嫩叶,嫩芽,嫩枝;浏览;吃草v.吃叶;浏览,随便翻阅;吃;吃;随便翻阅;吃...上的草;随意观看ibex n.野生山羊bud n.芽;花蕾;叶芽;萌芽,未成熟的事物#小孩,少女v.发芽,抽芽;啄食嫩芽;开始生长;使发芽;接;发芽生出moss n.苔藓,泥沼crucial adj.决定性的,严厉的,重要的equatorial adj.赤道的;酷热的;赤道附近的TPO21cetacean n.鲸类动物;鲸porpoise n.海豚,小鲸fluke n.锚爪#侥幸#比目鱼disguise n.假面目,假装v.假装,隐瞒affinity n.倾向,喜好,本性;密切关系;姻亲关系;类同dwelling n.住处,寓所,住宅breed n.品种;种类,类型v.产,孵;养育;使繁殖,饲养;培育;生产;繁殖,育种;孕育;滋生,产生vestigial adj.留有痕迹的;退化的;残余的rear n.后部,后面;后方;背后,背面;后尾v.抚养,培养;栽种,培植;饲养;竖起,举起;高耸;用后腿站起;暴跳adj.后面的,背后的,后部的;殿后的;后方的propulsion n.推进,推进力2border n.边缘,边沿;边界,国界,边境;饰边,滚边;应用视窗四面的框架(计算机用语)v.与...接壤;接近;毗邻,接界;近似potential n.潜在性,可能性adj.有潜力的,潜在的,可能的margin n.页边的空白;极限;边缘severe adj.严厉的,剧烈的,严格的excessive adj.过度的,极端的,格外的pulverization n.研碎;彻底摧毁;粉碎;毁灭conditioner n.调节器;调节剂;调节员;教练drainage n.排水rigorously adv.严厉地;残酷地3consumption n.消费;消耗device n.装置;图案;设计;可以发送或接受数据的硬件成分(计算机用语)parlor n.客厅;休息室,接待室;起居室;店permit n.通行证,执照,许可证v.允许,容许purchase n.购买,价值,购买品v.买,购买;用起重装置举起;赢得,努力取得,获得admission n.加入许可;入场券;承认,坦白vaudeville n歌舞杂耍表演（提供多种短小节目的舞台娱乐演出）makeshift n.临时代用品;权宜之计adj.临时代用的;权宜的fairground n.举行赛会的场所;露天市场minstrel n.吟游诗人manipulation n.处理;操纵;操作TPO31aspiration n.渴望;热望feasible1adj.切实可行的mediocre adj.平常的，普通的integral1adj.组成的,整的,不可分割的brick n.砖;砖块状物;砖块;积木v.用砖砌organ n.风琴,机关,器官plumbing n[U]（建筑物的）管道装置igloo n(pl~s)（爱斯基摩人用坚硬雪块砌成的临时栖身用的）拱形圆顶小屋. permanence n[U]永久;永恒;恒久arduous adj.费力的,艰难的pile n.堆;大量;一堆;大数目#柱,桩#绒毛;软毛,茸毛v.堆积,叠;把...堆在;累积;装;堆积;拥,挤;累积;把桩打入;用桩支撑beam n.1.大梁;2.(光线的)束,柱semicircular adj.半圆形的.span v.跨越n.跨度,一段时间divert v.转移,(使)转向2rancher n.大农(牧)场主或工人formation n.1.形成,构成2.固定形状；编队estimate1vt.估计indicate1vt.指示,指出;象征,表明onward1adj.[attrib作定语](espfml较文)向前的;前进的spray n.喷雾,飞沫v.向...喷射,喷sorghum n[U]高粱.wheat n[U]小麦finite adj（时间、空间）有限的；非永久性的negligible adj不重要的;很小的;不值得考虑的drastically adv.大大地;激烈地;彻底地withdrawal v.提取，收回pump n.泵v.(用泵)抽(水),抽吸project n.计划,方案v.投射,射出;设计,计划conserve v.保存,保藏crisis n(plcrises)[C,U]危机;（疾病、生命、历史等的）决定性时刻grandiose adj(usuderog通常作贬义)庞大的;浮夸的pipeline n.管道,输送管道capillary n.毛细血管3climax n.高峰,顶点cumulative adj（数量、力量等）渐增的,累积的pond n.池塘definition n（轮廓等）清晰（指轮廓非常分明的状态）；定义，释义（对意思确切的阐述）resilience n[U]1弹性;弹力;迅速恢复的能力;适应性2（指人）乐观的性情:pale adj.(颜色或指不健康的)苍白的,暗淡的TPO41restrict1v.限制,约束meadow n[C,U]草地;（尤指）牧场;（河边的）低洼地cedar n(a)[C]雪松hemlock n1[C,U]毒芹（有毒,开小白花）.2[U]由毒芹提取的毒药alder n桤木（桦木科,通常生长于沼泽地带）.arboreal adj.树栖的;树的,乔木的fodder n[U]（马及其他牲畜的）饲料,草料,秣fluctuate1v.波动,起伏bemoan v(sb/sth)为（某人[某事物]）而悲伤,抱怨:succulent adj.多汁的,多水分的starve v.挨饿elk n.麋鹿picturesquely adv.如画地,别致地;生动地plight n.(恶劣的)情势,困境cougar n美洲狮lynx n猞猁2trace1n.痕迹;v.跟踪；追溯backdrop n.舞台背景;背景reveal v.展现;揭露horn n1（牛、鹿、羊等动物的）角.2[C]（乐器中的）号:3[C]示警装置:4[C]像动物的角之物（如蜗牛的触角）.5[C]（新月的）钩尖.bovine adj1牛的;关于牛的.2(derog贬)迟钝的;笨拙的portrayal n1[U]画像;描述;描写;扮演.2[C]描摹;表现spear n.矛figurine n小塑像;（尤指）人的雕像fertility n[U]肥沃;多产;丰富3derrick n1转臂起重机;（尤指轮船上的）桅杆起重机.2井架;钻塔spout1n[C]1供液体流出的凸起管状物（如落水管或茶壶嘴）:2（喷出的）液体流,液体柱.3没指望;毁坏;完蛋v1（指液体）喷出,涌出:(b)喷出,涌出（液体）:(c)（指鲸）喷水.2口,通常作贬义没完没了地大声吟诵（诗歌等）或说话gusher n喷油井（自动流出的油井）.kerosene n.煤油slick2n海面浮油（尤指从撞毁的油轮中流出的）ashore adv上岸;上陆;在岸上;在陆上TPO51nitrate n硝酸盐ion n化或物,离子notorious adj臭名昭著的;声名狼藉的tolerate v1容忍（不喜欢或不赞成的某事物）2忍受（某人[某事]）3能服用（药等）;能经受（治疗）depletion n削减;消耗stunt2v[尤用于被动语态]阻碍（某事物[某人]）的正常生长或发展deficient adj(a)[通常作表语]缺乏;缺少:(b)不完全的;不完美的;不适当的;不充足的slender adj(-er,-est)1细长的;纤细的(b)（指人）瘦长的,苗条的2微薄的;不足的;微少的anthocyanin n.花青素discoloration n(a)[U]变色;退色(b)[C]变色点;退色点;污点petiole n.叶柄;柄部phosphorus n[U](chemistry化)(a)磷.(b)红磷omit v(-tt-)1未做某事物;忘记做某事物;不做某事物;忽略;疏忽:2未包括,不包括（某事物）;省略;删除;遗漏;排除chloride n氯化物mercury n汞;水银pathogen n病菌；病原体scenario n(pl~s)1（电影、戏剧等的）脚本、剧情概要等.2想象中的未来事情的顺序harvest1n1(a)收割;收获.(b)收获季节;收获期:(c)收成;收获量:2结果TPO61harnessing v.给（马等）装上挽具(harness的现在分词)；治理，利用reciprocating adj.往复的；交互的；摆动的n.往复v.往复运动（reciprocate的ing形式）；互给；报答rotary adj.旋转的，转动的；轮流的n.旋转式机器；[动力]转缸式发动机rivaled n.对手；竞争者vt.与…竞争；比得上某人vi.竞争adj.竞争的n.(Rival)人名；(英、法、西)里瓦尔lamp n.灯；照射器vt.照亮vi.发亮n.(Lamp)人名；(英、德、匈、瑞典)兰普flickering adj.闪烁的，忽隐忽现的；摇曳的v.闪烁（flicker的ing形式）gaslit adj.以煤气灯照明的blast n.爆炸；冲击波；一阵vi.猛攻vt.爆炸；损害；使枯萎n.(Blast)人名；(德)布拉斯特furnaces n.炉子，[炉窑]熔炉（furnace复数形式）canal n.运河；[地理]水道；[建]管道；灌溉水渠vt.在…开凿运河n.(Canal)人名；(英、法、西、意、葡)卡纳尔；(土)贾纳尔terrain n.[地理]地形，地势；领域；地带ingredient n.原料；要素；组成部分adj.构成组成部分的wagon n.货车，四轮马车vt.用运货马车运输货物n.(Wagon)人名；(法、德)瓦贡2surveyor n.测量员；检验员parish n.教区地方行政区strata n.层；[地质]地层；阶层n.(Strata)人名；(意、塞)斯特拉塔meticulously adv.细致地；一丝不苟地；拘泥地stratum n.（组织的）层；[地质]地层；社会阶层temporal adj.暂时的；当时的；现世的n.世间万物；暂存的事物n.(Temporal)人名；(法)唐波拉尔valid adj.有效的；有根据的；合法的；正当的3toddler n.学步的小孩；幼童装TPO71tearinto猛攻：抢夺食物；3hoe n锄头（用于割草、耕作及园艺）TPO81edifices n.大厦；大建筑物obsidian n.黑曜石prosperous adj.繁荣的；兴旺的2basin n.水池；流域；盆地；盆n.(Basin)人名；(俄)巴辛；(法)巴赞crippled adj.残废的，跛腿的v.使成跛子；使受伤致残（cripple的过去分词形式）cope vi.处理；对付；竞争n.长袍n.(Cope)人名；(英)科普；(西)科佩bombard vt.轰炸；炮击n.射石炮n.(Bombard)人名；(法)邦巴尔eradicated adj.画着根的v.摆脱；擦掉；连根拔起（eradicate的过去分词）3relics n.遗迹；遗骸；纪念物（relic的复数）TPO91impetus n.动力；促进；冲力2collaborative adj.合作的，协作的3drenching n.湿透bowels n.内脏（尤指人的肠）；同情心；勇气（bowel的复数）v.取出…的肠子（bowel的第三人称单数）fern n.[植]蕨；[植]蕨类植物mosses n.[植]苔藓，藓类；[植]苔藓植物（moss的复数）n.(Mosses)人名；(法)莫斯propagate vt.传播；传送；繁殖；宣传vi.繁殖；增殖angiosperm n.[植]被子植物gossamer n.蛛丝；薄纱；小蜘蛛网adj.轻飘飘的；薄弱的vicissitudes n.变迁；兴衰；枯荣；（人生的）盛衰（vicissitude的复数）encapsulated adj.密封的；包在荚膜内的v.压缩（encapsulate的过去分词）；封进内部；装入胶囊TPO101porcelain n.瓷；瓷器adj.瓷制的；精美的ceramics n.制陶术，制陶业（ceramic的复数）prosperous adj.繁荣的；兴旺的instigated vt.唆使；煽动；教唆；怂恿cobalt n.[化学]钴；钴类颜料；由钴制的深蓝色2interval n.间隔；间距；幕间休息proxy n.代理人；委托书；代用品intriguing adj.有趣的；迷人的v.引起…的兴趣；策划阴谋；私通（intrigue的ing形式）3textile n.纺织品，织物adj.纺织的cottage n.小屋；村舍；（农舍式的）小别墅ravages n.毁坏后的残迹；劫掠后的残迹；破坏的结果（ravage的复数）v.破坏（ravage的第三人称单数形式）；毁坏spun adj.纺成的v.纺（spin的过去分词）；旋转wove adj.布纹的n.布纹纸v.织布（weave的过去式）n.(Wove)人名；(英)沃夫scant adj.不足的；缺乏的；勉强够的vt.减少；节省；限制remuneration n.报酬；酬劳，赔偿rye n.黑麦；吉卜赛绅士adj.用黑麦制成的n.(Rye)人名；(英)赖伊promissory adj.约定的；允诺的；约定支付的equivalent adj.等价的，相等的；同意义的n.等价物，相等物currency n.货币；通货TPO111distinctive adj.有特色的，与众不同的forms n.表格（form的复数形式）；表单；窗体v.形成（form的第三人称单数）；培养；制作frontality n.（绘画及雕塑中对人物、风景等的）正面描绘decorative adj.装饰性的；装潢用的cults n.邪教；教派；崇拜的对象；狂热崇拜（cult的复数）n.(Cults)人名；(英)卡尔茨recipients n.收件人（recipient的复数）divine adj.神圣的；非凡的；天赐的；极好的vt.占卜；预言；用占卜勘探vi.占卜；预言；使用占卜勘探矿n.牧师；神学家n.(Divine)人名；(英)迪万shrines 圣地神殿神龛圣祠（shrine的复数）pylons n.[交]桥塔（pylon的复数）；架线塔pillars n.柱子；柱状物；台柱（pillar的复数）v.用柱支持（pillar的第三人称单数）compactness n.简洁；紧密；密实度；紧密度breakage n.破坏；破损；裂口；破损量wrapping n.包装纸，包装材料adj.包装用的v.裹住（wrap的ing形式）deities n.神明，神灵（deity的复数）depicts vt.描述；描画generic adj.类的；一般的；属的；非商标的bending n.弯曲度v.弯曲（bend的ing形式）squatting n.[水运]航行尾倾v.蹲；坐落于（squat的ing形式）2compass n.指南针，罗盘；圆规vt.包围overcast adj.阴天的；阴暗的；愁闷的vt.使沮丧；包缝；遮蔽operating adj.操作的；[外科]外科手术的v.操作（operate的ing形式）；动手术magnetism n.磁性，磁力；磁学；吸引力sensory adj.感觉的；知觉的；传递感觉的TPO121trace vi.追溯；沿路走vt.追踪，查探；描绘；回溯n.痕迹，踪迹；微量；[仪]迹线；缰绳stencils n.模板；钢板；[印刷]模版印刷（stencil的复数形式）implies v.意味着（imply的第三人称单数）；蕴含；暗指sprayed adj.喷雾的v.喷射；散布（spray的过去式和过去分词）palm n.手掌；棕榈树；掌状物vt.将…藏于掌中n.(Palm)人名；(英)帕姆；(瑞典)帕尔姆；(法、德、俄、捷、芬、挪)帕尔姆depicted vt.描述；描画wounded adj.受伤的n.受伤者，伤员v.使受伤（wound的过去分词）healed 恢复spiraling adj.盘旋的；成螺旋形的v.盘旋着上升或下降；成螺旋状旋转（spiral的ing形式）feature n.特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目vi.起重要作用vt.特写；以…为特色；由…主演rotated adj.旋转的v.旋转；使…转动；循环（rotate的过去分词）clockwise adv.顺时针方向地adj.顺时针方向的flakes n.鳞片；白点；发裂sequence n.[数][计]序列；顺序；续发事件vt.按顺序排好crescent n.新月；新月状物；伊斯兰教的标记；土耳其的新月形国徽adj.新月形的；逐渐增加的vt.以新月形物装饰；使成新月形n.(Crescent)人名；(法)克雷桑cortex n.[解剖]皮质；树皮；果皮cerebral adj.大脑的，脑的asymmetrical adj.[数]非对称的（等于asymmetric）；不均匀的；不匀称的2theatrical adj.戏剧性的；剧场的，戏剧的；夸张的；做作的phrased n.短语,习语,措辞,乐句vt.措词,将(乐曲)分成乐句conceals vt.隐藏；隐瞒triumph n.胜利，凯旋；欢欣vi.获得胜利，成功aesthetic adj.美的；美学的；审美的，具有审美趣味的suppressed adj.抑制的，发育不全的v.镇压，禁止（suppress的过去时和过去分词）perspective n.观点；远景；透视图adj.透视的strain n.张力；拉紧；负担；扭伤；血缘vi.拉紧；尽力vt.拉紧；滥用；滤去；竭力n.(Strain)人名；(英)斯特兰predicted adj.预测的v.预计（predict的过去分词）；预示inadequacies 不足synchronization n.[物]同步；同时性amplification n.[电子]放大（率）；扩大；详述fragile adj.脆的；易碎的invariably adv.总是；不变地；一定地neglected adj.被忽视的；未被好好照管的v.忽视；疏忽（neglect的过去分词）wireless adj.无线的；无线电的n.无线电vt.用无线电报与…联系；用无线电报发送vi.打无线电报；打无线电话collaboration n.合作；勾结；通敌assets n.资产；宝贵的人材；有益的品质；[经]财产；有利条件（一项）财物；资产（asset的名词店、破产者等的）财产；遗产；有价值的人或物conversion n.转换；变换；[金融]兑换；改变信仰virtually adv.事实上，几乎；实质上prohibitive adj.禁止的，禁止性的；抑制的；（费用，价格等）过高的；类同禁止的3depressions n.[经]萧条（depression的复数形式）；按下；抑制；[内科]抑郁症sustaining adj.持续的；支持的v.维持（sustain的现在分词）；支持；承受silts n.砂浆；泥浆（silt的复数）v.淤积；使…淤塞（silt的第三人称单数）fertile adj.富饶的，肥沃的；能生育的intervention n.介入；调停；妨碍massifs 【地质学】山丘；地块；断层块；大楼，大厦survey n.调查；测量；审视；纵览vt.调查；勘测；俯瞰vi.测量土地appropriate adj.适当的；恰当的；合适的vt.占用，拨出extraction n.取出；抽出；拔出；抽出物；出身cavities n.腔（cavity的复数形式）；[医]空洞；蛀牙；插线孔deposits n.[金融]存款；[地质]沉积物（deposit的复数）；订金v.[地质]沉积（deposit的单三形式）；存储；付保证金saline adj.盐的；含盐分的n.盐湖；碱盐泻药TPO131gripe n牢骚;怨言;不平;不满2chronobiology n.时间生物学eukaryote n.真核生物3overgeneralize v.过度概括stimuli n.刺激,刺激品,激励(stimulus复数)TPO141accused n.被告adj.被控告的v.指责；控告（accuse的过去式）intentionally adv.故意地，有意地cereal n.谷类，谷物；谷类食品；谷类植物adj.谷类的；谷类制成的format n.格式；版式；开本vt.使格式化；规定…的格式vi.设计版式perceived v.感知；认为（perceive的过去分词）；领会adj.感知到的；感观的animated adj.活生生的；活泼的；愉快的vt.使…有生气（animate的过去式）conflated vt.合并；异文合并blending n.混合；调配；混和物adj.混合的v.混合；协调（blend的ing形式）validated adj.经过验证的v.确认（validate的过去式及过去分词形式）；使生效endorses vt.背书；认可；签署；赞同；在背面签名perceptions n.认知；观念（perception的复数）；理解2equator n.赤道presumably adv.大概；推测起来；可假定hurricanes n.[气象]飓风（hurricane的复数）paradoxically adv.自相矛盾地；似非而是地；反常地elevation n.高地；海拔；提高；崇高；正面图sinkholes n.污水坑；排水口；阴沟口cenotes n.天然井plugged adj.堵塞的；塞紧的v.堵塞；接通电源（plug的过去分词）karst n.喀斯特地形（石灰岩地区常见的地形）n.(Karst)人名；(德、英、捷)卡斯特plastered adj.醉醺醺的；涂得厚厚的v.使平；涂以灰泥；粘贴；掩饰（plaster的过去分词形式）catchment n.流域；集水dikes 堤坝（dike的复数）3Pastoralism n.牧歌体；田园主义distinctive adj.有特色的，与众不同的terrain n.[地理]地形，地势；领域；地带nomadism n.游牧；流浪inhibits 抑制阻止rank n.排；等级；军衔；队列adj.讨厌的；恶臭的；繁茂的vt.排列；把…分等vi.列为；列队n.(Rank)人名；(英、德、芬、捷)兰克conquest n.征服，战胜；战利品n.(Conquest)人名；(英)康奎斯特hereditary adj.遗传的；世袭的；世代相传的n.遗传类hierarchies n.阶层，层级；[数]分层，分类TPO151contradiction n.矛盾；否认；反驳metabolism n.[生理]新陈代谢basking 晒太阳姥鲨proportionately adv.相称地，成比例地sheer adj.绝对的；透明的；峻峭的；纯粹的adv.完全；陡峭地vi.偏航vt.使偏航；使急转向n.偏航；透明薄织物bulk n.体积，容量；大多数，大部分；大块vt.使扩大，使形成大量；使显得重要n.(Bulk)人名；(土)布尔克reptilian adj.爬虫类的；卑鄙的n.爬虫类动物aerodynamic adj.空气动力学的，[航]航空动力学的countercurrent n.逆流；逆电流adv.相反地coiled adj.盘绕的；卷成圈的v.卷（coil的过去式和过去分词）；盘绕floe n.浮冰；大浮冰n.(Floe)人名；(英)弗洛2fail vi.失败，不及格；破产；缺乏；衰退vt.不及格；使失望；忘记；舍弃n.不及格n.(Fail)人名；(葡、捷)法伊尔；(法)法伊destruction n.破坏，毁灭；摧毁recurred vi.复发；重现；采用；再来；循环；递归ammonoids [古生]菊石类drastic adj.激烈的；猛烈的n.烈性泻药recurrent adj.复发的；周期性的，经常发生的deflecting adj.偏转的；变向的v.使偏（deflect的ing形式）；打歪devastation n.毁坏，荒废collided v.碰撞，冲突（collide的过去分词）estimated adj.估计的；预计的；估算的spewed vt.喷出；呕吐vi.喷涌；呕吐debris n.碎片，残骸n.(Debris)人名；(法)德布里herbivores n.[动]食草动物，植食动物；食草者（herbivore的复数形式）carnivores n.[动]食肉动物；食虫植物（carnivore的复数）presence n.存在；出席；参加；风度；仪态deposits n.[金融]存款；[地质]沉积物（deposit的复数）；订金v.[地质]沉积（deposit的单三形式）；存储；付保证金sedimentary adj.沉淀的abundance n.充裕，丰富immense adj.巨大的，广大的；无边无际的；非常好的intense adj.强烈的；紧张的；非常的；热情的3hexagonal adj.六边的，六角形的granular adj.颗粒的；粒状的intermediate vi.起媒介作用adj.中间的，中级的n.[化学]中间物；媒介flakes n.鳞片；白点；发裂firn n.积雪；[水文]粒雪n.(Firn)人名；(法、德)菲恩chunks n.大块，矮胖的人或物（chunk的复数形式）calving n.产犊；裂冰作用v.产犊；崩解（calve的ing形式）deceiving v.欺骗（deceive的ing形式）static adj.静态的；静电的；静力的n.静电；静电干扰thereby adv.从而，因此；在那附近；在那方面reshaping v.矫形；使…再成形；[建]重新修整（reshape的ing形式）TPO161deposits n.[金融]存款；[地质]沉积物（deposit的复数）；订金v.[地质]沉积（deposit的单三形式）；存储；付保证金metallic adj.金属的，含金属的ore n.矿；矿石n.(Ore)人名；(意、瑞典)奥雷；(英)奥尔gems n.[宝]宝石（gem的复数形式）n.(Gems)人名；(德)格姆斯tutelage n.监护；指导rank n.排；等级；军衔；队列adj.讨厌的；恶臭的；繁茂的vt.排列；把…分等vi.列为；列队n.(Rank)人名；(英、德、芬、捷)兰克blurred adj.模糊不清的；被弄污的v.玷污；使…模糊不清；使感觉迟钝（blur的过去式和过去分词）sect n.宗派kinship n.[法]亲属关系，家属关系；亲密关系repudiate vt.拒绝；否定；批判；与…断绝关系；拒付v.概念化（conceptualize的过去分词）egalitarian adj.平等主义的n.平等主义；平等主义者shepherds n.牧羊人；牧人（shepherd的复数）；牧师v.带领（shepherd的三单形式）；放牧；照看flourished n.兴旺；茂盛；挥舞；炫耀；华饰vt.夸耀；挥舞vi.繁荣，兴旺；茂盛；活跃；处于旺盛时期mercantile adj.商业的；商人的；重商主义的n.商品peculiar adj.特殊的；独特的；奇怪的；罕见的n.特权；特有财产moral adj.道德的；精神上的；品性端正的n.道德；寓意n.(Moral)人名；(德、法、西、葡、土)莫拉尔stance n.立场；姿态；位置；准备击球姿势cement vt.巩固，加强；用水泥涂；接合vi.粘牢n.水泥；接合剂aristocratic adj.贵族的；贵族政治的；有贵族气派的pastoralists n.牧民；放牧者；田园诗的作者（pastoralist的复数形式）pastures 牧草fragile adj.脆的；易碎的monetary adj.货币的；财政的circumvented vt.包围；陷害；绕行prowl vi.徘徊，潜行vt.在…搜寻；潜行于n.徘徊，潜行；悄悄踱步2prediction n.预报；预言descriptive adj.描写的，叙述的；描写性的arrange vt.安排；排列；整理vi.安排；排列；协商properties n.性能；道具，内容（property的复数形式）columns 塔器indicated adj.表明的；指示的v.表明（indicate的过去分词）；指出；显示bolder adj.更粗的；更醒目的n.(Bolder)人名；(德)博尔德尔scheme n.计划；组合；体制；诡计vi.搞阴谋；拟订计划vt.计划；策划n.(Scheme)人名；(瑞典)谢默residual n.剩余；残渣adj.剩余的；残留的3hub n.中心；毂；木片n.(Hub)人名；(捷)胡布divided adj.分裂的；分开的；有分歧的v.分开（divide的过去分词）；分离infinitesimally adv.极小地primordial adj.原始的；根本的；原生的TPO171ties n.结v.绑；连结impetus n.动力；促进；冲力distrusted vt.不信任n.不信任怀疑irresistible adj.不可抵抗的；不能压制的；极为诱人的lesser adj.较少的；次要的；更小的adv.较少地；更小地；不及n.(Lesser)人名；(英、德)莱塞voyage n.航行；航程；旅行记vi.航行；航海vt.飞过；渡过masts [船]船桅[船]桅杆（mast的复数形式）sails n.[船]帆；航行（sail的复数）v.扬帆；乘船航行（sail的第三人称单数）lateen adj.大三角帆的；有大三帆的n.大三角帆船astrolabe n.[天]星盘；天体观测仪operated adj.操作的v.操作（operate的过去式和过去分词）precise adj.精确的；明确的；严格的originated v.起源，发起；发明（originate的过去式，过去分词）；准备呼叫acceptance n.接纳；赞同；容忍protocols n.协议；礼仪礼节；条款（protocol的复数）v.拟定议定书；拟定草案（protocol的三单形式）2appearances n.外观，外貌indistinct adj.模糊的，不清楚的；朦胧的；难以清楚辨认的conspicuous adj.显着的；显而易见的pattern n.模式；图案；样品vt.模仿；以图案装饰vi.形成图案camouflage n.伪装，掩饰vt.伪装，掩饰vi.伪装起来carnival n.狂欢节，嘉年华会；饮宴狂欢limelight n.石灰光，石灰光灯；众人注目的中心vt.使显露头角，使受到注目penetrated 鞭辟入里canopy n.天篷；华盖；遮篷；苍穹vt.用天蓬遮盖；遮盖scrublands n.灌木丛林地courtship n.求爱；求婚；求爱期inflating n.充气；加压v.膨胀；充气（inflate的ing形式）adj.膨胀的；充气的sacs n.[生物]囊，液囊；糖精（sac的复数）impediment n.口吃；妨碍；阻止ritualized adj.仪式化的；程序化的v.仪式化（ritualize的过去式）3derives 源于得自（derive的第三人称单数）immune adj.免疫的；免于……的，免除的n.免疫者；免除者strains n.[微]菌株（strain复数）；种族v.[力]拉紧；使过度劳累（strain的第三人称单数形式）inadvertently adj.非故意地，无心地flushed adj.激动的；心情愉快的v.使激动；排水（flush的过去式和过去分词）；脸发红hinder vi.成为阻碍vt.阻碍；打扰adj.后面的n.(Hinder)人名；(芬)欣德pollinators n.[植][农学]传粉者（pollinator的复数）association n.协会，联盟，社团；联合；联想catalysts [物化]催化剂distributed adj.分布式的，分布式的mutualism n.[生态]共栖，互利共生；互助论horn n.喇叭，号角；角vt.装角于n.(Horn)人名；(英、德、匈、捷、罗、波、芬、希、瑞典)霍恩；(法)奥尔恩洪acacia n.阿拉伯树胶；刺槐；金合欢属植物n.(Acacia)人名；(意)阿卡恰thorns n.[植]刺，刺尖（thorn的复数形式）；[植]荆棘leaflets 传单TPO181immediate adj.立即的；直接的；最接近的implications n.蕴涵式；暗指，暗示；含蓄，含意；卷入（implication的复数）kronor n.克朗（瑞典货币单位，krona的复数）abolished adj.废除的v.彻底废除；摧毁（abolish的过去分词）division n.[数]除法；部门；分割；师（军队）；赛区stakeout 监视；立桩标出；派警察监视prosperity n.繁荣，成功2reversing adj.回动的v.颠倒；倒转；完全改变（reverse的ing形式）predict vt.预报，预言；预知vi.作出预言；作预料，作预报conductance n.[电]电导；导率；电导系数fetuses 胎胎儿（fetus的复数）amniotic adj.[昆]羊膜的blockages n.堵塞，堵塞；封锁；妨碍distracting adj.分心的；分散注意力的v.使分心（distract的ing形式）；转移注意力incongruous adj.不协调的；不一致的；不和谐的3pellets n.芯块，小球（pellet的复数）；靶丸v.使形成小球（pellet的第三人称单数）collisions n.[物]碰撞；冲突；撞击（collision的复数形式）populate vt.居住于；构成人口；移民于；殖民于destructive adj.破坏的；毁灭性的；有害的，消极的surge n.汹涌；大浪，波涛；汹涌澎湃；巨涌v.汹涌；起大浪，蜂拥而来TPO191wake vi.醒来；唤醒；警觉vt.叫醒；激发n.尾迹；守夜；守丧n.(Wake)人名；(英)韦克fortifications n.[军]防御工事（fortification的复数）robbed vt.抢劫；使…丧失；非法剥夺vi.抢劫；掠夺stunted adj.发育不良的；成长受妨碍的；长得矮小的v.阻碍…发展（stunt的过去式及过去分词形式）rebellion n.叛乱；反抗；谋反；不服从fort n.堡垒；要塞；（美）边界贸易站vt.设要塞保卫vi.构筑要塞n.(Fort)人名；(法)福尔；(德、英、西、葡、匈)福特friction n.摩擦，[力]摩擦力entwined vt.缠住；盘绕；使缠绕vi.缠住；盘绕auxiliary n.助动词；辅助者，辅助物；附属机构adj.辅助的；副的；附加的hereditary adj.遗传的；世袭的；世代相传的n.遗传类regiments n.兵团（regiment的复数）v.组团（regiment的第三人称单数形式）reverse n.背面；相反；倒退；失败vt.颠倒；倒转adj.反面的；颠倒的；反身的vi.倒退；逆叫TPO211harness v控制及利用（自然界的力量）以产生电能等generator n发电机geothermal adj.地热的circulate v（使某物）循环extract v1(a)取出;拔出:(b)获取（钱、消息等）（通常指获自不愿给予者）;强索:2压出,榨出（汁液等）:3从书、讲话等中选取（段落,例子,词句等）;摘录;选录reservoir n1（天然的或人工的）水库,蓄水池.2储藏;汇集fracture v（使某物）折断,破碎sink v下沉;沉没withdrawn(withdraw)v.撤回,撤消,取回;撤退,离开2scarce adj1难获得而不足的:2稀有;罕见oscillate v1（使某物）摆动:2（感情、行为、想法等）波动,动摇,犹豫:3（指电流、无线电波等）振荡,振动.brusque adj（指人及人的举止等）粗暴和唐突,无礼的nomadic adj游牧的;流浪的cognitive adj认知的;有关认识的fluidity n流动性;流动状态.integration n结合;综合;融合intensive1adj1(a)集中的;密集的(b)在有限时间内紧张工作的2彻底的3加强语气的:domesticate v尤用于被动语态使（某人）习惯于或喜爱家务和家庭生活他婚后已非常恋家了illiterate n文盲;无知的人inquire v.询问;调查;讯问;调查;查问3recount v详细叙述某事;讲述某事intrigued adj.好奇的;被迷住了的blossom v健康地成长;长成或发展成（某事物）;兴盛(b)变得活跃correlation n相互的关系。
托福TPO词汇题汇总
T P O 4inhibit=restrict 限制，禁止in the same breath=immediately 立即indefinite period=whose end has not been determined 不定期的rebound=recovery 复原，重获a marked degree=a considerable degree 很大程度上principal=major 主要的environmental trappings=environmental decorations 装饰accumulate=build up 累积adjacent=nearby 临近的sloping=inclining 倾斜的foul=pollute 污染TPO 5exhibit=show 展示facilitate=make easier 促进suspended=hung 悬浮的afford=offer 提供，支付的起overwhelming=powerful 有力的，强大的implement=tool 工具undisputed=acknowledged 认可的，无可争议的significant=important 重要的relatively=comparatively 相对地diversification=emergence of many varieties 多样化promote=encourage 激励TPO 6exploit=utilize 利用vastly=greatly 极大地，深远地grow accustomed to=become used to 习惯于retain=maintain 保持rudimentary=basic 基础的meticulously=carefully 仔细地，严谨地endure=survive 忍受，存活virtually=nearly 事实上，几乎plausible=believable 可信的phenomenon=occurrence 现象，发生的事件critically=fundamentally 根本地perspective=viewpoint 观点TPO 7objective=purpose 目的scores of=large numbers of 大量的turbulent=violent 暴力的obsession with=fixation on 痴迷于foster=encourage 培育，激励sphere=area 范围diffuse=spread 传播profound=far-reaching 深远地ritual=ceremonial 仪式flee=run away from 逃避TPO 8massive=very large 大量的pinpoint=identify precisely 精确描述，精确定位ingenuity=cleverness 精巧predominant=principal 主要的cope=adapt 处理，适应fluctuation=variation 变化，波动bombard=strike 敲击，轰炸disruption=disturbance 干扰merge=combine 融合relics=remains 遗迹miniature=small 小的hint=clue 线索TPO 9persuasively=convincingly 令人信服地prior to=before 在..之前vast=huge 大的inhospitable=not suitable 不好客的，不适合的impetus=incentive 动机justify=support 证明..正确flourish=succeed 使繁荣，使成功objective=unbiased 没有偏见的，客观的compelling=persuasive 强制的，有说服性的at random=without a definite pattern 乱序地abundantly=plentifully 丰富地，大量地propagate=multiply 传播，繁殖dormant=inactive 静止的TPO 10status=importance 地位evolve=develop 发展instigate=cause 煽动whereas=while 然而striking=noticeable 显着的erratic=unpredictable 不稳定的deliberation=discussion 深思熟虑invoke=call upon 祈求key=important 重要的meager=very low 缺乏的innovation=new development 创新TPO 11vital=essential 至关重要的context=environment 环境，上下文core=center 核心depict=portray 描述perplex=puzzle 使困惑preposterous=unbelievable 荒谬的accumulating=increasing 累积的impose on=place on 强加于artificial=not real 人造的，假的prediction=expectation 预测pinpoint=locate exactly 精确描述，精确定位derive=gain 获取TPO 12assist in=help with 帮助depict=picture 描述criteria=standards 标准regard=consider 认为paradox=contradiction 自相矛盾overshadow=distract from 使阴暗，使分心neglect=fail 没有做成..事drastically=severely 彻底地，严重地dweller=inhabitant 居住者fracture=crack 分裂immobile=motionless 固定的TPO 13complex=elaborate 复杂的，详尽的endow=provide 赋予，提供size up=evaluate 测量deviate=depart 使偏离，越轨consequently=therefore 因此persistent=enduring 持久的duration=length 持续sustained=uninterrupted 稳定的uniformly=consistently 一致地potent=powerful 强大的quantifiable=measureable 可测量的TPO 14verify=establish the truth of 验证，核实adept=skillful 熟练的attribute=characteristic 特征credible=believable 可靠的paradoxically=surprisingly 出人意料地prolonged=extended 延长的exhausted=used up 疲惫的，耗尽的prestige=status 名望profound=far-reaching 深远地striking=noticeable 显着的exploit=use to advantage 开采，利用TPO 15interlock=link 连接match=equal 能匹配的transform=change 转变deceiving=misleading 欺骗性的，误导性的static=unchanging 稳定的unique among=different from all other 独特的feat=remarkable achievement 功绩bulk=mass 大量course through=run through 通过extended=long 延长的account for=explain 解释intense=extreme 极端的。
托福阅读考试常见词汇整理
托福阅读考试常见词汇整理以下是托福阅读考试中常见的词汇整理：1. abstract 抽象的2. academic 学术的3. accommodate 容纳4. accuracy 精确度5. acquire 获得6. adapt 适应7. adequate 足够的8. advocate 拥护者9. aggregate 合计10. allocate 安排11. alter 转变12. analyze 分析13. annual 每年的14. anticipate 预期15. apparent 明显的16. approach 方法17. approximate 或许的18. arbitrary 任意的19. artificial 人为的20. assess 评估21. assign 指定22. assume 假设23. attain 实现24. attribute 归因于第1页/共6页25. autonomous 自主的26. aware 意识到的27. bias 偏见28. bond 结合29. boundary 边界30. brainstorm 想法31. bribe 贿赂32. calculate 计算33. capable 有力量的34. capture 捕获35. cause 导致36. cease 停止37. challenge 挑战38. clarify 澄清39. clause 条款40. coherent 连贯的41. collaborate 合作42. collide 碰撞43. commence 开头44. commission 委员会45. commodity 商品46. compensate 补偿47. compete 竞争48. complex 简单的49. comprehensive 全面的50. comprise 包括51. compute 计算52. conceive 构想53. concept 概念54. conclude 结论55. conduct 进行56. confer 商讨57. confine 限制58. conform 符合59. consistent 全都的60. constrain 限制61. construct 构造62. consume 消费63. contend 主见64. convert 转换65. convey 传达66. coordinate 协调67. core 核心68. corporate 公司的69. correspond 对应70. criterion 标准71. crucial 重要的72. currency 货币73. data 数据74. debate 辩论75. decade 十年76. deduce 推断77. define 定义78. demonstrate 证明79. denote 表示80. dense 密集的81. deploy 部署82. depict 描绘83. derive 派生第3页/共6页84. design 设计85. detect 发觉86. determine 确定87. devise 设计88. differentiate 区分89. diminish 削减90. discriminate 卑视91. dismiss 解雇92. distort 扭曲93. distribute 分发94. diverse 多样的95. domain 领域96. dominant 占主导地位的97. draft 草案98. dramatically 显著地99. duration 持续时间100. dynamic 动态的101. economy 经济102. edit 编辑103. emerge 消灭104. empirical 实证的105. enable 使能够106. encounter 患病107. energy 能量108. enforce 执行109. enhance 增加110. ensure 确保111. entity 实体112. environment 环境113. equate 等同114. equivalent 等效的115. erode 侵蚀116. essential 重要的117. establish 建立118. estimate 估量119. evolve 演化120. exceed 超过121. exclude 排解122. exhibit 呈现123. expand 扩大124. expert 专家125. explicit 明确的126. exploit 利用127. expose 暴露128. external 外部的129. extract 提取130. facilitate 促进131. factor 因素132. feasible 可行的133. feature 特征134. federal 联邦的135. feedback 反馈136. file 文件137. fluctuate 波动138. focus 焦点139. format 格式140. forthcoming 即将到来的141. foundation 基础142. framework 框架第5页/共6页143. function 功能144. fundamental 基本的145. furthermore 此外146. generate 生成147. global 全球的148. goal 目标149. grade 成果150. grant 授予以上是托福阅读考试中常见的词汇整理，期望对您有挂念！。
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TPO1:Dramatic 剧烈的，戏剧化的–- striking 显著的、突出的、惊人的Prevalent 普遍的，常见的–- predictable 可预见的Championed 拥护、支持–- SupportedAttributes 把。
归于 -- ascribesAutonomous 自主的、自治的、自发的– independentPenchant 倾向、嗜好、趣味 -- inclination 倾向Incredible 令人难以置信的 -- UnbelievableOut of sight 看不见、在视野之外 -- hiddenOverlie 躺在.。
上面，覆盖在。
上面 -- CoverSo much for – That is enough aboutPlugged 插入、填满– filled upTPO2:Threatened – endangeredDelicate 易碎的、纤弱的– fragile 易碎的Progressively 渐进的、日益增多的– increasinglyDevoid of 没有、缺乏– lacking inPrecious 宝贵的、珍贵的– valuableExposed 暴露的– visiblePropulsion 推进– moving forwardReadily 轻而易举的– easilyAssistance 帮助– helpExpanded 扩充的、展开的– was enlargedTPO3:Feasible 可行的– achievableEnhance 增加、提高– improveDevised 设计、发明– createdIntegral 完整的、必须的– essential 基本的、必要的Arduous 艰巨的、困难的– difficultEnsuring 跟随，接下来– subsequentUnprecedented 史无前例的–unlike anything in the pastVirtually 几乎、实际上、事实上– almostInevitable 不可避免的、必然的– unavoidableParticular 特别的、特定的– specificGuarantee 保证、确保– ensurePale 苍白、使失色– loses significanceAdjacent 相邻– neighbouringTPO4Inhibits 阻止，阻拦– restrictsIn the same breath – immediatelyIndefinite period 没有限制的时间段– whose end has not been determined Rebound反弹– recovery 恢复Marked 标记的、明显的、显著的– considerablePrincipal 主要的– majorTrappings 装饰– decorationAccumulate沉积、聚集、累积– build up 增进、积累Adjacent – nearbySloping 倾斜的、斜坡的– incliningFoul 弄脏、污染– polluteTPO5:Exhibit 显示、显出– showFacilitate 促进、帮助、使容易– make easierSuspended 悬垂、悬挂– hungAfford 给予、提供–offerOverwhelming 压倒性的、势不可挡的– powerfulImplements 实施、执行、工具– toolsUndisputed 无可辩驳的、毫无疑问的– acknowledge 广为承认的Significant 显著的、重要的– importantRelatively 相对地– comparativelyDiversification 多样化– emergence of many varieties 出现很多种类Promote 促进、提升– encourageTPO6:Exploited 开采、开发、利用、剥削–utilizedVastly 极大地– greatlyGrew accustomed 习惯于– became used toRetained 保留、保持– maintainedRudimentary 基本的、初步的– basicMeticulously 仔细地– carefullyEndure 忍耐、耐久– survived 存活，从。
中坚持过来Virtually 事实上、几乎–nearlyPlausible 貌似可信的– believablePhenomenon 现象、事情– occurrence 出现，事件Critically 关键的、重要的– fundamentallyPerspective 观点、视角、前景– viewpointTPO7:Objective 目标、目的– purposeScores of 大量的– large numbersTurbulent 动荡的、狂暴的、骚动的– violent 暴力的，狂暴的Obsession with 着迷于…– fixation onFostered 培养、促进–encourageSpheres 球体– areaDiffused 扩散– spreadProfound 深刻的、意义深远的– far-reaching 深远的、广泛的Ritual 仪式的、常规的–ceremonial 仪式的Fleeing 逃跑– running away fromTPO8：Massive 大量的– very largePinpoint 找到、精确地瞄准– identify precisely 精准地识别Ingenuity 心灵手巧、精巧、足智多谋– cleverness Predominant 主要的、占显著优势的– principal 主要的Cope 应付– adapt 适应Fluctuations 波动、震荡、变化– variationsBombard 轰击、炮轰、撞击 -- strike 击打Disruption 打断、干扰– disturbance 干扰、骚乱Merge 合并– combineRelics 遗迹、残余– remains 剩余、残余Miniature 小型的、缩略图、小模型– smallHints 暗示、示意– clues 线索TPO9:Persuasively 有说服力的，令人信服的– convincingly 令人信服的Vast 巨大的– hugePrior – beforeInhospitable 不适于居住的，不好客的– not suitableImpetus 推动力、刺激– incentiveJustify 以。
为证明– supportFlourish 繁盛、繁荣– succeedObjective 客观的、目标– unbiased 公正的Compelling 引人注目的、令人信服的– persuasively 有说服力的At random 随机– without a definite patternAbundantly 丰富地、大量地–plentifullyPropagate 繁殖、传播– multiply 繁殖、增加Dormant 休眠的、静止的，潜伏的– inactiveTPO10:Status 状态、地位、重要身份– importanceEvolved 进化、演化– developedInstigated 教唆、鼓动、激起– causedWhereas 然而– whileStriking 显著的、吸引人的–noticeableErratic 古怪的、不稳定的、飘忽不定的– unpredictable 不可预测的Deliberations 深思熟虑、审议– discussionsInvoked 引起、求助– called uponKey – importantMeagre 贫乏的、不足的、瘦弱的– very lowTPO11:Vital 至关重要的– essential 必要的Context 背景、环境– environmentCore – centerDepicts 描述– portrays 画、描绘Perplexed 困惑– puzzled 迷惑Preposterous 荒唐的、可笑的– unbelievableAccumulating – increasingImpose on 施加影响于、强迫– place on 在。
上施加Artificial 人造的、人工的、虚假的– not real 不真实的Prediction 预测、预期、预报– expectationPinpoint 精确找到、瞄准– locate exactlyDerive 获取、获得– gainTPO12:Assisted – help withDepict 描述、描绘– pictureCriteria – standardsRegarded – consideredParadoxes 矛盾、自相矛盾的话– contradictions 矛盾Overshadowed 遮荫、使失去色彩– distracted from 困扰，使分心Neglected 忽视– failedDrastically 彻底地、激烈地– severely 剧烈地Dwellers 居民– inhabitantsFracture 断裂、裂隙、裂缝– cracks 裂缝Immobile 不动的、不变的–motionlessTPO13:Complex – elaborate 复杂的精心制作的 (delicate 精美的微妙的) Endowing 赋予捐助– providing提供Size up 估量、估计– evaluate （enlarge 不对）Deviate 偏离、出轨– depart 离开Consequently 因此、所以– thereforePersistent 持续的– enduringDuration 时长– length 长度Sustained 持续的、长久的、维持的、连续的– uninterrupted (不间断的)Uniformly 统一地、一致地、持续地– consistentlyPotent 有效的、强有力的– powerfulQuantifiable 可计数的、可测量的– measurableTPO14:Verify 核实、证明– establish the truth ofAdept 熟练的、老练的– skilfulAttribute 特色、特征– characteristicsCredible 可信的– believableParadoxically 矛盾地、反常地– surprisingly 惊人的、出乎意外地Prolonged 延长的、长期的– extended 延长的Exhausted 消耗、用光– used up 用完、耗尽Prestige 威望、声望–status 地位Profoundly – far-reachingStriking – noticeableExploit – use to advantageTPO15:Interlocked 连锁、连接– linkedMatch 匹配– equalTransform 改变、使变形– changeDeceiving 欺骗性的– misleading 有误导性的（approximate 大约，exaggerated 夸大）Static 静止的– unchangedUnique among 独特的 -- different from all othersFeat 功绩、成就– remarkable achievementBulk 体积、容量、大块– mass 大量、块Courses through 轨迹、通过– run throughExtended 延伸、延长– longCount for 对。